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England</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charles_and_England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revolt_in_Flanders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolt_in_Flanders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Revolt in Flanders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolt_in_Flanders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charles_and_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charles_and_the_Holy_Roman_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Charles and the Holy Roman Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charles_and_the_Holy_Roman_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charles_and_the_Crusades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charles_and_the_Crusades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Charles and the Crusades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charles_and_the_Crusades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family_and_succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_and_succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Family and succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_and_succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ancestry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles IV of France</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 61 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="شارل الرابع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شارل الرابع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_I_de_Navarra" title="Carlos I de Navarra – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Carlos I de Navarra" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_G%C3%B6z%C9%99l_Karl" title="IV Gözəl Karl – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IV Gözəl Karl" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84" title="دؤردونجو شارل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دؤردونجو شارل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_4-s%C3%A8_(Hoat-kok)" title="Charles 4-sè (Hoat-kok) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Charles 4-sè (Hoat-kok)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV_%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%8B" title="Карл IV Прыгожы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карл IV Прыгожы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV" title="Шарл IV – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шарл IV" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_IV,_kralj_Francuske" title="Karlo IV, kralj Francuske – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Karlo IV, kralj Francuske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlez_IV_(Bro-C%27hall)" title="Charlez IV (Bro-C'hall) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Charlez IV (Bro-C'hall)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carles_IV_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Carles IV de França – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carles IV de França" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_IV._Sli%C4%8Dn%C3%BD" title="Karel IV. Sličný – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Karel IV. Sličný" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siarl_IV,_brenin_Ffrainc" title="Siarl IV, brenin Ffrainc – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Siarl IV, brenin Ffrainc" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_4._af_Frankrig" title="Karl 4. af Frankrig – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Karl 4. af Frankrig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_IV._(Frankreich)" title="Karl IV. (Frankreich) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karl IV. (Frankreich)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV" title="Charles IV – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Charles IV" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Κάρολος Δ΄ της Γαλλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάρολος Δ΄ της Γαλλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Francia" title="Carlos IV de Francia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carlos IV de Francia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_la_4-a_(Francio)" title="Karlo la 4-a (Francio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karlo la 4-a (Francio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlos_I.a_Nafarroakoa" title="Karlos I.a Nafarroakoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karlos I.a Nafarroakoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%DA%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85" title="شارل چهارم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شارل چهارم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_le_Bel" title="Charles IV le Bel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charles IV le Bel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_IV_fan_Frankryk" title="Karel IV fan Frankryk – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Karel IV fan Frankryk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Francia" title="Carlos IV de Francia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carlos IV de Francia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A4%EB%A5%BC_4%EC%84%B8" title="샤를 4세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샤를 4세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%AC_IV_(%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80)" title="Կառլ IV (Ֆրանսիայի թագավոր) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կառլ IV (Ֆրանսիայի թագավոր)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_IV.,_kralj_Francuske" title="Karlo IV., kralj Francuske – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Karlo IV., kralj Francuske" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_la_4ma_di_Francia" title="Charles la 4ma di Francia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Charles la 4ma di Francia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_4._Frakkakonungur" title="Karl 4. Frakkakonungur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Karl 4. Frakkakonungur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_IV_di_Francia" title="Carlo IV di Francia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carlo IV di Francia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%99,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA" title="שארל הרביעי, מלך צרפת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שארל הרביעי, מלך צרפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A_IV_(%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98)" title="შარლ IV (საფრანგეთი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შარლ IV (საფრანგეთი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_(gazik_ke_Franca)" title="Charles IV (gazik ke Franca) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Charles IV (gazik ke Franca)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_IV_(rex_Francorum)" title="Carolus IV (rex Francorum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus IV (rex Francorum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV._vu_Frankr%C3%A4ich" title="Charles IV. vu Frankräich – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Charles IV. vu Frankräich" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV._K%C3%A1roly_francia_kir%C3%A1ly" title="IV. Károly francia király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IV. Károly francia király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV" title="Шарл IV – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Шарл IV" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="फ्रान्सचा चौथा शार्ल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रान्सचा चौथा शार्ल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="شارل الرابع – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شارل الرابع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Fr%C3%A1ncia" title="Carlos IV de Fráncia – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Carlos IV de Fráncia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_IV_van_Frankrijk" title="Karel IV van Frankrijk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Karel IV van Frankrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AB4%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E7%8E%8B)" title="シャルル4世 (フランス王) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャルル4世 (フランス王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_IV_av_Frankrike" title="Karl IV av Frankrike – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Karl IV av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carles_IV_de_France" title="Carles IV de France – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Carles IV de France" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol_IV_Pi%C4%99kny" title="Karol IV Piękny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Karol IV Piękny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Carlos IV de França – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carlos IV de França" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_al_IV-lea_al_Fran%C8%9Bei" title="Carol al IV-lea al Franței – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carol al IV-lea al Franței" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Карл IV Красивый – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карл IV Красивый" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_of_France" title="Charles IV of France – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Charles IV of France" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol_IV._(Franc%C3%BAzsko)" title="Karol IV. (Francúzsko) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Karol IV. (Francúzsko)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV" title="Шарл IV – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шарл IV" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_od_Francuske" title="Charles IV od Francuske – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Charles IV od Francuske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarle_IV_(Ranska)" title="Kaarle