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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Semaoen" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Semaoen" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Semaoen" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Semaoen" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Masa_kecil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masa_kecil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Masa kecil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masa_kecil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Politik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengasingan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengasingan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pengasingan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengasingan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kematian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kematian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kematian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kematian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_budaya_populer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_budaya_populer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dalam budaya populer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_budaya_populer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Referensi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Catatan_kaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan_kaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Catatan kaki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan_kaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Semaoen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 4 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaun" title="Semaun – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Semaun" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaun" title="Semaun – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Semaun" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Семаун – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Семаун" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E6%B8%A9" title="司马温 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="司马温" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4415079#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Semaoen" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Semaoen" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Semaoen"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Semaoen"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Semaoen" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Semaoen" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&oldid=26197075" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Semaoen&id=26197075&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSemaoen"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSemaoen"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Semaoen"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Semaoen&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4415079" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Dialihkan dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaun&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Semaun">Semaun</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Semaoen</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Semaoen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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.nilai:before{content:"—";animation-name:animate;animation-duration:2s;animation-delay:1s;animation-iteration-count:infinite}@keyframes nilai{0%{content:"Memuat"}5%{content:"Mengambil data penilaian dari halaman pembicaraan"}80%{content:"Memuat"}87%{content:"Mengubah susunan templat WP Banner"}89%{content:"Menyiapkan"}98%{content:"Selesai"}100%{content:""}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Ketua_Umum_Partai_Komunis_Indonesia" title="Daftar Ketua Umum Partai Komunis Indonesia">Hoofdbestuur Partai Komunis Indonesia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none; line-height: normal"><span class="nowrap"><b>Masa jabatan</b></span><br />13 Februari 1922 – 10 Juni 1924</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="justify-content: center;vertical-align: middle;" class="flex-container"><div><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sebelum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arrow_left_pictogram.png/5px-Arrow_left_pictogram.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arrow_left_pictogram.png/8px-Arrow_left_pictogram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arrow_left_pictogram.png/10px-Arrow_left_pictogram.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="2048" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="text-align:left;width:43%;font-size:87%"><span class="nowrap"><b>Pendahulu</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Tan_Malaka" title="Tan Malaka">Tan Malaka</a></div><div></div><div style="text-align:right;width:43%;font-size:87%"><span class="nowrap"><b>Pengganti</b></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Winanta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Winanta (halaman belum tersedia)">Winanta</a></div><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sebelum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png/5px-Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png/8px-Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png/10px-Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="2048" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none; line-height: normal"><span class="nowrap"><b>Masa jabatan</b></span><br />23 Mei 1920 – 25 Desember 1921</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="justify-content: center;vertical-align: middle;" class="flex-container"><div><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sebelum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arrow_left_pictogram.png/5px-Arrow_left_pictogram.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arrow_left_pictogram.png/8px-Arrow_left_pictogram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arrow_left_pictogram.png/10px-Arrow_left_pictogram.