CINXE.COM
The Religious History Nerd - The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history,
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" data-page-type="page" data-content-channel="history-and-religion" data-blog-name="thereligioushistorynerd" data-dormant-blog="" data-premium-blog="false" data-premium-post="false" data-faiths="" data-topics="history and religion" data-is-metered="false" data-info-blog-name="The Religious History Nerd" data-info-blog-nl-list-id="1136" data-info-blog-channel-nl-name="Best of Patheos" data-info-blog-channel-nl-list-id="57" > <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <script type="text/javascript"> // Check that service workers are supported if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) { // Use the window load event to keep the page load performant window.addEventListener('load', () => { navigator.serviceWorker.register('/pt-cache-sw.min.js'); }); } </script> <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries --> <!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// --> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.4/css/all.min.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.4/css/all.min.css"></noscript> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd" /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://wp-media.patheos.com" crossorigin /><link rel="preconnect" href="https://religious-history-nerd.disqus.com" crossorigin /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://wp-media.patheos.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://religious-history-nerd.disqus.com" /><link rel="preload" href="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/thereligioushistorynerd/thereligioushistorynerd-theme-logo.png" as="image" media="(min-width: 771px)" /><link rel="preload" href="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/thereligioushistorynerd/thereligioushistorynerd-theme-header-m.png" as="image" media="(max-width: 770px)" /><link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensanscondensed/v23/z7NFdQDnbTkabZAIOl9il_O6KJj73e7Ff0GmDuXMR7eS2Ao.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin /><link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Abril+Fatface|Montserrat:400,700|Open+Sans+Condensed:300,700|Vollkorn:400,400i,700,700i&display=optional" as="style" type="text/css" crossorigin /> <!-- Critical Styles --> <style type="text/css"> @font-face{font-family:'Open Sans Condensed';font-style:normal;font-weight:300;font-display:optional;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensanscondensed/v23/z7NFdQDnbTkabZAIOl9il_O6KJj73e7Ff1GhDuXMQg.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Open Sans Condensed';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:optional;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/opensanscondensed/v23/z7NFdQDnbTkabZAIOl9il_O6KJj73e7Ff0GmDuXMQg.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:'Glyphicons Halflings';font-display:swap;src:url("https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/fonts/bootstrap/glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot");src:url("https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/fonts/bootstrap/glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/fonts/bootstrap/glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff2") format("woff2"),url("https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/fonts/bootstrap/glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff") format("woff"),url("https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/fonts/bootstrap/glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf") format("truetype"),url("https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/fonts/bootstrap/glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg#glyphicons_halflingsregular") format("svg")}@-ms-viewport{width:device-width}#site-footer-2022 .footer-social-icons span{padding:13px}@media (max-width:999px) and (max-width:999px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .ad-free-container{text-align:center}}@media (max-width:999px){.breadcrumbs{flex-direction:column;gap:0}.trending-topics li{display:inline;line-height:30px;line-break:auto}.trending-topics{margin-top:0;max-height:30px;overflow:hidden}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block{display:none}}.col-lg-3,.col-lg-9,.col-md-4,.col-md-6,.col-md-8,.col-sm-12{position:relative;min-height:1px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}@media (max-width:770px){.davearmstrong{background-image:url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/davearmstrong/davearmstrong-theme-bg-m.jpg)}.davearmstrong .writer-theme-nav-block{height:70px}.davearmstrong .writer-theme-logo img{width:auto;height:auto;max-height:50px}}@media only screen and (min-width:0){nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:both}nav .navbar-nav>li .dropdown-menu{position:inherit}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:none}nav .navbar-nav>li .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}}@media (min-width:768px){.navbar{border-radius:5px}.navbar-collapse{width:auto;border-top:0;box-shadow:none}.navbar-collapse.collapse{display:block!important;height:auto!important;padding-bottom:0;overflow:visible!important}.container-fluid>.navbar-collapse{margin-right:0;margin-left:0}.navbar-nav{float:left;margin:0}.navbar-nav>li{float:left}.navbar-nav>li>a{padding-top:9px;padding-bottom:9px}}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo{font-family:"Open Sans Condensed",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;padding:20px 0;min-height:90px}@media (max-width:767px){.visible-xs-block{display:block!important}.hidden-xs{display:none!important}.btn-xs{letter-spacing:1px}body,html{overflow-x:hidden;max-width:100%}.remove-padding-mobile{padding:0!important}.decorated-divider.lg{width:20%}.row{margin:0}.writer-theme{padding:0;background-size:100%;background-repeat:repeat}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo{padding:0;min-height:50px}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo img{width:100%;height:auto;max-height:none}.writer-theme .navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a{color:#777;width:100%}.tagged-with-include-rss{padding:10px}.ad{margin:20px 0;padding:0}.ad-container{min-height:auto}.by-line .glyphicon{padding:0 6px 0 0}.by-line .divide-byline{content:"";display:block;clear:both}.simple-post-container .image-container{width:100%;height:auto;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:20px}.simple-post-container .image-container img{width:100%;min-width:100%;height:auto;position:relative;top:0;left:0}.simple-post-container{padding:0 10px}.overflow-text{overflow:visible}.writer-theme-nav-block{height:70px}}@media (max-width:1299px){h1{font-size:40px;line-height:42px}#site-footer-2022 .footer-social-icons span{display:none}}@media (max-width:999px){h1{font-size:34px;line-height:36px}.by-line{letter-spacing:normal}.navbar-collapse{border-top:1px solid transparent;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.navbar-collapse.collapse{display:none!important}.navbar-nav{float:none!important;margin-top:7.5px}.navbar-nav>li{float:none}.navbar-nav>li>a{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px}nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:both}#patheos-nav{height:60px}#patheos-page-content{position:relative}.breadcrumbs{flex-direction:column;gap:0}.trending-topics li{display:inline;line-height:30px;line-break:auto}.trending-topics{margin-top:0;max-height:30px;overflow:hidden}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block{display:none}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block.mobile{display:block}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav{height:60px}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav .header-logo img{width:100px;height:30px}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav .patheos-logo-container{width:100px;padding-left:13px;padding-top:15px}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-bar{display:none}}@media (max-width:1299px){#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container{font-size:13px;padding:0}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel{margin-left:3px}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel::after{margin-left:5px}}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel{display:none}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .megamenuCollapse-container{height:60px;width:60px;padding:20px 0 0 22px;position:absolute;right:0;top:-65px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content.first{padding:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content{display:block;padding:0 0 20px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-column{padding-right:0;text-align:center}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav li{margin:13px auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header a{text-align:center;display:inline-block}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .items-right .foot-item{text-align:center}}@media (max-width:1299px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-column.wide{flex-basis:38%}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons span{display:none}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons{padding-left:20px;margin-left:20px}}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons{padding:0;margin:auto;border-left:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav{position:absolute;top:40px;padding-top:50px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer{border-top:0;margin:auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .items-right{float:none;width:100%;margin:auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .foot-item{width:100%}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content.first{border:0;margin-bottom:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header{border-top:1px solid #292929;padding:8px 15px;text-align:center;margin:0 auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header::after{content:url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/patheos-megamenuCarat2.svg);width:12px;height:12px;margin-left:10px;display:inline-block}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header.no-carat:after{content:"";width:0;height:0;margin-left:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .ad-free-container{position:relative}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .ad-free-container a.subscription-support{text-decoration:underline;font-size:13px;position:relative;bottom:17px;left:auto;color:#cbcbcb;font-weight:400}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .genericAccordion{display:block;max-height:0;overflow:hidden}}body{--wp--preset--color--black:#000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1),6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)}.davearmstrong{background-image:url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/davearmstrong/davearmstrong-theme-bg.jpg);background-color:#cbcac8;background-repeat:no-repeat}.davearmstrong .writer-theme-nav-block{height:113px}.davearmstrong .decorated-divider{border-bottom:2px solid #bec0cf}.davearmstrong .writer-theme-logo img{width:483px;height:48px}@media (max-width:770px){.davearmstrong{background-image:url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/davearmstrong/davearmstrong-theme-bg-m.jpg)}.davearmstrong .writer-theme-nav-block{height:70px}.davearmstrong .writer-theme-logo img{width:auto;height:auto;max-height:50px}}.davearmstrong .white-solid{box-shadow:0 10px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}a.decorated-link{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(161,37,37,.5)}@media (max-width:420px){.davearmstrong{background-image:none}}.cls-1{fill-rule:evenodd}rad-newsletters-wordpress-collapsable{display:none}html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}nav{display:block}a{background-color:transparent}h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}img{border:0}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}input{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}.glyphicon{position:relative;top:1px;display:inline-block;font-family:'Glyphicons Halflings';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.glyphicon-calendar:before{content:"\e109"}.glyphicon-comment:before{content:"\e111"}*{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}:after,:before{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}html{font-size:10px}body{font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:20px;line-height:1.6;color:#000;background-color:#fff}input{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}a{color:#000;text-decoration:none}img{vertical-align:middle}h1{font-family:"Open Sans Condensed",sans-serif;font-weight:700;line-height:1.1;color:#000}h1{margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:16px}h1{font-size:48px}ul{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:16px}ul ul{margin-bottom:0}.list-unstyled{padding-left:0;list-style:none}@media (min-width:768px){.container{width:750px}}@media (min-width:1000px){.container{width:1030px}}@media (min-width:1300px){.container{width:1330px}}.container-fluid{margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.container-fluid:after,.container-fluid:before{content:" ";display:table}.container-fluid:after{clear:both}.row{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}.row:after,.row:before{content:" ";display:table}.row:after{clear:both}.col-lg-3,.col-lg-9,.col-md-4,.col-md-6,.col-md-8,.col-sm-12,.col-xs-12{position:relative;min-height:1px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.col-xs-12{float:left}.col-xs-12{width:100%}@media (min-width:768px){.col-sm-12{float:left}.col-sm-12{width:100%}}@media (min-width:1000px){.col-md-4,.col-md-6,.col-md-8{float:left}.col-md-4{width:33.3333333333%}.col-md-6{width:50%}.col-md-8{width:66.6666666667%}}@media (min-width:1300px){.col-lg-3,.col-lg-9{float:left}.col-lg-3{width:25%}.col-lg-9{width:75%}}.btn{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:0;font-weight:700;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;touch-action:manipulation;background-image:none;border:1px solid transparent;white-space:nowrap;padding:6px 