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reactivity</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: vascular reactivity"> <meta name="keywords" content="vascular reactivity"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="vascular reactivity"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 651</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: vascular reactivity</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">651</span> Reactivity Study on South African Calcium Based Material Using a pH-Stat and Citric Acid: A Statistical Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilary%20Rutto">Hilary Rutto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mbali%20Chiliza"> Mbali Chiliza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tumisang%20Seodigeng"> Tumisang Seodigeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study on reactivity of calcined calcium-based material is very important in dry flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) process, so as to produce absorbent with high sulphur dioxide capture capacity during the hydration process. The effect of calcining temperature and time on the reactivity of calcined limestone material were investigated. In this study, the reactivity was measured using a pH stat apparatus and also confirming the result by performing citric acid reactivity test. The reactivity was calculated using the shrinking core model. Based on the experiments, a mathematical model is developed to correlate the effect of time and temperature to the reactivity of absorbent. The calcination process variables were temperature (700 -1000°C) and time (1-6 hrs). It was found that reactivity increases with an increase in time and temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity" title="reactivity">reactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citric%20acid" title=" citric acid"> citric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcination" title=" calcination"> calcination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time" title=" time"> time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57923/reactivity-study-on-south-african-calcium-based-material-using-a-ph-stat-and-citric-acid-a-statistical-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57923.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">650</span> Effect of Nigella sativa on Blood Pressure, Vascular Reactivity, Inflammatory Biomarkers and Nitric Oxide in L-Name-Induced Hypertensive Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamsiah%20Jaarin">Kamsiah Jaarin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusof%20Kamisah"> Yusof Kamisah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizah%20Othman%20Nurul%20Akmal%20Muhammad"> Faizah Othman Nurul Akmal Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakiah%20Jubri"> Zakiah Jubri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qodriyah%20Mohd%20Saad"> Qodriyah Mohd Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srijit%20Das"> Srijit Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forty (40) normotensive adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged three months weighing 180-200 g were divided into 4 groups with 10 rats per group: (1) normotensive control; (2) hypertensive rats; (3) hypertensive rats treated with Nigella sativa (2.5 ml/kg/day); and (4) hypertensive rats treated with nicardipine (5 mg/kg/day). After acclimatization, the hypertensive rats of the group 2, 3 and 4 were induced to be hypertensive by giving NW–nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 30 mg/kg/day) in their drinking water for consecutive 7 days. After one week, rats in the group 3 were given a daily oral dose of 2.5 ml/kg/day of Nigella sativa (NS) by oral gavage. Rats in the group 4 were given nicardipine (5 mg/kg/day) via oral gavages. All rats in this study received L-NAME continuously throughout the treatment duration. The blood pressure will be measured pre-treatment and weekly for 8 weeks using power lab. Blood was taken before and at the end of study for measurement of nitric oxide. At the end of 8 weeks, the rats are sacrificed and descending thoracic aorta was disserted for measurement of vascular reactivity, and intracellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1). Nigella sativa reduced both systolic and diastolic BP compared to control and L-name group. The BP lowering effect of NS was comparable to nicardipine a calcium antagonist. The blood pressure lowering effect of NS was accompanied with an increasing relaxation response to nitroprusside and acetylcholine and reducing vasoconstriction response to epinephrine. L-NAME and nicardipine on the other hand, reduced plasma nitric oxide concentration. In contrast, NS increased NO concentration. However, Nigella sativa had no significant effect on aortic VCAM- 1 and ICAM-1 expression. In conclusion; Nigella sativa oil reduces both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in L-NAME treated rats. The antihypertensive effect of NS was comparable to nicardipine. The BP lowering effect may be mediated via stimulating nitric oxide release from vascular endothelium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigella%20sativa" title="Nigella sativa">Nigella sativa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICAM" title=" ICAM"> ICAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VCAM" title=" VCAM"> VCAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title=" blood pressure"> blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20reactivity" title=" vascular reactivity"> vascular reactivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8889/effect-of-nigella-sativa-on-blood-pressure-vascular-reactivity-inflammatory-biomarkers-and-nitric-oxide-in-l-name-induced-hypertensive-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">649</span> Investigation of the GFR2400 Reactivity Control System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%A1n%20Ha%C5%A1%C4%8D%C3%ADk">Ján Haščík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%A0tefan%20%C4%8Cerba"> Štefan Čerba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20L%C3%BCley"> Jakub Lüley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Branislav%20Vrban"> Branislav Vrban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presented paper is related to the design methods and neutronic characterization of the reactivity control system in the large power unit of Generation IV Gas cooled Fast Reactor – GFR2400. The reactor core is based on carbide pin fuel type with the application of refractory metallic liners used to enhance the fission product retention of the SiC cladding. The heterogeneous design optimization of control rod is presented and the results of rods worth and their interferences in a core are evaluated. In addition, the idea of reflector removal as an additive reactivity management option is investigated and briefly described. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20rods%20design" title="control rods design">control rods design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GFR2400" title=" GFR2400"> GFR2400</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20spot" title=" hot spot"> hot spot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=movable%20reflector" title=" movable reflector"> movable reflector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity" title=" reactivity "> reactivity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9596/investigation-of-the-gfr2400-reactivity-control-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">648</span> Hollowfiber Poly Lactid Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA)-Collagen Coated by Chitosan as a Candidate of Small Diameter Vascular Graft</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dita%20Mayasari">Dita Mayasari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahrina%20Mardina"> Zahrina Mardina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riki%20Siswanto"> Riki Siswanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agresta%20%20Ifada"> Agresta Ifada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ova%20Oktavina"> Ova Oktavina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prihartini%20Widiyanti"> Prihartini Widiyanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heart failure is a serious major health problem with high number of mortality per year. Bypass is one of the solutions that has often been taken. Natural vascular graft (xenograft) as the substitute in bypass is inconvenient due to ethic problems and the risk of infection transmission caused by the usage of another species transgenic vascular. Nowadays, synthetic materials have been fabricated from polymers. The aim of this research is to make a synthetic vascular graft with great physical strength, high biocompatibility, and good affordability. The method of this research was mixing PLGA and collagen by magnetic stirrer. This composite were shaped by spinneret with water as coagulant. Then it was coated by chitosan with 3 variations of weight (1 gram, 2 grams, and 3 grams) to increase hemo and cytocompatibility, proliferation, and cell attachment in order for the vascular graft candidates to be more biocompatible. Mechanical strength for each variation was 5,306 MPa (chitosan 1 gram), 3,433 MPa (chitosan 2 grams) and 3,745 MPa (chitosan 3 grams). All the tensile values were higher than human vascular tensile strength. Toxicity test showed that the living cells in all variations were more than 60% in number, thus the vascular graft is not toxic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title="chitosan">chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collagen" title=" collagen"> collagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLGA" title=" PLGA"> PLGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinneret" title=" spinneret"> spinneret</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3156/hollowfiber-poly-lactid-co-glycolic-acid-plga-collagen-coated-by-chitosan-as-a-candidate-of-small-diameter-vascular-graft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">647</span> The Possibility of Using Somatosensory Evoked Potential(SSEP) as a Parameter for Cortical Vascular Dementia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunsik%20Park">Hyunsik Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the rate of cerebrovascular disease increases in old populations, the prevalence rate of vascular dementia would be expected. Therefore, authors designed this study to find out the possibility of somatosensory evoked potentials(SSEP) as a parameter for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of vascular dementia in cortical vascular dementia patients. 