IV (Ranska) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaarle IV (Ranska)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_IV_av_Frankrike" title="Karl IV av Frankrike – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karl IV av Frankrike" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_4_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="พระเจ้าชาร์ลที่ 4 แห่งฝรั่งเศส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าชาร์ลที่ 4 แห่งฝรั่งเศส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV._Charles" title="IV. Charles – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IV. Charles" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Карл IV Красивий – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карл IV Красивий" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_c%E1%BB%A7a_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Charles IV của Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Charles IV của Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_van_Vrankryk" title="Charles IV van Vrankryk – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Charles IV van Vrankryk" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_4k_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_Fr%C3%A1ns%C3%AC" title="Charles 4k ilẹ̀ Fránsì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Charles 4k ilẹ̀ Fránsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96_(%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B)" title="查理四世 (法國) – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="查理四世 (法國)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Charles IV</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles4_mini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tomb effigy of Charles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Charles4_mini.jpg/220px-Charles4_mini.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Charles4_mini.jpg/330px-Charles4_mini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Charles4_mini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="492" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Gisant" class="mw-redirect" title="Gisant">Gisant</a> of Charles IV, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1372</span></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="King of France">King of France</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint">(<a href="/wiki/Style_of_the_French_sovereign" title="Style of the French sovereign">more...</a>) </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">3 January 1322 – 1 February 1328</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_French_monarch" title="Coronation of the French monarch">Coronation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">21 February 1322</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Navarre" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Navarre">King of Navarre</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">3 January 1322 – 1 February 1328</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joan_II_of_Navarre" title="Joan II of Navarre">Joan II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Navarre" title="Philip III of Navarre">Philip III</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">18/19 June 1294<br /><a href="/wiki/Clermont,_Oise" title="Clermont, Oise">Clermont, Oise</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 February 1328 (aged 33)<br /><a href="/wiki/Vincennes" title="Vincennes">Vincennes</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Denis_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Denis Basilica">Saint Denis Basilica</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Burgundy" title="Blanche of Burgundy">Blanche of Burgundy</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1307; <abbr title="annulled">ann.</abbr> 1322)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Marie_of_Luxembourg,_Queen_of_France" title="Marie of Luxembourg, Queen of France">Marie of Luxembourg</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1322; died 1324)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_%C3%89vreux" title="Joan of Évreux">Joan of Évreux</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1324)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal"><i><a href="#Family_and_succession">more...</a></i></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_France,_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans">Blanche, Duchess of Orléans</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">Capet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV of France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joan_I_of_Navarre" title="Joan I of Navarre">Joan I of Navarre</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles IV</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (18/19 June 1294 – 1 February 1328), called <b>the Fair</b> (<i>le Bel</i>) in France and <b>the Bald</b> (<i>el Calvo</i>) in Navarre, was last king of the direct line of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">King of France</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Navarrese_monarchs" title="List of Navarrese monarchs">King of Navarre</a> (as <b>Charles I</b>) from 1322 to 1328. Charles was the third son of <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a>; like his father, he was known as "the fair" or "the handsome".<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-encarta2008_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encarta2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1323 Charles was confronted with a <a href="/wiki/Peasant_revolt_in_Flanders_1323%E2%80%931328" class="mw-redirect" title="Peasant revolt in Flanders 1323–1328">peasant revolt</a> in <a href="/wiki/County_of_Flanders" title="County of Flanders">Flanders</a>, and in 1324 he made an unsuccessful bid to be elected <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>. As <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Guyenne" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Guyenne">Duke of Guyenne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_II_of_England" title="Edward II of England">King Edward II of England</a> was a vassal of Charles, but he was reluctant to pay <a href="/wiki/Homage_(feudal)" title="Homage (feudal)">homage</a> to another king. In retaliation, Charles conquered the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Guyenne" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Guyenne">Duchy of Guyenne</a> in a conflict known as the <a href="/wiki/War_of_Saint-Sardos" title="War of Saint-Sardos">War of Saint-Sardos</a> (1324). In a peace agreement, Edward II accepted to swear allegiance to Charles and to pay a fine. In exchange, Guyenne was returned to Edward but with a much-reduced territory. </p><p>When Charles IV died without a <a href="/wiki/Male_heir" title="Male heir">male heir</a>, the senior line of the House of Capet, descended from Philip IV, became extinct. He was succeeded in Navarre by his niece <a href="/wiki/Joan_II_of_Navarre" title="Joan II of Navarre">Joan II</a> and in France by his paternal first cousin <a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip of Valois</a>. However, the dispute on the succession to the French throne between the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">Valois</a> monarchs descended in <a href="/wiki/Male_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Male line">male line</a> from Charles's grandfather <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_France" title="Philip III of France">Philip III of France</a>, and the English monarchs descended from Charles's sister <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_France" title="Isabella of France">Isabella</a>, was a factor of the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War" title="Hundred Years' War">Hundred Years' War</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personality_and_marriage">Personality and marriage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personality and marriage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By virtue of the birthright of his mother, <a href="/wiki/Joan_I_of_Navarre" title="Joan I of Navarre">Joan I of Navarre</a>, Charles claimed the title Charles I, King of Navarre. From 1314 to his accession to the throne, he held the title of <a href="/wiki/Count_of_La_Marche" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of La Marche">Count of La Marche</a> and was crowned King of France in 1322 at the cathedral in <a href="/wiki/Reims" title="Reims">Reims</a>. Unlike <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V</a>, Charles is reputed to have been a relatively conservative, "strait-laced" king<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – he was "inclined to forms and stiff-necked in defence of his prerogatives",<sup id="cite_ref-Sumption_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumption-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while disinclined either to manipulate them to his own ends or achieve wider reform.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumption_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumption-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg/220px-Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg/330px-Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg/440px-Mariage_de_Charles_IV_le_Bel_et_de_Marie_de_Luxembourg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1674" data-file-height="2047" /></a><figcaption>Marriage of Charles IV and Marie of Luxembourg, by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Fouquet" title="Jean Fouquet">Jean Fouquet</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg/220px-Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg/330px-Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg/440px-Blason_comte_fr_Touraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption>Charles's <a href="/wiki/Coat-of-arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat-of-arms">coat-of-arms</a> from when he was Count of La Marche.