Snow and Ice Network

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</div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/climate-and-weather/niwa-can-help-you-leverage-updated-climate-projections">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2022_PHOTO_COMP_Skyline_Hookcropped.jpg?h=034a5371&itok=5geu_pYl" width="614" height="409" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> NIWA can help you leverage updated climate projections </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-page-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Service</div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">29 August 2024</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">NIWA is using updated climate projections to help New Zealanders better understand climate-related risks.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-8151adef36eadb6c057d6cd3c5bb7aa7e68be3df92d90ebccd2f9cc865b81d6e"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-e4c12ea18a9791e2d6e8a27ec9cac40897be7ffd25d13ad4023735c9282de540"> 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Our science prevents property damage and saves lives." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/198">Hazards</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Hazards</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Nature can be a destructive force. Our science prevents property damage and saves lives.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/hazards"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-f1211b1bc845879d94b512d92458bc9b5ce56e8e8e49be6a562f903e11341480"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-d06a31c84c0ac991811674093bc2d5691fad66feebfafa8ab0b41cb1e8473982"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-85e65a76343b5363f1f9b3788e03753666276149866a88949885bb09c9e468a9"> <div class="topic-tag"><a href="/hazards/coastal-hazards" hreflang="en">Coastal hazards</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-a1030bf561447be3574499addb3edbe287bcbd92b7541fe8d3587cb5b85e4d0b"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-f0d3f70bdcc6d425720b825e426b1ade585ce2a0dcbb0c20cba5b00883280274"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/hazards/weather-hazards" hreflang="en">Weather hazards</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/hazards/geological-hazards" hreflang="en">Geological hazards</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/hazards?pt=10">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/future-coasts-aotearoa">Future Coasts Aotearoa</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/identifying-rip-currents-using-artificial-intelligence">Identifying rip currents using AI</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/riskscape-software">Riskscape software</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/ma-te-haumaru-o-nga-puna-wai-o-rakaihautu-ka-ora-mo-ake-tonu">Mā te haumaru ō te wai: Aotearoa flood resilience</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/research-projects/responding-to-and-preparing-for-extreme-weather-events">Responding to and preparing for extreme weather events</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/forecasting-weather-systems">Forecasting weather systems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/tsunami-generated-underwater-volcanoes">Tsunami generated by underwater volcanoes</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/weather-hazards/river-flow-forecasting">River flow forecasting</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/our-services?subtree%5Btopic%5D=198">Tools & services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/coastal-hazards/extreme-coastal-flood-maps-aotearoa-new-zealand">Extreme coastal flood maps for Aotearoa New Zealand</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/tides/storm-tide-red-alert-days-2025">Storm-tide red-alert days 2025</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/tide-forecaster">Tide forecaster</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/sea-level-rise">Sea-level rise</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://shiny.niwa.co.nz/drought-forecast/">Drought dashboard</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/serious-games-tool-engage-people">Serious games as a tool to engage people</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/news/tonga-eruption-confirmed-largest-ever-recorded">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2022_10_3D_MODEL_HTHH_parsonskingDSC00900-web.jpg?h=f3f0a9e5&itok=gsi2rTI3" width="614" height="409" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Tonga eruption confirmed as largest ever recorded </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-page-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Media release</div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">21 November 2022</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">A New Zealand-led team has completed the fullest investigation to date into January’s eruption of the underwater Tongan volcano.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-2f6b71dfb079e9fb4235fa316c9ffdfd737d0533b7783e37b9ad8444d330fa23"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-46f9e128c53c61d64d808d97e4b7862e1dbfd47ab11013b64edfbf9b711bbf61"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/coasts-and-oceans" title="NIWA aims to provide the knowledge needed for the sound environmental management of our marine resources." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/6203">Coasts & Oceans</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Coasts & Oceans</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">NIWA aims to provide the knowledge needed for the sound environmental management of our marine resources.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/coasts-and-oceans"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-2ee711a02907119b308720693e087c1e6a0194fe44f28db07e6d80e3a047ee90"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-1b05980f8cb368545974ae7b4b842606f60a26eaa182c0a8bf087a3da5e70d1f"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-b54d399d97760a8df68028d4d01ed780be772cbd86733f3b32b16e87c2c0725f"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-629790f68b895b41d83230970808d9887305ead732e68491dbd579792d63216d"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-e9e6349c04129842a0b1d259dc6689d610c99e02b87f1d4812fe2f1aa2d346b4"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/fisheries" hreflang="en">Fisheries</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/aquaculture" hreflang="en">Aquaculture</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/oceans" hreflang="en">Oceans</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/coasts" hreflang="en">Coasts</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/coasts/estuaries" hreflang="en">Estuaries</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/antarctica" hreflang="en">Antarctica</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/research">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/antarctica?pt=10#filters">Antarctica</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/aquaculture?pt=10#filters">Aquaculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts?pt=10#filters">Coasts </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/research?subtree%5Btopic%5D=6145&subtree%5Bsubtopic%5D=158&created=All">Estuaries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries?pt=10#filters">Fisheries </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/oceans?pt=10#filters">Oceans</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/our-services">Tools & Services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/aquaculture?pt=13#filters">Aquaculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts?pt=13#filters">Coasts</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/our-services?subtree%5Btopic%5D=6145&subtree%5Bsubtopic%5D=158">Estuaries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries?pt=13#filters">Fisheries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/oceans?pt=13#filters">Oceans</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/vessels/niwa-vessels">NIWA Vessels</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/coasts-and-oceans?pt=27">Frequently visited</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/aquaculture/yellowtail-kingfish">Kingfish aquaculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/future-coasts-aotearoa">Future Coasts Aotearoa</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/marine-biosecurity">Marine biosecurity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries/ross-sea-toothfish-fishery">The Ross Sea toothfish fishery</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries/recreational-fishing">Recreational Fishing</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/marine-identification-guides-and-fact-sheets">Marine identification guides</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/voyages">Voyages</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/edna-research-and-services">eDNA research and services</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/vessels/voyages/ross-sea-voyage-2025">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/inline-images/grab_sample_25_01_2025_gert_0.jpg?h=4521fff0&itok=er7lnYBA" width="614" height="409" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Ross Sea “ACTUATE” Voyage 2025 </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">RV Tangaroa voyage to the Ross Sea, the ship’s 16th voyage to Antarctica and Southern Ocean.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-5c941e518ab1bdd30c634e0f0c40cf875e36d18cdadcdc165edfc3493c3cc31e"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-3f2c02edd36501e12316e92afeddc2bda83b95701cb8068a578d7b0d9d86c439"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/freshwater" title="We provide public information on river, lake, and groundwater conditions across New Zealand including water quantity and quality." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114353">Freshwater</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Freshwater</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">We provide public information on river, lake, and groundwater conditions across New Zealand including water quantity and quality.