20px;font-size:20px;line-height:1.6;border-radius:5px}.btn-xs{padding:2px 7px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.2;border-radius:3px}.collapse{display:none}.caret{display:inline-block;width:0;height:0;margin-left:2px;vertical-align:middle;border-top:4px dashed;border-right:4px solid transparent;border-left:4px solid transparent}.dropdown{position:relative}.dropdown-menu{position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;z-index:1000;display:none;float:left;min-width:160px;padding:5px 0;margin:2px 0 0;list-style:none;font-size:20px;text-align:left;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ccc;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15);border-radius:5px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 6px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.175);box-shadow:0 6px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.175);background-clip:padding-box}.dropdown-menu>li>a{display:block;padding:3px 20px;clear:both;font-weight:400;line-height:1.6;color:#8e82b5;white-space:nowrap}.nav{margin-bottom:0;padding-left:0;list-style:none}.nav:after,.nav:before{content:" ";display:table}.nav:after{clear:both}.nav>li{position:relative;display:block}.nav>li>a{position:relative;display:block;padding:10px 15px}.navbar{position:relative;min-height:50px;margin-bottom:32px;border:1px solid transparent}.navbar:after,.navbar:before{content:" ";display:table}.navbar:after{clear:both}.navbar-collapse{overflow-x:visible;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;border-top:1px solid transparent;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.navbar-collapse:after,.navbar-collapse:before{content:" ";display:table}.navbar-collapse:after{clear:both}.container-fluid>.navbar-collapse{margin-right:-15px;margin-left:-15px}.navbar-nav{margin:4.5px -15px}.navbar-nav>li>a{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;line-height:32px}@media (min-width:768px){.navbar{border-radius:5px}.navbar-collapse{width:auto;border-top:0;box-shadow:none}.navbar-collapse.collapse{display:block!important;height:auto!important;padding-bottom:0;overflow:visible!important}.container-fluid>.navbar-collapse{margin-right:0;margin-left:0}.navbar-nav{float:left;margin:0}.navbar-nav>li{float:left}.navbar-nav>li>a{padding-top:9px;padding-bottom:9px}}.navbar-nav>li>.dropdown-menu{margin-top:0;border-top-right-radius:0;border-top-left-radius:0}.navbar-default{background-color:#f8f8f8;border-color:#e7e7e7}.navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a{color:#777}.navbar-default .navbar-collapse{border-color:#e7e7e7}.clearfix:after,.clearfix:before{content:" ";display:table}.clearfix:after{clear:both}.hide{display:none!important}.hidden{display:none!important}.visible-xs-block{display:none!important}@media (max-width:767px){.visible-xs-block{display:block!important}.hidden-xs{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:999px){.hidden-sm{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:1000px) and (max-width:1299px){.hidden-md{display:none!important}}@media (min-width:1300px){.hidden-lg{display:none!important}}nav.navbar{margin-bottom:0}nav.navbar-default{background:0 0;border:none}nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:both}nav .navbar-nav>li>a{float:left}nav .navbar-nav>li.dropdown>a{padding-right:0}nav .navbar-nav>li .dropdown-menu{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}@media only screen and (min-width:0){nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:both}nav .navbar-nav>li .dropdown-menu{position:inherit}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:none}nav .navbar-nav>li .dropdown-menu{position:absolute}}.navbar-collapse{max-height:initial}body{position:relative}.btn{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:0;font-weight:700;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;touch-action:manipulation;letter-spacing:2px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";background-image:none;border:1px solid transparent;white-space:nowrap;padding:6px 20px;font-size:20px;line-height:1.6;border-radius:5px}.btn-prime-3{color:#fff!important;background-color:#96959a;border-color:#89888e}.btn{font-size:14px}.btn-xs{padding:2px 7px;font-size:10px;line-height:1.2;border-radius:3px;font-size:11px}.image-container{position:relative;overflow:hidden;background-color:#fff}.image-container img{width:auto;min-width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;object-fit:cover!important}a img{-moz-transform:scale(1);-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);opacity:1}body,html{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"}@media (max-width:767px){.btn-xs{letter-spacing:1px}body,html{overflow-x:hidden;max-width:100%}.remove-padding-mobile{padding:0!important}}.white-solid{background-color:#fff}.decorated-divider{padding-top:10px;border-bottom:2px solid #7cb4a6;margin:0 auto 10px;width:20%}.decorated-divider.lg{padding-top:20px;margin:0 auto 20px;width:14%}.decorated-divider.left{margin-left:0!important}.row .row{margin:0!important}@media (max-width:767px){.decorated-divider.lg{width:20%}.row{margin:0}}h1{font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-1px}h1{color:#000}h1 a{color:#000;font-weight:700}h1 a:visited{color:#000}.over-dark{color:#fff!important}a{color:#000;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700}a.decorated-link{border-bottom:3px solid #7cb4a6}a:visited{color:#000}a.no-effect{font-weight:400;color:#000;border-bottom:0 solid #e8e5f0}p{margin:0 0 16px}.list-unstyled li{margin-bottom:10px;line-height:normal}@media (max-width:1299px){h1{font-size:40px;line-height:42px}}span.read-more{color:#7cb4a6;font-weight:700}.container{margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.container:after,.container:before{content:" ";display:table}.container:after{clear:both}@media (min-width:768px){.container{width:750px!important}}@media (min-width:1000px){.container{width:1030px!important}.flex-row{display:flex;flex:1 1 25%}}@media (min-width:1300px){.container{width:1330px!important}}.writer-theme{background-attachment:fixed;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:fixed;padding-bottom:40px}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo{font-family:"Open Sans Condensed",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;padding:20px 0;min-height:90px;position:relative}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo img{max-width:100%}.writer-theme .navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a{border-bottom:4px solid #fff}.writer-theme nav .navbar-nav>li.dropdown>a{padding-right:10px}.tagged-with-include-rss{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;text-align:left;font-family:"Open Sans Condensed",sans-serif,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;margin:30px auto}.tagged-with-include-rss a{color:#000;opacity:.8}.tagged-with-include-rss li{padding:5px 12px;margin:3px 1px;border:1px solid #96959a}.tagged-with-include-rss li:nth-child(-n+2){background-color:#000;color:#fff;padding:6px 12px;border:0}.tagged-with-include-rss li:nth-child(-n+2) a{color:#fff;opacity:1}@media (max-width:767px){.writer-theme{padding:0;background-size:100%;background-repeat:repeat}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo{padding:0;min-height:50px}.writer-theme .writer-theme-logo img{width:100%;height:auto;max-height:none}.writer-theme .navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a{color:#777;width:100%}.tagged-with-include-rss{padding:10px}}.ad{padding:10px 0}.ad-container{width:100%;position:relative;text-align:center;clear:both}.ad-container.top-ad{border-bottom:1px solid #e8e5f0;padding:20px}@media (max-width:767px){.ad{margin:20px 0;padding:0}.ad-container{min-height:auto}}.by-line{font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";font-size:11px;letter-spacing:3px;color:#96959a;text-transform:uppercase;padding:9px 0;font-weight:700}@media (max-width:999px){h1{font-size:34px;line-height:36px}.by-line{letter-spacing:normal}}.by-line .glyphicon{padding:0 6px}.by-line a{color:#96959a}.by-line .divide-byline{content:"|";display:inline-block}input{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 16px}input{border-radius:4px}.simple-post-container{position:relative;border-bottom:1px solid #e8e5f0;padding:5px 20px 15px}@media (min-width:768px){.simple-post-container{min-height:475px}}.simple-post-container .image-container{float:left;width:160px;height:160px;overflow:hidden;margin-right:20px;margin-top:5px}.simple-post-container .image-container img{width:auto;min-width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0}.simple-post-container h1{font-size:32px;line-height:34px}.simple-post-container h1{margin-top:26px;margin-bottom:6px}.channel-breadcrumb{margin:20px 0 -5px -7px}.overflow-text{overflow:hidden}@media (min-width:1000px){.flex-right-rail{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mtc-rail{flex-grow:1}}.navbar{font-family:"Open Sans Condensed",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:2px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700}.navbar.nav-writer-theme .dropdown{background:0 0}.navbar .nav>li.dropdown{position:relative}.writer-theme-nav-block{border-bottom:1px solid #e8e5f0;border-top:4px solid #fff}@media (max-width:767px){.by-line .glyphicon{padding:0 6px 0 0}.by-line .divide-byline{content:"";display:block;clear:both}.simple-post-container .image-container{width:100%;height:auto;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:20px}.simple-post-container .image-container img{width:100%;min-width:100%;height:auto;position:relative;top:0;left:0}.simple-post-container{padding:0 10px}.overflow-text{overflow:visible}.writer-theme-nav-block{height:70px}}.dropdown-menu{font-size:inherit}.dropdown-menu{border-radius:4px}.dropdown-menu>li>a{color:#96959a;font-weight:700}nav.navbar-default{background:#fff;z-index:1}#patheos-nav{height:100px}#patheos-page-content{width:100%;position:relative;top:0;right:0}@media (max-width:999px){.navbar-collapse{border-top:1px solid transparent;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.navbar-collapse.collapse{display:none!important}.navbar-nav{float:none!important;margin-top:7.5px}.navbar-nav>li{float:none}.navbar-nav>li>a{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px}nav .navbar-nav>li{clear:both}#patheos-nav{height:60px}#patheos-page-content{position:relative}}.breadcrumbs{width:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:row;gap:10px;margin-top:5px}.breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-faith,.breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-topic{display:inline-block}.breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-faith .channel-breadcrumb,.breadcrumbs .breadcrumb-topic .channel-breadcrumb{margin:0}.trending-topics{font-size:15px;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"}.trending-topics ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.trending-topics li{display:inline-block;padding:6px 10px}.trending-topics li:nth-child(1){background-color:#7cb4a6;color:#fff;font-weight:700}.trending-topics a{font-weight:400}.trending-topics .list-divider{color:#7cb4a6;padding:6px 0}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block{float:right;margin-top:36px;position:relative}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block.mobile{display:none;float:none;text-align:center}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block.mobile .footer-social-icons{border-left:0;padding-left:0;margin:auto;display:block;text-align:center}@media (max-width:999px){.breadcrumbs{flex-direction:column;gap:0}.trending-topics li{display:inline;line-height:30px;line-break:auto}.trending-topics{margin-top:0;max-height:30px;overflow:hidden}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block{display:none}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block.mobile{display:block}}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block.mobile a.subscription-support{bottom:32px;left:auto;display:block}#site-footer-2022 .extras-block a.subscription-support{text-decoration:underline;font-size:13px;position:relative;bottom:-38px;left:281px;color:#cbcbcb}#site-footer-2022 .footer-social-icons{border-left:1px solid #3d3d3d;padding-left:30px;margin-left:30px;display:inline-block;font-size:15px;color:#cbcbcb;font-weight:700}#site-footer-2022 .footer-social-icons img.icon{width:35px;height:35px;margin:0 5px}@media (max-width:1299px){#site-footer-2022 .footer-social-icons{padding-left:20px;margin-left:20px}}#site-footer-2022 a{color:#fff;font-weight:400}#site-footer-2022 a:visited{color:#fff}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav{width:100%;height:72px;position:relative;z-index:1000;background-color:#000;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(#000,#262626);background:-o-linear-gradient(#000,#262626);background:linear-gradient(#000,#262626)}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav .patheos-logo-container{margin:auto;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;padding-top:17px;width:127px}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav{height:60px}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav .header-logo img{width:100px;height:30px}#patheos-header-bar-mega-nav .patheos-logo-container{width:100px;padding-left:13px;padding-top:15px}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-bar{display:none}}#patheos-channel-mega-nav{text-align:center}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-bar{position:relative;z-index:999;background-color:#000;width:100%;padding:15px!important;position:absolute}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container{margin:auto!important;text-align:center;font-size:15px;text-decoration:none;position:relative;z-index:1001;top:4px;padding:0}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container a{font-weight:400}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel{color:#d4d4d4!important;margin-left:5px;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel::after{content:'|';color:#7ea198;margin-left:10px}@media (max-width:1299px){#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container{font-size:13px;padding:0}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel{margin-left:3px}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel::after{margin-left:5px}}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .megamenuCollapse-container{position:relative;z-index:998;padding:0 