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class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by İbrahim Usta</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124322777"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322777/Varakatu_L_Hi_nn%C3%A2"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Varakatu’L-Hi̇nnâ" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570500/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322777/Varakatu_L_Hi_nn%C3%A2">Varakatu’L-Hi̇nnâ</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bingöl üniversitesi sosyal bilimler enstitüsü dergisi</span><span>, Oct 15, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span 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dergisi"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124322777/Varakatu_L_Hi_nn%C3%A2","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-01T05:29:51.000-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118570500,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570500/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"438585.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570500/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Varakatu_L_Hi_nna.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118570500/438585-libre.pdf?1727786070=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVarakatu_L_Hi_nna.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=F~OsK~SljRf0YtlmiLiuA2maKFtzDnsiqFQFJwEW5ygn1TR8NqD0Zi~jcVasUbzglxmy9d0innj84kG4h4pe0LAo4eqgKrL~-08Ts1X-67teD1DEshZ58NH5g9eVhjSJ-RWvxV3gsh5bR~S8mylg91-J8C11QR~OKFZqSIGdl15lGMnEzxYHY4Sg9YItiVy3w5691Nl9c8gREW6Dqp7KEz9BEGzsfgJXuhIFAr15i9Fe~D9U9WpcOFwuyan8WYwGyi9O-tg7cLV17yVggKz4dy5cF5mpzPTbTehmc~rVsTpoqS2u~tU3r0tPD~F198uzD96lVlNJ2hZKgjvYbBnD6w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Varakatu_L_Hi_nnâ","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"id","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":118570500,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570500/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"438585.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570500/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Varakatu_L_Hi_nna.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118570500/438585-libre.pdf?1727786070=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVarakatu_L_Hi_nna.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=F~OsK~SljRf0YtlmiLiuA2maKFtzDnsiqFQFJwEW5ygn1TR8NqD0Zi~jcVasUbzglxmy9d0innj84kG4h4pe0LAo4eqgKrL~-08Ts1X-67teD1DEshZ58NH5g9eVhjSJ-RWvxV3gsh5bR~S8mylg91-J8C11QR~OKFZqSIGdl15lGMnEzxYHY4Sg9YItiVy3w5691Nl9c8gREW6Dqp7KEz9BEGzsfgJXuhIFAr15i9Fe~D9U9WpcOFwuyan8WYwGyi9O-tg7cLV17yVggKz4dy5cF5mpzPTbTehmc~rVsTpoqS2u~tU3r0tPD~F198uzD96lVlNJ2hZKgjvYbBnD6w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":44918568,"url":"https://busbed.bingol.edu.tr/tr/download/article-file/438585"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124322776"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322776/Allgemeiner_%C3%9Cberblick_%C3%9Cber_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_%C4%B0slam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayat%C4%B1na_Genel_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Allgemeiner Überblick Über „Al-Barza?“ Bei Den Gelehrten / İslam Mezhepleri'nde Kabir Hayatı'na Genel Bakış" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322776/Allgemeiner_%C3%9Cberblick_%C3%9Cber_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_%C4%B0slam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayat%C4%B1na_Genel_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F">Allgemeiner Überblick Über „Al-Barza?“ Bei Den Gelehrten / İslam Mezhepleri'nde Kabir Hayatı'na Genel Bakış</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dinbilimleri akademik araştırma dergisi</span><span>, Jun 1, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek h...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, &quot;Berzah&quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124322776"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124322776"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322776; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322776]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322776]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322776; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124322776']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124322776, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124322776]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124322776,"title":"Allgemeiner Überblick Über „Al-Barza?“ Bei Den Gelehrten / İslam Mezhepleri'nde Kabir Hayatı'na Genel Bakış","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, \u0026quot;Berzah\u0026quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.","publisher":"Dinbilimleri Akademik Arastirma Dergisi","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":2012,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Dinbilimleri akademik araştırma dergisi"},"translated_abstract":"Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, \u0026quot;Berzah\u0026quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124322776/Allgemeiner_%C3%9Cberblick_%C3%9Cber_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_%C4%B0slam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayat%C4%B1na_Genel_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-01T05:29:50.783-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Allgemeiner_Überblick_Über_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_İslam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayatına_Genel_Bakış","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, \u0026quot;Berzah\u0026quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art"}],"urls":[{"id":44918567,"url":"http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/daad/article/view/5000077019"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124322775"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322775/External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Development_of_Arabic_Language"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of External and Internal Factors in the Development of Arabic Language" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570528/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322775/External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Development_of_Arabic_Language">External and Internal Factors in the Development of Arabic Language</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The journal of academic social science studies</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly or indirectly of the people living in the same community or people with the same nationality. In other words, language is a complex structure consisting of a set of rules, audio, strings of words and grammar. In language that recognized as a living entity which being opened to all influences and constantly changing and evolving, due to various reasons some changes are outstanding. As a result of this change; when language enriches with new words, some of the words dies or leaves their location for other words. In this process, while some of the words are faced with the meaning changes, others will start to be used out of the actual meaning. Finally, one other important prominent matter in this change, markably important changes in the structure of the voice of the existing language are outstanding, and this gives rise to the formation of other dialects and even languages. To intervene to a language within the framework of the above-mentioned reasons means to protection and recovery of that language from corruption. Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from Arapçanın Gelişimindeki Dış ve İç Etkenler 936 the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. In this study, firstly, the result of the Arabs' by the fusion of linguistic interaction with other nations both naturally and necessarily, and the consequences are examined, as well as the external and internal factors leading the development of Arabic are explained with appropriate examples.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="67ea302d015ac05cc28935584dc764b1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118570528,"asset_id":124322775,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570528/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124322775"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124322775"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322775; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322775]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322775]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322775; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124322775']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124322775, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "67ea302d015ac05cc28935584dc764b1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124322775]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124322775,"title":"External and Internal Factors in the Development of Arabic Language","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"ASOS Yayinevi","grobid_abstract":"Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly or indirectly of the people living in the same community or people with the same nationality. 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Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from Arapçanın Gelişimindeki Dış ve İç Etkenler 936 the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. In this study, firstly, the result of the Arabs' by the fusion of linguistic interaction with other nations both naturally and necessarily, and the consequences are examined, as well as the external and internal factors leading the development of Arabic are explained with appropriate examples.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The journal of academic social science studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118570528},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124322775/External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Development_of_Arabic_Language","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-01T05:29:50.512-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118570528,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570528/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1384645006_51ustaibrahim-935-950.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570528/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Dev.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118570528/1384645006_51ustaibrahim-935-950-libre.pdf?1727786049=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExternal_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Dev.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=fYiNA6xB~PTWeMxFnjer3PscC8t38hjkq74Al06aAKSvCZcbbZJKNOxTqzddgiked-XXTrH9Ax4OafXeU~cxeunNZhRNkgsGDmcqcqoDASrrcN-uCjfUWrWtJMEsklAHelHKB2hmVT1dHg8exor9j7yvHvmFd~n7PhLNjdo3xEP51oKvdqs7bEqUkN~EhH1gqb7jyWDMvd4DfOkCzRwnf8x1~Bke~co8ag~GNlhHCiGOXOp7Bg5aO1aBsrGDYTtwGJvRDWqI5WOkJvS0GncX8vKGWmxVcJNdBVap2a9b5xvzu8nDqOWofua7JcmxblhNeW7-L060gyM7lo7z26tsCw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Development_of_Arabic_Language","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly or indirectly of the people living in the same community or people with the same nationality. 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Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from Arapçanın Gelişimindeki Dış ve İç Etkenler 936 the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. In this study, firstly, the result of the Arabs' by the fusion of linguistic interaction with other nations both naturally and necessarily, and the consequences are examined, as well as the external and internal factors leading the development of Arabic are explained with appropriate examples.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":118570528,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570528/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1384645006_51ustaibrahim-935-950.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570528/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Dev.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118570528/1384645006_51ustaibrahim-935-950-libre.pdf?1727786049=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DExternal_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Dev.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=fYiNA6xB~PTWeMxFnjer3PscC8t38hjkq74Al06aAKSvCZcbbZJKNOxTqzddgiked-XXTrH9Ax4OafXeU~cxeunNZhRNkgsGDmcqcqoDASrrcN-uCjfUWrWtJMEsklAHelHKB2hmVT1dHg8exor9j7yvHvmFd~n7PhLNjdo3xEP51oKvdqs7bEqUkN~EhH1gqb7jyWDMvd4DfOkCzRwnf8x1~Bke~co8ag~GNlhHCiGOXOp7Bg5aO1aBsrGDYTtwGJvRDWqI5WOkJvS0GncX8vKGWmxVcJNdBVap2a9b5xvzu8nDqOWofua7JcmxblhNeW7-L060gyM7lo7z26tsCw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"}],"urls":[{"id":44918566,"url":"https://doi.org/10.9761/jasss_634"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124322768"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322768/Arap_%C5%9Ei_i_ri_nde_Hermes_Tasavvuru"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Arap Şi̇i̇ri̇nde Hermes Tasavvuru" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570494/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322768/Arap_%C5%9Ei_i_ri_nde_Hermes_Tasavvuru">Arap Şi̇i̇ri̇nde Hermes Tasavvuru</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gizem ve gizemli kişilikler edebiyatta sıklıkla kullanılan kurgusal unsurların başında gelmektedi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gizem ve gizemli kişilikler edebiyatta sıklıkla kullanılan kurgusal unsurların başında gelmektedir. Ezoterizm, paranormal olaylar, mitolojik anlatılar insanların merakını ve keşfetme arzusunu her zaman tetiklemiştir. Bu çalışmada felsefe ve dinler tarihinin önem atfettiği ve gizemli kişiliği sebebiyle şairleri dahi etkilemeyi başaran bir figür olan Hermes tasavvuru ele alınmıştır. Hermes'le ilgili mevcut kültürlerlerdeki bilgi çeşitliliği onu hâlâ tartışılan bir kişilik yapmaya devam etmektedir. Hermesin, Batı kaynaklarında Yunan veya Mısır kökenli olmasına karşın Hermes İslam kaynaklarında büyük ölçüde İdris peygamberle özdeşleştirilmektedir. Hermes ismi klasik Arap literatüründe, yabancı kökenli bir kelime olması sebebiyle Hermes, Hurmus, Hirmâs, Hiramus, Hermese Herâmise, Hermis ve Hermesü'l-Herâmise gibi çeşitli isimlerle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erken dönem Arap şiirinde ilk olarak Beşşar b. Burd ile ortaya çıkan Hermes figürü daha sonra İbnu'r-Rûmî, İbn Nübâte es-Sadî ve Ebu'l-Alâ el-Ma'arrî ile devam etmiş, sırasıyla Memlük döneminden et-Tuğrâî, Takiyuddîn el-Mağribî, Safiyyuddîn el-Hıllî ve Lisânuddîn el-Hatîb; Eyyûbî döneminden el-Levvâh; Endülüs Emevi döneminden İbnu'l-Haddâd el-Endelûsî ve Ebu'l-Hasen eş-Şuşterî ile çağdaş dönemden Muhammed el-Bâcî el-Mesûdî, Süleymân el-Sûle ve Mahmûd Sâmî el-Bârûdî'den oluşan değişik dönemlere ait on dört farklı şairin şiirlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınmış olan şairler kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Konunun daha kolay anlaşılması adına Hermes tasavvuru bilgelik ve hikmet, ezoterizm, ölümsüzlük, mitoloji ve kozmik değer sembolizmi gibi alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak, daha çok içerik ve betimsel analizler yapılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="672e773b62d1a35ea34c1ec891ac7365" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118570494,"asset_id":124322768,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570494/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124322768"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124322768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322768; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322768]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322768]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322768; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124322768']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124322768, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "672e773b62d1a35ea34c1ec891ac7365" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124322768]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124322768,"title":"Arap Şi̇i̇ri̇nde Hermes Tasavvuru","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Gizem ve gizemli kişilikler edebiyatta sıklıkla kullanılan kurgusal unsurların başında gelmektedir. Ezoterizm, paranormal olaylar, mitolojik anlatılar insanların merakını ve keşfetme arzusunu her zaman tetiklemiştir. Bu çalışmada felsefe ve dinler tarihinin önem atfettiği ve gizemli kişiliği sebebiyle şairleri dahi etkilemeyi başaran bir figür olan Hermes tasavvuru ele alınmıştır. Hermes'le ilgili mevcut kültürlerlerdeki bilgi çeşitliliği onu hâlâ tartışılan bir kişilik yapmaya devam etmektedir. Hermesin, Batı kaynaklarında Yunan veya Mısır kökenli olmasına karşın Hermes İslam kaynaklarında büyük ölçüde İdris peygamberle özdeşleştirilmektedir. Hermes ismi klasik Arap literatüründe, yabancı kökenli bir kelime olması sebebiyle Hermes, Hurmus, Hirmâs, Hiramus, Hermese Herâmise, Hermis ve Hermesü'l-Herâmise gibi çeşitli isimlerle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erken dönem Arap şiirinde ilk olarak Beşşar b. Burd ile ortaya çıkan Hermes figürü daha sonra İbnu'r-Rûmî, İbn Nübâte es-Sadî ve Ebu'l-Alâ el-Ma'arrî ile devam etmiş, sırasıyla Memlük döneminden et-Tuğrâî, Takiyuddîn el-Mağribî, Safiyyuddîn el-Hıllî ve Lisânuddîn el-Hatîb; Eyyûbî döneminden el-Levvâh; Endülüs Emevi döneminden İbnu'l-Haddâd el-Endelûsî ve Ebu'l-Hasen eş-Şuşterî ile çağdaş dönemden Muhammed el-Bâcî el-Mesûdî, Süleymân el-Sûle ve Mahmûd Sâmî el-Bârûdî'den oluşan değişik dönemlere ait on dört farklı şairin şiirlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınmış olan şairler kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Konunun daha kolay anlaşılması adına Hermes tasavvuru bilgelik ve hikmet, ezoterizm, ölümsüzlük, mitoloji ve kozmik değer sembolizmi gibi alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak, daha çok içerik ve betimsel analizler yapılmıştır.","publication_date":{"day":29,"month":12,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":118570494},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124322768/Arap_%C5%9Ei_i_ri_nde_Hermes_Tasavvuru","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-01T05:29:24.