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/freshwater"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-6a79c33c8e0ef5bd325ca9af4e17f77da290c750cd515629b324d605cd6e45ba"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-c6035d645a667c703c4cfd3982f28e918f19553e31ac5c9a9d375302d56c0d2b"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-1426a1ca4eca3f24f08ea70ac716122c4224cef81512f38796f0cc5a99774c3c"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-2015a05bc2bbaa70b5aeac24a42b4db00ab0a1679074acce9ef74aa15a62c978"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-ad3951390555b97ac2ff3945033563b8841f66e621414d5962ceace9fab996e2"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/ecological-monitoring" hreflang="en">Ecological monitoring</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/ecotoxicology" hreflang="en">Ecotoxicology</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-fish" hreflang="en">Freshwater fish</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-invertebrates" hreflang="en">Freshwater invertebrates</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-quality" hreflang="en">Freshwater quality</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-restoration" hreflang="en">Freshwater restoration</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater?pt=10">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/stopping-gold-clam-its-now-or-never">Stopping the gold clam: it's now or never</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/roto-turf-aquatic-plant-life-rafts-degraded-lakes">Roto Turf: Aquatic plant ‘life rafts’ in degraded lakes</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems">Freshwater mitigation systems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/fish-passage">Fish Passage</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/high-frequency-water-quality-monitoring-guidance">High Frequency Water Quality Monitoring Guidance</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/bio-acoustic-fish-fence">Bio-Acoustic Fish Fence</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network">Snow and Ice Network</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater?pt=13">Services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/niwa-water-quality-laboratory">NIWA Water Quality Laboratory</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/algal-monitoring-service">Algal monitoring service</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/ecotoxicology-services">Ecotoxicology services</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-aquatic-plants">Freshwater aquatic plants</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/lakespi-keeping-tabs-lake-health">LakeSPI: Keeping tabs on lake health</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/water-quality-modelling">Water quality modelling</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater?pt=13">Tools & Resources</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-databases-online">Freshwater databases online</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/fish-passage-home/new-zealand-fish-passage-guidelines">Fish Passage Guidelines</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fish-passage/guidelines-monitoring-fish-passage-success">Guidelines for monitoring fish passage success</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/environmental-information/nz-freshwater-fish-database/nz-freshwater-fish-database-help">Freshwater Fish database</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-pest-species">Freshwater pest species</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems/riparian-buffers/riparian-buffer-design-guide">Riparian Buffer Design Guide</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems/constructed-wetlands/constructed-wetland-guidelines">Constructed wetland guidelines</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/stream-health-monitoring-and-assessment-kit-shmak">Stream Health Monitoring and Assessment Kit (SHMAK)</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater/freshwater-programme-overview">Programmes</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/freshwater-species-ecology-and-management">Freshwater species ecology and management</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/Hydrological-observations-and-predictions">Hydrological observations and predictions</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/environmental-flows">Environmental flows</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/causes-and-effects-of-water-quality-degradation">Causes and effects of water quality degradation</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater-biosecurity">Freshwater biosecurity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems">Freshwater mitigation systems</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/stopping-gold-clam-its-now-or-never">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2024-10/Gold_clam_bannerMiddle.png?h=000c6485&itok=hZMVsY0Z" width="614" height="409" alt="Gold_clam_bannerMiddle.png" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Stopping the gold clam: it's now or never </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">A NIWA-led programme to develop effective, and culturally-attuned strategies for managing the freshwater gold clam. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-384ad2eea2d9775c220f29a4f0d99636aeff98823ff05daa4c14403141a34af4"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-58d77391170eff116ef47ff7856ceea5b600362242a2d000d352176b1c9861cc"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori" title="Working together with hapū, iwi, Māori communities and Māori business to deliver tailored science." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114354">Te Kūwaha</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Te Kūwaha</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Working together with hapū, iwi, Māori communities and Māori business to deliver tailored science.