CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913484003a7ece1e',cH: 'ppDC0FLc7xMfpXByBDia97sUQUjBHSoRIVA7hMqXyPU-1739782077-1.2.1.1-C_zsj_eWg3zVTb6BNwgpxPVdqH6MiVAMXc0MJqfixrzVnIIakw00nUv_ptVZ3Jag',cUPMDTk: "\/10004102\/ris?__cf_chl_tk=SfRrfnxjF9xuYEz4ngmUqwVaKSC3EJ2YwvA5Qu02DnU-1739782077-1.0.1.1-FvUgXpoFj6hnHi9KojuF1V8GDMzfOUJuAbQK7ILVgic",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739782077',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10004102\/ris?__cf_chl_f_tk=SfRrfnxjF9xuYEz4ngmUqwVaKSC3EJ2YwvA5Qu02DnU-1739782077-1.0.1.1-FvUgXpoFj6hnHi9KojuF1V8GDMzfOUJuAbQK7ILVgic",md: "PcJEHBSDZ.kn14pBmv1wfL_Zpf5d3CUD6LwWdZePOCU-1739782077-1.2.1.1-NzbN3PEoBoximybZ1PmyjfxhQifrOh6J6J6HvPWDBdk4ra6dTsaZRY5HhVKFzMSC2p.maNJNzm.IwbINRrL3yqCdOE0gpuUa9Fnkrpe.deM41hw6uqrE1.4kFCokyYEcr4cN4Pu0iLFm4C43YZ5DxmJzNoXQ8xntKF_2xpPOEYJR6sKbnPjb5_sAFph32ECzRLEODJGzdCpfmzX4sd9zfDBDpFZpCS5n9ckRFWnIq1e2Mf8qjHYySrmNKi05ytegpXrizAgWBf2FMWvOimJ3TX0.K9HyLDVeaKtm2i4EpDYXZacOUJTss0bULfTY0k204yR_tgeL2KMcpTwShnmO.AkhRmpcx6iLg1phefKop.7Y3a7MbVfMXQUO.JusCQhL5AsUcwKtJg.S4syotm1ZY4LSCKDjVJr0XK3tgqqgzZ_AiT6dHiiK2HAVlACbO.ZJ4reEn1_kTweJ9bCAheMcdlG7nY5M_GYZAagjF5iZWCkhyYy_hsQo8HrzYY936QyFVpbya7vxdKLT7HovOPGstXm6PP9eVpQSslg44rwB7P.w8MjKUCTbBEugdUiQ0DkQ5eHgbjPZN6ZKup52stBQnfJwjjSMilypkDc7ayE.O7oBKv8LH1P2YW9iOFiAOq2sOfy0BDKH1_TIWLHNgLlXFvoQa9f0XW1AEaYp0R2_NqAfcgKm6a6Lo7RtX6ce4_tVkRwLx7tPqOD.ZCF3rksOv8sPnhjXZKuKjEjdNd1xR47Flv4omFT43d9sJgGHv12xSS28PDxFL46ZFDmQ6fiYP9MshE9c303T8SSwH6KBt.EqPtlb.29kbJp5EK_hFx_wwpEePT9ZU3kgwz8QLykxtmQkRnfUoePN3eS0n4jknynsVeg1Z3M9D7B.uSFPZM0ZSIFXW5.jRU01r3cxztz64YXJmC1OhmVVWv1e_5rVLdHsUy7zllAeFYTapaTU6rgR6abLx2dHhd1bKfia6_pvthRGIOjXf7NgcBGuRTC.qUu845Y_nd4NPJ8ULhXJ6J5opvH_9C1xk.7c4YadRHl7pA3ZrWNkaOIZKtVq7sIxemEHpGsI5WNU06KPcgEmnHrd46qmvjSaoUugMjm6Wdm1Ea_uhq._YQXBuYWDM8WBxTnyFZsA2yIzNapG3mphuK6LJik7h9xPBrbLPfYeYYtkf9dbat124y0iJq4Qa9ImN3FqgdyTwqO.qtZhHTDNqFitMUnbePfIRgR.PWeTl.C_I7YuXeqazPtmAcq7hNiQebfCp8l1AxYfhP2w3uSgIlxlU9ss.Re74hy3Ykb7l1PIUUyoxfBQ4S1oeBsaciWCaWtnM0eqFeDoIkG7_HWZsChqHc5SIemnmWcgNHX2gJj1iUJSbge8Jio7.JuVci5_0.smhhzDVbtz1Xp5xCf8MunHnvYaYgFPJAvJnPj0qn2ucfU4sG2F8sFcRxpS.dxPnuGBLzNuuYltgAclVoXaC_jbvUMbRRbAWOhW90SNNy6cqq4ZV.RuYdc_R7fYFc7VeSq3aIUmDm2MeZ.iRR5qJ2nG.ctSiEu.qUrMsGUpX_X6WtQhDVixnDqrGGP5UfHmtgLLMbOYb2eVaX9wNFjSSCqDF8eStbxd9O_lT5VvI1Sdebep5w8QTdH6k5OEEXmT2osBeshf1sJIUkR25DGDNaqCXmyNUZHTlS7D79.RGG8xMyHXNfvNmXV9c.hRHU61dpMzOgwYos2E9GhglBeUFGeVGgZhtRkVXZqGAI1ADUvYM_eR8j6p_JSzwRFaJYg4VPq9t.lwJ3oi14CfGfyyIlCkkwWO.GRhaCxZ3NorjD9yS6Y888bq0BA7WmHfspna4UAU97zK15VzdjgginxYJux7hcJrTeICmPCX5LRD47Jzq1U72tJTXn5fO8YvQojJVzI",mdrd: "sEeh_htdaZjqVe6c6tMmFgZp_h2HDkl_VT7LwGMvqhk-1739782077-1.2.1.1-eacRgIG87661zt5lN25VQ0VamuIi.CnFP.iaSHfBwhx_OAr0ULWc2Lzk4tDkkc4BNhoA4brE2bzuP9cynNzGDuYjEsrQdmwVbPsjUWWhsyLUuYB6LdGvcfR_Kr2nYBNXYmmSflgEAP3XAGyMgj0loPq6.o7Ca2XLxt9o2wME4VeBIjBafsFH._hSLaCJW_AYy0ti8KK1mmxYgWdnR7GmHvMnqG.NmqukPAZI8pLTNaBftA08gkrO8uvddKa9VmdS43y8FQiTmkatQBConL6vFxbtox8xmcc2ZNH.CIHd1l_j_RZbGpYG2hUbCL56zr_pp7qk0fbE.Peuzpbw.YYJe3cqSnrzxbR57BK2CHgmJilWWPznCR1cciEaRBdhopcJWp.gu5_7jcMuVkXYG5Mqxy5N3hb9m5iit5mFmmjWTPJZA.zLB.WnYyyuTBtvRUXTrpFSIJD7rC8nsHRxNMNZ6Pgtvk1ZAtqfRgUvXExj6AM6irtHc4RHnA7HSjGDr44Anpp4MKE2Mg1frZeQYaPTRMrONmgglOoNDdkXwEtNw8xCbE_V2h6IurCJdoaYrJigtOQGmuquegILe07pBsWEoX1WwHRQgL7OEjmG2Ucy.jtQHwakQFUCQM_u26weGTJ.rU6c_kQIAGI8dRUGTU7VS8ocaM6aaBOc7LEDUAGsgnfFQBP6iOlsOeGfVHmnFjtOe4K75K.BQwud139Shn7_UMSQyZAGft2V4eMvi_io2VDkXS3WB03MTo4zzsdqO7l8CXIJmYRH3XoW_wuhjq2PJ8h1MoYDOUek5uuVXr_BoyiXhAdhqCDUtMJBJYAn3wLQZnGzffRZupcUDGkLq5cOCPp.N1jQIFGOtOF7Ge00k8w_mITNMxWgezrh5De5uXPFZupKP6hSm3atNt9NK.lKiNgBanYTj2_zS1Ykj300vzXgpOfiO7ADROtDwfN6yfJ.uddFuVfBG.5bXAe.UHnrHEOFY0d21ridEX9Gc.yZzmxYdAoTJSXW4leeAquA1ppA7IGkZWqG46E3Y.Wpe2yRcoMUq_k87Hw0YUHW3kkHxMg_.SMLa2sS6uckFWMSPFovTPhi5.XL01duL7_xTvBcXAvh.Bso5iN4IFJ1JR0PRsiXm8xPHoHW48LiWRSpYuN7mpjo.HMj4MzAWaTxNTsI6ZvYVJ_c7K79AN69RvF8_oj.K8FYGvB6VhbEBQA_nBn_Q8EpcoTuzAUKdz.lfZJdrTwN1uGdyksBP6p1yLqu5Cm.0lg1Fi_vuuv0cSiJOzLbHMjgNw3GFBzcJcZhLg0gFVo2H6X7rj5e0WGa.MpTFhBfj9YSMpf1vRn6qiVjwoe2VNcS74.Xfb6i88vTzZGvV2yGiFDy1c4GbnaziwwjElsaqArpTOzNVkb_dwI5VA0LhcAYMeq4evbRoP33PPQgEVrDcH80a3iE1FmUBtuuySdGoiyn0hO6PkL6_Q88cRSOHMB2_WPM_awXT_bhS.wK6UeJsJYWkti78rK0.16hXdvyFT9lFaIjOsQc2goFj5sSpnT9PkALkEhmM8h5SOIZp60ZtmkBHC3Uy8BxM8rcP.43uFaf7hW.fFICEo0WaA6d8uKbTVuOhnxqm1q37fO0ivsB7R1gLBvznEXu0vYsRqN5pOk8JvqZHmZEuNaNXCT_9_PqcIbw.WOyz1KvQo2F7GDf8kkkgd_ubfSXRS9Z5I9Vh9W2e5MPGMi33_OKHFksMFdwGZdzfosRSrGzpS0YMFYmYej8tavfThmwQNZ.46gGn2.2oxqyeuxNwTHiWTqEXpDjwc213ChxONAIXpHPzj.OvHhSwfxkrHmEusnmUujyk4PQ3nTquraKcaHeYji3764uS9kMYOgtZsAOJD6tMtaEQYl3sMguLJZjYhdA2P316JStwovMtRy7XlRVOf107Bx6129zroJQ5ynJDjSeUjC8rFL5vAqPHZMmKreBwRbTg..ahfCQojs4wHdzZHkFQq4ljSC7rNm221o60tcPlw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913484003a7ece1e';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10004102\/ris?__cf_chl_rt_tk=SfRrfnxjF9xuYEz4ngmUqwVaKSC3EJ2YwvA5Qu02DnU-1739782077-1.0.1.1-FvUgXpoFj6hnHi9KojuF1V8GDMzfOUJuAbQK7ILVgic" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>