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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1"/><title>Strong's Greek: 1194. δέρω (deró) -- To beat, to strike, to scourge</title></title><link rel="canonical" href="http://biblehub.com/greek/1194.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/strongsnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/interlinear/vmenus/romans/8-35.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmstrongs/greek/1194.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's</a> > <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Greek</a> > 1194</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../greek/1193.htm" title="1193">◄</a> 1194. deró <a href="../greek/1195.htm" title="1195">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Strong's Lexicon</div><div align="left"><span class="toptitle2">deró: To beat, to strike, to scourge</span></div><p><span class="tophdg">Original Word: </span><span class="greek">δέρω</span><br><span class="tophdg">Part of Speech: </span>Verb<br><span class="tophdg">Transliteration: </span>deró<br><span class="tophdg">Pronunciation: </span>deh'-ro<br><span class="tophdg">Phonetic Spelling: </span>(der'-o)<br><span class="tophdg">Definition: </span>To beat, to strike, to scourge<br><span class="tophdg">Meaning: </span>I flay, flog, scourge, beat.<p><span class="tophdg">Word Origin: </span>A primary verb<p><span class="tophdg">Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: </span>The Hebrew equivalent often associated with the concept of beating or striking is נָכָה (nakah - Strong's Hebrew 5221), which also conveys the idea of smiting or striking down.<p><span class="tophdg">Usage: </span>The Greek verb "deró" primarily means to beat or to strike, often with the implication of physical punishment or chastisement. It is used in the New Testament to describe acts of physical violence, typically in the context of persecution or punishment.<p><span class="tophdg">Cultural and Historical Background: </span>In the Greco-Roman world, physical punishment was a common method of discipline and control, both in domestic settings and in the broader societal context. Slaves, criminals, and those considered socially inferior could be subjected to beatings as a form of correction or retribution. The use of "deró" in the New Testament reflects this cultural backdrop, often highlighting the suffering endured by early Christians and others at the hands of authorities or oppressors.<div class="vheading2">NAS Exhaustive Concordance</div><span class="hdg">Word Origin</span><br>a prim. verb<br><span class="hdg">Definition</span><br>to skin, to thrash<br><span class="hdg">NASB Translation</span><br>beat (5), beaten (1), beating (3), flogged (2), hits (1), receive (1), receive...lashes (1), strike (1).<p><div align="center"><span class="smalltext"><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/nasec.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe></span></div><div class="vheading2">Thayer's Greek Lexicon</div><span class="maintitle">STRONGS NT 1194: δέρω</span><br><br><span class="arttitle"><span class="grktitle">δέρω</span></span>; 1 aorist <span class="greek2">ἔδειρα</span>; 2 future passive <span class="greek2">δαρήσομαι</span>; <p><span class="textheading">1.</span> <span class="accented">to flay, skin</span>: <span class="abbreviation">Homer</span>, Iliad 1, 459; 23, 167, etc. <p><span class="textheading">2.</span> <span class="accented">to beat, throb, smite</span> (cf. German <span class="foreign">durchgerben</span> (low English <span class="accented">hide</span>)), so sometimes in secular authors from <span class="abbreviation">Aristophanes</span> ran. 619 (cf. vesp. 485) down: <span class="greek2">τινα</span>, <a href="/interlinear/matthew/21-35.htm">Matthew 21:35</a>; <a href="/interlinear/mark/12-3.htm">Mark 12:3, 5</a>; <a href="/interlinear/luke/20-10.htm">Luke 20:10</a>; <a href="/interlinear/luke/22-63.htm">Luke 22:63</a>; <a href="/interlinear/john/18-23.htm">John 18:23</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/5-40.htm">Acts 5:40</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/16-37.htm">Acts 16:37</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/22-19.htm">Acts 22:19</a>; <span class="greek2">εἰς</span> <span class="greek2">πρόσωπον</span> <span class="greek2">δέρειν</span> <span class="greek2">τινα</span>, <a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/11-20.htm">2 Corinthians 11:20</a>; <span class="greek2">ἀέρα</span> <span class="greek2">δέρειν</span> (see <span class="greek2"><span class="lexref">ἀήρ</span></span>), <a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/9-26.htm">1 Corinthians 9:26</a>; passive: <a href="/interlinear/mark/13-9.htm">Mark 13:9</a>; <a href="/interlinear/luke/12-47.htm">Luke 12:47</a> (<span class="greek2">δαρήσεται</span> <span class="greek2">πολλάς</span>, namely, <span class="greek2">πληγάς</span>, will be beaten with many stripes); <a href="/interlinear/luke/12-48.htm">Luke 12:48</a> (<span class="greek2">ὀλίγας</span>, cf. <span class="abbreviation">Xenophon</span>, an. 5, 8, 12 <span class="greek2">παίειν</span> <span class="greek2">ὀλίγας</span>, <span class="abbreviation">Sophocles</span> El. 1415 <span class="greek2">παίειν</span> <span class="greek2">διπλην</span>, <span class="abbreviation">Aristophanes</span> nub. 968 (972) <span class="greek2">τύπτεσθαι</span> <span class="greek2">πολλάς</span>, <span class="abbreviation">Plato</span>, legg. 8, p. 845 a. <span class="greek2">μαστιγουσθαι</span> <span class="greek2">πληγάς</span>; cf. (<span class="abbreviation">Winer</span>s Grammar, 589 (548)); <span class="abbreviation">Buttmann</span>, (82 (72)); § 134, 6).<FOOTNOTE:1> <br><br><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/bsoft.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">Strong's Exhaustive Concordance</div>beat, smite. <p>A primary verb; properly, to flay, i.e. (by implication) to scourge, or (by analogy) to thrash -- beat, smite. <div class="vheading2">Forms and Transliterations</div>δαρησεσθε δαρήσεσθε δαρησεται δαρήσεται δείραι δειραντες δείραντες δερει δέρει δερεις δέρεις δεροντες δέροντες δερων δέρων εδειραν έδειραν ἔδειραν daresesthe darēsesthe darḗsesthe daresetai darēsetai darḗsetai deirantes deírantes derei dérei dereis déreis deron derōn déron dérōn derontes dérontes edeiran édeiran<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/matthew/1-1.htm">Interlinear Greek</a> • <a href="/interlinear/genesis/1-1.htm">Interlinear Hebrew</a> • <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's Numbers</a> • <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Englishman's Greek Concordance</a> • <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Englishman's Hebrew Concordance</a> • <a href="/texts/matthew/1-1.htm">Parallel Texts</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="vheading">Englishman's Concordance</div><b><a href="/text/matthew/21-35.