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Alfabet tibetà - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure

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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descripció" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descripció"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Descripció</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Descripció-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Descripció</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Descripció-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alfabet_bàsic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet_bàsic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Alfabet bàsic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet_bàsic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grups_consonàntics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grups_consonàntics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Grups consonàntics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grups_consonàntics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lletres_volades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lletres_volades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Lletres volades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lletres_volades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lletres_al_peu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lletres_al_peu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Lletres al peu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lletres_al_peu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marques_vocals_i_números" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marques_vocals_i_números"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Marques vocals i números</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marques_vocals_i_números-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ampliació_de_l&#039;alfabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ampliació_de_l&#039;alfabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ampliació de l'alfabet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ampliació_de_l&#039;alfabet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Ampliació de l'alfabet</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ampliació_de_l&#039;alfabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alfabet_ampliat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alfabet_ampliat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Alfabet ampliat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alfabet_ampliat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ampliació_dels_diacrítics_vocàlics_i_dels_modificadors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ampliació_dels_diacrítics_vocàlics_i_dels_modificadors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Ampliació dels diacrítics vocàlics i dels modificadors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ampliació_dels_diacrítics_vocàlics_i_dels_modificadors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romanització_i_transliteració" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romanització_i_transliteració"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Romanització i transliteració</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romanització_i_transliteració-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mètode_d&#039;entrada_i_disposició_del_teclat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mètode_d&#039;entrada_i_disposició_del_teclat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mètode d'entrada i disposició del teclat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mètode_d&#039;entrada_i_disposició_del_teclat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Mètode d'entrada i disposició del teclat</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mètode_d&#039;entrada_i_disposició_del_teclat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tibetà" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tibetà"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Tibetà</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tibetà-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dzongkha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dzongkha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Dzongkha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dzongkha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències_i_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències_i_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referències i notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències_i_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfabet tibetà</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 64 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="أبجدية تبتية - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبجدية تبتية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF" title="তিব্বতী লিপি - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তিব্বতী লিপি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тыбецкае пісьмо - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тыбецкае пісьмо" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тибетска азбука - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тибетска азбука" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF" title="তিব্বতি লিপি - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তিব্বতি লিপি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B" title="བོད་ཡིག་ - tibetà" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བོད་ཡིག་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skritur_tibetek" title="Skritur tibetek - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skritur tibetek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetsk%C3%A9_p%C3%ADsmo" title="Tibetské písmo - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tibetské písmo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="article bo"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetische_Schrift" title="Tibetische Schrift - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tibetische Schrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B" title="ཐིམ་ཕུག་གི་ཡིག་འབྲུ་ - dzongka" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཐིམ་ཕུག་གི་ཡིག་འབྲུ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C_%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Θιβετιανό αλφάβητο - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θιβετιανό αλφάβητο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tibetan script" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibeta_skribo" title="Tibeta skribo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tibeta skribo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_tibetano" title="Alfabeto tibetano - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfabeto tibetano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="الفبای تبتی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الفبای تبتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiibetil%C3%A4inen_kirjaimisto" title="Tiibetiläinen kirjaimisto - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tiibetiläinen kirjaimisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphasyllabaire_tib%C3%A9tain" title="Alphasyllabaire