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Ely</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Ely – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Richard T. Ely" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%B9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Ռիչարդ Էլի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռիչարդ Էլի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89" title="ريتشارد تى الى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ريتشارد تى الى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Ely" title="Richard Ely – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Richard Ely" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Эли, Ричард – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эли, Ричард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_T._Ely" title="Richard T. 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American economist (1854–1943)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Richard T. Ely</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg/220px-Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg/330px-Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg/440px-Richard_T._Ely_circa_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4267" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Ely around 1910, at the University of Wisconsin</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1854-04-13</span>)</span>April 13, 1854<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Ripley,_New_York" title="Ripley, New York">Ripley, New York</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 4, 1943<span style="display:none">(1943-10-04)</span> (aged 89)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Old_Lyme,_Connecticut" title="Old Lyme, Connecticut">Old Lyme, Connecticut</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill_Cemetery_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" title="Forest Hill Cemetery (Madison, Wisconsin)">Forest Hill Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg University</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Field</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Political_economy" title="Political economy">Political economy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral<br />advisor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knies" title="Karl Knies">Karl Knies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Academic<br />advisors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johann_Kaspar_Bluntschli" title="Johann Kaspar Bluntschli">Johann Bluntschli</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral<br />students</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Henry_Haney" title="Lewis Henry Haney">Lewis Henry Haney</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Hansen" title="Alvin Hansen">Alvin Hansen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Alsworth_Ross" title="Edward Alsworth Ross">Edward Alsworth Ross</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/William_Amasa_Scott" title="William Amasa Scott">William A. Scott</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sherwood" title="Sidney Sherwood">Sidney Sherwood</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Allyn_Abbott_Young" title="Allyn Abbott Young">Allyn Abbott Young</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/David_Kinley" title="David Kinley">David Kinley</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other notable students</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Commons" title="John R. Commons">John R. Commons</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Richard Theodore Ely</b> (April 13, 1854 – October 4, 1943) was an American <a href="/wiki/Economist" title="Economist">economist</a>, author, and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_the_United_States" title="Progressivism in the United States">Progressive movement</a> who called for more <a href="/wiki/Government_intervention" class="mw-redirect" title="Government intervention">government intervention</a> to reform what they perceived as the injustices of <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalism</a>, especially regarding factory conditions, compulsory education, <a href="/wiki/Child_labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Child labor">child labor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Labor_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor union">labor unions</a>. </p><p>Ely is best remembered as a founder and the first Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/American_Economic_Association" title="American Economic Association">American Economic Association</a>, as a founder and secretary of the Christian Social Union, and as the author of a series of widely read books on the <a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">organized labor movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a>, and other social issues. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ely was born in 1854 in <a href="/wiki/Ripley,_New_York" title="Ripley, New York">Ripley</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, the oldest child of Ezra Sterling and Harriet Gardner (Mason) Ely.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cyc_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cyc-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He grew up on his family's 90-acre farm near <a href="/wiki/Fredonia,_New_York" title="Fredonia, New York">Fredonia, New York</a>, carrying wood, milking cows, churning butter, and picking rock in the fields. He later recalled that life on the farm taught him much.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyc_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Richard's father was a self-taught engineer and young Richard helped him lay out a railroad in <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cyc_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cyc-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Richard's father was not a successful farmer, relying too much on questionable ideas from popular farm magazines rather than local experience. Fluctuating prices further complicated farming.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyc_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Richard's father was a devout <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> who avoided tobacco, allowed no work or play on Sunday, and refused to grow <a href="/wiki/Hops" title="Hops">hops</a> because they would have been used to make beer. Yet his stern father read poetry and studied Latin. Ely's mother painted and taught art in the local teachers' college. Ely transferred his affiliation to the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church</a> in college, and through his life remained devout and active.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyc_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Education and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ely attended <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, from which he received a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in 1876 and a <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">master's degree</a> in 1879.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Doctor of Philosophy</a> degree in <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Heidelberg" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Heidelberg">University of Heidelberg</a> in that same year,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he had studied with <a href="/wiki/Karl_Knies" title="Karl Knies">Karl Knies</a>, who belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Historical_school_of_economics" title="Historical school of economics">historical school of economics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Gannon355_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gannon355-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Johann_Kaspar_Bluntschli" title="Johann Kaspar Bluntschli">Johann Kaspar Bluntschli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later received a <a href="/wiki/Doctorate_of_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctorate of Laws">Doctorate of Laws</a> from <a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">Hobart College</a>, receiving the degree in 1892.<sup id="cite_ref-Gannon355_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gannon355-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ely was a professor and head of the Department of <a href="/wiki/Political_economy" title="Political economy">Political Economy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a> from 1881 to 1892.