CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913527eb2cf48819',cH: 'zEXP9LovwJuv9i0siOZnYC8rM3K15apiDHRYn2zOzd8-1739788791-1.2.1.1-OiCbJ_zYrL8lYi.m6QmF7WjZgb8Yhd7eXuNZxNFMRIN0VpDFVU9FXQjdqpQH9grl',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=tablets&__cf_chl_tk=zgZcO8K1d4IZ.ksuYQnLy6Mju7KKD6ACQ_98nsY6Zls-1739788791-1.0.1.1-Fxrg_RJt5C9X0P9sCCR77JabmlU9ua2hncbz5IJ.lWQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788791',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=tablets&__cf_chl_f_tk=zgZcO8K1d4IZ.ksuYQnLy6Mju7KKD6ACQ_98nsY6Zls-1739788791-1.0.1.1-Fxrg_RJt5C9X0P9sCCR77JabmlU9ua2hncbz5IJ.lWQ",md: "18QjpAaP0Botha01j9OftQzVKubhOeQkgdJrqXHtGAs-1739788791-1.2.1.1-23rcTAYs3PZDj83SeeCI3r5f4DDPogG6fVKNQQ3NnGusSPREFXU8Wpl9krgSKDET6zXjvXolDl_YLE8hN3bumFlLVWJTi5NrfboHjMVXTA_9wQGYYWbW55Z8Z5PrEDjve8EjLkUnPYJvAki7byqR7IeAwhqoYu2q6QlZuBCl8rcn8T3twk3zvJAX6CeVaQVkScsvBDiJSewZzUmYFFQKE1MTi2P8cI31MS7vQ3UDafUaNRFtNdl6SI3fyiP4_O6dzsA32wDboNbEb8LPOip63nhZwW74ij6i42Y1VgLF__agQBrnIoxy_f__16pfck9gbmfV4_FjxUJzhepFdZtTdNo6ebBmMpfpvtpeYb0p.in1kZWp9YmXBxkdbVkRFSeqyHbvuefiySiIKlvtlQsq7d7nqsMGUVAb6DsUlt_dAEqvaUP9Fsqg3fZt51Gk7xZkEaHur75vUpe0Ndm2qkLmKOIlKspfvllyO.YyeFBFGieTDlVW..JYhUCDo3P0eIYQfhGR0SygSZyzlM4CWiDCsFLmzoUZ.cqm3hJpbwc86jcIKOvGxkJJsEcw_nEWAp3BFwn3PJ.MSTdWg5rEs5y3Vlg5GOaRi.vZLAtt3AZWN__qWzDY4d8yyZcKFAkqg_W7uWrfu1inJ_A_nvOto210lDGwqLSPCDZGmLfHqD_yzGR4y3nwLHVkshZq_JmGb3hcuC_ci4umI8rw8w9RsKFNVD7BwKtcWOMOLXWst1uOufORtMr20ld7Hs3rQ_gpkQcHLbQmq5Ci99UvrxoieQn54mzwzsCQt0QW4PB6kyTBiZUlcliP_3IV52ZSFooWoEnILuGxAUKDAizxgdOG1DTk4_qepDizucNNKNYAhOfSJe0M54zOhXy4oPX4lHk8kBjXpVm8HHdQ60zIQqZKyUjzSk65qM1w76sayGssxnrnaHgC7T4vnK3jOEq71Yluse0K88_fp0WFvv1SQlJ87fBrLZHDXax7RwHpdZizjm7G4gx9K5.x8jlyVXOSWNSFMUG12ETktRJWOditxqYljtRO7qwPxoPYm6YO3nxiOnmDFIGDkvM.5cMvf648CW4nysfXMVTrMwnRtuoDrS63OM1_M9Dg6zpDTxJ4qob7mKnsjQyzJA34J2JahVbyKLNP4aGs0x7C9Pg0qv2_xW8czDug9IMmBMWCy9Lab9PRBi6YglyfOckZhT9hMGR4w55iJnt_myb9kGfU457hNZTcOJcIZkGGOs7LJg4aTM40Sl7H.bvW10GGGL4TyrNQHEwZXoOQJYle1kbIPE.OKHY2z64M.u6oJtW85UUHGuDCt5VZprEWSYKuYxAcQB8Sm5TB3X1EcLEpBHeQDKrPTj4OSjX8euHa5XVNib3vqc1SBtOLEgpE826iFa1GrOJqLOozCWogoiGd4C6F2iDwqxUTgIoTSa6d8s5sv3CinQNnylTJu4mGuavQghX_wDtOx9H6NADK4nfqQxRSw8v4BP5WhyHYEyvo7M7nMxtv8N_uQgG0JXTYE0_ajAvGcA3WAxgD6oenBY9V7Y8I5s_FwltF35flM3W9kQwqw1SLf2OiPwvHTVpCWSs4fNB2VRn28VJsXFAQdGddkQtsv33IjRcZgs4WH_13FG8U0eGCATsrQ1bcvjzCbW7HJEJwuoV.1GF4FWmWxtvqTfFVOOurSwV8pgpNg9AGis4F3YWS91rHu4fG_vDoVLHp3B24qTLxRHK8CBqimnqL5kI2hFMCKA.7K.eBfbA1it8u9GfphTMFi9Qbq5AD6tgE9FVjdh.YXRYuJrE.iHAkiWNKTKKS5JldpCaiJGkXlOCueh.okS238GLHZBKm93mkdtZizH.bjv4QTePrZbF7XCguwFbytEb_FZUMoNK.UirHRz9IR95xqclBJSMJhW7C11HsKp5RQo6rjuTHDa43jAAcYiJxNkB9eXJ1ww",mdrd: "9EErhA.FruWdebcb9Dcd50sG2.GtLY_5TxKtT4qrP70-1739788791-1.2.1.1-Kx6ugBNd9TZ5uaK6K3o4CFOnGJiZbh9oLaEFq_TYEGredGuOjVHzFMK1_iUMZ912jhMxmGCZlU2dJP0BCnh5_LZ.W_X3biO8tFxHen1.jUiV_ckMqa8B37TSfn9737_jGSf1FzIXPfpD.wvyPpsDXxKK8fVNJ4kd7fXDf_qw1Hn.IS.ugr5ETHJugAQTHLUvvDUiMb_txsDrmIcO0x5L5n.YKkUcR_mvxtNFtPqOyVoeBjxtaYWJBiuGWbMySzbAxPYAO7uLSL4XNwJvwHtG46NBAhGNNUrYlebbf_CPf77KaZ0u3kvEx5v1WATxuR7N8No_vIfMNAe25l_i2Fq_KOB7XcChTLxoqFqDN3laEHawFhlQB6AinSoq8FA0WAL1zNOBt4kMsyMPpuOHyiNI9gMeq_xpTvrTgWisaly.NOqbvB7QRyydtRXe33TmbzHJbLgZtHkZS6b718sfZcOAgFoVcdlzFJELVQjdvxmsel9Ug4EAIMQiSkHG6PNx.PlV5AI_knrUNpqKmoqT7oc049wNxDG9cZwRtRLKVtcjhRmBCqD70_EPnh4z.Z9tehSLrnDzt1yzww0sWjiL._GrM_b0r7ojOeKd0TCKT2VP0wU7zXfqNVUgXTb0nsP7IU4kN3Ysn4nZSNwx9h0LVizaDEB1psi2Ztr96gIJFrT7FUYkfPV_Z7pE_kDRVuojbQ_mbGmdvb9PuWSeYOXOfjbndDOEX3.ApAxiasNdgbHEYzsmaRTJnTBnHvkgbsTns.ZAM8s7nsAIA2.RmcPdKf1wsVpKfo5mPkNvbr6GiVKKnpreJpKrF18_i.I9nPL.uHXlUZAEnx4foyaqsDjkga6HDMZgeZBZ8FexvizPoPRzF7frkViB_gKJ56lIa6Hy41Z9gIeJtQhUiKlIlqFqnLErGVG4jDYJgX1tCtaT755WBuG55O3wlA1bgF4rPKi7uq7CeHj44.02xEZNListHJ8TFNw7Kp92SOl6bV75KvCl7B_eh7jNcuS75_eIMnzWaXKXIziTdGTqYWf744qaxeXo6DexMynhcfYeK4x6.JRSrHcVOlq0HHB0ccEwcun5qQRJUchRNuW5P_EZA.L4eMzf_tI1rxnvy01gyq8L3A9Pul_BUIIhviELEpW6pdZJJn1n_h1nYfNQQgfapsYVBwVcZQBWlHhEFQVqL_LUZdKEhIpDD_PBWebPwD2XLtWwBIAH3gXlWSEFI6lzuotyTLnopzYn4_HBfV7rtIAz0HdZv_LCuY8b7U4fMmAAqxB21NfaSr9TrYK.KHv_hrjWMBaVYirfmVwzkDsnLhvN7f9Ob2DYlVWOLF0Z4AAHTHe8zOKXI.RpCzWwhmuBTfqcLG6hpSatPuFw0jjbNZRbcAGV6d0oqqxX5J74cydoTfqfav7eeZ80DYP_0M2UJcoMskywjcbgC2y65rWXvjd4b6r61L1OdnzfGDQSqPycPwMqFei3zc13TqK77ATKLRbC7cXEoB3TCVJX_rFqlGAmUlmxQs7RmBiNJ2aIqBDTWA7715Ih.EmW52ECbGb9PEV025yzrNB.DeRDX189o6r15T6fQqHEkuyeEb_DiOjdZpeKRlMw5ZhwPZ4z2zIgBvUQ02iZgVFMcLmhMNhZEm5cRmmNGO2L0p4zXi0RXRg2nKaBNmeo1r7q3_vWsvbXBS7KhS2iu_ADIMR9tr3IIRISOIUpgJLjcz4Dqa5af_UjN6AKwS0XR4RCOXPKdw5bpCDk1oYI_6CSrXGMu14D4srZHiAOnFOWbQpblaIqDrkexN.zMYNycOgXH0WMyxi6j7KCgAMZDxrWb.3s8cZUgfJY9RvxD1sa1RXfmARPSFKbKjJqNjMa9ZIZFBN2bwZfySFIeMPfqNWHAnIyaXMyInGzi0g.IYQQBEceLkk9oXSRIX.3x39mSIFGEzti4brj8sSiRHzi3EMbofAHWDPuZQOanFjx5cHxDJ023QHiXz2DIDhDHpbK"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913527eb2cf48819';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=tablets&__cf_chl_rt_tk=zgZcO8K1d4IZ.ksuYQnLy6Mju7KKD6ACQ_98nsY6Zls-1739788791-1.0.1.1-Fxrg_RJt5C9X0P9sCCR77JabmlU9ua2hncbz5IJ.lWQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>