21 patients who met the criteria for vascular dementia according to DSM-IV,ICD-10and NINDS-AIREN with the history of recent cognitive impairment, fluctuation progression, and neurologic deficit. We subdivided these patients into two groups; a mild dementia and a severe dementia groups by MMSE and CDR score; and analysed comparison between normal control group and patient control group who have been cerebrovascular attack(CVA) history without dementia by using N20 latency and amplitude of median nerve. In this study, mild dementia group showed significant differences on latency and amplitude with normal control group(p-value<0.05) except patient control group(p-value>0.05). Severe dementia group showed significant differences both normal control group and patient control group.(p-value<0.05, <001). Since no significant difference has founded between mild dementia group and patient control group, SSEP has limitation to use for early diagnosis test. However, the comparison between severe dementia group and others showed significant results which indicate SSEP can predict the prognosis of vascular dementia in cortical vascular dementia patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSEP" title="SSEP">SSEP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cortical%20vascular%20dementia" title=" cortical vascular dementia"> cortical vascular dementia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N20%20latency" title=" N20 latency"> N20 latency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N20%20amplitude" title=" N20 amplitude "> N20 amplitude </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22594/the-possibility-of-using-somatosensory-evoked-potentialssep-as-a-parameter-for-cortical-vascular-dementia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22594.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">646</span> Retinal Vascular Tortuosity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-COPD Overlap Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabab%20A.%20El%20Wahsh">Rabab A. El Wahsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatem%20M.%20Marey"> Hatem M. Marey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Yousif"> Maha Yousif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20M.%20Ibrahim"> Asmaa M. Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: OSA and COPD are associated with microvascular changes. Retinal microvasculature can be directly and non-invasively examined. Aim: to evaluate retinal vascular tortuosity in patients with COPD, OSA, and overlap syndrome. Subjects and method: Sixty subjects were included; 15 OSA patients, 15 COPD patients, 15 COPD-OSA overlap patients, and 15 matched controls. They underwent digital retinal photography, polysomnography, arterial blood gases, spirometry, ESS, and stop-bang questionnaires. Results: Tortuosity of most retinal vessels was higher in all patient groups compared to the control group; tortuosity was more marked in overlap syndrome. There was a negative correlation between tortuosity of retinal vessels and PO2, O2 saturation, and minimum O2 desaturation, and a positive correlation with PCO2, AHI, O2 desaturation index, BMI and smoking index. Conclusion: Retinal vascular tortuosity occurs in OSA, COPD and overlap syndrome. Retinal vascular tortuosity is correlated with arterial blood gases parameters, polysomnographic findings, smoking index and BMI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSA" title="OSA">OSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COPD" title=" COPD"> COPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overlap%20syndrome" title=" overlap syndrome"> overlap syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinal%20vascular%20tortuosity" title=" retinal vascular tortuosity"> retinal vascular tortuosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168040/retinal-vascular-tortuosity-in-obstructive-sleep-apnea-copd-overlap-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">645</span> Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as a Vascular Left Carotid Sheath Mass: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karthikeyan%20M.">Karthikeyan M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20M.%20J."> Paul M. J.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This case report discusses a 54-year-old woman from Salem, Tamilnadu, who presented with a rare case of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), manifesting as a hypervascular mass in the left carotid sheath. The patient had a two-and-a-half-month history of non-progressive neck swelling, with symptoms including dysphagia and a choking sensation. Clinical examination and investigations such as FNAC and CECT revealed a large vascular mass in the left neck region, initially perplexing the diagnosis. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and excision of the left carotid sheath mass. Histopathology confirmed PTC. Postoperatively, the patient received Iodine-131 ablation and showed good recovery with no recurrence. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge and atypical presentation of PTC as a vascular neck mass, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach in evaluating thyroid and neck lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20neck%20vascular%20mass" title="lateral neck vascular mass">lateral neck vascular mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20aberrant%20thyroid" title=" lateral aberrant thyroid"> lateral aberrant thyroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20vascular%20swelling" title=" thyroid vascular swelling"> thyroid vascular swelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smooth%20post%20op%20recovery" title=" smooth post op recovery"> smooth post op recovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179226/papillary-thyroid-carcinoma-presenting-as-a-vascular-left-carotid-sheath-mass-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">644</span> The Effects of Cardiovascular Risk on Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Healthy Older Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Badran">A. Badran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20%20Hollocks"> M. Hollocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Markus"> H. Markus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Common risk factors for cardiovascular disease are associated with age-related cognitive decline. There has been much interest in treating modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in the hope of reducing cognitive decline. However, there is currently no validated neuropsychological test to assess the subclinical cognitive effects of vascular risk. The Brief Memory and Executive Test (BMET) is a clinical screening tool, which was originally designed to be sensitive and specific to Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI), an impairment characterised by decline in frontally-mediated cognitive functions (e.g. Executive Function and Processing Speed). Objective: To cross-sectionally assess the validity of the BMET as a measure of the subclinical effects of vascular risk on cognition, in an otherwise healthy elderly cohort. Methods: Data from 346 participants (57 ± 10 years) without major neurological or psychiatric disorders were included in this study, gathered as part of a previous multicentre validation study for the BMET. Framingham Vascular Age was used as a surrogate measure of vascular risk, incorporating several established risk factors. Principal Components Analysis of the subtests was used to produce common constructs: an index for Memory and another for Executive Function/Processing Speed. Univariate General Linear models were used to relate Vascular Age to performance on Executive Function/Processing Speed and Memory subtests of the BMET, adjusting for Age, Premorbid Intelligence and Ethnicity. Results: Adverse vascular risk was associated with poorer performance on both the Memory and Executive Function/Processing Speed indices, adjusted for Age, Premorbid Intelligence and Ethnicity (p=0.011 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Performance on the BMET reflects the subclinical effects of vascular risk on cognition, in age-related cognitive decline. Vascular risk is associated with decline in both Executive Function/Processing Speed and Memory groups of subtests. Future studies are needed to explore whether treating vascular risk factors can effectively reduce age-related cognitive decline. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age-related%20cognitive%20decline" title="age-related cognitive decline">age-related cognitive decline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20cognitive%20impairment" title=" vascular cognitive impairment"> vascular cognitive impairment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subclinical%20cerebrovascular%20disease" title=" subclinical cerebrovascular disease"> subclinical cerebrovascular disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20aging" title=" cognitive aging"> cognitive aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31232/the-effects-of-cardiovascular-risk-on-age-related-cognitive-decline-in-healthy-older-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">643</span> Histamine Skin Reactivity Increased with Body Mass Index in Korean Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong%20Hong%20Kim">Jeong Hong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20Wan%20Kang"> Ju Wan Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Histamine skin prick testing is most commonly used to diagnose immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases, and histamine reactivity is used as a standardized positive control in the interpretation of a skin prick test. However, reactivity to histamine differs among individuals for reasons that are poorly understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential association between body mass index (BMI) and histamine skin reactivity in children. Methods: A total of 451 children (246 boys, 205 girls) aged 7–8 years were enrolled in this study. The skin prick test was performed with 26 aeroallergens commonly found in Korea. Other information was collected, including sex, age, BMI, parental allergy history, and parental smoking status. Multivariate analysis was used to confirm the association between histamine skin reactivity and BMI. Results: The histamine wheal size was revealed to be associated with BMI (Spearman's Rho 0.161, p < 0.001). This association was confirmed by multivariate analysis, after adjusting for sex, age, parental allergy history, parental smoking status, and allergic sensitization (coefficient B 0.071, 95% confidence interval 0.030–0.112). Conclusions: Skin responses to histamine were primarily correlated with increased BMI. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical implication of BMI when interpreting the results of skin prick test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allergy" title="allergy">allergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index" title=" body mass index"> body mass index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histamine" title=" histamine"> histamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20prick%20test" title=" skin prick test"> skin prick test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21778/histamine-skin-reactivity-increased-with-body-mass-index-in-korean-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">642</span> Diversity and Ecological Analysis of Vascular Epiphytes in Gera Wild Coffee Forest, Jimma Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bedilu%20Tafesse">Bedilu Tafesse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diversity and ecological analysis of vascular epiphytes was studied in Gera Forest in southwestern Ethiopia at altitudes between 1600 and 2400 m.a.s.l. A total area of 4.5 ha was surveyed in coffee and non-coffee forest vegetation. Fifty sampling plots, each 30 m x 30 m (900 m2), were used for the purpose of data collection. A total of 59 species of vascular epiphytes were recorded, of which 34 (59%) were holo epiphytes, two (4%) were hemi epiphytes and 22 (37%) species were accidental vascular epiphytes. To study the altitudinal distribution of vascular epiphytes, altitudes were classified into higher >2000, middle 1800-2000 and lower 1600-1800 m.a.s.l. According to Shannon-Wiener Index (H/= 3.411) of alpha diversity the epiphyte community in the study area is medium. There was a statistically significant difference between host bark type and epiphyte richness as determined by one-way ANOVA p = 0.001 < 0.05. The post-hoc test shows that there is significant difference of vascular epiphytes richness between smooth bark with rough, flack and corky bark (P =0.001< 0.05), as well as rough and cork bark (p =0.43 <0.05). However, between rough and flack bark (p = 0.753 > 0.05) and between flack and corky bark (p = 0.854 > 0.05) no significant difference of epiphyte abundance was observed. Rough bark had 38%, corky 26%, flack 25%, and only 11% vascular epiphytes abundance occurred on smooth bark. The regression correlation test, (R2 = 0.773, p = 0.0001 < 0.05), showed that the number of species of vascular epiphytes and host DBH size are positively correlated. The regression correlation test (R2 = 0.28, p = 0.0001 < 0.05), showed that the number of species and host tree height positively correlated. The host tree preference of vascular epiphytes was recorded for only Vittaria volkensii species hosted on Syzygium guineense trees. The result of similarity analysis indicated that Gera Forest showed the highest vascular epiphytic similarity (0.35) with Yayu Forest and shared the least vascular epiphytic similarity (0.295) with Harenna Forest. It was concluded that horizontal stems and branches, large and rough, flack and corky bark type trees are more suitable for vascular epiphytes seedling attachments and growth. Conservation and protection of these phorophytes are important for the survival of vascular epiphytes and increase their ecological importance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accidental%20epiphytes" title="accidental epiphytes">accidental epiphytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemiepiphyte" title=" hemiepiphyte"> hemiepiphyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holoepiphyte" title=" holoepiphyte"> holoepiphyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phorophyte" title=" phorophyte"> phorophyte</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6845/diversity-and-ecological-analysis-of-vascular-epiphytes-in-gera-wild-coffee-forest-jimma-zone-of-oromia-regional-state-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">641</span> Three-Dimensional Computer Graphical Demonstration of Calcified Tissue and Its Clinical Significance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Itsuo%20Yokoyama">Itsuo Yokoyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rikako%20Kikuti"> Rikako Kikuti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miti%20Sekikawa"> Miti Sekikawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tosinori%20Asai"> Tosinori Asai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarai%20Tsuyoshi"> Sarai Tsuyoshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Vascular access for hemodialysis therapy is often difficult, even for experienced medical personnel. Ultrasound guided needle placement have been performed occasionally but is not always helpful in certain cases with complicated vascular anatomy. Obtaining precise anatomical knowledge of the vascular structure is important to prevent access-related complications. With augmented reality (AR) device such as AR glasses, the virtual vascular structure is shown superimposed on the actual patient vessels, thus enabling the operator to maneuver catheter placement easily with free both hands. We herein report our method of AR guided vascular access method in dialysis treatment Methods: Three dimensional (3D) object of the arm with arteriovenous fistula is computer graphically created with 3D software from the data obtained by computer tomography, ultrasound echogram, and image scanner. The 3D vascular object thus created is viewed on the screen of the AR digital display device (such as AR glass or iPad). The picture of the vascular anatomical structure becomes visible, which is superimposed over the real patient’s arm, thereby the needle insertion be performed under the guidance of AR visualization with ease. By this method, technical difficulty in catheter placement for dialysis can be lessened and performed safely. Considerations: Virtual reality technology has been applied in various fields and medical use is not an exception. Yet AR devices have not been widely used among medical professions. Visualization of the virtual vascular object can be achieved by creation of accurate three dimensional object with the help of computer graphical technique. Although our experience is limited, this method is applicable with relative easiness and our accumulating evidence has suggested that our method of vascular access with the use of AR can be promising. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abdominal-aorta" title="abdominal-aorta">abdominal-aorta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcification" title=" calcification"> calcification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraskeletal" title=" extraskeletal"> extraskeletal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialysis" title=" dialysis"> dialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20graphics" title=" computer graphics"> computer graphics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3DCG" title=" 3DCG"> 3DCG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT" title=" CT"> CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152713/three-dimensional-computer-graphical-demonstration-of-calcified-tissue-and-its-clinical-significance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">640</span> An Increase in Glucose Uptake per se is Insufficient to Induce Oxidative Stress and Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Khader">Heba Khader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Solodushko"> Victor Solodushko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Fouty"> Brian Fouty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of uncontrolled diabetes and causes vascular endothelial dysfunction. An increase in glucose uptake and metabolism by vascular endothelial cells is the presumed trigger for this hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction. Glucose uptake into vascular endothelial cells is mediated largely by Glut-1. Glut-1 is an equilibrative glucose transporter with a Km value of 2 mM. At physiologic glucose concentrations, Glut-1 is almost saturated and, therefore, increasing glucose concentration does not increase glucose uptake unless Glut-1 is upregulated. However, hyperglycemia downregulates Glut-1 and decreases rather than increases glucose uptake in vascular endothelial cells. This apparent discrepancy necessitates further study on the effect of increasing glucose uptake on the oxidative state and function of vascular endothelial cells. To test this, a Tet-on system was generated to conditionally regulate Glut-1 expression in endothelial cells by the addition and removal of doxycycline. Glut-1 overexpression was confirmed by Western blot and radiolabeled glucose uptake measurements. Upregulation