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1885, Ely was a founder of the <a href="/wiki/American_Economic_Association" title="American Economic Association">American Economic Association</a>, serving until 1892 as the group's Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later served a term as President of the organization, holding that position from 1899 to 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The AEA Distinguished Lecture series was formerly known as the Richard T. Ely Lecture; it was renamed in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ely also founded <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lai.org/">Lambda Alpha International</a> in 1930. Its purposes included the encouragement of the study of <a href="/wiki/Land_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Land economics">land economics</a> in universities; the promotion of a closer affiliation between its members and the professional world of land economics; and the furtherance of the highest ideals of scholarship and honesty in business and the universities. Richard T. Ely is known as the "Father of Land Economics". </p><p>In April 1891, Ely was a founder and the first Secretary of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Social_Union_(United_States)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Social Union (United States) (page does not exist)">Christian Social Union</a>, a membership organization advocating the application of <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> principles to the social problems of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973359_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973359-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1892 until 1925, he was professor of Political Economy and director of the School of Economics, Political Science, and History at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a>. In 1894 an unsuccessful attempt was made by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Elwin_Wells" title="Oliver Elwin Wells">Oliver Elwin Wells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Public_Instruction_of_Wisconsin" title="Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin">Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin</a> and <i>ex officio</i> member of the <a href="/wiki/Governing_boards_of_colleges_and_universities_in_the_United_States" title="Governing boards of colleges and universities in the United States">University's Board of Regents</a> to expel Ely from his chair at Wisconsin for purportedly teaching <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialistic</a> doctrines. This effort failed, with the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> state <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Regents" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Regents">Board of Regents</a> issuing a ringing proclamation in favor of <a href="/wiki/Academic_freedom" title="Academic freedom">academic freedom</a>, acknowledging the necessity for freely "<a href="/wiki/Sifting_and_winnowing" title="Sifting and winnowing">sifting and winnowing</a>" among competing claims of truth.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1906, Ely co-founded the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_Labor_Legislation" title="American Association for Labor Legislation">American Association for Labor Legislation</a> (AALL) with other economists.<sup id="cite_ref-DAMoss_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DAMoss-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1925, Ely moved to <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago</a>, where he accepted a position as professor of economics. He remained at Northwestern until his retirement in 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_views">Political views</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although regarded as a radical by his detractors on the political right,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ely was in fact opposed to socialism. "I condemn alike," he declared, "that individualism that would allow the state no room for industrial activity, and that socialism which would absorb in the state the functions of the individual."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He argued that socialism was not needed, and "the alternative of socialism is our complex socio-economic order, which is based, in the main, upon private property." He warned that the proper "balance between private and public enterprise" is "menaced by socialism, on the one hand, and by <a href="/wiki/Plutocracy" title="Plutocracy">plutocracy</a>, on the other."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ely's critique of socialism made him a political target of the socialists themselves. In his 1910 book, <i>Ten Blind Leaders of the Blind</i>, Arthur Morrow Lewis acknowledged that Ely was a "fair opponent" who had "done much to obtain a hearing for [socialism] among the unreasonable", but charged he was merely one of those "bourgeois intellectuals" who were "not sufficiently intellectual to grasp the nature of our position."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ely was a product of the German historical school with an emphasis on evolution to new forms, and never accepted the <a href="/wiki/Marginalist_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Marginalist revolution">marginalist revolution</a> that was transforming economic theory in Britain and the U.S. He was strongly influenced by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Herbert Spencer</a> and strongly favored competition over <a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">monopoly</a> or <a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">state ownership</a>, with regulation to "secure its benefits" and "mitigate its evils". What was needed was "to raise its moral and ethical level."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, whereas Spencer believed that free competition was best served by deregulation and a smaller state, Ely believed that more regulation and a more interventionist state was the policy to follow. Also on <a href="/wiki/Social_Darwinism" title="Social Darwinism">social Darwinism</a>, Spencer believed that the state should not get involved in supporting one ethnic group over another — whereas Ely believed that the state should support white "<a href="/wiki/Nordic_race" title="Nordic race">Nordic</a>" people against people of other races (in line with the opinions of his colleagues at the University of Wisconsin, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Alsworth_Ross" title="Edward Alsworth Ross">Edward Alsworth Ross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Van_Hise" title="Charles R. Van Hise">Charles R. Van Hise</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Ely favored <a href="/wiki/Eugenics_in_the_United_States" title="Eugenics in the United States">eugenics</a>, arguing the "unfit" should be kept from reproducing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ely argued that blacks were "for the most part grownup children, and should be treated as such."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ely was an advocate for <a href="/wiki/Redlining" title="Redlining">redlining</a> (which entails racial segregation and discrimination in real estate), and has been considered influential in the institutionalization of redlining practices in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ely did support labor unions and opposed child labor, as did many leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Movement">Progressive Movement</a>, and also some conservatives such as <a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Mark Hanna</a>. Ely was close to the <a href="/wiki/Social_Gospel" title="Social Gospel">Social Gospel</a> movement, emphasizing that the Gospel of Christ applied to society as a whole, not merely to individuals; he worked hard to convince churches to advocate on behalf of workers. Ely strongly influenced his friend <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rauschenbusch" title="Walter Rauschenbusch">Walter Rauschenbusch</a>, a leading spokesman for the Social Gospel. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Ely worked to build popular support for the American war effort, taking part in the activities of the <a href="/wiki/League_to_Enforce_Peace" title="League to Enforce Peace">League to Enforce Peace</a>. He headed the committee of arrangements for a "Win the War Convention" held in Madison from November 8–10, 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ely's political activities during World War I included his campaign against Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette" title="Robert M. La Follette">Robert M. La Follette</a>. Although La Follette was a Progressive in politics, he did not support the war, and so Ely regarded him as unfit for office. Ely tried to have him removed from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> and end his influence in Wisconsin politics. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_(1854%E2%80%931943)_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_(Madison,_Wisconsin).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_%281854%E2%80%931943%29_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_%28Madison%2C_Wisconsin%29.jpg/200px-Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_%281854%E2%80%931943%29_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_%28Madison%2C_Wisconsin%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_%281854%E2%80%931943%29_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_%28Madison%2C_Wisconsin%29.jpg/300px-Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_%281854%E2%80%931943%29_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_%28Madison%2C_Wisconsin%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_%281854%E2%80%931943%29_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_%28Madison%2C_Wisconsin%29.jpg/400px-Grave_of_Richard_Theodore_Ely_%281854%E2%80%931943%29_at_Forest_Hill_Cemetery_%28Madison%2C_Wisconsin%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Ely's grave (left) at Forest Hill Cemetery</figcaption></figure> <p>Ely edited Macmillan's <i>Citizen's Library of Economics, Politics, and Sociology</i> and its <i>Social Science Textbook Series</i> and Crowell's <i>Library of Economics and Politics</i>, and was a frequent contributor to periodical literature, both scientific and popular.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ely_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ely_House.jpg/200px-Ely_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ely_House.jpg/300px-Ely_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ely_House.jpg/400px-Ely_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>The Richard T. Ely House in Madison, Wisconsin</figcaption></figure> <p>Richard Ely died in <a href="/wiki/Old_Lyme,_Connecticut" title="Old Lyme, Connecticut">Old Lyme, Connecticut</a> on October 4, 1943, and was buried at <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill_Cemetery_(Madison,_Wisconsin)" title="Forest Hill Cemetery (Madison, Wisconsin)">Forest Hill Cemetery</a> in Madison. A large portion of his library was purchased by <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_University" title="Louisiana State University">Louisiana State University</a> and is now a part of LSU's Special Collections division. Ely's papers are housed at the <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a>. </p><p>The American Economic Association instituted the annual "Richard T. Ely Lecture" in 1960 in his memory, which, unlike the Association's other honors is also open to non-American economists. It was renamed the AEA Distinguished Lecture series in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His former home, now known as the <a href="/wiki/Richard_T._Ely_House" title="Richard T. Ely House">Richard T. Ely House</a>, is listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The television series <a href="/wiki/Profiles_in_Courage_(TV_series)" title="Profiles in Courage (TV series)"><i>Profiles in Courage</i></a> did an episode in 1964 titled "Richard T. Ely" about the "sifting and winnowing" incident. Ely was played by <a href="/wiki/Dan_O%27Herlihy" title="Dan O'Herlihy">Dan O'Herlihy</a>; Wells by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Asner" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Asner">Edward Asner</a>; and Ely's attorney, former Congressman <a href="/wiki/Burr_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Burr Jones">Burr Jones</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Nimoy" title="Leonard Nimoy">Leonard Nimoy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/frenchandgerman00elygoog"><i>French and German Socialism in Modern Times.</i></a> New York: Harper & Brothers, 1883.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicaleconomy00elyrrich"><i>The Past and Present of Political Economy.</i></a> (contributor) Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University, 1884.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/recentamericanso00elyrrich"><i>Recent American Socialism.</i></a> Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University, 1885.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924002356172"><i>The Labor Movement in America.</i></a> New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1886.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/taxationinameri02finlgoog"><i>Taxation in American States and Cities.</i></a> New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1888.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/88ElyProblemsoftoday"><i>Problems of Today: A Discussion of Protective Tariffs, Taxation, and Monopolies.</i></a> (1888). Revised and enlarged edition. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1890.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontopo02elyr"><i>An Introduction to Political Economy.</i></a> New York: Chautauqua Press, 1889.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/socialaspectsofc00elyr"><i>Social Aspects of Christianity, and Other Essays.</i></a> New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1889.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/universitiesand00elygoog"><i>The Universities and the Churches: An Address Delivered at the 31st University Convocation, State Chamber, Albany, New York, July 5, 1893.</i></a> Albany: State University of New York, 1893.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/outlineseconomi02unkngoog"><i>Outlines of Economics.</i></a> New York: Flood and Vincent, 1893.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/socialismexamina00elyruoft"><i>Socialism: An Examination of Its Nature, Its Strength and Its Weakness.</i></a> (1894) New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1895. <small>—Reissued as <i>The Strength and Weakness of Socialism.</i></small><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sociallawofservi00elyr"><i>The Social Law of Service.</i></a> New York: Eaton and Mains, 1896.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/monopoliestrust00elyr"><i>Monopolies and Trusts.</i></a> New York: Macmillan, 1900.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comingcity01elygoog"><i>The Coming City.</i></a> New York: Thomas Y, Crowell & Co., 1902.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studiesinevolut01elygoog"><i>Studies in the Evolution of Industrial Society.</i></a> New York: Macmillan, 1903.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elementaryprinc01wickgoog"><i>Elementary Principles of Economics: Together with a Short Sketch of Economic History.</i></a> With G.R. Wicker. New York: Macmillan, 1904.</li> <li><i>Property and Contract in their Relation to the Distribution of Wealth.</i> In two volumes. New York: Macmillan, 1914. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/propertyandcont00kinggoog">Volume 1</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/propertyandcont01kinggoog">Volume 2</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/18ElyPrivatecolonizationofland">"Private Colonization of Land,"</a> offprint from <i>American Economic Review.</i> Madison, WI: Office of the Secretary of the American Association of Agricultural Legislation, Sept. 1918.</li> <li><i>Elements of Land Economics.</i> With Edward Ward Morehouse. New York: Macmillan, 1924.</li> <li><i>Hard Times: The Way In and the Way Out: With a Special Consideration of the "Seen and the Unseen."</i> New York: Macmillan, 1932.</li> <li><i>The Great Change: Work and Wealth in the New Age.</i> With <a href="/wiki/Frank_Bohn_(socialist)" title="Frank Bohn (socialist)">Frank Bohn</a>. New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1935.</li> <li><i>Ground Under Our Feet: An Autobiography.</i> New York: Macmillan, 1938.</li> <li><i>Land Economics.</i> With G.S. Wehrwein. New York: Macmillan, 1941.