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-3faa9634d3e8942ab192657fdb09f781fa5eb801dd2996cfd87a32ead332b51c"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-f03ba2ec33781ce90aad58f8de9216ddb0531d166364e73a5e1f965beda06597"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-ea6e8624015adf489b9eedf714f705ecb2fddcfb2c706776271d1a20b669b266"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-405b67f8984ae0da50476e07b401844779a91cdbebb047479b51f7643b834ce7"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-8ef671295c9682bc49f4270b10eab45772e608b776a08191aa6618f30fef6889"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori/taonga-species" hreflang="en">Taonga species</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/te-kuwaha-and-maori?pt=10#filters">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/research-projects/cultural-keystone-species-co-management-and-restoration-of-our-freshwater-taonga-species">Cultural Keystone Species</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/research-projects/maniapoto-cultural-assessment-framework">Maniapoto Cultural Assessment Framework</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-k%C5%ABwaha/research-projects/the-impact-of-non-native-marine-pests-on-our-takutai-moana">The impact of non-native marine pests on our takutai moana</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-k%C5%ABwaha/research-projects/ng%C4%81-repo-o-maniapoto-maniapoto-wetland-inventory">Ngā repo o Maniapoto - Maniapoto wetland inventory</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/te-kuwaha-and-maori?pt=13#filters">Tools & Resources</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taonga-species">Taonga Species Series</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/ccva">Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (CCVA)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori/kaitiaki-tools">Kaitiaki Tools</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/tools-and-resources/trends-analysis-for-selected-indicators-of-waikato-river-health-and-wellbeing-2010-2019">Trends analysis for selected indicators of Waikato River health</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/information-and-resources/climate-and-m%C4%81ori-society">Climate and Māori society</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori/te-kuwaha-graduate-programme">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2023-01/koru.jpg?h=c74750f6&itok=zxI9Rh7E" width="614" height="409" alt="Koru" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Te Kūwaha Graduate Programme </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">19 January 2023</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">NIWA’s Te Kūwaha Graduate Internship programme has been established to help support and create tangible pathways for the next generation of Māori researchers. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-92186cd415f6fac9e517adf0fd2e87e3c329f406c98339f33fb71fde3e41c7ac"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-5a88b8f71fdd307b326d9defb7459a83d345ca7d7cdc4e9b668cb28fb88a7643"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/pacific" title="We provide applied science and environmental consultancy services to support international development. NIWA works collaboratively with Pacific partners to support the sustainable management and resilience of natural resources, environments & communities." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/222">Pacific</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Pacific</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">We provide applied science and environmental consultancy services to support international development. NIWA works collaboratively with Pacific partners to support the sustainable management and resilience of natural resources, environments & communities.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/pacific"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-5479b9817980ce612eb40b5f407e6123460424341de986109760bbd6079ad16d"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-c9d83e7517db4b2e0ff1ffec3a5ec1b5ca9a9a0df2326a98d0a0d4c2d0c8fad0"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-8da38bec153db2966077e03649b96bd28afc20acd1bef8807c21215917a37854"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-b291893faa67e0b66517d065d18086d4fbde51df10b5c92de19cd0fb0fcb4b08"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-7c8d4871d6805af9b9d2712ef6b195c1b228cdf0ea295badfd785c9d93c67bb6"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-climate" hreflang="en">Pacific climate</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-fisheries-and-aquaculture" hreflang="en">Pacific fisheries and aquaculture</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-hazards" hreflang="en">Pacific hazards</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-hydrography" hreflang="en">Pacific hydrography</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-marine-biosecurity" hreflang="en">Pacific marine biosecurity</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-ocean-science" hreflang="en">Pacific ocean science</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/pacific/pacific-partnerships">Partnerships</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/752874b7f122451a8dff87a068f4402f">A Floating University for the Pacific</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/seabed-2030/seabed-2030">Pacific Centre for Seabed 2030</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://gem.spc.int/updates/blog/2021/09/new-ocean-acidification-training-hub-launched-to-tackle-growing-threat">Pacific Ocean Acidification Training Hub</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/pacific?pt=10#filters">Research Projects</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific-rim/research-projects/pacific-risk-tool-for-resilience-phase-2-partner-2">Pacific Risk Tool for Resilience, Phase 2 (PARTneR-2)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific/improved-sustainability-demersal-line-fishery-tonga">Improved