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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigazione </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pagina_principale" title="Visita la pagina principale [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Pagina principale</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:UltimeModifiche" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche del sito [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ultime modifiche</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PaginaCasuale" title="Mostra una pagina a caso [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una voce a caso</span></a></li><li id="n-nearby-pages-title" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:NelleVicinanze"><span>Nelle vicinanze</span></a></li><li id="n-vetrina" class="mw-list-item"><a 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value="Speciale:Ricerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ricerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Strumenti personali"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifica la dimensione, la larghezza e il colore del testo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspetto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Valve+Corporation" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Valve+Corporation" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Storia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Storia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inizi_(1996-2003)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inizi_(1996-2003)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Inizi (1996-2003)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inizi_(1996-2003)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Orange_Box_e_altri_videogiochi_(2004-2013)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Orange_Box_e_altri_videogiochi_(2004-2013)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>The Orange Box e altri videogiochi (2004-2013)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Orange_Box_e_altri_videogiochi_(2004-2013)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Espansione_oltre_il_software_(2014-presente)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Espansione_oltre_il_software_(2014-presente)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Espansione oltre il software (2014-presente)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Espansione_oltre_il_software_(2014-presente)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Videogiochi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Videogiochi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Videogiochi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Videogiochi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Controversie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Valve Corporation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 70 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81" title="فالف - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فالف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%87_%DA%A4%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A4" title="شركه ڤالڤ - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شركه ڤالڤ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="شیرکت ولو - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیرکت ولو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%88%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Валв Корпорейшън - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Валв Корпорейшън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="شرکت ولو - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شرکت ولو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B8%EB%B8%8C_%EC%BD%94%ED%8D%BC%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98" title="밸브 코퍼레이션 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="밸브 코퍼레이션" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ولو کومپانی - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ولو کومپانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="والو کارپوریشن - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="والو کارپوریشن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korporata_Valve" title="Korporata Valve - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Korporata Valve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="วาล์วคอร์ปอเรชัน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วาล์วคอร์ปอเรชัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="والو کارپوریشن - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="والو کارپوریشن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E4%B9%8C" title="威尔乌 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="威尔乌" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve" title="Valve - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Valve" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_Corporation" title="Valve Corporation - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Valve Corporation" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_%E8%A3%BD%E4%BD%9C%E7%B5%84" title="Valve 製作組 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Valve 製作組" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193559#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="color: black;background:#FCE3C6">Valve Corporation</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Valve_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Logo"><img alt="Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Valve_logo.svg/200px-Valve_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Valve_logo.svg/300px-Valve_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Valve_logo.svg/400px-Valve_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="279" /></a><figcaption>Logo</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg/260px-Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg/390px-Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg/520px-Valve_Lobby_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Uffici di Valve a Bellevue, Washington </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato" title="Stato">Stato</a></th><td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stati Uniti (bandiera)"><img alt="Stati Uniti (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_(diritto)" title="Società (diritto)">Forma societaria</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Azienda_privata" title="Azienda privata">Azienda privata</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Fondazione</th><td>24 agosto 1996 a <a href="/wiki/Kirkland_(Washington)" title="Kirkland (Washington)">Kirkland (Washington)</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Fondata da</th><td>Gabe Newell e Mike Harrington </td></tr><tr><th>Sede principale</th><td>Bellevue, Washington </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_controllata" title="Società controllata">Controllate</a></th><td><div> <ul><li>Valve S.a.r.l.