6px;display:inline-block;color:#fff;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:600}@media (max-width:1299px){#patheos-channel-mega-nav .megamenuCollapse-container{padding:0 4px}}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-channel-mega-nav .subnav-channels-container .channel{display:none}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .megamenuCollapse-container{height:60px;width:60px;padding:20px 0 0 22px;position:absolute;right:0;top:-65px}}#patheos-channel-mega-nav .megamenuCollapse-container .megamenuCollapse-icon{background:url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/patheos-menu-icon.svg) center center no-repeat;width:16px;height:12px;background-size:16px 12px;border:0;margin:4px 13px 0 0;display:inline-block;float:left}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-channel-mega-nav .megamenuCollapse-container .megamenuCollapse-icon{height:20px;width:23px;background-size:20px 23px;margin:1px 13px 0 0}}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav{width:100%;z-index:998;background:#000;color:#fff;text-align:left;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol"!important;font-size:14px;border-bottom:5px solid #88b2a6;margin:auto!important;position:absolute}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content{padding:20px 0;margin:auto;position:relative;top:12px;z-index:999;display:flex}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content.first{border-top:1px solid #3d3d3d;padding:20px 0 0;margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content.first{padding:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content{display:block;padding:0 0 20px}}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-column{text-align:left;font-size:15px;flex-basis:25%;padding-right:20px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-column.wide{flex-basis:40%}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .remove-indent{margin-left:-15px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav li{margin:10px auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav li a{text-decoration:none;color:#cbcbcb;font-weight:400}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header a{text-decoration:none;color:#fff;font-weight:600;margin:15px auto;border-bottom:0;text-align:left;font-size:17px;display:block}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-column{padding-right:0;text-align:center}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav li{margin:13px auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header a{text-align:center;display:inline-block}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .items-right .foot-item{text-align:center}}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer{border-top:1px solid #3d3d3d;padding:36px 0 50px;display:block;top:0;margin-top:40px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .items-right{float:right}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .items-right .foot-item{display:inline-block;position:relative}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .items-right .foot-item a.subscription-support{text-decoration:underline;font-size:13px;position:absolute;bottom:-24px;left:0;color:#cbcbcb;font-weight:400}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .items-left{float:left}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons{border-left:1px solid #3d3d3d;padding-left:20px;margin-left:30px;display:inline-block;font-size:15px;color:#cbcbcb;font-weight:700}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons span{padding:13px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons img.icon{width:35px;height:35px;margin:0 5px}@media (max-width:1299px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-column.wide{flex-basis:38%}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons span{display:none}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons{padding-left:20px;margin-left:20px}}@media (max-width:999px){#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer .social-icons{padding:0;margin:auto;border-left:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav{position:absolute;top:40px;padding-top:50px}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-footer{border-top:0;margin:auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .items-right{float:none;width:100%;margin:auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .foot-item{width:100%}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .menu-content.first{border:0;margin-bottom:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header{border-top:1px solid #292929;padding:8px 15px;text-align:center;margin:0 auto}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header::after{content:url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/patheos-megamenuCarat2.svg);width:12px;height:12px;margin-left:10px;display:inline-block}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .header.no-carat:after{content:"";width:0;height:0;margin-left:0}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .ad-free-container{position:relative}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .ad-free-container a.subscription-support{text-decoration:underline;font-size:13px;position:relative;bottom:17px;left:auto;color:#cbcbcb;font-weight:400}#patheos-dropdown-mega-nav .genericAccordion{display:block;max-height:0;overflow:hidden}}.patheos-search-bar{border-radius:100px;height:36px}.patheos-search-bar.in-header{position:relative;float:right;min-width:42px;top:18px;right:23px}.patheos-search-bar.in-header .searchbar{height:36px;width:260px}.patheos-search-bar.in-dropdown{float:none;margin:auto!important;position:inherit;width:80%;max-width:300px;position:relative}.patheos-search-bar.in-dropdown .searchbar{text-align:center;height:36px;width:100%;right:0}@media (max-width:999px){.patheos-search-bar.in-dropdown{max-width:none}}.patheos-search-bar .searchbar{margin-bottom:auto;margin-top:auto;background-color:transparent;border-radius:30px;padding:10px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;top:1px;background-color:#fff;line-height:1.2;font-size:16px}.patheos-search-bar .search_input{color:#383838;border:0;outline:0;background:0 0;line-height:18px;position:relative;top:-7px;left:10px;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";font-size:15px;font-weight:400;opacity:1;width:100%}.patheos-search-bar .search_icon{position:absolute;top:10px;left:12px;opacity:1}.patheos-search-bar .search_icon svg{width:16px} </style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>The Religious History Nerd - The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history,</title> <meta name="description" content="The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Religious History Nerd" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The Religious History Nerd" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/","url":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/","name":"The Religious History Nerd - The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history,","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/#website"},"description":"The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/#website","url":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/","name":"The Religious History Nerd","description":"The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history,","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Religious History Nerd » Feed" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Religious History Nerd » Comments Feed" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/comments/feed/" /> <!-- Pushly --> <script src="https://cdn.p-n.io/pushly-sdk.min.js?domain_key=wuaocSunBfjwow8IRkbtgAiZYpxTzpgcwe2W" async></script> <script> window.PushlySDK = window.PushlySDK || []; function pushly() { window.PushlySDK.push(arguments) } pushly('load', { domainKey: 'wuaocSunBfjwow8IRkbtgAiZYpxTzpgcwe2W', sw: '/assets/pushly/pushly-sdk-worker.js', }); // include channel data in profile let html = document.querySelector('html'); if (html.hasAttribute('data-content-channel')) { let channel = html.getAttribute('data-content-channel'); pushly('profile_append', { 'channel': [ channel ] }); } //include faith data in profile if (html.hasAttribute('data-faiths') && html.getAttribute('data-faiths')) { let faiths = html.getAttribute('data-faiths'); pushly('profile_append', { 'faiths': faiths.split(',') }); } //include topic data in profile if (html.hasAttribute('data-topics') && html.getAttribute('data-topics')) { let topics = html.getAttribute('data-topics'); pushly('profile_append', { 'topics': topics.split(',') }); } </script> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/wp-json/" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.3.1" /> <!-- Twitter Cards Meta - V 2.5.4 --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@WPDevTeam" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@WPDevTeam" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="The Religious History Nerd" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="" /> <!-- Twitter Cards Meta By WPDeveloper.net --> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-7T32VHQBTN"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-7T32VHQBTN'); </script> <!--- START FBCONV PRECONNECTS ---><link rel="preconnect" href="https://connect.facebook.net" crossorigin /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://connect.facebook.net" crossorigin /><!--- END FBCONV PRECONNECTS ---><!--- START FBCONV PRELOADS ---><link rel="preload" href="https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js" as="script" /><!--- END FBCONV PRELOADS ---> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/app/dist/js/chunk-vendors.463729d9.js" /> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/app/dist/js/app.aa252f13.js" /> <!-- Favicon Data --> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#00aba9"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/images/favicons/mstile-150x150.png?v=00rbb46rd6"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="author" content="The Religious History Nerd"/><meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/mahabarbara"/><meta property="article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/mahabarbara"/><meta property="og:title" content="The Religious History Nerd"/><meta property="og:description" content="The origins, mysteries, disaster, success, and surprises of religion's history,"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2022/07/thereligioushistorynerd-headshot-2.jpg"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="The Religious History Nerd"/><meta property="audience" content="Seekers"/> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-6605286-6', 'auto'); var type = null; var metas = document.getElementsByTagName("meta"); for (var i=0; i<metas.length; i++) { if (metas[i].getAttribute("property") == "og:type") { type = metas[i].getAttribute("content"); } } var tag = null; var metas = document.getElementsByTagName("meta"); for (var i=0; i<metas.length; i++) { if (metas[i].getAttribute("property") == "article:section") { tag = metas[i].getAttribute("content"); if (tag != "Uncategorized") { break; } else { tag = null; } } } if(tag == null) { var metas = document.getElementsByTagName("meta"); for (var i=0; i<metas.length; i++) { if (metas[i].getAttribute("property") == "article:tag") { tag = metas[i].getAttribute("content"); break; } } } ga("send", "pageview", { dimension1: "none", dimension2: "none", dimension3: "none", dimension4: "History and Religion", //Channel dimension5: type, //Content Type dimension6: tag, //Keyword dimension7: "Seekers", //Audience dimension8: "", //Political dimension9: "", //Content Age Identifier for Willis Blogs dimension10: "active", //Active Status }); </script> <script type='text/javascript'> (function () { /** CONFIGURATION START **/ var _sf_async_config = window._sf_async_config = (window._sf_async_config || {}); _sf_async_config.uid = 21057; // UID IS SAME FOR ALL SITES ON YOUR ACCOUNT _sf_async_config.domain = 'patheos.com'; // DON'T INCLUDE HTTP(S) OR WWW _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.useCanonicalDomain = true; _sf_async_config.flickerControl = false; _sf_async_config.sections = ''; //SET PAGE-LEVEL SECTION(S) _sf_async_config.authors = 'The Religious History Nerd'; //SET PAGE-LEVEL AUTHOR(S) /** CONFIGURATION END **/ function loadChartbeat() { var e = document.createElement('script'); var n = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; e.type = 'text/javascript'; e.async = true; e.src = '//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'; n.parentNode.insertBefore(e, n); } loadChartbeat(); })(); </script> <script async src="//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat_mab.