</figcaption></figure> <p>Charles married his first wife, <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Burgundy" title="Blanche of Burgundy">Blanche of Burgundy</a>, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Otto_IV,_Count_of_Burgundy" title="Otto IV, Count of Burgundy">Otto IV, Count of Burgundy</a>, in 1308, but Blanche was caught up in the <i><a href="/wiki/Tour_de_Nesle_affair" title="Tour de Nesle affair">Tour de Nesle</a></i> scandals of 1314 and imprisoned.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Charles assumed the throne he refused to release Blanche, their marriage was annulled, and Blanche retreated to a nunnery.<sup id="cite_ref-Williams_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His second wife, <a href="/wiki/Marie_of_Luxembourg,_Queen_of_France" title="Marie of Luxembourg, Queen of France">Marie of Luxembourg</a>, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Henry_VII,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VII</a>, the Holy Roman Emperor, died following a premature birth.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles married again in 1325, this time to <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27%C3%89vreux" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeanne d'Évreux">Jeanne d'Évreux</a>: she was his first cousin, and the marriage required approval from <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXII" title="Pope John XXII">Pope John XXII</a>. Jeanne was crowned queen in 1326, in one of the better recorded French coronation ceremonies.<sup id="cite_ref-Lord2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ceremony represented a combination of a political statement, social event, and an "expensive fashion statement";<sup id="cite_ref-Lord_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the cost of food, furs, velvets, and jewellery for the event was so expensive that negotiations over the cost were still ongoing in 1329.<sup id="cite_ref-Lord_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coronation was also the first appearance of the latterly famous medieval cook, <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Tirel" title="Guillaume Tirel">Guillaume Tirel</a>, then only a junior servant.<sup id="cite_ref-Lord_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the first half of his reign Charles relied heavily on his uncle, <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Count_of_Valois" title="Charles, Count of Valois">Charles of Valois</a>, for advice and to undertake key military tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles of Valois was a powerful magnate in his own right, a key advisor to <a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis X</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he had made a bid for the regency in 1316, initially championing Louis X's daughter <a href="/wiki/Joan_II_of_Navarre" title="Joan II of Navarre">Joan</a>, before finally switching sides and backing Philip V.<sup id="cite_ref-Wagner_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wagner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles of Valois would have been aware that if Charles died without male heirs, he and his <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">male heirs</a> would have a good claim to the crown.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Domestic_policy">Domestic policy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Domestic policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg/220px-Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg/330px-Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg/440px-Charles_IV_maille_blanche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption>A Charles IV <a href="/wiki/Livre_tournois" title="Livre tournois">tournois</a> coin; Charles debased the French coinage during his reign, creating some unpopularity.</figcaption></figure> <p>Charles came to power following a troublesome two years in the south of France, where local nobles had resisted his elder brother <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V</a>'s plans for <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_policy" title="Fiscal policy">fiscal</a> reform, and where his brother had fallen fatally ill during his <a href="/wiki/Royal_Entry" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Entry">progress</a> of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles undertook rapid steps to assert his own control, executing the Count of <a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_L%27Isle-Jourdain" title="Lordship of L'Isle-Jourdain">L'Isle-Jourdain</a>, a troublesome southern noble, and making his own royal progress.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles, a relatively well educated king, also founded a famous library at <a href="/wiki/Fontainebleau" title="Fontainebleau">Fontainebleau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his six-year reign Charles's administration became increasingly unpopular.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He debased the coinage to his own benefit, sold offices,<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> increased taxation, exacted burdensome duties, and confiscated estates from enemies or those he disliked.<sup id="cite_ref-encarta2008_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encarta2008-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also closely involved in Jewish issues during the period. Charles's father, Philip IV, had confiscated the estates of numerous Jews in 1306, and Charles took vigorous, but unpopular, steps to call in Christian debts to these accounts.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/1321_leper_scare" class="mw-redirect" title="1321 leper scare">1321 leper scare</a>, in which numerous Jews had been fined for their alleged involvement in a conspiracy to poison wells across France through local <a href="/wiki/Lepers" class="mw-redirect" title="Lepers">lepers</a>, Charles worked hard to execute these fines.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, Charles at least acquiesced, or at worst actively ordered, in the expulsion of many Jews from France following the leper scare.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charles_and_England">Charles and England</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Charles and England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles inherited a long-running period of tension between England and France. Edward II, King of England, as Duke of <a href="/wiki/Aquitaine" title="Aquitaine">Aquitaine</a>, owed homage to the King of France,<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but he had successfully avoided paying homage under Charles's older brother Louis X, and had only paid homage to Philip V under great pressure. Once Charles took up the throne, Edward attempted to avoid payment again.<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the elements in the disputes was the border province of <a href="/wiki/Agenais" title="Agenais">Agenais</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Gascony" title="Gascony">Gascony</a> and in turn part of Aquitaine. Tensions rose in November 1323 after the construction of a <a href="/wiki/Bastide" title="Bastide">bastide</a>, a type of fortified town, in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Sardos,_Lot-et-Garonne" title="Saint-Sardos, Lot-et-Garonne">Saint-Sardos</a>, part of the Agenais, by a French vassal.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gascon forces destroyed the bastide, and in turn Charles attacked the English-held <a href="/wiki/Montpezat,_Lot-et-Garonne" title="Montpezat, Lot-et-Garonne">Montpezat</a>: the assault was unsuccessful,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in the subsequent <a href="/wiki/War_of_Saint-Sardos" title="War of Saint-Sardos">War of Saint-Sardos</a> Charles's trusted uncle and advisor, <a href="/wiki/Charles_of_Valois" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles of Valois">Charles of Valois</a>, successfully wrested control of Aquitaine from the English;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by 1324, Charles had declared Edward's lands forfeit and had occupied the whole of Aquitaine apart from the coastal areas.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg/220px-Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg/330px-Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg/440px-Isabela_Karel_Eda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="1121" /></a><figcaption>An early 15th-century <a href="/wiki/Miniature_(illuminated_manuscript)" title="Miniature (illuminated manuscript)">miniature</a> showing the future <a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III</a> giving homage to Charles IV under the guidance of Edward's mother, and Charles's sister, <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_France" title="Isabella of France">Isabella</a>, in 1325.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Charles's sister <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_France" title="Isabella of France">Isabella</a>, wife of King Edward II, was sent to France in 1325 with the official mission of negotiating peace with her brother; unofficially, some chroniclers suggested that she was also evading <a href="/wiki/Hugh_le_Despenser,_1st_Earl_of_Winchester" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester">Hugh Despenser the elder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Despenser_the_Younger" title="Hugh Despenser the Younger">Hugh the younger</a>, her political enemies in England.<sup id="cite_ref-Lord1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles had sent a message through <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXII" title="Pope John XXII">Pope John XXII</a> to Edward suggesting that he was willing to reverse the forfeiture of the lands if Edward ceded the Agenais and paid homage for the rest of the lands.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumption_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumption-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pope in turn had proposed Isabella as an ambassador. Charles met with Isabella and was said to have welcomed her to France. Isabella was joined by the young <a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Prince Edward</a> later that year, who paid homage to Charles on his father's behalf as a peace gesture.