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<li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beginning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Beginning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peronism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peronism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Peronism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peronism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_Organization_until_1955" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_Organization_until_1955"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Party Organization until 1955</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_Organization_until_1955-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ideology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ideology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Electoral history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presidential_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Presidential elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Congressional_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Congressional_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Congressional elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Congressional_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chamber_of_Deputies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chamber_of_Deputies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Chamber of Deputies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chamber_of_Deputies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senate_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senate_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Senate elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senate_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الحزب العدلي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحزب العدلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хустысіялісцкая партыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хустысіялісцкая партыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_Justicialista" title="Partit Justicialista – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justicialistick%C3%A1_strana" title="Justicialistická strana – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Justicialistická strana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alderdi_Justizialista" title="Alderdi Justizialista – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alderdi Justizialista" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86" title="حزب عدالت گرا آرژانتین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب عدالت گرا آرژانتین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_justicialiste" title="Parti justicialiste – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti justicialiste" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%98%EB%8B%B9_(%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%97%A8%ED%8B%B0%EB%82%98)" title="정의당 (아르헨티나) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="정의당 (아르헨티나)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justicialist_Party" title="Justicialist Party – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Justicialist Party" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9ttl%C3%A6tisflokkurinn_(Argent%C3%ADna)" title="Réttlætisflokkurinn (Argentína) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Réttlætisflokkurinn (Argentína)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Giustizialista" title="Partito Giustizialista – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Giustizialista" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="המפלגה החוסטיסיאליסטית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המפלגה החוסטיסיאליסטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ხუსტისიალისტური პარტია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხუსტისიალისტური პარტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taisn%C4%ABguma_partija_(Argent%C4%ABna)" title="Taisnīguma partija (Argentīna) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Taisnīguma partija (Argentīna)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igazs%C3%A1goss%C3%A1g_P%C3%A1rt" title="Igazságosság Párt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Igazságosság Párt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ხუსტისიალისტური პარტია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ხუსტისიალისტური პარტია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%89" title="الحزب العدلى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الحزب العدلى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9%E5%85%9A" title="正義党 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="正義党" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partia_Justycjalistyczna" title="Partia Justycjalistyczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Partia Justycjalistyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Хустисиалистская партия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хустисиалистская партия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justicialist_Party" title="Justicialist Party – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Justicialist Party" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justicialistick%C3%A1_strana" title="Justicialistická strana – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Justicialistická strana" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Justicialista" title="Partido Justicialista – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Partido Justicialista" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adalet%C3%A7i_Parti" title="Adaletçi Parti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Adaletçi Parti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хустисіалістська партія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хустисіалістська партія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E5%85%9A%EF%BC%88%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7%EF%BC%89" title="正义党（阿根廷） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="正义党（阿根廷）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E5%85%9A_(%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7)" title="正义党 (阿根廷) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="正义党 (阿根廷)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Justicialist_Party&params=34_36_40.5_S_58_24_0.5_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°36′40.5″S</span> <span class="longitude">58°24′0.5″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.611250°S 58.400139°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.611250; -58.400139</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in Argentina</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #318CE7; border-bottom:2px solid #318CE7; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Justicialist Party</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname">Partido Justicialista</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg/180px-Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg/270px-Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg/360px-Logo_of_the_Justicialist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="159" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">PJ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">President</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a><sup id="cite_ref-telamcfk_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telamcfk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Vice-President</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mayans" title="José Mayans">José Mayans</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Senate leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mayans" title="José Mayans">José Mayans</a> (<a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">UP</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Chamber leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A1n_Mart%C3%ADnez_(Argentine_politician)" title="Germán Martínez (Argentine politician)">Germán Martínez</a> (<a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">UP</a>)<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eva_Per%C3%B3n" title="Eva Perón">Eva Perón</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">21 July 1946<span class="noprint">; 78 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1946-07-21</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Merger of</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Argentina)" title="Labour Party (Argentina)">Labour Party</a><br /> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_C%C3%ADvica_Radical_Junta_Renovadora" class="extiw" title="es:Unión Cívica Radical Junta Renovadora">UCR Board Renewal</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(Argentina)" title="Independent Party (Argentina)">Independent Party</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">130 Matheu Street<br /><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Student_wing" title="Student wing">Student wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juventud_Universitaria_Peronista" class="extiw" title="es:Juventud Universitaria Peronista">Peronist University Youth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juventud_Peronista" class="extiw" title="es:Juventud Peronista">Peronist Youth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">3,204,329<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peronism" title="Peronism">Peronism</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Catch-all_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catch-all politics">Catch-all politics</a><sup id="cite_ref-catch_me_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catch_me-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Centre-left_politics" title="Centre-left politics">Centre-left</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="ref_A" class="reference"><a href="#cnote_A">[A]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">National affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">Union for the Homeland</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Continental affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democrat_Organization_of_America" title="Christian Democrat Organization of America">Christian Democrat Organization of America</a><sup id="cite_ref-ChristianDemocracy_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChristianDemocracy-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Forum" title="São Paulo Forum">São Paulo Forum</a><br /><a href="/wiki/COPPPAL" title="COPPPAL">COPPPAL</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#318ce7; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Light_blue" title="Light blue">Light blue</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/White" title="White">White</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Anthem</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">"<a href="/wiki/Peronist_March" title="Peronist March">Peronist March</a>"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Senate" title="Argentine Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">31 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in the <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Argentine Chamber of Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">100 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 39%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors in Argentina">Governors</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Election symbol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3b/Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg/50px-Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3b/Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg/75px-Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3b/Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg/100px-Justicialist_Party_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="388" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg/180px-Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg/270px-Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg/360px-Flag_of_Justicialist_Party_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="329" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pj.org.ar/">pj.org.ar</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #318CE7;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Argentina" title="Politics of Argentina">Politics of Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Argentina" title="List of political parties in Argentina">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Argentina" title="Elections in Argentina">Elections</a></li></ul></div><hr /><span id="cnote_A"><b><a href="#ref_A">^</a></b></span> <b>A:</b> The party has been described as <a href="/wiki/Catch-all_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catch-all politics">catch-all</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-catch_me_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catch_me-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Syncretic_politics" title="Syncretic politics">syncretic</a> or a "<a href="/wiki/Third_way" class="mw-redirect" title="Third way">third way</a>" party,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as centre-left,<sup id="cite_ref-cupples_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cupples-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> left-wing,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and leftist.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />This diversity in classifying the Justicialist Party is caused by Peronism historically stretching from far-left to far-right views.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party is classified as centre-left or left-wing because of the dominating position of Kirchnerism; <a href="/wiki/Steven_Levitsky" title="Steven Levitsky">Steven Levitsky</a> notes that under Kirchnerism, the party "shifted programmatically to the left".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lastly, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a>, the founder of the Peronist movement, is considered to have been ideologically left-wing.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Justicialist Party</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Partido Justicialista</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[paɾˈtiðo<span class="wrap"> </span>xustisjaˈlista]</a></span>; abbr. <b>PJ</b>) is a major political party in <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, and the largest branch within <a href="/wiki/Peronism" title="Peronism">Peronism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/2023_Argentine_general_election" title="2023 Argentine general election">2023 presidential election</a>, it has been the largest party in the opposition against President <a href="/wiki/Javier_Milei" title="Javier Milei">Javier Milei</a>. </p><p>Founded by <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lady of Argentina">First Lady</a> <a href="/wiki/Eva_Per%C3%B3n" title="Eva Perón">Eva Perón</a>, it was previously called the <b>Peronist Party</b> after its founder. Under Perón, the party followed a left-wing agenda based on his policies.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is overall the largest party in <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="National Congress of Argentina">Congress</a>, but the party's factual position was undermined by divisions that emerged in the 1990s and lasted until 2020. The PJ was rocked by a conflict between two Peronist tendencies, <a href="/wiki/Kirchnerism" title="Kirchnerism">Kirchnerism</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the main, <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">left-wing populist</a> faction of the party,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Peronism" title="Federal Peronism">Federal Peronism</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was located on the <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">centre</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">centre-right</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the political spectrum. The division ended with the failure of Federal Peronism to challenge the dominating Kirchnerist faction in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-garriga_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garriga-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-medina_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medina-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was completed by <a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a>, the icon of Kirchnerism, being elected the leader of the party,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the creation of a separate dissident party - the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Consensus" title="Federal Consensus">Federal Consensus</a>. </p><p>Aside Juan Perón, who governed Argentina on three occasions from 1946 to 1955 and later from 1973 to 1974, eleven presidents of Argentina have belonged to the Justicialist Party: <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_C%C3%A1mpora" class="mw-redirect" title="Héctor Cámpora">Héctor Cámpora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alberto_Lastiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Raúl Alberto Lastiri">Raúl Alberto Lastiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Per%C3%B3n" title="Isabel Perón">Isabel Perón</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Puerta" title="Ramón Puerta">Ramón Puerta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Sa%C3%A1" title="Adolfo Rodríguez Saá">Adolfo Rodríguez Saá</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Cama%C3%B1o" title="Eduardo Camaño">Eduardo Camaño</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a>. Justicialists have been the largest party in <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="National Congress of Argentina">Congress</a> almost consistently since 1987. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg/240px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Justicialist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="743" /></a><figcaption>First emblem of the Peronist Party, used from 1946 to 1955</figcaption></figure> <p>The Justicialist Party was founded in 1946 by <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eva_Per%C3%B3n" title="Eva Perón">Eva Perón</a>, uniting the Labour Party, the Radical Civic Union Renewal Board and the Independent Party, the three parties that had supported Peron in the election. After the enactment of women's suffrage, the <a href="/wiki/Female_Peronist_Party" title="Female Peronist Party">Female Peronist Party</a>, led by the First Lady, was also established. All Peronist entities were banned from elections after 1955, when the <i><a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_Libertadora" title="Revolución Libertadora">Revolución Libertadora</a></i> overthrew Perón, and civilian governments' attempt to lift Peronism's ban from legislative and local elections in 1962 and 1965 resulted in military coups.<sup id="cite_ref-crassweller_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crassweller-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Basing itself on the policies espoused by Perón as Argentine president, the party's platform has from its inception centered on <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populism</a>, and its most consistent base of support has historically been the <a href="/wiki/General_Confederation_of_Labour_(Argentina)" title="General Confederation of Labour (Argentina)">General Confederation of Labor</a>, Argentina's largest trade union. Perón ordered the mass <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalization</a> of <a href="/wiki/Public_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Public services">public services</a>, strategic industries, and the critical farm export sector; enacted progressive labor laws and social reforms; and accelerated public works investment.