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> /* Scss Document */ .thereligioushistorynerd { background-image: url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/_general-writer-themes/hazyfields/hazyfield-theme-bg.jpg); background-color: #e8e0f5; background-repeat: no-repeat; } @media (max-width: 770px) { .thereligioushistorynerd { background-image: url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/_general-writer-themes/hazyfields/hazyfield-theme-bg-m.jpg); background-size: cover; } } .thereligioushistorynerd .navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a, .thereligioushistorynerd .navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:hover, .thereligioushistorynerd .navbar-default .navbar-nav > .active > a:focus { background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: 4px solid #73aaa0; } .thereligioushistorynerd .decorated-divider { border-bottom: 2px solid #697780; } .thereligioushistorynerd .about-us .blurb { border-top: 4px solid #697780; } .thereligioushistorynerd .writer-theme-logo img { width: 417px; height: 58px; } @media (max-width: 770px) { .thereligioushistorynerd .writer-theme-logo img { width: auto; height: auto; max-height: 38px; } } @media (max-width: 770px) { .thereligioushistorynerd .writer-theme-logo { padding: 12px 0 !important; } } .thereligioushistorynerd .white-solid { box-shadow: 0 10px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); } .thereligioushistorynerd .color-grad { background: #73aaa0; /* Old browsers */ background: -moz-linear-gradient(left, #73aaa0 0%, #697780 100%); /* FF3.6-15 */ background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, #73aaa0 0%, #697780 100%); /* Chrome10-25,Safari5.1-6 */ background: linear-gradient(to right, #73aaa0 0%, #697780 100%); /* W3C, IE10+, FF16+, Chrome26+, Opera12+, Safari7+ */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#73aaa0', endColorstr='#697780',GradientType=1 ); /* IE6-9 */ } .thereligioushistorynerd .color-grad.thin-stripe { height: 4px; padding: 0; clear: both; } .thereligioushistorynerd .color-grad .newsletter-su-mod { margin: 0; } a.decorated-link { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(115, 170, 160, 0.5); } a:hover { color: #73aaa0; } a.decorated-link { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(115, 170, 160, 0.5); } .related-content .by-line a { color: #73aaa0; } .related-content .by-line a:hover { color: #697780; } .tag-decorated a { background-color: #73aaa0; } .tag-decorated a:hover { color: #73aaa0; border: 2px solid #73aaa0; } .next-feature time { background-color: #73aaa0; } .previous-feature time { background-color: #73aaa0; } .btn-prime-1 { background-color: #73aaa0; border-color: #63a095; } .btn-prime-1:hover { background-color: #589287; border-color: #32524c; } .btn-prime-2 { background-color: #73aaa0; border-color: #63a095; } .btn-prime-2:hover { background-color: #589287; border-color: #32524c; } .btn-accent-1 { background-color: #697780; border-color: #5e6a72; } .btn-accent-1:hover { background-color: #525d64; border-color: #24292c; } .btn-accent-2 { background-color: #697780; border-color: #5e6a72; } .btn-accent-2:hover { background-color: #525d64; border-color: #24292c; } .newsletter-su-mod:before { background-image: url(https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/_general-writer-themes/hazyfields/hazyfield-theme-bg.jpg); } </style> <script> ga('create', 'UA-11287652-2', 'auto', 'clientTracker'); ga('clientTracker.send', 'pageview'); </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"The Religious History Nerd","url":"https:\/\/www.patheos.com\/blogs\/thereligioushistorynerd"} </script> <!-- Admiral Ad-Free --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.admiral = window.admiral || function () { (admiral.q = admiral.q || []).push(arguments); }; window.admiral('targeting', 'pause', 5e3); (function() { var html = document.querySelector('html'); console.info('checking premium post'); if (html.getAttribute('data-page-type') == 'post') { console.info('page type is post, checking premium post'); if (html.getAttribute('data-premium-post') == 'true') { console.debug('Calling Admiral to set premium flag'); window.admiral('targeting', 'set', 'premium', 'true'); // check if user is logged in and subscribed with an offer id. if so, add to targeting var cookies = document.cookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) { var keyvalues = cookies[i].split('='); var key = keyvalues[0].trim(); if ('offerID' === key) { window.admiral('targeting', 'set', 'offerId', keyvalues[1].trim()); // Unhide content document.getElementById('premium-content').classList.remove('blur'); document.getElementById('premium-content').classList.remove('fade-out'); } } console.debug('premium flag set'); } else { console.info('not a premium post.'); } } else { console.info('not a premium post'); } console.debug('checking metered content'); if (html.getAttribute('data-is-metered') == 'true') { window.admiral('targeting', 'set', 'metered', 'true'); console.debug('metered content flag set'); } })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript">!(function(o,n,t){t=o.createElement(n),o=o.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],t.async=1,t.src="https://enviousshape.com/v2/0/wgwWCDdb2NiW1gz9y7pvfYreSsK5spr2b4pkfdg26e6IIxv4lclET_lRg68kIm2kwgg",o.parentNode.insertBefore(t,o)})(document,"script"),(function(o,n){o[n]=o[n]||function(){(o[n].q=o[n].q||[]).push(arguments)}})(window,"admiral");!(function(n,e,r,t){function o(){if((function o(t){try{return(t=localStorage.getItem("v4ac1eiZr0"))&&0<t.split(",")[4]}catch(n){}return!1})()){var t=n[e].pubads();typeof t.setTargeting===r&&t.setTargeting("admiral-engaged","true")}}(t=n[e]=n[e]||{}).cmd=t.cmd||[],typeof t.pubads===r?o():typeof t.cmd.unshift===r?t.cmd.unshift(o):t.cmd.push(o)})(window,"googletag","function");;;;;</script> <!-- End Admiral Ad-Free --><!-- CookiePro Cookies Consent Notice start for patheos.com --> <script src="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="3f93598f-6412-4eae-a452-60ccd114b1eb" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <!-- CookiePro Cookies Consent Notice end for patheos.com --><link rel="preconnect" href="https://01.cdn.mediatradecraft.com/" crossorigin=""/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://01.cdn.mediatradecraft.com/"/> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/" crossorigin=""/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/"/> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/" crossorigin=""/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/"/> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://micro.rubiconproject.com/" crossorigin=""/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://micro.rubiconproject.com/"/> <script src="https://c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js" async="true"></script> <script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async="true"></script> <script src="https://01.cdn.mediatradecraft.com/patheos/main/main.js?template=blog-index" async="true"></script> <link href="https://01.cdn.mediatradecraft.com/patheos/main/main.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" rel="stylesheet"/> <style type="text/css"> .sticky-ad { position: fixed; bottom: 10px; width: 768px; height: 90px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); z-index: 999; text-align: right; } .sticky-ad-close { position:absolute; cursor: pointer; left: 686px; top: -16px; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); padding: 2px 5px 2px 5px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0 0; color: #ffffff; font-family: serif; font-size: 0.7em; z-index: 999; } @media screen and (max-width: 600px) { .sticky-ad { visibility: hidden; } } @media (max-width: 420px) { .thereligioushistorynerd { background-image: none; } } </style> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://www.patheos.com" },{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Topic Category", "item": "https://www.patheos.com/topic/history-and-religion" } ] } </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Patheos", "url": "https://www.patheos.com", "logo": "https://www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png", "contactPoint": { "contactType": "Customer Service", "@type": "ContactPoint", "url": "https://www.patheos.com/about-patheos", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "sameAs": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patheos", "https://www.instagram.com/patheosofficial/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@patheospodcasts", "https://twitter.com/patheos", "https://www.facebook.com/Patheos/" ] } </script> </head> <body class="home blog"> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W3V8F2');</script> <script src="https://cdn.debugbear.com/xOy3K6K6k6J8.js" async></script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <div id="patheos-nav"> <div class="wrapper"> <!-- Page Content Holder --> <div id="patheos-page-content"> <!-- Header Bar --> <div id="patheos-header-bar-mega-nav"> <div class="patheos-logo-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/" class="header-logo"><img src="https://www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="Patheos" width="127" height="38"></a> </div> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/special-offers" class="nav-special-action desktop">Special Offers</a> <div class="patheos-search-bar in-header hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div class="searchbar "> <form name="search" class="desktop-search-form" method="get" action="/search"> <input class="search_input" type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search Patheos"> <a href="#" class="search_icon" onclick="document.getElementsByClassName('desktop-search-form')[0].submit(); return false;"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32.41 32.19"> <defs> <style> .cls-1 { fill-rule: evenodd; } </style> </defs> <path class="cls-1" d="M32,31.9a2,2,0,0,1-2.9.1l-8.4-8.5A12.38,12.38,0,0,1,13.1,26,12.8,12.8,0,0,1,13.1.4,12.91,12.91,0,0,1,26,13.2a12.42,12.42,0,0,1-2.3,7.3L32.2,29A2.06,2.06,0,0,1,32,31.9ZM13.2,3.5A9.8,9.8,0,1,0,23,13.3,9.82,9.82,0,0,0,13.2,3.5Z" transform="translate(-0.3 -0.4)" /> </svg> </a> </form> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Channel Subnav --> <div id="patheos-channel-mega-nav"> <div class="subnav-bar"></div> <div class="subnav-channels-container container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/buddhist" class="channel">Buddhist</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/catholic" class="channel">Catholic</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/contemplative" class="channel">Contemplative</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/evangelical" class="channel">Evangelical</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/general-christian" class="channel">General Christian</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/hindu" class="channel">Hindu</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/jewish" class="channel">Jewish</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/latter-day-saint" class="channel">Latter-day Saint</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/muslim" class="channel">Muslim</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/new-visions" class="channel">New Visions</a><a href="https://www.patheos.com/progressive-christian" class="channel">Progressive Christian</a> <rad-toggle-button target-div="patheos-dropdown-mega-nav" toggle-div="megamenuCollapse" toggle-message="close menu"> <div id="megamenuCollapse" class="megamenuCollapse-container"> <div class="megamenuCollapse-icon"></div> </div> </rad-toggle-button> </div> </div> <!--sliding nav --> <nav id="patheos-dropdown-mega-nav" class="collapse"> <div class="container menu-content first"> <div class="menu-column"> <rad-toggle-button target-div="accordionf25de284-0079-4ba4-999f-f68c33be399b" added-class="open" :disable-desktop="true"> <div class="header"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">Beliefs</a></div> </rad-toggle-button> <div id="accordionf25de284-0079-4ba4-999f-f68c33be399b" class="genericAccordion"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/buddhist">Buddhist</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/catholic">Catholic</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/contemplative">Contemplative</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/evangelical">Evangelical</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/general-christian">General Christian</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/hindu">Hindu</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/jewish">Jewish</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/latter-day-saint">Latter-day Saint</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/more-voices">More Voices</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/muslim">Muslim</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/new-visions">New Visions</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/pagan">Pagan</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/progressive-christian">Progressive Christian</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <rad-toggle-button target-div="accordionf6e5ff9b-8c62-4fd7-9095-9ee6b35b7984" added-class="open" :disable-desktop="true"> <div class="header"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">Topics</a></div> </rad-toggle-button> <div id="accordionf6e5ff9b-8c62-4fd7-9095-9ee6b35b7984" class="genericAccordion"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/religion-news">Religion News</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/food-and-religion">Food and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/sports-and-religion">Sports and Religion</a></li> <li class="" style="z-index: 1;"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/religious-art">Religious Art</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/religious-music-and-entertainment">Religious Music and Entertainment</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/religious-events">Religious Events</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/history-and-religion">History and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/style-and-religion">Style and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/politics-and-religion">Politics and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/women-in-religion">Women in Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/recreation-outdoors-and-religion">Recreation Outdoors and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/business-finance-and-religion">Business Finance and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/careers-workplace-and-religion">Careers Workplace and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/education-and-religion">Education and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/family-parenting-and-religion">Family Parenting and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/health-fitness-and-religion">Health Fitness and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/home-and-religion">Home and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/relationships-and-religion">Relationships and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/technology-and-religion">Technology and Religion</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/topic/travel-and-religion">Travel and Religion</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <rad-toggle-button target-div="accordion2e1581d5-022f-4cc9-a9e8-10809c021e69" added-class="open" :disable-desktop="true"> <div