<sup id="cite_ref-Lord1_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, Charles refused to return the lands in Aquitaine to the English king, resulting in a provisional agreement under which Edward resumed administration of the remaining English territories in early 1326, whilst France continued to occupy the rest.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1326 after negotiations with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Randolph,_1st_Earl_of_Moray" title="Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray">Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray</a>, Charles renewed the <a href="/wiki/Auld_Alliance" title="Auld Alliance">Auld Alliance</a> with Scotland through the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Corbeil_(1326)" title="Treaty of Corbeil (1326)">Treaty of Corbeil (1326)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, Isabella had entered into a relationship with the exiled English nobleman <a href="/wiki/Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Earl_of_March" title="Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March">Roger Mortimer</a> and refused to return to England, instead travelling to <a href="/wiki/County_of_Hainaut" title="County of Hainaut">Hainaut</a>, where she betrothed Prince Edward to <a href="/wiki/Philippa_of_Hainault" title="Philippa of Hainault">Philippa</a>, the daughter of the local Count.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She then used this money, plus an earlier loan from Charles,<sup id="cite_ref-Lord2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lord2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to raise a mercenary army and invade England, deposing her husband Edward II,<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was then murdered in 1327. Under Isabella's instruction, Edward III agreed to a peace treaty with Charles: Aquitaine would be returned to Edward, with Charles receiving 50,000 <a href="/wiki/French_livre" title="French livre">livres</a>, the territories of <a href="/wiki/Limousin_(province)" title="Limousin (province)">Limousin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quercy" title="Quercy">Quercy</a>, the Agenais, and <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9rigord" title="Périgord">Périgord</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bazas" title="Bazas">Bazas</a> county, leaving the young Edward with a much reduced territory.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revolt_in_Flanders">Revolt in Flanders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Revolt in Flanders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles faced fresh problems in <a href="/wiki/County_of_Flanders" title="County of Flanders">Flanders</a>. Louis, the Count of Flanders, ruled an "immensely wealthy state"<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that had traditionally led an autonomous existence on the edge of the French state. The French king was generally regarded as having <a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">suzerainty</a> over Flanders, but under former monarchs the relationship had become strained.<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philip V had avoided a military solution to the Flanders problem, instead enabling the succession of <a href="/wiki/Louis_I,_Count_of_Flanders" title="Louis I, Count of Flanders">Louis</a> as count – Louis was, to a great extent, already under French influence, having been brought up at the French court.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, however, Louis' clear French loyalties and lack of political links within Flanders itself began to erode his position within the county itself.<sup id="cite_ref-TeBrake_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TeBrake-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1323 a peasant revolt led by <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Zannekin" title="Nicolaas Zannekin">Nicolaas Zannekin</a> broke out, threatening the position of Louis and finally imprisoning him in <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TeBrake_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TeBrake-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles was relatively unconcerned at first, since in many ways the revolt could help the French crown by weakening the position of the Count of Flanders over the long term.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1325, however, the situation was becoming worse and Charles's stance shifted. Not only did the uprising mean that Louis could not pay Charles some of the monies due to him under previous treaties, the scale of the rebellion represented a wider threat to the feudal order in France itself, and to some it might appear that Charles was actually unable, rather than unwilling, to intervene to protect his vassal.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, France intervened. </p><p>In November 1325 Charles declared the rebels guilty of high treason and ordered them <a href="/wiki/Excommunicated" class="mw-redirect" title="Excommunicated">excommunicated</a>, mobilising an army at the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Louis pardoned the rebels and was then released, but once safely back in Paris he shifted his position and promised Charles not to agree to any separate peace treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite having amassed forces along the border, Charles's military attentions were distracted by the problems in Gascony, and he eventually chose to settle the rebellion peacefully through the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_of_Arques&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peace of Arques (page does not exist)">Peace of Arques</a> in 1326, in which Louis was only indirectly involved.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charles_and_the_Holy_Roman_Empire">Charles and the Holy Roman Empire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Charles and the Holy Roman Empire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg/220px-Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg/330px-Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg/440px-Wenceslaus_IV_Charles_V_of_France_Emperor_Charles_IV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1105" data-file-height="1202" /></a><figcaption>Charles gave his name to his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV</a>, shown here giving <a href="/wiki/Homage_(feudal)" title="Homage (feudal)">homage</a> to his patron.</figcaption></figure> <p>Charles was also responsible for shaping the life of his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV</a>. The latter, originally named Wenceslaus, came to the French court in 1323, aged seven, where he was taken under the patronage of the French king. Charles gave his nephew a particularly advanced education by the standards of the day, arranged for his marriage to <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Valois" title="Blanche of Valois">Blanche of Valois</a>, and also renamed him.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charles_and_the_Crusades">Charles and the Crusades</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Charles and the Crusades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusades</a> remained a popular cause in France during Charles's reign. His father, <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a>, had committed France to a fresh crusade and his brother, Philip V, had brought plans for a fresh invasion close to execution in 1320. Their plans were cancelled, however, leading to the informal and chaotic <a href="/wiki/Shepherds%27_Crusade_(1320)" title="Shepherds' Crusade (1320)">Shepherds' Crusade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles entrusted Charles of Valois to negotiate with <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXII" title="Pope John XXII">Pope John XXII</a> over a fresh crusade.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler1_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles, a keen crusader who took the cross in 1323, had a history of diplomatic intrigue in the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> – he had attempted to become the Byzantine emperor earlier in his career.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler2_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The negotiations floundered, however, over the Pope's concerns whether Charles IV would actually use any monies raised for a crusade for actual crusading, or whether they would be frittered away on the more general activities of the French crown.<sup id="cite_ref-Kibler2_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kibler2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charles of Valois's negotiations were also overtaken by the conflict with England over <a href="/wiki/Gascony" title="Gascony">Gascony</a>. </p><p>After the death of Charles of Valois, Charles became increasingly interested in a French intervention in <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantium</a>, taking the cross in 1326.<sup id="cite_ref-Geanakoplos_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geanakoplos-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos II Palaiologos">Andronicus II</a> responded by sending an envoy to Paris in 1327, proposing peace and discussions on <a href="/wiki/Church_union" title="Church union">ecclesiastical union</a>. A French envoy sent in return with Pope John's blessing later in the year, however, found Byzantium beset with <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_civil_war_of_1321%E2%80%931328" title="Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328">civil war</a>, and negotiations floundered.<sup id="cite_ref-Geanakoplos_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geanakoplos-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The death of Charles the next year prevented any French intervention in Byzantium.