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class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Consensus</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Project page</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Consensus" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-viewsource"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--editLock"></span> <span>View source</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia policy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:CON" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">Wikipedia:Conflict of interest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Academic_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Wikipedia:Reliable sources § Academic consensus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Help:Edit conflict</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiCon" title="Wikipedia:WikiCon">Wikipedia:WikiCon</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Containers" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Containers">Wikipedia:WikiProject Containers</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/30px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/45px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/60px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This page documents an English Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policy</a>.</b><div style="font-size: 90%;">It describes a widely accepted standard that all editors should <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">normally</a> follow. Changes made to it should reflect <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PGCHANGE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PGCHANGE">consensus</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CON"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CON&redirect=no">WP:CON</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice nutshell" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/30px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/45px-Walnut.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> This policy describes how consensus is understood on Wikipedia, how to determine whether it has been achieved (and how to proceed if it has not), and describes exceptions to the principle that all decisions are made by consensus.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232484023">.mw-parser-output .help-box{background:#f5faff;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title{background:#cee0f2;font-size:130%;padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;margin-bottom:6px}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#cee0f2;padding:0.1em 0.7em 0.15em}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-content,.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding-top:0.15em}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .help-box{width:auto;max-width:22em}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .help-box{background:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#082849}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .help-box{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#082849}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks help-box noprint plainlist" style="width:200px;clear:right"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies#Conduct" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Conduct policies</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy#Evasion_of_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Block evasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Clean_start" title="Wikipedia:Clean start">Clean start</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">Edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content" title="Wikipedia:Ownership of content">Ownership of content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">Sockpuppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Username_policy" title="Wikipedia:Username policy">Username policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conduct_policy_list" title="Template:Conduct policy list"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conduct_policy_list" title="Template talk:Conduct policy list"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conduct_policy_list" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conduct policy list"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Consensus</b> is Wikipedia's fundamental method of decision making. It involves an effort to address editors' legitimate concerns through a process of compromise while following Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a>. It is accepted as the best method to achieve the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_Pillars" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Five Pillars">Five Pillars</a>—Wikipedia's goals. <a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision_making" class="mw-redirect" title="Consensus decision making">Consensus</a> on Wikipedia does not require unanimity (which is ideal but rarely achievable), nor is it the result of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Polling_is_not_a_substitute_for_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Polling is not a substitute for discussion">vote</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Achieving_consensus"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Achieving consensus</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Through_editing"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Through editing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Through_discussion"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Through discussion</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Consensus-building"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Consensus-building</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#In_talk_pages"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">In talk pages</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#By_soliciting_outside_opinions"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">By soliciting outside opinions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Administrative_or_community_intervention"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Administrative or community intervention</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#Pitfalls_and_errors"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Pitfalls and errors</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Determining_consensus"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Determining consensus</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Levels_of_consensus"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Levels of consensus</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#No_consensus_after_discussion"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">No consensus after discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Consensus_can_change"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Consensus can change</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Decisions_not_subject_to_consensus_of_editors"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Decisions not subject to consensus of editors</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Achieving_consensus" data-mw-thread-id="h-Achieving_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Achieving_consensus"></span>Achieving consensus<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Achieving_consensus"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CONACHIEVE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CONACHIEVE&redirect=no">WP:CONACHIEVE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Editors usually reach consensus as a natural process. After one changes a page, others who read it can choose whether or not to further edit. When editors do not reach agreement by editing, discussion on the associated <a href="/wiki/Help:Using_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Using talk pages">talk pages</a> continues the process toward consensus. </p><p>A consensus decision takes into account all of the proper concerns raised. Ideally, it arrives with an absence of objections, but often we must settle for as wide an agreement as can be reached. When there is no wide agreement, consensus-building involves adapting the proposal to bring in dissenters without losing those who accepted the initial proposal. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="E"></span><span class="anchor" id="Reaching_consensus_through_editing"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Through_editing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Through_editing-Achieving_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Through_editing-Achieving_consensus"></span>Through editing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Through_editing-Achieving_consensus"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:EDITCON"></span><span id="WP:EDITCONSENSUS"></span><span id="WP:IMPLICITCONSENSUS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:EDITCON&redirect=no">WP:EDITCON</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:EDITCONSENSUS&redirect=no">WP:EDITCONSENSUS</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IMPLICITCONSENSUS&redirect=no">WP:IMPLICITCONSENSUS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:EDITCON" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Help:Edit conflict</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Wikipedia:Editing policy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">Wikipedia:Be bold</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Consensus_Flowchart.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt='Image of a process flowchart. The start symbol is labeled "Previous consensus" with an arrow pointing to "Edit", then to a decision symbol labeled "Was the article edited further?". From this first decision, "no" points to an end symbol labeled "New consensus". "Yes" points to another decision symbol labeled "Do you agree?". From this second decision, "yes" points to the "New Consensus" end symbol. "No" points to "Seek a compromise", then back to the previously mentioned "Edit", thus making a loop.' