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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86_67" title="الموطن 67 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الموطن 67" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82_67" title="Хабитат 67 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хабитат 67" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_%2767" title="Habitat '67 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Habitat '67" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%90%D7%98_67%27" title="הביטאט 67' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הביטאט 67'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82_67" title="Хабитат 67 – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хабитат 67" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_67" title="ഹാബിറ്റാറ്റ് 67 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹാബിറ്റാറ്റ് 67" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%93%E3%82%BF67%E5%9B%A3%E5%9C%B0" title="アビタ67団地 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アビタ67団地" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82_67" title="Хабитат 67 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хабитат 67" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_67" title="Habitat 67 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Habitat 67" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%96%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%B067" title="栖息地67 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="栖息地67" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Habitat_67&params=45_30_00_N_73_32_38_W_type:landmark_scale:2500"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°30′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°32′38″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.50000°N 73.54389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.50000; -73.54389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Housing complex built for 1967 World's Fair in Montreal</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the housing complex. For the adjacent surf break, see <a href="/wiki/Habitat_67_(standing_wave)" title="Habitat 67 (standing wave)">Habitat 67 (standing wave)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Cleanup-lang plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article should <b>specify the language</b> of its non-English content, using <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Langx" title="Template:Langx">langx</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Transliteration" title="Template:Transliteration">transliteration</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for transliterated languages, and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA" title="Template:IPA">IPA</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_ISO_639_codes" title="Lists of ISO 639 codes">ISO 639 code</a>. Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_multilingual_support_templates" title="Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates">multilingual support templates</a> may also be used.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Lang#Rationale" title="Template:Lang">See why</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Habitat_67&params=45_30_00_N_73_32_38_W_type:landmark_scale:2500"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°30′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°32′38″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.50000°N 73.54389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.50000; -73.54389</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg/375px-Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg" decoding="async" width="375" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg/563px-Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg/750px-Montreal_-_QC_-_Habitat67.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3580" data-file-height="2276" /></a><figcaption>Habitat 67, as seen from street level</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Habitat 67</b>, or simply <b>Habitat</b>, is a housing complex at <a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_du_Havre" title="Cité du Havre">Cité du Havre</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lawrence_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Lawrence River">Saint Lawrence River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal, Quebec</a>, Canada, designed by <a href="/wiki/Israelis" title="Israelis">Israeli</a>-<a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a>-<a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">American</a> architect <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Safdie" title="Moshe Safdie">Moshe Safdie</a>. It originated in his master's thesis at the <a href="/wiki/McGill_School_of_Architecture" title="McGill School of Architecture">School of Architecture</a> at <a href="/wiki/McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill University</a> and then an amended version was built for <a href="/wiki/Expo_67" title="Expo 67">Expo 67</a>, a <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Fair">World's Fair</a> held from April to October 1967. Its address is 2600 Avenue Pierre-Dupuy, next to the Marc-Drouin <a href="/wiki/Quay" class="mw-redirect" title="Quay">Quay</a>. Habitat 67 is considered an architectural <a href="/wiki/Landmark" title="Landmark">landmark</a> and a recognized building in Montreal.<sup id="cite_ref-patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thestar1997_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thestar1997-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-csm_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csm-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg/200px-Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg/300px-Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg/400px-Habitat_67_Montreal_Close-up_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Inside the complex: a semi-covered walkway connecting two sections of units</figcaption></figure> <p>Safdie's design for Habitat 67 began as a thesis project for his architecture program at McGill University. It was "highly recognized" at the institution, though Safdie cites its failure to win the Pilkington Prize, an award for the best thesis at Canadian schools of architecture, as early evidence of its controversial nature.<sup id="cite_ref-qq_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qq-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After leaving to work with <a href="/wiki/Louis_Kahn" title="Louis Kahn">Louis Kahn</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, Safdie was approached by <a href="/wiki/Sandy_van_Ginkel" title="Sandy van Ginkel">Sandy van Ginkel</a>, his former thesis advisor, to develop the master plan for Expo 67, the world's fair that was set to take place in Montreal during 1967. Safdie decided to propose his thesis as one of the <a href="/wiki/Expo_67_pavilions" title="Expo 67 pavilions">pavilions</a> and began developing his plan.<sup id="cite_ref-qq_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qq-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the plans were approved in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Sharp" title="Mitchell Sharp">Mitchell Sharp</a>, the federal cabinet minister responsible for the exhibition, and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Lester B. Pearson</a>, Safdie was given the blessing of the Expo 67 Director of Installations, Edward Churchill, to leave the planning committee in order to work on the building project as an independent architect.