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles IV died in 1328 at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Vincennes" title="Château de Vincennes">Château de Vincennes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Val-de-Marne" title="Val-de-Marne">Val-de-Marne</a>, and is interred with his third wife, <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27%C3%89vreux" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeanne d'Évreux">Jeanne d'Évreux</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Denis_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Denis Basilica">Saint Denis Basilica</a>, with his heart buried at the now-demolished church of the <a href="/wiki/Couvent_des_Jacobins_de_la_rue_Saint-Jacques" title="Couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Jacques">Couvent des Jacobins</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. </p><p>Like his brothers before him, Charles died without a surviving male heir, thus ending the direct line of the <a href="/wiki/Capetian_dynasty" title="Capetian dynasty">Capetian dynasty</a>. Twelve years earlier, a rule against succession by women, arguably derived from the <a href="/wiki/Salic_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Salic Law">Salic Law</a>, had been recognised – with some dissent – as controlling succession to the French throne.<sup id="cite_ref-Wagner_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wagner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The application of this rule barred Charles's one-year-old daughter Mary, by Jeanne d'Évreux, from succeeding as the monarch, but Jeanne was also pregnant at the time of Charles's death. Since she might have given birth to a son, a regency was set up under the heir presumptive <a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip of Valois</a>, son of Charles of Valois and a member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a>, the next most senior branch of the Capetian dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumption1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumption1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After two months, Jeanne gave birth to another daughter, <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_France,_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans">Blanche</a>, and thus Philip became king and in May was consecrated and crowned Philip VI. <a href="/wiki/Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III of England</a> claimed, however, that although the Salic law should forbid inheritance <i>by</i> a woman, it did not forbid inheritance <i>through</i> the <a href="/wiki/Matrilineality" title="Matrilineality">matrilineal</a> line . Thus Edward III, son of Queen Isabella, wife of Edward II and daughter of Philip IV, has the right to the French throne by inheritance. Pressing the claim to the French throne eventually caused the <a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Hundred Years War">Hundred Years War</a> (1337–1453).<sup id="cite_ref-Sumption1_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumption1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_and_succession">Family and succession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Family and succession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles married three times and fathered seven legitimate children. In 1308, he married <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Burgundy" title="Blanche of Burgundy">Blanche of Burgundy</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Otto_IV,_Count_of_Burgundy" title="Otto IV, Count of Burgundy">Otto IV, Count of Burgundy</a>. The marriage was dissolved in 1322. They had two children: </p> <ol><li>Philip (January 1314 – March 1322)</li> <li>Joan (1315 – 17 May 1321).</li></ol> <p>In 1322, Charles married <a href="/wiki/Marie_of_Luxembourg,_Queen_of_France" title="Marie of Luxembourg, Queen of France">Marie of Luxembourg</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Henry_VII,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII</a>. They had two children: </p> <ol><li>Marie (born and died 1323).</li> <li>Louis (born and died March 1324).</li></ol> <p>On 5 July 1324, Charles married <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_%C3%89vreux" title="Joan of Évreux">Joan of Évreux</a> (1310–71), the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Count_of_%C3%89vreux" title="Louis, Count of Évreux">Louis, Count of Évreux</a>. Their three children were: </p> <ol><li>Jeanne (May 1326 – January 1327)</li> <li>Marie (1327 – 6 October 1341)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_France,_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans">Blanche</a> (1 April 1328 – 8 February 1393), married <a href="/wiki/Philip,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philip, Duke of Orléans">Philip, Duke of Orléans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Valois" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of Valois">Count of Valois</a>, younger son of King <a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI of France</a>, they had no children.</li></ol> <p>All but one of Charles's children died young. Only his youngest daughter, Blanche, survived to adulthood. Incidentally, Blanche was born two months after Charles died. During those two months, Charles's cousin Philip served as regent pending the birth of the child. Once a female child was born, the regent succeeded to the throne as King <a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI of France</a>, becoming the first French king from the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_fiction">In fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles is a character in <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Rois_maudits" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Rois maudits">Les Rois maudits</a></i> (<i>The Accursed Kings</i>), a series of French <a href="/wiki/Historical_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical novel">historical novels</a> by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Druon" title="Maurice Druon">Maurice Druon</a>. He was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Gilles_B%C3%A9hat" title="Gilles Béhat">Gilles Béhat</a> in the 1972 French <a href="/wiki/Miniseries" title="Miniseries">miniseries</a> adaptation of the series, and by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aymeric_Demarigny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aymeric Demarigny (page does not exist)">Aymeric Demarigny</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymeric_Demarigny" class="extiw" title="fr:Aymeric Demarigny">fr</a>]</span> in the 2005 adaptation.<sup id="cite_ref-Rois_2005_Official_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rois_2005_Official-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rois_2005_AlloCiné_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rois_2005_AlloCiné-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestry">Ancestry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886387087">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Charles IV of France</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX of France</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme83_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme83-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_France" title="Philip III of France">Philip III of France</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme87_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme87-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">9. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Provence" title="Margaret of Provence">Margaret of Provence</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme83_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme83-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV of France</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_Aragon" title="James I of Aragon">James I of Aragon</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme87_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme87-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_France" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France">Isabella of Aragon</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme87_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme87-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">11. <a href="/wiki/Violant_of_Hungary" title="Violant of Hungary">Violant of Hungary</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme87_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme87-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fcc;">1. <b>Charles IV of France</b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Theobald_I_of_Navarre" title="Theobald I of Navarre">Theobald I of Navarre</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bulletin1855_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulletin1855-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">6. <a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_Navarre" title="Henry I of Navarre">Henry I of Navarre</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme90_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme90-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">13. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Bourbon,_Queen_of_Navarre" title="Margaret of Bourbon, Queen of Navarre">Margaret of Bourbon</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bulletin1855_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulletin1855-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Joan_I_of_Navarre" title="Joan I of Navarre">Joan I of Navarre</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">14. <a href="/wiki/Robert_I,_Count_of_Artois" title="Robert I, Count of Artois">Robert I, Count of Artois</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme381_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme381-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">7. <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_Artois" title="Blanche of Artois">Blanche of Artois</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme90_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme90-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">15. <a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Brabant" class="mw-redirect" title="Matilda of Brabant">Matilda of Brabant</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anselme381_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anselme381-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The first French king to assume a <a href="/wiki/Regnal_number" title="Regnal number">regnal number</a> was <a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a>, in 1364.