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Consensus_Flowchart.svg/260px-Consensus_Flowchart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="222" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="392"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 260px;height: 222px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Consensus_Flowchart.svg/260px-Consensus_Flowchart.svg.png" data-alt='Image of a process flowchart. The start symbol is labeled "Previous consensus" with an arrow pointing to "Edit", then to a decision symbol labeled "Was the article edited further?". From this first decision, "no" points to an end symbol labeled "New consensus". "Yes" points to another decision symbol labeled "Do you agree?". From this second decision, "yes" points to the "New Consensus" end symbol. "No" points to "Seek a compromise", then back to the previously mentioned "Edit", thus making a loop.' data-width="260" data-height="222" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Consensus_Flowchart.svg/390px-Consensus_Flowchart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Consensus_Flowchart.svg/520px-Consensus_Flowchart.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>A simplified <a href="/wiki/Flowchart" title="Flowchart">flowchart</a> of how consensus is reached. When an edit is made, other editors may either accept it, change it, or <a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">revert</a> it. <i>Seek a compromise</i> means "attempt to find a generally acceptable solution", either through continued editing or through discussion.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wikipedia consensus usually occurs implicitly. An edit has <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Silence_and_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Silence and consensus">presumed consensus</a> until it is disputed or reverted. Should another editor revise that edit, the new edit will have presumed consensus until it meets with disagreement. In this way, the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy#Wikipedia_is_a_work_in_progress:_perfection_is_not_required" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">encyclopedia gradually improves over time</a>. </p><p>All edits should be explained (unless the reason for them is obvious)—either by clear <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_summary" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Edit summary">edit summaries</a>, or by discussion on the associated talk page. Substantive, informative explanations indicate what issues must be addressed in subsequent efforts to reach consensus. Explanations are especially important when <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reverting" title="Wikipedia:Reverting">reverting</a> another editor's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">good-faith</a> work. </p><p>Except in cases affected by content <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies or guidelines</a>, most disputes over content may be resolved through minor changes rather than taking an all-or-nothing position. If your first edit is reverted, try to think of a compromise edit that addresses the other editor's concerns. If you can't, or if you do and your second edit is reverted, create a new section on the associated talk page to discuss the dispute. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">Be bold</a>, but not rash. Whether changes come through editing or through discussion, the encyclopedia is best improved through <a href="/wiki/Collaboration" title="Collaboration">collaboration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">consensus</a>, not combat and capitulation. Repeated reversions are contrary to Wikipedia policy under <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">edit warring</a>, except for specific policy-based material (such as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">BLP</a> exceptions) and reversions of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">vandalism</a>. This is true even if editors are using edit summaries to "discuss" the dispute every time they revert. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Through_discussion-Gradually_improving"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Through_discussion" data-mw-thread-id="h-Through_discussion-Achieving_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Through_discussion-Achieving_consensus"></span>Through discussion<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Through_discussion-Achieving_consensus"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:DISCUSSCONSENSUS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:DISCUSSCONSENSUS&redirect=no">WP:DISCUSSCONSENSUS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BOLD,_revert,_discuss_cycle" title="Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle">Wikipedia:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle</a></div> <p>When agreement cannot be reached through editing alone, the consensus-forming process becomes more explicit: editors open a section on the associated <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">talk page</a> and try to work out the dispute through discussion, using <em>reasons</em> based in policy, sources, and common sense; they can also suggest alternative solutions or compromises that may satisfy all concerns. The result might be an agreement that may not satisfy everyone completely, but indicates the overall concurrence of the group. Consensus is an ongoing process on Wikipedia; it is often better to accept a less-than-perfect compromise—with the understanding that the page is gradually improving—than to try to fight to implement a particular preferred version immediately. </p><p>When editors have a particularly difficult time reaching a consensus, several processes are available for consensus-building (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Third_opinion" title="Wikipedia:Third opinion">third opinions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DRN" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DRN">dispute resolution noticeboard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment" title="Wikipedia:Requests for comment">requests for comment</a>), and even more extreme processes that will take authoritative steps to end the dispute (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents">administrator intervention</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration">arbitration</a>). Keep in mind, however, that administrators are primarily concerned with policy and editor behavior and will not decide content issues authoritatively. They may block editors for behaviors that interfere with the consensus process (such as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">edit-warring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sock_puppetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sock puppetry">abuse of multiple accounts</a>, or a lack of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">civility</a>). They may also make decisions about whether edits are or are not allowable under policy, but will not usually go beyond such actions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consensus-building" data-mw-thread-id="h-Consensus-building-Achieving_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Consensus-building-Achieving_consensus"></span>Consensus-building<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Consensus-building-Achieving_consensus"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Wikipedia:Dispute resolution</a></div> <p>Editors who maintain a neutral, detached, and civil attitude can usually reach consensus on an article through the process described above. They may still occasionally find themselves at an impasse, either because they cannot find rational grounds to settle a dispute or because one or both sides of the discussion become emotionally or ideologically invested in <em>winning</em> an argument. What follows are suggestions for resolving intractable disputes, along with descriptions of several formal and informal processes that may help. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="talk"></span><span class="anchor" id="Talk"></span><span class="anchor" id="TALK"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_talk_pages" data-mw-thread-id="h-In_talk_pages-Consensus-building"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-In_talk_pages-Consensus-building"></span>In talk pages<span data-mw-comment-end="h-In_talk_pages-Consensus-building"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:TALKDONTREVERT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TALKDONTREVERT&redirect=no">WP:TALKDONTREVERT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines</a></div> <p>In determining consensus, consider the quality of the arguments, the history of how they came about, the objections of those who disagree, and existing policies and guidelines. The quality of an argument is more important than whether it represents a minority or a majority view. The arguments "I just don't like it" and "I just like it" usually carry no weight whatsoever. </p><p>Limit article talk page discussions to discussion of sources, article focus, and policy. If an edit is challenged, or is likely to be challenged, editors should use talk pages to explain why an addition, change, or removal improves the article, and hence the encyclopedia. Consensus can be assumed if no editors object to a change. Editors who ignore talk page discussions yet continue to edit in or revert disputed material, or who <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:STONEWALL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:STONEWALL">stonewall</a> discussions, may be guilty of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">disruptive editing</a> and incur sanctions. Consensus cannot always be assumed simply because editors stop responding to talk page discussions in which they have already participated. </p><p>The goal of a consensus-building discussion is to resolve disputes in a way that reflects Wikipedia's goals and policies while angering as few editors as possible. Editors with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Competence_is_required" title="Wikipedia:Competence is required">good social skills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Negotiation" title="Wikipedia:Negotiation">good negotiation skills</a> are more likely to be successful than those who are less than civil to others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="By_soliciting_outside_opinions" data-mw-thread-id="h-By_soliciting_outside_opinions-Consensus-building"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-By_soliciting_outside_opinions-Consensus-building"></span>By soliciting outside opinions<span data-mw-comment-end="h-By_soliciting_outside_opinions-Consensus-building"></span></h4></div> <p>When talk page discussions fail—generally because two editors (or two groups of editors) simply cannot see eye to eye on an issue—Wikipedia has several established processes to attract outside editors to offer opinions. This is often useful to break simple, good-faith deadlocks, because editors uninvolved in the discussion can bring in fresh perspectives, and can help involved editors see middle ground that they cannot see for themselves. The main resources for this are as follows: </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Third_Opinion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Third Opinion">Third opinion</a> (3O)</dt> <dd>A neutral third party will give non-binding advice on the dispute. Reserved for cases where exactly two editors are in dispute.