<sup id="cite_ref-qq_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qq-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The construction was done by Anglin-Norcross Ltd. of Montreal.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Safdie was awarded the project in spite of his relative youth and inexperience, an opportunity he later described as "a fairy tale, an amazing fairy tale."<sup id="cite_ref-qq_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qq-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original plans called for 1,200 homes at a cost of $45 million.<sup id="cite_ref-archinect_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archinect-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Safdie could only secure funding for a much reduced construction. This smaller development (about CA$22.4 million)<sup id="cite_ref-cbc.ca-safdie-habitat-asia_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-safdie-habitat-asia-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was financed by the federal government, but is now owned by its tenants, who formed a limited partnership that purchased the building from the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Mortgage_and_Housing_Corporation" title="Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation">Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation</a> in 1985. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Habitat_67_(Montreal).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Habitat_67_%28Montreal%29.jpg/350px-Habitat_67_%28Montreal%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Habitat_67_%28Montreal%29.jpg/525px-Habitat_67_%28Montreal%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Habitat_67_%28Montreal%29.jpg/700px-Habitat_67_%28Montreal%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>Habitat 67's interlocking forms, connected walkways and landscaped terraces were key in achieving Safdie's goal of a private and natural environment within the limits of a dense urban space.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept_and_design">Concept and design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Concept and design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Habitat 67 comprises 354 identical,<sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Prefabricated" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefabricated">prefabricated</a> <a href="/wiki/Concrete_forms" class="mw-redirect" title="Concrete forms">concrete forms</a> (11.7 m × 5.3 m × 3 m [38 ft 5 in × 17 ft 5 in × 9 ft 10 in])<sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> arranged in various combinations, divided into three pyramids,<sup id="cite_ref-gettyimages-aerial-habitat-67_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gettyimages-aerial-habitat-67-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reaching up to 12 residential storeys, with a parking level, and a building services level. Together these units created 146 residences of varying sizes and configurations, each formed from one to eight linked concrete units.<sup id="cite_ref-officialsite_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialsite-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The complex originally contained 158 apartments,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reduced from the original vision of 1,200,<sup id="cite_ref-archinect_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archinect-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but several apartments have since been joined to create larger units, reducing the total number. Each unit is connected to at least one private landscaped garden terrace,<sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> built on the roof of the level below,<sup id="cite_ref-officialsite_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialsite-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which can range from approximately 20 to 90 square metres (225 to 1,000 sq ft) in size.<sup id="cite_ref-officialsite_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialsite-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hgtv.ca-condo-sale-habitat-67_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hgtv.ca-condo-sale-habitat-67-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The apartments each had a moulded plastic bathroom and a modular kitchen.<sup id="cite_ref-cppci-PoM_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cppci-PoM-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The development was designed to integrate the benefits of suburban homes—namely gardens, fresh air, privacy, and multilevelled environments—with the economics and density of a modern urban <a href="/wiki/Apartment_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Apartment building">apartment building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thestar1997_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thestar1997-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was believed to illustrate the new lifestyle people would live in increasingly crowded cities around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Safdie's goal for the project to be affordable housing largely failed: demand for the building's units has made them more expensive than originally envisioned.<sup id="cite_ref-thestar1997_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thestar1997-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the existing structure was originally meant to only be the first phase of a much larger complex, but the high per-unit cost of approximately $140,000 ($22,120,000 for all 158) prevented that possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-globe1980_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globe1980-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="1967 costs (likely from the 22 million cost)? Cost per square metre would inform the reader better. (August 2014)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The structural engineer for the project was <a href="/wiki/August_Komendant" title="August Komendant">August Eduard Komendant</a>, an Estonian-American structural engineer and a pioneer in the field of prestressed concrete.<sup id="cite_ref-10.7202/1082359ar_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10.7202/1082359ar-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Habitat_67,_southwest_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Habitat_67%2C_southwest_view.jpg/325px-Habitat_67%2C_southwest_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="325" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Habitat_67%2C_southwest_view.jpg/488px-Habitat_67%2C_southwest_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Habitat_67%2C_southwest_view.jpg/650px-Habitat_67%2C_southwest_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5778" data-file-height="3852" /></a><figcaption>Habitat 67, southwest view</figcaption></figure> <p>The theme of Expo 67 was "Man and His World", taken from <a href="/wiki/Antoine_de_Saint-Exup%C3%A9ry" title="Antoine de Saint-Exupéry">Antoine de Saint-Exupéry</a>'s memoir <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Wind,_Sand_and_Stars" title="Wind, Sand and Stars">Terre des hommes</a></i></span> (literally, 'world of man', though it was published under the title <i>Wind, Sand and Stars</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Housing was also one of the main themes of Expo 67. Habitat 67 then became a thematic pavilion visited by thousands of visitors who came from around the world, and during the expo also served as the temporary residence of the many dignitaries visiting Montreal. </p><p>In March 2012, Habitat 67 won an online <a href="/wiki/Lego_Architecture" title="Lego Architecture">Lego Architecture</a> poll and is a candidate to be added to the list of famous buildings that inspire a special replica <a href="/wiki/Lego" title="Lego">Lego</a> set. Lego bricks were actually used in the initial planning for Habitat; according to Safdie's firm, "initial models of the project were built using Lego bricks and subsequent iterations were also built with Lego bricks".