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrunel2007" class="citation journal cs1">Brunel, Ghislain (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23408518">"Les cisterciens et Charles V"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_l%27histoire_de_France" title="Société de l'histoire de France">Société de l'histoire de France</a></i>: 79. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23408518">23408518</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+de+l%27histoire+de+France&rft.atitle=Les+cisterciens+et+Charles+V&rft.pages=79&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23408518%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Brunel&rft.aufirst=Ghislain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23408518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kibler1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler1_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encarta2008-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-encarta2008_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encarta2008_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Charles IV (of France)". <i>Encarta</i>. Microsoft Corporation. 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charles+IV+%28of+France%29&rft.btitle=Encarta&rft.pub=Microsoft+Corporation&rft.date=2008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sumption, p.101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sumption-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sumption_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sumption_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sumption_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sumption, p.97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Williams-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Williams_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Echols and Williams, p.87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Echols and Williams, p.328.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lord2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lord2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lord2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord, p.47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lord-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lord_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lord_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lord_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord, p.48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.210.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wagner-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wagner_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wagner_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wagner, p.250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nirenberg, p.55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hassall, p.99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.201; Nirenberg, p.67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holmes-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Holmes, p.16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neillands, p.30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neillands, p.31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holmes, p.16; Kibler, p.201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.314.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ainsworth, p.3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lord1-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lord1_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lord1_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord, p.46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.314; Sumption, p.98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarrow1988" class="citation book cs1">Barrow, Geoffrey W.S. (1988). <i>Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland</i>. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press. p. 251, 259. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85224-604-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85224-604-8"><bdi>0-85224-604-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+Bruce+and+the+Community+of+the+Realm+of+Scotland&rft.place=Edinburgh%2C+Scotland&rft.pages=251%2C+259&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-85224-604-8&rft.aulast=Barrow&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+W.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kibler-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.477.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neillands, p.32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TeBrake-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TeBrake_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TeBrake_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TeBrake, p.98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vauchez, Dobson and Lapidge, p.288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Housley, p.22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kibler2-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler2_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kibler2_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kibler, p.206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geanakoplos-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Geanakoplos_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geanakoplos_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Geanakoplos, p.48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geanakoplos, p.49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sumption1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sumption1_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sumption1_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sumption, p.106.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rois_2005_Official-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rois_2005_Official_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090815115847/http://les-rois-maudits.france2.fr/">"Official website: <i>Les Rois maudits</i> (2005 miniseries)"</a> (in French). 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://les-rois-maudits.france2.fr/">the original</a> on 15 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+website%3A+Les+Rois+maudits+%282005+miniseries%29&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fles-rois-maudits.france2.fr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rois_2005_AlloCiné-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rois_2005_AlloCiné_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141219202458/http://www.allocine.fr/series/ficheserie-545/casting/saison-1659/">"<i>Les Rois maudits</i>: Casting de la saison 1"</a> (in French). <a href="/wiki/AlloCin%C3%A9" title="AlloCiné">AlloCiné</a>. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allocine.fr/series/ficheserie-545/casting/saison-1659/">the original</a> on 19 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Les+Rois+maudits%3A+Casting+de+la+saison+1&rft.pub=AlloCin%C3%A9&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allocine.fr%2Fseries%2Fficheserie-545%2Fcasting%2Fsaison-1659%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anselme87-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme87_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme87_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme87_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme87_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anselme, pp. 87–88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anselme90-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme90_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme90_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anselme, p. 90</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anselme83-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme83_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme83_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anselme, pp. 83–85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bulletin1855-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bulletin1855_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bulletin1855_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OKcNAAAAIAAJ"><i>Bulletin de la Société de l'histoire de France</i></a> (in French). J. Renouard. 1855. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OKcNAAAAIAAJ/page/n105">98</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bulletin+de+la+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+de+l%27histoire+de+France&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=J.+Renouard&rft.date=1855&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_OKcNAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anselme381-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme381_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anselme381_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anselme, pp. 381–382</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_France&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_IV_of_France" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Charles IV of France">Charles IV of France</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Ainsworth, Peter. <i>Representing Royalty: Kings, Queens and Captains in Some Early Fifteenth Century Manuscripts of Froissart's Chroniques.