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foundation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technical_foundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-HubNet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#HubNet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>HubNet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-HubNet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88" title="نت لوگو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نت لوگو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%B7%EB%A1%9C%EA%B3%A0" title="넷로고 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="넷로고" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%98-%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%95" title="נט-לוגו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נט-לוגו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netlogo" title="Netlogo – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Netlogo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo" title="NetLogo – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="NetLogo" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">NetLogo</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NetLogo_(logo).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/NetLogo_%28logo%29.png/280px-NetLogo_%28logo%29.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/NetLogo_%28logo%29.png/420px-NetLogo_%28logo%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/NetLogo_%28logo%29.png/560px-NetLogo_%28logo%29.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="85" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Netlogo-ui.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Netlogo-ui.png/300px-Netlogo-ui.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Netlogo-ui.png/450px-Netlogo-ui.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Netlogo-ui.png/600px-Netlogo-ui.png 2x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="825" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">NetLogo <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Paradigms</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Multi-paradigm_programming_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-paradigm programming language">multi-paradigm</a>: <a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_programming_languages" title="List of educational programming languages">educational</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procedural_programming" title="Procedural programming">procedural</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_simulation#Types" title="Computer simulation">agent-based</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simulation_language" title="Simulation language">simulation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Software_design" title="Software design">Designed by</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uri_Wilensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uri Wilensky (page does not exist)">Uri Wilensky</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Software_developer" class="mw-redirect" title="Software developer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data organiser"><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First appeared</th><td class="infobox-data">1999<span class="noprint">; 25 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1999</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">6.4.0<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-3c0bff3eadb06ce1706c4ccfffc4438a64efc017-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-3c0bff3eadb06ce1706c4ccfffc4438a64efc017-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672307?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 17 November 2023<span class="noprint">; 12 months ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">17 November 2023</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Type_system" title="Type system">Typing discipline</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_typing" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic typing">Dynamic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strong_typing" class="mw-redirect" title="Strong typing">strong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scope_(computer_science)" title="Scope (computer science)">Scope</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scope_(computer_science)#Lexical_scoping_and_dynamic_scoping" title="Scope (computer science)">Lexical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Implementation language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scala_(programming_language)" title="Scala (programming language)">Scala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">OS</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a>: <a href="/wiki/Java_virtual_machine" title="Java virtual machine">JVM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPL</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extensions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">.nlogo, .nlogo3d, .nls</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo">ccl<wbr />.northwestern<wbr />.edu<wbr />/netlogo</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Influenced by</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)" title="Logo (programming language)">Logo</a>, <a href="/wiki/StarLogo" title="StarLogo">StarLogo</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>NetLogo</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming language</a> and <a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">integrated development environment</a> (IDE) for <a href="/wiki/Agent-based_model" title="Agent-based model">agent-based</a> modeling. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="About">About</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: About"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NetLogo was designed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uri_Wilensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uri Wilensky (page does not exist)">Uri Wilensky</a>, in the spirit of the programming language <a href="/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)" title="Logo (programming language)">Logo</a>, to be "low threshold and no ceiling". It teaches programming concepts using <a href="/wiki/Agent-based_model" title="Agent-based model">agents</a> in the form of <i>turtles</i>, <i>patches</i>, <i>links</i> and the <i>observer</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NetLogo was designed with multiple audiences in mind, in particular: teaching <a href="/wiki/Child" title="Child">children</a> in the education community, and for <a href="/wiki/Subject-matter_expert" title="Subject-matter expert">domain experts</a> without a programming background to model related phenomena.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many scientific articles have been published using NetLogo.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NetLogo environment enables exploration of <a href="/wiki/Emergent_phenomena" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergent phenomena">emergent phenomena</a>. It comes with an extensive models library including models in a variety of domains, such as <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">physics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/System_dynamics" title="System dynamics">system dynamics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NetLogo allows exploration by modifying switches, sliders, choosers, inputs, and other interface elements.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beyond exploring, NetLogo allows authoring new models and modifying extant models. </p><p>NetLogo is open source and freely available from the NetLogo website.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is in use in a wide variety of educational contexts from elementary school to graduate school.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many teachers make use of NetLogo in their curricula.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NetLogo was designed and authored by Uri Wilensky,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> director of <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a>'s Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL).<sup id="cite_ref-netlogo_creation_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netlogo_creation-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_features">Other features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Other features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to agent-based modeling, NetLogo also includes basic support for dynamic system modeling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several books have been published about NetLogo.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Books available in print include: </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilenskyRand2015" class="citation book cs1">Wilensky, Uri; Rand, William (2015). <i>An introduction to agent-based modeling: Modeling natural, social and engineered complex systems with NetLogo</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-73189-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-262-73189-8"><bdi>978-0-262-73189-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+introduction+to+agent-based+modeling%3A+Modeling+natural%2C+social+and+engineered+complex+systems+with+NetLogo&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-262-73189-8&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft.au=Rand%2C+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRailsbackGrimm2011" class="citation book cs1">Railsback, Steven F.; Grimm, Volker (2011). <i>Agent-Based and Individual-Based Modeling: A Practical Introduction</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-13674-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-13674-5"><bdi>978-0-691-13674-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Agent-Based+and+Individual-Based+Modeling%3A+A+Practical+Introduction&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-691-13674-5&rft.aulast=Railsback&rft.aufirst=Steven+F.&rft.au=Grimm%2C+Volker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'SullivanPerry2013" class="citation book cs1">O'Sullivan, David; Perry, George (2013). <i>Spatial Simulation: Exploring Pattern and Process</i>. <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">Wiley-Blackwell</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-119-97079-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-119-97079-8"><bdi>978-1-119-97079-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spatial+Simulation%3A+Exploring+Pattern+and+Process&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-119-97079-8&rft.aulast=O%27Sullivan&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Perry%2C+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbertTroitzsch2005" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Nigel; Troitzsch, Klaus G. (2005). <i>Simulation for the Social Scientist, Second Edition</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/McGraw_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="McGraw Hill">McGraw Hill</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-335-21600-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-335-21600-0"><bdi>978-0-335-21600-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Simulation+for+the+Social+Scientist%2C+Second+Edition&rft.place=London&rft.pub=McGraw+Hill&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-335-21600-0&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft.au=Troitzsch%2C+Klaus+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersen2014" class="citation book cs1">Andersen, Britt (2014). <i>Computational Neuroscience and Cognitive Modeling (CCL)</i>. London: Sage. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4462-4930-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4462-4930-7"><bdi>978-1-4462-4930-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Computational+Neuroscience+and+Cognitive+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Sage&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4462-4930-7&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=Britt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomanowskaWrenCrabtree2021" class="citation book cs1">Romanowska, Iza; Wren, Colin D.; Crabtree, Stefania A. (2021). <i>Agent Based Modeling for Archaeology: Simulating the Complexity of Societies</i>. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Santa Fe Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-947864-25-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-947864-25-2"><bdi>978-1-947864-25-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Agent+Based+Modeling+for+Archaeology%3A+Simulating+the+Complexity+of+Societies&rft.place=Santa+Fe%2C+New+Mexico&rft.pub=Santa+Fe+Institute+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-947864-25-2&rft.aulast=Romanowska&rft.aufirst=Iza&rft.au=Wren%2C+Colin+D.&rft.au=Crabtree%2C+Stefania+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p>Books available online include: </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVidal2010" class="citation web cs1">Vidal, Jose (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jmvidal.cse.sc.edu/papers/mas.pdf">"Fundamentals of Multiagent Systems Using NetLogo"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Multiagent+Systems+Using+NetLogo&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Vidal&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjmvidal.cse.sc.edu%2Fpapers%2Fmas.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Online_courses">Online courses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Online courses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, several <a href="/wiki/Massive_open_online_course" title="Massive open online course">massive open online courses</a> are being offered that use NetLogo for assignments and/or demonstrations: </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitchell" class="citation web cs1">Mitchell, Melanie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.complexityexplorer.org/">"Introduction to Complexity"</a>. Santa Fe Institute.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Complexity&rft.pub=Santa+Fe+Institute&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.complexityexplorer.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPage" class="citation web cs1">Page, Scott E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.coursera.org/course/modelthinking">"Model Thinking"</a>. University of Michigan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Model+Thinking&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=Scott+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.coursera.org%2Fcourse%2Fmodelthinking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooks" class="citation web cs1">Brooks, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bert.stuy.edu/pbrooks/fall2018/materials/intro-year-1/intro-pilot-1_homepage.htm">"Introduction to Comp Sci"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_High_School" title="Stuyvesant High School">Stuyvesant High School</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Comp+Sci&rft.pub=Stuyvesant+High+School&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbert.stuy.edu%2Fpbrooks%2Ffall2018%2Fmaterials%2Fintro-year-1%2Fintro-pilot-1_homepage.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_foundation">Technical foundation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Technical foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NetLogo is <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">free and open-source software</a>, released under a <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a> (GPL).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commercial licenses are also available. It is written in <a href="/wiki/Scala_(programming_language)" title="Scala (programming language)">Scala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> and runs on the <a href="/wiki/Java_virtual_machine" title="Java virtual machine">Java virtual machine</a> (JVM).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its core is a hybrid interpreter/compiler that partially compiles user code to JVM bytecode.