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></dt> <dd>Most policy and guideline pages, and many <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">wikiprojects</a>, have noticeboards for interested editors. Posting a neutrally worded notice of the dispute on applicable noticeboards (or in some cases only their talk pages) will make the dispute more visible to other editors who may have worthwhile opinions.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution_noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution noticeboard">Dispute resolution noticeboard</a> (DRN)</dt> <dd>For disputes involving more than two parties, moderators help the parties come to consensus by suggesting analysis, critiques, compromises, or mediation, but generally limited to simple disputes which can quickly be resolved.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_comment" title="Wikipedia:Requests for comment">Requests for comment</a> (RfC)</dt> <dd>Placement of a formal neutrally worded notice on the article talk page inviting others to participate which is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">transcluded</a> onto RfC noticeboards.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump" title="Wikipedia:Village pump">Village pump</a></dt> <dd>Neutrally worded notification of a dispute here also may bring in additional editors who may help.</dd></dl> <p>Many of these discussions will involve <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Polling_is_not_a_substitute_for_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Polling is not a substitute for discussion">polls</a> of one sort or another; but as consensus is determined by the quality of arguments (not by a simple counted majority), polls should be regarded as structured discussions rather than <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:!VOTE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:!VOTE">voting</a>. Responses indicating individual explanations of positions using Wikipedia policies and guidelines are given the highest weight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Administrative_or_community_intervention" data-mw-thread-id="h-Administrative_or_community_intervention-Consensus-building"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Administrative_or_community_intervention-Consensus-building"></span>Administrative or community intervention<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Administrative_or_community_intervention-Consensus-building"></span></h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CONADMIN"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CONADMIN&redirect=no">WP:CONADMIN</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>In some cases, disputes are personal or ideological rather than mere disagreements about content, and these may require the intervention of administrators or the community as a whole. Sysops will not rule on content, but may intervene to enforce policy (such as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">WP:Biographies of living persons</a>) or to impose sanctions on editors who are disrupting the consensus process. Sometimes merely asking for an administrator's attention on a talk page will suffice; as a rule, sysops have large numbers of pages watchlisted, and there is a likelihood that someone will see it and respond. However, there are established resources for working with intransigent editors, as follows: </p> <dl><dt>Noticeboards</dt> <dd>As noted previously, policy pages generally have noticeboards, and many administrators watch them.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Incidents" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents">Administrators' noticeboard of incidents</a> and general <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard">Administrators' noticeboard</a></dt> <dd>These are noticeboards for administrators. They are high-volume noticeboards and should be used sparingly. Use AN for issues that need eyes but may not need immediate action; use ANI for more pressing issues. Do not use either except at need.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_arbitration" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration">Requests for arbitration</a></dt> <dd>The final step for intractable disputes. The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee">Arbitration Committee</a> (ArbCom) may rule on almost any behavioral or policy-interpretation aspect of a dispute, and has broad powers in its decisions. ArbCom does not settle <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution#Resolving_content_disputes" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">content disputes</a> or change policy.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pitfalls_and_errors" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pitfalls_and_errors-Consensus-building"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pitfalls_and_errors-Consensus-building"></span>Pitfalls and errors<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pitfalls_and_errors-Consensus-building"></span></h4></div> <p>The following are common mistakes made by editors when trying to build consensus: </p> <ul><li><b>Off-wiki discussions.</b> Consensus is reached through on-wiki discussion or by editing. Discussions elsewhere are not taken into account. In some cases, such off-wiki communication may generate suspicion and mistrust.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Canvassing" title="Wikipedia:Canvassing">Canvassing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sock_puppetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sock puppetry">sock puppetry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sock_puppetry#Meatpuppetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sock puppetry">meat puppetry</a>.</b> Any effort to gather participants to a community discussion that has the effect of biasing that discussion is unacceptable. While it is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Canvassing#Friendly_notices" title="Wikipedia:Canvassing">fine</a>—even encouraged—to invite people into a discussion to obtain new insights and arguments, it is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Canvassing#Inappropriate_notification" title="Wikipedia:Canvassing">not acceptable</a> to invite only people favorable to a particular point of view, or to invite people in a way that will prejudice their opinions on the matter. Using an alternative persona ("sock puppet", or "sock") to influence consensus is absolutely forbidden. Neutral, informative messages to Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">noticeboards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">wikiprojects</a>, or editors are permitted; but actions that could reasonably be interpreted as an attempt to "stuff the ballot box" or otherwise compromise the consensus-building process are considered disruptive.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tendentious_editing" title="Wikipedia:Tendentious editing">Tendentious editing</a>.</b> The continuous, aggressive pursuit of an editorial goal is considered disruptive, and should be avoided. Editors should <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing#Failure_or_refusal_to_%22get_the_point%22" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">listen</a>, respond, and cooperate to build a better article. Editors who refuse to allow any consensus except the one they insist on, and who <a href="/wiki/Filibuster" title="Filibuster">filibuster</a> indefinitely to attain that goal, risk damaging the consensus process.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:FORUMSHOP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:FORUMSHOP&redirect=no">WP:FORUMSHOP</a></span></li></ul></div></div><span class="anchor" id="Forum_shopping"></span><span class="anchor" id="Forumshopping"></span><span class="anchor" id="Forum-shopping"></span><span class="anchor" id="FORUMSHOP"></span><span class="anchor" id="ADMINSHOP"></span><span class="anchor" id="OTHERPARENT"></span> <b>Forum shopping, admin shopping, and spin-doctoring.</b> Raising essentially the same issue on multiple noticeboards and talk pages, or to multiple administrators or reviewers, or any one of these repetitively, is unhelpful to finding and achieving consensus. It does not help develop consensus to try different forums in the hope of finding one where you get the answer you <em>want</em>. (This is also known as "asking the other parent".) Queries placed on noticeboards and talk pages should be phrased as neutrally as possible, in order to get uninvolved and neutral additional opinions. Where multiple issues do exist, then the raising of the individual issues on the correct pages may be reasonable, but in that case it is normally best to give links to show where else you have raised the question.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Determining_consensus" data-mw-thread-id="h-Determining_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Determining_consensus"></span>Determining consensus<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Determining_consensus"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:DETCON"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:DETCON&redirect=no">WP:DETCON</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:DCON" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_process#Determining_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Deletion process">Wikipedia:Deletion process § Determining consensus</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Closing_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Closing discussions">Wikipedia:Closing discussions</a></div> <p>Consensus is ascertained by the quality of the arguments given on the various sides of an issue, as viewed through the lens of Wikipedia policy. