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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mineraalide_struktuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mineraalide_struktuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mineraalide struktuur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mineraalide_struktuur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa "Mineraalide struktuur"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mineraalide_struktuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kristallide_kuju" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kristallide_kuju"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Kristallide kuju</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kristallide_kuju-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kristalliagregaatide_kuju" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kristalliagregaatide_kuju"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Kristalliagregaatide kuju</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kristalliagregaatide_kuju-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mineraalide_teke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mineraalide_teke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mineraalide teke</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mineraalide_teke-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa "Mineraalide teke"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mineraalide_teke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Endogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Endogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Endogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Endogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Eksogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mineraalide_omadused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mineraalide_omadused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mineraalide omadused</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mineraalide_omadused-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa "Mineraalide omadused"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mineraalide_omadused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Värvus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Värvus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Värvus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Värvus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tihedus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tihedus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tihedus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tihedus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kõvadus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kõvadus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Kõvadus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kõvadus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Läige" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Läige"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Läige</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Läige-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Läbipaistvus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Läbipaistvus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Läbipaistvus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Läbipaistvus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murdepind" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murdepind"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Murdepind</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murdepind-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lõhenevus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lõhenevus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Lõhenevus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lõhenevus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muud_omadused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muud_omadused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Muud omadused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muud_omadused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mineraalide_klassifitseerimine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mineraalide_klassifitseerimine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mineraalide klassifitseerimine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mineraalide_klassifitseerimine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirjandus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirjandus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kirjandus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirjandus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mineraal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 139 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – afrikaani" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – šveitsisaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="šveitsisaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86" title="معدن – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معدن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – aragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralu" title="Mineralu – aromuuni" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Mineralu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromuuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="খনিজ পদাৰ্থ – assami" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="খনিজ পদাৰ্থ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – astuuria" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astuuria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27ehekove%27%E1%BB%B9va" title="Mba'ehekove'ỹva – guaranii" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'ehekove'ỹva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaranii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – avaari" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avaari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87" title="معدنی ماده – lõunaaserbaidžaani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="معدنی ماده" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="lõunaaserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C" title="খনিজ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খনিজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B2ng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Khòng-bu̍t – lõunamini" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khòng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="lõunamini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – baškiiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškiiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мінерал – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мінерал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мінэрал – valgevene (taraškievitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мінэрал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="valgevene (taraškievitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – bihaari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihaari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="eeskujulik artikkel"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maenad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – tšuvaši" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tšuvaši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C3%A1l" title="Minerál – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Minerál" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muchegwa" title="Muchegwa – šona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muchegwa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwyn" title="Mwyn – kõmri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mwyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kõmri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Ορυκτό – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ορυκτό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralo" title="Mineralo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mineralo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – estremenju" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremenju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کانی – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Fidži hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fidži hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%A9ral" title="Minéral – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Minéral" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – läänefriisi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="läänefriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mianra" title="Mianra – iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mianra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EB%AC%BC" title="광물 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Միներալ – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միներալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerali" title="Minerali – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Minerali" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralo" title="Mineralo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mineralo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Minerale" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izimbiwa" title="Izimbiwa – koosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Izimbiwa" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="koosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMbiwa" title="IMbiwa – suulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IMbiwa" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="suulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steind" title="Steind – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Steind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minerale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%9C" title="מינרל – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מינרל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – jaava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jaava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91%C9%A9%C9%A3l%C9%A9m_t%C9%9Bt%CA%8A" title="Ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ – kabije" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabije" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C" title="ಖನಿಜ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖನಿಜ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მინერალები – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მინერალები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – kirgiisi" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madini" title="Madini – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Madini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%A9ral" title="Minéral – Guajaana kreoolkeel" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Minéral" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guajaana kreoolkeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AE%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ແຮ່ທາດ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແຮ່ທາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Minerale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="hea artikkel"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C4%81ls" title="Minerāls – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Minerāls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralas" title="Mineralas – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mineralas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraj" title="Mineraj – lombardi" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mineraj" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sv%C3%A1ny_(anyag)" title="Ásvány (anyag) – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ásvány (anyag)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraly" title="Mineraly – malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mineraly" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81" title="ധാതു – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ധാതു" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Эрдэс – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эрдэс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%BD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="တွင်းထွက်ပစ္စည်း – birma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တွင်းထွက်ပစ္စည်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal_(geologie)" title="Mineraal (geologie) – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mineraal (geologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="खनिज – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="खनिज" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%B1%E7%89%A9" title="鉱物 – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鉱物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – põhjafriisi" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="põhjafriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerau" title="Minerau – oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Minerau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – usbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C" title="ਖਣਿਜ – pandžabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖਣਿਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="معدنیات – lahnda" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="معدنیات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="lahnda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84" title="منرال – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منرال" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaral" title="Minaral – Jamaica kreoolkeel" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Minaral" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaica kreoolkeel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – alamsaksa" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alamsaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minera%C5%82" title="Minerał – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minerał" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – karakalpaki" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiqlla" title="Qiqlla – ketšua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qiqlla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ketšua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Мінералы – russiini" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мінералы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="russiini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/si%27elac" title="si'elac – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="si'elac" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%83" title="खानिजः – sanskriti" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="खानिजः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskriti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeneral" title="Meeneral – šoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Meeneral" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="šoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerali" title="Minerali – albaania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Minerali" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minirali" title="Minirali – sitsiilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Minirali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sitsiilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9B%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A2" title="ඛනිජ – singali" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඛනිජ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C3%A1l" title="Minerál – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Minerál" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macdan" title="Macdan – somaali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Macdan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="کانزایی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کانزایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Минерал – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Минерал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerali" title="Minerali – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Minerali" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraali" title="Mineraali – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mineraali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C9%A3uz" title="Amɣuz – šilha" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Amɣuz" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="šilha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – tagalogi" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கனிமம் – tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கனிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/bblbaliq" title="bblbaliq – atajali" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="bblbaliq" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="atajali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="ఖనిజం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖనిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88" title="แร่ – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แร่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kho%C3%A1ng_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Khoáng vật – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoáng vật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%99_%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%B3%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%85" title="ᎦᏙ ᏂᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ – tšerokii" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎦᏙ ᏂᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="tšerokii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8A" title="ಕನಿಜೊ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕನಿಜೊ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мінерал – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мінерал" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86" title="معدن – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معدن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gvangvuz" title="Gvangvuz – tšuangi" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gvangvuz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="tšuangi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – vepsa" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mineraal" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="礦物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C" title="מינעראל – jidiši" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מינעראל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiši" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="礦物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerals" title="Minerals – žemaidi" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Minerals" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="礦物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Mineral" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7946#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arutelu:Mineraal" rel="discussion" title="Arutelu selle lehekülje sisu kohta [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Arutelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=history"><span>Näita ajalugu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Üldine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Lingid_siia/Mineraal" title="Kõik viki leheküljed, mis siia viitavad [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lingid siia</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Seotud_muudatused/Mineraal" rel="nofollow" title="Viimased muudatused lehekülgedel, millele on siit viidatud [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seotud muudatused</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Erilehek%C3%BCljed" title="Erilehekülgede loend [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Erileheküljed</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&oldid=6479793" title="Püsilink lehekülje sellele redaktsioonile"><span>Püsilink</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=info" title="Lisateave selle lehekülje kohta"><span>Lehekülje teave</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:Sellele_lehek%C3%BCljele_viitamine&page=Mineraal&id=6479793&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Teave sellele leheküljele viitamise kohta"><span>Viita leheküljele</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMineraal"><span>Hangi lühendatud URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fet.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMineraal"><span>Laadi alla QR-kood</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Teistes projektides </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mineral" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mineraal" hreflang="et"><span>Vikitsitaadid</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7946" title="Link andmehoidla seonduva üksuse juurde [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Andmeüksus</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lehekülje tööriistad"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Ilme"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ilme</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">peida</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Different_minerals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Different_minerals.jpg/220px-Different_minerals.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Different_minerals.jpg/330px-Different_minerals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Different_minerals.jpg/440px-Different_minerals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Erinevad mineraalid</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mineraal</b> on kindla, kuid mitte fikseeritud <a href="/wiki/Keemia" title="Keemia">keemilise</a> koostise ja enamasti <a href="/wiki/Kristall" title="Kristall">kristallilise</a> struktuuriga <a href="/wiki/Loodus" title="Loodus">looduslikult</a> esinev <a href="/wiki/Anorgaaniline_aine" title="Anorgaaniline aine">anorgaaniline</a> <a href="/wiki/Tahkis" title="Tahkis">tahke</a> aine. Mineraali mõiste ei ole siiski selgepiiriline: ükski mainitud tunnustest ei ole mineraalidele alati kohustuslik. </p><p>Mineraale eristab <a href="/wiki/Kivimid" class="mw-redirect" title="Kivimid">kivimitest</a> see, et neil on kindel või kindlates piirides muutuv keemiline koostis. Kivimid koosnevad mineraalidest. Erandjuhtudel võib kivim koosneda vaid ühest mineraalist, näiteks <a href="/wiki/Lubjakivi" title="Lubjakivi">lubjakivi</a>, mis koosneb <a