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="2048" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="text-align:left;width:43%;font-size:87%"><span class="nowrap"><b>Pendahulu</b></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=C.Hartogh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C.Hartogh (halaman belum tersedia)">C.Hartogh</a><br />(ISDV)</div><div></div><div style="text-align:right;width:43%;font-size:87%"><span class="nowrap"><b>Pengganti</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Tan_Malaka" title="Tan Malaka">Tan Malaka</a></div><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sebelum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png/5px-Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png/8px-Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png/10px-Arrow_right_pictogram_01.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="2048" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25451299"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender">Informasi pribadi</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lahir</th><td class="infobox-data">1899<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart bday">1899</span>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Curahmalang,_Sumobito,_Jombang" title="Curahmalang, Sumobito, Jombang">Curahmalang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jombang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jombang">Jombang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keresidenan_Surabaya" title="Keresidenan Surabaya">Keresidenan Surabaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindia_Belanda" title="Hindia Belanda">Hindia Belanda</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Meninggal</th><td class="infobox-data">7 April 1971<span style="display:none">(1971-04-07)</span> (umur 71–72)<br /><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kebangsaan</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pekerjaan</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syarikat_Islam_Indonesia" title="Syarikat Islam Indonesia">Sarekat Islam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indische_Sociaal-Democratische_Vereeniging" class="mw-redirect" title="Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging">Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging</a> (ISDV)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Partai_Komunis_Indonesia" title="Partai Komunis Indonesia">Partai Komunis Indonesia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;margin-top:0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%; line-height:1;text-align:left;padding-top:0.2em;height:18px"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=top&editintro=Templat:Kebijakan_biografi_aktual"><b>Sunting kotak info</b></a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_pemegang_jabatan" title="Templat:Kotak info pemegang jabatan">L</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Kotak_info_pemegang_jabatan" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kotak info pemegang jabatan">B</a><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_pemegang_jabatan/doc" title="Templat:Kotak info pemegang jabatan/doc"><img alt="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Semaoen</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ejaan_yang_Disempurnakan" title="Ejaan yang Disempurnakan">EYD</a>: <b>Semaun</b>; 1899 – 7 April 1971) adalah Ketua Umum Pertama <a href="/wiki/Partai_Komunis_Indonesia" title="Partai Komunis Indonesia">Partai Komunis Indonesia</a> (PKI). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Masa_kecil">Masa kecil</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Masa kecil" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Masa kecil"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Semaoen adalah anak Prawiroatmodjo, pegawai rendahan, tepatnya tukang batu, di jawatan kereta api. Meskipun bukan anak orang kaya maupun priayi, Semaoen berhasil masuk ke sekolah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tweede_Klas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tweede Klas (halaman belum tersedia)">Tweede Klas</a> (sekolah <a href="/wiki/Bumiputra" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bumiputra">bumiputra</a> kelas dua) dan memperoleh pendidikan tambahan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">bahasa Belanda</a> dengan mengikuti semacam kursus sore hari. Setelah menyelesaikan sekolah dasar, ia tidak dapat melanjutkan ke jenjang pendidikan lebih tinggi. Karena itu, ia kemudian bekerja di Staatsspoor (SS) <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a> sebagai juru tulis (<i>klerk</i>) kecil. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Politik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kemunculannya di panggung politik pergerakan dimulai di usia belia, 14 tahun. Saat itu, tahun <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>, ia bergabung dengan <a href="/wiki/Sarekat_Islam" title="Sarekat Islam">Sarekat Islam</a> (SI) <i>afdeeling</i> Surabaya. Setahun kemudian, <a href="/wiki/1915" title="1915">1915</a>, bertemu dengan <a href="/wiki/Sneevliet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneevliet">Sneevliet</a> dan diajak masuk ke <a href="/wiki/Indische_Sociaal-Democratische_Vereeniging" class="mw-redirect" title="Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging">Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging</a>, organisasi sosial demokrat Hindia Belanda (ISDV) afdeeling Surabaya yang didirikan <a href="/wiki/Sneevliet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneevliet">Sneevliet</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Vereeniging_voor_Spoor-en_Tramwegpersoneel" class="mw-redirect" title="Vereeniging voor Spoor-en Tramwegpersoneel">Vereeniging voor Spoor-en Tramwegpersoneel</a>, serikat buruh kereta api dan trem (VSTP) afdeeling Surabaya. Pekerjaan di Staatsspoor akhirnya ditinggalkannya pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> sejalan dengan kepindahannya ke Semarang karena diangkat menjadi propagandis VSTP yang digaji. Penguasaan bahasa Belanda yang baik, terutama dalam membaca dan mendengarkan, minatnya untuk terus memperluas pengetahuan dengan belajar sendiri, hubungan yang cukup dekat dengan Sneevliet, merupakan faktor-faktor penting mengapa Semaoen dapat menempati posisi penting di kedua organisasi Belanda itu. </p><p>Di <a href="/wiki/Semarang" class="mw-redirect" title="Semarang">Semarang</a>, ia