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSterling2019" class="citation web cs1">Sterling, Edward Boker (February 15, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=REJVAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA385">"The Sterling genealogy"</a>. Grafton Press – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sterling+genealogy&rft.pub=Grafton+Press&rft.date=2019-02-15&rft.aulast=Sterling&rft.aufirst=Edward+Boker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DREJVAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA385&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cyc-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cyc_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cyc_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vtk-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA200">"The National Cyclopedia of American Biography ... Vol IX"</a>. J. T. White. 1899 – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+National+Cyclopedia+of+American+Biography+...+Vol+IX&rft.pub=J.+T.+White&rft.date=1899&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvtk-AAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyc-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Encyc_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Encyc_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Encyc_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/social-sciences-and-law/economics-biographies/richard-theodore-ely">"Richard Theodore Ely"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Richard+Theodore+Ely&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fpeople%2Fsocial-sciences-and-law%2Feconomics-biographies%2Frichard-theodore-ely&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothbard2002" class="citation journal cs1">Rothbard, Murray N. (March 22, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=10861653&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA83983747&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs">"Richard T. Ely: paladin of the welfare-warfare state. (Cameo)"</a>. <i>Independent Review</i>. <b>6</b> (4): 585–590.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Independent+Review&rft.atitle=Richard+T.+Ely%3A+paladin+of+the+welfare-warfare+state.+%28Cameo%29&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=585-590&rft.date=2002-03-22&rft.aulast=Rothbard&rft.aufirst=Murray+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgo.gale.com%2Fps%2Fi.do%3Fp%3DAONE%26sw%3Dw%26issn%3D10861653%26v%3D2.1%26it%3Dr%26id%3DGALE%257CA83983747%26sid%3DgoogleScholar%26linkaccess%3Dabs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColumbia_University1900" class="citation book cs1">Columbia University (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/kingscollege00colurich"><i>Officers and graduates of Columbia university : originally the college of the province of New York known as King's college : general catalogue, 1754-1900</i></a>. University of California Libraries. New York : The University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Officers+and+graduates+of+Columbia+university+%3A+originally+the+college+of+the+province+of+New+York+known+as+King%27s+college+%3A+general+catalogue%2C+1754-1900&rft.pub=New+York+%3A+The+University&rft.date=1900&rft.au=Columbia+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkingscollege00colurich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColumbia_University1900" class="citation book cs1">Columbia University (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/kingscollege00colurich"><i>Officers and graduates of Columbia university : originally the college of the province of New York known as King's college : general catalogue, 1754-1900</i></a>. University of California Libraries. New York : The University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Officers+and+graduates+of+Columbia+university+%3A+originally+the+college+of+the+province+of+New+York+known+as+King%27s+college+%3A+general+catalogue%2C+1754-1900&rft.pub=New+York+%3A+The+University&rft.date=1900&rft.au=Columbia+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkingscollege00colurich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gannon355-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gannon355_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gannon355_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGannon1973" class="citation book cs1">Gannon, Francis X. (1973). <i>Biographical Dictionary of the Left</i>. Vol. IV. Boston: Western Islands. p. 355.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Dictionary+of+the+Left&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=355&rft.pub=Western+Islands&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Gannon&rft.aufirst=Francis+X.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEly1938" class="citation book cs1">Ely, Richard T. (1938). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/groundunderourfe00elyr"><i>Ground Under Our Feet</i></a></span>. New York: Macmillan. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/groundunderourfe00elyr/page/43">43</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ground+Under+Our+Feet&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1938&rft.aulast=Ely&rft.aufirst=Richard+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgroundunderourfe00elyr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973356_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGannon1973">Gannon 1973</a>, p. 356.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aeaweb.org/about-aea/honors-awards/distinguished-lecture-series">"AEA Distinguished Lecture Series"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AEA+Distinguished+Lecture+Series&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aeaweb.org%2Fabout-aea%2Fhonors-awards%2Fdistinguished-lecture-series&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGannon1973359-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGannon1973359_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGannon1973">Gannon 1973</a>, p. 359.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.library.wisc.edu/etext/WIReader/WER1035-Chpt1.html">"Sifting and Winnowing"</a>. <i>www.library.wisc.edu</i>. January 1998.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.library.wisc.edu&rft.atitle=Sifting+and+Winnowing&rft.date=1998-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.library.wisc.edu%2Fetext%2FWIReader%2FWER1035-Chpt1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DAMoss-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DAMoss_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoss1994" class="citation journal cs1">Moss, David A. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/business-history-review/article/abs/kindling-a-flame-under-federalism-progressive-reformers-corporate-elites-and-the-phosphorus-match-campaign-of-19091912/7636150D393798D374A4C2E80FEF8D8A">"Kindling a flame under federalism: Progressive reformers, corporate elites, and the phosphorus match campaign of 1909-1912"</a>. <i>Business History Review</i>. <b>68</b> (2): 244–275. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3117443">10.2307/3117443</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3117443">3117443</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155436193">155436193</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 2,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+History+Review&rft.atitle=Kindling+a+flame+under+federalism%3A+Progressive+reformers%2C+corporate+elites%2C+and+the+phosphorus+match+campaign+of+1909-1912&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=244-275&rft.date=1994&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155436193%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3117443%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3117443&rft.aulast=Moss&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fbusiness-history-review%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fkindling-a-flame-under-federalism-progressive-reformers-corporate-elites-and-the-phosphorus-match-campaign-of-19091912%2F7636150D393798D374A4C2E80FEF8D8A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See, for example, the editorializing comments in his biography published by the <a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">John Birch Society</a> in 1973: Francis X. Gannon, "Richard T. Ely" in <i>Biographical Dictionary of the Left: Volume IV</i>, pg. 357 and passim.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quoted in Sidney Fine, "Richard T. Ely, Forerunner of Progressivism, 1880–1901", <i>The Mississippi Valley Historical Review,</i> vol. 37, no. 4 (March 1951), pg. 611.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEly1911" class="citation book cs1">Ely, Richard T. (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0CsuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3"><i>Studies in the Evolution of Industrial Society</i></a>. pp. 464, 468, 237.