</i> in Kooper (ed) 2006.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnselme1726" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Anselme de Sainte-Marie, Père (1726). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n9lEAAAAcAAJ"><i>Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France</i></a> [<i>Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of France</i>] (in French). Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Paris: La compagnie des libraires.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9alogique+et+chronologique+de+la+maison+royale+de+France&rft.place=Paris&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=La+compagnie+des+libraires&rft.date=1726&rft.aulast=Anselme+de+Sainte-Marie&rft.aufirst=P%C3%A8re&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn9lEAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Echols, Anne and Marty Williams. (1992) <i>An Annotated Index of Medieval Women.</i> Princeton: Markus Wiener.</li> <li>Geanakoplos, Deno. (1975) <i>Byzantium and the Crusades: 1261–1354.</i> in Hazard (ed) 1975.</li> <li>Given-Wilson, Chris and Nigel Saul (eds). (2002) <i>Fourteenth Century England, Volume 2.</i> Woodridge: Boydell Press.</li> <li>Hassall, Arthur. (2009) <i>France Mediaeval and Modern: a History.</i> BiblioBazaar.</li> <li>Hazard, Harry H. (ed), (1975) <i>A History of the Crusades: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, Volume 3.</i> Wisconsin: Wisconsin Press.</li> <li>Holmes, George. (2000) <i>Europe, Hierarchy and Revolt, 1320–1450, 2nd edition.</i> Oxford: Blackwell.</li> <li>Housley, Norman. (1986) <i>The Avignon papacy and the Crusades, 1305–1378.</i> Oxford: Clarendon Press.</li> <li>Kibler, William W. (1995) <i>Medieval France: an Encyclopedia.</i> London: Routledge.</li> <li>Kooper, Erik (ed). (2006) <i>The Medieval Chronicle IV.</i> Amsterdam: Rodopi.</li> <li>Lord, Carla. (2002) <i>Queen Isabella at the Court of France.</i> in Given-Wilson and Saul (eds) (2002).</li> <li>Neillands, Robin. (2001) <i>The Hundred Years War.</i> London: Routledge.</li> <li>Nirenberg, David. (1996) <i>Communities of Violence: Persecution of Minorities in the Middle Ages.</i> Princeton: Princeton University Press.</li> <li>Sumption, Jonathan. (1999) <i>The Hundred Years War: Trial by Battle.</i> Philadelphia: Pennsylvania University Press.</li> <li>TeBrake, William Henry. (1994) <i>A Plague of Insurrection: Popular Politics and Peasant Revolt in Flanders, 1323–1328.</i> Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.</li> <li>Vauchez, André, Richard Barrie Dobson and Michael Lapidge. (2000) <i>Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages, Volume 1.</i> Cambridge: James Clark.</li> <li>Wagner, John. A. (2006) <i>Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War.</i> Westport: Greenwood Press.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Charles IV of France </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> c. 1294</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 1 February 1328</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V & II</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="King of France">King of France</a> </b><br />1322 – 1328 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI</a> </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Navarre" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Navarre">King of Navarre</a> </b><br />1322 – 1328 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joan_II_of_Navarre" title="Joan II of Navarre">Joan II</a> &<br /><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Navarre" title="Philip III of Navarre">Philip III</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/French_nobility" title="French nobility">French nobility</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Guy_of_Lusignan,_Count_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Guy of Lusignan, Count of Angoulême">Guy of Lusignan</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Count_of_La_Marche" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of La Marche">Count of La Marche</a> </b><br />1314 – 1322 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_France" title="John II of France">John II</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Monarchs of France</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs" title="Family tree of French monarchs">Detailed family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_tree_of_French_monarchs_(simple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family tree of French monarchs (simple)">Simplified family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Frankish_kings" title="List of Frankish kings">List of Frankish kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">List of French monarchs</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Merovingian_dynasty" title="Merovingian dynasty">Merovingians</a> (509–751)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Clovis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">Childebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_I" title="Chlothar I">Chlothar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charibert_I" title="Charibert I">Charibert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntram" title="Guntram">Guntram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_I" title="Chilperic I">Chilperic I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_I" title="Sigebert I">Sigebert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_II" title="Childebert II">Childebert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_II" title="Chlothar II">Chlothar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_I" title="Dagobert I">Dagobert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigebert_II" title="Sigebert II">Sigebert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_II" title="Clovis II">Clovis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_III" title="Chlothar III">Chlothar III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_II" title="Childeric II">Childeric II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_III" title="Theuderic III">Theuderic III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_IV" title="Clovis IV">Clovis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childebert_III" title="Childebert III">Childebert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagobert_III" title="Dagobert III">Dagobert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilperic_II" title="Chilperic II">Chilperic II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlothar_IV" title="Chlothar IV">Chlothar IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theuderic_IV" title="Theuderic IV">Theuderic IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childeric_III" title="Childeric III">Childeric III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingians</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Robertians" title="Robertians">Robertians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bosonids" title="Bosonids">Bosonids</a> (751–987)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pepin_the_Short" title="Pepin the Short">Pepin the Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_I" title="Carloman I">Carloman I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> (Charles I)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bald" title="Charles the Bald">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Stammerer" title="Louis the Stammerer">Louis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_III_of_France" title="Louis III of France">Louis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_II" title="Carloman II">Carloman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Fat" title="Charles the Fat">Charles the Fat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odo_of_France" title="Odo of France">Odo</a><sup><i>R</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Simple" title="Charles the Simple">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_I_of_France" title="Robert I of France">Robert I</a><sup><i>R</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_of_France" title="Rudolph of France">Rudolph</a><sup><i>B</i></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV_of_France" title="Louis IV of France">Louis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_of_France" title="Lothair of France">Lothair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_V_of_France" title="Louis V of France">Louis V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a> (987–1328)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Capet" title="Hugh Capet">Hugh Capet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_II_of_France" title="Robert II of France">Robert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_France" title="Henry I of France">Henry I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_France" title="Philip I of France">Philip I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VI_of_France" title="Louis VI of France">Louis VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VII_of_France" title="Louis VII of France">Louis VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VIII_of_France" title="Louis VIII of France">Louis VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_France" title="Philip III of France">Philip III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_France" title="John I of France">John I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip V</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> (1328–1589)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_VI_of_France" title="Philip VI of France">Philip VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_France" title="John II of France">John II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_of_France" title="Charles VI of France">Charles VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII_of_France" title="Charles VII of France">Charles VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI" title="Louis XI">Louis XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII" title="Louis XII">Louis XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_France" title="Henry