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Level_of_consensus"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Levels_of_consensus" data-mw-thread-id="h-Levels_of_consensus-Determining_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Levels_of_consensus-Determining_consensus"></span>Levels of consensus<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Levels_of_consensus-Determining_consensus"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CONLEVEL"></span><span id="WP:LOCALCONSENSUS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CONLEVEL&redirect=no">WP:CONLEVEL</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:LOCALCONSENSUS&redirect=no">WP:LOCALCONSENSUS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee">Arbitration Committee</a><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Case/Infoboxes#Levels_of_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Case/Infoboxes">statement of principles on levels of consensus</a></div> <p>Consensus among a limited group of editors, at one place and time, cannot override community consensus on a wider scale. For instance, unless they can convince the broader community that such action is right, participants in a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">WikiProject</a> cannot decide that some generally accepted <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:POLICY" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:POLICY">policy or guideline</a> does not apply to articles within its scope. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide#Advice_pages" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Guide">WikiProject advice pages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">how-to and information pages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">template documentation pages</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays" title="Wikipedia:Essays">essays</a> have not gone through the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PROPOSAL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PROPOSAL">policy and guideline proposal process</a> and may or may not represent a broad community consensus. </p><p>Wikipedia has a standard of participation and consensus for changes to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a>. Their stability and consistency are important to the community. Accordingly, editors often propose substantive changes on the talk page first to permit discussion before implementing the change. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PGBOLD" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PGBOLD">Undiscussed bold</a> changes are permitted but rarely welcome on policy pages. Improvements to policy are best made slowly and conservatively, with active efforts to seek out input and agreement from others. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="No_consensus"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_consensus_after_discussion" data-mw-thread-id="h-No_consensus_after_discussion-Determining_consensus"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-No_consensus_after_discussion-Determining_consensus"></span>No consensus after discussion<span data-mw-comment-end="h-No_consensus_after_discussion-Determining_consensus"></span></h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="50" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/75px-Split-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/100px-Split-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that this section be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a> out into another page titled <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Closing_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Closing discussions">Wikipedia:Closing discussions</a></i>. (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Consensus#WP:NOCONSENSUS" title="Wikipedia talk:Consensus">Discuss</a>) <small><i>(August 2024)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NOCON"></span><span id="WP:NOCONSENSUS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOCON&redirect=no">WP:NOCON</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOCONSENSUS&redirect=no">WP:NOCONSENSUS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <dl><dd><i>For an essay recommending a best practice during discussion of contested material, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:QUO" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:QUO">WP:QUO</a>.</i></dd></dl> <p>What happens when a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DGF" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DGF">good faith discussion</a> concludes with no agreement to take or not take an action? It depends on the context: </p> <ul><li>When discussions of <b>proposals to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Deletion">delete</a> articles, media, or other pages</b> end without consensus, the normal result is the content being kept. <ul><li>However, in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirects_for_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion">Redirects for discussion</a>, no consensus closes may <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirects_for_discussion/Common_outcomes#%22No_consensus%22_retargets" title="Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Common outcomes">still lead to a retargeting or disambiguation</a>.</li> <li>Similarly, in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Files_for_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Files for discussion">Files for discussion</a>, if there is <i>significant doubt</i> raised about the copyright status of a file, the closing administrator may choose to delete the file under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Precautionary_principle" title="Wikipedia:Precautionary principle">precautionary principle</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>When discussions of <b>proposals to add, modify, or remove material in articles</b> end without consensus, the common result is to retain the version of the article as it was prior to the proposal or bold edit. However: <ul><li><i>Living people.</i> In discussions related to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLP#Restoring_deleted_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLP">living people</a>, a lack of consensus often results in the removal of the contentious matter, regardless of whether the proposal was to add, modify, or remove it.</li> <li><i>Copyright violation.</i> When the material in question is a suspected <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_violations" title="Wikipedia:Copyright violations">copyright violation</a>, it must be removed immediately and not restored when a discussion ends without consensus.</li> <li><i>External links.</i> In disputes over <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, disputed links are removed unless and until there is a consensus to include them.</li></ul></li> <li>When <b>article title</b> discussions end without consensus, the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TITLECHANGES" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TITLECHANGES">applicable policy</a> preserves the most recent stable title. If there is no prior stable title, then the default is the title used by the first major contributor after the article ceased to be a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Consensus_can_change" data-mw-thread-id="h-Consensus_can_change"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Consensus_can_change"></span>Consensus can change<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Consensus_can_change"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CCC"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CCC&redirect=no">WP:CCC</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Editors may propose a change to current consensus, especially to raise previously unconsidered arguments or circumstances. On the other hand, proposing to change a recently established consensus can be disruptive. </p><p>Editors may propose a consensus change by <a href="#Through_discussion">discussion</a> or <a href="#Through_editing">editing</a>. That said, in most cases, an editor who knows a proposed change will modify a matter resolved by past discussion should propose that change by discussion. Editors who revert a change proposed by an edit should generally avoid terse explanations (such as "against consensus") which provide little guidance to the proposing editor (or, if you do use such terse explanations, it is helpful to <em>also</em> include a link to the discussion where the consensus was formed). </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Decisions_not_subject_to_consensus_of_editors" data-mw-thread-id="h-Decisions_not_subject_to_consensus_of_editors"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Decisions_not_subject_to_consensus_of_editors"></span>Decisions not subject to consensus of editors<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Decisions_not_subject_to_consensus_of_editors"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CONEXCEPT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CONEXCEPT&redirect=no">WP:CONEXCEPT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Certain policies and decisions made by the Wikimedia Foundation (WMF), its officers, and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee">Arbitration Committee</a> of Wikipedia are outside the purview of editor consensus. This does not constitute an exhaustive list as much as a reminder that the decisions taken under this project apply only to the workings of the self-governing community of English Wikipedia. </p> <ul><li>The WMF has legal control over, and liability for, Wikipedia. Decisions, rulings, and acts of the WMF Board and its duly appointed designees take precedence over, and preempt, consensus. A consensus among editors that any such decision, ruling, or act violates <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policies" class="extiw" title="foundation:Policies">Wikimedia Foundation policies</a> may be communicated to the WMF in writing.