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+the+Evolution+of+Industrial+Society&rft.pages=464%2C+468%2C+237&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Ely&rft.aufirst=Richard+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0CsuAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPR3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1912" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Arthur M. (1912). <i>Ten Blind Leaders of the Blind</i>. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Co. pp. 65, 78.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ten+Blind+Leaders+of+the+Blind&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=65%2C+78&rft.pub=Charles+H.+Kerr+%26+Co.&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Arthur+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ely, <i>Studies in the Evolution of Industrial Society</i>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlex_Tabarrok2016" class="citation web cs1">Alex Tabarrok (December 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2016/12/richard-t-ely-alt-right-founder-american-economic-association.html">"Richard T. Ely, Alt-Right Founder of the American Economic Association"</a>. <i>Marginal Revolution</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marginal+Revolution&rft.atitle=Richard+T.+Ely%2C+Alt-Right+Founder+of+the+American+Economic+Association&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft.au=Alex+Tabarrok&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmarginalrevolution.com%2Fmarginalrevolution%2F2016%2F12%2Frichard-t-ely-alt-right-founder-american-economic-association.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinlingMichney2021" class="citation journal cs1">Winling, LaDale C; Michney, Todd M (June 1, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjaab066">"The Roots of Redlining: Academic, Governmental, and Professional Networks in the Making of the New Deal Lending Regime"</a>. <i>Journal of American History</i>. <b>108</b> (1): 42–69. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjaab066">10.1093/jahist/jaab066</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-8723">0021-8723</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+American+History&rft.atitle=The+Roots+of+Redlining%3A+Academic%2C+Governmental%2C+and+Professional+Networks+in+the+Making+of+the+New+Deal+Lending+Regime&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=42-69&rft.date=2021-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjahist%2Fjaab066&rft.issn=0021-8723&rft.aulast=Winling&rft.aufirst=LaDale+C&rft.au=Michney%2C+Todd+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fjahist%252Fjaab066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ely to A.M. Simons in Milwaukee, November 12, 1918. Simons Papers, box 2, folder 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gannon, <i>A Biographical Dictionary of the Left: Volume 4</i>, pg. 361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">AEA Distinguished Lecture Series.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.aeaweb.org/about-aea/honors-awards/distinguished-lecture-series">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=41102">"Ely House Historical Marker"</a>. <i>www.hmdb.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hmdb.org&rft.atitle=Ely+House+Historical+Marker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hmdb.org%2Fmarker.asp%3Fmarker%3D41102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+T.+Ely" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0679745/fullcredits/?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm"><i>Profiles in Courage</i> (tv series): "Richard T. Ely"</a>: Full Cast & Crew <a href="/wiki/IMDb.com" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb.com">IMDb.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ramage, B.J., ‘Dr. Ely on Social Reform’, <i>The Sewanee Review</i> 3 (1894), pp. 105-110.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Sidney Fine, "Richard T. Ely, Forerunner of Progressivism, 1880–1901," <i>The Mississippi Valley Historical Review.</i> vol. 37, no. 4 (March 1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1889359">in JSTOR</a></li> <li>Robert J. Gough, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/wmh&CISOPTR=38532&CISOSHOW=38451&REC=7">"Richard T. Ely and the Development of the Wisconsin Cutover"</a>, <i>Wisconsin Magazine of History</i>, vol. 75, no. 1 (Autumn 1991), pp. 2–38.</li> <li>Arthur M. Lewis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tenblindleaderso00lewirich"><i>Ten Blind Leaders of the Blind.</i></a> Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Co., 1910. See "Chapter 4: Richard T. Ely," pp. 65–82.</li> <li>Benjamin G. Rader, "Richard T. Ely: Lay Spokesman for the Social Gospel," <i>Journal of American History,</i> vol. 53, no. 1 (June 1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1893930">in JSTOR</a></li> <li>Theron F. Schlabach, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/wmh&CISOPTR=45217&CISOSHOW=45164&REC=3">"An Aristocrat on Trial: The Case of Richard T. Ely"</a>, <i>Wisconsin Magazine of History</i>, vol. 47, no. 2 (Winter 1963–64), pp. 140–159.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/941103Elyssocialcreed">"Richard T. Ely's Social Creed,"</a> <i>Literary Digest,</i> vol. 10, no. 1, whole no. 237 (Nov. 3, 1894), pp. 5–6.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_T._Ely&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Richard_Theodore_Ely" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Richard Theodore Ely">Richard T. 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Bain">Joe S. Bain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimshon_Bichler" title="Shimshon Bichler">Shimshon Bichler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Brady" title="Robert A. Brady">Robert A. Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bromley" title="Daniel Bromley">Daniel Bromley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha-Joon_Chang" title="Ha-Joon Chang">Ha-Joon Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maurice_Clark" title="John Maurice Clark">John Maurice Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Commons" title="John R. Commons">John R. Commons</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Richard T. Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Frank" title="Robert H. Frank">Robert H. Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith" title="John Kenneth Galbraith">John Kenneth Galbraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walton_Hale_Hamilton" title="Walton Hale Hamilton">Walton Hale Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orris_C._Herfindahl" title="Orris C. Herfindahl">Orris C. Herfindahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_O._Hirschman" title="Albert O. Hirschman">Albert O. Hirschman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hodgson" title="Geoffrey Hodgson">Geoffrey Hodgson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_Kornai" title="János Kornai">János Kornai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Kuznets" title="Simon Kuznets">Simon Kuznets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Lewis" title="Hunter Lewis">Hunter Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_W._Markham" title="Jesse W. Markham">Jesse W. Markham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clair_Mitchell" title="Wesley Clair Mitchell">Wesley Clair Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Gunnar Myrdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Nitzan" title="Jonathan Nitzan">Jonathan Nitzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Samuels" title="Warren Samuels">Warren Samuels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Simiand" title="François Simiand">François Simiand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Stilwell_(economist)" title="Frank Stilwell (economist)">Frank Stilwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Stocking_Sr." title="George W. Stocking Sr.">George W. Stocking Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_P%C3%A5lsson_Syll" title="Lars Pålsson Syll">Lars Pålsson Syll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorstein_Veblen" title="Thorstein Veblen">Thorstein Veblen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lawrence_Wheelwright" title="Edward Lawrence Wheelwright">Edward Lawrence Wheelwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Zimmermann" title="Erich Zimmermann">Erich