<sup id="cite_ref-The_Toronto_Star_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Toronto_Star-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Access">Access</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Residents have private shuttle access to downtown Montreal, but access by foot is difficult.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Guided tours are offered to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the extension of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_STM_bus_routes" title="List of STM bus routes">777 Casino</a> bus route of the <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_transport_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Société de transport de Montréal">Société de transport de Montréal</a> began serving Habitat 67, providing the complex with public transport access for the first time. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2017, <a href="/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post">Canada Post</a> issued a commemorative stamp for the 50th anniversary of Expo 67 featuring the structure.<sup id="cite_ref-Mafi2017_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mafi2017-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, from June 1 through August 13, <i>Habitat '67 vers l'avenir / The Shape of Things to Come</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-westmount-mag-habitat-67_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-westmount-mag-habitat-67-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an exhibition at Centre de Design, <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec_%C3%A0_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Université du Québec à Montréal">Université du Québec à Montréal</a>, presented "archival images and objects from the project's origins with conceptual drawings, and models, bringing them together with plans for unbuilt iterations".<sup id="cite_ref-westmount-mag-habitat-67_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-westmount-mag-habitat-67-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a symbol<sup id="cite_ref-charlierose1997_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charlierose1997-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of Expo 67, which was attended by over 50 million people during the six months it was open, Habitat 67 gained worldwide acclaim as a "fantastic experiment"<sup id="cite_ref-thewalrus_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thewalrus-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "architectural wonder".<sup id="cite_ref-csm_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-csm-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This experiment was and is regarded as both a success and failure—it "redefined urban living"<sup id="cite_ref-charlierose2011_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charlierose2011-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has since become "a very successful co-op",<sup id="cite_ref-thestar1997_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thestar1997-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but at the same time ultimately failed to revolutionize affordable housing or launch a wave of prefabricated, modular development as Safdie had envisioned.<sup id="cite_ref-thestar1997_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thestar1997-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite its problems, however, Habitat's fame and success "made [Safdie's] reputation"<sup id="cite_ref-charlierose1997_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charlierose1997-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and helped launch his career; Safdie has now designed over 75 buildings and master plans around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-charlierose2011_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charlierose2011-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Decades after Habitat, much of Safdie's work still holds to the concepts that were so fundamental to its design, especially the themes of reimagining high-density housing and improving social integration through architecture that have become "synonymous" with his work.<sup id="cite_ref-designbuild_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-designbuild-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> quoted<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Walrus" title="The Walrus">The Walrus</a></i> assessment of it as a "failed dream".<sup id="cite_ref-thewalrus_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thewalrus-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, Safdie Architects, in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Epic_Games" title="Epic Games">Epic Games</a>, modeled the entirety of the original (much larger) vision in <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-archinect_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archinect-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The music video for <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen's</a> song "<a href="/wiki/In_My_Secret_Life" title="In My Secret Life">In My Secret Life</a>" was filmed at Habitat 67, as were scenes of the 1977 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Disappearance_(film)" title="The Disappearance (film)">The Disapperance</a></i>. </p><p>It appears on the covers of the 2003 album <i><a href="/wiki/Velocity_:_Design_:_Comfort" title="Velocity : Design : Comfort">Velocity : Design : Comfort</a></i> by American electronic/experimental rock act <a href="/wiki/Sweet_Trip" title="Sweet Trip">Sweet Trip</a> and the 2012 album <i><a href="/wiki/The_North_(Stars_album)" title="The North (Stars album)">The North</a></i> by Canadian indie pop band <a href="/wiki/Stars_(Canadian_band)" title="Stars (Canadian band)">Stars</a>. It also appears on the album cover of Landslide's <i>Drum & Bossa / Buddah</i>, his debut single from 1999 that was released on <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Records" title="Hospital Records">Hospital Records</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Panorama">Panorama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Panorama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Habitat_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Habitat 67 as seen from Montreal's port"><img alt="A wide image showing a complete view of Habitat 67 as seen from the port." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Habitat_panorama.jpg/800px-Habitat_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Habitat_panorama.jpg/1200px-Habitat_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Habitat_panorama.jpg/1600px-Habitat_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4985" data-file-height="1195" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Habitat_panorama.jpg" title="File:Habitat panorama.jpg"> </a></div>Habitat 67 as seen from Montreal's port</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Canada" title="Architecture of Canada">Architecture of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutalism">Brutalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyson_Institute_Village" title="Dyson Institute Village">Dyson Institute Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolism_(architecture)" title="Metabolism (architecture)">Metabolism (architecture)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structuralism_(architecture)" title="Structuralism (architecture)">Structuralism (architecture)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc.ca/rpcq/detail.do?methode=consulter&id=98890&type=bien">Habitat 67</a> - <a href="/wiki/Quebec_Cultural_Heritage_Directory" title="Quebec Cultural Heritage Directory">Quebec Cultural Heritage Directory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_Communications_(Quebec)" title="Ministry of Culture and Communications (Quebec)">Ministry of Culture and Communications (Quebec)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thestar1997-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thestar1997_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thestar1997_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thestar1997_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thestar1997_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thestar1997_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFox1997" class="citation news cs1">Fox, Matthew (January 4, 1997). "At home in Habitat". <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. p. J1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=At+home+in+Habitat&rft.pages=J1&rft.date=1997-01-04&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-csm-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-csm_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-csm_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLangan1997" class="citation news cs1">Langan, Fred (March 7, 1997). "The homey feeling of living in boxes". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitor" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>. p. 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=The+homey+feeling+of+living+in+boxes&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1997-03-07&rft.aulast=Langan&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIreland2024" class="citation news cs1">Ireland, Carolyn (2024-11-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/real-estate/article-a-masterpiece-in-montreal-made-of-stacked-cubes/">"A masterpiece in Montreal made of stacked cubes"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Rose" title="Charlie Rose">Charlie Rose</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/5485">the original</a> on March 28, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Charlie+Rose&rft.atitle=Safdie%2FStevens%2FWalker&rft.date=1997-06-27&rft.aulast=Safdie&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.charlierose.com%2Fview%2Finterview%2F5485&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thewalrus-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thewalrus_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thewalrus_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewalrus.ca/for-everyone-a-garden/">"For Everyone a Garden | The Walrus"</a>. 2008-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=For+Everyone+a+Garden+%7C+The+Walrus&rft.date=2008-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthewalrus.ca%2Ffor-everyone-a-garden%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-charlierose2011-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-charlierose2011_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-charlierose2011_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSafdie2011" class="citation interview cs1"><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Safdie" title="Moshe Safdie">Safdie, Moshe</a> (August 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141101020308/http://www.charlierose.com/watch/40030149">"Moshe Safdie; NFL team Owners Jerry Richardson & Jerry Jones"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Rose_(talk_show)" title="Charlie Rose (talk show)">Charlie Rose</a></i> (Interview). Interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Rose" title="Charlie Rose">Charlie Rose</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charlierose.com/watch/40030149">the original</a> on November 1, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Charlie+Rose&rft.atitle=Moshe+Safdie%3B+NFL+team+Owners+Jerry+Richardson+%26+Jerry+Jones&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft.aulast=Safdie&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.charlierose.com%2Fwatch%2F40030149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-designbuild-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-designbuild_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMakary2007" class="citation web cs1">Makary, Martin (February 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.designbuild-network.com/features/feature894/">"A Life Less Ordinary"</a>. <i>designbuild-network.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=designbuild-network.com&rft.atitle=A+Life+Less+Ordinary&rft.date=2007-02-01&rft.aulast=Makary&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.designbuild-network.com%2Ffeatures%2Ffeature894%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPaiement2015" class="citation news cs1">Paiement, Genevieve (2015-05-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/may/13/habitat-67-montreal-expo-moshe-safdie-history-cities-50-buildings-day-35">"Habitat 67, Montreal's 'failed dream' – a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 35"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Habitat+67%2C+Montreal%27s+%27failed+dream%27+%E2%80%93+a+history+of+cities+in+50+buildings%2C+day+35&rft.date=2015-05-13&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Paiement&rft.aufirst=Genevieve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcities%2F2015%2Fmay%2F13%2Fhabitat-67-montreal-expo-moshe-safdie-history-cities-50-buildings-day-35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Safdie, Moshe. "Fallacies, Nostalgia and Reality", in Habitat (<a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Central_Mortgage_and_Housing_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation">Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation</a>, July–August 1961).<sup id="cite_ref-riar_columbia_0054d_12233_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riar_columbia_0054d_12233-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Safdie, Moshe. "A Case for City Living: A Three-Dimensional Modular Building System" in Habitat (Ottawa: Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation, November–December 1961).<sup id="cite_ref-riar_columbia_0054d_12233_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riar_columbia_0054d_12233-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Safdie's architecture school thesis)</li> <li>Safdie, Moshe. "The Master Plan: Growth, Change, and Repetition" in Habitat (Ottawa: Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation, May–June 1962).