</li> <li>Valve GmbH</li> <li>Campo Santo</li></ul> </div> </td></tr><tr><th>Persone chiave</th><td><div> <ul><li>Gabe Newell (Presidente)</li> <li>Scott Lynch (COO)</li></ul> </div> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Settore_economico" title="Settore economico">Settore</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Prodotti</th><td><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_(serie)" title="Half-Life (serie)">Half-Life (serie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_Engine" title="Source Engine">Source Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_(informatica)" title="Steam (informatica)">Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike" title="Counter-Strike">Counter-Strike</a> (serie)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Fortress_2" title="Team Fortress 2">Team Fortress 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal_(videogioco_2007)" title="Portal (videogioco 2007)">Portal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portal_2" title="Portal 2">Portal 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_4_Dead" title="Left 4 Dead">Left 4 Dead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Left_4_Dead_2" title="Left 4 Dead 2">Left 4 Dead 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dota_2" title="Dota 2">Dota 2</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Fatturato" title="Fatturato">Fatturato</a></th><td>$ 9,52 miliardi (2019<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </td></tr><tr><th>Dipendenti</th><td>circa 360 (2016) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sito_web" title="Sito web">Sito web</a></th><td><span style="word-break: break-all;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.valvesoftware.com/">www.valvesoftware.com/</a></span> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559" class="extiw" title="d:Q193559"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce Valve Corporation su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Azienda/man" title="Template:Azienda/man"><span title="Manuale del template Azienda">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Valve Corporation</b>, precedentemente <b>Valve Software,</b> è un'<a href="/wiki/Azienda" title="Azienda">azienda</a> <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">statunitense</a> che si occupa di sviluppo e distribuzione di <a href="/wiki/Videogioco" title="Videogioco">videogiochi</a>. Fondata nel <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> da <a href="/wiki/Gabe_Newell" title="Gabe Newell">Gabe Newell</a> e <a href="/wiki/Mike_Harrington" title="Mike Harrington">Mike Harrington</a> con sede a <a href="/wiki/Bellevue_(Washington)" title="Bellevue (Washington)">Bellevue</a>, l'azienda è nota per videogiochi come <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_(serie)" title="Half-Life (serie)">Half-Life</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Team_Fortress_2" title="Team Fortress 2">Team Fortress 2</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike" title="Counter-Strike">Counter-Strike</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Portal_2" title="Portal 2">Portal 2</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/Dota_2" title="Dota 2">Dota 2</a></i> e per essere l'azienda sviluppatrice di <a href="/wiki/Steam_(informatica)" title="Steam (informatica)">Steam</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inizi_(1996-2003)"><span id="Inizi_.281996-2003.29"></span>Inizi (1996-2003)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Inizi (1996-2003)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Inizi (1996-2003)"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valve_old_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Valve_old_logo.svg/220px-Valve_old_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Valve_old_logo.svg/330px-Valve_old_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Valve_old_logo.svg/440px-Valve_old_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="283" /></a><figcaption>Il logo usato da Valve Corporation dal 1996 al 2018.</figcaption></figure> <p>Valve Corporation, inizialmente Valve L.L.C., fu fondata da <a href="/wiki/Gabe_Newell" title="Gabe Newell">Gabe Newell</a> e <a href="/wiki/Mike_Harrington" title="Mike Harrington">Mike Harrington</a>, due ex-dipendenti di <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, nel 1996 con base a <a href="/wiki/Kirkland_(Washington)" title="Kirkland (Washington)">Kirkland, Washington</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Il primo titolo realizzato da Valve, pubblicato nel novembre 1998, fu <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life" title="Half-Life">Half-Life</a></i>. Tale videogioco fu accolto dalla critica con recensioni molto positive, ricevendo elogi in numerose recensioni<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e venendo anche classificato come il miglior sparatutto di sempre da <a href="/wiki/IGN_(sito_web)" class="mw-redirect" title="IGN (sito web)">IGN</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nello stesso anno, Valve Corporation acquisì TF Software PTY Ltd, i creatori del <a href="/wiki/Mod_(videogiochi)" title="Mod (videogiochi)">mod</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Team_Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Team Fortress">Team Fortress</a></i> per <i><a href="/wiki/Quake" title="Quake">Quake</a></i>, distribuendo gratuitamente nel 1999 <i><a href="/wiki/Team_Fortress_Classic" title="Team Fortress Classic">Team Fortress Classic</a></i> in un aggiornamento di Half-Life<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Harrington lasciò l'azienda nel 2000<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Negli anni successivi, Valve continuò a interessarsi direttamente dei mod più popolari come <i><a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike" title="Counter-Strike">Counter-Strike</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Defeat" title="Day of Defeat">Day of Defeat</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sviluppando contemporaneamente la piattaforma di digital delivering <a href="/wiki/Steam_(informatica)" title="Steam (informatica)">Steam</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, la cui prima versione ufficiale fu distribuita nel 2003. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Orange_Box_e_altri_videogiochi_(2004-2013)"><span id="The_Orange_Box_e_altri_videogiochi_.282004-2013.29"></span>The Orange Box e altri videogiochi (2004-2013)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione The Orange Box e altri videogiochi (2004-2013)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: The Orange Box e altri videogiochi (2004-2013)"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 2004, Valve commercializzò <a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike:_Source" title="Counter-Strike: Source"><i>Counter Strike: Source</i></a>, che fu il primo gioco dell'azienda ad utilizzare l'engine di gioco <a href="/wiki/Source_Engine" title="Source Engine">Source</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nel novembre dello stesso anno, Valve pubblicò <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_2" title="Half-Life 2">Half-Life 2</a></i>, che fu seguito da due espansioni episodiche, <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_2:_Episode_One" title="Half-Life 2: Episode One">Half-Life 2: Episode One</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_2:_Episode_Two" title="Half-Life 2: Episode Two">Half-Life 2: Episode Two</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, le quali costituiscono i primi due tasselli di una trilogia che vede ancora il terzo episodio, <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_2:_Episode_Three" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-Life 2: Episode Three">Half-Life 2: Episode Three</a></i>, inedito. </p><p>Insieme alla seconda espansione di Half-Life, nel 2007 Valve pubblicò anche <i><a href="/wiki/Portal_(videogioco_2007)" title="Portal (videogioco 2007)">Portal</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/Team_Fortress_2" title="Team Fortress 2">Team Fortress 2</a></i> nella raccolta <i><a href="/wiki/The_Orange_Box" title="The Orange Box">The Orange Box</a></i>, i cui contenuti furono molto apprezzati dalla critica<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Nel 2008, Valve Corporation annunciò l'acquisizione di Turtle Rock Studios<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, rinominandola Valve South, per lo sviluppo di uno sparatutto cooperativo di nome <i><a href="/wiki/Left_4_Dead" title="Left 4 Dead">Left 4 Dead</a></i> e del suo sequel <a href="/wiki/Left_4_Dead" title="Left 4 Dead"><i>Left 4 Dead 2</i></a> l'anno successivo<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Turtle Rock Studios tornò ad essere uno studio indipendente nel 2010<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Negli anni seguenti Valve pubblicò altri videogiochi, come <i><a href="/wiki/Portal_2" title="Portal 2">Portal 2</a></i> nel 2011<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike:_Global_Offensive" title="Counter-Strike: Global Offensive"><i>Counter Strike: Global Offensive</i></a> nel 2012<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e <i><a href="/wiki/Dota_2" title="Dota 2">Dota 2</a></i> nel 2013. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Espansione_oltre_il_software_(2014-presente)"><span id="Espansione_oltre_il_software_.282014-presente.29"></span>Espansione oltre il software (2014-presente)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Espansione oltre il software (2014-presente)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Espansione oltre il software (2014-presente)"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg/220px-Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg/330px-Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg/440px-Steam_Machine_from_Gigabyte_and_Steam_Controller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4363" data-file-height="2444" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Steam_Machine" title="Steam Machine">Steam Machine</a> fu il primo prodotto ad essere distribuito da Valve Corporation al di fuori del mercato software.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dopo la pubblicazione di <i>Dota 2</i>, Valve Corporation iniziò a spostare i suoi sforzi dallo sviluppo di videogiochi allo sviluppo della piattaforma <a href="/wiki/Steam_(informatica)" title="Steam (informatica)">Steam</a> e di altri prodotti non legati al software. Nel 2015 l'azienda entrò nel mercato hardware distribuendo la <a href="/wiki/Steam_Machine" title="Steam Machine">Steam Machine</a> con scarso successo<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Secondo una stima del 2017, i guadagni di Valve Corporation legati alla piattaforma di digital delivering sarebbero di circa quattro miliardi<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, in contrasto con l'informazione ufficiale degli anni 2010-2011 che riportava alcune centinaia di milioni<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. L'unico videogioco per PC dopo <i>Dota 2</i> pubblicato da Valve Corporation, di nome <a href="/wiki/Artifact_(videogioco)" title="Artifact (videogioco)"><i>Artifact</i></a>, fu distribuito nel 2018 e perse il 95% dei giocatori in due mesi<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Il 28 giugno 2019 l'azienda distribuì il <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Index&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valve Index (la pagina non esiste)">Valve Index</a>, un visore per la <a href="/wiki/Realt%C3%A0_virtuale" title="Realtà virtuale">realtà virtuale</a> disponibile per <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> e <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Il prodotto fu accolto con un successo commerciale e con recensioni positive da parte della critica specializzata<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lo