<sup id="cite_ref-faster_turtles_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faster_turtles-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NetLogo Web is a version that runs on JavaScript, instead of the JVM, so models may be run in a web browser. However, it does not have all features of the desktop version, and the official website advises that the "desktop version of NetLogo is recommended for most uses".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A simple multiagent model in NetLogo is the Wolf-Sheep Predation model,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is shown in the screenshot above. It models the population growth of a predator/prey system over time. It has the following characteristics: </p> <ul><li>There are two breeds of turtles, called <i>sheep</i> and <i>wolves</i>.</li> <li>Sheep and wolves move randomly and have limited energy.</li> <li>Wolves and sheep lose energy by moving. If a wolf or sheep has zero energy, it dies.</li> <li>Sheep gain energy by eating grass.</li> <li>Wolves gain energy by eating sheep.</li> <li>Both wolves and sheep can reproduce, sharing energy with their offspring.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="HubNet">HubNet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: HubNet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HubNet is a technology that uses NetLogo to run participatory simulations in the classroom.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a participatory simulation, a whole group of users takes part in enacting the behavior of a system. Using an individual device, such as a networked computer or <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphing_calculator" title="Graphing calculator">graphing calculator</a>, each user acts as a separate, independent agent. One example of a HubNet activity is <i>Tragedy of the Commons</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which models the economic problem called the <a href="/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons" title="Tragedy of the commons">tragedy of the commons</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_agent-based_modeling_software" title="Comparison of agent-based modeling software">Comparison of agent-based modeling software</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-3c0bff3eadb06ce1706c4ccfffc4438a64efc017-v18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-3c0bff3eadb06ce1706c4ccfffc4438a64efc017-v18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/NetLogo/NetLogo/releases/tag/6.4.0">"Release 6.4.0"</a>. 17 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Release+6.4.0&rft.date=2023-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FNetLogo%2FNetLogo%2Freleases%2Ftag%2F6.4.0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/programming.html#agents">"Types of Agents in NetLogo"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=Types+of+Agents+in+NetLogo&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fdocs%2Fprogramming.html%23agents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKornhauserRandWilensky2007" class="citation conference cs1">Kornhauser, Daniel; Rand, William; Wilensky, Uri (November 15–17, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/2007/Kornhauser-Agent-2007.pdf"><i>Visualization Tools for Agent-Based Modeling in NetLogo</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Agent2007. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Chicago, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=Visualization+Tools+for+Agent-Based+Modeling+in+NetLogo&rft.date=2007-11-15%2F2007-11-17&rft.aulast=Kornhauser&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Rand%2C+William&rft.au=Wilensky%2C+Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2F2007%2FKornhauser-Agent-2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/references.shtml">"NetLogo References"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=NetLogo+References&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Freferences.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/">"NetLogo Models Library"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=NetLogo+Models+Library&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fmodels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/interface.html#interface">"Interface Guide"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=Interface+Guide&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fdocs%2Finterface.html%23interface&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/download.shtml">"Download NetLogo"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=Download+NetLogo&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fdownload.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenguptaWilensky2011" class="citation web cs1">Sengupta, Pratim; Wilensky, Uri (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/2011/sengupta2011.pdf">"Lowering the Learning Threshold: Multi-Agent-Based Models and Learning Electricity"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=Lowering+the+Learning+Threshold%3A+Multi-Agent-Based+Models+and+Learning+Electricity&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Sengupta&rft.aufirst=Pratim&rft.au=Wilensky%2C+Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2F2011%2Fsengupta2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilenskyNovak2010" class="citation book cs1">Wilensky, Uri; Novak, Michael (2010). "Teaching and Learning Evolution as an Emergent Process: The BEAGLE project (chapter 10)". In Taylor, R.; Ferrari, M. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/2010/BEAGLE-chapter-final-distribute.pdf"><i>Epistemology and Science Education: Understanding the Evolution vs. Intelligent Design Controversy</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. New York: Routledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Teaching+and+Learning+Evolution+as+an+Emergent+Process%3A+The+BEAGLE+project+%28chapter+10%29&rft.btitle=Epistemology+and+Science+Education%3A+Understanding+the+Evolution+vs.+Intelligent+Design+Controversy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft.au=Novak%2C+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2F2010%2FBEAGLE-chapter-final-distribute.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBliksteinWilensky2009" class="citation journal cs1">Blikstein, Paulo; Wilensky, Uri (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/2009/Blikstein&Wilensky_AnAtomIsKnown.pdf">"An Atom is Known by the Company it Keeps: A Constructionist Learning Environment for Materials Science Using Agent-Based Modeling (CCL)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning</i>. <b>14</b> (2): 81–119. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10758-009-9148-8">10.1007/s10758-009-9148-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10500589">10500589</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Computers+for+Mathematical+Learning&rft.atitle=An+Atom+is+Known+by+the+Company+it+Keeps%3A+A+Constructionist+Learning+Environment+for+Materials+Science+Using+Agent-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=81-119&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10758-009-9148-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A10500589%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Blikstein&rft.aufirst=Paulo&rft.au=Wilensky%2C+Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2F2009%2FBlikstein%26Wilensky_AnAtomIsKnown.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevyWilensky2009" class="citation journal cs1">Levy, Sharona T.; Wilensky, Uri (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/2009/Levy&Wilensky_ConnectedChemistry.pdf">"Students' Learning with the Connected Chemistry (CC1) Curriculum: Navigating the Complexities of the Particulate World"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Science Education and Technology</i>. <b>18</b> (3): 243–254. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009JSEdT..18..243L">2009JSEdT..18..243L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10956-009-9145-7">10.1007/s10956-009-9145-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:62526922">62526922</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Science+Education+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Students%27+Learning+with+the+Connected+Chemistry+%28CC1%29+Curriculum%3A+Navigating+the+Complexities+of+the+Particulate+World&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=243-254&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A62526922%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10956-009-9145-7&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009JSEdT..18..243L&rft.aulast=Levy&rft.aufirst=Sharona+T.