class="header"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">Columnists</a></div> </rad-toggle-button> <div id="accordion2e1581d5-022f-4cc9-a9e8-10809c021e69" class="genericAccordion"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/buddhist-blogs">Buddhist Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/business-finance-and-religion-blogs">Business Finance and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/careers-workplace-and-religion-blogs">Careers Workplace and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/catholic-blogs">Catholic Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/contemplative-blogs">Contemplative Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/education-and-religion-blogs">Education and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/evangelical-blogs">Evangelists Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/family-parenting-and-religion-blogs">Family Parenting and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/general-christian-blogs">General Christian Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/health-fitness-and-religion-blogs">Health Fitness and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/hindu-blogs">Hindu Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion-blogs">History and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/home-and-religion-blogs">Home and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/jewish-blogs">Jewish Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/more-voices-blogs">More Voices Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/latter-day-saint-blogs">Latter Day Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/muslim-blogs">Muslim Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/new-visions-blogs">New Visions Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/nonreligious-blogs">Nonreligious Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/pagan-blogs">Pagan Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/politics-and-religion-blogs">Politics and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/progressive-christian-blogs">Progressive Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/recreation-outdoors-and-religion-blogs">Recreation Outdoors and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/relationships-and-religion-blogs">Relationships and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/religion-news-blogs">Religion News Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/religious-art-blogs">Religious Art Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/religious-events-blogs">Religious Events Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/religious-music-and-entertainment-blogs">Religious Music and Entertainment Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/sports-and-religion-blogs">Sports and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/style-and-religion-blogs">Style and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/technology-and-religion-blogs">Technology and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/travel-and-religion-blogs">Travel and Religion Columnists</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/women-in-religion-blogs">Women in Religion Columnists</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column wide"> <rad-toggle-button target-div="accordion93231af5-9016-426a-8a0f-4fec81ab0460" added-class="open" :disable-desktop="true"> <div class="header"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">Resource Library</a></div> </rad-toggle-button> <div id="accordion93231af5-9016-426a-8a0f-4fec81ab0460" class="genericAccordion"> <ul class="list-unstyled remove-indent col-md-6"> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library">Library of World Religions</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/sacred-spaces/overview">The 100 Most Holy Places on Earth</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/answers">Patheos Answers</a></li> <li class="" style="z-index: 1;"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/editorial/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li class="" style="z-index: 1;"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/editorial/videos/answers">Videos</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/faith-figures-database">Faith Leaders Database</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/anglican">Anglican Episcopalian</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/bahai">Bahai</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/baptist">Baptist</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/eastern-orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/pentecostal">Holiness and Pentecostal</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/iskcon-hare-krishna">ISKCON</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/islam">Islam</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/lutheran">Lutheran</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/methodist">Methodist</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/mormonism">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></li> </ul> <ul class="list-unstyled remove-indent col-md-6"> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/new-age">New Age</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/pagan">Paganism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/presbyterian">Presbytarian and Reformed</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/protestantism">Protestantism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/religion-behind-the-scenes" class="tier-2">Religion Behind the Scenes</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/roman-catholicism">Roman Catholic</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/scientology">Scientology</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/shia-islam">Shia Islam</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/sufism">Sufism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/sunni-islam">Sunni Islam</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/taoism">Taoism</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/zen">Zen</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library">See all religions</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="container menu-content"> <div class="menu-column"> <rad-toggle-button target-div="accordiondaf101cf-c78c-4512-bf9a-94e947838303" added-class="open" :disable-desktop="true"> <div class="header"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">Research Tools</a></div> </rad-toggle-button> <div id="accordiondaf101cf-c78c-4512-bf9a-94e947838303" class="genericAccordion"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/library/lenses/side-by-side">Comparison Lens</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/preachers">Preacher Resources</a></li> <li> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/teachers">Teacher Resources</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <div class="header no-carat"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/editorial/videos">Video</a></div> <div class="header no-carat"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/editorial/podcasts">Podcasts</a></div> <div class="header no-carat"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/articles-and-essays">Thought Readers</a></div> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <rad-toggle-button target-div="accordiona1f2cd5d-bbf3-4b61-a8a4-5a6e03d5c7fb" added-class="open" :disable-desktop="true"> <div class="header"> <a href="javascript:void(0);">E-Books and Other Special Offers</a></div> </rad-toggle-button> <div id="accordiona1f2cd5d-bbf3-4b61-a8a4-5a6e03d5c7fb" class="genericAccordion"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-gods-cheat-sheet-to-finance">God's Cheat Sheet to Finances</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-books-of-bible-signup?track1=HouseNav_BooksBible_P">Books of the Bible Study series</a></li> <li> <a href="https://l.patheos.com/excavating-the-history-of-the-bible-la/">History of the Bible</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-marriage-prayer-challenge-signup?track1=HouseNav_Marriage_P">7 Day Prayer Challenge for Spouses</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-different-christian-signup/?sourceid=101&track1=HouseNav_DKoC_P">A Different Kind of Christian</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-jesusislove-signup/?sourceid=97&track1=HouseNav_JIL_P">Jesus is Love</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-devotional-signup?track1=HouseNav_Dev_P&sourceid=176">Prayer Devotional</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-catholic-coloringbook-signup?track1=HouseNav_CCB_P&sourceid=111">The Saints We Love</a></li> <li> <a href="https://cr.patheos.com/path-conversation-cards?track1=HouseNav_Convo_P">FaithChatter Conversation Cards</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column wide"> <div class="header no-carat"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/subscribe/newsletters">Newsletters</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <!--BUTTON AND SEACH HIDDEN ON DESKTOP--> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/special-offers" class="nav-special-action mobile">Special Offers</a> <div class="patheos-search-bar in-dropdown hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div class="searchbar "> <form name="search" class="desktop-search-form" method="get" action="/search"> <input class="search_input" type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search Patheos"> <a href="#" class="search_icon" onclick="document.getElementsByClassName('desktop-search-form')[0].submit(); return false;"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32.41 32.19"> <defs> <style> .cls-1 { fill-rule: evenodd; } </style> </defs> <path class="cls-1" d="M32,31.9a2,2,0,0,1-2.9.1l-8.4-8.5A12.38,12.38,0,0,1,13.1,26,12.8,12.8,0,0,1,13.1.4,12.91,12.91,0,0,1,26,13.2a12.42,12.42,0,0,1-2.3,7.3L32.2,29A2.06,2.06,0,0,1,32,31.9ZM13.2,3.5A9.8,9.8,0,1,0,23,13.3,9.82,9.82,0,0,0,13.2,3.5Z" transform="translate(-0.3 -0.4)" /> </svg> </a> </form> </div> </div> <div class="ad-free-container hidden-md hidden-lg"> <rad-admiral-login anchor-class="ad-free-login"> <img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/profile-icon.svg" alt="" width="29" height="29" />Ad-Free & Subscriber Log-In </rad-admiral-login> <a href="mailto:support@getadmiral.com?subject=Patheos Subscription Support" class="subscription-support">Subscription Support</a> </div> <div class="container menu-content menu-footer"> <div class="items-left hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/" class="header-logo"><img src="https://www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="Patheos" width="130" height="39"></a> </div> <div class="items-right"> <div class="foot-item hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <rad-admiral-login anchor-class="ad-free-login"> <img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/profile-icon.svg" alt="" width="29" height="29" />Ad-Free & Subscriber Log-In </rad-admiral-login> <a href="mailto:support@getadmiral.com?subject=Patheos Subscription Support" class="subscription-support">Subscription Support</a> </div> <div class="foot-item"> <div class="social-icons"> <span>Follow Patheos</span> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Patheos/"><img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/Patheos-Facebook-Icon.svg" alt="Patheos on Facebook" class="icon"></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5u2f85lX38wm6NEne5pXFw"><img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/Patheos-YouTube-Icon.svg" alt="Patheos on YouTube" class="icon"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <!-- The Rest Of The Page --> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="score-column1 "> <div class="score-center"> <div class="row "> <div class="container full-width remove-padding-mobile"> <div class="trending-topics"> <ul> <li>Trending:</li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/trending-topics/e/election">Election</a></li> <li class="list-divider">|</li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/trending-topics/t/trump">Trump</a></li> <li class="list-divider">|</li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/trending-topics/k/kamala-harris">Kamala Harris</a></li> <li class="list-divider">|</li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/trending-topics/s/seasonal-holidays">Seasonal Holidays</a></li> <li class="list-divider">|</li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/trending-topics/f/forgiveness">Forgiveness</a></li> <li class="list-divider">|</li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/trending-topics/r/resurrection">Resurrection</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="writer-theme thereligioushistorynerd"> <div id="writer-theme-logo" class="container writer-theme-logo"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd"> <picture> <!--[if IE 9]><video style='display: none;'><![endif]--> <source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcset="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/thereligioushistorynerd/thereligioushistorynerd-theme-logo.png" height="50"> <source srcset="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/thereligioushistorynerd/thereligioushistorynerd-theme-header-m.png" height="116" width="828"> <!