II of France">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lancaster" title="House of Lancaster">House of Lancaster</a></i> <i>(1422–1453)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1589–1792)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVII" title="Louis XVII">Louis XVII</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> (1804–1814; 1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_II" title="Napoleon II">Napoleon II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1814–1815; 1815–1830)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Louis XIX</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henri,_Count_of_Chambord" title="Henri, Count of Chambord">Henry V</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a> (1830–1848)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_Philippe,_Count_of_Paris" title="Prince Philippe, Count of Paris">Louis Philippe II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> (1852–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Debatable or disputed rulers are in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Navarre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navarrese_monarchs" title="Template:Navarrese monarchs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navarrese_monarchs" title="Template talk:Navarrese monarchs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navarrese_monarchs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navarrese monarchs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Navarre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Navarrese_monarchs" title="List of Navarrese monarchs">Monarchs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of Íñiguez</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8D%C3%B1igo_Arista_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="Íñigo Arista of Pamplona">Íñigo Arista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_%C3%8D%C3%B1iguez_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="García Íñiguez of Pamplona">García Íñiguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort%C3%BAn_Garc%C3%A9s_of_Pamplona" title="Fortún Garcés of Pamplona">Fortún Garcés</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jim%C3%A9nez_dynasty" title="Jiménez dynasty">House of Jiménez</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho I of Pamplona">Sancho I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimeno_Garc%C3%A9s_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimeno Garcés of Pamplona">Jimeno Garcés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_S%C3%A1nchez_I_of_Pamplona" title="García Sánchez I of Pamplona">García Sánchez I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_II_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho II of Pamplona">Sancho II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_S%C3%A1nchez_II_of_Pamplona" title="García Sánchez II of Pamplona">García Sánchez II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_III_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho III of Pamplona">Sancho III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_S%C3%A1nchez_III_of_Pamplona" title="García Sánchez III of Pamplona">García Sánchez III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_IV_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho IV of Pamplona">Sancho IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Sancho Ramírez">Sancho V</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_of_Aragon_and_Pamplona" title="Peter I of Aragon and Pamplona">Peter I</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_the_Battler" title="Alfonso the Battler">Alfonso I</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_Ram%C3%ADrez_of_Navarre" title="García Ramírez of Navarre">García Ramírez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_VI_of_Navarre" title="Sancho VI of Navarre">Sancho VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_VII_of_Navarre" title="Sancho VII of Navarre">Sancho VII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Champagne" title="Count of Champagne">House of Champagne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_I_of_Navarre" title="Theobald I of Navarre">Theobald I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_II_of_Navarre" title="Theobald II of Navarre">Theobald II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_Navarre" title="Henry I of Navarre">Henry I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_I_of_Navarre" title="Joan I of Navarre">Joan I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_France" title="John I of France">John I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip II</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_II_of_Navarre" title="Joan II of Navarre">Joan II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_%C3%89vreux" title="House of Évreux">House of Évreux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Navarre" title="Philip III of Navarre">Philip III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Navarre" title="Charles II of Navarre">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Navarre" title="Charles III of Navarre">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_I_of_Navarre" title="Blanche I of Navarre">Blanche I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Trast%C3%A1mara" title="House of Trastámara">House of Trastámara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Aragon" title="John II of Aragon">John II</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Viana" title="Charles, Prince of Viana">Charles IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blanche_II_of_Navarre" title="Blanche II of Navarre">Blanche II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Navarre" title="Eleanor of Navarre">Eleanor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Foix" title="Count of Foix">House of Foix</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Phoebus" title="Francis Phoebus">Francis Phoebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Navarre" title="Catherine of Navarre">Catherine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Albret" title="Albret">House of Albret</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Navarre" title="John III of Navarre">John III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Albret" title="Albret">House of Albret</a> - Lower Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre" title="Henry II of Navarre">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Albret" title="Jeanne d'Albret">Joan III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> - Lower Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_of_Navarre" title="Antoine of Navarre">Antoine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry III</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis II</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis III</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis IV</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis V</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis VI</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles V</a><sup>F</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Trast%C3%A1mara" title="House of Trastámara">House of Trastámara</a> - Upper Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand I</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joan III</a><sup>S</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> - Upper Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip IV</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip V</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip VI</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles V</a><sup>S</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> - Upper Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip VII</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Spain" title="Louis I of Spain">Louis II</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI" title="Ferdinand VI">Ferdinand II</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles VI</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_Spain" title="Charles IV of Spain">Charles VII</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand III</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_II" title="Isabella II">Isabella I</a><sup>S</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>A</sup>Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Aragonese_monarchs" title="List of Aragonese monarchs">King of Aragon</a>. <sup>F</sup>Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">King of France</a>. <sup>S</sup>Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="List of Spanish monarchs">King/Queen of Spain</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174964#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174964#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174964#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000392153671">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/286163761">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1947448/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjMyWQkpGqTvqjbWdXDbd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/137844662">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2014008209">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12350831g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12350831g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Charles IV <re di Francia>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/SBNV080612">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p181269619">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/157925">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007462036905171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512387806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500475813">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd137844662.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/137844662">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/152516212">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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