&rft.au=Wilensky%2C+Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2F2009%2FLevy%26Wilensky_ConnectedChemistry.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/courses.shtml">"University, secondary, and online courses that utilize NetLogo"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=University%2C+secondary%2C+and+online+courses+that+utilize+NetLogo&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fcourses.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolmes" class="citation web cs1">Holmes, David M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://davidmholmes.net/Stuy">"Comp Sci at Stuyvesant with D. Holmes"</a>. <i>Professional web site for David Holmes</i>. New York City, New York, United States<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Professional+web+site+for+David+Holmes&rft.atitle=Comp+Sci+at+Stuyvesant+with+D.+Holmes&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdavidmholmes.net%2FStuy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sesp.northwestern.edu/profile/?p=89&/UriWilensky/">"Profile: Dr. Uri Wilensky"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Profile%3A+Dr.+Uri+Wilensky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sesp.northwestern.edu%2Fprofile%2F%3Fp%3D89%26%2FUriWilensky%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-netlogo_creation-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-netlogo_creation_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTisueWilensky2004" class="citation conference cs1">Tisue, Seth; Wilensky, Uri (October 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/agent2004.pdf"><i>NetLogo: Design and Implementation of a Multi-Agent Modeling Environment</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Agent2004. Chicago, Illinois<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=NetLogo%3A+Design+and+Implementation+of+a+Multi-Agent+Modeling+Environment&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.date=2004-10&rft.aulast=Tisue&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.au=Wilensky%2C+Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2Fagent2004.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky1999–2019" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (1999–2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/resources.shtml">"NetLogo: Resources and Links"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=NetLogo%3A+Resources+and+Links&rft.date=1999%2F2019&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fresources.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/docs/faq.html#license">"Under what license is NetLogo released? Is the source code available?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Under+what+license+is+NetLogo+released%3F+Is+the+source+code+available%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fdocs%2Ffaq.html%23license&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/faq.html">"NetLogo Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)"</a>. December 14, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NetLogo+Frequently+Asked+Questions+%28FAQ%29&rft.date=2015-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Ffaq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-faster_turtles-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-faster_turtles_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStonedahlTisueWilensky2006" class="citation conference cs1">Stonedahl, Forrest; Tisue, Seth; Wilensky, Uri (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/papers/sond_tis_wil_breeding.pdf"><i>Breeding faster turtles: Progress towards a NetLogo compiler</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Agent 2006. Chicago, Illinois<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Breeding+faster+turtles%3A+Progress+towards+a+NetLogo+compiler&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Stonedahl&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft.au=Tisue%2C+Seth&rft.au=Wilensky%2C+Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fpapers%2Fsond_tis_wil_breeding.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://netlogoweb.org/info">"NetLogo Web"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NetLogo+Web&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnetlogoweb.org%2Finfo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/WolfSheepPredation">"Wolf Sheep Predation"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wolf+Sheep+Predation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fmodels%2FWolfSheepPredation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/hubnet.html">"HubNet Guide"</a>. December 14, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HubNet+Guide&rft.date=2015-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fhubnet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilensky2002" class="citation web cs1">Wilensky, Uri (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/HubNetTragedyoftheCommonsHubNet">"Tragedy of the Commons HubNet"</a>. <i>The Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling (CCL)</i>. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+for+Connected+Learning+and+Computer-Based+Modeling+%28CCL%29&rft.atitle=Tragedy+of+the+Commons+HubNet&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Wilensky&rft.aufirst=Uri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccl.northwestern.edu%2Fnetlogo%2Fmodels%2FHubNetTragedyoftheCommonsHubNet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetLogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLogo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu">Official website</a></span></span>, CCL <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo">Official website</a></span></span>, NetLogo</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/">NetLogo Models Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/resources.shtml">Other NetLogo-related resources on the web</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/netlogo">NetLogo news</a> via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/d/forum/netlogo-users">Discussion group for users</a> hosted by <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/group/netlogo-devel">Discussion group for developers</a> hosted by <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jmvidal.cse.sc.edu/netlogomas">NetLogo models of multiagent systems</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://davidmholmes.net/Stuy/1intro/hw.html">David M. Holmes' website, containing beginner material for new NetLogo users</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Logo_programming" title="Template:Logo programming"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Logo_programming&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Logo programming (page does not exist)"><abbr 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href="/wiki/MicroWorlds" title="MicroWorlds">MicroWorlds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroWorlds_JR" title="MicroWorlds JR">MicroWorlds JR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extensions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lego_Logo" class="mw-redirect" title="Lego Logo">Lego Logo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StarLogo" title="StarLogo">StarLogo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NetLogo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">With <a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">object</a> extensions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ObjectLOGO" class="mw-redirect" title="ObjectLOGO">ObjectLOGO</a></li> <li>ExperLogo</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other variants, extensions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>ARLOGO</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibreLogo" title="LibreLogo">LibreLogo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Abelson" title="Hal Abelson">Hal Abelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denison_Bollay" title="Denison Bollay">Denison Bollay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_Feurzeig" title="Wally Feurzeig">Wally Feurzeig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Harvey_(lecturer)" title="Brian Harvey (lecturer)">Brian Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Papert" title="Seymour Papert">Seymour Papert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchel_Resnick" title="Mitchel Resnick">Mitchel Resnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Solomon" title="Cynthia Solomon">Cynthia Solomon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Logo_programming_language_family" title="Category:Logo programming language family">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lisp_programming_language" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lisp_programming_language" title="Template:Lisp programming language"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lisp_programming_language" title="Template talk:Lisp programming language"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lisp_programming_language" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lisp programming language"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lisp_programming_language" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp programming language</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garbage_collection_(computer_science)" title="Garbage collection (computer science)">Automatic storage management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conditional_(computer_programming)" title="Conditional (computer programming)">Conditionals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_typing" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic typing">Dynamic typing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher-order_function" title="Higher-order function">Higher-order functions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linked_list" title="Linked list">Linked lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macro_(computer_science)" title="Macro (computer science)">Macros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-expression" title="M-expression">M-expressions</a> (deprecated)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Read%E2%80%93eval%E2%80%93print_loop" title="Read–eval–print loop">Read–eval–print loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recursion_(computer_science)" title="Recursion (computer science)">Recursion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-expression" title="S-expression">S-expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-hosting_(compilers)" title="Self-hosting (compilers)">Self-hosting</a> <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">compiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_data_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree data structure">Tree data structures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">Object</a> systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp_Object_System" title="Common Lisp Object System">Common Lisp Object System</a> (CLOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CommonLoops" title="CommonLoops">CommonLoops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavors_(programming_language)" title="Flavors (programming language)">Flavors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language_implementation" title="Programming language implementation">Implementations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technical_standard" title="Technical standard">Standardized</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp" title="Common Lisp">Common<br />Lisp</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegro_Common_Lisp" title="Allegro Common Lisp">Allegro Common Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Bear_Common_Lisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Bear Common Lisp">Armed Bear Common Lisp</a> (ABCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLISP" title="CLISP">CLISP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clozure_CL" title="Clozure CL">Clozure CL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMU_Common_Lisp" title="CMU Common Lisp">CMU Common Lisp</a> (CMUCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corman_Common_Lisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Corman Common Lisp">Corman Common Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embeddable_Common_Lisp" title="Embeddable Common Lisp">Embeddable Common Lisp</a> (ECL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Common_Lisp" title="GNU Common Lisp">GNU Common Lisp</a> (GCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LispWorks" title="LispWorks">LispWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macintosh_Common_Lisp" title="Macintosh Common Lisp">Macintosh Common Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocl" title="Mocl">Mocl</a></li> <li>Movitz</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplog" title="Poplog">Poplog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_Bank_Common_Lisp" title="Steel Bank Common Lisp">Steel Bank Common Lisp</a> (SBCL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genera_(operating_system)" title="Genera (operating system)">Symbolics Common Lisp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scheme_(programming_language)" title="Scheme (programming language)">Scheme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Scheme_programming_language" title="History of the Scheme programming language">History</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigloo" title="Bigloo">Bigloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chez_Scheme" title="Chez Scheme">Chez Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_(Scheme_implementation)" title="Chicken (Scheme implementation)">Chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambit_(scheme_implementation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambit (scheme implementation)">Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Oriented_Assembly_Lisp" title="Game Oriented Assembly Lisp">Game Oriented Assembly Lisp</a> (GOAL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Guile" title="GNU Guile">GNU Guile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikarus_(Scheme_implementation)" title="Ikarus (Scheme implementation)">Ikarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JScheme" title="JScheme">JScheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawa_(Scheme_implementation)" title="Kawa (Scheme implementation)">Kawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT/GNU_Scheme" title="MIT/GNU Scheme">MIT/GNU Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MultiLisp" title="MultiLisp">MultiLisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pico_(programming_language)" title="Pico (programming language)">Pico</a></li> <li>Pocket Scheme</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racket_(programming_language)" title="Racket (programming language)">Racket</a> (<a href="/wiki/Racket_features" title="Racket features">features</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheme_48" title="Scheme 48">Scheme 48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCM_(Scheme_implementation)" title="SCM (Scheme implementation)">SCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIOD" title="SIOD">SIOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_(programming_language)" title="T (programming language)">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TinyScheme" title="TinyScheme">TinyScheme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ISLISP" title="ISLISP">ISLISP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenLisp" title="OpenLisp">OpenLisp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unstandardized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)" title="Logo (programming