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--> <img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/wordpress/writer-themes/thereligioushistorynerd/thereligioushistorynerd-theme-logo.png" alt="thereligioushistorynerd" height="50"> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="container white-solid"> <div class="row writer-theme-nav-block"> <style type="text/css">rad-newsletters-wordpress-collapsable { display: none; }</style> <rad-newsletters-wordpress-collapsable blog-name="The Religious History Nerd" channel-name="History and Religion" source-desc="52" blog-list-id="Wm" channel-list-id="57" :is-default-channel="true" path-url="https://cr.patheos.com/admiral"> </rad-newsletters-wordpress-collapsable> <nav class="navbar navbar-default nav-writer-theme"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <rad-navigation-subnav-button></rad-navigation-subnav-button> <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="defaultNavbar1"> <div class="menu-menu-1-container"><ul id="menu-menu-1" class="nav navbar-nav"><li class=' menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page'><a href='https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/about/'>About</a></li><li class=' menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page'><a href='https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/publications/'>Publications</a></li><li class=' menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page'><a href='https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/archives/'>Archives</a></li><li class=" menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/newsletter">FREE NEWSLETTER</a> </li></ul></div> </div> <!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div> <!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="ad ad-container hidden-xs above-the-fold-unit-desktop top-ad" id="top-banner" style="height: 320px !important;"></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="breadcrumb-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <ul> <li> <span class="home-icon"></span><a href="//www.patheos.com/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="//www.patheos.com/topic/history-and-religion">History and Religion</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-8 col-lg-9"> <div id="post-7033" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-7033 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-christianity category-indigenous-religions tag-religion-in-u-s-history tag-seasonal-holidays tag-thanksgiving" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">November 22, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">The Thanksgiving Myth</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> November 22, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="7033 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=7033">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/11/Landing_of_the_Pilgrims_Causici-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>The Thanksgiving myth is the Thanksgiving story that we Americans were taught in school as history. But the story as commonly told isn’t exactly true. And for some Native Americans, Thanksgiving is a day of mourning. The traditional story is about the Pilgrims, who had sailed to the New World from Europe. Their ship the Mayflower landed in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in November 1620. The Pilgrims struggled to survive the winter, but they received help from the local Native Americans.... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/general-christian">General Christian</a></li> <li><a href="">Religious Events</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/indigenous-religions">Indigenous religions</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-in-u-s-history">Religion in U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/seasonal-holidays">Seasonal Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-7021" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-7021 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-buddhism tag-ashoka tag-ashoka-pillars tag-buddhism-in-india tag-international-day-of-tolerance" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">November 15, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Ashoka’s Edict on Religious Tolerance</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> November 15, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="7021 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=7021">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2023/05/Ashokas_visit_to_the_Ramagrama_stupa_Sanchi_Stupa_1_Southern_gateway-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>The first person in history known to have promoted religious tolerance was Ashoka the Great. Ashoka was emperor of a large portion of Asia from about 268 BCE until his death in 232 BCE. In honor of the International Day of Tolerance — November 16, as designated by the United Nations — l’d like to revisit his edict on religious tolerance, which is as relevant to us now as it was then. Ashoka the Great ruled the Mauryan Empire, which... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/ashoka">Ashoka</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/ashoka-pillars">Ashoka pillars</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/buddhism-in-india">Buddhism in India</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/international-day-of-tolerance">International Day of Tolerance</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6988" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6988 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-buddhism category-daoism tag-buddhism-in-the-west tag-religion-in-u-s-history" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">November 13, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/buddhism-and-the-california-gold-rush-wild-west-dharma/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Buddhism and the California Gold Rush: Wild West Dharma</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> November 13, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/buddhism-and-the-california-gold-rush-wild-west-dharma/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6988 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6988">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/buddhism-and-the-california-gold-rush-wild-west-dharma/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/11/Chinese-Miners-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>Buddhism and the California Gold Rush may be two things that don’t seem to go together. But it was the Gold Rush that first brought Buddhism to California. The California Gold Rush began in 1848, when gold was discovered at a sawmill north of San Francisco. The first <a href='https://www.patheos.com/library/buddhism' target='_blank'>Buddhist</a> temple in North America — and possibly the first outside of Asia, as far as I know — was built in San Francisco in 1853. And the second event came about... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/buddhism-and-the-california-gold-rush-wild-west-dharma/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="">Travel and Religion</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/daoism">Daoism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/buddhism-in-the-west">Buddhism in the West</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-in-u-s-history">Religion in U.S. history</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6936" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6936 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-origins-of-religion tag-ancient-religions tag-axial-age" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">October 15, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/10/law-and-morality-which-came-first/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Law and Morality: Which Came First?</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> October 15, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/10/law-and-morality-which-came-first/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6936 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6936">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/10/law-and-morality-which-came-first/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/10/480px-Code_of_Hammurabi-Sb_8-IMG_7755-gradient-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>There’s a common assumption that laws are based on morality and morality comes from religion. Therefore, laws have a religious basis. Further, whatever is widely considered to be immoral ought to be illegal. In truth, not all manner of things immoral are illegal (for example, lying to your spouse about where you were last night). It’s possible that there are behaviors that are illegal but not immoral, although off the top of my head I can’t think of a good... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/10/law-and-morality-which-came-first/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/more-voices">More Voices</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/origins-of-religion">Origins of religion</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/ancient-religions">Ancient religions</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/axial-age">Axial Age</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6879" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6879 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-hinduism tag-ancient-religions" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">September 27, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/who-were-the-aryans/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Who Were the Aryans?</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> September 27, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/who-were-the-aryans/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6879 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6879">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/who-were-the-aryans/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/09/640px-Vishnu_madhu_kaitabh-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>Who were the Aryans? The Aryans were an ancient people who spoke Sanskrit and gave us what are believed to be the world’s oldest living scriptures, the Vedas of Hinduism. They were “pastoral,” the anthropoligsts say, meaning they herded livestock. They were nomads who left us no cities to excavate or great monuments to admire. The literature they left us suggests they were a patriarchal and sometimes violent people. They prized their horses and probably introduced the horse-drawn chariot to... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/who-were-the-aryans/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/hindu">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/ancient-religions">Ancient religions</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6852" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6852 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-christianity category-religious-violence tag-catholicism tag-religion-in-u-s-history tag-wall-of-separation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">September 16, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/the-philadelphia-bible-riots-of-1844/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">The Philadelphia Bible Riots of 1844</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> September 16, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/the-philadelphia-bible-riots-of-1844/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6852 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6852">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/the-philadelphia-bible-riots-of-1844/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/09/riot-in-philadelphia-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>The Philadelphia Bible Riots of 1844 are also sometimes called the Philadelphia Nativist Riots. By whatever name, the Philadelphia Bible Riots were deadly and destructive. It’s estimated 20 people were killed in the violence and many more injured. Two Catholic churches, a seminary, and several private homes were set on fire and destroyed. The reason? A false rumor that Catholics were scheming to have the King James Bible removed from public schools. The Catholics in this case were recent immigrants... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/the-philadelphia-bible-riots-of-1844/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/general-christian">General Christian</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/religious-violence">Religious Violence</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/catholicism">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-in-u-s-history">Religion in U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/wall-of-separation">Wall of separation</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6807" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6807 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-christianity category-religion-and-politics tag-religion-and-politics tag-religion-in-u-s-history tag-wall-of-separation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">September 11, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/civil-religion-a-short-history/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Civil Religion: A Short History</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> September 11, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/civil-religion-a-short-history/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6807 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6807">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/civil-religion-a-short-history/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/09/Pledge_of_Allegiance_8142263331-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>Civil religion — sometimes calleed “civic religion” — is a term that is defined many ways. Most broadly, civil religion refers to the symbols and rituals that express patriotism, such as singing national anthems, and which work to bond the people of a nation together. In a way, civil religion sanctifies the values, aspirations, and spirit of a nation. In the U.S. we don’t talk about civil religion much, but it’s certainly part of our lives, especially when an important... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/civil-religion-a-short-history/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/general-christian">General Christian</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/religion-and-politics">Religion and politics</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-and-politics">Religion and politics</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-in-u-s-history">Religion in U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/wall-of-separation">Wall of separation</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6768" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6768 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-buddhism tag-buddhism-in-china tag-buddhism-in-japan" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">August 21, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/zen-and-the-martial-arts-a-short-history/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Zen and the Martial Arts: A Short History</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> August 21, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/zen-and-the-martial-arts-a-short-history/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6768 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6768">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/zen-and-the-martial-arts-a-short-history/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/08/640px-Kyudo_or_the_way_of_archery-cropped-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>Everyone knows that Zen and the martial arts go together, right? Well, sorta kinda. In some places. But not as much as you might think. This is not to say that there is no connection at all between Zen and the martial arts. Zen is the Japanese name of a school of <a href='https://www.patheos.com/library/buddhism' target='_blank'>Buddhism</a> that originated in China, where it is called Chan. According to legend if not well-documented history, Chan began in the fabled Shaolin Temple of China at the... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/zen-and-the-martial-arts-a-short-history/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="">Sports and Religion</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/buddhism-in-china">Buddhism in China</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/buddhism-in-japan">Buddhism in Japan</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6723" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6723 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-buddhism tag-buddhism-in-japan tag-mahayana-buddhism" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">August 1, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/the-marathon-monks-of-japan/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">The Marathon Monks of Japan</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> August 1, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/the-marathon-monks-of-japan/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6723 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6723">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/the-marathon-monks-of-japan/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/07/640px-Enryakuji_Shoro01n4272-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>The marathon monks of Enryakuji, a historic <a href='https://www.patheos.com/library/buddhism' target='_blank'>Buddhist</a> temple complex in Japan, are famous for a grueling physical and spiritual challenge that’s been called the world’s toughest ultramarathon. Enryakuji was built on Mount Hiei, overlooking Kyoto. Mount Hiei is covered by lush forests and winding trails. It is the headquarters of the Tendai school of Japanese <a href='https://www.patheos.com/library/buddhism' target='_blank'>Buddhism</a>. And for centuries the monks of Enryakuji have walked, jogged, and run those trails as part of a tradition called kaihogyo, the “practice... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/the-marathon-monks-of-japan/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/buddhism-in-japan">Buddhism in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/mahayana-buddhism">Mahayana Buddhism</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="post-6690" class="simple-post-container clearfix post-6690 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-christianity tag-establishment-clause tag-religion-and-current-events tag-religion-and-politics tag-religion-in-u-s-history tag-wall-of-separation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/" /> <span class="hide" itemprop="datePublished dateModified">July 10, 2024</span> <div class="hide" itemprop="publisher" itemscope id="patheos" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <a itemprop="url" href="//www.patheos.com/"> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img itemprop="url" src="//www.patheos.com/~/media/images/components/navigation/patheos/patheos-logo-header.png" alt="LOGO"> <meta itemprop="width" content="127"> <meta itemprop="height" content="38"> </span> <span itemprop="name">Patheos</span> <span itemprop="description">Explore the world's faith through different perspectives on religion and spirituality! Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world.</span> </a> </div> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/07/religious-liberty-and-josh-hawley/" rel="bookmark" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="headline">Religious Liberty and Josh Hawley</span></a></h1> <div class="post-info by-line"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar"></span> July 10, 2024 By <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/author/bobrien/"><span itemprop="author">Barbara O'Brien</span></a> <div class="divide-byline"></div> <i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/07/religious-liberty-and-josh-hawley/#comments-section"> <span class="dsq-postid" data-dsqidentifier="6690 https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/?p=6690">0 Comments</span> </a> </div> <div class="decorated-divider lg left"></div> <div class="image-container"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/07/religious-liberty-and-josh-hawley/"><img itemprop="image" class="no-lazy" src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/07/Josh_Hawley_52586920310-350x350.jpg" width="800" height="600" /></a> </div> <div class="entry-content clearfix overflow-text" itemprop="description"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><p>Religious Liberty and Josh Hawley don’t mix. The Republican U.S. Senator from Missouri has made it clear in speeches and in writing that he is opposed to the free exercise of religion if that religion isn’t Christianity. In fact, he has said that the freedom to think for ourselves is dangerous. And he thinks there is a “crisis” in America that’s been caused by a heretical 5th century monk. Senator Josh Hawley recently came out as a Christian Nationalist. Monday... <a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/07/religious-liberty-and-josh-hawley/" class="no-effect decorated-link" target="_blank"><span class="read-more">Read more</span></a></p> </div> <div class="post-meta"> <div class="row"> <div class="tagged-with-include-rss hidden"> <rad-tagged-with channel-name=History and Religion channel-link=https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion> <li><a href="//www.patheos.com/general-christian">General Christian</a></li> <li><a href="">Politics and Religion</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/category/christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/establishment-clause">Establishment Clause</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-and-current-events">Religion and current events</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-and-politics">Religion and politics</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/religion-in-u-s-history">Religion in U.S. history</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/tag/wall-of-separation">Wall of separation</a></li> </rad-tagged-with> </div> </div> </div> </div><div class="text-center"> <!-- Add class .pagination-lg for larger blocks or .pagination-sm for smaller blocks--> <ul class="pagination"> <li><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current">1</span></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/page/2/">2</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/page/3/">3</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/page/4/">4</a></li> <li><a class="page-numbers" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/page/5/">5</a></li> <li><a href="/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/page/2/" aria-label="Next"><span aria-hidden="true">»</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-4 col-lg-3 flex-right-rail"> <div id="mtc-rail" class="mtc-rail"></div> <div> <div class="rail-nl-signup"> <rad-newsletters-wordpress-simple blog-name="The Religious History Nerd" channel-name="History and Religion" blog-list-id="Wm" channel-list-id="57" source-desc="52" :is-default-channel="true" path-url="https://cr.patheos.com/admiral"> </rad-newsletters-wordpress-simple> </div><div class="widget-wrap simple-follow add-top-margin add-bottom-margin"> <div class="title fc-preview-contextmenu">Follow Us!</div> <div class="socialmedia-buttons"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/mahabarbara" rel="nofollow external" title="" class="ext-link" target="_blank"><img width="32" height="32" src="//media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/social/facebook.png" alt="Follow Us on Facebook" title="Follow Us on Facebook" style="opacity: 0.8; -moz-opacity: 0.8;" class="fade"></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/mahabarbara" rel="nofollow external" title="" class="ext-link" target="_blank"><img width="32" height="32" src="//media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/social/twitter.png" alt="Follow Us on Twitter" title="Follow Us on Twitter" style="opacity: 0.8; -moz-opacity: 0.8;" class="fade"></a> </div> </div> <hr> <form action="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd" method="get"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="text" name="s" class="form-control" placeholder="Search this blog..."> <span class="input-group-btn"> <input type="submit" value="Go!" class="btn btn-lg btn-prime-1" /> </span> </div> </form> <hr> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 buffer-bottom remove-padding"> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class=""> <hr> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-3"></div> <div class="section-title lined-title text-center type-color-prime-1"><span>Browse Our Archives</span></div> <div class="col-sm-3"></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-4 col-sm-offset-2 add-padding clearfix less-spacing related-content"> <select name="cat" class="col-xs-12 type-color-prime-1 increase-size title" onChange="document.location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;"> <option selected disabled>Select a Category</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=46">Buddhism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=7">Christianity</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=10">Daoism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=61">Hinduism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=488">Indigenous religions</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=115">Islam</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=67">Judaism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=118">Mysticism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=431">New Age</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=103">Origins of religion</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=402">Paganism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=306">Popes</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=351">Popular Religious Movements</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=169">Protestantism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=94">Religion and current events</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=160">Religion and News Media</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=229">Religion and politics</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=139">Religious Art and Music</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=256">Religious Freedom</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=208">Religious mistakes</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=157">Religious philosophy</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=205">Religious scriptures</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=76">Religious Violence</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=31">science and religion</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=354">Spiritualism</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=166">Technology and religion</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=34">The Catholic Church</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=345">The Dalai Lama</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=172">The Reformation</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd?cat=1">Uncategorized</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 add-padding clearfix less-spacing related-content"> <select class="col-xs-12 type-color-prime-1 increase-size title" onChange="document.location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;"> <option selected disabled>Select a Month</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/">November 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/10/">October 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/09/">September 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/08/">August 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/07/">July 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/06/">June 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/05/">May 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/04/">April 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/03/">March 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/02/">February 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/01/">January 2024</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/12/">December 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/11/">November 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/10/">October 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/09/">September 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/08/">August 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/07/">July 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/06/">June 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/05/">May 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/04/">April 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/03/">March 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/02/">February 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2023/01/">January 2023</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2022/12/">December 2022</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2022/11/">November 2022</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2022/10/">October 2022</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2022/09/">September 2022</option> <option value="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2022/08/">August 2022</option> </select> </div> </div> <hr> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 visible-xs-block"> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-lg-3 hidden-xs"> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8 col-lg-9 buffer-bottom remove-padding-mobile"> <div class="row"> <div class="section-title decorated">TRENDING AT PATHEOS History and Religion</div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="related-content related-content-md"> <div class="image-container"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/marginalia/2024/11/oz-a-story-of-ancient-initiation/"><img src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1624/2024/11/Screenshot-2024-11-24-at-2.35.48-PM-150x150.png" alt=""></a></div> <div class="title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/marginalia/2024/11/oz-a-story-of-ancient-initiation/">Oz: A Story Of Ancient Initiation</a></div> <div class="decorated-divider"></div> <div><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/marginalia/2024/11/oz-a-story-of-ancient-initiation/" class="no-effect">Oz: A Story Of Ancient Initiation On February 16, 1906, my...