of Glut-1 resulted in a 4-fold increase in glucose uptake into endothelial cells as determined by 3H deoxy-D-glucose uptake. Increased glucose uptake through Glut-1 did not induce an oxidative stress nor did it cause endothelial dysfunction in rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells determined by monolayer resistance, cell proliferation or advanced glycation end product formation. Increased glucose uptake through Glut-1did not lead to an increase in glucose metabolism, due in part to inhibition of hexokinase in Glut-1 overexpressing cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that increasing glucose uptake and intracellular glucose by overexpression of Glut-1 does not alter the oxidative state of rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells or cause endothelial cell dysfunction. These results conflict with the current paradigm that hyperglycemia leads to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in vascular endothelial cells through an increase in glucose uptake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endothelial%20cells" title="endothelial cells">endothelial cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20uptake" title=" glucose uptake"> glucose uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glut1" title=" Glut1"> Glut1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperglycemia" title=" hyperglycemia"> hyperglycemia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40571/an-increase-in-glucose-uptake-per-se-is-insufficient-to-induce-oxidative-stress-and-vascular-endothelial-cell-dysfunction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">639</span> Antibody Reactivity of Synthetic Peptides Belonging to Proteins Encoded by Genes Located in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific Genomic Regions of Differences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Salim%20Mustafa">Abu Salim Mustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The comparisons of mycobacterial genomes have identified several <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em>-specific genomic regions that are absent in other mycobacteria and are known as regions of differences. Due to <em>M. tuberculosis</em>-specificity, the peptides encoded by these regions could be useful in the specific diagnosis of tuberculosis. To explore this possibility, overlapping synthetic peptides corresponding to 39 proteins predicted to be encoded by genes present in regions of differences were tested for antibody-reactivity with sera from tuberculosis patients and healthy subjects. The results identified four immunodominant peptides corresponding to four different proteins, with three of the peptides showing significantly stronger antibody reactivity and rate of positivity with sera from tuberculosis patients than healthy subjects. The fourth peptide was recognized equally well by the sera of tuberculosis patients as well as healthy subjects. Predication of antibody epitopes by bioinformatics analyses using ABCpred server predicted multiple linear epitopes in each peptide. Furthermore, peptide sequence analysis for sequence identity using BLAST suggested <em>M. tuberculosis</em>-specificity for the three peptides that had preferential reactivity with sera from tuberculosis patients, but the peptide with equal reactivity with sera of TB patients and healthy subjects showed significant identity with sequences present in nob-tuberculous mycobacteria. The three identified <em>M. tuberculosis</em>-specific immunodominant peptides may be useful in the serological diagnosis of tuberculosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genomic%20regions%20of%20differences" title="genomic regions of differences">genomic regions of differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mycobacterium%20tuberculossis" title=" Mycobacterium tuberculossis"> Mycobacterium tuberculossis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peptides" title=" peptides"> peptides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serodiagnosis" title=" serodiagnosis"> serodiagnosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83354/antibody-reactivity-of-synthetic-peptides-belonging-to-proteins-encoded-by-genes-located-in-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-specific-genomic-regions-of-differences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">638</span> Would Intra-Individual Variability in Attention to Be the Indicator of Impending the Senior Adults at Risk of Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Attention Network Test(ANT)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanna%20Lu">Hanna Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20S.%20M.%20Chan"> Sandra S. M. Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20C.%20W.%20Lam"> Linda C. W. Lam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Intra-individual variability (IIV) has been considered as a biomarker of healthy ageing. However, the composite role of IIV in attention, as an impending indicator for neurocognitive disorders warrants further exploration. This study aims to investigate the IIV, as well as their relationships with attention network functions in adults with neurocognitive disorders (NCD). Methods: 36adults with NCD due to Alzheimer’s disease(NCD-AD), 31adults with NCD due to vascular disease (NCD-vascular), and 137 healthy controls were recruited. Intraindividual standard deviations (iSD) and intraindividual coefficient of variation of reaction time (ICV-RT) were used to evaluate the IIV. Results: NCD groups showed greater IIV (iSD: F= 11.803, p < 0.001; ICV-RT:F= 9.07, p < 0.001). In ROC analyses, the indices of IIV could differentiateNCD-AD (iSD: AUC value = 0.687, p= 0.001; ICV-RT: AUC value = 0.677, p= 0.001) and NCD-vascular (iSD: AUC value = 0.631, p= 0.023;ICV-RT: AUC value = 0.615, p= 0.045) from healthy controls. Moreover, the processing speed could distinguish NCD-AD from NCD-vascular (AUC value = 0.647, p= 0.040). Discussion: Intra-individual variability in attention provides a stable measure of cognitive performance, and seems to help distinguish the senior adults with different cognitive status. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intra-individual%20variability" title="intra-individual variability">intra-individual variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20network" title=" attention network"> attention network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurocognitive%20disorders" title=" neurocognitive disorders"> neurocognitive disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ageing" title=" ageing"> ageing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40980/would-intra-individual-variability-in-attention-to-be-the-indicator-of-impending-the-senior-adults-at-risk-of-cognitive-decline-evidence-from-attention-network-testant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">637</span> Comparing Spontaneous Hydrolysis Rates of Activated Models of DNA and RNA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20S.%20Sasi">Mohamed S. Sasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20M.%20Mlitan"> Adel M. Mlitan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulfattah%20M.%20Alkherraz"> Abdulfattah M. Alkherraz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research project aims to investigate difference in relative rates concerning phosphoryl transfer relevant to biological catalysis of DNA and RNA in the pH-independent reactions. Activated Models of DNA and RNA for alkyl-aryl phosphate diesters (with 4-nitrophenyl as a good leaving group) have successfully been prepared to gather kinetic parameters. Eyring plots for the pH–independent hydrolysis of 1 and 2 were established at different temperatures in the range 100–160 °C. These measurements have been used to provide a better estimate for the difference in relative rates between the reactivity of DNA and RNA cleavage. Eyring plot gave an extrapolated rate of kH2O = 1 × 10-10 s -1 for 1 (RNA model) and 2 (DNA model) at 25°C. Comparing the reactivity of RNA model and DNA model shows that the difference in relative rates in the pH-independent reactions is surprisingly very similar at 25°. This allows us to obtain chemical insights into how biological catalysts such as enzymes may have evolved to perform their current functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20and%20RNA%20models" title="DNA and RNA models">DNA and RNA models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20rates" title=" relative rates"> relative rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity" title=" reactivity"> reactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphoryl%20transfe" title=" phosphoryl transfe"> phosphoryl transfe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17090/comparing-spontaneous-hydrolysis-rates-of-activated-models-of-dna-and-rna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">636</span> Profile of Cross-Reactivity Allergens Highlighted by Multiplex Technology “Alex Microchip Technique” in the Diagnosis of Type I Hypersensitivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadiri%20Sabiha">Gadiri Sabiha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Current allergy diagnostic tools using Multiplex technology have made it possible to increase the efficiency of the search for specific IgE. This opportunity is provided by the newly developed “Alex Biochip”, consisting of a panel of 282 allergens in native and molecular form, a CCD inhibitor, and the potential for detecting cross-reactive allergens. We evaluated the performance of this technology in detecting cross-reactivity in previously explored patients. Material/Method: The sera of 39 patients presenting sensitization and polysensitization profiles were explored. The search for specific IgE is carried out by the Alex ® IgE Biochip, and the results are analyzed by nature and by molecular family of allergens using specific software. Results/Discussion: The analysis gave a particular profile of cross-reactivity allergens: 33% for the Ole e1 family, 31% for NPC2, 