<sup id="cite_ref-crassweller_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crassweller-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His tenure also favored <a href="/wiki/Technical_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical school">technical schools</a>, harassed university staff, and promoted urbanization as it raised taxes on the <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Argentina" title="Agriculture in Argentina">agrarian sector</a>. Those trends earned Peronism the loyalty of much of the working and lower classes but helped alienate the upper and middle classes of society. Censorship and repression intensified, and following his loss of support from the influential <a href="/wiki/Church-state_relations_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Church-state relations in Argentina">Argentine Catholic Church</a>, Perón was ultimately deposed in <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_Libertadora" title="Revolución Libertadora">a violent 1955 coup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-crassweller_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crassweller-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The alignment of groups as supporting or opposing Peronism has largely endured, but the policies of Peronism itself varied greatly over the subsequent decades, as did increasingly those put forth by its many competing figures. During Perón's exile, it became a <a href="/wiki/Big_tent" title="Big tent">big tent</a> party united almost solely by its support for the aging leader's return. A series of violent incidents, as well as Perón's negotiations with both the military regime and diverse political factions, helped lead to his return to Argentina in 1973 and to his <a href="/wiki/September_1973_Argentine_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1973 Argentine general election">election in September that year</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Poneman,_Daniel_1987_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poneman,_Daniel_1987-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An impasse followed in which the party had a place both for leftist armed organizations such as <i><a href="/wiki/Montoneros" title="Montoneros">Montoneros</a></i>, and far-right factions such as <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_L%C3%B3pez_Rega" title="José López Rega">José López Rega</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Argentine_Anti-Communist_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine Anti-Communist Alliance">Argentine Anti-Communist Alliance</a>. Following Perón's death in 1974, however, the tenuous understanding disintegrated, and a wave of <a href="/wiki/Political_violence" title="Political violence">political violence</a> ensued, ultimately resulting in the <a href="/wiki/March_1976_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1976 coup">March 1976 coup</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Dirty_War" title="Dirty War">Dirty War</a> of the late 1970s, which cost hundreds of Peronists (among thousands more) their lives, solidified the party's populist outlook, particularly following the failure of conservative Economy Minister <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Alfredo_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Hoz" title="José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz">José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang_(financial_markets)" title="Big Bang (financial markets)">deregulatory</a> policies after 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-Poneman,_Daniel_1987_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poneman,_Daniel_1987-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the first democratic elections after the end of the dictatorship of the <a href="/wiki/National_Reorganization_Process" title="National Reorganization Process">National Reorganization Process</a>, in 1983, the Justicialist Party lost to the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Civic_Union" title="Radical Civic Union">Radical Civic Union</a> (UCR). Six years later, it returned to power with <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a>, during whose term <a href="/wiki/1994_reform_of_the_Argentine_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="1994 reform of the Argentine Constitution">the Constitution was reformed</a> to allow for presidential reelection. Menem (1989–1999) adopted <a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">neoliberal</a> right-wing policies which changed the overall image of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-Argentina's_new_president_sworn_in_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Argentina's_new_president_sworn_in-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Justicialist Party was defeated by a coalition formed by the UCR and the centre-left <a href="/wiki/Front_for_a_Country_in_Solidarity" title="Front for a Country in Solidarity">FrePaSo</a> (itself a left-wing offshoot of the PJ) in 1999, but regained political weight in the <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Argentina,_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Argentina, 2001">2001 legislative elections</a>, and was ultimately left in charge of managing the selection of an interim president after the economic <a href="/wiki/Argentine_economic_crisis_(1999-2002)" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine economic crisis (1999-2002)">collapse of December 2001</a>. Justicialist <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a>, chosen by Congress, ruled during 2002 and part of 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-Argentina's_new_president_sworn_in_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Argentina's_new_president_sworn_in-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2003_Argentine_general_election" title="2003 Argentine general election">2003 elections</a> saw the constituency of the party split in three, as Carlos Menem, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (backed by Duhalde) and <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Sa%C3%A1" title="Adolfo Rodríguez Saá">Adolfo Rodríguez Saá</a> ran for the presidency leading different party coalitions. After Kirchner's victory, the party started to align behind his leadership, moving slightly to the left.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Justicialist Party effectively broke apart in the <a href="/wiki/2005_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2005 Argentine legislative election">2005 legislative elections</a> when two factions ran for a Senate seat in <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Province" title="Buenos Aires Province">Buenos Aires Province</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a> (then the <a href="/wiki/First_lady" title="First lady">First Lady</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Duhalde" title="Hilda González de Duhalde">Hilda González de Duhalde</a> (wife of former president Duhalde). The campaign was particularly vicious. Kirchner's side allied with other minor forces and presented itself as a heterodox, left-leaning <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory</a> (FpV), while Duhalde's side stuck to older Peronist tradition. González de Duhalde's defeat to her opponent marked, according to many political analysts, the end to Duhalde's dominance over the province, and was followed by a steady defection of his supporters to the winner's side. </p><p>Néstor Kirchner proposed the entry of the party into the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a> in February 2008. His dominance of the party was undermined, however, by the <a href="/wiki/2008_Argentine_government_conflict_with_the_agricultural_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Argentine government conflict with the agricultural sector">2008 Argentine government conflict with the agricultural sector</a>, when a bill raising export taxes was introduced with presidential support. Subsequent growers' lockouts helped result in the defection of numerous Peronists from the FpV caucus, and further losses during the <a href="/wiki/2009_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2009 Argentine legislative election">2009 mid-term elections</a> resulted in the loss of the FpV absolute majorities in both houses of Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, the PJ, with its presidential candidate Daniel Scioli, was defeated by the Cambiemos coalition. <a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a> was inaugurated as President of Argentina, ending 12 years of Kirchnerism.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, in the elections of 2019, the PJ joined the <a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Todos_(2019_coalition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frente de Todos (2019 coalition)">Frente de Todos</a>, which won the presidential elections. The PJ returned to power, with <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a> as President of the nation. On <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Inauguration of Alberto Fernández">10 December 2019</a>, the Centre-left <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a> of the Justicialist Party was inaugurated president, after defeating the incumbent Mauricio Macri in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Argentine_general_election" title="2019 Argentine general election">2019 Argentine general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The success of the party in the 2019 elections was juxtaposed with the failure of dissident Federal Peronists to challenge the Kirchnerist majority within the party. The Federal Peronists failed to distinguish themselves from anti-Peronist movements, and their bid to put up its own electoral lists to compete with Kirchnerists failed. The election resulted in a "dismantling of the Federal Peronism alternative".<sup id="cite_ref-garriga_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garriga-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 March 2021, Fernández was elected by the national congress of the Justicialist Party as the party's new national chairman, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Gioja" title="José Luis Gioja">José Luis Gioja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fernández ran unopposed, heading the <i>Unidad y Federalismo</i> list, which received the support of diverse sectors in the Peronist movement, including <a href="/wiki/La_C%C3%A1mpora" title="La Cámpora">La Cámpora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">Union for the Homeland</a> (Unión por la Patria, UP) is a Centre-left political and electoral coalition of Peronist political parties in Argentina, formed to compete in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Argentine_general_election" title="2023 Argentine general election">2023 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coalition is a successor to the previous <a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Todos" title="Frente de Todos">Frente de Todos</a> coalition.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coalition is centered on the Justicialist Party and its allies both on the federal and provincial levels, including the <a href="/wiki/Renewal_Front" title="Renewal Front">Renewal Front</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Massa" title="Sergio Massa">Sergio Massa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Goñi_2023_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goñi_2023-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2023, President Alberto Fernandez announced that he would not seek re-election in the next <a href="/wiki/2023_Argentine_general_election" title="2023 Argentine general election">presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/2023_Argentine_primary_elections" title="2023 Argentine primary elections">primary elections</a> on August of that year, Sergio Massa defeated <a href="/wiki/Juan_Grabois" title="Juan Grabois">Juan Grabois</a> by a margin of nearly 16 percentage points, although it became the worst result for a ruling Peronist coalition since the PASO was first implemented in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Goñi_2023_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goñi_2023-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the runoff in November 2023, <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(Argentina)" title="Libertarian Party (Argentina)">Libertarian</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Javier_Milei" title="Javier Milei">Javier Milei</a> defeated Massa with 55.7% against 44.35% of the vote, the highest percentage of the vote since <a href="/wiki/Argentina%27s_transition_to_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentina's transition to democracy">Argentina's transition to democracy</a>. Massa conceded defeat shortly before the official results were published.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Milei_Victory_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milei_Victory-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beginning">Beginning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Beginning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Justicialist party was created in November 1946, 10 months after <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan D. Perón</a> was elected president of the nation, with the name Single Revolutionary party; previously this would be called the Peronist party. The party was a result of the fusion of three parties that had been created in 1945 in order to sustain the presidential candidacy of Perón: the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Argentina)" title="Labour Party (Argentina)">Labor party</a>, the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_C%C3%ADvica_Radical_Junta_Renovadora" class="extiw" title="es:Unión Cívica Radical Junta Renovadora">Radical Renovating Together Civic Union</a>, and the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Independiente_(Argentina)" class="extiw" title="es:Partido Independiente (Argentina)">Independent party.</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peronism">Peronism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Peronism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Peronism" title="Peronism">Peronism</a></div> <p>Peronism is a political current that was established between November 1943 and October 1945, as a result of an alliance between a large number of unions, principally of <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Argentina)" title="Socialist Party (Argentina)">socialist</a> and <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindicalismo_revolucionario" class="extiw" title="es:Sindicalismo revolucionario">revolutionary union</a> ideology, and two soldiers – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Domingo Perón</a> and <a href="/wiki/Domingo_Mercante" title="Domingo Mercante">Domingo Mercante</a>, whose initial objective was to run the National Labor Department – later elevated to the level of Secretary of Labor and Social Security – and to drive until there were laws and measures for the worker's benefit. The Secretary was run by Perón, who in the course of those years was converted into the leader of a new political movement that would take the name Peronism in the course of 1945. </p><p>Since 1943, the country was governed by a military dictatorship self-designated as the <a href="/wiki/1943_Argentine_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1943 Argentine coup d'état">Revolution of ‘43</a>, made of a very heterogeneous composition, that had overthrown at its time a fraudulent regime, known as the <a href="/wiki/Infamous_Decade" title="Infamous Decade">Infamous Decade</a>. At the start of 1945, the US ambassador to Argentina, <a href="/wiki/Spruille_Braden" title="Spruille Braden">Spruille Braden</a>, organized a broad movement that was defined as <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiperonismo" class="extiw" title="es:Antiperonismo">anti-peronist</a>, with the goal of opposing Perón and the sanctioned labor laws. Largely as a reaction to the union movement, principally the socialist and revolutionary union majority started to define themselves as peronists.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 October 1945, at the loss of the vote from the officials of <a href="/wiki/Campo_de_Mayo" title="Campo de Mayo">Campo de Mayo</a>, Perón renounced, being later detained. Nine days later, a big worker mobilization known as <a href="/wiki/Loyalty_Day_(Argentina)" title="Loyalty Day (Argentina)">Loyalty Day</a>, compelled the military government to prepare Perón’s liberation and call elections. That day is the most cited as the date of peronism’s birth.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_Organization_until_1955">Party Organization until 1955</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Party Organization until 1955"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many union leaders opposed him, but their political inexperience and Perón’s charisma before the masses made them unsuccessful.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lewinsky characterizes the Peronist party (PP) as a popular party that will differ from other European, union based parties in four aspects. </p><p>The first of them is that they had been created from above by agents of the State, destined to retain power more than to obtain it; operated in major part by their own government using State resources whereas PP never developed their own organization. The second is that they were an extremely personalist party that in the statutes of 1954 declared Perón is their “Supreme Leader” and gave him the authority to “modify or declare null and void the decision of the party authorities… to inspect, intervene, and replace” the leaders of the party and even prohibited party headquarters from displaying photographs that were not Perón or Eva Perón. The national party management intervened in permanent form in the provincial subsidiaries and used to choose the local candidates. Usually the leaders with independent support were displaced and replaced by those “loyal to the death” that followed Perón's directives exclusively. In this form, the political career inside the party depended exclusively on the bonds with Perón; there was not a structure for political promotion nor a stable bureaucratic hierarchy. For example, the reorganization of the party in 1947 signified the replacement of the entirety of the highest party leadership members.<sup id="cite_ref-Levitsky-2005_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levitsky-2005-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Third, the party had a fluid structure that was maintained until the final days of the decade of 1940. In 1951, Perón once again reorganized the party structure creating a parallel hierarchy with a “strategic national command” and provincial “tactical commands” that would have representatives of the three party branches – masculine, feminine, and union – but in practice Perón and Eva Perón exercised strategic leadership, and the governors and “inventors” arrived ahead of the tactics. Lastly, differently from the English Labor party, the PP did not initially have rules about their relation with the unions. In the decade of 1950, the union was recognized as one of the three branches and, as such, was attributed to them by tradition – without a written norm – a right to a third of the candidacies, but until 1955 it was not complied with rigor.<sup id="cite_ref-Levitsky-2005_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levitsky-2005-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideology">Ideology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ideology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Justicialist Party was historically left-wing populist.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Founded by <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> (who rose to Argentinian presidency in the 1940s with the support of his wife <a href="/wiki/Eva_Per%C3%B3n" title="Eva Perón">Eva Perón</a>), the party was composed of Perón's loyalists and was a personification of populism in the form of a strong charismatic leader. The reforms carried out by Perón in 1940s and 1950s were described as socialist and populist.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christopher Wylde defines Peronism as "a form of leftist–populist nationalism, rooted in an urban working-class movement that was allied to elements of the domestic bourgeoisie as well as the military."<sup id="cite_ref-wylde_138_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wylde_138-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing on Perón and his ideology, Charles D. Ameringer argued that "The rise to power of Juan Perón in 1943 was not the end of the socialist impulse in Argentina; it was the culmination" and added that "much of the social legislation either introduced or implemented by Perón . . . originated with the Socialist Party."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The basic principles of Peronism and the Justicialist Party were economic independence, political sovereignty, and social justice, as formulated by Perón. Economically, Perón expanded public spending and gave the state a dominating role in production and distribution (<a href="/wiki/Economic_nationalism" title="Economic nationalism">economic nationalism</a>), implemented egalitarian distribution of national income (therefore Peronism is considered to represent <a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">syndicalism</a> and/or non-Marxist socialism), and implemented a system of incentives and rewards that would direct economic activities towards local markets while severely limiting production for international markets (<a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">protectionism</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-wylde_138_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wylde_138-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peronism rejected <a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a> in favor of <a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">communitarianism</a> and sought a system that would reject both capitalism and liberalism in favor of an economic system that would be oriented around "social equity, rather than the individual pursuit of wealth." This was combined with Peronist redefinition of citizenship, as Perón attracted and empowered groups that were previously excluded socially and economically - urban poor, immigrant communities and unionised workers.