href="/wiki/Kaltsiit" title="Kaltsiit">kaltsiidist</a>. Mineraalid on homogeensed. See tähendab seda, et mehaaniliselt saab neid jaotada vaid väiksemateks mineraaliteradeks. </p><p>Mineraal peab esinema <a href="/wiki/Loodus" title="Loodus">looduses</a>. Näiteks <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6stus" title="Tööstus">tööstuslikult</a> toodetud <a href="/wiki/Teemant" title="Teemant">teemante</a> ei loeta mineraalide hulka kuuluvaiks. </p><p>Tavaliselt peetakse mineraalidele kohustuslikuks kindlat kristallistruktuuri. Siiski peetakse mineraaliks ka <a href="/wiki/Opaal" title="Opaal">opaali</a>, mis on <a href="/wiki/Amorfsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Amorfsus">amorfne</a> aine ehk väga <a href="/wiki/Viskoossus" title="Viskoossus">viskoosne</a> <a href="/wiki/Vedelik" title="Vedelik">vedelik</a>. </p><p>Mineraalid peavad olema anorgaanilised ained. Näiteks <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5levkivi" title="Põlevkivi">põlevkivi</a> ei ole mineraal. </p><p>Mineraalid peavad olema tahked. <a href="/wiki/Vedelik" title="Vedelik">Vedel</a> <a href="/wiki/Vesi" title="Vesi">vesi</a> ei ole mineraal, kuid <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Jää">jää</a> täidab kõik mineraalidele esitatavad tingimused. </p><p>Mineraale uurivat <a href="/wiki/Teadusharu" title="Teadusharu">teadusharu</a> nimetatakse <a href="/wiki/Mineraloogia" title="Mineraloogia">mineraloogiaks</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mineraalide_struktuur">Mineraalide struktuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide struktuur"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide struktuur" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mineraalid koosnevad <a href="/wiki/Keemiline_element" title="Keemiline element">keemilistest elementidest</a> ja nende <a href="/wiki/Keemiline_%C3%BChend" title="Keemiline ühend">ühenditest</a>, mida hoiavad koos <a href="/wiki/Keemiline_side" title="Keemiline side">keemilised sidemed</a>. 90% mineraalidest on seotud <a href="/wiki/Iooniline_side" title="Iooniline side">iooniliste sidemetega</a>, ülejäänud on seotud <a href="/wiki/Kovalentne_side" title="Kovalentne side">kovalentse</a> või <a href="/wiki/Metalliline_side" title="Metalliline side">metallilise sidemega</a>. Enamiku mineraalide struktuuris on esindatud mitu sidemeliiki. </p><p>Mineraali <a href="/wiki/Keemiline_valem" title="Keemiline valem">keemiline valem</a> on sageli kindlates piirides muutuv. Sel juhul on tegemist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isomorfism_(keemia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isomorfism (keemia) (pole veel kirjutatud)">isomorfismiga</a>: <a href="/wiki/Keemiline_element" title="Keemiline element">elemendid</a> asendavad üksteist kristallstruktuuris. Seega muutub isomorfismi korral mineraali koostis, kuid mitte struktuur. </p><p>Mineraali kristallstruktuuri muutumist sama koostise juures nimetatakse <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%BCmorfism_(mineraloogia)" title="Polümorfism (mineraloogia)">polümorfismiks</a>. Polümorfsed on näiteks <a href="/wiki/Teemant" title="Teemant">teemant</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Grafiit" title="Grafiit">grafiit</a>. </p><p>Mõnikord võivad <a href="/wiki/Aatom" title="Aatom">aatomid</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Ioon" title="Ioon">ioonid</a> paikneda korrapäratult. Selliseid mineraale nimetatakse amorfseteks. Amorfne mineraal on näiteks <a href="/wiki/Opaal" title="Opaal">opaal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kristallide_kuju">Kristallide kuju</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kristallide kuju"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kristallide kuju" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kristalli väliskuju kordab tema siseehituse ehk kristallistruktuuri kuju. Kristallide väliskuju iseloomustatakse näiteks järgmiste sõnade abil: </p> <ul><li>kiudjas,</li> <li>leheline,</li> <li>tahveljas,</li> <li>tulpjas,</li> <li>isomeetriline,</li> <li>nõeljas.</li></ul> <p>Kristallidel on 32 lihtvormi. Nende omavahelisel kombineerimisel saame praktiliselt lõputu hulga erineva kujuga mineraale. </p><p>Kristallstruktuuri uurimise ja kirjeldamisega tegeleb <a href="/wiki/Kristallograafia" title="Kristallograafia">kristallograafia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kristalliagregaatide_kuju">Kristalliagregaatide kuju</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Kristalliagregaatide kuju"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Kristalliagregaatide kuju" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristalliagregaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristalliagregaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kristalliagregaadid</a> on üksteisega korrapäratult kokkukasvanud mineraalid. </p><p>Levinumaid agregaate: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dendriit_(geoloogia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dendriit (geoloogia) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Dendriit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekretsioon_(geoloogia)" title="Sekretsioon (geoloogia)">Sekretsioon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konkretsioon_(geoloogia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konkretsioon (geoloogia) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Konkretsioon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Druus_(geoloogia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Druus (geoloogia) (pole veel kirjutatud)">Druus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%B5rg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nõrg (pole veel kirjutatud)">Nõrg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neerjas_agregaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neerjas agregaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Neerjas agregaat</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peitkristalne_agregaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peitkristalne agregaat (pole veel kirjutatud)">Peitkristalseteks</a> nimetatakse agregaate, milles mineraali terasuurus on alla 0,1 mm (alla inimsilma <a href="/wiki/Lahutusv%C3%B5ime" title="Lahutusvõime">lahutusvõime</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mineraalide_teke">Mineraalide teke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide teke"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide teke" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mineraalide teket jaotatakse sarnaselt teiste geoloogiliste protsessidega endogeenseks ja eksogeenseks. <a href="/wiki/Maakoor" title="Maakoor">Maakoore</a> osa maapinnast kuni <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5hjavesi" title="Põhjavesi">põhjavee</a> alumise piirini nimetatakse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksosf%C3%A4%C3%A4r_(geoloogia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksosfäär (geoloogia) (pole veel kirjutatud)">eksosfääriks</a> ja seal kulgevaid protsesse eksogeenseiks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Endogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid">Endogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Endogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Endogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Endogeensete mineraalide lähteaineks on <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magma</a>, milles keemilised elemendid ja ühendid esinevad gaasilises, tahkes ja vedelas <a href="/wiki/Agregaatolek" title="Agregaatolek">faasis</a>. Magmas levinud keemilised elemendid, nende sisalduse vähenemise