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Matthew 21:35</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural">V-AIA-3P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/matthew/21.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ὃν μὲν <b>ἔδειραν</b> ὃν δὲ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/matthew/21.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> his slaves <span class="itali">and beat</span> one,<br><a href="/kjvs/matthew/21.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> his servants, <span class="itali">and beat</span> one,<br><a href="/interlinear/matthew/21-35.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> one indeed <span class="itali">they beat</span> one moreover<p><b><a href="/text/mark/12-3.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Mark 12:3</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural">V-AIA-3P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/mark/12.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">λαβόντες αὐτὸν <b>ἔδειραν</b> καὶ ἀπέστειλαν</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/mark/12.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> They took <span class="itali">him, and beat</span> him and sent him away<br><a href="/kjvs/mark/12.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> they caught <span class="itali">[him], and beat</span> him,<br><a href="/interlinear/mark/12-3.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> having taken him <span class="itali">they beat [him]</span> and sent [him] away<p><b><a href="/text/mark/12-5.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Mark 12:5</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-PPA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/mark/12.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">οὓς μὲν <b>δέροντες</b> οὓς δὲ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/mark/12.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> others, <span class="itali">beating</span> some<br><a href="/kjvs/mark/12.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> <span class="itali">beating some,</span> and<br><a href="/interlinear/mark/12-5.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> some indeed <span class="itali">beating</span> some moreover<p><b><a href="/text/mark/13-9.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Mark 13:9</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 2nd Person Plural">V-FIP-2P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/mark/13.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">εἰς συναγωγὰς <b>δαρήσεσθε</b> καὶ ἐπὶ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/mark/13.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> you to [the] courts, <span class="itali">and you will be flogged</span> in [the] synagogues,<br><a href="/kjvs/mark/13.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> the synagogues <span class="itali">ye shall be beaten:</span> and<br><a href="/interlinear/mark/13-9.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> to synagogues <span class="itali">you will be beaten</span> and before<p><b><a href="/text/luke/12-47.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 12:47</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular">V-FIP-3S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/12.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">θέλημα αὐτοῦ <b>δαρήσεται</b> πολλάς </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/12.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> with his will, will <span class="itali">receive</span> many<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/12.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> will, <span class="itali">shall be beaten</span> with many<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/12-47.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> will of him <span class="itali">will be beaten with</span> many [blows]<p><b><a href="/text/luke/12-48.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 12:48</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Future Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular">V-FIP-3S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/12.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἄξια πληγῶν <b>δαρήσεται</b> ὀλίγας παντὶ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/12.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of a flogging, <span class="itali">will receive</span> but few.<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/12.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> of stripes, <span class="itali">shall be beaten</span> with few<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/12-48.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> [things] worthy of stripes <span class="itali">will be beaten with</span> few everyone<p><b><a href="/text/luke/20-10.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 20:10</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-APA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/20.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἐξαπέστειλαν αὐτὸν <b>δείραντες</b> κενόν </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/20.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> but the vine-growers <span class="itali">beat</span> him and sent him away<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/20.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> the husbandmen <span class="itali">beat</span> him,<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/20-10.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> sent [him] away him <span class="itali">having beaten</span> empty-handed<p><b><a href="/text/luke/20-11.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 20:11</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-APA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/20.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">δὲ κἀκεῖνον <b>δείραντες</b> καὶ ἀτιμάσαντες</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/20.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> slave; <span class="itali">and they beat</span> him also<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/20.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> servant: and <span class="itali">they beat</span> him also, and<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/20-11.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> but also him <span class="itali">having beaten</span> and having dishonored [him]<p><b><a href="/text/luke/22-63.