<sup id="cite_ref-wylde_140_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wylde_140-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Socially, Peronism was authoritarian, yet it also implemented free suffrage and promoted causes such as feminism, indigenous rights and emancipation of the working class. Peter Ranis wrote that "paradoxically, Perón democratized Argentina in the sense of bringing the working class more fully into the political process, though his administrations often placed cultural and political restrictions on the opposition that severely compromised that democracy."<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legitimacy of Peronism derived from trade unions who gave Perón their support, and his ideology was a reflection of demands and expectations of the Argentinian labor movement. According to historian <a href="/wiki/Daniel_James_(historian)" title="Daniel James (historian)">Daniel James</a>, the reliance of Peronism on trade unions was so strong, that in the Peronist movement, "the initiative very much lay with the trade union movement; Perón was more its creature than the labor movement was his."<sup id="cite_ref-brennan_6_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brennan_6-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the overthrow of Perón in 1955, Peronism would gradually shift further to the left, something that was influenced by political developments in Latin America such as the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolution" title="Cuban Revolution">Cuban Revolution</a> and the development of far-left <a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">liberation theology</a> amongst Latin American Catholics, as well as by Perón's tactical endorsement and promotion of socialist and leftist currents within his movement.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1956, exiled Perón picked left-wing activist <a href="/wiki/John_William_Cooke" title="John William Cooke">John William Cooke</a> to represent the Peronist movement in Argentina in his absence. Cooke promoted socialism and presented Peronism as a movement that was "antibureaucratic, socialist, profoundly national, and sister to all the world's exploited [peoples]", and praising Perón as the "leader of national liberation".<sup id="cite_ref-collier_495_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-collier_495-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960, Cooke moved to Revolutionary Cuba, where he combined Peronism with <a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castroism" class="mw-redirect" title="Castroism">Castroism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Foco_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Foco theory">foco theory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perón approved of Cooke's activism and wrote positively of Marxism himself, identifying Peronist struggle with the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolution" title="Cuban Revolution">Cuban Revolution</a>. With Perón's encouragement, Peronist youth formed left-wing, revolutionary organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/Montoneros" title="Montoneros">Montoneros</a> and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Army_(Argentina)" title="People's Revolutionary Army (Argentina)">People's Revolutionary Army</a>. Perón supported their struggle as a realisation of his justicialist doctrine, agreeing with the Montoneros' conclusion that "the only possible road for the people to seize power and install national socialism is total, national, and prolonged revolutionary war . . . [following] the methods of rural and urban guerrillas."<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following Vatican II that led to development of anti-capitalist, revolutionary and Marxist-aligned rhetoric amongst Latin American clergy, Perón also gained support of left-wing Catholics who supported the far-left <a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">liberation theology</a>. Left-wing priests praised Peronism as a precursor to liberation theology, and the <a href="/wiki/Movement_of_Priests_for_the_Third_World" title="Movement of Priests for the Third World">Movement of Priests for the Third World</a> argued that "the Peronist movement, revolutionary, with its massive force... will necessarily lead to the revolution which will make possible an original and Latin American socialism."<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the return of Perón in 1973 and under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Per%C3%B3n" title="Isabel Perón">Isabel Perón</a>, the Justicialist Party was no longer characterized by <a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-imperialist">anti-imperialist</a> and revolutionary tones but by a strong focus on <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Peronism" title="Orthodox Peronism">Orthodox Peronism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">anti-communism</a> (of which it became the main bulwark in South America). </p><p>That line continued even after the <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship" title="Military dictatorship">military dictatorship</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Reorganization_Process" title="National Reorganization Process">National Reorganization Process</a>, with the government of <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> until that of <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a>. The party moved from <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Peronism" title="Orthodox Peronism">Orthodox Peronism</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Centre-right" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre-right">centre-right</a>, while its rival <a href="/wiki/Radical_Civic_Union" title="Radical Civic Union">Radical Civic Union</a> acted as a <a href="/wiki/Centre-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre-left">centre-left</a> party. </p><p>Since 2003, the party has undergone an abrupt <a href="/wiki/Revolution" title="Revolution">revolution</a>, with the rise of a faction known as the <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a>. The policies and ideology of that faction were dubbed <a href="/wiki/Kirchnerism" title="Kirchnerism">Kirchnerism</a>, a mix of <a href="/wiki/Post-neoliberalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-neoliberalism">anti-neoliberalism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">left-wing nationalism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radicalism_(historical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Radicalism (historical)">radicalism</a>. Kirchner was elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_Argentina" title="President of Argentina">President of Argentina</a> and soon became a popular left-wing figure. The party shifted to being left-wing populist, while the Radical Civic Union joined with other anti-Kirchnerist centrist and center-right parties including <a href="/wiki/Republican_Proposal" title="Republican Proposal">Republican Proposal</a>. After his death in 2010, his wife, <a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a>, took over the leadership of the Front for Victory, which continues to be a major faction of the Justicialist Party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leaders">Leaders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party is headed by a National Committee, whose president is the <i>de facto</i> leader of the party. </p> <ul><li>1946–1974: <a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> (President: 1946–1955, 1973–1974)</li> <li>1974–1985: <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Per%C3%B3n" title="Isabel Perón">Isabel Perón</a> (President: 1974–1976)</li> <li>1985–1990: <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cafiero" title="Antonio Cafiero">Antonio Cafiero</a></li> <li>1990–2001: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (President: 1989–1999)</li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Mar%C3%ADn" title="Rubén Marín">Rubén Marín</a> (interim)</li> <li>2001–2003: <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a></li> <li>2003–2004: <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Fellner" title="Eduardo Fellner">Eduardo Fellner</a></li> <li>2004–2005: (No leader)</li> <li>2005–2008: Ramón Ruiz</li> <li>2008–2009: <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (President: 2003–2007)</li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Scioli" title="Daniel Scioli">Daniel Scioli</a> (interim)</li> <li>2009–2010: <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a></li> <li>2010–2014: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Scioli" title="Daniel Scioli">Daniel Scioli</a> (interim)</li> <li>2016–2018: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Gioja" title="José Luis Gioja">José Luis Gioja</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Barrionuevo_(union_leader)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Barrionuevo (union leader) (page does not exist)">Luis Barrionuevo</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Barrionuevo" class="extiw" title="es:Luis Barrionuevo">es</a>]</span> (judicial controller)</li> <li>2018–2021: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Gioja" title="José Luis Gioja">José Luis Gioja</a></li> <li>2021–2024: <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a> (President: 2019–2023)</li> <li>2024–: <a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_elections">Presidential elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Presidential elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Election year </th> <th rowspan="2">Candidate(s) </th> <th colspan="2">First Round </th> <th colspan="2">Second Round </th> <th rowspan="2">Result </th> <th rowspan="2">Note </th></tr> <tr> <th># votes </th> <th>% vote </th> <th># votes </th> <th>% vote </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1951_Argentine_general_election" title="1951 Argentine general election">1951</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a></b> </td> <td>4,745,168 </td> <td>63.40 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>as the <a href="/wiki/Peronist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Peronist Party">Peronist Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1958_Argentine_general_election" title="1958 Argentine general election">1958</a> </th> <td><i>no candidate</i> (banished) </td> <td colspan="4" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> — </td> <td><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacto_Per%C3%B3n-Frondizi" class="extiw" title="es:Pacto Perón-Frondizi">Perón-Frondizi Pact</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1963_Argentine_general_election" title="1963 Argentine general election">1963</a> </th> <td><i>no candidate</i> (banished) </td> <td colspan="4" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> — </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/March_1973_Argentine_general_election" title="March 1973 Argentine general election">M-1973</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_C%C3%A1mpora" class="mw-redirect" title="Héctor Cámpora">Héctor Cámpora</a></b> </td> <td>5,907,464 </td> <td>49.56 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>as the Justicialist Party part of the <a href="/wiki/Justicialist_Liberation_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Justicialist Liberation Front">Justicialist Liberation Front</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/September_1973_Argentine_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1973 Argentine general election">S-1973</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a></b> </td> <td>7,359,252 </td> <td>61.85 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Justicialist_Liberation_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Justicialist Liberation Front">Justicialist Liberation Front</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1983_Argentine_general_election" title="1983 Argentine general election">1983</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dtalo_L%C3%BAder" class="mw-redirect" title="Ítalo Lúder">Ítalo Lúder</a> </td> <td>5,944,402 </td> <td>40.16 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> Defeated </td> <td>247 Electoral College seats </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1989_Argentine_general_election" title="1989 Argentine general election">1989</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a></b> </td> <td>7,953,301 </td> <td>47.49 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>325 Electoral College seats, part of the Popular Justicialist Front </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Argentine_general_election" title="1995 Argentine general election">1995</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a></b> </td> <td>8,687,319 </td> <td>49.94 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>Joint-ticket (PJ—<a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Democratic_Centre_(Argentina)" title="Union of the Democratic Centre (Argentina)">UCeDé</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Argentine_general_election" title="1999 Argentine general election">1999</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a> </td> <td>7,254,417 </td> <td>38.27 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> Defeated </td> <td>part of the Justicialist Coalition for Change </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/2003_Argentine_general_election" title="2003 Argentine general election">2003</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> </td> <td>4,740,907 </td> <td>24.45 </td> <td><i>null</i> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> 2nd-R Forfeited </td> <td>Front for Loyalty, a faction of PJ </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a></b> </td> <td>4,312,517 </td> <td>22.24 </td> <td><i>null</i> </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>2nd-R Unopposed</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory</a>, a faction of PJ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Sa%C3%A1" title="Adolfo Rodríguez Saá">Adolfo Rodríguez Saá</a> </td> <td>2,735,829 </td> <td>14.11 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> 1st-R Defeated </td> <td>Front of the Popular Movement, a faction of PJ </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2007_Argentine_general_election" title="2007 Argentine general election">2007</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a></b> </td> <td>8,651,066 </td> <td>45.29 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory Alliance</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Sa%C3%A1" title="Alberto Rodríguez Saá">Alberto Rodríguez Saá</a> </td> <td>1,458,955 </td> <td>7.64 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> Defeated </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Peronism" title="Federal Peronism">Justice, Union and Liberty Front Alliance</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_Argentine_general_election" title="2011 Argentine general election">2011</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a></b> </td> <td>11,865,055 </td> <td>54.11 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory</a>, a faction of PJ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2015_Argentine_general_election" title="2015 Argentine general election">2015</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Scioli" title="Daniel Scioli">Daniel Scioli</a> </td> <td>9,338,449 </td> <td>37.08 </td> <td>12,198,441 </td> <td>48.60 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> 2nd-R Defeated </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory Alliance</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Argentine_general_election" title="2019 Argentine general election">2019</a> </th> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a></b> </td> <td>12,473,709 </td> <td>48.10 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b>Elected</b> </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Todos_(2019_coalition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frente de Todos (2019 coalition)">Everyone's Front Alliance</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2023_Argentine_general_election" title="2023 Argentine general election">2023</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Massa" title="Sergio Massa">Sergio Massa</a> </td> <td>9,853,492 </td> <td>36.78 </td> <td>11,516,142 </td> <td>44.31 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> 2nd-R Defeated </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">Union for the Homeland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Juan_Schiaretti" title="Juan Schiaretti">Juan Schiaretti</a> </td> <td>1,802,068 </td> <td>6.73 </td> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Red X" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/13px-Red_x.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/20px-Red_x.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Red_x.svg/26px-Red_x.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display: none;">N</span> 1st-R Defeated </td> <td>part of the <a href="/wiki/Hacemos_por_Nuestro_Pa%C3%ADs" title="Hacemos por Nuestro País">Hacemos por Nuestro País</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congressional_elections">Congressional elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Congressional elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chamber_of_Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Chamber of Deputies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>seats won </th> <th>Total seats </th> <th>Position </th> <th>Presidency </th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1948_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1948 Argentine legislative election">1948</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>64.1 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">109 / 158</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 69%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> (PP)</b> </td> <td>as the <a href="/wiki/Peronist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Peronist Party">Peronist Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1951_Argentine_general_election" title="1951 Argentine general election">1951</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>63.5 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">135 / 149</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 91%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> (PP)</b> </td> <td>as the <a href="/wiki/Peronist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Peronist Party">Peronist Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1954_Argentine_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 Argentine legislative election">1954</a> </th> <td>4,977,586 </td> <td>62.96 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">161 / 173</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 93%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td>as the <a href="/wiki/Peronist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Peronist Party">Peronist Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1958_Argentine_general_election" title="1958 Argentine general election">1958</a> </th> <td><i>null</i> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 187</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><i>Banned</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Eugenio_Aramburu" title="Pedro Eugenio Aramburu">Pedro Eugenio Aramburu</a> <i>(de facto)</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1960_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1960 Argentine legislative election">1960</a> </th> <td><i>null</i> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 192</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><i>Banned</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Frondizi" title="Arturo Frondizi">Arturo Frondizi</a> (UCRI) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1962_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1962 Argentine legislative election">1962</a> </th> <td>1,592,446 </td> <td>17.53 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">23 / 192</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Frondizi" title="Arturo Frondizi">Arturo Frondizi</a> (UCRI) </td> <td>as <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Popular" class="mw-redirect" title="Unión Popular">Unión Popular</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1963_Argentine_general_election" title="1963 Argentine general election">1963</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 192</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Guido" title="José María Guido">José María Guido</a> (UCRI) </td> <td>as <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Popular" class="mw-redirect" title="Unión Popular">Unión Popular</a> and other pro-Justicialist </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1965_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1965 Argentine legislative election">1965</a> </th> <td>2,833,528<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(UP only)</span> </td> <td>29.6<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(UP only)</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">52 / 192</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(UP only)</span> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Umberto_Illia" title="Arturo Umberto Illia">Arturo Umberto Illia</a> (UCRP) </td> <td>as <a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Popular" class="mw-redirect" title="Unión Popular">Unión Popular</a> and other pro-Justicialist </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/March_1973_Argentine_general_election" title="March 1973 Argentine general election">1973</a> </th> <td>5,908,414 </td> <td>48.7 </td> <td> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">144 / 243</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 59%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Agust%C3%ADn_Lanusse" title="Alejandro Agustín Lanusse">Alejandro Agustín Lanusse</a> <i>(de facto)</i> </td> <td>as Justicialist Party part of the <a href="/wiki/Justicialist_Liberation_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Justicialist Liberation Front">Justicialist Liberation Front</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1983_Argentine_general_election" title="1983 Argentine general election">1983</a> </th> <td>5,697,610 </td> <td>38.