tibétain - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alphasyllabaire tibétain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibeetisk_Skraft" title="Tibeetisk Skraft - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tibeetisk Skraft" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_tibetano" title="Alfabeto tibetano - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfabeto tibetano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tivete%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD_achegety" title="Tiveteñe&#039;ẽ achegety - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tiveteñe&#039;ẽ achegety" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%98%D7%99" title="כתב טיבטי - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כתב טיבטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="तिब्बती लिपि - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तिब्बती लिपि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibeti_%C3%ADr%C3%A1s" title="Tibeti írás - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tibeti írás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%AB%D6%80" title="Տիբեթական գիր - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տիբեթական գիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Tibet" title="Aksara Tibet - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aksara Tibet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpabeto_a_Tibetano" title="Alpabeto a Tibetano - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Alpabeto a Tibetano" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_tibetano" title="Alfabeto tibetano - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfabeto tibetano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%99%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="チベット文字 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チベット文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Tib%C3%A8t" title="Aksara Tibèt - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Aksara Tibèt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ტიბეტური დამწერლობა - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტიბეტური დამწერლობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Tibet" title="Aksara Tibet - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Aksara Tibet" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%81" title="អក្សរទីបេ - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អក្សរទីបេ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%A0%ED%8A%B8_%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="티베트 문자 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="티베트 문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scriptura_Tibetana" title="Scriptura Tibetana - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scriptura Tibetana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeta_tibetan" title="Alfabeta tibetan - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabeta tibetan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Tibetiečių raštas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tibetiečių raštas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тибетско писмо - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тибетско писмо" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80" title="तिबेटी लिपी - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तिबेटी लिपी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_Tibet" title="Aksara Tibet - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aksara Tibet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="सम्भोट लिपि - nepalès" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सम्भोट लिपि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetaans_schrift" title="Tibetaans schrift - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tibetaans schrift" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetansk_skrift" title="Tibetansk skrift - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tibetansk skrift" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetansk_skrift" title="Tibetansk skrift - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tibetansk skrift" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80" title="ਤਿੱਬਤੀ ਲਿਪੀ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਿੱਬਤੀ ਲਿਪੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismo_tybeta%C5%84skie" title="Pismo tybetańskie - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pismo tybetańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="تبتی لپی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تبتی لپی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeto_tibetano" title="Alfabeto tibetano - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfabeto tibetano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrierea_tibetan%C4%83" title="Scrierea tibetană - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scrierea tibetană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тибетское письмо - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тибетское письмо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83" title="तिब्बतीलिपिः - sànscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="तिब्बतीलिपिः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sànscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="තිබ්බත හෝඩිය - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තිබ්බත හෝඩිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tibetan script" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetsk%C3%A9_p%C3%ADsmo" title="Tibetské písmo - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tibetské písmo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тибетско писмо - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тибетско писмо" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetansk_skrift" title="Tibetansk skrift - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tibetansk skrift" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95" title="อักษรทิเบต - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อักษรทิเบต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet_alfabesi" title="Tibet alfabesi - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tibet alfabesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%DA%AD%D8%B2%DB%87_%D9%8A%DB%90%D8%B2%D9%89%D9%82%D9%89" title="زاڭزۇ يېزىقى - uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="زاڭزۇ يېزىقى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Тибетське письмо - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тибетське письмо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="تبتی حروف تہجی - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تبتی حروف تہجی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_T%E1%BA%A1ng" title="Chữ Tạng - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chữ Tạng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87" title="藏文 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="藏文" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Төвдин бичлт - calmuc" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Төвдин бичлт" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="calmuc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87" title="藏文 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="藏文" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46861#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d&#039;aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=history" title="Versions