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Office_actions" title="Wikipedia:Office actions">Office actions</a> are not permitted to be reversed by editors except by prior explicit office permission.</li> <li>The English Wikipedia Arbitration Committee may issue binding decisions, within its <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration/Policy#Scope_and_responsibilities" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration/Policy">scope and responsibilities</a>, that override consensus. The committee has a noticeboard, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Clarification_and_Amendment" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Clarification and Amendment">Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Clarification and Amendment</a>, for requests that such decisions be amended, and may amend such decisions at any time.</li> <li>Some matters that may seem subject to the consensus of the community at the English-language Wikipedia (<samp>en.wikipedia.org</samp>) are in a separate domain. In particular, the community of <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> software developers, including both paid Wikimedia Foundation staff and volunteers, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">the sister wikis</a>, are largely separate entities. These independent, co-equal communities operate however they deem necessary or appropriate, such as adding, removing, or changing software features <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(see <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Limits_to_configuration_changes" class="extiw" title="meta:Limits to configuration changes">meta:Limits to configuration changes</a>)</span>, or accepting or rejecting some contributions, even if their actions are not endorsed by editors here.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This page is referenced in the <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Wikipedia Glossary</a></span>.</div> <div class="side-box-imageright"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 44px;height: 44px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" data-width="44" data-height="44" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div></div> </div> <p>For a listing of ongoing discussions and current requests, see the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dashboard" title="Wikipedia:Dashboard">dashboard</a>. </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Information pages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays" title="Wikipedia:Essays">Wikipedia essays</a> concerning consensus:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory#Discussions_and_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Wikipedia:Essay directory § Discussions and consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts">Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Closing_discussions" title="Wikipedia:Closing discussions">Wikipedia:Closing discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Don%27t_ignore_community_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Don't ignore community consensus">Wikipedia:Don't ignore community consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_contribute_to_Wikipedia_guidance" title="Wikipedia:How to contribute to Wikipedia guidance">Wikipedia:How to contribute to Wikipedia guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Silence_does_not_imply_consent_when_drafting_new_policies" title="Wikipedia:Silence does not imply consent when drafting new policies">Wikipedia:Silence does not imply consent when drafting new policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Levels_of_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Levels of consensus">Wikipedia:Levels of consensus</a></li></ul> <p><b>Articles concerning consensus:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">Consensus decision-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False-consensus_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="False-consensus effect">False-consensus effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truth_by_consensus" class="mw-redirect" title="Truth by consensus">Truth by consensus</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_principles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_principles" title="Template:Wikipedia principles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_principles" title="Template talk:Wikipedia principles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_principles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia principles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_principles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Principles" title="Wikipedia:Principles">Wikipedia principles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;"> </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;width:20%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Five pillars</a></b><br>Statement of our principles </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:20%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/User:Jimbo_Wales/Statement_of_principles" title="User:Jimbo Wales/Statement of principles">Jimbo's statement</a></b><br>Historic principles </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:20%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_ruleset" title="Wikipedia:Simplified ruleset">Simplified ruleset</a></b><br>Synopsis of our conventions </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:20%;"><div> <p><b><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Founding_principles" class="extiw" title="meta:Founding principles">Wikimedia principles</a></b><br>Common to all projects<br>(in Meta-Wiki) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:20%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Principles" title="Wikipedia:Principles">Principles</a></b><br>Other essays on Wikipedia's principles </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template talk:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikipedia key <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a> <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikipedia's policies and guidelines are developed by the community to describe best practices, clarify principles, resolve conflicts, and otherwise further our goal.">(?)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Five pillars</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></b></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Content <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="defines the scope of the encyclopedia and the material that is suitable for it">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Copyright</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_violations" title="Wikipedia:Copyright violations">Copyright violations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_use_policy" title="Wikipedia:Image use policy">Image use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Article titles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability" title="Wikipedia:Notability">Notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autobiography" title="Wikipedia:Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Reliable sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_include_the_full_text_of_lengthy_primary_sources" title="Wikipedia:Do not include the full text of lengthy primary sources">Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Plagiarism" title="Wikipedia:Plagiarism">Plagiarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_create_hoaxes" title="Wikipedia:Do not create hoaxes">Don't create hoaxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fringe_theories" title="Wikipedia:Fringe theories">Fringe theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patent_nonsense" title="Wikipedia:Patent nonsense">Patent nonsense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">External links</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Conduct <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="describes how editors can successfully collaborate and what behavior is acceptable">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content" title="Wikipedia:Ownership of content">Ownership of content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">Edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">Sockpuppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_legal_threats" title="Wikipedia:No legal threats">No legal threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Child_protection" title="Wikipedia:Child protection">Child protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Paid-contribution_disclosure" title="Wikipedia:Paid-contribution disclosure">Paid-contribution disclosure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">Conflict of interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">Disruptive editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_disrupt_Wikipedia_to_illustrate_a_point" title="Wikipedia:Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point">Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gaming_the_system" title="Wikipedia:Gaming the system">Gaming the system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not bite the newcomers">Please do not bite the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Courtesy_vanishing" title="Wikipedia:Courtesy vanishing">Courtesy vanishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Responding_to_threats_of_harm" title="Wikipedia:Responding to threats of harm">Responding to threats of harm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures" title="Wikipedia:Signatures">Signatures</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Deletion <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="explains the processes by which pages, revisions, and logs may be deleted">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion">Proposed deletion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion_of_biographies_of_living_people" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion of biographies of living people">Biographies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Attack_page" title="Wikipedia:Attack page">Attack