järjekorras on <a href="/wiki/Hapnik" title="Hapnik">O</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ni" title="Räni">Si</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alumiinium" title="Alumiinium">Al</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magneesium" title="Magneesium">Mg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raud" title="Raud">Fe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaltsium" title="Kaltsium">Ca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naatrium" title="Naatrium">Na</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Kaalium" title="Kaalium">K</a>. Räni ja hapnik on ainsad elemendid, mis esinevad kõigis <a href="/wiki/Tardkivim" title="Tardkivim">tardkivimeis</a>. Erinevad mineraalid <a href="/wiki/Kristalliseerumine" title="Kristalliseerumine">kristalliseeruvad</a> magmast erineval temperatuuril. Seda protsessi kirjeldavat skeemi nimetatakse <a href="/wiki/Boweni_skeem" title="Boweni skeem">Boweni skeemiks</a>. </p><p>Endogeenseid mineraalitekke protsessid jagunevad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pneumatol%C3%BC%C3%BCt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pneumatolüüt (pole veel kirjutatud)">pneumatolüütiliseks</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdroterm" class="mw-redirect" title="Hüdroterm">hüdrotermaalseks</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Moone_(geoloogia)" title="Moone (geoloogia)">moondelisteks</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eksogeensed_mineraalitekke_protsessid">Eksogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Eksogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Eksogeensed mineraalitekke protsessid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eksogeensete mineraalide tekkele teeb enamasti teed füüsikaline murenemine ehk <a href="/wiki/Rabenemine" title="Rabenemine">rabenemine</a>, mis küll ei tekita uusi mineraale, kuid peenestades materjali teeb hõlpsamaks selle <a href="/wiki/Porsumine" title="Porsumine">porsumise</a> ehk keemilise murenemise. Porsumise käigus tekivad mineraalidest uued mineraalid, mis on antud tingimustes vastupidavamad. Tähtsamad porsumise alaliigid on: <a href="/wiki/Oks%C3%BCdeerumine" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksüdeerumine">oksüdeerumine</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdrol%C3%BC%C3%BCs" title="Hüdrolüüs">hüdrolüüs</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdratatsioon" title="Hüdratatsioon">hüdratatsioon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbonatiseerumine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbonatiseerumine (pole veel kirjutatud)">karbonatiseerumine</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfaadistumine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfaadistumine (pole veel kirjutatud)">sulfaadistumine</a>. Kerglahustuvad <a href="/wiki/Leelismetall" class="mw-redirect" title="Leelismetall">leelis-</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Leelismuldmetall" class="mw-redirect" title="Leelismuldmetall">leelismuldmetallide</a> ühendid kantakse põhjaveega murenemispaigast minema. Rasklahustuvad alumiiniumi, raua, räni jne ühendid aga ladestuvad murenemispaigas, moodustades <a href="/wiki/Murenemiskoorik" title="Murenemiskoorik">murenemiskooriku</a>. Endogeense tekkega mineraalide vastupidavus murenemisele on vastupidine Boweni skeemi kristalliseerumisjärjekorrale. Seega on näiteks oliviin kergemini murendatav kui päevakivid, millest omakorda on kvarts vastupidavam. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mineraalide_omadused">Mineraalide omadused</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide omadused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide omadused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mineraali omadused on konkreetsele mineraalile iseloomulikud tunnused, mis aitavad teda identifitseerida. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Värvus"><span id="V.C3.A4rvus"></span>Värvus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Värvus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=8" title="Muuda alaosa "Värvus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:ChalcedonLight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/ChalcedonLight.jpg/220px-ChalcedonLight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/ChalcedonLight.jpg/330px-ChalcedonLight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/ChalcedonLight.jpg/440px-ChalcedonLight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kaltsedon" title="Kaltsedon">Kaltsedon</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rvus" title="Värvus">Värvuse</a> määrab mineraalilt <a href="/wiki/Peegeldumine" title="Peegeldumine">peegeldunud</a> või selle läbinud <a href="/wiki/Valgus" title="Valgus">valguse</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Optiline_spekter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optiline spekter (pole veel kirjutatud)">spekter</a>. Värvus ei ole enamasti hea tunnus mineraali määramiseks, sest üks mineraal võib esineda väga erivärvilisena. Näiteks <a href="/wiki/Kaltsedon" title="Kaltsedon">kaltsedon</a> on tavaliselt helesinist värvi, kuid ta võib olla ka näiteks punane. </p><p>Mineraali värvusest vähem varieerub tema <a href="/wiki/Kriips_(mineraloogia)" title="Kriips (mineraloogia)">kriipsu</a> värvus. Kriipsu all mõistame siin mineraaliga keraamilise plaadi peale tõmmatud joont. Joon ei ole mitte kriimustus plaadil, vaid selle mineraali puru, millega joont tõmmatakse. Näiteks <a href="/wiki/Hematiit" title="Hematiit">hematiit</a> jätab alati punakaspruuni kriipsu, rohekaskollase pinnaga <a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCriit" title="Püriit">püriit</a> (kassikuld) rohekasmusta kriipsu. Puru tekib sellepärast, et keraamiline plaat deformeerib mineraali, millega joont tõmmatakse. Keraamilise plaadi <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5vadus" title="Kõvadus">kõvadus</a> on <a href="/wiki/Mohsi_skaala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohsi skaala">Mohsi skaalal</a> 6, seega ei saa kriipsu tõmmata mineraaliga, mille kõvadus seda väärtust ületab, sest ei ole võimalik deformeerida plaadist kõvemat mineraali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tihedus">Tihedus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Tihedus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=9" title="Muuda alaosa "Tihedus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mineraali <a href="/wiki/Tihedus" title="Tihedus">tihedus</a> on tema <a href="/wiki/Mass" title="Mass">massi</a> suhe <a href="/wiki/Ruumala" title="Ruumala">ruumalasse</a>. Erinevate mineraalide tihedused ulatuvad 0,9 g/cm² (jää) kuni 23 g/cm² (<a href="/wiki/Iriidium" title="Iriidium">iriidiumiühendid</a>). </p><p>Tihedus sõltub mineraali moodustavate elementide <a href="/wiki/Aatommass" title="Aatommass">aatommassidest</a> ja osakeste tihedusest kristallstruktuuris. </p><p>Mineraalide tiheduse hindamiseks kasutatav mõõtühik on g/cm³. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kõvadus"><span id="K.C3.B5vadus"></span>Kõvadus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Kõvadus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=10" title="Muuda alaosa "Kõvadus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Diamond-dimd15a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Diamond-dimd15a.jpg/220px-Diamond-dimd15a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Diamond-dimd15a.jpg/330px-Diamond-dimd15a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Diamond-dimd15a.jpg/440px-Diamond-dimd15a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="488" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Teemant" title="Teemant">Teemant</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5vadus" title="Kõvadus">Kõvadus</a> on mineraali vastupanuvõime välisele deformeerivale mõjule. Suurema kõvadusega mineraaliga saab teisi mineraale kriimustada. Sel põhjusel kasutatakse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaasinuga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaasinuga (pole veel kirjutatud)">klaasinugade</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hambapuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hambapuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">hambapuuride</a> valmistamiseks <a href="/wiki/Teemant" title="Teemant">teemanti</a>, mis on kõige kõvem mineraal. Kõvadus sõltub mineraali keemilistest sidemetest. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Absoluutne_k%C3%B5vadus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Absoluutne kõvadus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Absoluutse ehk mikrokõvaduse</a> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B5%C3%B5t%C3%BChik" title="Mõõtühik">mõõtühik</a> on kg/mm² </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suhteline_k%C3%B5vadus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suhteline kõvadus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Suhtelist kõvadust</a> mõõdetakse <a href="/wiki/Mohsi_skaala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohsi skaala">Mohsi skaalal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Läige"><span id="L.C3.A4ige"></span>Läige</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Läige"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=11" title="Muuda alaosa "Läige" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/12px-Next.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/18px-Next.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/24px-Next.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> <i>Pikemalt artiklis <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4ige" title="Läige">Läige</a></i></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4ige" title="Läige">Läige</a> tekib mineraali tasaselt pinnalt <a href="/wiki/Peegeldumine" title="Peegeldumine">peegeldunud</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valguse_hajumine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valguse hajumine (pole veel kirjutatud)">hajunud</a> valgusest. </p><p>Läige sõltub mineraali absorptsioonist ehk <a href="/wiki/Valguse_neeldumine" title="Valguse neeldumine">valguse neeldumisest</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4bipaistvus" title="Läbipaistvus">läbipaistvusest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murdumisn%C3%A4itaja" title="Murdumisnäitaja">murdumisnäitajast</a> ja pealispinna omadustest. Mõju on ka kivi <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rvus" title="Värvus">värvusel</a>. </p><p>Eristatakse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metalne_l%C3%A4ige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metalne läige (pole veel kirjutatud)">metalset</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mittemetalne_l%C3%A4ige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mittemetalne läige (pole veel kirjutatud)">mittemetalset läiget</a>, nende vahele jääb veel ka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poolmetalne_l%C3%A4ige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poolmetalne läige (pole veel kirjutatud)">poolmetalne läige</a>. Mittemetalne läige jaotub omakorda mitmeks eri tüüpi läikeks. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murdepind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murdepind (pole veel kirjutatud)">Murdepindadel</a> enamasti läige puudub. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Bournonite-Pyrite-mz208b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bournonite-Pyrite-mz208b.jpg/220px-Bournonite-Pyrite-mz208b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bournonite-Pyrite-mz208b.jpg/330px-Bournonite-Pyrite-mz208b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Bournonite-Pyrite-mz208b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="364" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCriit" title="Püriit">Püriit</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Näited: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metallil%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Metalliläige">Metalliläige</a> (<a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCriit" title="Püriit">püriit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poolmetalne_l%C3%A4ige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poolmetalne läige (pole veel kirjutatud)">Poolmetalne läige</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grafiit" title="Grafiit">grafiit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hematiit" title="Hematiit">hematiit</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaasil%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Klaasiläige">Klaasiläige</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kvarts" title="Kvarts">kvarts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kivisool" class="mw-redirect" title="Kivisool">kivisool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karbonaadid" title="Karbonaadid">karbonaadid</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teemandil%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Teemandiläige">Teemandiläige</a> (<a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4vel" title="Väävel">väävel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4rlmutril%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Pärlmutriläige">Pärlmutriläige</a> – esineb <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kihiline_struktuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kihiline struktuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">kihilise struktuuriga</a> mineraalidel (<a href="/wiki/Vilgud" title="Vilgud">vilgud</a>, plaatjas <a href="/wiki/Kips" title="Kips">kips</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siidil%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Siidiläige">Siidiläige</a> – on omane <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiuline_struktuur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiuline struktuur (pole veel kirjutatud)">kiulise struktuuriga</a> mineraalidele (<a href="/wiki/Asbest" title="Asbest">asbest</a>, kiuline kips)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vahal%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Vahaläige">Vahaläige</a> (<a href="/wiki/Opaal" title="Opaal">opaal</a>, kaltsedon)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuhm_l%C3%A4ige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuhm läige (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tuhm ehk matjas läige</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kaoliin" title="Kaoliin">kaoliin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasval%C3%A4ige" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasvaläige">Rasvaläige</a> (<a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4vel" title="Väävel">väävel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nefeliin" title="Nefeliin">nefeliin</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Läbipaistvus"><span id="L.C3.A4bipaistvus"></span>Läbipaistvus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Muuda alaosa "Läbipaistvus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=12" title="Muuda alaosa "Läbipaistvus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/12px-Next.