26% for storage proteins, 20% for Tropomyosin, 10% for LTPs, 10% for Arginine Kinase and 10% for Uteroglobin CCDs were absent in all patients. The “Ole e1” allergen is responsible for a pollen-pollen cross allergy. The storage proteins found and LTP are not species-specific, causing cross-pollen-food allergy. The nDer p2 of the NPC2 family is responsible for cross-reactivity between mite species. Conclusion: The cross-reactivities responsible for mixed syndromes at diagnosis in our patients were dominated by pollen-pollen and pollen-food syndromes. They allow the identification of severity factors linked to the prognosis and the best-adapted immunotherapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20IgE" title="specific IgE">specific IgE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allergy" title=" allergy"> allergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20reactivity" title=" cross reactivity"> cross reactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20allergens" title=" molecular allergens"> molecular allergens</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172601/profile-of-cross-reactivity-allergens-highlighted-by-multiplex-technology-alex-microchip-technique-in-the-diagnosis-of-type-i-hypersensitivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">635</span> A Numerical Model for Simulation of Blood Flow in Vascular Networks </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houman%20Tamaddon">Houman Tamaddon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrdad%20Behnia"> Mehrdad Behnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masud%20Behnia"> Masud Behnia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An accurate study of blood flow is associated with an accurate vascular pattern and geometrical properties of the organ of interest. Due to the complexity of vascular networks and poor accessibility in vivo, it is challenging to reconstruct the entire vasculature of any organ experimentally. The objective of this study is to introduce an innovative approach for the reconstruction of a full vascular tree from available morphometric data. Our method consists of implementing morphometric data on those parts of the vascular tree that are smaller than the resolution of medical imaging methods. This technique reconstructs the entire arterial tree down to the capillaries. Vessels greater than 2 mm are obtained from direct volume and surface analysis using contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT). Vessels smaller than 2mm are reconstructed from available morphometric and distensibility data and rearranged by applying Murray’s Laws. Implementation of morphometric data to reconstruct the branching pattern and applying Murray’s Laws to every vessel bifurcation simultaneously, lead to an accurate vascular tree reconstruction. The reconstruction algorithm generates full arterial tree topography down to the first capillary bifurcation. Geometry of each order of the vascular tree is generated separately to minimize the construction and simulation time. The node-to-node connectivity along with the diameter and length of every vessel segment is established and order numbers, according to the diameter-defined Strahler system, are assigned. During the simulation, we used the averaged flow rate for each order to predict the pressure drop and once the pressure drop is predicted, the flow rate is corrected to match the computed pressure drop for each vessel. The final results for 3 cardiac cycles is presented and compared to the clinical data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20flow" title="blood flow">blood flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphometric%20data" title=" morphometric data"> morphometric data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20tree" title=" vascular tree"> vascular tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Strahler%20ordering%20system" title=" Strahler ordering system"> Strahler ordering system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11033/a-numerical-model-for-simulation-of-blood-flow-in-vascular-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">634</span> Incorporation of Growth Factors onto Hydrogels via Peptide Mediated Binding for Development of Vascular Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katie%20Kilgour">Katie Kilgour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brendan%20Turner"> Brendan Turner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carly%20Catella"> Carly Catella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Daniele"> Michael Daniele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefano%20Menegatti"> Stefano Menegatti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In vivo, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides biochemical and mechanical properties that are instructional to resident cells to form complex tissues with characteristics to develop and support vascular networks. In vitro, the development of vascular networks can be guided by biochemical patterning of substrates via spatial distribution and display of peptides and growth factors to prompt cell adhesion, differentiation, and proliferation. We have developed a technique utilizing peptide ligands that specifically bind vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin (EPO), or angiopoietin-1 (ANG1) to spatiotemporally distribute growth factors to cells. This allows for the controlled release of each growth factor, ultimately enhancing the formation of a vascular network. Our engineered tissue constructs (ETCs) are fabricated out of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), which is an ideal substrate for tailored stiffness and bio-functionality, and covalently patterned with growth factor specific peptides. These peptides mimic growth factor receptors, facilitating the non-covalent binding of the growth factors to the ETC, allowing for facile uptake by the cells. We have demonstrated in the absence of cells the binding affinity of VEGF, EPO, and ANG1 to their respective peptides and the ability for each to be patterned onto a GelMA substrate. The ability to organize growth factors on an ETC provides different functionality to develop organized vascular networks. Our results demonstrated a method to incorporate biochemical cues into ETCs that enable spatial and temporal control of growth factors. Future efforts will investigate the cellular response by evaluating gene expression, quantifying angiogenic activity, and measuring the speed of growth factor consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20factor" title="growth factor">growth factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel" title=" hydrogel"> hydrogel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peptide" title=" peptide"> peptide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title=" angiogenesis"> angiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular" title=" vascular"> vascular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patterning" title=" patterning"> patterning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148298/incorporation-of-growth-factors-onto-hydrogels-via-peptide-mediated-binding-for-development-of-vascular-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">633</span> The Use of Polar Substituent Groups for Promoting Azo Disperse Dye Solubility and Reactivity for More Economic and Environmental Benign Applications: A Computational Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olaide%20O.%20Wahab">Olaide O. Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukman%20O.%20Olasunkanmi"> Lukman O. Olasunkanmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishna%20K.%20Govender"> Krishna K. Govender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penny%20P.%20Govender"> Penny P. Govender</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economic and environmental challenges associated with azo disperse dyes applications are due to poor aqueous solubility and low degradation tendency which stems from low chemical reactivity. Poor aqueous solubility property of this group of dyes necessitates the use of dispersing agents which increase operational costs and also release toxic chemical components into the environment, while their low degradation tendency is due to the high stability of the azo functional group (-N=N-) in their chemical structures. To address these problems, this study investigated theoretically the effects of some polar substituents on the aqueous solubility and reactivity properties of disperse yellow (DY) 119 dye with a view to theoretically develop new azo disperse dyes with improved solubility in water and higher degradation tendency in the environment using DMol³ computational code. All calculations were carried out using the Becke and Perdew version of Volsko-Wilk-Nusair (VWN-BP) level of density functional theory in conjunction with double numerical basis set containing polarization function (DNP). The aqueous solubility determination was achieved with conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation (COSMO-RS) in conjunction with known empirical solubility model, while the reactivity was predicted using frontier molecular orbital calculations. Most of the new derivatives studied showed evidence of higher aqueous solubility and degradation tendency compared to the parent dye. We conclude that these derivatives are promising alternative dyes for more economic and environmental benign dyeing practice and therefore recommend them for synthesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqueous%20solubility" title="aqueous solubility">aqueous solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azo%20disperse%20dye" title=" azo disperse dye"> azo disperse dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disperse%20yellow%20119" title=" disperse yellow 119"> disperse yellow 119</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DMol%C2%B3" title=" DMol³"> DMol³</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity" title=" reactivity"> reactivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86086/the-use-of-polar-substituent-groups-for-promoting-azo-disperse-dye-solubility-and-reactivity-for-more-economic-and-environmental-benign-applications-a-computational-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">632</span> A Rationale to Describe Ambident Reactivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Ryan">David Ryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Breugst"> Martin Breugst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turlough%20Downes"> Turlough Downes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20A.