page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversight" title="Wikipedia:Oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Revision_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Enforcement <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="explains the various means by which standards may be enforced">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators" title="Wikipedia:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Banning_policy" title="Wikipedia:Banning policy">Banning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Editing <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="documents the various protocols about style and grouping">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">Article size</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">Summary style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">Be bold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Broad-concept_article" title="Wikipedia:Broad-concept article">Broad-concept article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">Understandability</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Contents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Accessibility" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">Dates and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Images" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">Lead section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">Lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Project content <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="protocols related to administration">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="G" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project namespace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Guide">WikiProjects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Userboxes" title="Wikipedia:Userboxes">User boxes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpages" title="Wikipedia:Subpages">Subpages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;;background: #dddddd;color:inherit;"><abbr title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</abbr> <abbr title="official policies and statements of the Wikimedia Foundation">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal; background: #e6e6e6;color:inherit;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policy:Universal Code of Conduct">Universal Code of Conduct</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="wmf:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policies" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policies">List of policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Friendly_space_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Friendly space policy">Friendly space policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy">Licensing and copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;;font-weight: normal;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of policies and guidelines">List of all policies and guidelines</a></b> <ul><li><b><span style="color:#118811;"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></span></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">List of policies</a></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></span></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">List of guidelines</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Principles" title="Wikipedia:Principles">Summaries of values and principles</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_accounts_and_governance" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template:Wikipedia accounts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template talk:Wikipedia accounts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia accounts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_accounts_and_governance" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">accounts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Human_and_legal_administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">governance</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Unregistered_users" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">Unregistered (IP) users</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why create an account?">Why create an account?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:CreateAccount" title="Special:CreateAccount">Create an account</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Request_an_account" title="Wikipedia:Request an account">Request an account</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_editors_are_human_too" title="Wikipedia:IP editors are human too">IPs are human too</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_addresses_are_not_people" title="Wikipedia:IP addresses are not people">IP addresses are not people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_hopper" title="Wikipedia:IP hopper">IP hopper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Registered users</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:New_account" title="Wikipedia:New account">New account</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Username_policy" title="Wikipedia:Username policy">Username policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Changing_username" title="Wikipedia:Changing username">Changing username</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Usernames_for_administrator_attention" title="Wikipedia:Usernames for administrator attention">Usernames for administrator attention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unified_login" title="Wikipedia:Unified login">Unified login or SUL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry#Legit" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">Alternate account</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Account security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Password_strength_requirements" title="Wikipedia:Password strength requirements">Password strength requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_account_security" title="Wikipedia:User account security">User account security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Personal_security_practices" title="Wikipedia:Personal security practices">Personal security practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Two-factor_authentication" title="Help:Two-factor authentication">Two-factor authentication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Using_AWB_with_2FA" title="Wikipedia:Using AWB with 2FA">2FA for AWB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Committed_identity" title="Template:Committed identity">Committed identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:On_privacy,_confidentiality_and_discretion" title="Wikipedia:On privacy, confidentiality and discretion">On privacy, confidentiality and discretion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Compromised_accounts" title="Wikipedia:Compromised accounts">Compromised accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_not_get_outed_on_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:How to not get outed on Wikipedia">How to not get outed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blocks, bans, sanctions,<br>global actions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Blocks" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Blocks">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_guide/Blocking" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Blocking">Admin's guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_guide/Blocking/Tools" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Blocking/Tools">Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autoblock" title="Wikipedia:Autoblock">Autoblock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">Appealing a block</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">Guide to appealing blocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_Ticket_Request_System" title="Wikipedia:Unblock Ticket Request System">UTRS Unblock Ticket Request System</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_IP_addresses" title="Wikipedia:Blocking IP addresses">Blocking IP addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Range_blocks" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:Range blocks">Range blocks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Range_blocks/IPv6" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:Range blocks/IPv6">IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">Open proxies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Banning_policy" title="Wikipedia:Banning policy">Banning policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee/Ban_appeals" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee/Ban appeals">ArbCom appeals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sanctions" title="Wikipedia:Sanctions">Sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_restrictions" title="Wikipedia:Editing restrictions">Personal sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_sanctions" title="Wikipedia:General sanctions">General sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contentious_topics" title="Wikipedia:Contentious topics">Contentious topics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_enforcement_log" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration enforcement log">Log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sanctions_(essay)" title="Wikipedia:Sanctions (essay)">Essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Indefinite_is_not_infinite" title="Wikipedia:Indefinite is not infinite">Indef ≠ infinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Long-term_abuse" title="Wikipedia:Long-term abuse">Long-term abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Standard_offer" title="Wikipedia:Standard offer">Standard offer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Global_actions" title="Wikipedia:Global actions">Global actions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related to accounts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">Sockpuppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Single-purpose_account" title="Wikipedia:Single-purpose account">Single-purpose account</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sleeper_account" title="Wikipedia:Sleeper account">Sleeper account</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism-only_account" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism-only