sustainability of the demersal line fishery in Tonga</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific-rim/research-projects/development-of-sustainable-water-supply-and-treatment-systems-for-a-coastal-fijian-village">Development of sustainable water supply and treatment systems</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/pacific?pt=13#filters">Tools & Services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/island-climate-update">Island Climate Update</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/coastal-hazards/partner-pacific-risk-tool-resilience">Riskscape</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific/climate-data-environment-services-client-clidesc">Climate Data for the Environment Services Client (CliDESc)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/climate/climate-maps">Climatology maps for Vanuatu</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific/site-household-sanitation-guidelines-fiji">On-Site Household Sanitation Guidelines for Fiji</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/climate-and-weather/island-climate-update">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2023-09/2022_09_TONGATAPU_parsonskingDSC08863.jpg?h=82f92a78&itok=5PQVHxgt" width="614" height="409" alt="Coconut palms against the night sky in Tongatapu" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Island Climate Update </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-page-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Publication series</div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">06 June 2017</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">A monthly summary of the climate in the tropical South Pacific islands, with an outlook for the coming months.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-6f8d8086e355ad36206f92ca9783df9db6cd0e68324012cb02c60150475f1571"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-48669dd87068291a8ba1bba2f1625cd62f2adab7e19c6add418179a381dac5f5"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-niwa-secondarymenublock-menu" id="block-niwa-secondarymenublock"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-niwa-secondarymenublock-menu">Secondary menu</h2> <ul class="site__header__menu__list--secondary"> <li data-disable-flyout="0" class="site__header__menu__item--secondary"> <a href="/about-niwa" title="Decision makers at all levels are seeking evidence-based analysis and advice from environmental experts. NIWA’s science provides high quality insights to underpin important decisions, and innovative solutions." class="site__header__menu__link--secondary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114355">About</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentsecondary-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">About</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Decision makers at all levels are seeking evidence-based analysis and advice from environmental experts. NIWA’s science provides high quality insights to underpin important decisions, and innovative solutions.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/about-niwa"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-secondary-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links-utility paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/about-niwa/our-people">Our people</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about-niwa/our-people/our-board">Our board</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about-niwa/our-people/our-management/executive-team">Executive team</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a 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provide a solid basis to understand seasonal patterns and long-term changes to seasonal snow and ice in alpine regions of New Zealand.</p> </div> <nav class="page__title-banner__icon-menu"> <a href="/climate-and-weather" class="field-group-link icon-menu__button" title="Climate and weather" hreflang="en"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 640 512"> <path d="M303.8 13.4c-.9-5.4-4.5-10-9.6-12.1s-10.9-1.5-15.4 1.6L208 52.5 137.2 2.9c-4.5-3.2-10.3-3.8-15.4-1.6s-8.7 6.7-9.6 12.1L98.1 98.1 13.4 112.2c-5.4 .9-10 4.5-12.1 9.6s-1.5 10.9 1.6 15.4L52.5 208 2.9 278.8c-3.2 4.5-3.8 10.3-1.6 15.4s6.7 8.7 12.1 9.6l84.7 14.1 14.1 84.7c.9 5.4 4.5 10 9.6 12.1s10.9 1.5 15.4-1.6l24.4-17c3.2-20.2 11-38.9 22.5-54.8l-44.4 31.1-11.8-71c-1.1-6.7-6.4-12-13.2-13.2l-71-11.8 41.4-59.2c3.9-5.5 3.9-12.8 0-18.4L43.7 139.6l71-11.8c6.7-1.1 12-6.4 13.2-13.2l11.8-71 59.2 41.4c5.5 3.9 12.8 3.9 18.4 0l59.2-41.4 11.8 71c1.1 6.7 6.4 12 13.2 13.2l71 11.8-40.2 57.5c11.4-3.3 23.4-5.1 35.8-5.1c2.2 0 4.5 .1 6.7 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title="Scientific Tools & Data" hreflang="en"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"> <path d="M240 64c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V432c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H208c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V80c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h32zM208 32c-26.5 0-48 21.5-48 48V432c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h32c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V80c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H208zM80 256c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V432c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H48c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V272c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16H80zM48 224c-26.5 0-48 21.5-48 