juga menjadi redaktur surat kabar VSTP berbahasa Melayu, dan <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinar_Djawa-Sinar_Hindia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinar Djawa-Sinar Hindia (halaman belum tersedia)">Sinar Djawa-Sinar Hindia</a></i>, koran Sarekat Islam Semarang. Semaoen adalah figur termuda dalam organisasi. Pada tahun belasan itu, ia dikenal sebagai jurnalis yang andal dan cerdas. Ia juga memiliki kejelian yang sering dipakai sebagai senjata ampuh dalam menyerang kebijakan-kebijakan kolonial. </p><p>Pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> dia juga menjadi anggota dewan pimpinan di <a href="/wiki/Sarekat_Islam" title="Sarekat Islam">Sarekat Islam</a> (SI). Sebagai Ketua SI Semarang, Semaoen banyak terlibat dengan pemogokan buruh. Pemogokan terbesar dan sangat berhasil di awal tahun 1918 dilancarkan 300 pekerja industri furnitur. Pada tahun 1920, terjadi lagi pemogokan besar-besaran di kalangan buruh industri cetak yang melibatkan SI Semarang. Pemogokan ini berhasil memaksa majikan untuk menaikkan upah buruh sebesar 20 persen dan uang makan 10 persen. </p><p>Bersama-sama dengan <a href="/wiki/Alimin" title="Alimin">Alimin</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Darsono" class="mw-disambig" title="Darsono">Darsono</a>, Semaoen mewujudkan cita-cita Sneevliet untuk memperbesar dan memperkuat gerakan <a href="/wiki/Komunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Komunis">komunis</a> di Hindia Belanda. Sikap dan prinsip komunisme yang dianut Semaoen membuat renggang hubungannya dengan anggota SI lainnya. Pada <a href="/wiki/23_Mei" title="23 Mei">23 Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a>, Semaoen mengganti ISDV menjadi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Partai_Komunis_Hindia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partai Komunis Hindia (halaman belum tersedia)">Partai Komunis Hindia</a>. Tujuh bulan kemudian, namanya diubah menjadi <a href="/wiki/Partai_Komunis_Indonesia" title="Partai Komunis Indonesia">Partai Komunis Indonesia</a> dan Semaoen sebagai ketuanya. </p><p>Pada bulan Mei 1921, ketika <a href="/wiki/Partai_Komunis_Indonesia" title="Partai Komunis Indonesia">Partai Komunis Indonesia</a> didirikan setelah pendiri ISDV dideportasi, Semaoen menjadi ketua pertama. PKI pada awalnya adalah bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Sarekat_Islam" title="Sarekat Islam">Sarekat Islam</a>, tetapi akibat perbedaan paham akhirnya membuat kedua kekuatan besar di SI ini berpisah pada bulan Oktober <a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>. Pada akhir tahun itu juga dia meninggalkan Indonesia untuk pergi ke <a href="/wiki/Moskow" title="Moskow">Moskow</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Tan_Malaka" title="Tan Malaka">Tan Malaka</a> menggantikannya sebagai Ketua Umum. Setelah kembali ke Indonesia pada bulan Mei <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>, dia mendapatkan kembali posisi Ketua Umum dan mencoba untuk meraih pengaruhnya kembali di SI tetapi kurang berhasil. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengasingan">Pengasingan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Pengasingan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengasingan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>, VSTP merencanakan demonstrasi besar-besaran dan langsung dihentikan oleh pemerintah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolonial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolonial (halaman belum tersedia)">kolonial</a> Belanda, dan setelah itu Semaoen diasingkan ke <a href="/wiki/Belanda" title="Belanda">Belanda</a>. Selama masa pengasingannya dia kembali ke <a href="/wiki/Uni_Sovyet" class="mw-redirect" title="Uni Sovyet">Uni Sovyet</a>, dimana dia tinggal disana lebih dari 30 tahun. Pada masa itu dia tetap menjadi aktivis tetapi hanya dalam aksi-aksi terbatas, berbicara beberapa kali di <a href="/wiki/Perhimpunan_Indonesia" title="Perhimpunan Indonesia">Perhimpunan Indonesia</a>, organisasi mahasiswa di Belanda pada masa itu. Dia juga sempat belajar di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitas_Tashkent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitas Tashkent (halaman belum tersedia)">Universitas Tashkent</a> untuk beberapa waktu. </p><p>Selama pembuangan ke Eropa, Semaoen aktif di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Executive_Committee_of_the_Comintern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Executive Committee of the Comintern (halaman belum tersedia)">Executive Committee of the Comintern</a>, Komite Eksekutif Komunis Internasional (ECCI). Setelah beberapa tahun tinggal di Belanda, Semaoen lalu menetap di <a href="/wiki/Uni_Soviet" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a> dan menjadi warga negara di sana. Ia pernah bekerja sebagai pengajar bahasa Indonesia dan penyiar berbahasa Indonesia pada radio <a href="/wiki/Moscow" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>. Puncak "kariernya" adalah ketika diangkat oleh <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a> menjadi pimpinan Badan Perancang Negara (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gozplan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gozplan (halaman belum tersedia)">Gozplan</a>) di <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a>. </p><p>Setelah masa pengasingannya dia kembali ke Indonesia, dan pindah ke <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>. Kepulangan Semaoen ke Indonesia pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a> merupakan inisiatif <a href="/wiki/Iwa_Kusumasumantri" class="mw-redirect" title="Iwa Kusumasumantri">Iwa Kusumasumantri</a>. Semaoen, Iwa, dan Sekjen Partai Komunis Iran menikahi tiga putri kakak-adik yang saat itu bekerja dalam Comintern. </p><p>Saat kembali ke Indonesia dalam usia setengah abad lebih, Semaoen telah terputus dari PKI, partai yang ia dirikan. Dari tahun <a href="/wiki/1959" title="1959">1959</a> sampai dengan tahun <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a> dia bekerja sebagai pegawai pemerintah. Dia juga mengajar mata kuliah <a href="/wiki/Ekonomi" title="Ekonomi">ekonomi</a> di <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Padjadjaran" title="Universitas Padjadjaran">Universitas Padjadjaran</a> (Unpad), <a