%20Byrne"> Peter A. Byrne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerard%20P.%20McGlacken"> Gerard P. McGlacken</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An ambident nucleophile is a nucleophile that possesses two or more distinct nucleophilic sites that are linked through resonance and are effectively “in competition” for reaction with an electrophile. Examples include enolates, pyridone anions, and nitrite anions, among many others. Reactions of ambident nucleophiles and electrophiles are extremely prevalent at all levels of organic synthesis. The principle of hard and soft acids and bases (the “HSAB principle”) is most commonly cited in the explanation of selectivities in such reactions. Although this rationale is pervasive in any discussion on ambident reactivity, the HSAB principle has received considerable criticism. As a result, the principle’s supplantation has become an area of active interest in recent years. This project focuses on developing a model for rationalizing ambident reactivity. Presented here is an approach that incorporates computational calculations and experimental kinetic data to construct Gibbs energy profile diagrams. The preferred site of alkylation of nitrite anion with a range of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ alkylating agents was established by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Pseudo-first-order rate constants were measured directly by ¹H NMR reaction monitoring, and the corresponding second-order constants and Gibbs energies of activation were derived. These, in combination with computationally derived standard Gibbs energies of reaction, were sufficient to construct Gibbs energy wells. By representing the ambident system as a series of overlapping Gibbs energy wells, a more intuitive picture of ambident reactivity emerges. Here, previously unexplained switches in reactivity in reactions involving closely related electrophiles are elucidated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambident" title="ambident">ambident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gibbs" title=" Gibbs"> Gibbs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nucleophile" title=" nucleophile"> nucleophile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rates" title=" rates"> rates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162495/a-rationale-to-describe-ambident-reactivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">631</span> Ultrasonography of Low Extremities Veins Before and After Replacement of Knee Joint by Endoprosthesis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Alabut">A. V. Alabut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20D.%20Sikilinda"> V. D. Sikilinda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20J.%20Nelasov"> N. J. Nelasov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20L.%20Eroshenko"> O. L. Eroshenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Morgunov"> M. N. Morgunov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20V.%20Koroleva"> I. V. Koroleva </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have analyzed the results of treatment of 204 patients with knee prosthetic arthroplasty. For the purpose of active delineation of vascular pathology triplex sonography of arterial and venous vessels of low extremities was performed in all cases in the preoperative period. When it was necessary, reconstructive vascular surgery was implemented to improve peripheral circulation and reduce the hazard of thrombosis after knee replacement. The combination of specific and nonspecific methods of thromboprophylaxis was used in perioperative period. On 7-10 day and 2.5-3 month after prosthetic arthroplasty, all patients iteratively underwent triple sonography. In case of detection of floating thrombus, urgent venous ligation was performed. Active diagnostics of venous thrombosis gave the opportunity to avoid fatal pulmonary embolism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20replacement" title="knee replacement">knee replacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=venous%20thrombosis" title=" venous thrombosis"> venous thrombosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonary%20embolism" title=" pulmonary embolism"> pulmonary embolism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20surgery" title=" vascular surgery "> vascular surgery </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5218/ultrasonography-of-low-extremities-veins-before-and-after-replacement-of-knee-joint-by-endoprosthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">630</span> Predictors of Pelvic Vascular Injuries in Patients with Pelvic Fractures from Major Blunt Trauma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Zayed">Osama Zayed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim of the work: The aim of this study is to assess the predictors of pelvic vascular injuries in patients with pelvic fractures from major blunt trauma. Methods: This study was conducted as a tool-assessment study. Forty six patients with pelvic fractures from major blunt trauma will be recruited to the study arriving to department of emergency, Suez Canal University Hospital. Data were collected from questionnaire including; personal data of the studied patients and full medical history, clinical examinations, outcome measures (The Physiological and Operative Severity Score for enumeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM), laboratory and imaging studies. Patients underwent surgical interventions or further investigations based on the conventional standards for interventions. All patients were followed up during conservative, operative and post-operative periods in the hospital for interpretation the predictive scores of vascular injuries. Results: Significant predictors of vascular injuries according to computed tomography (CT) scan include age, male gender, lower Glasgow coma (GCS) scores, occurrence of hypotension, mortality rate, higher physical POSSUM scores, presence of ultrasound collection, type of management, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) POSSUM scores, presence of abdominal injuries, and poor outcome. Conclusions: There was higher frequency of males than females in the studied patients. There were high probability of morbidity and low probability of mortality among patients. Our study demonstrates that POSSUM score can be used as a predictor of vascular injury in pelvis fracture patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictors" title="predictors">predictors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pelvic%20vascular%20injuries" title=" pelvic vascular injuries"> pelvic vascular injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pelvic%20fractures" title=" pelvic fractures"> pelvic fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=major%20blunt%20trauma" title=" major blunt trauma"> major blunt trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POSSUM" title=" POSSUM "> POSSUM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11963/predictors-of-pelvic-vascular-injuries-in-patients-with-pelvic-fractures-from-major-blunt-trauma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">629</span> Platelet Volume Indices: Emerging Markers of Diabetic Thrombocytopathy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitakshara%20Sharma">Mitakshara Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Nema"> S. K. Nema</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus (DM) is metabolic disorder prevalent in pandemic proportions, incurring significant morbidity and mortality due to associated vascular angiopathies. Platelet related thrombogenesis plays key role in pathogenesis of these complications. Most patients with type II DM suffer from preventable vascular complications and early diagnosis can help manage these successfully. These complications are attributed to platelet activation which can be recognised by the increase in Platelet Volume Indices(PVI) viz. Mean Platelet Volume(MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width(PDW). This study was undertaken with the aim of finding a relationship between PVI and vascular complications of Diabetes mellitus, their importance as a causal factor in these complications and use as markers for early detection of impending vascular complications in patients with poor glycaemic status. This is a cross-sectional study conducted for 2 years with total 930 subjects. The subjects were segregated in 03 groups on basis of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) as: - (a) Diabetic, (b) Non-Diabetic and (c) Subjects with Impaired fasting glucose(IFG) with 300 individuals in IFG and non-diabetic group & 330 individuals in diabetic group. The diabetic group was further divided into two groups: - (a) Diabetic subjects with diabetes related vascular complications (b) Diabetic subjects without diabetes related vascular complications. Samples for HbA1C and platelet indices were collected using Ethylene diamine tetracetic acid(EDTA) as anticoagulant and processed on SYSMEX-XS-800i autoanalyser. The study revealed stepwise increase in PVI from non-diabetics to IFG to diabetics. MPV and PDW of diabetics, IFG and non diabetics were 17.60 ± 2.04, 11.76 ± 0.73, 9.93 ± 0.64 and 19.17 ± 1.48, 15.49 ± 0.67, 10.59 ± 0.67 respectively with a significant p value 0.00 and a significant positive correlation (MPV-HbA1c r = 0.951; PDW-HbA1c r = 0.875). However, significant negative correlation was found between glycaemic