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118570494,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570494/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"3451906.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570494/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Arap_Si_i_ri_nde_Hermes_Tasavvuru.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/118570494/3451906-libre.pdf?1727786051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArap_Si_i_ri_nde_Hermes_Tasavvuru.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=JFEJBclA8keaKWSScE-FV6-teBVcvYQTdQbetduf4k~~TRfBNZQhXYVHM6JIPp5DK9BVNW4Pkx9VWEnxXSwGfQSUciLpLqjnAWUYLQqikfLQLdYHCLz~4PzpZAKyjGcMJCrlZebuRgVPqS4j9Cx2LG118iJQbNKdSVqhBGEVLPifxIvtqkQ69W1DI4TIluxvxXnXwRKx7zs51fS5-hDEqeyyqpnaKBvWubHPOz98t~6ZlcrFdh0JJJ8To2ys6OHwTdJL8C9pBPBTcfFRS0pj2fe5nPbMeABifY6NxoXZ0CxU6Qy-NxhsJs3zgggVySY5C4lv5HFCBvl~BlKuxgOLMg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Arap_Şi_i_ri_nde_Hermes_Tasavvuru","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Gizem ve gizemli kişilikler edebiyatta sıklıkla kullanılan kurgusal unsurların başında gelmektedir. Ezoterizm, paranormal olaylar, mitolojik anlatılar insanların merakını ve keşfetme arzusunu her zaman tetiklemiştir. Bu çalışmada felsefe ve dinler tarihinin önem atfettiği ve gizemli kişiliği sebebiyle şairleri dahi etkilemeyi başaran bir figür olan Hermes tasavvuru ele alınmıştır. Hermes'le ilgili mevcut kültürlerlerdeki bilgi çeşitliliği onu hâlâ tartışılan bir kişilik yapmaya devam etmektedir. Hermesin, Batı kaynaklarında Yunan veya Mısır kökenli olmasına karşın Hermes İslam kaynaklarında büyük ölçüde İdris peygamberle özdeşleştirilmektedir. Hermes ismi klasik Arap literatüründe, yabancı kökenli bir kelime olması sebebiyle Hermes, Hurmus, Hirmâs, Hiramus, Hermese Herâmise, Hermis ve Hermesü'l-Herâmise gibi çeşitli isimlerle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erken dönem Arap şiirinde ilk olarak Beşşar b. Burd ile ortaya çıkan Hermes figürü daha sonra İbnu'r-Rûmî, İbn Nübâte es-Sadî ve Ebu'l-Alâ el-Ma'arrî ile devam etmiş, sırasıyla Memlük döneminden et-Tuğrâî, Takiyuddîn el-Mağribî, Safiyyuddîn el-Hıllî ve Lisânuddîn el-Hatîb; Eyyûbî döneminden el-Levvâh; Endülüs Emevi döneminden İbnu'l-Haddâd el-Endelûsî ve Ebu'l-Hasen eş-Şuşterî ile çağdaş dönemden Muhammed el-Bâcî el-Mesûdî, Süleymân el-Sûle ve Mahmûd Sâmî el-Bârûdî'den oluşan değişik dönemlere ait on dört farklı şairin şiirlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınmış olan şairler kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Konunun daha kolay anlaşılması adına Hermes tasavvuru bilgelik ve hikmet, ezoterizm, ölümsüzlük, mitoloji ve kozmik değer sembolizmi gibi alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. 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Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.)...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.) ... 25 - Paçacı, Mehmet, Kutsal Kitaplarda ölüm ötesi s. 117-120 26 - Kutluay,Yaşar, Islam ve Yahudi mezhepleri s.121 27 - H. 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Zira bu gibi sorular atalarımızı daha iyi anlamamıza yol açarken, bizim ‎düşünce ufkumuzu da genişletecektir. Bir açıdan mitoloji; yazı, kâğıt ve kalemin keşfedilmediği, eğitim ve eğitim ‎kurumlarının henüz oluşmadığı arkaik dönemlerde yaşayan insanlar için bir tür okul görevi görmüştür. Ayrıca mitoloji; ‎insanların yaşadığı coğrafyaya ait önemli gördükleri kişileri, nesneleri ve mekânları kutsallaştırıp, sırrını çözemedikleri ‎olayları -metafizik âlem- gerek nesir ve gerekse şiirde çeşitli olağanüstü şekillerde yorumlamasına yardımcı olan bir ‎olgudur. Arap mitolojisine gelecek olursak; kökeni İslam öncesi dönemle başlamış olan Arap şiirinde mitolojik öğe ‎kullanımı, modern Arap edebiyatı olarak isimlendirilen evrede farklı ivmeler kazanmıştır. 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Zira bu gibi sorular atalarımızı daha iyi anlamamıza yol açarken, bizim ‎düşünce ufkumuzu da genişletecektir. Bir açıdan mitoloji; yazı, kâğıt ve kalemin keşfedilmediği, eğitim ve eğitim ‎kurumlarının henüz oluşmadığı arkaik dönemlerde yaşayan insanlar için bir tür okul görevi görmüştür. Ayrıca mitoloji; ‎insanların yaşadığı coğrafyaya ait önemli gördükleri kişileri, nesneleri ve mekânları kutsallaştırıp, sırrını çözemedikleri ‎olayları -metafizik âlem- gerek nesir ve gerekse şiirde çeşitli olağanüstü şekillerde yorumlamasına yardımcı olan bir ‎olgudur. Arap mitolojisine gelecek olursak; kökeni İslam öncesi dönemle başlamış olan Arap şiirinde mitolojik öğe ‎kullanımı, modern Arap edebiyatı olarak isimlendirilen evrede farklı ivmeler kazanmıştır. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92164957"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92164957/Bir_B%C3%BCrokrat_%C5%9Eair_%C3%96mer_Eb%C3%BB_R%C3%AE%C5%9Fe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bir Bürokrat Şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95247247/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92164957/Bir_B%C3%BCrokrat_%C5%9Eair_%C3%96mer_Eb%C3%BB_R%C3%AE%C5%9Fe">Bir Bürokrat Şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi</span><span>, Jan 15, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Özet Modern Arap Edebiyatının başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısın...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Özet Modern Arap Edebiyatının başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, Arap edebiyatı hem şiir hem de nesir alanında bir modernleşme sürecine girmiştir. Asırlardır süregelen klasik Arap şiir sanatı batı şiirinin örnek alınması neticesinde bünyesinde birçok şiir akımı, ekolü veya topluluğu ile bu ekollere mensup şair ve yazarlar vücuda getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Suriyeli şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe'nin kısa biyografisiyle beraber klasik, romantik ve parnasist dönemlerine ait kısa bilgiler verilecektir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e2f3dfd03b776127a727f0bbad79bc4a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95247247,"asset_id":92164957,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95247247/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92164957"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92164957"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92164957; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92164957]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92164957]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92164957; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92164957']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92164957, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e2f3dfd03b776127a727f0bbad79bc4a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92164957]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92164957,"title":"Bir Bürokrat Şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Özet Modern Arap Edebiyatının başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, Arap edebiyatı hem şiir hem de nesir alanında bir modernleşme sürecine girmiştir. 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Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş, İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gib...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e1e408a8bf0953d5c7c206d0059cdc49" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88904897,"asset_id":83619623,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88904897/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83619623"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83619623"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83619623; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83619623]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83619623]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83619623; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83619623']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 83619623, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e1e408a8bf0953d5c7c206d0059cdc49" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83619623]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83619623,"title":"Jesus Christ as a Symbolic Figure in Modern Arabic Poetry","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş, İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gib...","publisher":"FSM Vakıf Üniversitesi"},"translated_abstract":"Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş, İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gib...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83619623/Jesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Modern_Arabic_Poetry","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-07-23T14:46:26.683-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88904897,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88904897/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"395351872.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88904897/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Jesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Mod.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88904897/395351872-libre.pdf?1658613953=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Mod.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=DsRUmxv2TL~pdmIqd-GiK2xD8INrnDnGeJh97CISIPqSexQpMXn8AOcL1Ksg42oi18GOh2X9tKCq8JiojkI6FFMu7~RD9WswYOMr2ItAvkRNmiX2EH~tnafGrnwI6ti5Re2o~BOmcRx~VJtb4NmZ3RtYfHLN927U7xGZ2RFfrOtBH1mCKodU5w2PxGAm5rh1o-QZwxxYOGP4M9JVDU5Qta7BuYwlFqqU0VjnEcHDVB4PcNWkCAW52G9osZEatSbIiHVXVr9EHv3ztQ8JIH7IgrJNhiY51HYJiz56nRoqWNCZ95ozlmwtcnV9quacFYKt7dxtSC9nDDlp68DQhKrmww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Jesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Modern_Arabic_Poetry","translated_slug":"","page_count":30,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. 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Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş, İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gib...","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":88904897,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88904897/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"395351872.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88904897/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Jesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Mod.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88904897/395351872-libre.pdf?1658613953=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Mod.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=DsRUmxv2TL~pdmIqd-GiK2xD8INrnDnGeJh97CISIPqSexQpMXn8AOcL1Ksg42oi18GOh2X9tKCq8JiojkI6FFMu7~RD9WswYOMr2ItAvkRNmiX2EH~tnafGrnwI6ti5Re2o~BOmcRx~VJtb4NmZ3RtYfHLN927U7xGZ2RFfrOtBH1mCKodU5w2PxGAm5rh1o-QZwxxYOGP4M9JVDU5Qta7BuYwlFqqU0VjnEcHDVB4PcNWkCAW52G9osZEatSbIiHVXVr9EHv3ztQ8JIH7IgrJNhiY51HYJiz56nRoqWNCZ95ozlmwtcnV9quacFYKt7dxtSC9nDDlp68DQhKrmww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3581,"name":"Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry"},{"id":7370,"name":"Symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbolism"},{"id":51522,"name":"Modern Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Poetry"},{"id":117575,"name":"Jesus Christ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jesus_Christ"},{"id":396611,"name":"şiir","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C5%9Fiir"},{"id":808944,"name":"Sembolizm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sembolizm"},{"id":2755445,"name":"Modern Arap Şiiri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiiri"}],"urls":[{"id":22389925,"url":"https://core.ac.uk/download/395351872.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81182511"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81182511/The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benefits_on_Teaching_Arabic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Four Language Skills and Their Benefits on Teaching Arabic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87316681/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81182511/The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benefits_on_Teaching_Arabic">The Four Language Skills and Their Benefits on Teaching Arabic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skill...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skills present in humanbeing. Listed as reading, writing, listening and talking the four basic skills are the main tool and the main target of both learning and teaching. When these skills are applied to teachers, students and also course material, they will make one the owner of an affective language. In this study the benefits of using natural language skills (Direct Method) on teaching Arabic is emphasized.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="91ff30a5994800bef19a9f7179f4f69f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87316681,"asset_id":81182511,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87316681/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81182511"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81182511"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81182511; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81182511]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81182511]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81182511; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81182511']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81182511, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "91ff30a5994800bef19a9f7179f4f69f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81182511]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81182511,"title":"The Four Language Skills and Their Benefits on Teaching Arabic","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Journal of Academic Social Science Studies","grobid_abstract":"The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skills present in humanbeing. 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As a literary movement, it is defined ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">One of the important movements in literature is symbolism. As a literary movement, it is defined as an allusive expression of the mind and spirit of the poet within the framework of a number of symbols. This movement, which we find many examples in the classical Arabic literature, has reappeared as a result of the introduction of Arabs to the European literature. The reflection of symbolism, which first appeared in the European literature with Charles Baudelarie, reached its peak with the Tammuzi movement in the Arab literature. The idea of reaching the depth of meaning arising both from the tense political environment in the Arab society and the phenomenon of allusiveness in poetry has led many poets to participate in this literary movement. The most important element of symbolism is the figure. Undoubtedy, one of the symbolic figures of the modern period in this context is Jesus Christ. The symbol of Christ has been constantly mentioned by Jebra Ibrahim Jebra and Jibran Khalil Jibran in prose, and by the pioneers of the modern poetry such as Badr Shakir al-Sayyab, Khalil Hawi, Mahmoud Darvish, Izz ad-Din al-Musanara, Amal Dunqul and Abdul Wahhab al-Bayati in poetry. Both Muslim and Christian poets have tried to explain the meaning they want to express with some symbols such as mercy, hope, resistance, leader, affliction, identification and expatriate within the framework of Christ.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="78df92f85953d99e89f0fd4212d56781" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86915123,"asset_id":80579469,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86915123/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80579469"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80579469"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579469; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579469]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579469]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579469; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80579469']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80579469, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "78df92f85953d99e89f0fd4212d56781" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80579469]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80579469,"title":"Modern Arap Şiirinde Sembolik Bir Figür Olarak İsâ Mesîh","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"FSM Scholarly Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","grobid_abstract":"One of the important movements in literature is symbolism. 