stesso anno Valve annuncia il videogioco <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life:_Alyx" title="Half-Life: Alyx">Half Life: Alyx</a></i>, esclusivamente in realtà virtuale, tornando al franchise <a href="/wiki/Half-Life_(serie)" title="Half-Life (serie)"><i>Half-Life</i></a> dopo circa tredici anni dall'ultimo capitolo<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Videogiochi">Videogiochi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Videogiochi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Videogiochi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Arrows-folder-categorize.svg/18px-Arrows-folder-categorize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Arrows-folder-categorize.svg/27px-Arrows-folder-categorize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Arrows-folder-categorize.svg/36px-Arrows-folder-categorize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Le singole voci sono elencate nella <b><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Videogiochi_Valve_Corporation" title="Categoria:Videogiochi Valve Corporation">Categoria:Videogiochi Valve Corporation</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversie">Controversie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Controversie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Controversie"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel luglio 2016 l'azienda fu accusata, sia da enti pubblici sia da privati, di favoreggiare il <a href="/wiki/Gioco_d%27azzardo" title="Gioco d'azzardo">gioco d'azzardo</a> minorile a causa di numerosi siti di terze parti che permettevano di scommettere oggetti legati a videogiochi, in particolare <a href="/wiki/Counter-Strike:_Global_Offensive" title="Counter-Strike: Global Offensive"><i>Counter Strike: Global Offensive</i></a>, utilizzando l'<a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" title="Application programming interface">API</a> di Steam. Il dipendente di Valve Erik Johnson dichiarò che l'azienda non aveva alcun rapporto commerciale con tali siti e che stava lavorando per farli chiudere<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nelle settimane seguenti più di 40 siti legati alle scommesse di oggetti dei videogiochi furono intimati dall'azienda a cessare le attività<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dopo circa un anno dall'annuncio di Valve Corporation, solamente la metà dei siti contattati dall'azienda avevano cessato le attività. Inoltre, numerosi nuovi siti erano emersi mantenendo però profili più bassi, in modo simile al <a href="/wiki/Mercato_nero" title="Mercato nero">mercato nero</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nello stesso periodo, l'azienda annunciò simili provvedimenti per i siti di scommesse legati a <i><a href="/wiki/Team_Fortress_2" title="Team Fortress 2">Team Fortress 2</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Nel marzo 2018 Valve modificò il sistema degli scambi su Steam riguardanti <i>Global Offensive</i>, con l'obiettivo di intralciare i siti di scommesse. L'azienda aggiunse un periodo di sette giorni successivo ad ogni scambio durante i quali gli oggetti barattati sono bloccati, ovvero non possono essere scambiati<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222184328/https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/gabe-newell/"><span style="font-style:italic;"># 241 Gabe Newell</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">bloomberg.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 27 dicembre 2023</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/gabe-newell/">url originale</abbr> il 22 dicembre 2023)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF''Play_Generation''_64" class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Valve sa come si fa</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Play_Generation" title="Play Generation">Play Generation</a></span>, n. 64, Edizioni Master, marzo 2011, p. 5, <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> 1827-6105<span class="noprint plainlinks"> (<span title="Ricerca su WorldCat"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1827-6105&lang=it">WC</a></span> · <span title="Ricerca sul Catalogo Italiano dei Periodici"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acnpsearch.unibo.it/search?issn=1827-6105">ACNP</a></span>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Jeff Dunn 2013-10-04T19:00:00 276Z Feature, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamesradar.com/history-of-valve/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Full Steam ahead: The History of Valve</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GamesRadar%2B" title="GamesRadar+">GamesRadar+</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020209221334/http://www.gamespot.com/action/halflif/review_cgw.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">GameSpot presents CGW's Half-Life review</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>, 9 febbraio 2002. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.gamespot.com/action/halflif/review_cgw.html">url originale</abbr> il 9 febbraio 2002)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Ron Dulin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/reviews/half-life-review/1900-2537398/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Half-Life Review</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">GameSpot</span>, 20 novembre 1998. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/greatest-games-of-all-time-half-life/1100-6171044/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Greatest Games of All Time: Half-Life</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161212110825/http://www.ign.com/top/shooters/1"><span style="font-style:italic;">Half-Life - #1 Top Shooters</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.ign.com/top/shooters/1">url originale</abbr> il 12 dicembre 2016)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Alan Dunkin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/team-fortress-full-speed-ahead/1100-2463316/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Team Fortress Full Speed Ahead</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>, 24 febbraio 2005. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) John McLean-Foreman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190423220435/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/131481/interview_with_minh_le.php"><span style="font-style:italic;">Interview with Minh Le</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Game_Developer" title="Game Developer">Gamasutra</a></span>, 30 maggio 2001. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2021</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/131481/interview_with_minh_le.php">url originale</abbr> il 23 aprile 2019)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Gamespot Staff, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-signs-with-activision-exclusive-day-of-defeat-screens/1100-6024608/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve signs with Activision, exclusive Day of Defeat screens</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>, 4 aprile 2003. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Trey Walker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/gdc-2002-valve-unveils-steam/1100-2857298/"><span style="font-style:italic;">GDC 2002: Valve unveils Steam</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>, 2 settembre 2003. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Tor Thorsen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-readying-half-life-2-bundles-counter-strike-source-available-next-week/1100-6109232/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve readying Half-Life 2 bundles; Counter-Strike: Source available next week</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>, 30 settembre 2004. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Tom Bramwell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/i_valve_060606"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opening the Valve</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></span>, 6 giugno 2006. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Kristan Reed, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/r_orangebox_pc360"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Orange Box</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></span>, 10 ottobre 2007. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20070528113350/http://www.gameinformer.com/NR/exeres/E7D23547-2154-494E-8F0E-CB166B0C3562.htm?CS_pid=646931"><span style="font-style:italic;">Game Informer Online</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Game_Informer" title="Game Informer">Game Informer</a></span>, 28 maggio 2007. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.gameinformer.com/NR/exeres/E7D23547-2154-494E-8F0E-CB166B0C3562.htm?CS_pid=646931">url originale</abbr> il 28 maggio 2007)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Dan Adams, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2007/10/09/the-orange-box-review-3"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Orange Box Review</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">IGN</span>, 9 ottobre 2007. <small>URL consultato il 19 maggio 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://store.steampowered.com/news/1401/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Notizie - Valve Acquires Turtle Rock Studios</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">store.steampowered.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.l4d.com/blog/post.php?id=10993"><span style="font-style:italic;">Left 4 Dead Blog</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">l4d.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Tom Bramwell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/turtle-rock-studios-reforms"><span style="font-style:italic;">Turtle Rock Studios reforms</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></span>, 18 marzo 2010. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vg247.com/2011/04/19/portal-2-available-now/"><span style="font-style:italic;">No more potatoes: Portal 2 available right now on Steam</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/VG247" title="VG247">VG247</a></span>, 19 aprile 2011. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Wesley Yin-Poole, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-06-04-counter-strike-global-offensive-release-date-announced"><span style="font-style:italic;">Counter-Strike: Global Offensive release date announced</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a></span>, 4 giugno 2012. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamespot.com/articles/first-three-steam-machines-released-prices-and-spe/1100-6432187/"><span style="font-style:italic;">First Three Steam Machines Released, Prices and Specs Detailed</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 26 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Kyle Orland, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2016/06/its-time-to-declare-valves-steam-machines-doa/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Seven months later, Valve’s Steam Machines look dead in the water</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></span>, 2 giugno 2016. <small>URL consultato il 26 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Tyler Wilde, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcgamer.com/what-happened-to-steam-machines/"><span style="font-style:italic;">What happened to Steam Machines?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a></span>, 2 aprile 2018. <small>URL consultato il 26 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theweek.com/articles/844962/how-capitalism-killed-best-video-game-studios"><span style="font-style:italic;">How capitalism killed one of the best video game studios</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/The_Week_(settimanale_britannico)" title="The Week (settimanale britannico)">The Week</a></span>, 4 giugno 2019. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Oliver Chiang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2011/0228/technology-gabe-newell-videogames-valve-online-mayhem.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Master of Online Mayhem</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Ben Gilbert, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/valve-artifact-dota-card-game-a-flop-2019-1"><span style="font-style:italic;">The latest game from one of the most respected developers in the business is showing early signs of being a flop</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 12 giugno 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Sam Machkovech, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/04/valve-index-reveal-the-best-of-vrs-first-generation-but-is-it-worth-999/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Index reveal: The best of VR’s first generation—but is it worth $999?