href="/wiki/Bandung" class="mw-redirect" title="Bandung">Bandung</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dia diberikan gelar <a href="/wiki/Doktor_Honoris_Causa" class="mw-redirect" title="Doktor Honoris Causa">Doktor Honoris Causa</a> dari Unpad pada 2 Agustus 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kematian">Kematian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Kematian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kematian"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Semaoen meninggal pada 7 April 1971 dan dimakamkan di pemakaman keluarga R.A. Prawira Atmaja, di Pemakaman Umum Gununggansir, <a href="/wiki/Beji,_Pasuruan" title="Beji, Pasuruan">Beji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabupaten_Pasuruan" title="Kabupaten Pasuruan">Pasuruan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawa_Timur" title="Jawa Timur">Jawa Timur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_budaya_populer">Dalam budaya populer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam budaya populer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam budaya populer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dalam film <i><a href="/wiki/Tjokroaminoto:_Guru_Bangsa" title="Tjokroaminoto: Guru Bangsa">Tjokroaminoto: Guru Bangsa</a></i> (2015), Semaoen diperankan oleh <a href="/wiki/Tanta_Ginting" title="Tanta Ginting">Tanta Ginting</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jarvis, Helen (1991). Notes and appendices for Tan Malaka, From Jail to Jail. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies.</li> <li>Kahin, George McT. (1952) Nationalism and revolution in Indonesia. Ithaca, New York:Cornell University Press.</li> <li>Ricklefs, M.C. (2001) A history of modern Indonesia since c.1200 3rd ed. Stanford, California:Stanford University Press</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catatan_kaki">Catatan kaki</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan kaki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan kaki"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Semaoen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Tenaga_manusia_postulat_teori_ekonomi_te.html?id=jd97nQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y"><i>Tenaga manusia postulat teori ekonomi terpimpin Djakarta, Penerbitan Universitas</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). publisher not identified.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tenaga+manusia+postulat+teori+ekonomi+terpimpin+Djakarta%2C+Penerbitan+Universitas&rft.pub=publisher+not+identified&rft.au=Semaoen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.id%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FTenaga_manusia_postulat_teori_ekonomi_te.html%3Fid%3Djd97nQEACAAJ%26redir_esc%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASemaoen" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/nasional/pr-017349815/semaun-pendiri-pki-bergelar-doktor-honoris-causa-rektor-unpad-tahun-1961-pejuang-ekonomi?page=all">"Semaun Pendiri PKI Bergelar Doktor Honoris Causa, Rektor Unpad Tahun 1961: Pejuang Ekonomi"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">19 Agu</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Semaun+Pendiri+PKI+Bergelar+Doktor+Honoris+Causa%2C+Rektor+Unpad+Tahun+1961%3A+Pejuang+Ekonomi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pikiran-rakyat.com%2Fnasional%2Fpr-017349815%2Fsemaun-pendiri-pki-bergelar-doktor-honoris-causa-rektor-unpad-tahun-1961-pejuang-ekonomi%3Fpage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASemaoen" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Redaksi (2017-10-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wartabromo.com/2017/10/04/ternyata-makam-semaun-ketum-pertama-pki-di-beji-pasuruan/">"Ternyata, Makam Semaun Ketum Pertama PKI di Beji Pasuruan"</a>. <i>WartaBromo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-04-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WartaBromo&rft.atitle=Ternyata%2C+Makam+Semaun+Ketum+Pertama+PKI+di+Beji+Pasuruan&rft.date=2017-10-04&rft.au=Redaksi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wartabromo.com%2F2017%2F10%2F04%2Fternyata-makam-semaun-ketum-pertama-pki-di-beji-pasuruan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASemaoen" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Indonesia" lang="Indonesia">(Indonesia)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0505/21/pustaka/1763839.htm">Semaoen, Aktivis Buruh dan Pemikir</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070306192127/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0505/21/pustaka/1763839.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-03-06 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Kompas 21 Mei 2005.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&oldid=26197075">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semaoen&oldid=26197075</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kelahiran_1899" title="Kategori:Kelahiran 1899">Kelahiran 1899</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kematian_1971" title="Kategori:Kematian 1971">Kematian 1971</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tokoh_komunis_Indonesia" title="Kategori:Tokoh komunis Indonesia">Tokoh komunis Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Politikus_Indonesia" title="Kategori:Politikus Indonesia">Politikus Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tokoh_dari_Jombang" title="Kategori:Tokoh dari Jombang">Tokoh dari Jombang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Politikus_Partai_Komunis_Indonesia" title="Kategori:Politikus Partai Komunis Indonesia">Politikus Partai Komunis Indonesia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_argumen_ganda_di_pemanggilan_templat" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan argumen ganda di pemanggilan templat">Halaman dengan argumen ganda di pemanggilan templat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_sumber_berbahasa_Inggris_(en)" title="Kategori:CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)">CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_biografi_dengan_tabel_penghargaan" title="Kategori:Artikel biografi dengan tabel penghargaan">Artikel biografi dengan tabel penghargaan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 20 Agustus 2024, pukul 18.54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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