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/18px-Next.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/24px-Next.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> <i>Pikemalt artiklis <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4bipaistvus" title="Läbipaistvus">Läbipaistvus</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Mineraal on läbipaistev, kui osa temale langenud valgusest läbistab mineraali. Läbipaistvus sõltub pealelangeva valguse intensiivsusest. </p><p>Läbipaistvad mineraalid on näiteks <a href="/wiki/Teemant" title="Teemant">teemant</a> ja haliit ehk kivisool. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Murdepind">Murdepind</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Muuda alaosa "Murdepind"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=13" title="Muuda alaosa "Murdepind" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/12px-Next.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/18px-Next.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/24px-Next.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> <i>Pikemalt artiklis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murdepind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murdepind (pole veel kirjutatud)">Murdepind</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Murdepind määratakse mineraali ebatasase pinna kuju järgi, mis tekib mineraali purustamisel või murdmisel. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Magnetite-130896.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Magnetite-130896.jpg/220px-Magnetite-130896.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Magnetite-130896.jpg/330px-Magnetite-130896.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Magnetite-130896.jpg/440px-Magnetite-130896.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Magnetiit" title="Magnetiit">Magnetiit</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Murdepind võib olla: </p> <ul><li>tasane – esineb hea <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B5henevus" title="Lõhenevus">lõhenevusega</a> mineraalidel (<a href="/wiki/Magnetiit" title="Magnetiit">magnetiit</a>);</li> <li>ebatasane (<a href="/wiki/Apatiit" title="Apatiit">apatiit</a>);</li> <li>astmeline (<a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCriit" title="Püriit">püriit</a>);</li> <li>karpjas – esineb halva lõhenevusega mineraalidel (kaltsedon);</li> <li>haakjas (<a href="/wiki/Vask" title="Vask">vask</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B5be" title="Hõbe">hõbe</a>);</li> <li>muldjas (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Koaliin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koaliin (pole veel kirjutatud)">koaliin</a>);</li> <li>konarlik.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lõhenevus"><span id="L.C3.B5henevus"></span>Lõhenevus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Muuda alaosa "Lõhenevus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=14" title="Muuda alaosa "Lõhenevus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/12px-Next.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/18px-Next.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Next.svg/24px-Next.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> <i>Pikemalt artiklis <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B5henevus" title="Lõhenevus">Lõhenevus</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Lõhenevus on mineraalide omadus laguneda löögi toimel tasaste pindadega kildudeks. Lõhenevus sõltub mineraali keemilistest sidemetest. Mineraal lõheneb sealt, kus side on kõige nõrgem. Ülihea lõhenevusega on näiteks <a href="/wiki/Muskoviit" title="Muskoviit">muskoviit</a> ja teise <a href="/wiki/Vilk" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilk">vilgud</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Murre" title="Murre">Murre</a> on mineraalide omadus laguneda <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6%C3%B6k" class="mw-disambig" title="Löök">löögi</a> toimel ebatasaste pindadega <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kild&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kild (pole veel kirjutatud)">kildudeks</a>. Murre on omane neile mineraalidele, mille keemilised sidemed on igas suunas võrdse tugevusega. Lõhenevus puudub näiteks <a href="/wiki/Kvarts" title="Kvarts">kvartsil</a>. </p><p>Et <a href="/wiki/Kovalentne_side" title="Kovalentne side">kovalentne side</a> on tugevam kui <a href="/wiki/Iooniline_side" title="Iooniline side">iooniline</a>, on kovalentsete sidemetega mineraalide lõhenevus halvem ehk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murdepind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murdepind (pole veel kirjutatud)">murdepind</a> on krobelisem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muud_omadused">Muud omadused</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Muuda alaosa "Muud omadused"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=15" title="Muuda alaosa "Muud omadused" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Halit_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Halit_1.JPG/220px-Halit_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Halit_1.JPG/330px-Halit_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Halit_1.JPG/440px-Halit_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Haliit" title="Haliit">Haliit</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Peale ülalpool nimetatute on veel omadusi, mida ei ole nii lihtne iseloomustada, kuid mis võivad aidata teatud mineraale identifitseerida: </p> <ul><li>soolane maitse (<a href="/wiki/Haliit" title="Haliit">haliit</a>);</li> <li>kibesoolane maitse (<a href="/wiki/S%C3%BClviin" title="Sülviin">sülviin</a>);</li> <li>kättevõtmisel määrib sõrmi (grafiit);</li> <li>põleb (<a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4vel" title="Väävel">väävel</a>);</li> <li>magnetilisus (<a href="/wiki/Magnetiit" title="Magnetiit">magnetiit</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mineraalide_klassifitseerimine">Mineraalide klassifitseerimine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide klassifitseerimine"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=16" title="Muuda alaosa "Mineraalide klassifitseerimine" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mineraale klassifitseeritakse tavaliselt kas väliskuju ehk haabituse ehk <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCngoonia" title="Süngoonia">süngoonia</a>, koostise, tekke, omaduste vms alusel. Näiteks saab mineraale jaotada järgmiselt: </p> <ol><li>ehedad elemendid ja metallide ühendid metalliga</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karbiidid" title="Karbiidid">karbiidid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitriidid" title="Nitriidid">nitriidid</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfiidid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosfiidid (pole veel kirjutatud)">fosfiidid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfosoolad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfosoolad (pole veel kirjutatud)">sulfosoolad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulfiidid" title="Sulfiidid">sulfiidid</a> jt <ol><li>klass väävli liht- ja kaksikühendid jt</li> <li>klass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfosoolad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfosoolad (pole veel kirjutatud)">sulfosoolad</a></li></ol></li> <li>haloidsed ühendid <ol><li>klass <a href="/wiki/Fluoriidid" title="Fluoriidid">fluoriidid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/Kloriidsed_mineraalid" class="mw-redirect" title="Kloriidsed