<sup id="cite_ref-riar_columbia_0054d_12233_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riar_columbia_0054d_12233-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSafdie1965" class="citation journal cs1">Safdie, Moshe (1965). "Habitat 67". <i>Habitat</i>. <b>8</b> (5, 6). <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Central_Mortgage_and_Housing_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation">Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation</a>: 16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Habitat&rft.atitle=Habitat+67&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5%2C+6&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Safdie&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSafdie1967" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Safdie" title="Moshe Safdie">Safdie, Moshe</a> (1 February 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pci.org/PCI/Publications/PCI_Journal/Issues/1967/February/Habitat__67_-_Towards_the_Development_of_a_Building_System.aspx">"Habitat '67 – Towards the Development of a Building System"</a>. <i>PCI Journal</i>. <b>12</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Precast_concrete" title="Precast concrete">Precast</a>/<a href="/wiki/Prestressed_concrete" title="Prestressed concrete">Prestressed</a> Concrete Institute: <span class="nowrap">60–</span>66. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.15554%2Fpcij.02011967.60.66">10.15554/pcij.02011967.60.66</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PCI+Journal&rft.atitle=Habitat+%2767+%E2%80%93+Towards+the+Development+of+a+Building+System&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E60-%3C%2Fspan%3E66&rft.date=1967-02-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15554%2Fpcij.02011967.60.66&rft.aulast=Safdie&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pci.org%2FPCI%2FPublications%2FPCI_Journal%2FIssues%2F1967%2FFebruary%2FHabitat__67_-_Towards_the_Development_of_a_Building_System.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cac.mcgill.ca/moshesafdie/habitat/timeline2.htm"><i>Habitat 67</i> case study – timeline</a> – <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Architecture_Collection" title="Canadian Architecture Collection">Canadian Architecture Collection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/pls/portal/docs/page/cons_pat_mtl_fr/media/documents/partie_ii_le_secteur_de_la_cite_du_havre_1_0.PDF">Habitat 67</a> – <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Ville de Montréal</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFerguson1965" class="citation journal cs1">Ferguson, Ted (October 16, 1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625050859/https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1965/10/16/habitat-67-and-its-big-bad-wolf">"Habitat 67 and its Big Bad Wolf"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Maclean%27s" title="Maclean's">Maclean's</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1965/10/16/habitat-67-and-its-big-bad-wolf">the original</a> on 2022-06-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>. <q>...Mayor Paul O. Trépanier of Granby, Que., is...making a pretty fair bid to being remembered for years to come as the man who wrecked one of the boldest (or, as some would insist, most foolhardy) public projects ever attempted in Canada...Trépanier himself is an architect...with offices in Granby and Montreal and a dozen people on his professional payroll and eight hundred buildings to his credit – but a former president of the Quebec Architects' Association...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maclean%27s&rft.atitle=Habitat+67+and+its+Big+Bad+Wolf&rft.date=1965-10-16&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.macleans.ca%2Farticle%2F1965%2F10%2F16%2Fhabitat-67-and-its-big-bad-wolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFQuig1967" class="citation news cs1">Quig, James (August 19, 1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625051653/http://expo67.ncf.ca/expo_67_news_p33.html">"Home is a Concrete Box"</a>. <i>Weekend Magazine</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://expo67.ncf.ca/expo_67_news_p33.html">the original</a> on 25 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>. <q>rents during Expo range from $330 to $750...either of their bedrooms....after living with three-and-a-half bathrooms they find it difficult getting by with just one.....$470 rent a month</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weekend+Magazine&rft.atitle=Home+is+a+Concrete+Box&rft.date=1967-08-19&rft.aulast=Quig&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexpo67.ncf.ca%2Fexpo_67_news_p33.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://users.encs.concordia.ca/home/h/h_abaeia/Modular%20Construction/reports/Some%20Example%20of%20Modular%20Projects,Oct%202%202014/some%20examples%20of%20modular%20projects.pdf">Some Examples of Modular Construction</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221006104430/http://users.encs.concordia.ca/home/h/h_abaeia/Modular%20Construction/reports/Some%20Example%20of%20Modular%20Projects,Oct%202%202014/some%20examples%20of%20modular%20projects.pdf">Archived</a> 2022-10-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Safdie, Moshe, "Habitat : A Post-mortem," <a href="/wiki/RIBA_Journal" title="RIBA Journal">RIBA Journal</a>, November 1967, p. 493.<sup id="cite_ref-Search-RIBA-Catalogue_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Search-RIBA-Catalogue-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Komendant, August, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usmodernist.org/PA/PA-1968-03.PDF">Post-mortem on Habitat</a>," <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Architecture">Progressive Architecture</a>, March 1968, pp. 138–147.<sup id="cite_ref-usmodernist-pa_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usmodernist-pa-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEstonian_Museum_of_Architecture2022" class="citation book cs1">Estonian Museum of Architecture (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V4BsEAAAQBAJ&dq=Komendant&pg=PA424"><i>Miracles in Concrete: Structural Engineer August Komendant</i></a>. Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Birkh%C3%A4user" title="Birkhäuser">Birkhäuser</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-0356-2513-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-0356-2513-4"><bdi>978-3-0356-2513-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Miracles+in+Concrete%3A+Structural+Engineer+August+Komendant&rft.place=Switzerland&rft.pub=Birkh%C3%A4user&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-3-0356-2513-4&rft.au=Estonian+Museum+of+Architecture&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV4BsEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DKomendant%26pg%3DPA424&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLegault2021" class="citation journal cs1">Legault, Réjean (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.erudit.org/en/revue/jssac/2021/v46/n1/1082359ar.pdf">"The Making of Habitat 67: A Tense Pas de Deux between Moshe Safdie and August Komendant"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada</i>. <b>46</b> (1): 30. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7202%2F1082359ar">10.7202/1082359ar</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Society+for+the+Study+of+Architecture+in+Canada&rft.atitle=The+Making+of+Habitat+67%3A+A+Tense+Pas+de+Deux+between+Moshe+Safdie+and+August+Komendant&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=30&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7202%2F1082359ar&rft.aulast=Legault&rft.aufirst=R%C3%A9jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.erudit.org%2Fen%2Frevue%2Fjssac%2F2021%2Fv46%2Fn1%2F1082359ar.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Inderbir Singh Riar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/assets/media/files/riar_columbia_0054d_12233.pdf">Expo 67, or the Architecture of Late Modernity</a> – via: <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winnipegarchitecture.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/CMC-Proceedings_Eng.pdf">Conserving the Modern in Canada</a> – Winnipeg Architecture Foundation</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGuerber2003" class="citation thesis cs1">Guerber, John Robert (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/handle/20.500.12876/97347"><i>Gimme shelter: the I built house</i></a> (MA thesis). <a href="/wiki/Iowa_State_University" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State University</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31274%2Frtd-20200803-202">10.31274/rtd-20200803-202</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Gimme+shelter%3A+the+I+built+house&rft.inst=Iowa+State+University&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31274%2Frtd-20200803-202&rft.aulast=Guerber&rft.aufirst=John+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdr.lib.iastate.edu%2Fhandle%2F20.500.12876%2F97347&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharles2015" class="citation thesis cs1">Charles, Julia Morgan (August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/dr26z112s"><i>Shaping Time in the City: A Cultural History of Concrete Modernity in Montreal, 1903–2015</i></a> (PhD thesis). Department of Art History and Communication Studies McGill University, Montreal.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Shaping+Time+in+the+City%3A+A+Cultural+History+of+Concrete+Modernity+in+Montreal%2C+1903%E2%80%932015&rft.inst=Department+of+Art+History+and+Communication+Studies+McGill+University%2C+Montreal&rft.date=2015-08&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Julia+Morgan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.mcgill.ca%2Fconcern%2Ftheses%2Fdr26z112s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habitat_67&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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href="/wiki/Quebec_Cultural_Heritage_Directory" title="Quebec Cultural Heritage Directory">Quebec Cultural Heritage Directory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_Communications_(Quebec)" title="Ministry of Culture and Communications (Quebec)">Ministry of Culture and Communications (Quebec)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/habitat-67">Habitat 67</a> - <a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Encyclopedia" title="The Canadian Encyclopedia">The Canadian Encyclopedia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Historica_Canada" title="Historica Canada">Historica Canada</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150214042113/http://sorellarium13.space1999.net/habitat-67.htm">Habitat 67: 1967 and 2015-02-14</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/habitat-67-montreal">Habitat 67, Montreal</a> - <a href="/wiki/Getty_Images" title="Getty Images">Getty Images</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Habitat_67.html">Habitat 67</a> - Great Buildings .com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Habitat+67/@45.5010681,-73.544342,3a,75y,172.47h,105.43t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipPA9w3uMsPCgaJhjcsagdETlgx-q5dL5Vn4sWxy!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPA9w3uMsPCgaJhjcsagdETlgx-q5dL5Vn4sWxy%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi0-ya341-ro-0-fo100!7i7168!8i3584!4m5!3m4!1s0x4cc91af0fd0507f5:0x54874884e30cae4a!8m2!3d45.4998316!4d-73.5437127?hl=en">40+ Images of Habitat 67</a> - <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Château Ramezay">Château Ramezay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_d%27histoire_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Centre d'histoire de Montréal">Centre d'histoire de Montréal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Biodome" title="Montreal Biodome">Biodome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Saint-Gabriel_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Maison Saint-Gabriel Museum">Maison Saint-Gabriel Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Biosph%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreal Biosphère">Montreal Biosphère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Centre_for_Architecture" title="Canadian Centre for Architecture">Canadian Centre for Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCord_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="McCord Museum">McCord Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Insectarium" title="Montreal Insectarium">Montreal Insectarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Museum_of_Fine_Arts" title="Montreal Museum of Fine Arts">Montreal Museum of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27art_contemporain_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal">Musée d'art contemporain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe-%C3%A0-Calli%C3%A8re_Museum" title="Pointe-à-Callière Museum">Pointe-à-Callière Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redpath_Museum" title="Redpath Museum">Redpath Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Tinto_Alcan_Planetarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Tinto Alcan Planetarium">Rio Tinto Alcan Planetarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fur_Trade_at_Lachine_National_Historic_Site" title="The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site">The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Science_Centre" title="Montreal Science Centre">Montreal Science Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George-%C3%89tienne_Cartier_National_Historic_Site" title="Sir George-Étienne Cartier National Historic Site">Sir George-Étienne Cartier National Historic Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Montreal" title="Category:Churches in Montreal">Churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_Cathedral_(Montreal)" title="Christ Church Cathedral (Montreal)">Christ Church Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Michael_and_St._Anthony" title="Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony">Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_the_World_Cathedral" title="Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral">Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_Basilica_(Montreal)" title="Notre-Dame Basilica (Montreal)">Notre-Dame Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_James_United_Church_(Montreal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint James United Church (Montreal)">Saint James United Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_Oratory" title="Saint Joseph's Oratory">Saint Joseph's