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window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":104815858,"created_at":"2023-07-22T04:42:48.524-07:00","from_world_paper_id":237723239,"updated_at":"2024-11-27T11:29:57.550-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","ai_title_tag":"Late-Pleistocene U-Th and ESR Dating of Singa Hominid, Sudan","grobid_abstract":"The Singa (Sudan) calvaria has been interpreted previously as a terminal Pleistocene modern human fossil, perhaps related to the Bushman of Southern Africa. Here we report new mass-spectrometric U-Th dates for the calcrete deposit enclosing the fossil teeth and the calvaria itself and new electron spin resonance (ESR) dates for associated dental materials. The new data constrain the age of the hominid to at least 133 2 ka. Together with the preferred linear uptake (LU) ESR dates, the U-Th data confirm that the intriguing mixture of modern and archaic characteristics in the Singa specimen date from isotope stage 6. Far from being a modern human fossil, it represents a rare example of an archaic African population which may have been ancestral to all modern Homo sapiens.","publication_date":"1996,,","publication_name":"Journal of Human Evolution","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"104444106"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"New Late-Pleistocene uranium–thorium and ESR dates for the Singa hominid (Sudan)","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [6124430]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div 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href="https://griffith.academia.edu/MaximeAubert">Maxime Aubert</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Quaternary International, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Challenge of Direct Dating Old Human Fossils","attachmentId":2053132,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/461586/The_Challenge_of_Direct_Dating_Old_Human_Fossils","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/461586/The_Challenge_of_Direct_Dating_Old_Human_Fossils"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="14452955" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14452955/Late_Pleistocene_Human_Skull_from_Hofmeyr_South_Africa_and_Modern_Human_Origins">Late Pleistocene Human Skull from Hofmeyr, South Africa, and Modern Human Origins</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="23423705" href="https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/KaterinaHarvati">Katerina Harvati</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Late Pleistocene Human Skull from Hofmeyr, South Africa, and Modern Human Origins","attachmentId":44137147,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14452955/Late_Pleistocene_Human_Skull_from_Hofmeyr_South_Africa_and_Modern_Human_Origins","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14452955/Late_Pleistocene_Human_Skull_from_Hofmeyr_South_Africa_and_Modern_Human_Origins"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="36895918" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36895918/Duval_et_al_2018_The_first_direct_ESR_dating_of_a_hominin_tooth_from_Atapuerca_Gran_Dolina_TD6">Duval et al 2018 The first direct ESR dating of a hominin tooth from Atapuerca Gran Dolina TD6</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12489378" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LauraMart%C3%ADnFranc%C3%A9s">Laura Martín-Francés</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A B S T R A C T The present study reports the results of the first direct Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating study of Homo antecessor, the oldest known hominin species identified in Western Europe. The analysis of a tooth (ATD6-92) from TD6 unit of Atapuerca Gran Dolina (Spain) following a " semi non-destructive " procedure provides a final age estimate ranging from 624 to 949 ka, which covers all possible uranium uptake scenarios. Last, the additional magnetostratigraphic data collected within TD6 enables to further constrain the initial ESR chronology and to propose an age of between 772 and 949 ka for Homo antecessor, in agreement with previous dating works. Although our new results do not refine the existing chronology of TD6 unit, they nevertheless support the antiquity of H. antecessor, which pre-dates the estimated divergence age of modern and archaic human lineages based on genetic evidence. This work illustrates the challenges of dating human teeth by means of the ESR method, with the main pitfalls that are sometimes inherent to this specific application (e.g., systematic μCT-scanning of fossil hominin teeth; limited knowledge about the original sedimentary environment for teeth coming from old excavations; heterogeneous spatial distribution of the U-series elements in dental tissues). We identified several sources of uncertainty that may directly impact the accuracy of the age result. In particular, a slight contamination of dentine (< 6%) in the enamel fragment measured by ESR was found to induce a significant age underestimation (33%) if not taken into consideration. It indeed caused not only a D E underestimation (by about 8%), but also produced a massive internal dose rate overestimation (by a factor of about 3.5). In contrast, other sources of uncertainty, such as the heterogeneity of the sedimentary environment, the variability of the water content over time, the previous μCT-scanning of the tooth or the potential preferential creation of unstable NOCORs in the ESR signal, showed here a limited impact on the final age result. Given our current understanding of the ESR method and the existing uncertainties associated with the evaluation of the D E and dose rate, this is probably as far as we can presently go in the dating study of ATD6-92 sample.