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">56 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">111 / 254</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reynaldo_Bignone" title="Reynaldo Bignone">Reynaldo Bignone</a> <i>(de facto)</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1985_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1985 Argentine legislative election">1985</a> </th> <td>5,259,331 </td> <td>34.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">55 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">101 / 254</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn" title="Raúl Alfonsín">Raúl Alfonsín</a> (UCR) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1987_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1987 Argentine legislative election">1987</a> </th> <td>6,649,362 </td> <td>41.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">60 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">108 / 254</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn" title="Raúl Alfonsín">Raúl Alfonsín</a> (UCR) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1989_Argentine_general_election" title="1989 Argentine general election">1989</a> </th> <td>7,324,033 </td> <td>42.9 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">65 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 51%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">126 / 254</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn" title="Raúl Alfonsín">Raúl Alfonsín</a> (UCR) </td> <td>part of the Popular Justicialist Front </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1991_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1991 Argentine legislative election">1991</a> </th> <td>6,288,222 </td> <td>40.2 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">62 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">116 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 45%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1993_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1993 Argentine legislative election">1993</a> </th> <td>6,946,586 </td> <td>42.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">64 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">127 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Argentine_general_election" title="1995 Argentine general election">1995</a> </th> <td>7,294,828 </td> <td>43.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">68 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">131 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 51%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1997_Argentine_legislative_election" title="1997 Argentine legislative election">1997</a> </th> <td>6,267,973 </td> <td>36.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">50 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 39%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">118 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 46%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Argentine_general_election" title="1999 Argentine general election">1999</a> </th> <td>5,986,674 </td> <td>32.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">51 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">101 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 39%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2001_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2001 Argentine legislative election">2001</a> </th> <td>5,267,136 </td> <td>37.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">67 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 53%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">121 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_la_R%C3%BAa" title="Fernando de la Rúa">Fernando de la Rúa</a> (UCR—Alianza) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2003_Argentine_general_election" title="2003 Argentine general election">2003</a> </th> <td>5,511,420 </td> <td>35.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">62 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">129 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2005_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2005 Argentine legislative election">2005</a> </th> <td>6,883,925 </td> <td>40.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">80 / 128</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 63%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">140 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_Argentine_general_election" title="2007 Argentine general election">2007</a> </th> <td>5,557,087 </td> <td>45.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">82 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 65%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">162 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 63%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2009 Argentine legislative election">2009</a> </th> <td>5,941,184 </td> <td>30.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">44 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">110 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_Argentine_general_election" title="2011 Argentine general election">2011</a> </th> <td>12,073,675 </td> <td>58.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">86 / 130</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 66%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">130 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 51%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2013_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2013 Argentine legislative election">2013</a> </th> <td>12,702,809 </td> <td>55.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">47 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 37%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">133 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 52%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2015_Argentine_general_election" title="2015 Argentine general election">2015</a> </th> <td>8,797,279 </td> <td>37.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">59 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 46%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">95 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 37%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2017_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2017 Argentine legislative election">2017</a> </th> <td>9,518,813 </td> <td>39.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">58 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 46%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">110 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a> (PRO-Cambiemos) </td> <td>as part of the <a href="/wiki/Citizen%27s_Unity" title="Citizen's Unity">Citizen's Unity</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Argentine_general_election" title="2019 Argentine general election">2019</a> </th> <td>11,359,508 </td> <td>45.5 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">64 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">122 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a> (PRO-Cambiemos) </td> <td>as part of the PDT </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2021_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2021 Argentine legislative election">2021</a> </th> <td>7,801,865 </td> <td>33.57 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">50 / 127</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 39%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">118 / 257</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 46%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a> (PJ-FDT)</b> </td> <td>as part of the PDT </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Senate_elections">Senate elections</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Senate elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>seats won </th> <th>Total seats </th> <th>Position </th> <th>Presidency </th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2001_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2001 Argentine legislative election">2001</a> </th> <td>5,668,523 </td> <td>39.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">40 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 56%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">40 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 56%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_la_R%C3%BAa" title="Fernando de la Rúa">Fernando de la Rúa</a> (UCR-Alianza) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2003_Argentine_general_election" title="2003 Argentine general election">2003</a> </th> <td>1,852,456 </td> <td>40.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">18 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 75%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">41 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 57%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a> (PJ)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2005_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2005 Argentine legislative election">2005</a> </th> <td>3,572,361 </td> <td>45.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">18 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 75%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">45 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 63%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_Argentine_general_election" title="2007 Argentine general election">2007</a> </th> <td>1,048,187 </td> <td>45.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 58%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">48 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 67%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2009 Argentine legislative election">2009</a> </th> <td>756,695 </td> <td>30.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">34 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_Argentine_general_election" title="2011 Argentine general election">2011</a> </th> <td>5,470,241 </td> <td>54.6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">43 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 60%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2013_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2013 Argentine legislative election">2013</a> </th> <td>1,608,846 </td> <td>32.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 58%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">40 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 56%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2015_Argentine_general_election" title="2015 Argentine general election">2015</a> </th> <td>2,336,037 </td> <td>32.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 46%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">39 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Kirchner</a> (PJ-FPV)</b> </td> <td>as part of the FPV </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2017_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2017 Argentine legislative election">2017</a> </th> <td>3,785,518 </td> <td>32.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 38%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">36 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a> (PRO—<a href="/wiki/Cambiemos" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambiemos">Cambiemos</a>) </td> <td>as part of the Citizens' Unity </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Argentine_general_election" title="2019 Argentine general election">2019</a> </th> <td>2,609,017 </td> <td>46.30 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">39 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><b>Majority</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a> (PRO—<a href="/wiki/Cambiemos" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambiemos">Cambiemos</a>) </td> <td>as part of the FDT </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2021_Argentine_legislative_election" title="2021 Argentine legislative election">2021</a> </th> <td>1,916,759 </td> <td>27.54 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 24</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 38%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">35 / 72</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #318CE7; color:inherit; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>Minority </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a></b> (PJ—FDT) </td> <td>as part of the FDT </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-telamcfk-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-telamcfk_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://buenosairesherald.com/politics/justicialista-party-declares-cristina-kirchner-party-president">"Justicialista Party declares Cristina Kirchner party president"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Herald" title="Buenos Aires Herald">Buenos Aires Herald</a></i>. 5 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Buenos+Aires+Herald&rft.atitle=Justicialista+Party+declares+Cristina+Kirchner+party+president&rft.date=2024-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbuenosairesherald.com%2Fpolitics%2Fjusticialista-party-declares-cristina-kirchner-party-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinionpopular.com.ar/noticia.php?id_noticia=2409">"Se crea la Unión Cívica Radical Junta Renovadora UCR-JR"</a>. <i>Laopinionpopular.com.ar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Laopinionpopular.com.ar&rft.atitle=Se+crea+la+Uni%C3%B3n+C%C3%ADvica+Radical+Junta+Renovadora+UCR-JR&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laopinionpopular.com.ar%2Fnoticia.php%3Fid_noticia%3D2409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infobae.com/politica/2023/04/02/cuantos-afiliados-a-un-partido-politico-hay-en-el-pais-y-que-agrupaciones-crecieron-mas-en-el-ultimo-ano/">"Cuántos afiliados a un partido político hay en el país y qué agrupaciones crecieron más en el último año"</a>. 2 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cu%C3%A1ntos+afiliados+a+un+partido+pol%C3%ADtico+hay+en+el+pa%C3%ADs+y+qu%C3%A9+agrupaciones+crecieron+m%C3%A1s+en+el+%C3%BAltimo+a%C3%B1o&rft.date=2023-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infobae.com%2Fpolitica%2F2023%2F04%2F02%2Fcuantos-afiliados-a-un-partido-politico-hay-en-el-pais-y-que-agrupaciones-crecieron-mas-en-el-ultimo-ano%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClaeys2013" class="citation book cs1">Claeys, Gregory (2013). CQ Press (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=539ZDwAAQBAJ"><i>Encyclopedia of Modern Political Thought (set)</i></a>. CQ Press. p. 617. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781506317588" title="Special:BookSources/9781506317588"><bdi>9781506317588</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Modern+Political+Thought+%28set%29&rft.pages=617&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781506317588&rft.aulast=Claeys&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D539ZDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmeringer1992" class="citation book cs1">Ameringer, Charles D. (1992). Greenwood (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kD5qi3MyEHYC"><i>Political Parties of the Americas, 1980s to 1990s: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies</i></a>. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313274183" title="Special:BookSources/9780313274183"><bdi>9780313274183</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Parties+of+the+Americas%2C+1980s+to+1990s%3A+Canada%2C+Latin+America%2C+and+the+West+Indies&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780313274183&rft.aulast=Ameringer&rft.aufirst=Charles+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkD5qi3MyEHYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2015/10/15/the-persistence-of-peronism">"The persistence of Peronism"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 15 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+persistence+of+Peronism&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fthe-americas%2F2015%2F10%2F15%2Fthe-persistence-of-peronism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-catch_me-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-catch_me_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-catch_me_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIglesias2020" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Iglesias, Fernando A. (12 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=S_X2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA325&dq=%22partido+justicialista%22%22catch+all%22&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwje-fbuht-LAxVYK7kGHWjuJR8Q6AF6BAgFEAM#v=onepage&q=%22partido%20justicialista%22%22catch%20all%22&f=false"><i>El Medioevo peronista</i></a> (in Spanish). Libros del Zorzal. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-599-621-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-987-599-621-2"><bdi>978-987-599-621-2</bdi></a>. <q>El Partido Justicialista es un partido catch all, una organización éticamente amorfa y carente de ideología cuyo objetivo es la captura y retención del poder.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+Medioevo+peronista&rft.pub=Libros+del+Zorzal&rft.date=2020-08-12&rft.isbn=978-987-599-621-2&rft.aulast=Iglesias&rft.aufirst=Fernando+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS_X2DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA325%26dq%3D%2522partido%2Bjusticialista%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26hl%3Des%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26source%3Dgb_mobile_search%26ovdme%3D1%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwje-fbuht-LAxVYK7kGHWjuJR8Q6AF6BAgFEAM%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522partido%2520justicialista%2522%2522catch%2520all%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2020" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Cora Fernández (13 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=vurkDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT193&dq=%22partido+justicialista%22%22catch+all%22&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwje-fbuht-LAxVYK7kGHWjuJR8Q6AF6BAgMEAM#v=onepage&q=%22partido%20justicialista%22%22catch%20all%22&f=false"><i>Fighting for Abortion Rights in Latin America: Social Movements, State Allies and Institutions</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-07142-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-07142-9"><bdi>978-1-000-07142-9</bdi></a>. <q>From the 1940s until the end of the twentieth century, Argentine politics was dominated by two catch-all political parties: The Unión Cívica Radical (UCR) and the Partido Justicialista (PJ), also known as peronism because of the prominence of its founding figure, former president Juan Domingo Perón (1946-1955 and 1973-1974).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fighting+for+Abortion+Rights+in+Latin+America%3A+Social+Movements%2C+State+Allies+and+Institutions&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020-05-13&rft.isbn=978-1-000-07142-9&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Cora+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvurkDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT193%26dq%3D%2522partido%2Bjusticialista%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26hl%3Des%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26source%3Dgb_mobile_search%26ovdme%3D1%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwje-fbuht-LAxVYK7kGHWjuJR8Q6AF6BAgMEAM%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522partido%2520justicialista%2522%2522catch%2520all%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuttonVacarezza2021" class="citation book cs1">Sutton, Barbara; Vacarezza, Nayla Luz (5 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=WYw4EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT39&dq=%22partido+justicialista%22%22catch+all%22&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBlYHGiN-LAxUVLbkGHdtwJZs4FBDoAXoECAgQAw#v=onepage&q=%22partido%20justicialista%22%22catch%20all%22&f=false"><i>Abortion and Democracy: Contentious Body Politics in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-40446-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-40446-3"><bdi>978-1-000-40446-3</bdi></a>. <q>From the 1940s until the end of the 20th century, Argentine politics was dominated by two catch-all political parties, meaning parties that aim to attract a large part of the electorate despite holding diverse viewpoints: The Unión Cívica Radical (Radical Civic Union, UCR) and the Partido Justicialista (Justicialist Party, PJ), also known as Peronism because of the prominence of its founding figure, former President Juan Domingo Perón (1946-55 and 1973-74).