Oratory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Montreal" title="List of tallest buildings in Montreal">Skyscrapers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1000_de_La_Gaucheti%C3%A8re" title="1000 de La Gauchetière">1000 de La Gauchetière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1250_Ren%C3%A9-L%C3%A9vesque" title="1250 René-Lévesque">1250 René-Lévesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1501_McGill_College" title="1501 McGill College">1501 McGill College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_de_la_Bourse" title="Tour de la Bourse">Tour de la Bourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Ville_Marie" title="Place Ville Marie">Place Ville Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_CIBC" class="mw-redirect" title="Tour CIBC">Tour CIBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Life_Building" title="Sun Life Building">Sun Life Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complexe_Desjardins" title="Complexe Desjardins">Complexe Desjardins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmount_Square" title="Westmount Square">Westmount Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Radio-Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Maison Radio-Canada">Maison Radio-Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atwater_Market" title="Atwater Market">Atwater Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Centre" title="Bell Centre">Bell Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibeau_Orange_Julep" title="Gibeau Orange Julep">Big Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonsecours_Market" title="Bonsecours Market">Bonsecours Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Dufresne" title="Château Dufresne">Château Dufresne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Biblioth%C3%A8que" title="Grande Bibliothèque">Grande Bibliothèque</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Habitat 67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitations_Jeanne-Mance" title="Habitations Jeanne-Mance">Habitations Jeanne-Mance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurtubise_House" title="Hurtubise House">Hurtubise House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Talon_Market" title="Jean-Talon Market">Jean-Talon Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_Building_(McGill_University)" title="Arts Building (McGill University)">McCall MacBain Arts Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Casino" title="Montreal Casino">Montreal Casino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_City_Hall" title="Montreal City Hall">Montreal City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Clock_Tower" title="Montreal Clock Tower">Montreal Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Forum" title="Montreal Forum">Montreal Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Royal_Chalet" title="Mount Royal Chalet">Mount Royal Chalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Royal_Cross" title="Mount Royal Cross">Mount Royal Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Park_(Montreal)" title="Olympic Park (Montreal)">Olympic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Montreal)" title="Olympic Stadium (Montreal)">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_des_congr%C3%A8s_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Palais des congrès de Montréal">Palais des congrès de Montréal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peck_Building" title="Peck Building">Peck Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Bonaventure" title="Place Bonaventure">Place Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Arts" title="Place des Arts">Place des Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Technoparc" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreal Technoparc">Technoparc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_City,_Montreal" title="Underground City, Montreal">Underground City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Station_(Montreal)" title="Windsor Station (Montreal)">Windsor Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Centre_Montreal" title="World Trade Centre Montreal">World Trade Centre Montreal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_Montreal" title="List of parks in Montreal">Nature and parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angrignon_Park" title="Angrignon Park">Angrignon Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois-de-l%27%C3%8Ele-Bizard_Nature_Park" title="Bois-de-l'Île-Bizard Nature Park">Bois-de-l'Île-Bizard Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois-de-Liesse_Nature_Park" title="Bois-de-Liesse Nature Park">Bois-de-Liesse Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap-Saint-Jacques_Nature_Park" title="Cap-Saint-Jacques Nature Park">Cap-Saint-Jacques Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarry_Park" title="Jarry Park">Jarry Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Jean-Drapeau" class="mw-redirect" title="Parc Jean-Drapeau">Parc Jean-Drapeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne-Mance_Park" title="Jeanne-Mance Park">Jeanne-Mance Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachine_Canal" title="Lachine Canal">Lachine Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Fontaine_Park" title="La Fontaine Park">La Fontaine Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Anse-%C3%A0-l%27Orme_Nature_Park" title="L'Anse-à-l'Orme Nature Park">L'Anse-à-l'Orme Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisonneuve_Park" title="Maisonneuve Park">Maisonneuve Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Botanical_Garden" title="Montreal Botanical Garden">Montreal Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Royal" title="Mount Royal">Mount Royal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George-%C3%89tienne_Cartier_Monument" title="George-Étienne Cartier Monument">George-Étienne Cartier Monument</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Port_of_Montreal" title="Old Port of Montreal">Old Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Park,_Montreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Park, Montreal">Olympic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Park,_Montreal" title="Oxford Park, Montreal">Oxford Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe-aux-Prairies_Nature_Park" title="Pointe-aux-Prairies Nature Park">Pointe-aux-Prairies Nature Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruisseau-De_Montigny_Nature_Park" title="Ruisseau-De Montigny Nature Park">Ruisseau-De Montigny Nature Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_Montreal#Urban_squares" title="List of parks in Montreal">Squares</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabot_Square,_Montreal" title="Cabot Square, Montreal">Cabot Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars,_Montreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Champ de Mars, Montreal">Champ de Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Square" title="Dorchester Square">Dorchester Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_Square" title="Phillips Square">Phillips Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_d%27Armes" title="Place d'Armes">Place d'Armes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Canada" title="Place du Canada">Place du Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_%C3%89milie-Gamelin" title="Place Émilie-Gamelin">Place