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As a literary movement, it is defined as an allusive expression of the mind and spirit of the poet within the framework of a number of symbols. This movement, which we find many examples in the classical Arabic literature, has reappeared as a result of the introduction of Arabs to the European literature. The reflection of symbolism, which first appeared in the European literature with Charles Baudelarie, reached its peak with the Tammuzi movement in the Arab literature. The idea of reaching the depth of meaning arising both from the tense political environment in the Arab society and the phenomenon of allusiveness in poetry has led many poets to participate in this literary movement. The most important element of symbolism is the figure. Undoubtedy, one of the symbolic figures of the modern period in this context is Jesus Christ. The symbol of Christ has been constantly mentioned by Jebra Ibrahim Jebra and Jibran Khalil Jibran in prose, and by the pioneers of the modern poetry such as Badr Shakir al-Sayyab, Khalil Hawi, Mahmoud Darvish, Izz ad-Din al-Musanara, Amal Dunqul and Abdul Wahhab al-Bayati in poetry. Both Muslim and Christian poets have tried to explain the meaning they want to express with some symbols such as mercy, hope, resistance, leader, affliction, identification and expatriate within the framework of Christ.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":86915123,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86915123/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Usta.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86915123/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Sembolik_Bir_Figur.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86915123/Usta-libre.pdf?1654233969=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DModern_Arap_Siirinde_Sembolik_Bir_Figur.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=GuIt9dlS7WCM6GcyP6-kPJ4XAWk2V1j6gQ3TfV87~3XDlmbn4kC5fhbOlzJSwbWviLl4R5Sl~ppRqIOA5cM711AZzeE6PDe1xNX~dwCs-IcRLzrLllTsEK3QWioIWi36~0KY4vm8fQv3RMEQXRWM5Y30PTOrktl4aJY4FpuE4VbCmRx5YdKFufW3VtVpzX2DBeXJ8ajDxVDQi9phQjen0657EdhirOwbY~eae0pjMqlgGWCRmabUVgZPGIc9V6rgdO0w13knVTQNrZu9FV2xBm1p7cXMxv-1z5xd0N6VFGl2oUJ2TKezDRHX5XFwLc3fD~OusDJJA6lwmXPbiAkL5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art"},{"id":735672,"name":"Arabic Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Literature"},{"id":1167200,"name":"Arap Dili Ve Edebiyatı","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arap_Dili_Ve_Edebiyati"},{"id":2755445,"name":"Modern Arap Şiiri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiiri"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80579461"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80579461/Arap_Edebiyat%C4%B1nda_E%C5%9Fkiya_%C5%9Eairler"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Arap Edebiyatında Eşkiya Şairler" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86915120/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80579461/Arap_Edebiyat%C4%B1nda_E%C5%9Fkiya_%C5%9Eairler">Arap Edebiyatında Eşkiya Şairler</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Turkish Studies</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Bandit poets very harsh conditions of life in the Arabian Peninsula is now in place in the mounta...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Bandit poets very harsh conditions of life in the Arabian Peninsula is now in place in the mountains and vast deserts have kept in groups are known to be thieves. They either by tribes or tribes to which they are slave children to have acted contrary to the rules or difficult to spawn a tribe fired anyone because they are forced to choose. As a result, highwayman their tribal life, living out justice request exhausted, family and tribal ties severed, cruelty ridden this resort for themselves in the persecuted, believing tribe and wealth to the owners and the world 's property pouts are people. To society of fear and anxiety, releasing space in the desert holds a strong body of these people are the only weapon. However, courage, relentless enemy attacks and death and life of seeing the same value, which makes them different from others is one of the most basic features. At the same time they act with compassion for the poor and the poor, they have achieved in the raids as spoils to distribute to the needy should not forget the human side. A significant portion of bandits attack against the rich and stingy have done. In this study, a lot of emphasis on the Arab literary poets, which will be dealt with bandits. Of pre-Islamic, early Islamic, Umayyad and Abbasid first periods we have seen in the first inhabited by bandits poet economic, social and cultural environment are examined in a sense, the reasons which impelled them banditry were discussed. Topics at the end of each period and a brief biography of the poet's most famous poem with a few verse will be brought to the attention of the reader.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bfecfbb4f71754e98cb444f346f3b22a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86915120,"asset_id":80579461,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86915120/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80579461"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80579461"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579461; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579461]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579461]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579461; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80579461']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80579461, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bfecfbb4f71754e98cb444f346f3b22a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80579461]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80579461,"title":"Arap Edebiyatında Eşkiya Şairler","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Journal of Turkish Studies","grobid_abstract":"Bandit poets very harsh conditions of life in the Arabian Peninsula is now in place in the mountains and vast deserts have kept in groups are known to be thieves. 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In this study, a lot of emphasis on the Arab literary poets, which will be dealt with bandits. Of pre-Islamic, early Islamic, Umayyad and Abbasid first periods we have seen in the first inhabited by bandits poet economic, social and cultural environment are examined in a sense, the reasons which impelled them banditry were discussed. 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They either by tribes or tribes to which they are slave children to have acted contrary to the rules or difficult to spawn a tribe fired anyone because they are forced to choose. As a result, highwayman their tribal life, living out justice request exhausted, family and tribal ties severed, cruelty ridden this resort for themselves in the persecuted, believing tribe and wealth to the owners and the world 's property pouts are people. To society of fear and anxiety, releasing space in the desert holds a strong body of these people are the only weapon. However, courage, relentless enemy attacks and death and life of seeing the same value, which makes them different from others is one of the most basic features. At the same time they act with compassion for the poor and the poor, they have achieved in the raids as spoils to distribute to the needy should not forget the human side. A significant portion of bandits attack against the rich and stingy have done. In this study, a lot of emphasis on the Arab literary poets, which will be dealt with bandits. Of pre-Islamic, early Islamic, Umayyad and Abbasid first periods we have seen in the first inhabited by bandits poet economic, social and cultural environment are examined in a sense, the reasons which impelled them banditry were discussed. Topics at the end of each period and a brief biography of the poet's most famous poem with a few verse will be brought to the attention of the reader.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":86915120,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86915120/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"504673778_68Usta_C4_B0brahim-edb-1063-1092.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86915120/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Arap_Edebiyatinda_Eskiya_Sairler.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86915120/504673778_68Usta_C4_B0brahim-edb-1063-1092-libre.pdf?1654233975=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArap_Edebiyatinda_Eskiya_Sairler.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=b-3aPcL8VFtWtrzERLMizexb0Eq4tkKcMqWNbq4nIseOLe9~8GGVBDBxwqy9929wri5pUz~yzaOvTGZjCOt1aqU5wKdeNybAGlkB3A21XHAbJI4pi5ooKAJSRIOix0DqO8LJFpdfqKQPCHTvwVCwv2OhuwKFc5ZDVjtKJhCkUg2qwv3d7T5QeZgmuOL~OgguB0ARCBc81wwYSSbhbVsaHkwH60D5SQqQb82ZwR6UyWXHwZr-~H96XyzSnLFAuOOGCpaEEyup8M9ebzQERHDny6cH7G30cSyBVOUd8PLnPiAsrikJDGZQEX-wwCdOEB6Hd8XRGn1B08oWcRGXnzn1bA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology"},{"id":37309,"name":"Turkish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_Studies"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124322776"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322776/Allgemeiner_%C3%9Cberblick_%C3%9Cber_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_%C4%B0slam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayat%C4%B1na_Genel_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Allgemeiner Überblick Über „Al-Barza?“ Bei Den Gelehrten / İslam Mezhepleri'nde Kabir Hayatı'na Genel Bakış" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322776/Allgemeiner_%C3%9Cberblick_%C3%9Cber_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_%C4%B0slam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayat%C4%B1na_Genel_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F">Allgemeiner Überblick Über „Al-Barza?“ Bei Den Gelehrten / İslam Mezhepleri'nde Kabir Hayatı'na Genel Bakış</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Dinbilimleri akademik araştırma dergisi</span><span>, Jun 1, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek h...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, &quot;Berzah&quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124322776"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124322776"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322776; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322776]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322776]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322776; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124322776']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124322776, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124322776]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124322776,"title":"Allgemeiner Überblick Über „Al-Barza?“ Bei Den Gelehrten / İslam Mezhepleri'nde Kabir Hayatı'na Genel Bakış","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, \u0026quot;Berzah\u0026quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.","publisher":"Dinbilimleri Akademik Arastirma Dergisi","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":2012,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Dinbilimleri akademik araştırma dergisi"},"translated_abstract":"Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, \u0026quot;Berzah\u0026quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124322776/Allgemeiner_%C3%9Cberblick_%C3%9Cber_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_%C4%B0slam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayat%C4%B1na_Genel_Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-10-01T05:29:50.783-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Allgemeiner_Überblick_Über_Al_Barza_Bei_Den_Gelehrten_İslam_Mezheplerinde_Kabir_Hayatına_Genel_Bakış","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Dunya hayatindan hemen sonra, olumle baslayip Kiyamet gunu yeniden dirilmeye kadar devam edecek hayata kabir hayati denilmektedir. Kabir hayati, \u0026quot;Berzah\u0026quot; diye de adlandirilir. Ahirete acilan kap? olarak gorulen Berzah âlemi, gaybiyyat meselesi oldugu icin insan? hem merak hemde korkuya suruklemis ve mezhepler aras?nda gozle gorulur ihtilaflara sebebiyet vermistir. Islam mezhepleri ve bu mezhep mensuplari, Kabir Hayati konusunda bir takim uyusmazliga dusmuslerdir. Genel anlamda Kabir hayatini kabul etmeyen yok gibi gorunmesine ragmen, bu hayatin nitelik ve niceligi hakkinda ilginc gorusler belirtilmistir. Bunun sebebi Kur’an’da bu hayat ile ilgili net bir ayetin olmamasi neticesinde hukumlerin Sunnetten cikarilmaya calisilmasidir. Kur’an-i Kerim’den sonra Islam’da ikinci temel kaynak olarak Sunnet kabul edilmistir. Gerek dunyevi ve gerekse uhrevi bir hukum arandiginda oncelikli olarak Kur’an’a, eger bu hukum onda bulunmazsa Sunnete muracaat edilir. Tum bunlara ragmen kabir hayati konusunda Ulema arasinda ittifak yoktur. Kabir azabi konusu kabul edenler ve reddedenler arasinda hararetli tartismalara sebebiyet vermistir. Hem kabul edenler, hem de reddedenler bu goruslerini desteklemek icin hem Kur’an’dan hem de Sunnet’ten bir takim deliller ileri surmuslerdir. Bu gorusleri ozet halinde siralamak gerekirse; 1. Dirar b. Amr, Besir b. Mureysi, Yahya b. Kamil ve Haricilerin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabini kabul etmemektedirler. 2. El-Ciyani, Ebu Huseyin el-Allaf ve Bisr b. Mutemir kabir azabinin sadece inancsiz ve kâfirlere olacagini ileri surmuslerdir. 3. Imamu’l-Haremeyn el-Cuveyni, Imam Gazali, Ibn Kayyim ve Şehristani’ye gore ise, kabir azabi kalp gibi vucudun bazi azalari uzerine vuku bulacaktir. 4. Kerramiye mezhebi, Ibn Cerir et-Taberi ve Salihi gibi ilim adamlari ise kabir azabinin sadece bedene olacagini iddia etmislerdir. 5. Kadi Abdulcabbar, Ibn Hazm, Ibn Hubeyre, Yahya b. Hamza, Ibn Meysere ve gunumuz modern teologlarinin buyuk bir cogunlugu kabir azabinin sadece ruh uzerinde vuku bulacagini ifade etmislerdir. 6. Şii, Ibazi, Zeydilerin bir kismi ile Sunnilerin buyuk bir cogunluguna gore kabir azabi hem bedene hem de ruha olacaktir. Yukarida goruldugu uzere, kabir azabi konusu- iddia edildigi gibi- Icmâ vaki olmus bir mesele olmayip, halen uzerindeki tartismalar devam etmektedir. Kimilerine gore kabir azabi konusu, Islami kokenli bir inanc meselesi olmayip, bu inancin Eski Misir, Yahudi veya Eski Yunan felsefesindeki “Dualizm” gibi Islam oncesi din ve kulturlerden gelip, bir sekilde Islam’a sokuldugu iddia edilmistir.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art"}],"urls":[{"id":44918567,"url":"http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/daad/article/view/5000077019"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124322775"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322775/External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Development_of_Arabic_Language"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of External and Internal Factors in the Development of Arabic Language" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/118570528/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124322775/External_and_Internal_Factors_in_the_Development_of_Arabic_Language">External and Internal Factors in the Development of Arabic Language</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The journal of academic social science studies</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly or indirectly of the people living in the same community or people with the same nationality. In other words, language is a complex structure consisting of a set of rules, audio, strings of words and grammar. In language that recognized as a living entity which being opened to all influences and constantly changing and evolving, due to various reasons some changes are outstanding. As a result of this change; when language enriches with new words, some of the words dies or leaves their location for other words. In this process, while some of the words are faced with the meaning changes, others will start to be used out of the actual meaning. Finally, one other important prominent matter in this change, markably important changes in the structure of the voice of the existing language are outstanding, and this gives rise to the formation of other dialects and even languages. To intervene to a language within the framework of the above-mentioned reasons means to protection and recovery of that language from corruption. Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from Arapçanın Gelişimindeki Dış ve İç Etkenler 936 the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. In this study, firstly, the result of the Arabs' by the fusion of linguistic interaction with other nations both naturally and necessarily, and the consequences are examined, as well as the external and internal factors leading the development of Arabic are explained with appropriate examples.