</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="related-content related-content-md"> <div class="image-container"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/"><img src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2024/11/Landing_of_the_Pilgrims_Causici-150x150.jpg" alt=""></a></div> <div class="title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/">The Thanksgiving Myth</a></div> <div class="decorated-divider"></div> <div><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/the-thanksgiving-myth/" class="no-effect">The Thanksgiving myth is the Thanksgiving story that we Americans were taught...</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="related-content related-content-md"> <div class="image-container"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/youmightberight/2024/11/myths-about-religious-deconstruction/"><img src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/2190/2024/11/25473-150x150.jpg" alt=""></a></div> <div class="title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/youmightberight/2024/11/myths-about-religious-deconstruction/">Myths About Religious Deconstruction</a></div> <div class="decorated-divider"></div> <div><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/youmightberight/2024/11/myths-about-religious-deconstruction/" class="no-effect">Do you wonder why people leave church? Just ask them. Do NOT...</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="related-content related-content-md"> <div class="image-container"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/"><img src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1525/2023/05/Ashokas_visit_to_the_Ramagrama_stupa_Sanchi_Stupa_1_Southern_gateway-150x150.jpg" alt=""></a></div> <div class="title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/">Ashoka's Edict on Religious Tolerance</a></div> <div class="decorated-divider"></div> <div><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/2024/11/ashokas-edict-on-religious-tolerance/" class="no-effect">The first person in history known to have promoted religious tolerance was...</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="related-content related-content-md"> <div class="image-container"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/youmightberight/2024/11/challenges-religious-deconstruction/"><img src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/2190/2024/11/pexels-mikegles-29180828-1-150x150.jpg" alt=""></a></div> <div class="title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/youmightberight/2024/11/challenges-religious-deconstruction/">Challenges of Religious Deconstruction</a></div> <div class="decorated-divider"></div> <div><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/youmightberight/2024/11/challenges-religious-deconstruction/" class="no-effect">Readers teach me a lot about the challenges of religious deconstruction. These...</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="related-content related-content-md"> <div class="image-container"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/marginalia/2024/10/mothers-daughters-prince-tyumen/"><img src="https://wp-media.patheos.com/blogs/sites/1624/2024/10/Screenshot-2024-10-18-at-4.51.31-PM-150x150.png" alt=""></a></div> <div class="title"><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/marginalia/2024/10/mothers-daughters-prince-tyumen/">Mothers & Daughters: Prince Tyumen</a></div> <div class="decorated-divider"></div> <div><a href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/marginalia/2024/10/mothers-daughters-prince-tyumen/" class="no-effect">PRINCE TYUMEN July 1842.[1] These were the times when...</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row col-sm-12"> <a href="https://www.patheos.com/history-and-religion" class="btn btn-sm btn-prime-2">view all History and Religion blogs</a> </div> </div> </div><!-- END WHITE SOLID --> </div><!-- END THEME --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.bnm = window.bnm || {}; window.bnm.performance = window.bnm.performance || {}; window.bnm.performance.domReady = new Date(); </script> <div id="site-footer-2022"> <div class="container"> <div class="extras-block mobile"> <div class="footer-social-icons"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Patheos/"><img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/Patheos-Facebook-Icon.svg" alt="Patheos on Facebook" class="icon"></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5u2f85lX38wm6NEne5pXFw"><img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/Patheos-YouTube-Icon.svg" alt="Patheos on YouTube" class="icon"></a> </div> <rad-admiral-login anchor-class="ad-free-login"> <img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/profile-icon.svg" alt="" width="29" height="29">Ad-Free & Subscriber Log-In </rad-admiral-login> <a href="mailto:support@getadmiral.com?subject=Patheos Subscription Support" class="subscription-support">Subscription Support</a> </div> <div class="footer-nav-links"> <ul> <li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/about-patheos">About Us</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/editorial/videos">Videos</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/editorial/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/library">Library of World Religions</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/about-patheos/advertising">Advertise With Us</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/write-for-us">Write for Us</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/terms-of-use">Terms of Service</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://privacyportal.cookiepro.com/webform/8becd7f7-c923-4cd4-814a-e08c34baf60b/draft/f9dd159d-d007-43b0-a267-2b05605a52c3">Do Not Sell My Data</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/about-patheos">Contact Us</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.radiantdigital.com/">Radiant Digital</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/subscribe/preference-center">Manage Newsletter Subscriptions</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/push-notifications">Unsubscribe From Notifications</a></li><li><a class="dropdown-Item" href="https://www.patheos.com/sitemaps">Sitemap</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="logo-block"> <div class="footer-logo"></div> Copyright 2008-2023, Patheos. All rights reserved. </div> <div class="extras-block"> <a href="mailto:support@getadmiral.com?subject=Patheos Subscription Support" class="subscription-support">Subscription Support</a> <rad-admiral-login anchor-class="ad-free-login"> <img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/profile-icon.svg" alt="" width="29" height="29">Ad-Free & Subscriber Log-In </rad-admiral-login> <div class="footer-social-icons"> <span>Follow Patheos</span> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Patheos/"><img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/Patheos-Facebook-Icon.svg" alt="Patheos on Facebook" class="icon"></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5u2f85lX38wm6NEne5pXFw"><img src="https://media.patheos.com/~/media/patheos-images/images/components/icons/Patheos-YouTube-Icon.svg" alt="Patheos on YouTube" class="icon"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Font Imports --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Abril+Fatface|Montserrat:400,700|Open+Sans+Condensed:300,700|Vollkorn:400,400i,700,700i&display=optional" crossorigin /> <!-- End Font Imports --> <!-- Begin Load JavaScript --> <script type="text/javascript"> bnm = bnm || {}; bnm.ready = bnm.ready || false; if(bnm.ready === false) { // Set value to true bnm.ready = true; // Create the event var event = new CustomEvent("patheos.documentready"); // Dispatch/Trigger/Fire the event document.dispatchEvent(event); } </script> <!-- End Load JavaScript --> <script type="text/javascript"> !function (f, b, e, v, n, t, s) { if (f.fbq) return; n = f.fbq = function () { n.callMethod ? n.callMethod.apply(n, arguments) : n.queue.push(arguments) }; if (!f._fbq) f._fbq = n; n.push = n; n.loaded = !0; n.version = '2.0'; n.queue = []; t = b.createElement(e); t.async = !0; t.src = v; s = b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t, s) }(window, document, 'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '1510929182549648'); fbq('track', 'PageView', { fbc: '', fbp: ''}, { eventID: '6743f72bce591' }); </script> <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1510929182549648&ev=PageView&eid=6743f72bce591&ud[fbp]=&ud[fbc]=&noscript=1" /> </noscript> <script type="text/javascript"> var xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlHttp.open("POST", "https://www.patheos.com/ptapi/pageload/event", true); xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8"); xmlHttp.send(JSON.stringify({ "Referer": window.location.href, "EventID": "6743f72bce591" })); </script> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/css/main.min.css?v=2ae01aa6cedbb1aa498df75480a38ac0" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/css/main.min.css?v=2ae01aa6cedbb1aa498df75480a38ac0"></noscript> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/css/fontawesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/css/fontawesome.min.css"></noscript> <link rel='stylesheet' id='popular-posts-css-css' href='https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/wp-content/plugins/patheos-info/assets/css/popular-posts.css?ver=6.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type='text/javascript' id='disqus_count-js-extra'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var countVars = {"disqusShortname":"religious-history-nerd"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.patheos.com/blogs/thereligioushistorynerd/wp-content/plugins/disqus-comment-system/public/js/comment_count.js?ver=3.0.17' id='disqus_count-js'></script> <script type="module" src="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/app/dist/js/chunk-vendors.463729d9.js"></script> <script type="module" src="https://www.patheos.com/blogs/wp-content/themes/Patheos%20TwentySeventeen/assets/app/dist/js/app.aa252f13.js"></script> <!-- <script> ! function() { var e = document, t = e.createElement("script"); if (!("noModule" in t) && "onbeforeload" in t) { var n = !1; e.addEventListener("beforeload", function(e) { if (e.target === t) n = !0; else if (!e.target.hasAttribute("nomodule") || !n) return; e.preventDefault() }, !0), t.type = "module", t.src = ".", e.head.appendChild(t), t.remove() } }(); </script> --> <script src="" nomodule></script> <script src="" nomodule></script> <script type='text/javascript'> window.rad = window.rad || {}; window.rad.ads = window.rad.ads || {}; window.rad.ads.preload = {"pageConfig":{"hierarchy":"\/29966721\/PATH\/history-and-religion\/thereligioushistorynerd","tags":null,"contentid":"1525","title":"The Thanksgiving Myth","type":"other","channel":"History and Religion","audience":[],"ministry":null,"political":"","category":"","disabled":false,"enableHeaderBidding":true,"enableAdmiral":true,"enableOptimera":true,"admiralAdFreeOfferIds":["5d3f6796da6fa95e8589a652","5e45c46f0cb01b0d8a4a3a1a","5d3f66970cb01b379f35f8df","5e45c42d5c443b73b53cc7a5","623b4296cf541f46827b865d"],"cookieConsentDomainId":"3f93598f-6412-4eae-a452-60ccd114b1eb","creativeConfigInsertLocationIds":["writer-theme-logo","patheos-main-nav"],"creativeConfigNavId":"patheos-main-nav","creativeConfigEnableScrollingNav":false,"analyticsTrackingId":"UA-6605286-6","customTargeting":[{"key":"p_channel","value":"History and Religion"},{"key":"faiths","value":["General Christian"]},{"key":"topics","value":["History and Religion","Religious Events"]}],"prebidAdapters":{"pubmatic":{"publisherId":"159758","pubmaticAdSlots":[{"id":"3214316","size":[300,250],"mobile":false},{"id":"3214317","size":[728,90],"mobile":false},{"id":"3214318","size":[300,600],"mobile":false},{"id":"3214319","size":[970,250],"mobile":false},{"id":"3214320","size":[300,100],"mobile":true},{"id":"3214321","size":[320,50],"mobile":true},{"id":"3214322","size":[300,250],"mobile":true}]},"appnexus":{"placementId":26373425,"adSizes":[[970,250],[300,600],[300,250],[320,50],[160,600],[728,90],[300,100],[468,60]]},"rubicon":{"accountId":24710,"siteId":432530,"zoneId":2474518}},"ipApiKey":"oQJeoTOiJjO6efS"}}; </script> <script id="parsely-cfg" src="//cdn.parsely.com/keys/patheos.com/p.js" async></script> </body> </html>