account">Vandalism-only account</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikibreak" title="Wikipedia:Wikibreak">Wikibreak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_User_scripts/Scripts/WikiBreak_Enforcer" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/WikiBreak Enforcer">Enforcer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Retiring" title="Wikipedia:Retiring">Retiring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Courtesy_vanishing" title="Wikipedia:Courtesy vanishing">Courtesy vanishing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Clean_start" title="Wikipedia:Clean start">Clean start</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/User:Worm_That_Turned/Quiet_return" title="User:Worm That Turned/Quiet return">Quiet return</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User groups</a><br> and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User_groups#Global_user_groups" class="extiw" title="m:User groups">global user groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions">Requests for permissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Administrator_instructions" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Administrator instructions">Admin instructions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_guide/Granting_and_revoking_user_rights" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Granting and revoking user rights">Admin guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Account_creator" title="Wikipedia:Account creator">Account creator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Account_creator" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Account creator">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Confirmed_users" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">(Auto) confirmed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Confirmed" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Confirmed">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autopatrolled" title="Wikipedia:Autopatrolled">Autopatrolled</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Autopatrolled" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Autopatrolled">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/AutoWikiBrowser">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bot_policy" title="Wikipedia:Bot policy">Bot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots/Requests_for_approval" title="Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval">Request</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter_helper" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter helper">Edit filter helper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter_noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter noticeboard">Request</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Event_coordinator" title="Wikipedia:Event coordinator">Event coordinator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Event_coordinator" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Event coordinator">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Extendedconfirmed" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">Extended confirmed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Extended_confirmed" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Extended confirmed">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_mover" title="Wikipedia:File mover">File mover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/File_mover" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/File mover">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">IP block exempt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_Ticket_Request_System" title="Wikipedia:Unblock Ticket Request System">Request</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mass_message_senders" title="Wikipedia:Mass message senders">Mass message sender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Mass_message_sender" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Mass message sender">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers" title="Wikipedia:New pages patrol/Reviewers">New page reviewer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/New_page_reviewer" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/New page reviewer">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_mover" title="Wikipedia:Page mover">Page mover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Page_mover" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Page mover">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reviewing_pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Reviewing pending changes">Pending changes reviewer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Pending_changes_reviewer" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Pending changes reviewer">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rollback" title="Wikipedia:Rollback">Rollback</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Rollback" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Rollback">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_editor" title="Wikipedia:Template editor">Template editor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_permissions/Template_editor" title="Wikipedia:Requests for permissions/Template editor">PERM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Global_rights_policy" title="Wikipedia:Global rights policy">Global rights policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Volunteer_Response_Team" title="Wikipedia:Volunteer Response Team">Volunteer Response Team</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advanced user groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators" title="Wikipedia:Administrators">Administrator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_adminship" title="Wikipedia:Requests for adminship">RfA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bureaucrats" title="Wikipedia:Bureaucrats">Bureaucrat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_adminship#Current_nominations_for_bureaucratship" title="Wikipedia:Requests for adminship">RfB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CheckUser" title="Wikipedia:CheckUser">CheckUser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversight" title="Wikipedia:Oversight">Oversight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee/CheckUser_and_Oversight#Appointments" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee/CheckUser and Oversight">Request</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter manager</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter_noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter noticeboard">Request</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Interface_administrators" title="Wikipedia:Interface administrators">Interface administrator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bureaucrats%27_noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:Bureaucrats' noticeboard">Request</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Role_of_Jimmy_Wales#Founder_flag" title="Wikipedia:Role of Jimmy Wales">Founder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Importers_and_transwiki_importers" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">Importer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels#Researcher" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">Researcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Committees" title="Wikipedia:Committees">Committees</a> and related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee">Arbitration Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bot_Approvals_Group" title="Wikipedia:Bot Approvals Group">Bot approvals group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Functionaries" title="Wikipedia:Functionaries">Functionaries</a></li> <li>Clerks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppet_investigations/SPI/Clerks" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/SPI/Clerks">SPI clerks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Arbitration_Committee/Clerks" title="Wikipedia:Arbitration Committee/Clerks">ArbCom clerks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Administrators" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Administrators">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Formal_organization" title="Wikipedia:Formal organization">Formal organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editorial_oversight_and_control" title="Wikipedia:Editorial oversight and control">Editorial oversight and control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Quality_control" title="Wikipedia:Quality control">Quality control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Foundation#Board_of_Trustees" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation">Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Role_of_Jimmy_Wales#Founder's_seat_on_the_Foundation_Board" title="Wikipedia:Role of Jimmy Wales">Founder's seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Meta" title="Wikipedia:Meta">Meta-Wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_proposals" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia proposals">Proposals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">WikiProjects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Elections" title="Wikipedia:Elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_petitions" title="Wikipedia:List of petitions">Petitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reforms" title="Wikipedia:Reforms">Reforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Consensus&oldid=1256803170">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Consensus&oldid=1256803170</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Consensus&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Cambalachero" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1731345350"> <span>Last edited on 11 November 2024, at 17:15</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82" title="ويكيبيديا:توافق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:توافق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:ঐক্যমত – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:ঐক্যমত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Konsensus" title="Vikipediya:Konsensus – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikipediya:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%81%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:فیکیر