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="67ea302d015ac05cc28935584dc764b1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118570528,"asset_id":124322775,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570528/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124322775"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124322775"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322775; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322775]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322775]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322775; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124322775']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124322775, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "67ea302d015ac05cc28935584dc764b1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124322775]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124322775,"title":"External and Internal Factors in the Development of Arabic Language","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"ASOS Yayinevi","grobid_abstract":"Language is the name given to the reporting tool of the feelings, thoughts and motives, directly or indirectly of the people living in the same community or people with the same nationality. 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Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from Arapçanın Gelişimindeki Dış ve İç Etkenler 936 the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. 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Once upon a time, the Arabs who speak the dialect of Fasih Mudar and Yemen, after a while, took different words to their language and eventually the words have been an integral part of Arabic words. To prevent this and to save the Arabic from Arapçanın Gelişimindeki Dış ve İç Etkenler 936 the erosion it has fallen into, a number of innovations have become mandatory. 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Ezoterizm, paranormal olaylar, mitolojik anlatılar insanların merakını ve keşfetme arzusunu her zaman tetiklemiştir. Bu çalışmada felsefe ve dinler tarihinin önem atfettiği ve gizemli kişiliği sebebiyle şairleri dahi etkilemeyi başaran bir figür olan Hermes tasavvuru ele alınmıştır. Hermes'le ilgili mevcut kültürlerlerdeki bilgi çeşitliliği onu hâlâ tartışılan bir kişilik yapmaya devam etmektedir. Hermesin, Batı kaynaklarında Yunan veya Mısır kökenli olmasına karşın Hermes İslam kaynaklarında büyük ölçüde İdris peygamberle özdeşleştirilmektedir. Hermes ismi klasik Arap literatüründe, yabancı kökenli bir kelime olması sebebiyle Hermes, Hurmus, Hirmâs, Hiramus, Hermese Herâmise, Hermis ve Hermesü'l-Herâmise gibi çeşitli isimlerle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erken dönem Arap şiirinde ilk olarak Beşşar b. Burd ile ortaya çıkan Hermes figürü daha sonra İbnu'r-Rûmî, İbn Nübâte es-Sadî ve Ebu'l-Alâ el-Ma'arrî ile devam etmiş, sırasıyla Memlük döneminden et-Tuğrâî, Takiyuddîn el-Mağribî, Safiyyuddîn el-Hıllî ve Lisânuddîn el-Hatîb; Eyyûbî döneminden el-Levvâh; Endülüs Emevi döneminden İbnu'l-Haddâd el-Endelûsî ve Ebu'l-Hasen eş-Şuşterî ile çağdaş dönemden Muhammed el-Bâcî el-Mesûdî, Süleymân el-Sûle ve Mahmûd Sâmî el-Bârûdî'den oluşan değişik dönemlere ait on dört farklı şairin şiirlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınmış olan şairler kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Konunun daha kolay anlaşılması adına Hermes tasavvuru bilgelik ve hikmet, ezoterizm, ölümsüzlük, mitoloji ve kozmik değer sembolizmi gibi alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak, daha çok içerik ve betimsel analizler yapılmıştır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="672e773b62d1a35ea34c1ec891ac7365" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":118570494,"asset_id":124322768,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118570494/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124322768"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124322768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322768; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322768]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=124322768]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124322768; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='124322768']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 124322768, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "672e773b62d1a35ea34c1ec891ac7365" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=124322768]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":124322768,"title":"Arap Şi̇i̇ri̇nde Hermes Tasavvuru","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Gizem ve gizemli kişilikler edebiyatta sıklıkla kullanılan kurgusal unsurların başında gelmektedir. Ezoterizm, paranormal olaylar, mitolojik anlatılar insanların merakını ve keşfetme arzusunu her zaman tetiklemiştir. Bu çalışmada felsefe ve dinler tarihinin önem atfettiği ve gizemli kişiliği sebebiyle şairleri dahi etkilemeyi başaran bir figür olan Hermes tasavvuru ele alınmıştır. Hermes'le ilgili mevcut kültürlerlerdeki bilgi çeşitliliği onu hâlâ tartışılan bir kişilik yapmaya devam etmektedir. Hermesin, Batı kaynaklarında Yunan veya Mısır kökenli olmasına karşın Hermes İslam kaynaklarında büyük ölçüde İdris peygamberle özdeşleştirilmektedir. Hermes ismi klasik Arap literatüründe, yabancı kökenli bir kelime olması sebebiyle Hermes, Hurmus, Hirmâs, Hiramus, Hermese Herâmise, Hermis ve Hermesü'l-Herâmise gibi çeşitli isimlerle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erken dönem Arap şiirinde ilk olarak Beşşar b. Burd ile ortaya çıkan Hermes figürü daha sonra İbnu'r-Rûmî, İbn Nübâte es-Sadî ve Ebu'l-Alâ el-Ma'arrî ile devam etmiş, sırasıyla Memlük döneminden et-Tuğrâî, Takiyuddîn el-Mağribî, Safiyyuddîn el-Hıllî ve Lisânuddîn el-Hatîb; Eyyûbî döneminden el-Levvâh; Endülüs Emevi döneminden İbnu'l-Haddâd el-Endelûsî ve Ebu'l-Hasen eş-Şuşterî ile çağdaş dönemden Muhammed el-Bâcî el-Mesûdî, Süleymân el-Sûle ve Mahmûd Sâmî el-Bârûdî'den oluşan değişik dönemlere ait on dört farklı şairin şiirlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınmış olan şairler kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Konunun daha kolay anlaşılması adına Hermes tasavvuru bilgelik ve hikmet, ezoterizm, ölümsüzlük, mitoloji ve kozmik değer sembolizmi gibi alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. 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Burd ile ortaya çıkan Hermes figürü daha sonra İbnu'r-Rûmî, İbn Nübâte es-Sadî ve Ebu'l-Alâ el-Ma'arrî ile devam etmiş, sırasıyla Memlük döneminden et-Tuğrâî, Takiyuddîn el-Mağribî, Safiyyuddîn el-Hıllî ve Lisânuddîn el-Hatîb; Eyyûbî döneminden el-Levvâh; Endülüs Emevi döneminden İbnu'l-Haddâd el-Endelûsî ve Ebu'l-Hasen eş-Şuşterî ile çağdaş dönemden Muhammed el-Bâcî el-Mesûdî, Süleymân el-Sûle ve Mahmûd Sâmî el-Bârûdî'den oluşan değişik dönemlere ait on dört farklı şairin şiirlerine değinilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınmış olan şairler kronolojik olarak sıralanmıştır. Konunun daha kolay anlaşılması adına Hermes tasavvuru bilgelik ve hikmet, ezoterizm, ölümsüzlük, mitoloji ve kozmik değer sembolizmi gibi alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. 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Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.)...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.) ... 25 - Paçacı, Mehmet, Kutsal Kitaplarda ölüm ötesi s. 117-120 26 - Kutluay,Yaşar, Islam ve Yahudi mezhepleri s.121 27 - H. Coward, Das Leben nach dem Tod, s.30-31 Page 20. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="105523604"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="105523604"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 105523604; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=105523604]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=105523604]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 105523604; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='105523604']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 105523604, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=105523604]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":105523604,"title":"Das Grabesleben im Islam","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"... Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.) ... 25 - Paçacı, Mehmet, Kutsal Kitaplarda ölüm ötesi s. 117-120 26 - Kutluay,Yaşar, Islam ve Yahudi mezhepleri s.121 27 - H. Coward, Das Leben nach dem Tod, s.30-31 Page 20. ...","publisher":"othes.univie.ac.at","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2010,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"... Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.) ... 25 - Paçacı, Mehmet, Kutsal Kitaplarda ölüm ötesi s. 117-120 26 - Kutluay,Yaşar, Islam ve Yahudi mezhepleri s.121 27 - H. Coward, Das Leben nach dem Tod, s.30-31 Page 20. ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105523604/Das_Grabesleben_im_Islam","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-08-12T12:41:01.710-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Das_Grabesleben_im_Islam","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"... Verfasser Mag. Ibrahim Usta Angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. Phil.) ... 25 - Paçacı, Mehmet, Kutsal Kitaplarda ölüm ötesi s. 117-120 26 - Kutluay,Yaşar, Islam ve Yahudi mezhepleri s.121 27 - H. Coward, Das Leben nach dem Tod, s.30-31 Page 20. ...","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="105523602"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/105523602/Mythological_Themes_in_Modern_Arab_Poetry"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mythological Themes in Modern Arab Poetry" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/105523602/Mythological_Themes_in_Modern_Arab_Poetry">Mythological Themes in Modern Arab Poetry</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Asya Studies</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Bu çalışmanın ana hedefi “İnsanlar neden mitolojik figürlere ihtiyaç duyarlar?” ve “Mitolojik fig...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Bu çalışmanın ana hedefi “İnsanlar neden mitolojik figürlere ihtiyaç duyarlar?” ve “Mitolojik figürler kullandıklarında ‎değişen nedir?” sorularına cevap aramaktır. Zira bu gibi sorular atalarımızı daha iyi anlamamıza yol açarken, bizim ‎düşünce ufkumuzu da genişletecektir. Bir açıdan mitoloji; yazı, kâğıt ve kalemin keşfedilmediği, eğitim ve eğitim ‎kurumlarının henüz oluşmadığı arkaik dönemlerde yaşayan insanlar için bir tür okul görevi görmüştür. Ayrıca mitoloji; ‎insanların yaşadığı coğrafyaya ait önemli gördükleri kişileri, nesneleri ve mekânları kutsallaştırıp, sırrını çözemedikleri ‎olayları -metafizik âlem- gerek nesir ve gerekse şiirde çeşitli olağanüstü şekillerde yorumlamasına yardımcı olan bir ‎olgudur. Arap mitolojisine gelecek olursak; kökeni İslam öncesi dönemle başlamış olan Arap şiirinde mitolojik öğe ‎kullanımı, modern Arap edebiyatı olarak isimlendirilen evrede farklı ivmeler kazanmıştır. 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Zira bu gibi sorular atalarımızı daha iyi anlamamıza yol açarken, bizim ‎düşünce ufkumuzu da genişletecektir. Bir açıdan mitoloji; yazı, kâğıt ve kalemin keşfedilmediği, eğitim ve eğitim ‎kurumlarının henüz oluşmadığı arkaik dönemlerde yaşayan insanlar için bir tür okul görevi görmüştür. Ayrıca mitoloji; ‎insanların yaşadığı coğrafyaya ait önemli gördükleri kişileri, nesneleri ve mekânları kutsallaştırıp, sırrını çözemedikleri ‎olayları -metafizik âlem- gerek nesir ve gerekse şiirde çeşitli olağanüstü şekillerde yorumlamasına yardımcı olan bir ‎olgudur. Arap mitolojisine gelecek olursak; kökeni İslam öncesi dönemle başlamış olan Arap şiirinde mitolojik öğe ‎kullanımı, modern Arap edebiyatı olarak isimlendirilen evrede farklı ivmeler kazanmıştır. Arap dünyasının Batı ile olan ‎ilişkiler neticesinde 20. yy. ilk çeyreğinde ...","publisher":"Akademik Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi (Asya Studies)","publication_name":"Asya Studies"},"translated_abstract":"Bu çalışmanın ana hedefi “İnsanlar neden mitolojik figürlere ihtiyaç duyarlar?” ve “Mitolojik figürler kullandıklarında ‎değişen nedir?” sorularına cevap aramaktır. Zira bu gibi sorular atalarımızı daha iyi anlamamıza yol açarken, bizim ‎düşünce ufkumuzu da genişletecektir. Bir açıdan mitoloji; yazı, kâğıt ve kalemin keşfedilmediği, eğitim ve eğitim ‎kurumlarının henüz oluşmadığı arkaik dönemlerde yaşayan insanlar için bir tür okul görevi görmüştür. Ayrıca mitoloji; ‎insanların yaşadığı coğrafyaya ait önemli gördükleri kişileri, nesneleri ve mekânları kutsallaştırıp, sırrını çözemedikleri ‎olayları -metafizik âlem- gerek nesir ve gerekse şiirde çeşitli olağanüstü şekillerde yorumlamasına yardımcı olan bir ‎olgudur. Arap mitolojisine gelecek olursak; kökeni İslam öncesi dönemle başlamış olan Arap şiirinde mitolojik öğe ‎kullanımı, modern Arap edebiyatı olarak isimlendirilen evrede farklı ivmeler kazanmıştır. Arap dünyasının Batı ile olan ‎ilişkiler neticesinde 20. yy. ilk çeyreğinde ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105523602/Mythological_Themes_in_Modern_Arab_Poetry","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-08-12T12:40:49.439-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Mythological_Themes_in_Modern_Arab_Poetry","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Bu çalışmanın ana hedefi “İnsanlar neden mitolojik figürlere ihtiyaç duyarlar?” ve “Mitolojik figürler kullandıklarında ‎değişen nedir?” sorularına cevap aramaktır. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92164957"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92164957/Bir_B%C3%BCrokrat_%C5%9Eair_%C3%96mer_Eb%C3%BB_R%C3%AE%C5%9Fe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bir Bürokrat Şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95247247/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92164957/Bir_B%C3%BCrokrat_%C5%9Eair_%C3%96mer_Eb%C3%BB_R%C3%AE%C5%9Fe">Bir Bürokrat Şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi</span><span>, Jan 15, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Özet Modern Arap Edebiyatının başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısın...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Özet Modern Arap Edebiyatının başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, Arap edebiyatı hem şiir hem de nesir alanında bir modernleşme sürecine girmiştir. Asırlardır süregelen klasik Arap şiir sanatı batı şiirinin örnek alınması neticesinde bünyesinde birçok şiir akımı, ekolü veya topluluğu ile bu ekollere mensup şair ve yazarlar vücuda getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Suriyeli şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe'nin kısa biyografisiyle beraber klasik, romantik ve parnasist dönemlerine ait kısa bilgiler verilecektir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e2f3dfd03b776127a727f0bbad79bc4a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95247247,"asset_id":92164957,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95247247/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92164957"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92164957"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92164957; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92164957]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92164957]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92164957; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92164957']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 92164957, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e2f3dfd03b776127a727f0bbad79bc4a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92164957]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92164957,"title":"Bir Bürokrat Şair Ömer Ebû Rîşe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Özet Modern Arap Edebiyatının başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, Arap edebiyatı hem şiir hem de nesir alanında bir modernleşme sürecine girmiştir. 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Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş, İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gib...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e1e408a8bf0953d5c7c206d0059cdc49" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88904897,"asset_id":83619623,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88904897/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83619623"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83619623"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83619623; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83619623]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=83619623]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83619623; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='83619623']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 83619623, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e1e408a8bf0953d5c7c206d0059cdc49" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=83619623]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":83619623,"title":"Jesus Christ as a Symbolic Figure in Modern Arabic Poetry","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Edebiyatın önemli akımlarından birisi de sembolizmdir. Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. 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Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. 