levels and total platelet count (PC- HbA1c r =-0.164). MPV & PDW of subjects with and without diabetes related complications were (15.14 ± 1.04) fl & (17.51±0.39) fl and (18.96 ± 0.83) fl & (20.09 ± 0.98) fl respectively with a significant p value 0.00.The current study demonstrates raised platelet indices & reduced platelet counts in association with rising glycaemic levels and diabetes related vascular complications across various study groups & showed that platelet morphology is altered with increasing glycaemic levels. These changes can be known by measurements of PVI which are important, simple, cost effective, effortless tool & indicators of impending vascular complications in patients with deranged glycaemic control. PVI should be researched and explored further as surrogate markers to develop a clinical tool for early recognition of vascular changes related to diabetes and thereby help prevent them. They can prove to be more useful in developing countries with limited resources. This study is multi-parameter, comprehensive with adequately powered study design and represents pioneering effort in India on account of the fact that both Platelet indices (MPV & PDW) along with platelet count have been evaluated together for the first time in Diabetics, non diabetics, patients with IFG and also in the diabetic patients with and without diabetes related vascular complications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HbA1C" title=" HbA1C"> HbA1C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IFG" title=" IFG"> IFG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPV" title=" MPV"> MPV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PDW" title=" PDW"> PDW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVI" title=" PVI"> PVI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54336/platelet-volume-indices-emerging-markers-of-diabetic-thrombocytopathy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">628</span> Preliminary Study on the Factors Affecting Safety Parameters of (Th, U)O₂ Fuel Cycle: The Basis for Choosing Three Fissile Enrichment Zones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20H.%20Uguru">E. H. Uguru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20F.%20A.%20Sani"> S. F. A. Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20U.%20Khandaker"> M. U. Khandaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Rabir"> M. H. Rabir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The beginning of cycle transient safety parameters is paramount for smooth reactor operation. The enhanced operational safety of UO₂ fuelled AP1000 reactor being the first using three fissile enrichment zones motivated this research for (Th, U)O₂ fuel. This study evaluated the impact of fissile enrichment, soluble boron, and gadolinia on the transient safety parameters to determine the basis for choosing the three fissile enrichment zones. Fuel assembly and core model of Westinghouse small modular reactor were investigated using different fuel and reactivity control arrangements. The Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) integrated with CINDER90 burn-up code was used for the calculations. The results show that the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity (MTC) and the fuel temperature coefficient of reactivity (FTC) were respectively negative and decreased with increasing fissile enrichment. Soluble boron significantly decreased the MTC but slightly increased FTC while gadolinia followed the same trend with a minor impact. However, the MTC and FTC respectively decreased significantly with increasing change in temperature. These results provide a guide on the considerable factors in choosing the three fissile enrichment zones for (Th, U)O₂ fuel in anticipation of their impact on safety parameters. Therefore, this study provides foundational results on the factors that must be considered in choosing three fissile arrangement zones for (Th, U)O₂ fuel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity" title="reactivity">reactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20parameters" title=" safety parameters"> safety parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20modular%20reactor" title=" small modular reactor"> small modular reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soluble%20boron" title=" soluble boron"> soluble boron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thorium%20fuel%20cycle" title=" thorium fuel cycle"> thorium fuel cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115492/preliminary-study-on-the-factors-affecting-safety-parameters-of-th-uo2-fuel-cycle-the-basis-for-choosing-three-fissile-enrichment-zones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">627</span> Extremely Large Sinus Pericranii with Involvement of the Torcular and Associated with Crouzon’s Syndrome </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20H.%20Sanders">Felipe H. Sanders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bryan%20A.%20Edwards"> Bryan A. Edwards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Fusco"> Matthew Fusco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rod%20J.%20Oskouian"> Rod J. Oskouian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Shane%20%20Tubbs"> R. Shane Tubbs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Sinus pericranii is a rare vascular malformation that connects the intracranial dural sinuses to the extracranial venous drainage system and is caused by either trauma or congenital defects. Although the majority of these vascular structures are due to trauma, some are congenital. Case report: Herein, we report a 5-month-old patient with a very large and fluctuating subcutaneous mass over the occiput and the diagnosis of Crouzon’s syndrome. The child presented with a large midline mass that on imaging, connected to the underlying torcular and was diagnosed as a sinus pericranii. At long-term follow up and without operative intervention, the sinus pericranii resolved. This uncommon relationship is reviewed. Conclusion: Premature closure of posterior fossa sutures as part of Crouzon syndrome can present with large sinus pericranii. Such subcutaneous swellings might resolve spontaneously. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congenital" title="congenital">congenital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=craniosynostosis" title=" craniosynostosis"> craniosynostosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric" title=" pediatric"> pediatric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20malformation" title=" vascular malformation"> vascular malformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77300/extremely-large-sinus-pericranii-with-involvement-of-the-torcular-and-associated-with-crouzons-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">626</span> Experimental and Numerical Analyses of Tehran Research Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Lashkari">A. Lashkari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Khalafi"> H. Khalafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Khazeminejad"> H. Khazeminejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Khakshourniya"> S. Khakshourniya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a numerical model is presented. The model is used to analyze a steady state thermo-hydraulic and reactivity insertion transient in TRR reference cores respectively. The model predictions are compared with the experiments and PARET code results. The model uses the piecewise constant and lumped parameter methods for the coupled point kinetics and thermal-hydraulics modules respectively. The advantages of the piecewise constant method are simplicity, efficiency and accuracy. A main criterion on the applicability range of this model is that the exit coolant temperature remains below the saturation temperature, i.e. no bulk boiling occurs in the core. The calculation values of power and coolant temperature, in steady state and positive reactivity insertion scenario, are in good agreement with the experiment values. However, the model is a useful tool for the transient analysis of most research reactor encountered in practice. The main objective of this work is using simple calculation methods and benchmarking them with experimental data. This model can be used for training proposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal-hydraulic" title="thermal-hydraulic">thermal-hydraulic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20reactor" title=" research reactor"> research reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity%20insertion" title=" reactivity insertion"> reactivity insertion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modeling" title=" numerical modeling"> numerical modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13031/experimental-and-numerical-analyses-of-tehran-research-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">625</span> An Extremely Rare Anatomical Vascular Variant of Lower Limb Arterial System - Duplication of Superficial Femoral Artery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manik%20Sharma">Manik Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the anatomy and normal anatomical variations of the lower limb arterial system is undeniably important not only to understand the pathology involving the vessels of the lower limb but also as a part of endovascular intervention and surgical planning in cases that demand them as a part of treatment. There have been very few cases of duplication of SFA cited in the literature, close to six worldwide and this being the seventh case in the world and first to be reported in the Indian population. We incidentally came across this normal variant during US lower limb (US-LL) duplex scan in a patient with claudicating pain in bilateral lower limbs hence suspected of having peripheral vascular disease. It was confirmed on CT-Peripheral Angiography (CT-PA), which was done successively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peripheral%20vascular%20disease" title="peripheral vascular disease">peripheral vascular disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=claudicating%20pain" title=" claudicating pain"> claudicating pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20anatomical%20variants" title=" normal anatomical variants"> normal anatomical variants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endovascular%20intervention" title=" endovascular intervention"> endovascular intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duplication" title=" duplication"> duplication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CT-peripheral%20angiography" title=" CT-peripheral angiography"> CT-peripheral angiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duplex%20scan" title=" duplex scan"> duplex scan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iohexol" title=" Iohexol"> Iohexol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143749/an-extremely-rare-anatomical-vascular-variant-of-lower-limb-arterial-system-duplication-of-superficial-femoral-artery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">624</span> Development of Monoclonal Antibodies against the Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Toxins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveen%20Kumar%20B.