Émilie-Gamelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Jacques-Cartier" title="Place Jacques-Cartier">Place Jacques-Cartier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Jean-Paul_Riopelle" title="Place Jean-Paul Riopelle">Place Jean-Paul Riopelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis_Square" title="Saint-Louis Square">Saint-Louis Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Square,_Montreal" title="Victoria Square, Montreal">Victoria Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_d%27Youville" title="Place d'Youville">Place d'Youville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hochelaga_Archipelago" title="Hochelaga Archipelago">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Bizard" title="Île Bizard">Île Bizard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_la_Visitation" title="Île de la Visitation">Île de la Visitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Montreal" title="Island of Montreal">Island of Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Island" title="Notre Dame Island">Notre Dame Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuns%27_Island" title="Nuns' Island">Nuns' Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helen%27s_Island" title="Saint Helen's Island">Saint Helen's Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Montreal" title="Transportation in Montreal">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Central_Station" title="Montreal Central Station">Central Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Metro" title="Montreal Metro">Montreal Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_express_m%C3%A9tropolitain" title="Réseau express métropolitain">Réseau express métropolitain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_transport_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Société de transport de Montréal">Société de transport de Montréal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exo_commuter_rail" title="Exo commuter rail">Exo commuter rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27autocars_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Gare d'autocars de Montréal">Gare d'autocars de Montréal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montr%C3%A9al%E2%80%93Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport">Trudeau Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Festivals_and_parades_in_Montreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Festivals and parades in Montreal">Events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Grand_Prix" title="Canadian Grand Prix">Canadian Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divers/Cit%C3%A9" title="Divers/Cité">Divers/Cité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasia_International_Film_Festival" title="Fantasia International Film Festival">Fantasia International Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_du_Nouveau_Cin%C3%A9ma" class="mw-redirect" title="Festival du Nouveau Cinéma">Festival of New Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_FrancoFolies_de_Montr%C3%A9al" class="mw-redirect" title="Les FrancoFolies de Montréal">Les FrancoFolies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_for_Laughs" title="Just for Laughs">Just for Laughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27International_des_Feux_Loto-Qu%C3%A9bec" title="L'International des Feux Loto-Québec">Montreal Fireworks Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_International_Jazz_Festival" title="Montreal International Jazz Festival">Montreal International Jazz Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_World_Film_Festival" title="Montreal World Film Festival">Montreal World Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tam-Tams" title="Tam-Tams">Tam-Tams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_des_Neiges_Cemetery" title="Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery">Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Establishments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairmount_Bagel" title="Fairmount Bagel">Fairmount Bagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Banquise" title="La Banquise">La Banquise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Ronde_(amusement_park)" title="La Ronde (amusement park)">La Ronde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Pool_Room" title="Montreal Pool Room">Montreal Pool Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwartz%27s" title="Schwartz's">Schwartz's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St-Viateur_Bagel" title="St-Viateur Bagel">St-Viateur Bagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilensky%27s" title="Wilensky's">Wilensky's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada_in_Montreal" title="List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Montreal">National Historic Sites in Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_places_in_Montreal" title="List of historic places in Montreal">Historic places in Montreal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Montreal" title="Category:Montreal">Category:Montreal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Montreal" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Montreal">WikiProject:Montreal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-riar_columbia_0054d_12233-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-riar_columbia_0054d_12233_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-riar_columbia_0054d_12233_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-riar_columbia_0054d_12233_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Inderbir Singh Riar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.theatlantic.com/assets/media/files/riar_columbia_0054d_12233.pdf">Expo 67, or the Architecture of Late Modernity</a> - via: <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winnipegarchitecture.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/CMC-Proceedings_Eng.pdf">Conserving the Modern in Canada</a> – Winnipeg Architecture Foundation</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Search-RIBA-Catalogue-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Search-RIBA-Catalogue_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://riba.sirsidynix.net.uk/uhtbin/cgisirsi/X/SIRSI/X/2/1000">"Search The RIBA Library Catalogue"</a>. <i>riba.<a href="/wiki/Sirsidynix" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirsidynix">sirsidynix</a>.net.uk</i>. <a href="/wiki/Sirsi_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirsi Corporation">Sirsi Corporation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2022</span>. <q>Author "Moshe Safdie" AND Title Keyword(s) "Habitat post mortem" AND Journal Title "RIBA Journal"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=riba.sirsidynix.net.uk&rft.atitle=Search+The+RIBA+Library+Catalogue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Friba.sirsidynix.net.uk%2Fuhtbin%2Fcgisirsi%2FX%2FSIRSI%2FX%2F2%2F1000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHabitat+67" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usmodernist-pa-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usmodernist-pa_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usmodernist.org/index-pa.htm">"Pencil Points ... Progressive Architecture: 1920-06 to 1995-12"</a>. <i>Library</i>. USModernist<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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