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Bir edebiyat türü olarak şiirde sembolizm, şairinin “bir takım simgeler çerçevesinde meramını kapalı bir dille anlatımı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Klasik Arap edebiyatında çokça örneklerine rastladığımız bu akım, Arapların Avrupa edebiyatıyla tanışması sonucu tekrar belirgin hale gelmiştir. İlk olarak Charles Baudelarie ile Avrupa edebiyatında sahneye çıkmış olan sembolizmin Arap edebiyatına yansıması ise Temmuzî akımla zirveye ulaşmıştır. Arap toplumundaki gerek gergin siyasi ortam, gerekse şiirlerdeki kapalılık olgusundan kaynaklı anlam derinliğine ulaşma fikri, birçok şairin bu edebi akıma katılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Sembolizmin en önemli unsuru figürdür. Bu bağlamda modern dönem sembol figürlerden birisi de hiç şüphesiz İsa Mesih’tir. Mesih sembolü, nesirde Cebrâ İbrahîm Cebrâ ve Cibrân Halîl Cibrân, şiirde ise Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Halîl Hâvî, Mahmûd Dervîş, İzzeddîn el-Munâsara, Emel Dunkul ve Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî gib...","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":88904897,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88904897/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"395351872.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88904897/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Jesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Mod.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/88904897/395351872-libre.pdf?1658613953=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJesus_Christ_as_a_Symbolic_Figure_in_Mod.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599563\u0026Signature=DsRUmxv2TL~pdmIqd-GiK2xD8INrnDnGeJh97CISIPqSexQpMXn8AOcL1Ksg42oi18GOh2X9tKCq8JiojkI6FFMu7~RD9WswYOMr2ItAvkRNmiX2EH~tnafGrnwI6ti5Re2o~BOmcRx~VJtb4NmZ3RtYfHLN927U7xGZ2RFfrOtBH1mCKodU5w2PxGAm5rh1o-QZwxxYOGP4M9JVDU5Qta7BuYwlFqqU0VjnEcHDVB4PcNWkCAW52G9osZEatSbIiHVXVr9EHv3ztQ8JIH7IgrJNhiY51HYJiz56nRoqWNCZ95ozlmwtcnV9quacFYKt7dxtSC9nDDlp68DQhKrmww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3581,"name":"Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry"},{"id":7370,"name":"Symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbolism"},{"id":51522,"name":"Modern Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Poetry"},{"id":117575,"name":"Jesus Christ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jesus_Christ"},{"id":396611,"name":"şiir","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%C5%9Fiir"},{"id":808944,"name":"Sembolizm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sembolizm"},{"id":2755445,"name":"Modern Arap Şiiri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiiri"}],"urls":[{"id":22389925,"url":"https://core.ac.uk/download/395351872.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="81182511"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/81182511/The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benefits_on_Teaching_Arabic"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Four Language Skills and Their Benefits on Teaching Arabic" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87316681/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/81182511/The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benefits_on_Teaching_Arabic">The Four Language Skills and Their Benefits on Teaching Arabic</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skill...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skills present in humanbeing. Listed as reading, writing, listening and talking the four basic skills are the main tool and the main target of both learning and teaching. When these skills are applied to teachers, students and also course material, they will make one the owner of an affective language. In this study the benefits of using natural language skills (Direct Method) on teaching Arabic is emphasized.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="91ff30a5994800bef19a9f7179f4f69f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":87316681,"asset_id":81182511,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87316681/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="81182511"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81182511"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81182511; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81182511]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81182511]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81182511; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='81182511']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81182511, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "91ff30a5994800bef19a9f7179f4f69f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=81182511]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":81182511,"title":"The Four Language Skills and Their Benefits on Teaching Arabic","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Journal of Academic Social Science Studies","grobid_abstract":"The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skills present in humanbeing. 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In this study the benefits of using natural language skills (Direct Method) on teaching Arabic is emphasized.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2012,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":87316681},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81182511/The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benefits_on_Teaching_Arabic","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-06-10T10:49:00.606-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87316681,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/87316681/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"637216044_usta_ibrahim_TT.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87316681/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benef.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/87316681/637216044_usta_ibrahim_TT-libre.pdf?1654884256=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benef.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=B-AaEjnKKUn1N65eLwLeMYCx0oUPPFDdiim8tRRERKL0O~2WWyiSGeTpgEUA~8rIueT-zzDrUT5J-m4Md~gVlR1W6aftHZpFEUMJEZtkj~a~PDmv59UWkd8kP5RDnKDikWhlR1EC1LkK6gumA5oXM8hfj1T0N4FUzxkBXl3Qxd0n-~3iuHLKOpu~KARcluz-fUdv3d64ryy8eu46QqJpBvgt412lfYtK5xwUmarydzkDy7hzZF5LHdTeFF~tFdguc5M7-6kax25fw7Od62YrRWCp9K1bepUBcpb8~~XcaarZ8FnJavbPJVa4jF6JrseTnB4jiR4g4qZFoH2ntv6m7g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_Four_Language_Skills_and_Their_Benefits_on_Teaching_Arabic","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"The most basic condition of learning a foreign language effectively is using the four basic skills present in humanbeing. 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As a literary movement, it is defined ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">One of the important movements in literature is symbolism. As a literary movement, it is defined as an allusive expression of the mind and spirit of the poet within the framework of a number of symbols. This movement, which we find many examples in the classical Arabic literature, has reappeared as a result of the introduction of Arabs to the European literature. The reflection of symbolism, which first appeared in the European literature with Charles Baudelarie, reached its peak with the Tammuzi movement in the Arab literature. The idea of reaching the depth of meaning arising both from the tense political environment in the Arab society and the phenomenon of allusiveness in poetry has led many poets to participate in this literary movement. The most important element of symbolism is the figure. Undoubtedy, one of the symbolic figures of the modern period in this context is Jesus Christ. The symbol of Christ has been constantly mentioned by Jebra Ibrahim Jebra and Jibran Khalil Jibran in prose, and by the pioneers of the modern poetry such as Badr Shakir al-Sayyab, Khalil Hawi, Mahmoud Darvish, Izz ad-Din al-Musanara, Amal Dunqul and Abdul Wahhab al-Bayati in poetry. Both Muslim and Christian poets have tried to explain the meaning they want to express with some symbols such as mercy, hope, resistance, leader, affliction, identification and expatriate within the framework of Christ.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="78df92f85953d99e89f0fd4212d56781" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86915123,"asset_id":80579469,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86915123/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80579469"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80579469"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579469; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579469]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579469]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579469; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80579469']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80579469, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "78df92f85953d99e89f0fd4212d56781" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80579469]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80579469,"title":"Modern Arap Şiirinde Sembolik Bir Figür Olarak İsâ Mesîh","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"FSM Scholarly Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","grobid_abstract":"One of the important movements in literature is symbolism. 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The symbol of Christ has been constantly mentioned by Jebra Ibrahim Jebra and Jibran Khalil Jibran in prose, and by the pioneers of the modern poetry such as Badr Shakir al-Sayyab, Khalil Hawi, Mahmoud Darvish, Izz ad-Din al-Musanara, Amal Dunqul and Abdul Wahhab al-Bayati in poetry. 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The symbol of Christ has been constantly mentioned by Jebra Ibrahim Jebra and Jibran Khalil Jibran in prose, and by the pioneers of the modern poetry such as Badr Shakir al-Sayyab, Khalil Hawi, Mahmoud Darvish, Izz ad-Din al-Musanara, Amal Dunqul and Abdul Wahhab al-Bayati in poetry. 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They either by tribes or tribes to which they are slave children to have acted contrary to the rules or difficult to spawn a tribe fired anyone because they are forced to choose. As a result, highwayman their tribal life, living out justice request exhausted, family and tribal ties severed, cruelty ridden this resort for themselves in the persecuted, believing tribe and wealth to the owners and the world 's property pouts are people. To society of fear and anxiety, releasing space in the desert holds a strong body of these people are the only weapon. However, courage, relentless enemy attacks and death and life of seeing the same value, which makes them different from others is one of the most basic features. At the same time they act with compassion for the poor and the poor, they have achieved in the raids as spoils to distribute to the needy should not forget the human side. A significant portion of bandits attack against the rich and stingy have done. In this study, a lot of emphasis on the Arab literary poets, which will be dealt with bandits. Of pre-Islamic, early Islamic, Umayyad and Abbasid first periods we have seen in the first inhabited by bandits poet economic, social and cultural environment are examined in a sense, the reasons which impelled them banditry were discussed. Topics at the end of each period and a brief biography of the poet's most famous poem with a few verse will be brought to the attention of the reader.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bfecfbb4f71754e98cb444f346f3b22a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86915120,"asset_id":80579461,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86915120/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80579461"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80579461"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579461; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579461]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80579461]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80579461; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80579461']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80579461, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bfecfbb4f71754e98cb444f346f3b22a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80579461]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80579461,"title":"Arap Edebiyatında Eşkiya Şairler","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Journal of Turkish Studies","grobid_abstract":"Bandit poets very harsh conditions of life in the Arabian Peninsula is now in place in the mountains and vast deserts have kept in groups are known to be thieves. They either by tribes or tribes to which they are slave children to have acted contrary to the rules or difficult to spawn a tribe fired anyone because they are forced to choose. As a result, highwayman their tribal life, living out justice request exhausted, family and tribal ties severed, cruelty ridden this resort for themselves in the persecuted, believing tribe and wealth to the owners and the world 's property pouts are people. To society of fear and anxiety, releasing space in the desert holds a strong body of these people are the only weapon. However, courage, relentless enemy attacks and death and life of seeing the same value, which makes them different from others is one of the most basic features. At the same time they act with compassion for the poor and the poor, they have achieved in the raids as spoils to distribute to the needy should not forget the human side. A significant portion of bandits attack against the rich and stingy have done. 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Edebu’s-sevra veya edebu’l-mukaveme olarak adlandırılan bu dönem,Türkçede direniş edebiyatı olarak karşılık bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada mevcut rejime 70 şairin şiirlerinden bir seçki sunmaya çalışılmıştır. Şairlerin bir kısmı halen Suriye'de yaşarken,diğer bir bir kısmı ise dünyanın değişik ülkelerine göç etmiş,vatanından uzakta bırakılmış kimselerden oluşmaktadır.<br />Şiirlerin temel konuları özgürlük,vatan özlemi,göç, gurbet,savaş manzaraları ve rejimi eleştiri şeklindedir. Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi adını verdiğimiz bu çalışmanın temel amacı  Türkiye insanının Suriye'de yaşanmakta olan dramı bizzat yaşayanların kaleminden okuyarak anlamasına katkı sunmaktadır…</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9b0f25a8e1b6ff24db1fd3bb4d1eb605" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":63879799,"asset_id":43574247,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63879799/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="43574247"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43574247"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43574247; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43574247]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43574247]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43574247; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='43574247']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43574247, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9b0f25a8e1b6ff24db1fd3bb4d1eb605" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=43574247]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":43574247,"title":"Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi(Suriye)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Suriye'de 2011 yılında başlayan ve günümüze kadar devam eden iç savaş yeni bir edebiyat devrinin oluşumuna sebebiyet vermiştir. 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Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi adını verdiğimiz bu çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye insanının Suriye'de yaşanmakta olan dramı bizzat yaşayanların kaleminden okuyarak anlamasına katkı sunmaktadır…","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":63879799,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/63879799/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Direnis_Siirleri_AntolojisiSuriye20200710-1809-1e2zqqt.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63879799/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Direnis_Siirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/63879799/Direnis_Siirleri_AntolojisiSuriye20200710-1809-1e2zqqt-libre.pdf?1594373445=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDirenis_Siirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=WdJUxbSVXtkLeOiSMoY8lUPjE1ffjOBOuj6F6F~xb01hPojF~f3qzABEPaydLFQakBNYvTW9KRwrdTI2aMvU6l84EbWUsFEiUjzu768uugtRY-Z6bNBxMDGtgWQX2okGO5f9UTeAsEoTp5LxJmmrU-iMSWPUAupsgRYWIOO1xs2CufWdlB8HDIulV5Op-YQKcZpWC4GfwVSwpiqJ5anJat5m9vaJSCu84iGzJ7w1xh8QnDNKRi9Cg~iCv3iS5WIFHlcPWqRJOoGpKjvTH-06IN9Hzq~GgWKApbnIL-yC1Zty4ZaRo5M6cvtM6hJdHVdeVR6PSMCZtjq1MghZOuOslQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2755445,"name":"Modern Arap Şiiri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiiri"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="41268064"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/41268064/Direni%C5%9F_%C5%9Eiirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi(Suriye)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61487173/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/41268064/Direni%C5%9F_%C5%9Eiirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye_">Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi(Suriye)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi(Suriye) Akdem Yayınları 2019</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Suriye’de 2011 yılında başlayan ve günümüze kadar devam eden iç savaş yeni bir edebiyat devrinin ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Suriye’de 2011 yılında başlayan ve günümüze kadar devam eden iç savaş yeni bir edebiyat devrinin açılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Edebu’s-sevra veya Edebu’l-mukâveme olarak adlandırılan bu dönem Türkçede Direniş Edebiyatı olarak tercüme edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada mevcut rejime muhalif 70 şairin şiirlerinden bir seçki sunmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu şairlerin bir kısmı hala Suriye’de yaşarken, diğer bir kısmı ise dünyanın değişik ülkelerine göç etmiş, vatanında uzakta bırakılmış kimselerden oluşmaktadır. Bu şiirlerin temel konuları özgürlük, vatan özlemi, göç, gurbet, savaş manzaraları ve rejimi eleştiri şeklindedir. Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi adını verdiğimiz bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye insanının Suriye’de yaşanmakta olan dramın, bunu yaşayanların kaleminden okuyarak anlamaya çalışmasıdır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c9e9db2bbb7f04ace6e4b3395708da3a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61487173,"asset_id":41268064,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61487173/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="41268064"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41268064"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41268064; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41268064]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41268064]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41268064; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='41268064']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41268064, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c9e9db2bbb7f04ace6e4b3395708da3a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=41268064]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":41268064,"title":"Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi(Suriye)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Suriye’de 2011 yılında başlayan ve günümüze kadar devam eden iç savaş yeni bir edebiyat devrinin açılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Edebu’s-sevra veya Edebu’l-mukâveme olarak adlandırılan bu dönem Türkçede Direniş Edebiyatı olarak tercüme edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada mevcut rejime muhalif 70 şairin şiirlerinden bir seçki sunmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu şairlerin bir kısmı hala Suriye’de yaşarken, diğer bir kısmı ise dünyanın değişik ülkelerine göç etmiş, vatanında uzakta bırakılmış kimselerden oluşmaktadır. Bu şiirlerin temel konuları özgürlük, vatan özlemi, göç, gurbet, savaş manzaraları ve rejimi eleştiri şeklindedir. Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi adını verdiğimiz bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye insanının Suriye’de yaşanmakta olan dramın, bunu yaşayanların kaleminden okuyarak anlamaya çalışmasıdır.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi(Suriye) Akdem Yayınları 2019"},"translated_abstract":"Suriye’de 2011 yılında başlayan ve günümüze kadar devam eden iç savaş yeni bir edebiyat devrinin açılmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Edebu’s-sevra veya Edebu’l-mukâveme olarak adlandırılan bu dönem Türkçede Direniş Edebiyatı olarak tercüme edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada mevcut rejime muhalif 70 şairin şiirlerinden bir seçki sunmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu şairlerin bir kısmı hala Suriye’de yaşarken, diğer bir kısmı ise dünyanın değişik ülkelerine göç etmiş, vatanında uzakta bırakılmış kimselerden oluşmaktadır. Bu şiirlerin temel konuları özgürlük, vatan özlemi, göç, gurbet, savaş manzaraları ve rejimi eleştiri şeklindedir. 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Direniş Şiirleri Antolojisi adını verdiğimiz bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye insanının Suriye’de yaşanmakta olan dramın, bunu yaşayanların kaleminden okuyarak anlamaya çalışmasıdır.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":61487173,"title":"","file_type":"pptx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61487173/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Direnis_Siirleri_AntolojisiSuriye20191211-115387-8ggdy0.pptx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61487173/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Direnis_Siirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye.pptx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61487173/Direnis_Siirleri_AntolojisiSuriye20191211-115387-8ggdy0.pptx?1576087290=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDirenis_Siirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye.pptx\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=cF~e8OtaMFZJKbaur8340ylezV15Q5abzWGHDBDUd02FU2L4Vy1~KeLAb7DPqLYbzPZnvxhDfXFXr~7A--mEkf2HkzoJP0Bp2mhfNC2bQgTYjim-3~ITw3xdGqezt1P0V-2UEZ8Ivo5XOJDkhDcaUJ3~EBfgGUj2HM6iU0sM8tBIZAr8bIOKGha8m4j7TyxcXeVzM971t5QepExsEdrPBPQ-lMUAVLulNzJXrLKTKTh3X6kA-FK~RL4rZRG9XXz73TOA8KQlNyybDfEUK148h~p7VslZS9ct26krIO-fOMwa5DTMwqgmE-RDaIgrlcEjIr78OOMi~a5BTxCgXbwjSw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":61487242,"title":"","file_type":"pptx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61487242/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Direnis_Siirleri_AntolojisiSuriye.pptx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61487242/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Direnis_Siirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye.pptx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61487242/Direnis_Siirleri_AntolojisiSuriye.pptx?1576087669=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDirenis_Siirleri_Antolojisi_Suriye.pptx\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=GpViwefw6X9wPkylieyIYQ9rGzr~sq86kPGXZqKFkyktjEUeGpRUl69CuVRs04TSfRZW0e1h-OhkI8LkTPsiW0K60xTJQaB0zYawHyXUJxJGQY7MSbbV18-ShqsK2WIcsyajcP3mEjfu1NTA21g3fkMGAA4ynJdtUJyl2eiOssU1ORcjlsEVKfWOco0-mgpTMSSZMGc72gy08sm-B5HjwBPchfhcDDqr1xn98hcdywvcbiaRv0bv~cXPWdK~eKdnryi73UCJftgwZOsQ-774CjYQDexGoab64TBDAULiukR8MtZnjZMX36wChEgVlRz-4zT7QklKZI-1ble5yb07-g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":30919,"name":"Modern Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Literature"},{"id":51522,"name":"Modern Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Poetry"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35569255"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35569255/MODERN_SUR%C4%B0YE_%C5%9E%C4%B0%C4%B0R%C4%B0NDE_EDEB%C3%8E_AKIMLAR_VE_TEMS%C4%B0LC%C4%B0LER%C4%B0"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of MODERN SURİYE ŞİİRİNDE EDEBÎ AKIMLAR VE TEMSİLCİLERİ" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55435461/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35569255/MODERN_SUR%C4%B0YE_%C5%9E%C4%B0%C4%B0R%C4%B0NDE_EDEB%C3%8E_AKIMLAR_VE_TEMS%C4%B0LC%C4%B0LER%C4%B0">MODERN SURİYE ŞİİRİNDE EDEBÎ AKIMLAR VE TEMSİLCİLERİ</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine baktığımızda Arap şiirinin, gerek şekil, gerekse konu açısından k...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine baktığımızda Arap şiirinin, gerek şekil, gerekse konu açısından klâsik Arap şiirinden çok farklı bir çizgiye yöneldiğini müşahede etmekteyiz. Bunun temel sebeplerinden biriside hiç şüphesiz ki, yaşadığımız dünyada farklı zaman ve nedenlerle ortaya çıkan edebi ekollerdir.  Hayatın her yönünde büyük değişime sebebiyet veren bu ekollerin,  doğal olarak, modern Suriye edebiyatına da birtakım yansımaları olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Suriye edebiyatındaki klasiklerin önemli şairlerinden sayılan Muhammed el-Bizm, Hayreddîn ez-Ziriklî, Halîl Merdembek, Şefik Cebrî ve Bedevî Cebel; romantik ekolden Nesîb ᷾Arîda, Vasfî Kurunfulî, Zekî Konsul, Abdüsselâm ῾Uyûn’s-Sûd, Nizâr Kabbânî ve Abdulbâsit es-Sûfî; parnasyenlerden Hayreddîn el-Esedî, Nedîm Muhammed ve Ömer Ebû Rîşe; realistlerden Abdüsselâm el-῾Uceylî, Süleymân el-῾İsâ, Şevkî Bağdâdî, Muhammed el-Mâğût ve Fâyiz Haddûr; sürrealistlerden Orhân Müyesser, Nihâd Rıdâ, Adonis ve Muhammed ῾İmrân  ve son olarak semboliklerden ῾Alî el-Cündî, Abdülkerîm en-Nâ῾im, Memdûh ᷾Advân ve Nezîh Ebû ῾Afeş gibi şairler ve şiirlerinden kesitleri kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Suriye’de ortaya çıkan edebi ekol temsilcilerini Türk araştırmacılarla tanıştırarak, okuyucuya;  karanlıkta kalmış gibi görünen Suriye edebiyatı hakkında bir nebze ışık tutabilmektir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8486f326e93829dad8fd3e92f8d02585" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55435461,"asset_id":35569255,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55435461/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35569255"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35569255"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35569255; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35569255]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35569255]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35569255; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35569255']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35569255, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8486f326e93829dad8fd3e92f8d02585" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35569255]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35569255,"title":"MODERN SURİYE ŞİİRİNDE EDEBÎ AKIMLAR VE TEMSİLCİLERİ","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine baktığımızda Arap şiirinin, gerek şekil, gerekse konu açısından klâsik Arap şiirinden çok farklı bir çizgiye yöneldiğini müşahede etmekteyiz. Bunun temel sebeplerinden biriside hiç şüphesiz ki, yaşadığımız dünyada farklı zaman ve nedenlerle ortaya çıkan edebi ekollerdir. Hayatın her yönünde büyük değişime sebebiyet veren bu ekollerin, doğal olarak, modern Suriye edebiyatına da birtakım yansımaları olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Suriye edebiyatındaki klasiklerin önemli şairlerinden sayılan Muhammed el-Bizm, Hayreddîn ez-Ziriklî, Halîl Merdembek, Şefik Cebrî ve Bedevî Cebel; romantik ekolden Nesîb ᷾Arîda, Vasfî Kurunfulî, Zekî Konsul, Abdüsselâm ῾Uyûn’s-Sûd, Nizâr Kabbânî ve Abdulbâsit es-Sûfî; parnasyenlerden Hayreddîn el-Esedî, Nedîm Muhammed ve Ömer Ebû Rîşe; realistlerden Abdüsselâm el-῾Uceylî, Süleymân el-῾İsâ, Şevkî Bağdâdî, Muhammed el-Mâğût ve Fâyiz Haddûr; sürrealistlerden Orhân Müyesser, Nihâd Rıdâ, Adonis ve Muhammed ῾İmrân ve son olarak semboliklerden ῾Alî el-Cündî, Abdülkerîm en-Nâ῾im, Memdûh ᷾Advân ve Nezîh Ebû ῾Afeş gibi şairler ve şiirlerinden kesitleri kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Suriye’de ortaya çıkan edebi ekol temsilcilerini Türk araştırmacılarla tanıştırarak, okuyucuya; karanlıkta kalmış gibi görünen Suriye edebiyatı hakkında bir nebze ışık tutabilmektir."},"translated_abstract":"Yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine baktığımızda Arap şiirinin, gerek şekil, gerekse konu açısından klâsik Arap şiirinden çok farklı bir çizgiye yöneldiğini müşahede etmekteyiz. Bunun temel sebeplerinden biriside hiç şüphesiz ki, yaşadığımız dünyada farklı zaman ve nedenlerle ortaya çıkan edebi ekollerdir. Hayatın her yönünde büyük değişime sebebiyet veren bu ekollerin, doğal olarak, modern Suriye edebiyatına da birtakım yansımaları olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Suriye edebiyatındaki klasiklerin önemli şairlerinden sayılan Muhammed el-Bizm, Hayreddîn ez-Ziriklî, Halîl Merdembek, Şefik Cebrî ve Bedevî Cebel; romantik ekolden Nesîb ᷾Arîda, Vasfî Kurunfulî, Zekî Konsul, Abdüsselâm ῾Uyûn’s-Sûd, Nizâr Kabbânî ve Abdulbâsit es-Sûfî; parnasyenlerden Hayreddîn el-Esedî, Nedîm Muhammed ve Ömer Ebû Rîşe; realistlerden Abdüsselâm el-῾Uceylî, Süleymân el-῾İsâ, Şevkî Bağdâdî, Muhammed el-Mâğût ve Fâyiz Haddûr; sürrealistlerden Orhân Müyesser, Nihâd Rıdâ, Adonis ve Muhammed ῾İmrân ve son olarak semboliklerden ῾Alî el-Cündî, Abdülkerîm en-Nâ῾im, Memdûh ᷾Advân ve Nezîh Ebû ῾Afeş gibi şairler ve şiirlerinden kesitleri kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Suriye’de ortaya çıkan edebi ekol temsilcilerini Türk araştırmacılarla tanıştırarak, okuyucuya; karanlıkta kalmış gibi görünen Suriye edebiyatı hakkında bir nebze ışık tutabilmektir.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35569255/MODERN_SUR%C4%B0YE_%C5%9E%C4%B0%C4%B0R%C4%B0NDE_EDEB%C3%8E_AKIMLAR_VE_TEMS%C4%B0LC%C4%B0LER%C4%B0","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-01-03T08:54:29.344-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55435461,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55435461/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Kitap_kapak.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55435461/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"MODERN_SURIYE_SIIRINDE_EDEBI_AKIMLAR_VE.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55435461/Kitap_kapak-libre.pdf?1514998860=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMODERN_SURIYE_SIIRINDE_EDEBI_AKIMLAR_VE.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=Y1DPl2oL1wzsEt7GPPqwUnyF68LtHl1~OY~AvdQUV5SukqIvz4k2507j~cyVtRWj0MdwdCfXXNthPJAgAWNdOEU18-G0VBpTP9N2lSz8o261o5tfm27tLDEXBNJUnON4lhB2jgyLK4scSvweoCo3zLzlqWMu0P6WbXzBn52WwBfBGLSVQUUi-UUXz4zrnHnkNJ~m~RVRaW3kXEvopK4iudy9AL4p8rCx1k7N-eu7J28LIJcRqjRgwH9HieD0rv9Q1OCTw3Z56dp1OtJ3rhd6yOoXlsX9CgfcmtthCyN4Kkce7O7OXcW-3R8CI7K2GXTAdo8ZfvQ3izzJCfNmrgClTg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"MODERN_SURİYE_ŞİİRİNDE_EDEBÎ_AKIMLAR_VE_TEMSİLCİLERİ","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"Yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeyreğine baktığımızda Arap şiirinin, gerek şekil, gerekse konu açısından klâsik Arap şiirinden çok farklı bir çizgiye yöneldiğini müşahede etmekteyiz. Bunun temel sebeplerinden biriside hiç şüphesiz ki, yaşadığımız dünyada farklı zaman ve nedenlerle ortaya çıkan edebi ekollerdir. Hayatın her yönünde büyük değişime sebebiyet veren bu ekollerin, doğal olarak, modern Suriye edebiyatına da birtakım yansımaları olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Suriye edebiyatındaki klasiklerin önemli şairlerinden sayılan Muhammed el-Bizm, Hayreddîn ez-Ziriklî, Halîl Merdembek, Şefik Cebrî ve Bedevî Cebel; romantik ekolden Nesîb ᷾Arîda, Vasfî Kurunfulî, Zekî Konsul, Abdüsselâm ῾Uyûn’s-Sûd, Nizâr Kabbânî ve Abdulbâsit es-Sûfî; parnasyenlerden Hayreddîn el-Esedî, Nedîm Muhammed ve Ömer Ebû Rîşe; realistlerden Abdüsselâm el-῾Uceylî, Süleymân el-῾İsâ, Şevkî Bağdâdî, Muhammed el-Mâğût ve Fâyiz Haddûr; sürrealistlerden Orhân Müyesser, Nihâd Rıdâ, Adonis ve Muhammed ῾İmrân ve son olarak semboliklerden ῾Alî el-Cündî, Abdülkerîm en-Nâ῾im, Memdûh ᷾Advân ve Nezîh Ebû ῾Afeş gibi şairler ve şiirlerinden kesitleri kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Suriye’de ortaya çıkan edebi ekol temsilcilerini Türk araştırmacılarla tanıştırarak, okuyucuya; karanlıkta kalmış gibi görünen Suriye edebiyatı hakkında bir nebze ışık tutabilmektir.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":55435461,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55435461/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Kitap_kapak.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55435461/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"MODERN_SURIYE_SIIRINDE_EDEBI_AKIMLAR_VE.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55435461/Kitap_kapak-libre.pdf?1514998860=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMODERN_SURIYE_SIIRINDE_EDEBI_AKIMLAR_VE.