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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaliyomo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Matumizi_kwa_manufaa_ya_kibinadamu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matumizi_kwa_manufaa_ya_kibinadamu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Matumizi kwa manufaa ya kibinadamu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matumizi_kwa_manufaa_ya_kibinadamu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tazama_pia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tazama_pia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tazama pia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tazama_pia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maelezo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maelezo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Maelezo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maelezo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marejeo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Marejeo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marejeo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maji ya chumvi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 43 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 43</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soutwater" title="Soutwater – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Soutwater" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD" title="ماء مالح – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماء مالح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A8r_asin" title="Aèr asin – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Aèr asin" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B2" title="লবণাক্ত জল – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লবণাক্ত জল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%B9%E1%8E%AD_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%B9" title="ᎠᎹᎭ ᎠᎹ – Kicherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎹᎭ ᎠᎹ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Kicherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltvand" title="Saltvand – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Saltvand" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzwasser" title="Salzwasser – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salzwasser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BC%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8C_%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C" title="Αλμυρό νερό – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλμυρό νερό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_water" title="Saline water – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Saline water" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salakvo" title="Salakvo – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salakvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agua_salada" title="Agua salada – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Agua salada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soolane_vesi" title="Soolane vesi – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Soolane vesi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ur_gazi" title="Ur gazi – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ur gazi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A8_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1" title="آب شور – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آب شور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A0l" title="Sàl – Kigaeli cha Uskoti" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sàl" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Kigaeli cha Uskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2" title="खारा जल – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खारा जल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_asin" title="Air asin – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Air asin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltvatn" title="Saltvatn – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Saltvatn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%A1%A9%E6%B0%B4" title="食塩水 – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="食塩水" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uway_Hasin" title="Uway Hasin – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Uway Hasin" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%83" title="Тұзды су – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұзды су" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EA%B8%88%EB%AC%BC" title="소금물 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소금물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_salsa" title="Aqua salsa – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aqua salsa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaatwater" title="Zaatwater – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zaatwater" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%81%C4%BC%C5%ABdens" title="Sāļūdens – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sāļūdens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Солена вода – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Солена вода" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_masin" title="Air masin – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Air masin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soltwater" title="Soltwater – Kisaksoni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Soltwater" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Kisaksoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zout_water" title="Zout water – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zout water" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltvatn" title="Saltvatn – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Saltvatn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81gua_salina" title="Água salina – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Água salina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kachi_yaku" title="Kachi yaku – Kikechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kachi yaku" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kikechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C4%83_s%C4%83rat%C4%83" title="Apă sărată – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Apă sărată" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Минерализованная вода – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Минерализованная вода" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_water" title="Salt water – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Salt water" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltvatten" title="Saltvatten – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Saltvatten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="น้ำเกลือ – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="น้ำเกลือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuzlu_su" title="Tuzlu su – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tuzlu su" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Солоні води – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Солоні води" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="نمکین پانی – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نمکین پانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_m%E1%BA%B7n" title="Nước mặn – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nước mặn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BD%E6%B0%B4" title="鹽水 – Kichina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鹽水" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kichina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B9%BD%E6%B0%B4" title="鹽水 – Kikantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鹽水" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kikantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q496805#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maji_ya_chumvi" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG/300px-DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG/450px-DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG/600px-DeadSea_from_Jordan_Area_001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Watu wanaelea kwenye maji ya chumvi kali ya <a href="/wiki/Bahari_ya_Chumvi" title="Bahari ya Chumvi">Bahari ya Chumvi</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Sea_water_Virgo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photo of surf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sea_water_Virgo.jpg/220px-Sea_water_Virgo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sea_water_Virgo.jpg/330px-Sea_water_Virgo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sea_water_Virgo.jpg/440px-Sea_water_Virgo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Maji ya bahari katika Mlango wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malacca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malacca (bado haujaandikwa)">Malacca</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Maji ya chumvi</b> ni <a href="/wiki/Maji" title="Maji">maji</a> yenye kiasi cha <a href="/wiki/Myeyusho" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeyusho">myeyusho</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Chumvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Chumvi">chumvi</a> ndani yake. Kwa kawaida kila aina ya maji huwa na kiwango cha chumvi iliyoyeyushwa. Mwili wa binadamu huwa na kiasi cha chumvi ndani yake kwa hiyo hatusikii chumvi kidogo katika maji au chakula. </p><p>Wataalamu mara nyingi hutaja kiwango cha 0.1 % kuwa maji matamu, kiwango juu ya 1% - 1.5% kuwa maji ya chumvi, na hali ya kati kuwa maji ya chumvi kidogo. Maji ya kunywa yasiwe na zaidi ya gramu 1 chumvi kwa kila lita<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Asilimia kubwa cha maji duniani inapatikana kwa umbo la maji ya chumvi kwa sababu <a href="/wiki/Bahari_kuu" title="Bahari kuu">bahari kuu</a> ya dunia ina karibu maji yote ya duniani. Maji ya bahari huwa na kiwango cha chumvi cha asilimia 3,5 iliyoyeyushwa ndani yake. Kiwango hiki kinatofautiana kidogo na mazingira. Katika <a href="/wiki/Tabianchi" title="Tabianchi">tabianchi</a> ya joto <a href="/wiki/Uvukizaji" title="Uvukizaji">uvukizaji</a> ni kubwa zaidi; maji ya uso wa bahari yanavukiza lakini chumvi inabaki hivyo kiwango cha chumvi ni juu kidogo. Karibu na midomo ya mito maji matamu huchanganywa na maji ya bahari kwa hiyo kiwango cha chumvi inaweza kupungua. </p><p>Kwa wastani, maji katika bahari ya dunia ina <a href="/wiki/Chumvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Chumvi">chumvi</a> kwa karibu 3.5% (35 g / L, 599 mM). Hii ina maana kwamba kila <a href="/wiki/Kilogramu" title="Kilogramu">kilogramu</a> (<i>takriban sawa na <a href="/wiki/Lita" title="Lita">lita</a> moja</i>) cha maji ya bahari ina takriban 35 gramu (1.2 oz) ya chumvi zilizoharibiwa (Zaidi ya <a href="/wiki/Sodiamu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodiamu">sodiamu</a> (Na+) Na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kloridi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kloridi (bado haujaandikwa)">kloridi</a> (Cl-) Ions). Wastani wa wiani juu ya uso ni 1.025 kg / L. Maji ya <a href="/wiki/Bahari" title="Bahari">bahari</a> ni denser kuliko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_safi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maji safi (bado haujaandikwa)">maji safi</a> na maji safi yana (<i>wiani 1.0 kg / L saa 4 ° C (39 ° F)</i>) kwa sababu chumvi zilizoharibiwa huongeza wingi kwa kiasi kikubwa. Sehemu ya kufungia ya maji ya bahari inapungua kama ongezeko la chumvi linapo ongezeka. Katika salinity ya kawaida, inafungia saa 2 ° C (28 ° F). Maji ya bahari ya baridi (<i>katika hali ya kioevu</i>) ilikuwa mwaka 2010, katika mkondo chini ya glacier ya Antarctic, na kipimo cha -2.6 ° C (27.3 ° F). Maji ya bahari ya pH ni kawaida kwa kiwango cha kati ya 7.5 na 8.4. Hata hivyo, hakuna kiwango cha pH kinachokubaliwa kwa kiwango kikubwa kwa maji ya bahari na tofauti kati ya vipimo kulingana na mizani tofauti ya kumbukumbu inaweza kuwa hadi vipimo 0.14. </p><p>Kuna maziwa kadhaa ambako kiwango cha chumvi kiko juu sana. Mfano mashuhuri ni <a href="/wiki/Bahari_ya_Chumvi" title="Bahari ya Chumvi">Bahari ya Chumvi</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yenye kiwango cha chumvi ya 28%. Maziwa kadhaa huwa na viwango vya juu zaidi. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Matumizi_kwa_manufaa_ya_kibinadamu">Matumizi kwa manufaa ya kibinadamu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Hariri sehemu: Matumizi kwa manufaa ya kibinadamu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Matumizi kwa manufaa ya kibinadamu"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Matumizi ya maji ya chumvi ni zaidi ya bahari yaani kwa usafiri wa <a href="/wiki/Meli" title="Meli">meli</a> na <a href="/wiki/Uvuvi" title="Uvuvi">uvuvi</a>. Matumizi kwenye nchi kavu si kubwa sana. Haifai kwa kilimo kwa sababu mimea ya bara hawezi kumwagiliwa kwa maji ya chumvi. Matumizi ni hasa kusafisha udongo na miamba inayochimbwa kwenye <a href="/wiki/Migodi" class="mw-redirect" title="Migodi">migodi</a> halafu kupoza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vituo_vya_nguvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vituo vya nguvu (bado haujaandikwa)">vituo vya nguvu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tazama_pia">Tazama pia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Hariri sehemu: Tazama pia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tazama pia"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maji" title="Maji">Maji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maji_matamu" title="Maji matamu">Maji matamu</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maelezo">Maelezo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Hariri sehemu: Maelezo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Maelezo"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/protecting+public+health/water+quality/salinity+and+drinking+water">Salinity and drinking water </a>, tovuti ya serikali ya Australia Kusini, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ziwa hili lagawiwa kati ya Yordani, Israeli na mamlaka ya Palestina</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marejeo">Marejeo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Hariri sehemu: Marejeo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>hariri</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Marejeo"><span>hariri chanzo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://water.usgs.gov/edu/salineuses.html">Saline Water Use</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rudishwa kutoka "<a dir="ltr" href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&oldid=1315334">https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maji_ya_chumvi&oldid=1315334</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:Jamii" title="Maalum:Jamii">Jamii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamii:Maji" title="Jamii:Maji">Maji</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ukurasa huu umebadilishwa kwa mara ya mwisho tarehe 31 Desemba 2023, saa 06:10.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Maandishi yanapatikana chini ya leseni ya <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; matakwa mengine yanaweza kutakiwa. 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