48V432c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48H80c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V272c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48zm320-96h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16V432c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16H368c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16V144c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm-48 16V432c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h32c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V144c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H368c-26.5 0-48 21.5-48 48z"></path> </svg> </a> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="page__title-banner__breadcrumb"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li class="breadcrumb__item breadcrumb__item--mobile-hidden"> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__item"> <a href="/freshwater">Freshwater</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__item breadcrumb__item--mobile-hidden"> Snow and Ice Network </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </header> <div class="node node--type-page node--view-mode-full ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="body-content"> <div class="body-content__main"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="has-lede-font-size">NIWA has established a network of high elevation electronic weather stations to provide a solid basis to understand seasonal patterns and long-term changes to seasonal snow and ice in alpine regions of New Zealand.</p> <div class="wp-block-columns"> <div class="wp-block-column"> <div style="height:47px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <p>These sites are known as the NIWA Snow and Ice Network (SIN). </p> <p>The SIN sites are located throughout the alpine regions of New Zealand and collect information on snowfall, snow storage and snow melt as well as alpine climate. </p> <p>Seasonal snow and ice dynamics affect alpine hazards, recreation, tourism, stream ecology, hydro-electric generation, and water abstraction. </p> <p>Along with model simulations and remotely sensed images of snow, SIN information is essential to understand, predict, and manage the snow resources and hazards across New Zealand. </p> <p>As well as climate information, each SIN site measures snow depth, while 6 sites additionally collect information on the total water content of the snowpack (frozen and liquid), otherwise known as snow water equivalent (SWE). </p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column"><figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/Snow-ice-network-locations-SouthIs-NZ-clear-NIWA.png"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/portrait/public/Snow-ice-network-locations-SouthIs-NZ-clear-NIWA.png?itok=ZHRWKusq" width="600" height="494" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> NIWA </div> </div> <figcaption>Snow and Ice Network - electronic weather stations in the South Island, New Zealand.</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <p>Information on current snow depth relative to historical records is provided for the following key sites. Note that the plots are updated weekly from raw data that has not undergone any manual quality assurance / quality control.</p> <figure class="wp-block-table is-style-stripes"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/Mt-Philistine-EWS">Mt Philistine</a></td><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/Mahanga-EWS">Mahanga</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/IvoryGlacier-CWS">Ivory Glacier</a></td><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/UpperRakaia-EWS">Upper Rakaia</a> </td></tr><tr><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/MuellerHut-EWS">Mueller Hut</a></td><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/MtPotts-EWS">Mt Potts</a> </td></tr><tr><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/AlbertBurn-EWS">Albert Burn</a></td><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/CastleMount-EWS">Castle Mount</a> </td></tr><tr><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/MurchisonMountains-EWS">Murchison Mountains</a> </td><td><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network/Mt-Larkins-EWS">Mt Larkins</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></figure> <h2>The approach</h2> <p>This project supports the semi-continuous analysis and quality control of the snow information from SIN sites. Raw information is available at each site in near-real time and a weekly semi-automated quality control is carried out during the winter. At the end of the snow season, the snow information undergoes a formal quality control process. Climate information is archived in the New Zealand climate database (CLidB) and snow information is archived in the National hydrology archives ensuring information is accessible for future use. To access the data please get in touch with one of the key contacts below.</p> <h2>End users</h2> <p>The work carried out in this project serves a range of users including the <a href="https://www.avalanche.net.nz">Mountain Safety Council avalanche advisory</a>, <a href="https://weather.niwa.co.nz/parks">Department of Conservation National Parks weather service</a>, <a href="/climate/seasonal-climate-outlook">seasonal river flow outlook</a>, hydro-electricity generators, land managers, local authorities and researchers in New Zealand and the world. The SIN network provides them with the information to better understand and plan for water use, river flood hazard, recreational hazards (e.g. avalanches).