language)">Logo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MSWLogo" title="MSWLogo">MSWLogo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NetLogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StarLogo" title="StarLogo">StarLogo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCBLogo" title="UCBLogo">UCBLogo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/POP-11" title="POP-11">POP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COWSEL" title="COWSEL">COWSEL</a> (POP-1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/POP-2" title="POP-2">POP-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POP-11" title="POP-11">POP-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_(programming_language)" title="Arc (programming language)">Arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AutoLISP" title="AutoLISP">AutoLISP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBN_LISP" title="BBN LISP">BBN LISP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clojure" title="Clojure">Clojure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dylan_(programming_language)" title="Dylan (programming language)">Dylan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apple_Dylan" title="Apple Dylan">Apple</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Dylan_programming_language" title="History of the Dylan programming language">history</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emacs_Lisp" title="Emacs Lisp">Emacs Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EuLisp" title="EuLisp">EuLisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Lisp" title="Franz Lisp">Franz Lisp</a>, <a href="/wiki/PC-LISP" title="PC-LISP">PC-LISP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hy_(programming_language)" title="Hy (programming language)">Hy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlisp" title="Interlisp">Interlisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_Engineering_Environment" title="Knowledge Engineering Environment">Knowledge Engineering Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/*Lisp" title="*Lisp">*Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeLisp" class="mw-redirect" title="LeLisp">LeLisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LFE_(programming_language)" title="LFE (programming language)">LFE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisp_Machine_Lisp" title="Lisp Machine Lisp">Lisp Machine Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maclisp" title="Maclisp">Maclisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDL_(programming_language)" title="MDL (programming language)">MDL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLisp" title="MLisp">MLisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewLISP" title="NewLISP">newLISP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIL_(programming_language)" title="NIL (programming language)">NIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PC-LISP" title="PC-LISP">PC-LISP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picolisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Picolisp">Picolisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Standard_Lisp" title="Portable Standard Lisp">Portable Standard Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPL_(programming_language)" title="RPL (programming language)">RPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-1_Lisp" title="S-1 Lisp">S-1 Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadence_SKILL" title="Cadence SKILL">SKILL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_Lisp" title="Spice Lisp">Spice Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zetalisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Zetalisp">Zetalisp</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)#Operating_systems" title="Lisp (programming language)">List</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp_Interface_Manager" title="Common Lisp Interface Manager">Common Lisp Interface Manager</a>, <a href="/wiki/McCLIM" title="McCLIM">McCLIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genera_(operating_system)" title="Genera (operating system)">Genera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scsh" title="Scsh">Scsh</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">Hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisp_machine" title="Lisp machine">Lisp machine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TI_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="TI Explorer">TI Explorer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space-cadet_keyboard" title="Space-cadet keyboard">Space-cadet keyboard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_practice" title="Community of practice">Community<br />of practice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technical standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scheme_Requests_for_Implementation" title="Scheme Requests for Implementation">Scheme Requests for Implementation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp_HyperSpec" title="Common Lisp HyperSpec">Common Lisp HyperSpec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X3J13" title="X3J13">X3J13</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp_the_Language" title="Common Lisp the Language">Common Lisp the Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_Design_Programs" title="How to Design Programs">How to Design Programs</a> (HTDP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Lisp" title="On Lisp">On Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Practical_Common_Lisp" title="Practical Common Lisp">Practical Common Lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs" title="Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs">Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs</a> (SICP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Curriculum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ProgramByDesign" title="ProgramByDesign">ProgramByDesign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBN_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="BBN Technologies">Bolt, Beranek and Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlequin_(software_company)" title="Harlequin (software company)">Harlequin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucid_Inc." title="Lucid Inc.">Lucid Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolics" title="Symbolics">Symbolics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanalys" title="Xanalys">Xanalys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Computer_Science_and_Artificial_Intelligence_Laboratory" title="MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory">MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory</a> (CSAIL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_centers_and_institutes#Stanford_Artificial_Intelligence_Laboratory" title="Stanford University centers and institutes">Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Berkeley" title="Edmund Berkeley">Edmund Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_G._Bobrow" title="Daniel G. Bobrow">Daniel G. Bobrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Clinger_(computer_scientist)" title="William Clinger (computer scientist)">William Clinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Kent_Dybvig" title="R. Kent Dybvig">R. Kent Dybvig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Felleisen" title="Matthias Felleisen">Matthias Felleisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Findler" title="Robert Bruce Findler">Robert Bruce Findler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Flatt" title="Matthew Flatt">Matthew Flatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Fox" title="Phyllis Fox">Phyllis Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Graham_(programmer)" title="Paul Graham (programmer)">Paul Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Greenblatt_(programmer)" title="Richard Greenblatt (programmer)">Richard Greenblatt</a></li> <li>Timothy P. Hart</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Hodes" title="Louis Hodes">Louis Hodes</a></li> <li>Mike Levin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Luckham" title="David Luckham">David Luckham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCarthy_(computer_scientist)" title="John McCarthy (computer scientist)">John McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Tappan_Morris" title="Robert Tappan Morris">Robert Tappan Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Moses" title="Joel Moses">Joel Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Park_(computer_scientist)" title="David Park (computer scientist)">David Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Russell_(computer_scientist)" title="Steve Russell (computer scientist)">Steve Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Common_Lisp" title="Common Lisp">Common Lisp</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Fahlman" title="Scott Fahlman">Scott Fahlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_P._Gabriel" title="Richard P. Gabriel">Richard P. Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Greenspun" title="Philip Greenspun">Philip Greenspun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenspun%27s_tenth_rule" title="Greenspun's tenth rule">10th rule</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._Moon" title="David A. Moon">David A. Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Pitman" title="Kent Pitman">Kent Pitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_L._Steele_Jr." title="Guy L. Steele Jr.">Guy L. Steele Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Weinreb" title="Daniel Weinreb">Daniel Weinreb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scheme_(programming_language)" title="Scheme (programming language)">Scheme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Felleisen" title="Matthias Felleisen">Matthias Felleisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shriram_Krishnamurthi" title="Shriram Krishnamurthi">Shriram Krishnamurthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_L._Steele_Jr." title="Guy L. Steele Jr.">Guy L. Steele Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Jay_Sussman" title="Gerald Jay Sussman">Gerald Jay Sussman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Sussman" class="mw-redirect" title="Julie Sussman">Julie Sussman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)" title="Logo (programming language)">Logo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Abelson" title="Hal Abelson">Hal Abelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denison_Bollay" title="Denison Bollay">Denison Bollay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wally_Feurzeig" title="Wally Feurzeig">Wally Feurzeig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Harvey_(lecturer)" title="Brian Harvey (lecturer)">Brian Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Papert" title="Seymour Papert">Seymour Papert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchel_Resnick" title="Mitchel Resnick">Mitchel Resnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Solomon" title="Cynthia Solomon">Cynthia Solomon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/POP-11" title="POP-11">POP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Burstall" title="Rod Burstall">Rod Burstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Popplestone" title="Robin Popplestone">Robin Popplestone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lisp-family_programming_languages" title="List of Lisp-family programming languages">List</a></b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_book_class2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia book"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/16px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/23px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/31px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Subject:Lisp_programming_language" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Subject:Lisp programming language">Books</a></b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lisp_(programming_language)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lisp (programming language)">Commons</a></b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Category:Lisp (programming language)">Category</a></b> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Lisp_programming_language_family" title="Category:Lisp programming language family">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Northwestern_University" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Northwestern_University" title="Template:Northwestern University"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Northwestern_University" title="Template talk:Northwestern University"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Northwestern_University" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Northwestern University"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Northwestern_University" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Northwestern University</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><div><b>Located in</b>: <a href="/wiki/Evanston,_Illinois" title="Evanston, Illinois"><span style="color:white">Evanston IL</span></a> and <a href="/wiki/Campus_of_Northwestern_University" title="Campus of Northwestern University"><span style="color:white">various other locations</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arts and Sciences</li> <li>Communication</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienen_School_of_Music" title="Bienen School of Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellogg_School_of_Management" title="Kellogg School of Management">Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCormick_School_of_Engineering" title="McCormick School of Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medill_School_of_Journalism" title="Medill School of Journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li>Education and Social Policy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feinberg_School_of_Medicine" title="Feinberg School of Medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett%E2%80%93Evangelical_Theological_Seminary" title="Garrett–Evangelical Theological Seminary">Theological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritzker_School_of_Law" title="Pritzker School of Law">Law</a></li> <li>Professional Studies</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galter_Pavilion" class="mw-redirect" title="Galter Pavilion">Galter Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segal_Design_Institute" title="Segal Design Institute">Segal Design Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGaw_Medical_Center" title="McGaw Medical Center">McGaw Medical Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Nanotechnology" title="International Institute for Nanotechnology">International Institute for Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Medicine" title="Northwestern Medicine">Northwestern Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Institute_for_Policy_Research" title="Northwestern University Institute for Policy Research">Northwestern University Institute for Policy Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonne%E2%80%93Northwestern_Solar_Energy_Research_Center" title="Argonne–Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center">Argonne–Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_Technology_Institute" title="Infrastructure Technology Institute">Infrastructure Technology Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Evanston Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_buildings" title="List of Northwestern University buildings">Buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_residences" title="List of Northwestern University residences">Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_and_Leigh_Block_Museum_of_Art" title="Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art">Block Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dearborn_Observatory" title="Dearborn Observatory">Dearborn Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deering_Library" title="Deering Library">Deering Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Lakefill" title="Northwestern University Lakefill">The Lakefill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindheimer_Astrophysical_Research_Center" title="Lindheimer Astrophysical Research Center">Lindheimer Astrophysical Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norris_University_Center" title="Norris University Center">Norris Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Technological_Institute" title="Northwestern Technological