mineraalid">kloriidid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bromiidid" title="Bromiidid">bromiidid</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Jodiidid" title="Jodiidid">jodiidid</a></li></ol></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oksiidid" title="Oksiidid">oksiidid</a> <ol><li>klass liht- ja liitoksiidid (<a href="/wiki/Korund" title="Korund">korund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kvarts" title="Kvarts">kvarts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hematiit" title="Hematiit">hematiit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opaal" title="Opaal">opaal</a> jt)</li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdroksiidid" title="Hüdroksiidid">hüdroksiidid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Limoniit" title="Limoniit">limoniit</a> jt)</li></ol></li> <li>hapnikulised soolad <ol><li>klass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jodaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jodaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">jodaadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/Nitraadid" title="Nitraadid">nitraadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/Karbonaatsed_mineraalid" title="Karbonaatsed mineraalid">karbonaadid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kaltsiit" title="Kaltsiit">kaltsiit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolomiit" title="Dolomiit">dolomiit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sideriit" title="Sideriit">sideriit</a> jt)</li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/Sulfaadid" title="Sulfaadid">sulfaadid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anh%C3%BCdriit" title="Anhüdriit">anhüdriit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kips" title="Kips">kips</a> jt) ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selenaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selenaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">selenaadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kromaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kromaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">kromaadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mol%C3%BCbaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molübaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">molübaadid</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Volframaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volframaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">volframaadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/Fosfaadid" title="Fosfaadid">fosfaadid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apatiit" title="Apatiit">apatiit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vivianiit" title="Vivianiit">vivianiit</a> jt), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arsenaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arsenaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">arsenaadid</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadaadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadaadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">vanadaadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arsenitid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arsenitid (pole veel kirjutatud)">arsenitid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boraadid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boraadid (pole veel kirjutatud)">boraadid</a></li> <li>klass <a href="/wiki/Silikaadid" title="Silikaadid">silikaadid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Topaas" title="Topaas">topaas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augiit" title="Augiit">augiit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vilgud" title="Vilgud">vilgud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amfiboolid" title="Amfiboolid">amfiboolid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaoliin" title="Kaoliin">kaoliin</a>, <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4evakivi" title="Päevakivi">päevakivid</a> jt)</li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=17" title="Muuda alaosa "Vaata ka" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mineraalide_loend" title="Mineraalide loend">Mineraalide loend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kivim" title="Kivim">Kivim</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirjandus">Kirjandus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=18" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Volli Kalm, Juho Kirs, Kalle Kirsimäe, Tiia Kurvits. "Mineraalid ja kivimid". Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, Tartu 1999, 96 lk.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alar_Astover" title="Alar Astover">Alar Astover</a>, Raimo Kõlli, Hugo Roosalu, Endla Reintam, Enn Leedu. "Mullateadus. Õpik kõrgkoolidele". Tartu 2012. (lk 29 Mineraalid)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalle_Suuroja" title="Kalle Suuroja">Kalle Suuroja</a>, Sten Suuroja. "Kiviaabits: Eesti mineraalid". Tallinn 2007. <a href="/wiki/Eri:Raamatuotsimine/9789949150458" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-9949-15-045-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&action=edit&section=19" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6724296">.mw-parser-output table.side-box{margin:4px 0;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output th.side-box-text,.mw-parser-output td.side-box-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.side-box-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.side-box a>img{max-width:none!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output table.side-box-left{margin-right:1em;border-collapse:collapse}}</style><table role="presentation" class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <tbody><tr> <td class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></td> <td class="side-box-text">Pildid, videod ja helifailid Commonsis: <b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Minerals?uselang=et">Mineraalid</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ansatte.uit.no/kku000/webgeology/webgeology_files/estonian/MINERAALID.html">Eesti keelde tõlgitud animeeritud õppevahend mineraalide kohta Tromsø ülikooli veebilehel webGeology.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webmineral.com/">Mineraalide andmebaas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minsocam.org/">Mineralogical Society of America</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/">The Mineral Gallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kivid.info/3/">Info Tallinna Tehnikaülikooli Geoloogiainstituudi lehelt</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&oldid=6479793">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mineraal&oldid=6479793</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Kategooriad" title="Eri:Kategooriad">Kategooria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Mineraalid" title="Kategooria:Mineraalid">Mineraalid</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Peidetud kategooria: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:ISBN-v%C3%B5lulingiga_lehek%C3%BCljed" title="Kategooria:ISBN-võlulingiga leheküljed">ISBN-võlulingiga leheküljed</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Selle lehekülje viimane muutmine: 21:53, 13. september 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst on kasutatav vastavalt Creative Commonsi litsentsile "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.et">Autorile viitamine + jagamine samadel tingimustel</a>"; sellele võivad lisanduda täiendavad tingimused. 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