antigues d&#039;aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d&#039;aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;oldid=33992303" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&amp;page=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;id=33992303&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlfabet_tibet%25C3%25A0"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlfabet_tibet%25C3%25A0"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Alfabet+tibet%C3%A0"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d&#039;aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tibetan_writing" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46861" title="Enllaç a l&#039;element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l&#039;enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background:Moccasin; font-size:120%;"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Infotaula sistema d&#39;escriptura"><img alt="Infotaula sistema d&#39;escriptura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kanji_Wa.svg/20px-Kanji_Wa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kanji_Wa.svg/30px-Kanji_Wa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kanji_Wa.svg/40px-Kanji_Wa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="133" data-file-height="123" /></span></span></span>Alfabet tibetà<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fitxer:The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg&amp;lang=ca" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg/langca-300px-The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg/langca-450px-The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg/langca-600px-The_Tibetan_alphabet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfasil%C2%B7labari" title="Alfasil·labari">alfasil·labari</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q29517555" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q29517555">escriptura natural</a> i <a href="/wiki/Escriptura_de_caixa_%C3%BAnica" title="Escriptura de caixa única">escriptura de caixa única</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;">Llengües</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tibet%C3%A0" title="Tibetà">tibetà</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dzongkha" title="Dzongkha">dzongkha</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35833" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q35833">Ladakhi</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35833?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Sikkim%C3%A8s" title="Sikkimès">sikkimès</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33086" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q33086">Balti</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33086?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36612" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q36612">xerpa</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56863" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q56863">Jirel</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56863?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19841092" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q19841092">Yolmo</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19841092?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36840" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q36840">Tshangla</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36840?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> i <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">sànscrit</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P407" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;">Creació</th><td class="infobox-data">650 i segle <span style="font-variant:small-caps; text-transform:lowercase;">VIII</span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P571" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;">Basat en</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_gupta" title="Alfabet gupta">alfabet gupta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">devanagari</a> i <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q250379" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q250379">Siddhaṃ</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P144" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Tibt <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P506" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>&#160;(330 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P2620" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;">Direcció del text</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17321844" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q17321844">d'esquerra a dreta</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P1406" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee; width:30%;">Interval Unicode</th><td class="infobox-data">U+0F00-0FFF <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46861?uselang=ca#P5949" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>L'<b>alfabet tibetà</b> és un <a href="/wiki/Abugida" class="mw-redirect" title="Abugida">abugida</a> (o alfasil·labari) de la <a href="/wiki/Fam%C3%ADlia_br%C3%A0mica" class="mw-redirect" title="Família bràmica">família bràmica</a> utilitzat per escriure diverses llengües tibètiques com el <a href="/wiki/Tibet%C3%A0" title="Tibetà">tibetà</a>, i altres com el <a href="/wiki/Dzongkha" title="Dzongkha">dzongkha</a>, el <a href="/wiki/Sikkim%C3%A8s" title="Sikkimès">sikkimès</a>, el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ladakhi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ladakhi (encara no existeix)">ladakhi</a> i de vegades el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">balti</a>. La forma impresa s'anomena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escriptura_uchen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Escriptura uchen (encara no existeix)">escriptura uchen</a>, mentre que la forma cursiva escrita a mà que s'utilitza en l'escriptura quotidiana s'anomena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escriptura_um%C3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Escriptura umê (encara no existeix)">escriptura umê</a>. </p><p>L'alfabet està estretament lligat a la identitat ètnica tibetana en sentit ampli, que s'estén per zones de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> L'origen de l'alfabet tibetà el lliga a la família bràmica com altres alfabets de la zona indica, i és un ancestre de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_limbu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet limbu (encara no existeix)">alfabet limbu</a>, del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_lepcha&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet lepcha (encara no existeix)">lepcha</a> <sup id="cite_ref-daniels_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniels-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> i del multilingüe <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_phags-pa" title="Alfabet phags-pa">alfabet phags-pa</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La creació de l'alfabet tibetà s'atribueix a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thonmi_Sambhota&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thonmi Sambhota (encara no existeix)">Thonmi Sambhota</a> de mitjan segle VII. Segons la tradició, Thonmi Sambhota, ministre de <a href="/wiki/Songtsen_Gampo" title="Songtsen Gampo">Songtsen Gampo</a> (569-649), va ser enviat a l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a> per estudiar l'art d'escriure, i en tornar va introduir l'alfabet. La forma de les <a href="/wiki/Lletres" class="mw-redirect" title="Lletres">lletres</a> es basa en un <a href="/wiki/Alfabets_br%C3%A0mics" title="Alfabets bràmics">alfabet índic</a> d'aquest període, tot i que hi ha controvèrsia sobre quin alfabet devia ser.