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></span>, 30 aprile 2019. <small>URL consultato il 16 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tomshardware.com/news/valve-index-vr-headset-support-linux,39012.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve's Index VR Headset Will Support Linux</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Tom%27s_Hardware" title="Tom's Hardware">Tom's Hardware</a></span>, 7 aprile 2019. <small>URL consultato il 16 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Christopher Livingston, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcgamer.com/the-valve-index-vr-kit-sold-out-in-under-30-minutes-in-the-us/"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Valve Index VR kit sold out in under 30 minutes in the US</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a></span>, 2 maggio 2019. <small>URL consultato il 26 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Dan Stapleton, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2019/06/28/valve-index-review"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Index Review</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a></span>, 28 giugno 2019. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Bo Moore, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-index-review/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Index review</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a></span>, 28 giugno 2019. <small>URL consultato il 26 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation video" style="font-style:normal"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Filmato audio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/35mm_film_frames.svg/16px-35mm_film_frames.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/35mm_film_frames.svg/24px-35mm_film_frames.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/35mm_film_frames.svg/32px-35mm_film_frames.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="484" data-file-height="427" /></span></span> (<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Valve, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2W0N3uKXmo"><span style="font-style:italic;">Half-Life: Alyx Announcement Trailer</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></span>, 21 novembre 2019. <small>URL consultato l'8 marzo 2020</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Patrick Lum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/games/2019/nov/22/valve-reveals-vr-exclusive-game-half-life-alyx"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve reveals VR-exclusive game Half-Life: Alyx</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></span>, 22 novembre 2019. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Bryant Francis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/277025/Valve_says_it_will_start_cracking_down_on_thirdparty_gambling_sites.php"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve says it will start cracking down on third-party gambling sites</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gamasutra.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://store.steampowered.com/news/22883/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Notizie - In-Game Item Trading Update</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">store.steampowered.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techraptor.net/content/valve-respond-washington-gambling-commission-given-deadline"><span style="font-style:italic;">[Update] Valve to Respond to Washington Gambling Commission After Given Deadline</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">TechRaptor</span>, 17 ottobre 2016. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Alex Wawro, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/277506/Valve_calls_on_23_CounterStrike_gambling_hubs_to_cease_amp__desist.php"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve calls on 23 Counter-Strike gambling hubs to cease & desist</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gamasutra.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Owen S. Good, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polygon.com/2016/7/30/12332802/counter-strike-gambling-crackdown-valve-cease-and-desist-csgo-shuffle"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve widens Counter-Strike gambling crackdown, tells another 20 sites to close</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Polygon" title="Polygon">Polygon</a></span>, 30 luglio 2016. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espn.com/espn/feature/story/_/id/18510975/how-counter-strike-turned-teenager-compulsive-gambler"><span style="font-style:italic;">How Counter-Strike spawned a $5 billion gambling market you've never heard of</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ESPN.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Maddy Myers, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://compete.kotaku.com/inside-the-unregulated-and-scam-filled-world-of-video-g-1793306259"><span style="font-style:italic;">Inside The Unregulated And Scam-Filled World Of Video Game Betting</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Compete</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Joe Donnelly, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-to-crack-down-on-team-fortress-2-gambling-sites/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve to crack down on Team Fortress 2 gambling sites</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">PC Gamer</span>, 30 gennaio 2017. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vg247.com/2018/04/02/csgo-item-skin-trading-big-cooldown-change/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve made a big change to CS:GO item trading, and many players are not happy</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/VG247" title="VG247">VG247</a></span>, 2 aprile 2018. <small>URL consultato il 24 agosto 2019</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_(serie)" title="Half-Life (serie)">Half-Life (serie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_(informatica)" title="Steam (informatica)">Steam (informatica)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Valve Corporation"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Valve_Corporation?