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abortion+and+Democracy%3A+Contentious+Body+Politics+in+Argentina%2C+Chile%2C+and+Uruguay&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2021-08-05&rft.isbn=978-1-000-40446-3&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.au=Vacarezza%2C+Nayla+Luz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWYw4EAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT39%26dq%3D%2522partido%2Bjusticialista%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26hl%3Des%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26source%3Dgb_mobile_search%26ovdme%3D1%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjBlYHGiN-LAxUVLbkGHdtwJZs4FBDoAXoECAgQAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522partido%2520justicialista%2522%2522catch%2520all%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrassner2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Strassner, Veit (7 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=B0EhBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA83&dq=%22partido+justicialista%22%22catch+all%22&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj29suYid-LAxXLIrkGHSvWBUg4KBDoAXoECAcQAw#v=onepage&q=%22partido%20justicialista%22%22catch%20all%22&f=false"><i>Die offenen Wunden Lateinamerikas: Vergangenheitspolitik im postautoritären Argentinien, Uruguay und Chile</i></a> (in German). Springer-Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-531-90657-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-531-90657-7"><bdi>978-3-531-90657-7</bdi></a>. <q>Das argentinische Parteiensystem ist nach 1983 maBgeblich durch die beiden grofen Parteien Unión Cívica Radical und die Peronistische Parte1 (Partido Justicialista, PJ) gekennzeichnet. Bei beiden handelt es sich um catch all-Parteien, wobei die Peronisten traditionell eher caudillistisch oder personalistisch ausgerichtet waren, und die UCR ¡hre Wáhlerschaft urspriinglich eher aus der (oberen) Mittelklasse rekrutierte (Dix 1989: 27).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+offenen+Wunden+Lateinamerikas%3A+Vergangenheitspolitik+im+postautorit%C3%A4ren+Argentinien%2C+Uruguay+und+Chile&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=2007-12-07&rft.isbn=978-3-531-90657-7&rft.aulast=Strassner&rft.aufirst=Veit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB0EhBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA83%26dq%3D%2522partido%2Bjusticialista%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26hl%3Des%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26source%3Dgb_mobile_search%26ovdme%3D1%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwj29suYid-LAxXLIrkGHSvWBUg4KBDoAXoECAcQAw%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522partido%2520justicialista%2522%2522catch%2520all%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorreCasulloQuirós2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Torre, Juan Carlos; Casullo, María Esperanza; Quirós, Julieta (24 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=d8TgDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17&dq=%22partido+justicialista%22%22catch+all%22&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwje-fbuht-LAxVYK7kGHWjuJR8Q6AF6BAgHEAM#v=onepage&q=%22partido%20justicialista%22%22catch%20all%22&f=false"><i>¿Volverá el peronismo?</i></a> (in Spanish). Capital Intelectual. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-614-580-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-987-614-580-0"><bdi>978-987-614-580-0</bdi></a>. <q>la implosión de ese formidable catch-all party que era el Partido Justicialista, el cual, como el Partido Demócrata de Estados Unidos en los años sesenta -recordemos a John Kennedy versus la máquina política demócrata del Surdaba cabida en sus filas a una gran diversidad ideológica.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C2%BFVolver%C3%A1+el+peronismo%3F&rft.pub=Capital+Intelectual&rft.date=2019-05-24&rft.isbn=978-987-614-580-0&rft.aulast=Torre&rft.aufirst=Juan+Carlos&rft.au=Casullo%2C+Mar%C3%ADa+Esperanza&rft.au=Quir%C3%B3s%2C+Julieta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd8TgDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT17%26dq%3D%2522partido%2Bjusticialista%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26hl%3Des%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26source%3Dgb_mobile_search%26ovdme%3D1%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwje-fbuht-LAxVYK7kGHWjuJR8Q6AF6BAgHEAM%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522partido%2520justicialista%2522%2522catch%2520all%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=5BMcAQAAMAAJ&q=%22peronist+party%22%22catch+all%22&dq=%22peronist+party%22%22catch+all%22&hl=es&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi7y8DWit-LAxVemZUCHYVAAGI4FBDoAXoECAQQAw#%22peronist%20party%22%22catch%20all%22"><i>Standard & Poor's Creditweek</i></a>. Standard & Poor's Corporation. 2005. <q>In Argentina, the administration of President Nestor Kirchner represents the left wing of the catch-all Peronist Party.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Standard+%26+Poor%27s+Creditweek&rft.pub=Standard+%26+Poor%27s+Corporation&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.ar%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5BMcAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522peronist%2Bparty%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26dq%3D%2522peronist%2Bparty%2522%2522catch%2Ball%2522%26hl%3Des%26newbks%3D1%26newbks_redir%3D0%26source%3Dgb_mobile_search%26ovdme%3D1%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwi7y8DWit-LAxVemZUCHYVAAGI4FBDoAXoECAQQAw%23%2522peronist%2520party%2522%2522catch%2520all%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordin2006" class="citation journal cs1">Gordin, Jorge P. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/36901">"Intergovernmental fiscal relations, 'Argentine Style'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Journal of Public Policy</i>. <b>26</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">255–</span>277. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0143814X06000535">10.1017/S0143814X06000535</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1469-7815">1469-7815</a>. <q>Further, the 'catch-all' nature of Argentina'smainstream parties, the Peronist Party and the UCR, leads to intra-partyconfrontations because these parties embrace quite distinct factions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Intergovernmental+fiscal+relations%2C+%27Argentine+Style%27&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E255-%3C%2Fspan%3E277&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0143814X06000535&rft.issn=1469-7815&rft.aulast=Gordin&rft.aufirst=Jorge+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ssoar.info%2Fssoar%2Fhandle%2Fdocument%2F36901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallihan2023" class="citation journal cs1">Wallihan, Jake (2023). "The Strength of Democracy in Argentina and Where it Stands Today". <i>The Journal of Foreign Affairs at Carolina</i>. <b>8</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a>: 29. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17615%2Fkj66-1m54">10.17615/kj66-1m54</a>. <q>With the election and successful completion in office of Macri's administration, there has been a re-establishment of a clear left-right, where <b>the PJ fell on the left side of the political spectrum</b> and PRO fell on the right (a facet that was somewhat evident in the 1980s but not present in the 1990s).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Foreign+Affairs+at+Carolina&rft.atitle=The+Strength+of+Democracy+in+Argentina+and+Where+it+Stands+Today&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=29&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17615%2Fkj66-1m54&rft.aulast=Wallihan&rft.aufirst=Jake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCupples2021" class="citation book cs1">Cupples, Julie (2021). <i>Development and Decolonization in Latin America</i>. Routledge. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780367627089" title="Special:BookSources/9780367627089"><bdi>9780367627089</bdi></a>. <q>The centre-left Justicialist Party returned to power in 2019, and Cristina Fernández became vice-president.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Development+and+Decolonization+in+Latin+America&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780367627089&rft.aulast=Cupples&rft.aufirst=Julie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee" class="citation journal cs1">Mukherjee, Hoimi. "Brazil's Emergence in the United States' 'Backyard': Domestic Leadership and Systemic Status". <i>Jadavpur Journal of International Relations</i>. <b>27</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Sage_Publishing" title="Sage Publishing">Sage Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F09735984231161723">10.1177/09735984231161723</a>. <q>Bolsonaro boycotted the Argentinian Presidential Inauguration in 2019 as President Alberto Fernández is from the leftist Justicialist Party.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jadavpur+Journal+of+International+Relations&rft.atitle=Brazil%E2%80%99s+Emergence+in+the+United+States%E2%80%99+%E2%80%98Backyard%E2%80%99%3A+Domestic+Leadership+and+Systemic+Status&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F09735984231161723&rft.aulast=Mukherjee&rft.aufirst=Hoimi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVila-Seoane2023" class="citation journal cs1">Vila-Seoane, Maximiliano (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dadun.unav.edu/entities/publication/58c9d62b-651d-4318-841f-d5fb4a39ab5c">"Framing China: The Belt and Road Initiative in Argentine national media outlets"</a>. <i>Communication & Society</i>. <b>36</b> (4). Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra: 164. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15581%2F003.36.4.155-174">10.15581/003.36.4.155-174</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2386-7876">2386-7876</a>. <q>Therefore, the newspaper distributed views consistent with the centre-left Justicialist Party, which has historically favoured a close partnership with China.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communication+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Framing+China%3A+The+Belt+and+Road+Initiative+in+Argentine+national+media+outlets&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=164&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15581%2F003.36.4.155-174&rft.issn=2386-7876&rft.aulast=Vila-Seoane&rft.aufirst=Maximiliano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdadun.unav.edu%2Fentities%2Fpublication%2F58c9d62b-651d-4318-841f-d5fb4a39ab5c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVeltmeyer2024" class="citation book cs1">Veltmeyer, Henry (2024). <i>Latin American Politics in the Neoliberal Era: The Changing Dynamics of Class Struggle</i>. The Politics of Neoliberal Authoritarianism. Leeds: Emerald Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2F978-1-83797-841-020241003">10.1108/978-1-83797-841-020241003</a>. <q>Justicialist Party but representing the center-left Patriotic Union coalition, also bringing back the center-left Justicialist Party...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Latin+American+Politics+in+the+Neoliberal+Era%3A+The+Changing+Dynamics+of+Class+Struggle&rft.place=Leeds&rft.series=The+Politics+of+Neoliberal+Authoritarianism&rft.pub=Emerald+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2024&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2F978-1-83797-841-020241003&rft.aulast=Veltmeyer&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÜlke_ArıboğanKhelghat-Doost2023" class="citation book cs1">Ülke Arıboğan, Deniz; Khelghat-Doost, Hamoon (2023). <i>Constructing Motherhood Identity: Against Political Violence Beyond Crying Mothers</i>. Springer. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-031-36538-6">10.1007/978-3-031-36538-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-031-36538-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-031-36538-6"><bdi>978-3-031-36538-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2731-5061">2731-5061</a>. <q>Mom Cultivates Argentina had their work cut out for them under the right-leaning government of Mauricio Macri (of the Republican Proposal party, 2015–2019), but has seen results since the Alberto Fernández government (of the left-leaning Justicialist Party) came to power.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constructing+Motherhood+Identity%3A+Against+Political+Violence+Beyond+Crying+Mothers&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=2731-5061&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-36538-6&rft.isbn=978-3-031-36538-6&rft.aulast=%C3%9Clke+Ar%C4%B1bo%C4%9Fan&rft.aufirst=Deniz&rft.au=Khelghat-Doost%2C+Hamoon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonçalves_Bernardes2024" class="citation journal cs1">Gonçalves Bernardes, Bruno Miguel (31 December 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revistas.jjsanmarcos.org/index.php/relacis/article/view/117">"Welfare Regimes in Latin America: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis"</a>. <i>Revista Latinoamerica de Ciencias Sociales</i>. <b>3</b> (1). Relacis: 106. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5281%2Fzenodo.14788109">10.5281/zenodo.14788109</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2955-8867">2955-8867</a>. <q>In the case of the PJ, where a shift to the left is visible, pragmatism grants greater decentralization, along with a greater focus on direct resource transfer policies, leaving the health and education sectors almost untouched, where greater institutional fragmentation makes changes difficult.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Latinoamerica+de+Ciencias+Sociales&rft.atitle=Welfare+Regimes+in+Latin+America%3A+A+Retrospective+Comparative+Analysis&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=106&rft.date=2024-12-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5281%2Fzenodo.14788109&rft.issn=2955-8867&rft.aulast=Gon%C3%A7alves+Bernardes&rft.aufirst=Bruno+Miguel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevistas.jjsanmarcos.org%2Findex.php%2Frelacis%2Farticle%2Fview%2F117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201906/366498-massa-se-reune-con-alberto-fernandez-hubo-acuerdo.html">"Fernández acordó con Sergio Massa"</a>. <i>Télam - Agencia Nacional de Noticias</i>. 12 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=T%C3%A9lam+-+Agencia+Nacional+de+Noticias&rft.atitle=Fern%C3%A1ndez+acord%C3%B3+con+Sergio+Massa&rft.date=2019-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telam.com.ar%2Fnotas%2F201906%2F366498-massa-se-reune-con-alberto-fernandez-hubo-acuerdo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChristianDemocracy-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ChristianDemocracy_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.odca.cl/organizacion/partidos/">"Partidos | ODCA.cl"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Partidos+%26%23124%3B+ODCA.cl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.odca.cl%2Forganizacion%2Fpartidos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200821165559/https://www.copppal.org/paises-y-partidos-miembros-de-la-copppal/">"Países y Partidos Miembros de la COPPPAL – Copppal"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copppal.org/paises-y-partidos-miembros-de-la-copppal/">the original</a> on 21 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pa%C3%ADses+y+Partidos+Miembros+de+la+COPPPAL+%E2%80%93+Copppal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.copppal.org%2Fpaises-y-partidos-miembros-de-la-copppal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvanSil2007" class="citation book cs1">Galvan, D.; Sil, R. (2007). Springer (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4z1aCwAAQBAJ"><i>Reconfiguring Institutions Across Time and Space: Syncretic Responses to Challenges of Political and Economic Transformation</i></a>. Springer. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230603066" title="Special:BookSources/9780230603066"><bdi>9780230603066</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reconfiguring+Institutions+Across+Time+and+Space%3A+Syncretic+Responses+to+Challenges+of+Political+and+Economic+Transformation&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780230603066&rft.aulast=Galvan&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Sil%2C+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4z1aCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeitz-Shapiro2014" class="citation book cs1">Weitz-Shapiro, Rebecca (2014). Cambridge University Press (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=coNxBAAAQBAJ"><i>Curbing Clientelism in Argentina</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107073623" title="Special:BookSources/9781107073623"><bdi>9781107073623</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Curbing+Clientelism+in+Argentina&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781107073623&rft.aulast=Weitz-Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcoNxBAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cupples-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cupples_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCupples2021" class="citation book cs1">Cupples, Julie (2021). <i>Development and Decolonization in Latin America</i>. Routledge. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780367627089" title="Special:BookSources/9780367627089"><bdi>9780367627089</bdi></a>. <q>The centre-left Justicialist Party returned to power in 2019, and Cristina Fernández became vice-president.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Development+and+Decolonization+in+Latin+America&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9780367627089&rft.aulast=Cupples&rft.aufirst=Julie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDel_Real2019" class="citation book cs1">Del Real, Deisy (2019). <i>Documenting the Undocumented: the Construction of Legal Residency as a Substantive Right Under the Mercosur Residency Agreements</i>. Los Angeles: University of California. pp. <span class="nowrap">106–</span>107. <q>These included Argentina's President Nestor Kirchner (2003-2007) of the left-wing Justicialist Party; Bolivia's President Evo Morales (2006–present) of the left-wing Movement for Socialism-Political Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples; Uruguay's President Tabaré Vázquez (2005-2010) of the left-wing Socialist Party; and Brazil's Presidents Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016) of the left-wing Workers' Party.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Documenting+the+Undocumented%3A+the+Construction+of+Legal+Residency+as+a+Substantive+Right+Under+the+Mercosur+Residency+Agreements&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E106-%3C%2Fspan%3E107&rft.pub=University+of+California&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Del+Real&rft.aufirst=Deisy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger2014" class="citation journal cs1">Singer, Matthew M. (2014). "The 2013 congressional elections in Argentina". <i>Electoral Studies</i>. <b>35</b> (1). Elsevier Ltd.: 371. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.electstud.2014.01.003">10.1016/j.electstud.2014.01.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3794">0261-3794</a>. <q>This tendency started in the 1980s as the economic collapse decimated the unions that had formed the base of the leftist Justicialist Party (PJ, although it is more commonly referenced as the Peronist Party).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electoral+Studies&rft.atitle=The+2013+congressional+elections+in+Argentina&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=371&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.electstud.2014.01.003&rft.issn=0261-3794&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Matthew+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevitskyRoberts2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Levitsky" title="Steven Levitsky">Levitsky, Steven</a>; Roberts, Kenneth M. (2011). <i>The Resurgence of the Latin American Left</i>. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 285. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0110-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0110-2"><bdi>978-1-4214-0110-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Resurgence+of+the+Latin+American+Left&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pages=285&rft.pub=The+Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4214-0110-2&rft.aulast=Levitsky&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Kenneth+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevitskyRoberts2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Levitsky" title="Steven Levitsky">Levitsky, Steven</a>; Roberts, Kenneth M. (2011). <i>The Resurgence of the Latin American Left</i>. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0110-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0110-2"><bdi>978-1-4214-0110-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Resurgence+of+the+Latin+American+Left&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=The+Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4214-0110-2&rft.aulast=Levitsky&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Kenneth+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllner2020" class="citation book cs1">Ellner, Steve (2020). <i>Latin America's Pink Tide: Breakthroughs and Shortcomings</i>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781538125649" title="Special:BookSources/9781538125649"><bdi>9781538125649</bdi></a>. <q>These writers also argue that twenty-first-century Latin American leftist governments, like Peronism in the 1940s, were doomed to failure since the success of their defiance of powerful actors was contingent on the indefinite duration of favorable international markets for their nations' exports.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Latin+America%27s+Pink+Tide%3A+Breakthroughs+and+Shortcomings&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781538125649&rft.aulast=Ellner&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWylde2017" class="citation book cs1">Wylde, Christopher (2017). <i>Emerging Markets and the State: Developmentalism in the 21st Century</i>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. <span class="nowrap">138–</span>139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F978-1-137-55655-4">10.1057/978-1-137-55655-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-55654-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-55654-7"><bdi>978-1-137-55654-7</bdi></a>. <q>Perón and Peronismo (Peronism) therefore represented a form of leftist–populist nationalism, rooted in an urban working-class movement that was allied to elements of the domestic bourgeoisie as well as the military.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emerging+Markets+and+the+State%3A+Developmentalism+in+the+21st+Century&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E138-%3C%2Fspan%3E139&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F978-1-137-55655-4&rft.isbn=978-1-137-55654-7&rft.aulast=Wylde&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pj.org.ar/">"Partido Justicialista"</a>. <i>Pj.org.ar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pj.org.ar&rft.atitle=Partido+Justicialista&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pj.org.ar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanta_Cruz2022" class="citation journal cs1">Santa Cruz, Arturo (25 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/11561">"US Hegemony, Economic Statecraft, and the Political Economy of US Power"</a>. <i>Brazilian Journal of International Relations</i>. <b>11</b> (2). Marília: Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências: 197. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.36311%2F2237-7743.2022.v11n2.p190-218">10.36311/2237-7743.2022.v11n2.p190-218</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2237-7743">2237-7743</a>. <q>It was actually related to Perón's political economy conception, as well as to what he considered appropriate a state led by his left-leaning Justicialist party should do; these ideational matters therefore greatly affected the economic policies, that is, the means, his government implemented.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brazilian+Journal+of+International+Relations&rft.atitle=US+Hegemony%2C+Economic+Statecraft%2C+and+the+Political+Economy+of+US+Power&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=197&rft.date=2022-08-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.36311%2F2237-7743.2022.v11n2.p190-218&rft.issn=2237-7743&rft.aulast=Santa+Cruz&rft.aufirst=Arturo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevistas.marilia.unesp.br%2Findex.php%2Fbjir%2Farticle%2Fview%2F11561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDube2019" class="citation news cs1">Dube, Ryan (19 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/argentinas-fernandez-moves-from-unknown-politician-to-next-likely-president-11566232733">"Argentina's Fernández Moves from Little-Known Politician to Next Likely President"</a>. <i>Wall Street Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Argentina%27s+Fern%C3%A1ndez+Moves+from+Little-Known+Politician+to+Next+Likely+President&rft.date=2019-08-19&rft.aulast=Dube&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fargentinas-fernandez-moves-from-unknown-politician-to-next-likely-president-11566232733&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJalalzai2015" class="citation book cs1">Jalalzai, Farida (2015). Routledge (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QMhmCgAAQBAJ"><i>Women Presidents of Latin America: Beyond Family Ties?</i></a>. Routledge. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317668350" title="Special:BookSources/9781317668350"><bdi>9781317668350</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+Presidents+of+Latin+America%3A+Beyond+Family+Ties%3F&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781317668350&rft.aulast=Jalalzai&rft.aufirst=Farida&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQMhmCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgustínBriziarelli2017" class="citation book cs1">Agustín, Óscar G.; Briziarelli, Marco (2017). Springer (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SUI_DwAAQBAJ"><i>Podemos and the New Political Cycle: Left-Wing Populism and Anti-Establishment Politics</i></a>. Springer. p. 195. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319634326" title="Special:BookSources/9783319634326"><bdi>9783319634326</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Podemos+and+the+New+Political+Cycle%3A+Left-Wing+Populism+and+Anti-Establishment+Politics&rft.pages=195&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9783319634326&rft.aulast=Agust%C3%ADn&rft.aufirst=%C3%93scar+G.&rft.au=Briziarelli%2C+Marco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSUI_DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/22/argentina-election-exit-polls-buenos-aires-mauricio-macri">"Argentina shifts to the right after Mauricio Macri wins presidential runoff"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 23 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Argentina+shifts+to+the+right+after+Mauricio+Macri+wins+presidential+runoff&rft.date=2015-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fnov%2F22%2Fargentina-election-exit-polls-buenos-aires-mauricio-macri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324328204578576053901784268">"Argentine President Stumps for Congressional Candidates"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. 29 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2020</span>. <q>Speaking to thousands of supporters in a packed soccer stadium, Mrs. Kirchner stumped for the candidates who will represent her left-wing coalition, the FPV, in October's vote.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Argentine+President+Stumps+for+Congressional+Candidates&rft.date=2013-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424127887324328204578576053901784268&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/24/argentina-president-macri-reforms-election">"Argentinian president Macri vows 'many reforms' after strong election result"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 24 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Argentinian+president+Macri+vows+%27many+reforms%27+after+strong+election+result&rft.date=2017-10-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Foct%2F24%2Fargentina-president-macri-reforms-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4916270.stm">"Analysis: Latin America's new left axis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a>. 18 April 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Analysis%3A+Latin+America%27s+new+left+axis&rft.date=2006-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F4916270.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallego-Díaz2011" class="citation news cs1">Gallego-Díaz, Soledad (19 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/internacional/2011/10/19/actualidad/1319045165_396294.html">"El peronista Duhalde intenta conservar una parcela de poder en Buenos Aires"</a>. <i>El País</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=El+peronista+Duhalde+intenta+conservar+una+parcela+de+poder+en+Buenos+Aires&rft.date=2011-10-19&rft.aulast=Gallego-D%C3%ADaz&rft.aufirst=Soledad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Finternacional%2F2011%2F10%2F19%2Factualidad%2F1319045165_396294.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilvaRossi2018" class="citation book cs1">Silva, Eduardo; Rossi, Federico (2018). University of Pittsburgh Press (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=geFdDwAAQBAJ&q=conservative+peronists&pg=PT315"><i>Reshaping the Political Arena in Latin America: From Resisting Neoliberalism to the Second Incorporation</i></a>. University of Pittsburgh Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780822983101" title="Special:BookSources/9780822983101"><bdi>9780822983101</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reshaping+the+Political+Arena+in+Latin+America%3A+From+Resisting+Neoliberalism+to+the+Second+Incorporation&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780822983101&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft.au=Rossi%2C+Federico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgeFdDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dconservative%2Bperonists%26pg%3DPT315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lavoz.com.ar/politica/alejandro-topo-rodriguez-no-se-puede-construir-nada-a-futuro-con-impronta-macrista/">"Alejandro "Topo" Rodríguez: No se puede construir nada a futuro con impronta macrista"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Voz_del_Interior" title="La Voz del Interior">La Voz del Interior</a></i>. 15 October 2020. <q>Rodríguez, politólogo de profesión y docente de Políticas Públicas, sostiene que este peronismo federal, que subsiste en el medio del antagonismo rabioso entre el Frente de Todos (FDT) y Juntos por el Cambio (JPC), se propone insistir en la construcción de un espacio independiente, de centro moderado y progresista.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Voz+del+Interior&rft.atitle=Alejandro+%E2%80%9CTopo%E2%80%9D+Rodr%C3%ADguez%3A+No+se+puede+construir+nada+a+futuro+con+impronta+macrista&rft.date=2020-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lavoz.com.ar%2Fpolitica%2Falejandro-topo-rodriguez-no-se-puede-construir-nada-a-futuro-con-impronta-macrista%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFABDO2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">ABDO, GERARDO DAVID OMAR (13 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monografias.com/trabajos102/peronismo-federal-ambicion-y-despretigio-hechos-fuerza-politica/peronismo-federal-ambicion-y-despretigio-hechos-fuerza-politica">"Peronismo Federal: ambicion y despretigio hechos fuerza politica"</a>. <i>Monografias.com</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monografias.com&rft.atitle=Peronismo+Federal%3A+ambicion+y+despretigio+hechos+fuerza+politica&rft.date=2014-11-13&rft.aulast=ABDO&rft.aufirst=GERARDO+DAVID+OMAR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monografias.com%2Ftrabajos102%2Fperonismo-federal-ambicion-y-despretigio-hechos-fuerza-politica%2Fperonismo-federal-ambicion-y-despretigio-hechos-fuerza-politica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-garriga-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-garriga_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-garriga_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrigaNegri2020" class="citation journal cs1">Garriga, Ana Carolina; Negri, Juan (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4067%2FS0718-090X2020005000104">"It's (Almost) Always the Economy: Economic Performance and Political Realignments in Argentina in 2019"</a>. <i>Revista de Ciencia Política</i>. <b>40</b> (2): 152. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4067%2FS0718-090X2020005000104">10.4067/S0718-090X2020005000104</a></span>. <q>As said, his candidacy was severely weakened by the dismantling of the Federal Peronism alternative.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+de+Ciencia+Pol%C3%ADtica&rft.atitle=It%27s+%28Almost%29+Always+the+Economy%3A+Economic+Performance+and+Political+Realignments+in+Argentina+in+2019&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=152&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2FS0718-090X2020005000104&rft.aulast=Garriga&rft.aufirst=Ana+Carolina&rft.au=Negri%2C+Juan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4067%252FS0718-090X2020005000104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-medina-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-medina_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMedina2020" class="citation journal cs1">Medina, Juan M. Abal (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/lamp.12184">"Peronism Back in Power in Argentina: Economic Crisis and Political Stability"</a>. <i>Latin American Policy</i>. <b>11</b> (1). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%C3%81mbito+Financiero&rft.atitle=Con+un+llamado+a+mantener+la+unidad%2C+Alberto+asumi%C3%B3+la+presidencia+del+PJ&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft.aulast=Camarano&rft.aufirst=Cecilia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambito.com%2Fpolitica%2Falberto-fernandez%2Fcon-un-llamado-mantener-la-unidad-alberto-asumio-la-presidencia-del-pj-n5178351&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202103/548163-alberto-fernandez-asume-presidencia-consejo-pj.html">"Alberto Fernández asume la presidencia del Consejo del Partido Justicialista"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9lam" title="Télam">Télam</a></i> (in Spanish). 22 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220712152559/https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202103/548163-alberto-fernandez-asume-presidencia-consejo-pj.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=T%C3%A9lam&rft.atitle=Alberto+Fern%C3%A1ndez+asume+la+presidencia+del+Consejo+del+Partido+Justicialista&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telam.com.ar%2Fnotas%2F202103%2F548163-alberto-fernandez-asume-presidencia-consejo-pj.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pagina12.com.ar/558210-elecciones-argentina-2023-el-cierre-de-las-alianzas-electora">"Elecciones Argentina 2023: "Unión por la Patria" es el nuevo nombre del Frente de Todos"</a>. <i>Página12</i> (in Spanish). 14 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=P%C3%A1gina12&rft.atitle=Elecciones+Argentina+2023%3A+%22Uni%C3%B3n+por+la+Patria%22+es+el+nuevo+nombre+del+Frente+de+Todos&rft.date=2023-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagina12.com.ar%2F558210-elecciones-argentina-2023-el-cierre-de-las-alianzas-electora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/28/argentina-election-incumbent-concedes-defeat-in-presidential-vote.html">"Argentine incumbent Mauricio Macri concedes defeat in presidential vote"</a>. <i>CNBC</i>. 27 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Argentine+incumbent+Mauricio+Macri+concedes+defeat+in+presidential+vote&rft.date=2019-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2019%2F10%2F28%2Fargentina-election-incumbent-concedes-defeat-in-presidential-vote.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMúgica_Díaz2023" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Múgica Díaz, Joaquín (14 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infobae.com/politica/2023/06/14/union-por-la-patria-el-nuevo-nombre-elegido-por-el-frente-de-todos-para-las-elecciones/">"Unión por la Patria es el nuevo nombre elegido por el Frente de Todos para las elecciones"</a>. <i>Infobae</i> (in Spanish).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infobae&rft.atitle=Uni%C3%B3n+por+la+Patria+es+el+nuevo+nombre+elegido+por+el+Frente+de+Todos+para+las+elecciones&rft.date=2023-06-14&rft.aulast=M%C3%BAgica+D%C3%ADaz&rft.aufirst=Joaqu%C3%ADn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infobae.com%2Fpolitica%2F2023%2F06%2F14%2Funion-por-la-patria-el-nuevo-nombre-elegido-por-el-frente-de-todos-para-las-elecciones%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goñi_2023-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Goñi_2023_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goñi_2023_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoñi2023" class="citation news cs1">Goñi, Uki (14 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/14/argentina-far-right-populist-javier-milei-shock-lead-primary-presidential-elections">"Far-right outsider takes shock lead in Argentina primary election"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Far-right+outsider+takes+shock+lead+in+Argentina+primary+election&rft.date=2023-08-14&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Go%C3%B1i&rft.aufirst=Uki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Faug%2F14%2Fargentina-far-right-populist-javier-milei-shock-lead-primary-presidential-elections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/21/argentinas-president-fernandez-will-not-seek-re-election">"Argentina's President Fernandez will not seek re-election"</a>. <i>Al-Jazeera</i>. 21 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al-Jazeera&rft.atitle=Argentina%27s+President+Fernandez+will+not+seek+re-election&rft.date=2023-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F4%2F21%2Fargentinas-president-fernandez-will-not-seek-re-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/balotaje-2023-en-argentina-en-vivo-nid18112023/">"Balotaje 2023, en vivo: los resultados y las noticias minuto a minuto de las elecciones"</a>. <i>LA NACION</i> (in Spanish). 19 November 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231119085250/https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/balotaje-2023-en-argentina-en-vivo-nid18112023/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LA+NACION&rft.atitle=Balotaje+2023%2C+en+vivo%3A+los+resultados+y+las+noticias+minuto+a+minuto+de+las+elecciones&rft.date=2023-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.com.ar%2Fpolitica%2Fbalotaje-2023-en-argentina-en-vivo-nid18112023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Milei_Victory-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Milei_Victory_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTagliabúe2023" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tagliabúe, Leonardo (19 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infobae.com/politica/2023/11/19/sergio-massa-reconocio-la-derrota-y-javier-milei-sera-el-proximo-presidente-de-la-argentina/">"Contundente triunfo de Javier Milei: será el próximo presidente de la Argentina"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Infobae" title="Infobae">Infobae</a></i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231120001825/https://www.infobae.com/politica/2023/11/19/sergio-massa-reconocio-la-derrota-y-javier-milei-sera-el-proximo-presidente-de-la-argentina/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infobae&rft.atitle=Contundente+triunfo+de+Javier+Milei%3A+ser%C3%A1+el+pr%C3%B3ximo+presidente+de+la+Argentina&rft.date=2023-11-19&rft.aulast=Tagliab%C3%BAe&rft.aufirst=Leonardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infobae.com%2Fpolitica%2F2023%2F11%2F19%2Fsergio-massa-reconocio-la-derrota-y-javier-milei-sera-el-proximo-presidente-de-la-argentina%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatsushita1986" class="citation book cs1">Matsushita, Hiroshi (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15206718"><i>Movimiento obrero argentino, 1930–1945 : sus proyecciones en los orígenes del peronismo</i></a>. Buenos Aires: Hyspamerica. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/950-614-427-3" title="Special:BookSources/950-614-427-3"><bdi>950-614-427-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/15206718">15206718</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Movimiento+obrero+argentino%2C+1930%E2%80%931945+%3A+sus+proyecciones+en+los+or%C3%ADgenes+del+peronismo&rft.place=Buenos+Aires&rft.pub=Hyspamerica&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F15206718&rft.isbn=950-614-427-3&rft.aulast=Matsushita&rft.aufirst=Hiroshi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F15206718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuna1984" class="citation book cs1">Luna, Félix (1984). <i>El 45</i>. Buenos Aires: Hyspamérica. p. 219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+45&rft.place=Buenos+Aires&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=Hyspam%C3%A9rica&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Luna&rft.aufirst=F%C3%A9lix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlotkin2012" class="citation book cs1">Plotkin, Mariano Ben (2012). <i>El día que se inventó el peronismo</i>. Sudamericana.