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Luke 22:63</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-PPA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/luke/22.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἐνέπαιζον αὐτῷ <b>δέροντες</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/luke/22.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> were mocking <span class="itali">Him and beating</span> Him,<br><a href="/kjvs/luke/22.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> mocked him, <span class="itali">and smote</span> [him].<br><a href="/interlinear/luke/22-63.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> mocked him <span class="itali">beating [him]</span><p><b><a href="/text/john/18-23.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">John 18:23</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular">V-PIA-2S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/john/18.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τί με <b>δέρεις</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/john/18.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> rightly, why <span class="itali">do you strike</span> Me?<br><a href="/kjvs/john/18.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> well, why <span class="itali">smitest</span> thou me?<br><a href="/interlinear/john/18-23.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> why me <span class="itali">strike you</span><p><b><a href="/text/acts/5-40.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 5:40</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-APA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/5.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τοὺς ἀποστόλους <b>δείραντες</b> παρήγγειλαν μὴ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/5.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> the apostles <span class="itali">in, they flogged</span> them and ordered<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/5.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> the apostles, <span class="itali">and beaten</span> [them], they commanded<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/5-40.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> the apostles <span class="itali">having beaten</span> they commanded [them] not<p><b><a href="/text/acts/16-37.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 16:37</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural">V-APA-NMP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/16.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">πρὸς αὐτούς <b>Δείραντες</b> ἡμᾶς δημοσίᾳ</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/16.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> said <span class="itali">to them, They have beaten</span> us in public<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/16.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> unto them, <span class="itali">They have beaten</span> us openly<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/16-37.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> to them <span class="itali">Having beaten</span> us publicly<p><b><a href="/text/acts/22-19.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 22:19</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular">V-PPA-NMS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/22.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">φυλακίζων καὶ <b>δέρων</b> κατὰ τὰς</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/22.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> I used to imprison <span class="itali">and beat</span> those<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/22.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> imprisoned and <span class="itali">beat</span> in every synagogue<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/22-19.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> imprisoning and <span class="itali">beating</span> in every of those<p><b><a href="/text/1_corinthians/9-26.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">1 Corinthians 9:26</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular">V-PPA-NMS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/9.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">οὐκ ἀέρα <b>δέρων</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/1_corinthians/9.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> in such a way, <span class="itali">as not beating</span> the air;<br><a href="/kjvs/1_corinthians/9.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> not as <span class="itali">one that beateth</span> the air:<br><a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/9-26.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> not [the] air <span class="itali">beating</span><p><b><a href="/text/2_corinthians/11-20.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">2 Corinthians 11:20</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular">V-PIA-3S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/11.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">πρόσωπον ὑμᾶς <b>δέρει</b> </span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/2_corinthians/11.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> himself, anyone <span class="itali">hits</span> you in the face.<br><a href="/kjvs/2_corinthians/11.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> exalt himself, if a man <span class="itali">smite</span> you on<br><a href="/interlinear/2_corinthians/11-20.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> the face of you <span class="itali">beats</span><p><b><a href="/greek/1194.htm">Strong's Greek 1194</a><br><a href="/greek/strongs_1194.htm">15 Occurrences</a></b><br><br><a href="/greek/dare_sesthe_1194.htm">δαρήσεσθε — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/dare_setai_1194.htm">δαρήσεται — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/deirantes_1194.htm">δείραντες — 4 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/derei_1194.htm">δέρει — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/dereis_1194.htm">δέρεις — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/dero_n_1194.htm">δέρων — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/derontes_1194.htm">δέροντες — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/edeiran_1194.htm">ἔδειραν — 2 Occ.</a><br><br></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="/greek/1193.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1193"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1193" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/greek/1195.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1195"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1195" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhchap.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>