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Duval et al 2018 The first direct ESR dating of a hominin tooth from Atapuerca Gran Dolina TD6","attachmentId":56847854,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36895918/Duval_et_al_2018_The_first_direct_ESR_dating_of_a_hominin_tooth_from_Atapuerca_Gran_Dolina_TD6","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36895918/Duval_et_al_2018_The_first_direct_ESR_dating_of_a_hominin_tooth_from_Atapuerca_Gran_Dolina_TD6"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="2515063" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2515063/A_critique_of_the_chronometric_evidence_for_hominid_fossils_I_Africa_and_the_Near_East_500_50_ka">A critique of the chronometric evidence for hominid fossils: I. Africa and the Near East 500–50 ka</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3274833" href="https://durham.academia.edu/AndrewMillard">Andrew Millard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Human Evolution, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The chronometric dating evidence for all hominid fossils from Africa and the Near East that have previously been dated to 500–50 ka is critically assessed using the concept of chronometric hygiene, and these dates are revised using Bayesian statistical analyses where possible. Sixteen relevant hominid sites lacking chronometric evidence are briefly discussed. Chronometric evidence from 37 sites is assessed in detail. The dates for many hominid fossils are poorly constrained, with a number dated by comparisons of faunal assemblages—a method that does not have good chronological resolution for much of the last million years. For sites with stratigraphic sequences of dates, it is generally possible to refine the dating, but in some cases, the revised chronology is less precise than previous chronologies. Fossils over 200 ka in age tend to be poorly dated, but for the last 200 kyr, dating is better due to the availability of electron-spin-resonance and thermoluminescence dating. Consideration of the chronologies favored by the proponents of the out-of-Africa and multiregional hypotheses of human evolution shows their selectivity. The chronological assessment of the fossils here is compatible with either hypothesis. If evolutionary schemes that do not rely on the morphology of the hominid fossils to decide the sequence of fossils are to be built, then further dating is required, alongside full publication of existing dates.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A critique of the chronometric evidence for hominid fossils: I. Africa and the Near East 500–50 ka","attachmentId":50588035,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2515063/A_critique_of_the_chronometric_evidence_for_hominid_fossils_I_Africa_and_the_Near_East_500_50_ka","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2515063/A_critique_of_the_chronometric_evidence_for_hominid_fossils_I_Africa_and_the_Near_East_500_50_ka"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="12795774" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12795774/Cosmogenic_nuclide_dating_of_Australopithecus_bahrelghazali_and_Sahelanthropus_tchadensis_Mio_Pliocene_Hominids_from_Chad">Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Australopithecus bahrelghazali and Sahelanthropus tchadensis: Mio-Pliocene Hominids from Chad</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31867026" href="https://univ-amu.academia.edu/DBourl%C3%A8s">D. Bourlès</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32054654" href="https://univ-amu.academia.edu/ALebatard">A. Lebatard</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38541585" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NArnaud">N. Arnaud</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33201939" href="https://college-de-france.academia.edu/MichelBrunet">Michel Brunet</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13354638" href="https://cerege.academia.edu/regisbraucher">Régis Braucher</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. …, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Australopithecus bahrelghazali and Sahelanthropus tchadensis: Mio-Pliocene Hominids from Chad","attachmentId":37827424,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12795774/Cosmogenic_nuclide_dating_of_Australopithecus_bahrelghazali_and_Sahelanthropus_tchadensis_Mio_Pliocene_Hominids_from_Chad","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12795774/Cosmogenic_nuclide_dating_of_Australopithecus_bahrelghazali_and_Sahelanthropus_tchadensis_Mio_Pliocene_Hominids_from_Chad"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":104444106,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":104444106,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_104444106" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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