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=Y1DPl2oL1wzsEt7GPPqwUnyF68LtHl1~OY~AvdQUV5SukqIvz4k2507j~cyVtRWj0MdwdCfXXNthPJAgAWNdOEU18-G0VBpTP9N2lSz8o261o5tfm27tLDEXBNJUnON4lhB2jgyLK4scSvweoCo3zLzlqWMu0P6WbXzBn52WwBfBGLSVQUUi-UUXz4zrnHnkNJ~m~RVRaW3kXEvopK4iudy9AL4p8rCx1k7N-eu7J28LIJcRqjRgwH9HieD0rv9Q1OCTw3Z56dp1OtJ3rhd6yOoXlsX9CgfcmtthCyN4Kkce7O7OXcW-3R8CI7K2GXTAdo8ZfvQ3izzJCfNmrgClTg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":30919,"name":"Modern Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Literature"},{"id":51522,"name":"Modern Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Poetry"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="9967768" id="conferencepresentations"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="80589782"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/80589782/DUMLUPINAR_ZAFER%C4%B0N%C4%B0N_MISIRLI_%C5%9EA%C4%B0R_AHMED_%C5%9EEVK%C4%B0N%C4%B0N_%C5%9E%C4%B0%C4%B0RLER%C4%B0NE_YANSIMASI_THE_REFLECTION_OF_DUMLUPINAR_VICTORY_ON_THE_EGYPTIAN_POET_AHMAD_SHAWQIS_POETRY_%C4%B0brahim_USTA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of DUMLUPINAR ZAFERİ'NİN MISIRLI ŞAİR AHMED ŞEVKİ'NİN ŞİİRLERİNE YANSIMASI THE REFLECTION OF DUMLUPINAR VICTORY ON THE EGYPTIAN POET AHMAD SHAWQI'S POETRY İbrahim USTA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86921771/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/80589782/DUMLUPINAR_ZAFER%C4%B0N%C4%B0N_MISIRLI_%C5%9EA%C4%B0R_AHMED_%C5%9EEVK%C4%B0N%C4%B0N_%C5%9E%C4%B0%C4%B0RLER%C4%B0NE_YANSIMASI_THE_REFLECTION_OF_DUMLUPINAR_VICTORY_ON_THE_EGYPTIAN_POET_AHMAD_SHAWQIS_POETRY_%C4%B0brahim_USTA">DUMLUPINAR ZAFERİ'NİN MISIRLI ŞAİR AHMED ŞEVKİ'NİN ŞİİRLERİNE YANSIMASI THE REFLECTION OF DUMLUPINAR VICTORY ON THE EGYPTIAN POET AHMAD SHAWQI'S POETRY İbrahim USTA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Doğumunun 141. Yılında Uluslararası Atatürk Sempozyumu </span><span>, 2022</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Edebiyatın en eski anlatım tarzı olan şiir, sözlükte; sezgi, ilham, duygu ve heyecandan kaynaklan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Edebiyatın en eski anlatım tarzı olan şiir, sözlükte; sezgi, ilham, duygu ve heyecandan kaynaklanan uyumlu, ölçülü ve ahenkli söz” anlamlarına gelmektedir. Spesifik bir terim olarak ise; dilin anlam, ses ve ritim ögelerini düzgün bir biçim kullanarak; duygu, hayal ve düşüncelerin, etkileyici bir dil ve ahenkli mısralar içinde aktarılmasıdır. Bu bağlamda şiir,  dilin ve insanın özü, toplumsal hayatın aynasıdır. Şiirin birçok kısmı olmakla birlikte, methiye/övgü şiirleri bunların en önemlileri arasına girmektedir. Övgü; bir kimsenin cesaret, mertlik, yiğitlik, cömertlik, yardımseverlik, sabır ve doğruluk gibi iyi vasıflarını dile getirmek demektir. Bu bağlamda çağdaş dönem Arap şairlerinin en ünlülerinden birisi olan Ahmed Şevkî’nin Dumlupınar zaferi nedeniyle Mustafa Kemal Paşa’ya ithafen yazdığı şiir ele alınacaktır. Ahmed Şevkî 1870 Kahire doğumludur ve 1932 yılında yine Kahire’de vefat etmiştir. Arap şiirine kazandırdığı yenilikler dolayısıyla ona "Emîru'ş-Şu'arâ"  yani “şairlerin prensi” unvanı verilmiştir ve bugün hâlâ bu unvanla tanınmaktadır. Tarihimizin en önemli savaşlarından biri olan Dumlupınar savaşı aynı zamanda Başkomutanlık meydan muharebesi olarak da bilinmektedir. Dumlupınar savaşı bilindiği gibi Türk milletinin ölüm-kalım savaşlarından birisidir. Bu savaşın kazanılmasıyla Yunanlılar kesin olarak Anadolu topraklarından atılmıştır. Savaşta gösterdiği kahramanlık ve askeri deha sayesinde Mustafa Kemal taraflı tarafsız herkesin hayranlığını ve saygınlığını kazanmış bir lider olma yolunda ilerlemiştir. Ahmed Şevkî bu savaşın kazanılması üzerine duyduğu sevinci ve savaşın komutanı olan Mustafa Kemal Paşa’yı seksen sekiz beyitlik bir şiirle övmüştür. Bu çalışmada bu şiirden kesitler sunulacaktır.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="84f67858687c6ba539f37476a2b36da7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":86921771,"asset_id":80589782,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86921771/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="80589782"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80589782"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80589782; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80589782]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80589782]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80589782; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='80589782']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80589782, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "84f67858687c6ba539f37476a2b36da7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=80589782]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":80589782,"title":"DUMLUPINAR ZAFERİ'NİN MISIRLI ŞAİR AHMED ŞEVKİ'NİN ŞİİRLERİNE YANSIMASI THE REFLECTION OF DUMLUPINAR VICTORY ON THE EGYPTIAN POET AHMAD SHAWQI'S POETRY İbrahim USTA","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Edebiyatın en eski anlatım tarzı olan şiir, sözlükte; sezgi, ilham, duygu ve heyecandan kaynaklanan uyumlu, ölçülü ve ahenkli söz” anlamlarına gelmektedir. Spesifik bir terim olarak ise; dilin anlam, ses ve ritim ögelerini düzgün bir biçim kullanarak; duygu, hayal ve düşüncelerin, etkileyici bir dil ve ahenkli mısralar içinde aktarılmasıdır. Bu bağlamda şiir, dilin ve insanın özü, toplumsal hayatın aynasıdır. Şiirin birçok kısmı olmakla birlikte, methiye/övgü şiirleri bunların en önemlileri arasına girmektedir. Övgü; bir kimsenin cesaret, mertlik, yiğitlik, cömertlik, yardımseverlik, sabır ve doğruluk gibi iyi vasıflarını dile getirmek demektir. Bu bağlamda çağdaş dönem Arap şairlerinin en ünlülerinden birisi olan Ahmed Şevkî’nin Dumlupınar zaferi nedeniyle Mustafa Kemal Paşa’ya ithafen yazdığı şiir ele alınacaktır. Ahmed Şevkî 1870 Kahire doğumludur ve 1932 yılında yine Kahire’de vefat etmiştir. Arap şiirine kazandırdığı yenilikler dolayısıyla ona \"Emîru'ş-Şu'arâ\" yani “şairlerin prensi” unvanı verilmiştir ve bugün hâlâ bu unvanla tanınmaktadır. 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Tarihimizin en önemli savaşlarından biri olan Dumlupınar savaşı aynı zamanda Başkomutanlık meydan muharebesi olarak da bilinmektedir. Dumlupınar savaşı bilindiği gibi Türk milletinin ölüm-kalım savaşlarından birisidir. Bu savaşın kazanılmasıyla Yunanlılar kesin olarak Anadolu topraklarından atılmıştır. Savaşta gösterdiği kahramanlık ve askeri deha sayesinde Mustafa Kemal taraflı tarafsız herkesin hayranlığını ve saygınlığını kazanmış bir lider olma yolunda ilerlemiştir. Ahmed Şevkî bu savaşın kazanılması üzerine duyduğu sevinci ve savaşın komutanı olan Mustafa Kemal Paşa’yı seksen sekiz beyitlik bir şiirle övmüştür. 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Spesifik bir terim olarak ise; dilin anlam, ses ve ritim ögelerini düzgün bir biçim kullanarak; duygu, hayal ve düşüncelerin, etkileyici bir dil ve ahenkli mısralar içinde aktarılmasıdır. Bu bağlamda şiir, dilin ve insanın özü, toplumsal hayatın aynasıdır. Şiirin birçok kısmı olmakla birlikte, methiye/övgü şiirleri bunların en önemlileri arasına girmektedir. Övgü; bir kimsenin cesaret, mertlik, yiğitlik, cömertlik, yardımseverlik, sabır ve doğruluk gibi iyi vasıflarını dile getirmek demektir. Bu bağlamda çağdaş dönem Arap şairlerinin en ünlülerinden birisi olan Ahmed Şevkî’nin Dumlupınar zaferi nedeniyle Mustafa Kemal Paşa’ya ithafen yazdığı şiir ele alınacaktır. Ahmed Şevkî 1870 Kahire doğumludur ve 1932 yılında yine Kahire’de vefat etmiştir. Arap şiirine kazandırdığı yenilikler dolayısıyla ona \"Emîru'ş-Şu'arâ\" yani “şairlerin prensi” unvanı verilmiştir ve bugün hâlâ bu unvanla tanınmaktadır. Tarihimizin en önemli savaşlarından biri olan Dumlupınar savaşı aynı zamanda Başkomutanlık meydan muharebesi olarak da bilinmektedir. Dumlupınar savaşı bilindiği gibi Türk milletinin ölüm-kalım savaşlarından birisidir. Bu savaşın kazanılmasıyla Yunanlılar kesin olarak Anadolu topraklarından atılmıştır. Savaşta gösterdiği kahramanlık ve askeri deha sayesinde Mustafa Kemal taraflı tarafsız herkesin hayranlığını ve saygınlığını kazanmış bir lider olma yolunda ilerlemiştir. Ahmed Şevkî bu savaşın kazanılması üzerine duyduğu sevinci ve savaşın komutanı olan Mustafa Kemal Paşa’yı seksen sekiz beyitlik bir şiirle övmüştür. Bu çalışmada bu şiirden kesitler sunulacaktır.","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":86921771,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86921771/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ATATURK_SEMPOZYUMU_94_100.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86921771/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"DUMLUPINAR_ZAFERININ_MISIRLI_SAIR_AHMED.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/86921771/ATATURK_SEMPOZYUMU_94_100-libre.pdf?1654243235=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDUMLUPINAR_ZAFERININ_MISIRLI_SAIR_AHMED.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=gcA7Z2qdwwZdVS6KVjJvy5SlbAaB20cTpU1AWRNKC-sfAKF2~VSifTjUZQ8EYNmGgFNgfaIWXLvoBcXeDCwP1lNzIVo-uAtzwOabnl3u2z13rwaZ9ZsbHCC3Q4Ezb-xCyVYFixrTIcYF37B83pHcJ4vQRXcRzOyHRRwjtClnT4NBy5ShD7hczxCjf9GWsVo~mnNMG25fHXdetm1SEEKH-zJYKKeV6Bt4mCrC~3C3ju85fHeH75-a09o3b5iMeRKDI4S0PNOrm4IKOnW0XTAKUi4qcl~~JrD2k3nqH--xF24NSa40~M8-5vlxfoXfqrKwWRNDwSYE7N6y45nKDaB0TQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":51522,"name":"Modern Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Poetry"},{"id":735672,"name":"Arabic Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Literature"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="41267903"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/41267903/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Niz%C3%A2r_Kabb%C3%A2n%C3%AE_ve_Muzaffer_en_Nevv%C3%A2b_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Modern Arap Şiirinde Siyasi Hiciv (Nizâr Kabbânî ve Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Örneği)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61486967/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/41267903/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Niz%C3%A2r_Kabb%C3%A2n%C3%AE_ve_Muzaffer_en_Nevv%C3%A2b_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_">Modern Arap Şiirinde Siyasi Hiciv (Nizâr Kabbânî ve Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Örneği)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2. ULUSLARARASI DERGİ KARADENİZ SOSYAL BİLİMLER SEMPOZYUMU SEMPOZYUM BİLDİRİLER KİTABI 21-23 HAZİRAN 2019 - GİRESUN</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ÖZET: Dilimizde yergi, taşlama, satir ve hiciv gibi kelimelerle de ifade edilen hiciv kelimesi; A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ÖZET: Dilimizde yergi, taşlama, satir ve hiciv gibi kelimelerle de ifade edilen hiciv kelimesi; Arapça kökenli bir kelime olup, sözlükte; "harfleri saymak, harfi harekesinden ayırmak ve heceleyerek okumak" gibi anlamlara gelmektedir. Istılahta ise hiciv: bir kişinin veya toplumun ayıp ve kusurlarını sayıp dökmek, haksızlıkları, çarpıklıkları, insanın hoşa gitmeyen yönlerini alaya alarak yermektir. Edebiyatın olduğu gibi Arap edebiyatında da hiciv, cahiliye döneminden başlayarak, günümüze kadar hiç değerini kaybetmeden gelmiştir. Bazı şairler için ekmek kapısı olan hiciv, keskin üslupları yüzünden bazı şairlerin de ölüm sebebidir. Bu çalışmada modern Arap edebiyatının keskin iki kalemşörü olan Suriyeli Nizâr Kabbânî ve Iraklı Muzaffer en-Nevvâb"ın toplumdaki çarpıklığı ortaya sermek ve zalim sultanları yermek için kaleme aldıkları birer adet şiirini sunmaya çalışacağız. Kabbânî şiirinde, yaşadığı istibdat ve zorbalık sebebiyle Suriye Devlet başkanı Hafız el-Esed başta olmak üzere Saddam Hüseyin, Kaddafi, Hüsnü Mübarek ve diğer Körfez şeyhlerini bu şiiriyle yermektedir. İkinci örneğimizde ise Iraklı şair Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Arap Birliği Zirvesini Arap toplumu adına hiçbir şey yapmadıkları için hicvetmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Arap edebiyatındaki siyasi hiciv anlayışının Türk okuyucularına yansıtılması ve Türk edebiyatındaki hiciv anlayışıyla karşılaştırılmasına zemin hazırlamaktır. <br />ABSTRACT: Satire, which is expressed by the words yergi, taşlama, and hiciv in Turkish is originally Arabic and means “to count the letters, to seperate the letter from the vowel point and spelling”. As a technical term, it is: to tell one‟s or a society‟s fault, to enumerate one‟s faults, to criticise shames, injustice, warps and negative sides of someone or the society. The importance of satire in the Arabic literature has a long history and it has never lost its value since the Jahiliyyah. It has been bread and butter for some poets but mortis causa for others because of their sharp wording. This study presents two poems of Syrian Nizar Qabbani and Iraqi Muzaffar al-Nawwab in which they crack the deformities open and vilify tyrant sultans. Qabbani vilifies Saddam Hussein, Qaddafi, Husni Mobarek and other Gulf sheikhs and Syrian President Hafiz Asad because of their oppression and tyranny. In the second example, Iraqi poet Muzaffar al-Nawwab satirizes Summit of the Arab Union as they do not do anything in the name of Arab society. The main purpose of this study is to reflect the political satire of Arab literature to the Turkish readers and to make it possible for possible comparisons.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="027be7f6dfd497728980eb31b1fafb49" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61486967,"asset_id":41267903,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61486967/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="41267903"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41267903"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41267903; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41267903]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41267903]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41267903; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='41267903']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41267903, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "027be7f6dfd497728980eb31b1fafb49" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=41267903]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":41267903,"title":"Modern Arap Şiirinde Siyasi Hiciv (Nizâr Kabbânî ve Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Örneği)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ÖZET: Dilimizde yergi, taşlama, satir ve hiciv gibi kelimelerle de ifade edilen hiciv kelimesi; Arapça kökenli bir kelime olup, sözlükte; \"harfleri saymak, harfi harekesinden ayırmak ve heceleyerek okumak\" gibi anlamlara gelmektedir. Istılahta ise hiciv: bir kişinin veya toplumun ayıp ve kusurlarını sayıp dökmek, haksızlıkları, çarpıklıkları, insanın hoşa gitmeyen yönlerini alaya alarak yermektir. Edebiyatın olduğu gibi Arap edebiyatında da hiciv, cahiliye döneminden başlayarak, günümüze kadar hiç değerini kaybetmeden gelmiştir. Bazı şairler için ekmek kapısı olan hiciv, keskin üslupları yüzünden bazı şairlerin de ölüm sebebidir. Bu çalışmada modern Arap edebiyatının keskin iki kalemşörü olan Suriyeli Nizâr Kabbânî ve Iraklı Muzaffer en-Nevvâb\"ın toplumdaki çarpıklığı ortaya sermek ve zalim sultanları yermek için kaleme aldıkları birer adet şiirini sunmaya çalışacağız. Kabbânî şiirinde, yaşadığı istibdat ve zorbalık sebebiyle Suriye Devlet başkanı Hafız el-Esed başta olmak üzere Saddam Hüseyin, Kaddafi, Hüsnü Mübarek ve diğer Körfez şeyhlerini bu şiiriyle yermektedir. İkinci örneğimizde ise Iraklı şair Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Arap Birliği Zirvesini Arap toplumu adına hiçbir şey yapmadıkları için hicvetmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Arap edebiyatındaki siyasi hiciv anlayışının Türk okuyucularına yansıtılması ve Türk edebiyatındaki hiciv anlayışıyla karşılaştırılmasına zemin hazırlamaktır. \nABSTRACT: Satire, which is expressed by the words yergi, taşlama, and hiciv in Turkish is originally Arabic and means “to count the letters, to seperate the letter from the vowel point and spelling”. As a technical term, it is: to tell one‟s or a society‟s fault, to enumerate one‟s faults, to criticise shames, injustice, warps and negative sides of someone or the society. The importance of satire in the Arabic literature has a long history and it has never lost its value since the Jahiliyyah. It has been bread and butter for some poets but mortis causa for others because of their sharp wording. This study presents two poems of Syrian Nizar Qabbani and Iraqi Muzaffar al-Nawwab in which they crack the deformities open and vilify tyrant sultans. Qabbani vilifies Saddam Hussein, Qaddafi, Husni Mobarek and other Gulf sheikhs and Syrian President Hafiz Asad because of their oppression and tyranny. In the second example, Iraqi poet Muzaffar al-Nawwab satirizes Summit of the Arab Union as they do not do anything in the name of Arab society. The main purpose of this study is to reflect the political satire of Arab literature to the Turkish readers and to make it possible for possible comparisons.\n\n","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2. ULUSLARARASI DERGİ KARADENİZ SOSYAL BİLİMLER SEMPOZYUMU SEMPOZYUM BİLDİRİLER KİTABI 21-23 HAZİRAN 2019 - GİRESUN"},"translated_abstract":"ÖZET: Dilimizde yergi, taşlama, satir ve hiciv gibi kelimelerle de ifade edilen hiciv kelimesi; Arapça kökenli bir kelime olup, sözlükte; \"harfleri saymak, harfi harekesinden ayırmak ve heceleyerek okumak\" gibi anlamlara gelmektedir. Istılahta ise hiciv: bir kişinin veya toplumun ayıp ve kusurlarını sayıp dökmek, haksızlıkları, çarpıklıkları, insanın hoşa gitmeyen yönlerini alaya alarak yermektir. Edebiyatın olduğu gibi Arap edebiyatında da hiciv, cahiliye döneminden başlayarak, günümüze kadar hiç değerini kaybetmeden gelmiştir. Bazı şairler için ekmek kapısı olan hiciv, keskin üslupları yüzünden bazı şairlerin de ölüm sebebidir. Bu çalışmada modern Arap edebiyatının keskin iki kalemşörü olan Suriyeli Nizâr Kabbânî ve Iraklı Muzaffer en-Nevvâb\"ın toplumdaki çarpıklığı ortaya sermek ve zalim sultanları yermek için kaleme aldıkları birer adet şiirini sunmaya çalışacağız. Kabbânî şiirinde, yaşadığı istibdat ve zorbalık sebebiyle Suriye Devlet başkanı Hafız el-Esed başta olmak üzere Saddam Hüseyin, Kaddafi, Hüsnü Mübarek ve diğer Körfez şeyhlerini bu şiiriyle yermektedir. İkinci örneğimizde ise Iraklı şair Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Arap Birliği Zirvesini Arap toplumu adına hiçbir şey yapmadıkları için hicvetmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Arap edebiyatındaki siyasi hiciv anlayışının Türk okuyucularına yansıtılması ve Türk edebiyatındaki hiciv anlayışıyla karşılaştırılmasına zemin hazırlamaktır. \nABSTRACT: Satire, which is expressed by the words yergi, taşlama, and hiciv in Turkish is originally Arabic and means “to count the letters, to seperate the letter from the vowel point and spelling”. As a technical term, it is: to tell one‟s or a society‟s fault, to enumerate one‟s faults, to criticise shames, injustice, warps and negative sides of someone or the society. The importance of satire in the Arabic literature has a long history and it has never lost its value since the Jahiliyyah. It has been bread and butter for some poets but mortis causa for others because of their sharp wording. This study presents two poems of Syrian Nizar Qabbani and Iraqi Muzaffar al-Nawwab in which they crack the deformities open and vilify tyrant sultans. Qabbani vilifies Saddam Hussein, Qaddafi, Husni Mobarek and other Gulf sheikhs and Syrian President Hafiz Asad because of their oppression and tyranny. In the second example, Iraqi poet Muzaffar al-Nawwab satirizes Summit of the Arab Union as they do not do anything in the name of Arab society. The main purpose of this study is to reflect the political satire of Arab literature to the Turkish readers and to make it possible for possible comparisons.