%20T.">Naveen Kumar B. T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuj%20Tyagi"> Anuj Tyagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niraj%20Kumar%20Singh"> Niraj Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Visanu%20Boonyawiwat"> Visanu Boonyawiwat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanthanagouda%20A.%20H."> Shanthanagouda A. H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orawan%20Boodde"> Orawan Boodde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shankar%20K.%20M."> Shankar K. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakash%20Patil"> Prakash Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shubhkaramjeet%20Kaur"> Shubhkaramjeet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 2009, Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) outbreaks have increased rapidly, and these have led to the major economic losses to the global shrimp industry. In comparison to other treatments, passive immunity and monoclonal antibody (MAb) based farmer level kit have proved their importance in controlling and treating the diseases in the shrimp industry. In the present study, MAbs were produced against the recombinant PirB protein Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain causing AHPND. Briefly, Balb/C mice were immunized with rPirB at 15 days interval, and antibody titer was determined by ELISA. Spleen cells from mice showing high antibody titer were fused with SP2O myeloma cells for hybridoma production. Among 130 hybridomas, four showed high antibody titer and positive reactivity in an immunoblot assay. In Western blot assay, three out of four MAbs (4C4, 2C2 and 4G3) showed reactivity to rPirB protein. However, in the natural host, only Mab clone 4G3 show strong reactivity (with a strain of V. parahemolyticus causing EMS/AHPND). These clones also showed reactivity with less than 20 kDa proteins in AHPND free V. parahaemolyticus (Thailand stain). Further, on from MAb 4G3 clone, four panels of single cell MAbs clones (G3F5, G3B8, G3H2, and G3D6) were produced of which three showed strong positive reactivity to rPirB protein in the Western blot. These MAbs have potential for controlling and prevention of the AHPND through passive immunity and development of filed level rapid diagnostic kits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrimp" title="shrimp">shrimp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20loss" title=" economic loss"> economic loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHPND" title=" AHPND"> AHPND</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAb" title=" MAb"> MAb</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100048/development-of-monoclonal-antibodies-against-the-acute-hepatopancreatic-necrosis-disease-toxins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">623</span> Regulation of Differentiating Intramuscular Stromal Vascular Cells Isolated from Hanwoo Beef Cattle by Retinoic Acid and Calcium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong%20Gu%20Hwang">Seong Gu Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Kyoon%20Oh">Young Kyoon Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20F.%20dela%20Cruz"> Joseph F. dela Cruz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Marbling, or intramuscular fat, has been consistently identified as one of the top beef quality problems. Intramuscular adipocytes distribute throughout the perimysial connective tissue of skeletal muscle and are the major site for the deposition of intramuscular fat, which is essential for the eating quality of meat. The stromal vascular fraction of the skeletal muscle contains progenitor cells that can be enhanced to differentiate to adipocytes and increase intramuscular fat. Primary cultures of bovine intramuscular stromal vascular cells were used in this study to elucidate the effects of extracellular calcium and retinoic acid concentration on adipocyte differentiation. Cell viability assay revealed that even at different concentrations of calcium and retinoic acid, there was no significant difference on cell viability. Monitoring of the adipocyte differentiation showed that bovine intramuscular stromal vascular cells cultured in a low concentration of extracellular calcium and retinoic acid had a better degree of fat accumulation. The mRNA and protein expressions of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c and aP2 were analyzed and showed a significant upregulation upon the reduction in the level of extracellular calcium and retinoic acid. The upregulation of these adipogenic related genes means that the decreasing concentration of calcium and retinoic acid is able to stimulate the adipogenic differentiation of bovine intramuscular stromal vascular cells. To further elucidate the effect of calcium, the expression level of calreticulin was measured. Calreticulin which is known to be an inhibitor of PPARγ was down regulated by the decreased level of calcium and retinoic acid in the culture media. The same tendency was observed on retinoic acid receptors RARα and CRABP-II. These receptors are recognized as adipogenic inhibitors, and the downregulation of their expression allowed a better level of differentiation in bovine intramuscular stromal vascular cells. In conclusion, data show that decreasing the level of extracellular calcium and retinoic acid can significantly promote adipogenesis in intramuscular stromal vascular cells of Hanwoo beef cattle. These findings may provide new insights in enhancing intramuscular adipogenesis and marbling in beef cattle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title="calcium">calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calreticulin" title=" calreticulin"> calreticulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hanwoo%20beef" title=" hanwoo beef"> hanwoo beef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinoic%20acid" title=" retinoic acid"> retinoic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31990/regulation-of-differentiating-intramuscular-stromal-vascular-cells-isolated-from-hanwoo-beef-cattle-by-retinoic-acid-and-calcium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">622</span> Prediction of the Regioselectivity of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Nitrile Oxides with 2(5H)-Furanones Using Recent Theoretical Reactivity Indices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imad%20Eddine%20Charif">Imad Eddine Charif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafaa%20Benchouk"> Wafaa Benchouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidi%20Mohamed%20Mekelleche"> Sidi Mohamed Mekelleche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The regioselectivity of a series of 16 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of nitrile oxides with 2(5H)-furanones has been analysed by means of global and local electrophilic and nucleophilic reactivity indices using density functional theory at the B3LYP level together with the 6-31G(d) basis set. The local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indices, based on Fukui and Parr functions, have been calculated for the terminal sites, namely the C1 and O3 atoms of the 1,3-dipole and the C4 and C5 atoms of the dipolarophile. These local indices were calculated using both Mulliken and natural charges and spin densities. The results obtained show that the C5 atom of the 2(5H)-furanones is the most electrophilic site whereas the O3 atom of the nitrile oxides is the most nucleophilic centre. It turns out that the experimental regioselectivity is correctly reproduced, indicating that both Fukui- and Parr-based indices are efficient tools for the prediction of the regiochemistry of the studied reactions and could be used for the prediction of newly designed reactions of the same kind. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1" title="1">1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-dipolar%20cycloaddition" title="3-dipolar cycloaddition">3-dipolar cycloaddition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title=" density functional theory"> density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrile%20oxides" title=" nitrile oxides"> nitrile oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regioselectivity" title=" regioselectivity"> regioselectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivity%20indices" title=" reactivity indices"> reactivity indices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92661/prediction-of-the-regioselectivity-of-13-dipolar-cycloaddition-reactions-of-nitrile-oxides-with-25h-furanones-using-recent-theoretical-reactivity-indices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92661.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascular%20reactivity&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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