</p> <p>The remote location of the SIN stations also provides a unique opportunity to New Zealand research community to develop benchmarking testing sites for modelled and remotely sensed snow products. Each site was selected to represent a specific weather pattern in New Zealand.</p> <p>The project is funded through the Strategic Science Investment Fund from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. It supports work currently carried out as part of: New Zealand's international obligation through the World Meteorological Organisation (<a href="https://public.wmo.int/">WMO</a>) such as Global Cryosphere Watch (<a href="https://globalcryospherewatch.org/">GCW</a>) or the Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (<a href="https://library.wmo.int/records/item/56317-wmo-solid-precipitation-intercomparison-experiment-spice-2012-2015">SPICE</a>); national projects such as the Deep South National Science Challenge - <a href="https://www.deepsouthchallenge.co.nz/programmes/impacts-and-implications">Impact and Implication Programme - Frozen water and Hydrology</a> projects, and NIWA-led project the <a href="/freshwater/research-projects/nz-water-model-hydrology-nzwam-hydro">New Zealand Water Model - Hydrology</a>; downstream impact of climate change project; near real time state of the snow resource; development of <a href="/climate/research-projects/river-flow-forecasting">river flow forecasting tools</a>, as well as verification of NIWA Numerical Weather Prediction models at high elevation.</p> <h2>Citizen science observations of snow</h2> <p>Information collected through this project is complemented by citizen science observations of snow depth. For details of how to participate or download the app visit <a href="https://niwa.co.nz/climate-and-weather/how-deep-snow-your-place">How deep is the snow at your place?</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="body-content__sidebar"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-block-fieldnode-book-sidebar field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="book-blocks-toc"><div class='book-blocks-toc-book book--active-trail'><span class='book-blocks-toc-prefix'>Book: </span><a href='/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network'>Snow and Ice Network</a></div> <ul class="book-blocks-toc-list"> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mount-philistine-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Mount Philistine electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mahanga-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Mahanga electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/ivory-glacier-compact-weather-station-cws" hreflang="en">Ivory Glacier - compact weather station (CWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/upper-rakaia-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Upper Rakaia electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mueller-hut-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Mueller Hut electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mt-potts-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Mt Potts electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/albert-burn-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Albert Burn electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/castle-mount-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Castle Mount electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/murchison-mountains-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Murchison Mountains electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mount-larkins-electronic-weather-station-ews" hreflang="en">Mount Larkins electronic weather station (EWS)</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-block-fieldnode-book-pages field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="book-cards card-grid js-view-dom-id-975e9fa2a0d3c66b9f6d4770149704a07b6b34cc3571dbf2b1935b6894d79520"> <header> <div class="js-view-dom-id-e97936480b0d1c09603d485b7326a71d7d30d9efe41dfaf453c675d8503f182b"> </div> </header> <div class="card-grid__wrapper"> <ul class="card-grid__list"> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mount-philistine-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Philistine.png?h=e5848bd9&itok=qBzVBDBP" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Mount Philistine electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The Mount Philistine site is located at 1655m elevation on the Main Divide near Arthurs Pass and Rolleston Glacier. It is a high precipitation area and snow records here start in 2010.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mahanga-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Mahanga.jpg?h=854a7be2&itok=FjXuvRkb" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Mahanga electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Mahanga electronic weather station (EWS) is on Mount Mahanga in Tasman. It is at 1940 m elevation near the Nelson Lakes. It's our most northerly South Island site and our snow records here date back to 2009.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/ivory-glacier-compact-weather-station-cws">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Ivory-SIN-station-NIWA.jpg?h=2f83cd36&itok=WsVmOqfl" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Ivory Glacier - compact weather station (CWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The Ivory Glacier SIN site is located at 1390 m next to Ivory Lake, west of the main divide of the Southern Alps/ Kā Tiritiri Te Moana.