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+d%C3%ADa+que+se+invent%C3%B3+el+peronismo&rft.pub=Sudamericana&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Plotkin&rft.aufirst=Mariano+Ben&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorre1990" class="citation book cs1">Torre, Juan Carlos (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/22454334"><i>La vieja guardia sindical y Perón : sobre los orígenes del peronismo</i></a>. Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/950-07-0602-4" title="Special:BookSources/950-07-0602-4"><bdi>950-07-0602-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/22454334">22454334</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+vieja+guardia+sindical+y+Per%C3%B3n+%3A+sobre+los+or%C3%ADgenes+del+peronismo&rft.place=Buenos+Aires&rft.pub=Editorial+Sudamericana&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F22454334&rft.isbn=950-07-0602-4&rft.aulast=Torre&rft.aufirst=Juan+Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F22454334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Levitsky-2005-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Levitsky-2005_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Levitsky-2005_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevitsky2005" class="citation book cs1">Levitsky, Steven (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/66904266"><i>La transformación del justicialismo : del partido sindical al partido clientelista, 1983–1999</i></a>. Leandro Wolfson (1a. ed.). Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/987-1013-38-8" title="Special:BookSources/987-1013-38-8"><bdi>987-1013-38-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/66904266">66904266</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+transformaci%C3%B3n+del+justicialismo+%3A+del+partido+sindical+al+partido+clientelista%2C+1983%E2%80%931999&rft.place=Buenos+Aires&rft.edition=1a.&rft.pub=Siglo+XXI&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F66904266&rft.isbn=987-1013-38-8&rft.aulast=Levitsky&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F66904266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallihan2023" class="citation journal cs1">Wallihan, Jake (2023). "The Strength of Democracy in Argentina and Where it Stands Today". <i>The Journal of Foreign Affairs at Carolina</i>. <b>8</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a>: 27. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17615%2Fkj66-1m54">10.17615/kj66-1m54</a>. <q>Historically, the PJ was a leftist, populist party with statist policies commonly seen in Latin America during this period.)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Foreign+Affairs+at+Carolina&rft.atitle=The+Strength+of+Democracy+in+Argentina+and+Where+it+Stands+Today&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=27&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17615%2Fkj66-1m54&rft.aulast=Wallihan&rft.aufirst=Jake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerkman2022" class="citation book cs1">Herkman, Juha (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/122119"><i>A Cultural Approach to Populism</i></a>. Routledge. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781003267539">10.4324/9781003267539</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12657%2F75920">20.500.12657/75920</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-003-26753-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-003-26753-9"><bdi>978-1-003-26753-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Cultural+Approach+to+Populism&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.12657%2F75920&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781003267539&rft.isbn=978-1-003-26753-9&rft.aulast=Herkman&rft.aufirst=Juha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdirectory.doabooks.org%2Fhandle%2F20.500.12854%2F122119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wylde_138-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wylde_138_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wylde_138_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWylde2017" class="citation book cs1">Wylde, Christopher (2017). <i>Emerging Markets and the State: Developmentalism in the 21st Century</i>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. <span class="nowrap">138–</span>139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F978-1-137-55655-4">10.1057/978-1-137-55655-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-55654-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-55654-7"><bdi>978-1-137-55654-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emerging+Markets+and+the+State%3A+Developmentalism+in+the+21st+Century&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E138-%3C%2Fspan%3E139&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F978-1-137-55655-4&rft.isbn=978-1-137-55654-7&rft.aulast=Wylde&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmeringer2009" class="citation book cs1">Ameringer, Charles D. (2009). <i>The Socialist Impulse: Latin America in the Twentieth Century</i>. University Press of Florida. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8130-3812-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8130-3812-4"><bdi>978-0-8130-3812-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Socialist+Impulse%3A+Latin+America+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Florida&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8130-3812-4&rft.aulast=Ameringer&rft.aufirst=Charles+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wylde_140-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wylde_140_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWylde2017" class="citation book cs1">Wylde, Christopher (2017). <i>Emerging Markets and the State: Developmentalism in the 21st Century</i>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 140. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F978-1-137-55655-4">10.1057/978-1-137-55655-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-55654-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-55654-7"><bdi>978-1-137-55654-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emerging+Markets+and+the+State%3A+Developmentalism+in+the+21st+Century&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F978-1-137-55655-4&rft.isbn=978-1-137-55654-7&rft.aulast=Wylde&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanis1992" class="citation book cs1">Ranis, Peter (1992). <i>Argentine Workers: Peronism and Contemporary Class Consciousness</i>. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">20–</span>25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8229-3703-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8229-3703-4"><bdi>0-8229-3703-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Argentine+Workers%3A+Peronism+and+Contemporary+Class+Consciousness&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E20-%3C%2Fspan%3E25&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-8229-3703-4&rft.aulast=Ranis&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brennan_6-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brennan_6_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_P._Brennan1998" class="citation book cs1">James P. Brennan (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/peronismargentin0000unse"><i>Peronism and Argentina</i></a>. Scholarly Resources Inc. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8420-2706-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8420-2706-8"><bdi>0-8420-2706-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peronism+and+Argentina&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Scholarly+Resources+Inc.&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-8420-2706-8&rft.au=James+P.+Brennan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fperonismargentin0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrassweller1987" class="citation book cs1">Crassweller, Robert D. (1987). <i>Peron and the Enigmas of Argentina</i>. Penguin Books Canada Ltd. p. 334. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-02381-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-02381-8"><bdi>0-393-02381-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peron+and+the+Enigmas+of+Argentina&rft.pages=334&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+Canada+Ltd.&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-393-02381-8&rft.aulast=Crassweller&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-collier_495-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-collier_495_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollierCollier1991" class="citation book cs1">Collier, Ruth Berins; Collier, David (1991). <i>Shaping the political arena: critical junctures, the labor movement, and regime dynamics in Latin America</i>. Princeton University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">495–</span>496. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-02313-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-02313-1"><bdi>0-691-02313-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shaping+the+political+arena%3A+critical+junctures%2C+the+labor+movement%2C+and+regime+dynamics+in+Latin+America&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E495-%3C%2Fspan%3E496&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-691-02313-1&rft.aulast=Collier&rft.aufirst=Ruth+Berins&rft.au=Collier%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_James_(historian)" title="Daniel James (historian)">James, Daniel</a> (1988). <i>Resistance and integration: Peronism and the Argentine working class, 1946-1976</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 210. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-46682-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-46682-2"><bdi>0-521-46682-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Resistance+and+integration%3A+Peronism+and+the+Argentine+working+class%2C+1946-1976&rft.pages=210&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-521-46682-2&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHodges1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Donald_C._Hodges" title="Donald C. Hodges">Hodges, Donald</a> (1991). <i>Argentina's "Dirty War": An Intellectual Biography</i>. <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a>: University of Texas Press. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-292-77689-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-292-77689-0"><bdi>978-0-292-77689-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Argentina%27s+%22Dirty+War%22%3A+An+Intellectual+Biography&rft.place=Austin%2C+Texas&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-292-77689-0&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHedges2021" class="citation book cs1">Hedges, Jill (2021). <i>Juan Perón: The Life of the People's Colonel</i>. I.B. Tauris. p. 211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7556-0268-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7556-0268-1"><bdi>978-0-7556-0268-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Juan+Per%C3%B3n%3A+The+Life+of+the+People%27s+Colonel&rft.pages=211&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0-7556-0268-1&rft.aulast=Hedges&rft.aufirst=Jill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJusticialist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Party&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pj.org.ar">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053668#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Argentine_political_parties" title="Template:Argentine political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Argentine_political_parties" title="Template talk:Argentine political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Argentine_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Argentine political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Argentina_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Argentina&#124;link=Argentina557" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Argentina" title="List of political parties in Argentina">Political parties in Argentina</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Argentine Chamber of Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">Union for the Homeland</a> – 118</b> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Justicialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewal_Front" title="Renewal Front">Renewal Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Front_for_Santiago" title="Civic Front for Santiago">Civic Front for Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evita_Movement" title="Evita Movement">Evita Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Commitment" title="Federal Commitment">Federal Commitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Encounter" title="New Encounter">New Encounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FORJA_Concertation_Party" title="FORJA Concertation Party">FORJA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolina" title="Kolina">Kolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina">Revolutionary Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Party_(Argentina)" title="Victory Party (Argentina)">Victory Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patria_Grande_Front" title="Patria Grande Front">Patria Grande Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidary_Party" title="Solidary Party">Solidary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Culture,_Education_and_Labour" title="Party of Culture, Education and Labour">Culture, Education and Labour</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Juntos_por_el_Cambio" title="Juntos por el Cambio">Juntos por el Cambio</a> – 117</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Proposal" title="Republican Proposal">Republican Proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Civic_Union" title="Radical Civic Union">Radical Civic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Coalition_ARI" title="Civic Coalition ARI">Civic Coalition ARI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generation_for_a_National_Encounter" title="Generation for a National Encounter">GEN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integration_and_Development_Movement" title="Integration and Development Movement">Integration and Development Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNIR_Constitutional_Nationalist_Party" title="UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party">UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_and_Labour" title="Production and Labour">Production and Labour</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avanzar_San_Luis" class="extiw" title="es:Avanzar San Luis">Advance San Luis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_Party" title="Dialogue Party">Dialogue Party</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republicanos_Unidos" class="extiw" title="es:Republicanos Unidos">United Republicans</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Federal_Consensus" title="Federal Consensus">Federal Consensus</a> – 8</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/We_Do_for_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="We Do for Córdoba">We Do for Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Argentina)" title="Socialist Party (Argentina)">Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Position_Party" title="Third Position Party">Third Position Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Provincial parties – 5</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front_for_the_Renewal_of_Concord" title="Front for the Renewal of Concord">Front for the Renewal of Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Together_We_Are_R%C3%ADo_Negro" title="Together We Are Río Negro">Together We Are Río Negro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuqu%C3%A9n_People%27s_Movement" title="Neuquén People's Movement">Neuquén People's Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Left_Front" title="Workers' Left Front">Workers' Left Front</a> – 4</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Argentina)" title="Workers' Party (Argentina)">Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers%27_Party_(Argentina)" title="Socialist Workers' Party (Argentina)">Socialist Workers' Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Libertarians – 4</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avanza_Libertad" title="Avanza Libertad">Avanza Libertad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Libertad_Avanza" title="La Libertad Avanza">La Libertad Avanza</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Senate" title="Argentine Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Homeland" title="Union for the Homeland">Union for the Homeland</a> – 35</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Civic_Union" title="Radical Civic Union">Radical Civic Union</a> – 20</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Proposal" title="Republican Proposal">Republican Proposal</a> – 9</li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avanzar_San_Luis" class="extiw" title="es:Avanzar San Luis">Advance San Luis</a> – 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_for_the_Renewal_of_Concord" title="Front for the Renewal of Concord">Party of Social Concord</a> – 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuqu%C3%A9n_People%27s_Movement" title="Neuquén People's Movement">Neuquén People's Movement</a> – 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Peronism" title="Federal Peronism">Federal Peronism</a> – 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_and_Labour" title="Production and Labour">Production and Labour</a> – 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Together_We_Are_R%C3%ADo_Negro" title="Together We Are Río Negro">Together We Are Río Negro</a> – 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Do_for_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="We Do for Córdoba">We Do for Córdoba</a> – 1</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extra-parliamentary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authentic_Socialist_Party_(Argentina)" title="Authentic Socialist Party (Argentina)">Authentic Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Front_(Argentina)" title="Broad Front (Argentina)">Broad Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_(Argentina)" title="Christian Democratic Party (Argentina)">Christian Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_People%27s_Party_(Argentina)" title="Conservative People's Party (Argentina)">Conservative People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina" title="Communist Party of Argentina">Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Argentina)" title="Democratic Party (Argentina)">Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party_(Argentina)" title="Democratic Progressive Party (Argentina)">Democratic Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_Party" title="Faith Party">Faith Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Commitment" title="Federal Commitment">Federal Commitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Party_(1973)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Party (1973)">Federal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemen_of_the_South_Movement" title="Freemen of the South Movement">Freemen of the South</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_Party_(Argentina)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Green Party (Argentina) (page does not exist)">Green Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanist_Party_(Argentina)" title="Humanist Party (Argentina)">Humanist Party</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimiento_Independiente_de_Justicia_y_Dignidad" class="extiw" title="es:Movimiento Independiente de Justicia y Dignidad">Independent Movement of Justice and Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intransigent_Party" title="Intransigent Party">Intransigent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Blue_and_White_Union" title="Light Blue and White Union">Light Blue and White Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood_Action_Movement" title="Neighbourhood Action Movement">Neighbourhood Action Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Leadership" title="New Leadership">New Leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Socialism_(Argentina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement for Socialism (Argentina)">New Movement for Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtica_Abierta_para_la_Integridad_Social" class="extiw" title="es:Política Abierta para la Integridad Social">Open Politics for Social Integrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Popular_Union" title="Federal Popular Union">Federal Popular Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Argentina)" title="Popular Unity (Argentina)">Popular Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proyecto_Sur" title="Proyecto Sur">Proyecto Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewal_Crusade" title="Renewal Crusade">Renewal Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Progreso_Social" class="extiw" title="es:Partido Progreso Social">Social Progress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Left_(Argentina)" title="Socialist Left (Argentina)">Socialist Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somos_(political_party)" title="Somos (political party)">Somos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Democratic_Centre_(Argentina)" title="Union of the Democratic Centre (Argentina)">Union of the Democratic Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Socialist_Movement_(Argentina)" title="Workers' Socialist Movement (Argentina)">Workers' Socialist Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Argentina" title="Provinces of Argentina">Provincial</a> parties<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(recognized in only<br />one province)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Federal Capital</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina_(Extraordinary_Congress)" title="Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress)">Communist Party (Extraordinary Congress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-determination_and_Freedom" title="Self-determination and Freedom">Self-determination and Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confianza_P%C3%BAblica" class="extiw" title="es:Confianza Pública">Public Trust</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Province" title="Buenos Aires Province">Buenos Aires</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Patriot_Front_(Argentina)" title="Patriot Front (Argentina)">Patriot Front</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Catamarca_Province" title="Catamarca Province">Catamarca</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Civic_and_Social_Front_of_Catamarca" title="Civic and Social Front of Catamarca">Civic and Social Front of Catamarca</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chaco_Province" title="Chaco Province">Chaco</a></b> (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acci%C3%B3n_Chaque%C3%B1a" class="extiw" title="es:Acción Chaqueña">Chaco Action</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevo_Espacio_de_Participaci%C3%B3n" class="extiw" title="es:Nuevo Espacio de Participación">New Space of Participation</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chubut_Province" title="Chubut Province">Chubut</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/We_Are_All_Chubut" title="We Are All Chubut">We Are All Chubut</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_Province,_Argentina" title="Córdoba Province, Argentina">Córdoba</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/We_Do_for_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="We Do for Córdoba">We Do for Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Front_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Civic Front of Córdoba">Civic Front of Córdoba</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Corrientes_Province" title="Corrientes Province">Corrientes</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Action_for_the_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Action for the Republic">Action for the Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomist_Party_of_Corrientes" title="Autonomist Party of Corrientes">Autonomist Party of Corrientes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Corrientes" title="Liberal Party of Corrientes">Liberal Party of Corrientes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Party_(Corrientes)" title="New Party (Corrientes)">New Party</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jujuy_Province" title="Jujuy Province">Jujuy</a></b> (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimiento_Popular_Juje%C3%B1o" class="extiw" title="es:Movimiento Popular Jujeño">Jujuy People's Movement</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_por_la_Soberan%C3%ADa_Popular" class="extiw" title="es:Partido por la Soberanía Popular">Party for Popular Sovereignty</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mendoza_Province" title="Mendoza Province">Mendoza</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Protector_Political_Force" title="Protector Political Force">Protector Political Force</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Misiones_Province" title="Misiones Province">Misiones</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Front_for_the_Renewal_of_Concord" title="Front for the Renewal of Concord">Party of Social Concord</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Neuqu%C3%A9n_Province" title="Neuquén Province">Neuquén</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Neuqu%C3%A9n_People%27s_Movement" title="Neuquén People's Movement">Neuquén People's Movement</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Negro_Province" title="Río Negro Province">Río Negro</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Together_We_Are_R%C3%ADo_Negro" title="Together We Are Río Negro">Together We Are Río Negro</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Salta_Province" title="Salta Province">Salta</a></b> (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahora_Patria" class="extiw" title="es:Ahora Patria">Fatherland Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salta_Identity_Party" title="Salta Identity Party">Salta Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salta_Renewal_Party" title="Salta Renewal Party">Salta Renewal Party</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Province,_Argentina" title="San Juan Province, Argentina">San Juan</a></b> (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Bloquista" class="extiw" title="es:Partido Bloquista">Bloquista Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_and_Labour" title="Production and Labour">Production and Labour</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Province" title="San Luis Province">San Luis</a></b> (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avanzar_San_Luis" class="extiw" title="es:Avanzar San Luis">Advance San Luis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_and_Liberty_Party" title="Unity and Liberty Party">Unity and Liberty Party</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Santiago_del_Estero_Province" title="Santiago del Estero Province">Santiago del Estero</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Civic_Front_for_Santiago" title="Civic Front for Santiago">Civic Front for Santiago</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego_Province,_Argentina" title="Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina">Tierra del Fuego</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Fueguian_People%27s_Movement" title="Fueguian People's Movement">Fueguian People's Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patagonian_Social_Party" title="Patagonian Social Party">Patagonian Social Party</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tucum%C3%A1n_Province" title="Tucumán Province">Tucumán</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Force" title="Republican Force">Republican Force</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%C3%A1n_Alfaro" class="extiw" title="es:Germán Alfaro">Party for Social Justice</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country" title="List of ruling political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Argentina" title="Politics of Argentina">Politics of Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Former_political_parties_in_Argentina" title="Template:Former political parties in Argentina">Argentine former political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Peronism242" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Peronism" title="Template:Peronism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Peronism" title="Template talk:Peronism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Peronism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Peronism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Peronism242" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Peronism" title="Peronism">Peronism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Peronism" title="Federal Peronism">Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirchnerism" title="Kirchnerism">Kirchnerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menemism" title="Menemism">Menemism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Peronism" title="Orthodox Peronism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Peronism" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Peronism">Revolutionary</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg/80px-Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg/120px-Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg/160px-Escudo_de_la_Provincia_de_Presidente_Per%C3%B3n_-sin_silueta-.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="92" data-file-height="133" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Argentina" title="List of heads of state of Argentina">Presidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Per%C3%B3n" title="Juan Perón">Juan Perón</a> (1946–1955; 1973–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Jos%C3%A9_C%C3%A1mpora" title="Héctor José Cámpora">Héctor J. Cámpora</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Lastiri" title="Raúl Lastiri">Raúl Lastiri</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Per%C3%B3n" title="Isabel Perón">Isabel Perón</a> (1974–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> (1989–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Duhalde" title="Eduardo Duhalde">Eduardo Duhalde</a> (2002–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a> (2003–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a> (2007–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a> (2019–2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Per%C3%B3n" title="Eva Perón">Eva Perón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_Mercante" title="Domingo Mercante">Domingo Mercante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Cooke" title="John William Cooke">John William Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_Parodi" title="Delia Parodi">Delia Parodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Abal_Medina" title="Juan Manuel Abal Medina">Juan Manuel Abal Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_J._Ben%C3%ADtez" title="Antonio J. Benítez">Antonio J. Benítez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ignacio_Rucci" title="José Ignacio Rucci">José Ignacio Rucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Vandor" title="Augusto Vandor">Augusto Vandor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Tosco" title="Agustín Tosco">Agustín Tosco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_L%C3%B3pez_Rega" title="José López Rega">José López Rega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Miguel" title="Lorenzo Miguel">Lorenzo Miguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cafiero" title="Antonio Cafiero">Antonio Cafiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%BAl_Ubaldini" title="Saúl Ubaldini">Saúl Ubaldini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Moyano" title="Hugo Moyano">Hugo Moyano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Massa" title="Sergio Massa">Sergio Massa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ximo_Kirchner" title="Máximo Kirchner">Máximo Kirchner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties and<br />subgroups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Justicialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Union_(Argentina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Union (Argentina)">Popular Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Front_(Argentina)" title="Broad Front (Argentina)">Broad Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Commitment" title="Federal Commitment">Federal Commitment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evita_Movement" title="Evita Movement">Evita Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_C%C3%A1mpora" title="La Cámpora">La Cámpora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewal_Front" title="Renewal Front">Renewal Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Argentina)" title="Labour Party (Argentina)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Civic_Union" title="Radical Civic Union">Radical Civic Union (Junta Renovadora)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(Argentina)" title="Independent Party (Argentina)">Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_Peronist_Party" title="Female Peronist Party">Female Peronist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tendencia_Revolucionaria" title="Tendencia Revolucionaria">Tendencia Revolucionaria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peronist_Armed_Forces" title="Peronist Armed Forces">Peronist Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montoneros" title="Montoneros">Montoneros</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justicialist_Liberation_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Justicialist Liberation Front">FREJULI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Front_of_Popular_Unity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justicialist Front of Popular Unity (page does not exist)">FREJUPO</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Front_(1995)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justicialist Front (1995) (page does not exist)">Justicialist Front</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justicialist_Consensus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justicialist Consensus (page does not exist)">Concertación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Todos" title="Frente de Todos">Frente de Todos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyalty_Day_(Argentina)" title="Loyalty Day (Argentina)">October 17th Demonstration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Argentine_general_election" title="1946 Argentine general election">1946 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_Libertadora" title="Revolución Libertadora">1955 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Montoneros_from_Plaza_de_Mayo" title="Expulsion of Montoneros from Plaza de Mayo">Expulsion of Montoneros from Plaza de Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezeiza_massacre" title="Ezeiza massacre">Ezeiza massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pact_of_Olivos" title="Pact of Olivos">Pact of Olivos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Confederation_of_Labour_(Argentina)" title="General Confederation of Labour (Argentina)">General Confederation of Labour</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peronist_March" title="Peronist March">Marcha Peronista</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Constitution_of_1949" title="Argentine Constitution of 1949">1949 Constitution</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Peronists" title="Category:Peronists">Category:Peronists</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Peronism" title="Category:Peronism">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kirchnerism100" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kirchnerism" title="Template:Kirchnerism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kirchnerism" title="Template talk:Kirchnerism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kirchnerism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kirchnerism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kirchnerism100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kirchnerism" title="Kirchnerism">Kirchnerism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9stor_Kirchner" title="Néstor Kirchner">Néstor Kirchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristina_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Kirchner" title="Cristina Fernández de Kirchner">Cristina Fernández de Kirchner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Justicialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Front_(Argentina)" title="Broad Front (Argentina)">Broad Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina_(Extraordinary_Congress)" title="Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress)">Communist Party of Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolina" title="Kolina">Kolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanist_Party_(Argentina)" title="Humanist Party (Argentina)">Humanist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Encounter" title="New Encounter">New Encounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidary_Party" title="Solidary Party">Solidary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patria_Grande_Front" title="Patria Grande Front">Patria Grande Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FORJA_Concertation_Party" title="FORJA Concertation Party">FORJA Concertation Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Party_(Argentina)" title="Victory Party (Argentina)">Victory Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political coalitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front_for_Victory" title="Front for Victory">Front for Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen%27s_Unity" title="Citizen's Unity">Citizen's Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Todos_(2019_coalition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frente de Todos (2019 coalition)">Frente de Todos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Party wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evita_Movement" title="Evita Movement">Evita Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_C%C3%A1mpora" title="La Cámpora">La Cámpora</a> (youth wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radicales_K" title="Radicales K">Radicales K</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Alperovich" title="José Alperovich">José Alperovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amado_Boudou" title="Amado Boudou">Amado Boudou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Cabandi%C3%A9" title="Juan Cabandié">Juan Cabandié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Cafiero" title="Santiago Cafiero">Santiago Cafiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Capitanich" title="Jorge Capitanich">Jorge Capitanich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Cerruti" title="Gabriela Cerruti">Gabriela Cerruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Espinoza_(politician)" title="Fernando Espinoza (politician)">Fernando Espinoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Alberto Fernández">Alberto Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Aníbal Fernández">Aníbal Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Filmus" title="Daniel Filmus">Daniel Filmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilda_Garr%C3%A9" title="Nilda Garré">Nilda Garré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Gioja" title="José Luis Gioja">José Luis Gioja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Kicillof" title="Axel Kicillof">Axel Kicillof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alicia_Kirchner" title="Alicia Kirchner">Alicia Kirchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ximo_Kirchner" title="Máximo Kirchner">Máximo Kirchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Larroque" title="Andrés Larroque">Andrés Larroque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Manzur" title="Juan Luis Manzur">Juan Luis Manzur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Massa" title="Sergio Massa">Sergio Massa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Moreno" title="Guillermo Moreno">Guillermo Moreno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Parrilli" title="Oscar Parrilli">Oscar Parrilli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florencio_Randazzo" title="Florencio Randazzo">Florencio Randazzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Recalde" title="Mariano Recalde">Mariano Recalde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Rossi" title="Agustín Rossi">Agustín Rossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Sabbatella" title="Martín Sabbatella">Martín Sabbatella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milagro_Sala" title="Milagro Sala">Milagro Sala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Scioli" title="Daniel Scioli">Daniel Scioli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Taiana" title="Jorge Taiana">Jorge Taiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_de_Vido" title="Julio de Vido">Julio de Vido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Zannini" title="Carlos Zannini">Carlos Zannini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carta_Abierta" title="Carta Abierta">Carta Abierta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relato_K" title="Relato K">Relato K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Route_of_the_K-Money" class="mw-redirect" title="The Route of the K-Money">The Route of the K-Money</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Peronism" title="Peronism">Peronism</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Justicialist_Party&params=34_36_40.5_S_58_24_0.5_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°36′40.5″S</span> <span class="longitude">58°24′0.5″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.611250°S 58.400139°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.611250; -58.400139</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img 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