Zimmermann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_institutional_economics" title="New institutional economics">New institutional economists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daron_Acemoglu" title="Daron Acemoglu">Daron Acemoglu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armen_Alchian" title="Armen Alchian">Armen Alchian </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masahiko_Aoki" title="Masahiko Aoki">Masahiko Aoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_N._S._Cheung" title="Steven N. S. Cheung">Steven N. S. Cheung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Coase" title="Ronald Coase">Ronald Coase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Demsetz" title="Harold Demsetz">Harold Demsetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avner_Greif" title="Avner Greif">Avner Greif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_M%C3%A9nard_(economist)" title="Claude Ménard (economist)">Claude Ménard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglass_North" title="Douglass North">Douglass North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mancur_Olson" title="Mancur Olson">Mancur Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom" title="Elinor Ostrom">Elinor Ostrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_E._Williamson" title="Oliver E. Williamson">Oliver E. Williamson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_economics" title="Behavioral economics">Behavioral economists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Ainslie_(psychologist)" title="George Ainslie (psychologist)">George Ainslie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Ariely" title="Dan Ariely">Dan Ariely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nava_Ashraf" title="Nava Ashraf">Nava Ashraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofer_Azar" title="Ofer Azar">Ofer Azar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Bernheim" title="Douglas Bernheim">Douglas Bernheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bowles_(economist)" title="Samuel Bowles (economist)">Samuel Bowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Brosnan" title="Sarah Brosnan">Sarah Brosnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Camerer" title="Colin Camerer">Colin Camerer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cesarini" title="David Cesarini">David Cesarini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay-Yut_Chen" title="Kay-Yut Chen">Kay-Yut Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Croson" title="Rachel Croson">Rachel Croson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_De_Bondt" title="Werner De Bondt">Werner De Bondt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dolan_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Dolan (academic)">Paul Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Duneier" title="Stephen Duneier">Stephen Duneier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_C._Eckel" title="Catherine C. Eckel">Catherine C. Eckel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Falk" title="Armin Falk">Armin Falk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urs_Fischbacher" title="Urs Fischbacher">Urs Fischbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gintis" title="Herbert Gintis">Herbert Gintis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uri_Gneezy" title="Uri Gneezy">Uri Gneezy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Halpern_(psychologist)" title="David Halpern (psychologist)">David Halpern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Holt" title="Charles A. Holt">Charles A. Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ryan_Just" title="David Ryan Just">David Ryan Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Kalil" title="Ariel Kalil">Ariel Kalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Katona" title="George Katona">George Katona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_R._Kling" title="Jeffrey R. Kling">Jeffrey R. Kling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Loewenstein" title="George Loewenstein">George Loewenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Loomes" title="Graham Loomes">Graham Loomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_C._Madrian" title="Brigitte C. Madrian">Brigitte C. Madrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_McClelland" title="Gary McClelland">Gary McClelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matteo_Motterlini" title="Matteo Motterlini">Matteo Motterlini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendhil_Mullainathan" title="Sendhil Mullainathan">Sendhil Mullainathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Norton_(professor)" title="Michael Norton (professor)">Michael Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Rabin" title="Matthew Rabin">Matthew Rabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Rachlin" title="Howard Rachlin">Howard Rachlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_M._Schmidt" title="Klaus M. Schmidt">Klaus M. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldar_Shafir" title="Eldar Shafir">Eldar Shafir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hersh_Shefrin" title="Hersh Shefrin">Hersh Shefrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Shiller" title="Robert J. Shiller">Robert J. Shiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Sunde" title="Uwe Sunde">Uwe Sunde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Thaler" title="Richard Thaler">Richard Thaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Tversky" title="Amos Tversky">Amos Tversky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Vishny" title="Robert W. Vishny">Robert W. Vishny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Georg Weizsäcker">Georg Weizsäcker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic_sociology" title="Economic sociology">Economic sociologists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Beckert" title="Jens Beckert">Jens Beckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_L._Block" title="Fred L. Block">Fred L. Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Smoot_Coleman" title="James Smoot Coleman">James S. Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_DiMaggio" title="Paul DiMaggio">Paul DiMaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_England" title="Paula England">Paula England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Granovetter" title="Mark Granovetter">Mark Granovetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Angus_MacKenzie" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Angus MacKenzie">Donald Angus MacKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_M._Podolny" title="Joel M. Podolny">Joel M. Podolny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynette_Spillman" title="Lynette Spillman">Lynette Spillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Swedberg" title="Richard Swedberg">Richard Swedberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_Th%C3%A9venot" title="Laurent Thévenot">Laurent Thévenot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Trigilia" title="Carlo Trigilia">Carlo Trigilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_White" title="Harrison White">Harrison White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viviana_Zelizer" title="Viviana Zelizer">Viviana Zelizer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key concepts and ideas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accelerator_effect" title="Accelerator effect">Accelerator effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administered_prices" title="Administered prices">Administered prices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barriers_to_entry" title="Barriers to entry">Barriers to entry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bounded_rationality" title="Bounded rationality">Bounded rationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspicuous_consumption" title="Conspicuous consumption">Conspicuous consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspicuous_leisure" title="Conspicuous leisure">Conspicuous leisure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_wisdom" title="Conventional wisdom">Conventional wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countervailing_power" title="Countervailing power">Countervailing power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effective_competition" title="Effective competition">Effective competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herfindahl_index" class="mw-redirect" title="Herfindahl index">Herfindahl