\n\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41267903/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Niz%C3%A2r_Kabb%C3%A2n%C3%AE_ve_Muzaffer_en_Nevv%C3%A2b_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-12-11T09:32:33.254-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"conference_presentation","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61486967,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61486967/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar_Kabbani_ve_Muzaffer_en-Nevvab_Ornegi20191211-128056-1cjdrct.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61486967/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61486967/Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar_Kabbani_ve_Muzaffer_en-Nevvab_Ornegi20191211-128056-1cjdrct-libre.pdf?1576087447=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DModern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=eTPZvqJmjsyTohVW6SBgzCgNtbHgtRPZQP6bOVKcUK51IRg7uur30Bgfsg58Zwh1q-bCo~dTCMkPgWIoiRSzy4a7zMPYKILtpHV5ft81rogcjDD5-hfdv0-RfzF9hkt2TEUlulnFYBLCLN2H6TaYMYQAV4iYw9TSi2BsCEZCUtqFSnDr60ABXNYcNPUzpOGBSjYpYwPybe7PW6AOG5QQGuRcggDnzqGT81JRFdtZJ1sKbklv5~MXJ4ZXx~8b4aIczfOUYsWE4mglSkLaUFT8WddlCBlpsSfBXvACa8-QwjQdX1FwImd6H7wB~B0mMGnc5BxB4qC2mnvW1aUIZfemWw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Modern_Arap_Şiirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizâr_Kabbânî_ve_Muzaffer_en_Nevvâb_Örneği_","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"ÖZET: Dilimizde yergi, taşlama, satir ve hiciv gibi kelimelerle de ifade edilen hiciv kelimesi; Arapça kökenli bir kelime olup, sözlükte; \"harfleri saymak, harfi harekesinden ayırmak ve heceleyerek okumak\" gibi anlamlara gelmektedir. Istılahta ise hiciv: bir kişinin veya toplumun ayıp ve kusurlarını sayıp dökmek, haksızlıkları, çarpıklıkları, insanın hoşa gitmeyen yönlerini alaya alarak yermektir. Edebiyatın olduğu gibi Arap edebiyatında da hiciv, cahiliye döneminden başlayarak, günümüze kadar hiç değerini kaybetmeden gelmiştir. Bazı şairler için ekmek kapısı olan hiciv, keskin üslupları yüzünden bazı şairlerin de ölüm sebebidir. Bu çalışmada modern Arap edebiyatının keskin iki kalemşörü olan Suriyeli Nizâr Kabbânî ve Iraklı Muzaffer en-Nevvâb\"ın toplumdaki çarpıklığı ortaya sermek ve zalim sultanları yermek için kaleme aldıkları birer adet şiirini sunmaya çalışacağız. Kabbânî şiirinde, yaşadığı istibdat ve zorbalık sebebiyle Suriye Devlet başkanı Hafız el-Esed başta olmak üzere Saddam Hüseyin, Kaddafi, Hüsnü Mübarek ve diğer Körfez şeyhlerini bu şiiriyle yermektedir. İkinci örneğimizde ise Iraklı şair Muzaffer en-Nevvâb Arap Birliği Zirvesini Arap toplumu adına hiçbir şey yapmadıkları için hicvetmektedir. Bu çalışmadaki temel amaç, Arap edebiyatındaki siyasi hiciv anlayışının Türk okuyucularına yansıtılması ve Türk edebiyatındaki hiciv anlayışıyla karşılaştırılmasına zemin hazırlamaktır. \nABSTRACT: Satire, which is expressed by the words yergi, taşlama, and hiciv in Turkish is originally Arabic and means “to count the letters, to seperate the letter from the vowel point and spelling”. As a technical term, it is: to tell one‟s or a society‟s fault, to enumerate one‟s faults, to criticise shames, injustice, warps and negative sides of someone or the society. The importance of satire in the Arabic literature has a long history and it has never lost its value since the Jahiliyyah. It has been bread and butter for some poets but mortis causa for others because of their sharp wording. This study presents two poems of Syrian Nizar Qabbani and Iraqi Muzaffar al-Nawwab in which they crack the deformities open and vilify tyrant sultans. Qabbani vilifies Saddam Hussein, Qaddafi, Husni Mobarek and other Gulf sheikhs and Syrian President Hafiz Asad because of their oppression and tyranny. In the second example, Iraqi poet Muzaffar al-Nawwab satirizes Summit of the Arab Union as they do not do anything in the name of Arab society. The main purpose of this study is to reflect the political satire of Arab literature to the Turkish readers and to make it possible for possible comparisons.\n\n","owner":{"id":3365130,"first_name":"İbrahim","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Usta","page_name":"IUsta","domain_name":"bingol","created_at":"2013-02-24T17:29:51.268-08:00","display_name":"İbrahim Usta","url":"https://bingol.academia.edu/IUsta"},"attachments":[{"id":61486967,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61486967/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar_Kabbani_ve_Muzaffer_en-Nevvab_Ornegi20191211-128056-1cjdrct.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61486967/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61486967/Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar_Kabbani_ve_Muzaffer_en-Nevvab_Ornegi20191211-128056-1cjdrct-libre.pdf?1576087447=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DModern_Arap_Siirinde_Siyasi_Hiciv_Nizar.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=eTPZvqJmjsyTohVW6SBgzCgNtbHgtRPZQP6bOVKcUK51IRg7uur30Bgfsg58Zwh1q-bCo~dTCMkPgWIoiRSzy4a7zMPYKILtpHV5ft81rogcjDD5-hfdv0-RfzF9hkt2TEUlulnFYBLCLN2H6TaYMYQAV4iYw9TSi2BsCEZCUtqFSnDr60ABXNYcNPUzpOGBSjYpYwPybe7PW6AOG5QQGuRcggDnzqGT81JRFdtZJ1sKbklv5~MXJ4ZXx~8b4aIczfOUYsWE4mglSkLaUFT8WddlCBlpsSfBXvACa8-QwjQdX1FwImd6H7wB~B0mMGnc5BxB4qC2mnvW1aUIZfemWw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13027,"name":"Humor/Satire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humor_Satire"},{"id":30919,"name":"Modern Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Literature"},{"id":34517,"name":"Satire \u0026 Irony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Satire_and_Irony"},{"id":51522,"name":"Modern Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Arabic_Poetry"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="41267891"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/41267891/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiirinde_Mitolojik_%C3%96geler_Bedr_%C5%9E%C3%A2kir_es_Seyy%C3%A2b_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Modern Arap Şiirinde Mitolojik Ögeler(Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb Örneği)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61486951/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/41267891/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiirinde_Mitolojik_%C3%96geler_Bedr_%C5%9E%C3%A2kir_es_Seyy%C3%A2b_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_">Modern Arap Şiirinde Mitolojik Ögeler(Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb Örneği)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>ULUSLARARASI MİTOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU 2-5 Mayıs 2019, Ardahan/TÜRKİYE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MYTHOLOGY 2-5 May 2019, Ardahan/TURKEY</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ÖZET: Arapçada, "rivayet, aslı olmayan söz, masal, efsane" gibi anlamlara gelen "ustûre/esâtîr" s...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ÖZET: Arapçada, "rivayet, aslı olmayan söz, masal, efsane" gibi anlamlara gelen "ustûre/esâtîr" sözcüğünün karşılığı olan mitoloji; her ne kadar klasik Arap şiirinde önceden kullanılıyor olsa da, modern Arap şiirindeki kullanımı Cebrâ İbrahim Cebrâ'nın 1945 yılında James Frazer'in "The Golden Bough/ Altın Dal" isimli mitolojinin kökenine dair eserini Arapçaya tercümesinden sonra başladığını söylemek mümkündür. Zira bu çeviri, Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın mitolojik unsurlar içeren şiirleri için bir esin kaynağı olmuştur. 1957 yılında Lübnan'da Adonis, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Halîl Hâvî gibi çağdaş edebiyatçıların girişimleriyle kurulan Mecelletu'ş-şi‛r Grubu ve aynı isimli çıkarılmış olan dergide başlayan mitolojik şiir serüveni günümüze kadar devam etmektedir. Mitolojinin modern Arap şiirinde kullanılması oluşum ve olgunlaşma dönemi olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılmaktadır. İlk dönem, yirminci yüzyılın birinci yarısında; Apollo, Divân, İhyâ ve Mehcer gibi edebi ekoller vasıtasıyla modern Arap şiirine yüzeysel olarak girmiş, bu asrın ikinci yarısından sonra ise, Iraklı Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Nâzik el-Melâike, Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî; Mısırlı ‛Abdülmut‛î Hicâzî, Salâh ‛Abdussabûr; Lübnanlı Halîl Hâvî, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Suriyeli Adonis gibi bariz simalar sayesinde zirve noktasına ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada; yukarıda isimlerini zikrettiğimiz modern Arap şiir öncülerinden Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın şiirlerinde bulunan mitolojik öğelere yer verilerek, bu şiirlerin Arap hayal dünyasındaki yansımaları değerlendirilecektir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a35edb44182907061c8059d61cb9d1fa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":61486951,"asset_id":41267891,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61486951/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="41267891"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41267891"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41267891; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41267891]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41267891]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41267891; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='41267891']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41267891, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a35edb44182907061c8059d61cb9d1fa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=41267891]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":41267891,"title":"Modern Arap Şiirinde Mitolojik Ögeler(Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb Örneği)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ÖZET: Arapçada, \"rivayet, aslı olmayan söz, masal, efsane\" gibi anlamlara gelen \"ustûre/esâtîr\" sözcüğünün karşılığı olan mitoloji; her ne kadar klasik Arap şiirinde önceden kullanılıyor olsa da, modern Arap şiirindeki kullanımı Cebrâ İbrahim Cebrâ'nın 1945 yılında James Frazer'in \"The Golden Bough/ Altın Dal\" isimli mitolojinin kökenine dair eserini Arapçaya tercümesinden sonra başladığını söylemek mümkündür. Zira bu çeviri, Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın mitolojik unsurlar içeren şiirleri için bir esin kaynağı olmuştur. 1957 yılında Lübnan'da Adonis, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Halîl Hâvî gibi çağdaş edebiyatçıların girişimleriyle kurulan Mecelletu'ş-şi‛r Grubu ve aynı isimli çıkarılmış olan dergide başlayan mitolojik şiir serüveni günümüze kadar devam etmektedir. Mitolojinin modern Arap şiirinde kullanılması oluşum ve olgunlaşma dönemi olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılmaktadır. İlk dönem, yirminci yüzyılın birinci yarısında; Apollo, Divân, İhyâ ve Mehcer gibi edebi ekoller vasıtasıyla modern Arap şiirine yüzeysel olarak girmiş, bu asrın ikinci yarısından sonra ise, Iraklı Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Nâzik el-Melâike, Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî; Mısırlı ‛Abdülmut‛î Hicâzî, Salâh ‛Abdussabûr; Lübnanlı Halîl Hâvî, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Suriyeli Adonis gibi bariz simalar sayesinde zirve noktasına ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada; yukarıda isimlerini zikrettiğimiz modern Arap şiir öncülerinden Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın şiirlerinde bulunan mitolojik öğelere yer verilerek, bu şiirlerin Arap hayal dünyasındaki yansımaları değerlendirilecektir.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"ULUSLARARASI MİTOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU 2-5 Mayıs 2019, Ardahan/TÜRKİYE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MYTHOLOGY 2-5 May 2019, Ardahan/TURKEY"},"translated_abstract":"ÖZET: Arapçada, \"rivayet, aslı olmayan söz, masal, efsane\" gibi anlamlara gelen \"ustûre/esâtîr\" sözcüğünün karşılığı olan mitoloji; her ne kadar klasik Arap şiirinde önceden kullanılıyor olsa da, modern Arap şiirindeki kullanımı Cebrâ İbrahim Cebrâ'nın 1945 yılında James Frazer'in \"The Golden Bough/ Altın Dal\" isimli mitolojinin kökenine dair eserini Arapçaya tercümesinden sonra başladığını söylemek mümkündür. Zira bu çeviri, Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın mitolojik unsurlar içeren şiirleri için bir esin kaynağı olmuştur. 1957 yılında Lübnan'da Adonis, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Halîl Hâvî gibi çağdaş edebiyatçıların girişimleriyle kurulan Mecelletu'ş-şi‛r Grubu ve aynı isimli çıkarılmış olan dergide başlayan mitolojik şiir serüveni günümüze kadar devam etmektedir. Mitolojinin modern Arap şiirinde kullanılması oluşum ve olgunlaşma dönemi olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılmaktadır. İlk dönem, yirminci yüzyılın birinci yarısında; Apollo, Divân, İhyâ ve Mehcer gibi edebi ekoller vasıtasıyla modern Arap şiirine yüzeysel olarak girmiş, bu asrın ikinci yarısından sonra ise, Iraklı Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Nâzik el-Melâike, Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî; Mısırlı ‛Abdülmut‛î Hicâzî, Salâh ‛Abdussabûr; Lübnanlı Halîl Hâvî, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Suriyeli Adonis gibi bariz simalar sayesinde zirve noktasına ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada; yukarıda isimlerini zikrettiğimiz modern Arap şiir öncülerinden Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın şiirlerinde bulunan mitolojik öğelere yer verilerek, bu şiirlerin Arap hayal dünyasındaki yansımaları değerlendirilecektir.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41267891/Modern_Arap_%C5%9Eiirinde_Mitolojik_%C3%96geler_Bedr_%C5%9E%C3%A2kir_es_Seyy%C3%A2b_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-12-11T09:30:02.966-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3365130,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"conference_presentation","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61486951,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61486951/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Mitolojik_OgelerBedr_Sakir_es-Seyyab_Ornegi20191211-63682-13jf9q5.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61486951/download_file?st=MTczNzU5NTk2NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Mitolojik_Ogeler_Be.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61486951/Modern_Arap_Siirinde_Mitolojik_OgelerBedr_Sakir_es-Seyyab_Ornegi20191211-63682-13jf9q5-libre.pdf?1576087458=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DModern_Arap_Siirinde_Mitolojik_Ogeler_Be.pdf\u0026Expires=1737599564\u0026Signature=QfPr4bv9dpFicEqYmVfWKg~A~SDivOQ~OeabAao7cBspB7MMyaolXxEbTxHb6HBgN23GNZ7Np-uha6jdWV6hPGmndKGX8A9PT33-9fEz7ELaymHFld8xkOMZxUi1jcsoKByr7DDn4rdgi0XvRxxFd3ZZlYk46IA~pZ0lVcLuI9ykTFpxTK3j2IlgwMvADxaJg8bCz0g0w~sGtVoQlFkwKfmbndR5Zl7gIDaCkXJJz6Qrpw4qKKbSVnI6zUzQktVxMlcb9yPrG89djic90iVAMg0Ut948BANjfwKdG-dg3oI~rzq-9IoimmCwMNQNoC8Bq2PW-j4xAQyHXfJQwRpFQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Modern_Arap_Şiirinde_Mitolojik_Ögeler_Bedr_Şâkir_es_Seyyâb_Örneği_","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"tr","content_type":"Work","summary":"ÖZET: Arapçada, \"rivayet, aslı olmayan söz, masal, efsane\" gibi anlamlara gelen \"ustûre/esâtîr\" sözcüğünün karşılığı olan mitoloji; her ne kadar klasik Arap şiirinde önceden kullanılıyor olsa da, modern Arap şiirindeki kullanımı Cebrâ İbrahim Cebrâ'nın 1945 yılında James Frazer'in \"The Golden Bough/ Altın Dal\" isimli mitolojinin kökenine dair eserini Arapçaya tercümesinden sonra başladığını söylemek mümkündür. Zira bu çeviri, Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb'ın mitolojik unsurlar içeren şiirleri için bir esin kaynağı olmuştur. 1957 yılında Lübnan'da Adonis, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Halîl Hâvî gibi çağdaş edebiyatçıların girişimleriyle kurulan Mecelletu'ş-şi‛r Grubu ve aynı isimli çıkarılmış olan dergide başlayan mitolojik şiir serüveni günümüze kadar devam etmektedir. Mitolojinin modern Arap şiirinde kullanılması oluşum ve olgunlaşma dönemi olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılmaktadır. İlk dönem, yirminci yüzyılın birinci yarısında; Apollo, Divân, İhyâ ve Mehcer gibi edebi ekoller vasıtasıyla modern Arap şiirine yüzeysel olarak girmiş, bu asrın ikinci yarısından sonra ise, Iraklı Bedr Şâkir es-Seyyâb, Nâzik el-Melâike, Abdulvehhâb el-Beyâtî; Mısırlı ‛Abdülmut‛î Hicâzî, Salâh ‛Abdussabûr; Lübnanlı Halîl Hâvî, Yusuf el-Hâl ve Suriyeli Adonis gibi bariz simalar sayesinde zirve noktasına ulaşmıştır. 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