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Valve_Corporation?uselang=it">Valve Corporation</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.valvesoftware.com/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sito ufficiale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">valvesoftware.com</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P856" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCg0FSqPeiGD_lIiPaaAehQg"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve</span></a> (canale), su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P2397" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/ValveSoftware"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Corporation</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P2037" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMobyGames" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mobygames.com/company/valve-corporation"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Corporation</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/MobyGames" title="MobyGames">MobyGames</a></span>, Blue Flame Labs.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P4773" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vgmdb.net/org/412"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Corporation</span></a> (musica per videogiochi e anime), su <span style="font-style:italic;">VGMdb.net</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P3511" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/e6ad2f00-9ea0-4206-ba14-27cdaa2598a6"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Corporation</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a></span>, MetaBrainz Foundation.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P966" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genius.com/artists/Valve-corporation"><span style="font-style:italic;">Valve Corporation</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Genius_(sito_web)" title="Genius (sito web)">Genius.com</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193559#P2373" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147977846">147977846</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/000000040515253X">0000 0004 0515 253X</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr2004037172">nr2004037172</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1087505445">1087505445</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb140315406">cb140315406</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb140315406">(data)</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Factory.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aziende"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Factory.svg/25px-Factory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Factory.svg/38px-Factory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Factory.svg/50px-Factory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="502" data-file-height="438" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Aziende" title="Portale:Aziende">Portale Aziende</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamepad.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Videogiochi"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gamepad.svg/25px-Gamepad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gamepad.svg/38px-Gamepad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gamepad.svg/50px-Gamepad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Videogiochi" title="Portale:Videogiochi">Portale Videogiochi</a></b></div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&oldid=141268641">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Valve_Corporation&oldid=141268641</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Aziende_fondate_nel_1996" title="Categoria:Aziende fondate nel 1996">Aziende fondate nel 1996</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Valve_Corporation" title="Categoria:Valve Corporation">Valve Corporation</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P154_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P154 letta da Wikidata">P154 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P159_differente_su_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P159 differente su Wikidata">P159 differente su Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P856_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P856 letta da Wikidata">P856 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_template_Collegamenti_esterni_e_qualificatori_sconosciuti" title="Categoria:Voci con template Collegamenti esterni e qualificatori sconosciuti">Voci con template Collegamenti esterni e qualificatori sconosciuti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P2397_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P2397 letta da Wikidata">P2397 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P2037_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P2037 letta da Wikidata">P2037 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P4773_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P4773 letta da Wikidata">P4773 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P3511_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P3511 letta da Wikidata">P3511 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P966_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P966 letta da Wikidata">P966 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P2373_letta_da_Wikidata" title="Categoria:P2373 letta da Wikidata">P2373 letta da Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_VIAF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice VIAF">Voci con codice VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_ISNI" title="Categoria:Voci con codice ISNI">Voci con codice ISNI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_GND" title="Categoria:Voci con codice GND">Voci con codice GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_non_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 26 set 2024 alle 05:27.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; 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