index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiding_hand_principle" title="Hiding hand principle">Hiding hand principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirschman_cycle" title="Hirschman cycle">Hirschman cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instrumentalism" title="Instrumentalism">Instrumentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuznets_swing" title="Kuznets swing">Kuznets cycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_concentration" title="Market concentration">Market concentration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_power" title="Market power">Market power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_structure" title="Market structure">Market structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backwardness" title="Backwardness">Penalty of taking the lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satisficing" title="Satisficing">Satisficing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortage_economy" title="Shortage economy">Shortage economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structure%E2%80%93conduct%E2%80%93performance_paradigm" title="Structure–conduct–performance paradigm">Structure–conduct–performance paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technostructure" title="Technostructure">Technostructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_two-level_planning" title="Theory of two-level planning">Theory of two-level planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veblen_good" title="Veblen good">Veblen goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veblenian_dichotomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Veblenian dichotomy">Veblenian dichotomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_economics" title="Cultural economics">Cultural economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_economics" title="Development economics">Development economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_historical_school_of_economics" title="English historical school of economics">English historical school of economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_economics" title="Evolutionary economics">Evolutionary economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology" title="Evolutionary psychology">Evolutionary psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schools_of_economic_thought#French_historical_school" title="Schools of economic thought">French historical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_school_of_economics" title="Historical school of economics">Historical school of economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_realism" title="Legal realism">Legal realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microeconomics" title="Microeconomics">Microeconomics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Keynesian_economics" title="Post-Keynesian economics">Post-Keynesian economics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_American_Economic_Association" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_American_Economic_Association" title="Template:Presidents of the American Economic Association"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_American_Economic_Association" title="Template talk:Presidents of the American Economic Association"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_American_Economic_Association" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the American Economic Association"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_American_Economic_Association" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_Economic_Association" title="American Economic Association">Presidents of the American Economic Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1886–1900</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Amasa_Walker" title="Francis Amasa Walker">Francis A. Walker</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Franklin_Dunbar" title="Charles Franklin Dunbar">Charles F. Dunbar</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bates_Clark" title="John Bates Clark">John B. Clark</a> (1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Carter_Adams" title="Henry Carter Adams">Henry C. Adams</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Twining_Hadley" title="Arthur Twining Hadley">Arthur T. Hadley</a> (1898)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Richard T. Ely</a> (1900)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_R._A._Seligman" title="Edwin R. A. Seligman">Edwin R. A. Seligman</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._W._Taussig" title="F. W. Taussig">F. W. Taussig</a> (1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Jenks" title="Jeremiah Jenks">Jeremiah W. Jenks</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Patten" title="Simon Patten">Simon N. Patten</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Rich_Dewey" title="Davis Rich Dewey">Davis R. Dewey</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_J._James" title="Edmund J. James">Edmund J. James</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Walcott_Farnam" title="Henry Walcott Farnam">Henry W. Farnam</a> (1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Fetter" title="Frank Fetter">Frank A. Fetter</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Kinley" title="David Kinley">David Kinley</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gray_(economist)" title="John H. Gray (economist)">John H. Gray</a> (1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Francis_Willcox" title="Walter Francis Willcox">Walter F. Willcox</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nixon_Carver" title="Thomas Nixon Carver">Thomas N. Carver</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Commons" title="John R. Commons">John R. Commons</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Fisher" title="Irving Fisher">Irving Fisher</a> (1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Gardner" title="Henry B. Gardner">Henry B. Gardner</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_J._Davenport" title="Herbert J. Davenport">Herbert J. Davenport</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Hollander" title="Jacob Hollander">Jacob H. Hollander</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Rogers_Seager" title="Henry Rogers Seager">Henry R. Seager</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_C._Plehn" title="Carl C. Plehn">Carl C. Plehn</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clair_Mitchell" title="Wesley Clair Mitchell">Wesley C. Mitchell</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allyn_Abbott_Young" title="Allyn Abbott Young">Allyn A. Young</a> (1925)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_W._Kemmerer" title="Edwin W. Kemmerer">Edwin W. Kemmerer</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sewall_Adams" title="Thomas Sewall Adams">Thomas S. Adams</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Taylor" title="Fred M. Taylor">Fred M. Taylor</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Francis_Gay" title="Edwin Francis Gay">Edwin F. Gay</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_B._Hammond" title="Matthew B. Hammond">Matthew B. Hammond</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_L._Bogart" title="Ernest L. Bogart">Ernest L. Bogart</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_E._Barnett" title="George E. Barnett">George E. Barnett</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Z._Ripley" title="William Z. Ripley">William Z. Ripley</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_A._Millis" title="Harry A. Millis">Harry A. Millis</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maurice_Clark" title="John Maurice Clark">John M. Clark</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Saunders_Johnson" title="Alvin Saunders Johnson">Alvin S. Johnson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_M._W._Sprague" title="Oliver M. W. Sprague">Oliver M. W. Sprague</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Hansen" title="Alvin Hansen">Alvin Hansen</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Viner" title="Jacob Viner">Jacob Viner</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_C._Mills" title="Frederick C. Mills">Frederick C. Mills</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumner_Slichter" title="Sumner Slichter">Sumner Slichter</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Griswold_Nourse" title="Edwin Griswold Nourse">Edwin G. Nourse</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Wolfe" title="Albert B. Wolfe">Albert