Institute">Technological Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_College_(Northwestern_University)" title="Old College (Northwestern University)">Old College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former_Roycemore_School_building" title="Former Roycemore School building">Former Roycemore School building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pick-Staiger_Concert_Hall" title="Pick-Staiger Concert Hall">Pick-Staiger Concert Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_Garden_(Evanston,_Illinois)" title="Shakespeare Garden (Evanston, Illinois)">Shakespeare Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_%26_Interpretation_Center" title="Theatre & Interpretation Center">Wirtz Center for the Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rock_(Northwestern_University)" title="The Rock (Northwestern University)">The Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Northwestern_University)" title="University Hall (Northwestern University)">University Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Library" title="Northwestern University Library">University Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Chicago Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_buildings" title="List of Northwestern University buildings">Buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_residences" title="List of Northwestern University residences">Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galter_Pavilion" class="mw-redirect" title="Galter Pavilion">Galter Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurie_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Lurie Children's Hospital">Lurie Children's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Memorial_Hospital" title="Northwestern Memorial Hospital">Northwestern Memorial Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prentice_Women%27s_Hospital_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Prentice Women's Hospital Building">Prentice Women's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ryan_AbilityLab" class="mw-redirect" title="Shirley Ryan AbilityLab">Shirley Ryan AbilityLab</a> (Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Qatar Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_in_Qatar" title="Northwestern University in Qatar">Northwestern Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Media_Majlis_at_Northwestern_University_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Media Majlis at Northwestern University in Qatar (page does not exist)">Media Majlis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwestern_Qatar_Institute_for_Advanced_Study_of_the_Global_South&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northwestern Qatar Institute for Advanced Study of the Global South (page does not exist)">Institute for Advanced Study of the Global South</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Daily_Q&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Daily Q (page does not exist)">The Daily Q</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Studio_20Q&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Studio 20Q (page does not exist)">Studio 20Q</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Athletics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats" title="Northwestern Wildcats">Northwestern Wildcats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference" title="Big Ten Conference">Big Ten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_football" title="Northwestern Wildcats football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_men%27s_basketball" title="Northwestern Wildcats men's basketball">Men's Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_women%27s_basketball" title="Northwestern Wildcats women's basketball">Women's Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_baseball" title="Northwestern Wildcats baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Wildcat_Marching_Band" title="Northwestern University Wildcat Marching Band">NUMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_field_hockey" title="Northwestern Wildcats field hockey">Field Hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_women%27s_lacrosse" title="Northwestern Wildcats women's lacrosse">Women's Lacrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_men%27s_soccer" title="Northwestern Wildcats men's soccer">Men's soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Wildcats_softball" title="Northwestern Wildcats softball">Softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patten_Gymnasium" title="Patten Gymnasium">Patten Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Miller_Park" title="Rocky Miller Park">Rocky Miller Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Field_(stadium)" title="Ryan Field (stadium)">Ryan Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois%E2%80%93Northwestern_football_rivalry" title="Illinois–Northwestern football rivalry">Land of Lincoln Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh%E2%80%93Ryan_Arena" title="Welsh–Ryan Arena">Welsh–Ryan Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_the_Wildcat_(Northwestern)" title="Willie the Wildcat (Northwestern)">Willie the Wildcat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Northwestern" title="The Daily Northwestern">The Daily Northwestern</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_by_Northwestern" title="North by Northwestern">North by Northwestern</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Law_Review" title="Northwestern University Law Review">Northwestern University Law Review</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Press" title="Northwestern University Press">Northwestern University Press</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TriQuarterly" title="TriQuarterly">TriQuarterly</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNUR-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="WNUR-FM">WNUR</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Journal_of_Technology_and_Intellectual_Property" title="Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property">Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Criminal_Law_%26_Criminology" title="Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology">Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Dance_Marathon" title="Northwestern University Dance Marathon">Dance Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dillo_Day" title="Dillo Day">Dillo Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphin_Show" title="Dolphin Show">Dolphin Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_U_Northwestern" title="Go U Northwestern">Go U Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northwestern_University" title="History of Northwestern University">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_activism_at_Northwestern_University" title="Student activism at Northwestern University">Student activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_L._Schwartz_Memorial_Lecture" title="Nancy L. Schwartz Memorial Lecture">Schwarts Lectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Waa-Mu_Show" title="The Waa-Mu Show">Waa-Mu Show</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_alumni" title="List of Northwestern University alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_faculty" title="List of Northwestern University faculty">Faculty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northwestern_University_presidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Northwestern University presidents">Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Evans_(Colorado_governor)" title="John Evans (Colorado governor)">John Evans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#4E2A84;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #000000, inset -2px -2px 0 #000000;"><div> <ul><li><b>Founded</b>: 1851</li> <li><b>Students</b>: 21,208</li> <li><b>Endowment</b>: 15 billion</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672307#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2014001543">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007586179705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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