بیرلیگی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:فیکیر بیرلیگی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:ঐকমত্য – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:ঐকমত্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ki%C5%8Dng-sek" title="Wikipedia:Kiōng-sek – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wikipedia:Kiōng-sek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%A1_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%99_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D2%AF" title="Википедия:Уртаҡ фекергә килеү – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Википедия:Уртаҡ фекергә килеү" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вікіпедыя:Кансэнсус – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Кансэнсус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вікіпэдыя:Кансэнсус – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вікіпэдыя:Кансэнсус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Уикипедия:Консенсус – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Консенсус" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsenzus" title="Wikipedia:Konsenzus – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsenzus" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kenemglev" title="Wikipedia:Kenemglev – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wikipedia:Kenemglev" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Consens" title="Viquipèdia:Consens – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquipèdia:Consens" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:Konsenzus" title="Wikipedie:Konsenzus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikipedie:Konsenzus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicipedia:Consensws" title="Wicipedia:Consensws – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wicipedia:Consensws" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Βικιπαίδεια:Συναίνεση – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιπαίδεια:Συναίνεση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consenso" title="Wikipedia:Consenso – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia:Consenso" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedio:Interkonsento" title="Vikipedio:Interkonsento – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikipedio:Interkonsento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="ویکی‌پدیا:اجماع – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:اجماع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Consensus" title="Wikipédia:Consensus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia:Consensus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consenso" title="Wikipedia:Consenso – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Consenso" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%B4%9D%EC%9D%98" title="위키백과:총의 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:총의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1:%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Վիքիպեդիա:Համաձայնություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիքիպեդիա:Համաձայնություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="विकिपीडिया:आम सहमति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:आम सहमति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Konsenzus" title="Wikipedija:Konsenzus – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Konsenzus" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consenso" title="Wikipedia:Consenso – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Wikipedia:Consenso" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consenso" title="Wikipedia:Consenso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikipedia:Consenso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ვიკიპედია:კონსენსუსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიკიპედია:კონსენსუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Уикипедия:Консенсус – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уикипедия:Консенсус" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:Konsensusas" title="Vikipedija:Konsensusas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikipedija:Konsensusas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Konszenzus" title="Wikipédia:Konszenzus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Konszenzus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%81" title="Википедија:Консензус – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија:Консензус" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:സമവായം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:സമവായം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Kunsens" title="Wikipedija:Kunsens – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Wikipedija:Kunsens" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82" title="ويكيبيديا:توافق – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويكيبيديا:توافق" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sepersetujuan" title="Wikipedia:Sepersetujuan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia:Sepersetujuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wikipedia:Consensus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="विकिपिडिया:आम सहमति – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विकिपिडिया:आम सहमति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%90%88%E6%84%8F%E5%BD%A2%E6%88%90" title="Wikipedia:合意形成 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:合意形成" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Konsensus" title="Vikipediya:Konsensus – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vikipediya:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%84%DB%90" title="ويکيپېډيا:ټولمنلې – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ويکيپېډيا:ټولمنلې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Consenso" title="Wikipédia:Consenso – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Consenso" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consens" title="Wikipedia:Consens – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikipedia:Consens" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Википедия:Консенсус – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Консенсус" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8D:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Бикипиэдьийэ:Консенсус – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бикипиэдьийэ:Консенсус" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Marr%C3%ABveshja" title="Wikipedia:Marrëveshja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Wikipedia:Marrëveshja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%9F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="විකිපීඩියා:පොදු එකඟත්වය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:පොදු එකඟත්වය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Consensus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%AA%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="وڪيپيڊيا:ايڪتا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وڪيپيڊيا:ايڪتا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Konsenzus" title="Wikipédia:Konsenzus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wikipédia:Konsenzus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Soglasje" title="Wikipedija:Soglasje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Soglasje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="ویکیپیدیا:یەکدەنگی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیا:یەکدەنگی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%81" title="Википедија:Консензус – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Консензус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Konsenzus" title="Wikipedija:Konsenzus – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikipedija:Konsenzus" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsensus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsenso" title="Wikipedia:Konsenso – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikipedia:Konsenso" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:இணக்க முடிவு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:இணக்க முடிவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Википедия:Консенсус – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Википедия:Консенсус" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%8F%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="వికీపీడియా:ఏకాభిప్రాయం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీపీడియా:ఏకాభిప్రాయం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ความเห็นพ้อง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดีย:ความเห็นพ้อง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%98%D2%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%8A" title="Википедиа:Иҷмоъ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Википедиа:Иҷмоъ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:Fikir_birli%C4%9Fi" title="Vikipedi:Fikir birliği – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Fikir birliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вікіпедія:Консенсус – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікіпедія:Консенсус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82" title="ویکیپیڈیا:اتفاق – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویکیپیڈیا:اتفاق" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Consenso" title="Wikipedia:Consenso – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Wikipedia:Consenso" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_thu%E1%BA%ADn" title="Wikipedia:Đồng thuận – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Đồng thuận" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%B0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D6%BC%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A2:%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A1" title="װיקיפּעדיע:קאנסענסוס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="װיקיפּעדיע:קאנסענסוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B1%E8%AD%98" title="Wikipedia:共識 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Wikipedia:共識" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86" title="Wikipedia:共识 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:共识" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 November 2024, at 17:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a 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