B. Wolfe</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_S._Davis" title="Joseph S. Davis">Joseph S. Davis</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Leo_Sharfman" title="Isaiah Leo Sharfman">I. Leo Sharfman</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Goldenweiser" title="Emanuel Goldenweiser">Emanuel A. Goldenweiser</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Douglas_(Illinois_politician)" title="Paul Douglas (Illinois politician)">Paul Douglas</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schumpeter" title="Joseph Schumpeter">Joseph Schumpeter</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_S._Ellis" title="Howard S. Ellis">Howard S. Ellis</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Knight" title="Frank Knight">Frank Knight</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Williams_(economist)" title="John Henry Williams (economist)">John H. Williams</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Innis" title="Harold Innis">Harold A. Innis</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_B._Hoover" title="Calvin B. Hoover">Calvin B. Hoover</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Kuznets" title="Simon Kuznets">Simon Kuznets</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Black" title="John D. Black">John D. Black</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_E._Witte" title="Edwin E. Witte">Edwin E. Witte</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_A._Copeland" class="mw-redirect" title="Morris A. Copeland">Morris A. Copeland</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Stocking_Sr." title="George W. Stocking Sr.">George W. Stocking</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_F._Burns" title="Arthur F. Burns">Arthur F. Burns</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Schultz" title="Theodore Schultz">Theodore W. Schultz</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Samuelson" title="Paul Samuelson">Paul A. Samuelson</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Sagendorph_Mason" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Sagendorph Mason">Edward S. Mason</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Haberler" title="Gottfried Haberler">Gottfried Haberler</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stigler" title="George Stigler">George J. Stigler</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Spengler" title="Joseph J. Spengler">Joseph J. Spengler</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Machlup" title="Fritz Machlup">Fritz Machlup</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._Boulding" title="Kenneth E. Boulding">Kenneth E. Boulding</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fellner" title="William Fellner">William J. Fellner</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassily_Leontief" title="Wassily Leontief">Wassily Leontief</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Tobin" title="James Tobin">James Tobin</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith" title="John Kenneth Galbraith">John Kenneth Galbraith</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth J. Arrow</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Heller" title="Walter Heller">Walter W. Heller</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aaron_Gordon" title="Robert Aaron Gordon">R. Aaron Gordon</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Modigliani" title="Franco Modigliani">Franco Modigliani</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Klein" title="Lawrence Klein">Lawrence R. Klein</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Marschak" title="Jacob Marschak">Jacob Marschak</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjalling_Koopmans" title="Tjalling Koopmans">Tjalling C. Koopmans</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Solow" title="Robert Solow">Robert M. Solow</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Abramovitz" title="Moses Abramovitz">Moses Abramovitz</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baumol" title="William Baumol">William J. Baumol</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner_Ackley" title="Gardner Ackley">Gardner Ackley</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Arthur_Lewis" title="W. Arthur Lewis">W. Arthur Lewis</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Schultze" title="Charles Schultze">Charles L. Schultze</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Kindleberger" title="Charles P. Kindleberger">Charles P. Kindleberger</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Rivlin" title="Alice Rivlin">Alice M. Rivlin</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Becker" title="Gary Becker">Gary S. Becker</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Eisner" title="Robert Eisner">Robert Eisner</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Pechman" title="Joseph A. Pechman">Joseph A. Pechman</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Debreu" title="Gérard Debreu">Gérard Debreu</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas C. Schelling</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vickrey" title="William Vickrey">William Vickrey</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Griliches" title="Zvi Griliches">Zvi Griliches</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Fuchs" title="Victor Fuchs">Victor R. Fuchs</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Osborn_Krueger" title="Anne Osborn Krueger">Anne O. Krueger</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Harberger" title="Arnold Harberger">Arnold C. Harberger</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fogel" title="Robert Fogel">Robert W. Fogel</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Gale_Johnson" title="D. Gale Johnson">D. Gale Johnson</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_W._Jorgenson" title="Dale W. Jorgenson">Dale W. Jorgenson</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sherwin_Rosen" title="Sherwin Rosen">Sherwin Rosen</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lucas_Jr." title="Robert Lucas Jr.">Robert Lucas Jr.</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Diamond" title="Peter Diamond">Peter Diamond</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Feldstein" title="Martin Feldstein">Martin Feldstein</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_McFadden" title="Daniel McFadden">Daniel McFadden</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Akerlof" title="George Akerlof">George Akerlof</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Sargent" title="Thomas J. Sargent">Thomas J. Sargent</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avinash_Dixit" title="Avinash Dixit">Avinash Dixit</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_Deaton" title="Angus Deaton">Angus Deaton</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hall_(economist)" title="Robert Hall (economist)">Robert Hall</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orley_Ashenfelter" title="Orley Ashenfelter">Orley Ashenfelter</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_A._Sims" title="Christopher A. Sims">Christopher A. Sims</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Goldin" title="Claudia Goldin">Claudia Goldin</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Nordhaus" title="William Nordhaus">William Nordhaus</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Thaler" title="Richard Thaler">Richard Thaler</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Shiller" title="Robert J. Shiller">Robert J. Shiller</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_E._Roth" title="Alvin E. Roth">Alvin E. Roth</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Blanchard" title="Olivier Blanchard">Olivier Blanchard</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Yellen" title="Janet Yellen">Janet Yellen</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Card" title="David Card">David Card</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Romer" title="Christina Romer">Christina Romer</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Athey" title="Susan Athey">Susan Athey</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Currie" title="Janet Currie">Janet Currie</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01159207?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=207733">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1263959">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/117500100">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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