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/upper-rakaia-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Upper-rakaia-SIN-station-NIWA-May-17-2021.jpg?h=06f6671c&itok=VwqKgo96" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Upper Rakaia electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The Upper Rakaia SIN site is located at 1752 m on a north facing slope in the Jollie Range. Records start in 2010.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mueller-hut-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Mueller.jpg?h=3f8abde5&itok=ik9Qt9oF" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Mueller Hut electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Mueller Hut electronic weather station is at 1818m elevation and located in Mount Cook/Aoraki National Park. This site also measures solic precipitation and solar radiation. This is the deepest (~3m) of all the snow and ice network sites and records at this site start from 2010.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mt-potts-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Mt-Potts-SIN-station-NIWA.jpg?h=d1cb525d&itok=tKzSosaq" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Mt Potts electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Our highest elevation site at 2128 m, Mt Potts is also one our sites very exposed to wind.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/albert-burn-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Albert-burn-SIN-station-NIWA.jpg?h=2f83cd36&itok=AXVl2rOx" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Albert Burn electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The Albert Burn SIN site is located at 1280 m in the upper Albert Burn valley, east of Mt Aspiring/Tititea. Records start in 2012.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/castle-mount-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Castle%20Mount.png?h=cab1ff9a&itok=bGJV-lDk" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Castle Mount electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Castle Mount electronic weather station is at 2000 m elevation on an exposed site above the Milford Track. Records here begin in 2012. Strong winds limit snow accumulation during the winter.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/murchison-mountains-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Murchison.png?h=40fd4464&itok=ibVTclL1" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Murchison Mountains electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The Murchison mountains SIN station is located at 1140 m elevation in Fiordland National Park. Because of the low elevation, snow often comes and goes throughout the winter season. Snow records start in 2012.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="card"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/snow-and-ice-network/mount-larkins-electronic-weather-station-ews">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card/public/Larkins.png?h=c673cd1c&itok=tMOZ82Ab" width="710" height="473" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Mount Larkins electronic weather station (EWS) </h2> </div> <div class="card__datetype-wrapper"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">The Mount Larkins electronic weather station is located east of the main divide near Glenorchy and Lake Wakatipu at 1900m elevation.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-topic field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/hydrology-and-flow" hreflang="en">Hydrology and flow</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/scientific-tools-data/stations" hreflang="en">Stations</a></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="contacts"> <h2 class="contacts__label">NIWA Contacts</h2> <div > <div class="views-element-container"><div class="contacts--items contacts__items js-view-dom-id-015b7a9ca317d76a95566a50a9cb7b0a86a1e1a478d6fbd62a67c5e36956bb9f"> <div> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="contact"> <a href="/people/christian-zammit" class="field-group-link contact__link" hreflang="en"> <div class="contact__picture-wrapper"> <img loading="lazy" src="/system/files/styles/card_contact/private/staff-profile-photos/2024-09/christian_zammit_DSC6874_credit_dave_allen_NIWA-crop.jpg?h=94ea1b63&itok=7EXN_d1b" width="727" height="485" alt="Profile picture for Christian Zammit" /> </div> <h3 class="contact__full-name">Dr Christian Zammit</h3> <div class="contact__job-title">Hydrologist</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="contact"> <a href="/people/jono-conway" class="field-group-link contact__link" hreflang="en"> <div class="contact__picture-wrapper"> <img loading="lazy" src="/system/files/styles/card_contact/private/staff-profile-photos/2024-09/jono-conway-2019.jpg?h=6af58194&itok=8i1ekBuV" width="727" height="485" alt="Profile picture for Jono Conway" /> </div> <h3 class="contact__full-name">Dr Jono Conway</h3> <div class="contact__job-title">Hydrological Forecasting Scientist</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="contact"> <a href="/people/jeremy-rutherford" class="field-group-link contact__link" hreflang="en"> <div class="contact__picture-wrapper"> <img loading="lazy" src="/system/files/styles/card_contact/private/staff-profile-photos/2024-09/Jeremy-Rutherford-NIWA.jpg?h=8157e04a&itok=h_BN34f7" width="727" height="485" alt="Profile picture for Jeremy Rutherford" /> </div> <h3 class="contact__full-name"> Jeremy Rutherford</h3> <div class="contact__job-title">Principal Technician - Environmental Monitoring</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> 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