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hi ha hagut tres reformes ortogràfiques. La més important es va fer a principis del segle&#160;<span title="Nombre&#160;escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">ix</span>, amb la creació d'una ortografia oficial per facilitar la traducció de les <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escriptures_budistes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Escriptures budistes (encara no existeix)">escriptures budistes</a>. De llavors ençà l'ortografia estàndard no s'ha modificat, malgrat que sí que ho ha fet la llengua parlada amb els <a href="/wiki/Fenomen_fon%C3%A8tic" title="Fenomen fonètic">canvis fonètics</a>, per exemple amb la reducció de clústers consonàntics complexos. Així doncs, en tots els dialectes tibetans moderns, i també en tibetà estàndard de Lhasa, hi ha molta divergència entre l'ortografia (que reflecteix la pronunciació del tibetà parlat al segle IX) i la pronunciació habitual. Aquesta divergència és la base d'un argument a favor de la <a href="/wiki/Reforma_ortogr%C3%A0fica" title="Reforma ortogràfica">reforma ortogràfica</a>, per escriure el tibetà <i>tal com es pronuncia</i>, i per exemple, escriure <i><a href="/wiki/Kagyu" title="Kagyu">Kagyu</a></i> en lloc de <i>Bka'-rgyud</i>. En canvi, la pronunciació de les llengües <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">balti</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ladakhi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ladakhi (encara no existeix)">ladakhi</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Burig&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Burig (encara no existeix)">burig</a>, escrites també en alfabet tibetà, és molt més propera a l'ortografia original. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descripció"><span id="Descripci.C3.B3"></span>Descripció</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Descripció"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet_bàsic"><span id="Alfabet_b.C3.A0sic"></span>Alfabet bàsic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Alfabet bàsic"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En l'escriptura tibetana, les <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADl%C2%B7laba" title="Síl·laba">síl·labes</a> s'escriuen d'esquerra a dreta. Les síl·labes estan separades per un <i>tsek</i> (་); com que moltes paraules tibetanes són monosíl·labs, aquesta marca sovint funciona gairebé com a espai. No s'utilitzen espais per dividir paraules. </p><p>L'alfabet tibetà té trenta lletres bàsiques, de vegades conegudes com a "radicals", per a les consonants.<sup id="cite_ref-daniels_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniels-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Com en altres <a href="/wiki/Alfabets_br%C3%A0mics" title="Alfabets bràmics">alfabets bràmics</a>, cada lletra consonàntica porta una vocal inherent; a l'escriptura tibetana és /a/. La lletra <span class="uchen" style="font-size:1.25em; word-wrap: break-word;">ཨ</span> també és la base de les marques vocals dependents. </p><p>Tot i que alguns dialectes tibetans són <a href="/wiki/To_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)" title="To (lingüística)">tonals</a>, la llengua no tenia to a l'època de la invenció de l'escriptura, i no hi ha símbols per indicar el to. No obstant això, atès que els tons es van desenvolupar a partir de trets segmentals, normalment es poden predir correctament amb l'ortografia arcaica de les paraules tibetanes. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:75%"> <tbody><tr align="center" style="font-size:small"> <th> </th> <th style="background:beige;" colspan="2">No aspirada<br /><i>alt</i> </th> <th style="background:#d6f5d6;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Aspirada" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspirada">Aspirada</a><br /><i>mitjà</i> </th> <th style="background:#ffcce6;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a><br /><i>baix</i> </th> <th style="background:#99bbff;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_nasal" title="Consonant nasal">Nasal</a><br /><i>baix</i> </th></tr> <tr align="center" style="font-size:small"> <th> </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fon%C3%A8tic_Internacional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Fonètic Internacional">AFI</a> </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th>AFI </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th>AFI </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th>AFI </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gutural" class="mw-disambig" title="Gutural">Gutural</a></b></i></td> <td style="background:beige; font-size:24px;">ཀ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/kːa/</span></td> <td style="background:#d6f5d6; font-size:24px;">ཁ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/kʰa/</span></td> <td style="background:#ffcce6; font-size:24px;">ག</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ga*/</span></td> <td style="background:#99bbff; font-size:24px;">ང</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ŋa/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal">Palatal</a></b></i></td> <td style="background:beige; font-size:24px;">ཅ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʃːa/</span></td> <td style="background:#d6f5d6; font-size:24px;">ཆ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʃʰa/</span></td> <td style="background:#ffcce6; font-size:24px;">ཇ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/dʒa*/</span></td> <td style="background:#99bbff; font-size:24px;">ཉ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɲa/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/Consonant_dental" title="Consonant dental">Dental</a></b></i></td> <td style="background:beige; font-size:24px;">ཏ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tːa/</span></td> <td style="background:#d6f5d6; font-size:24px;">ཐ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʰa/</span></td> <td style="background:#ffcce6; font-size:24px;">ད</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/da*/</span></td> <td style="background:#99bbff; font-size:24px;">ན</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/na/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/Labial" class="mw-redirect" title="Labial">Labial</a></b></i></td> <td style="background:beige; font-size:24px;">པ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/pːa/</span></td> <td style="background:#d6f5d6; font-size:24px;">ཕ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/pʰa/</span></td> <td style="background:#ffcce6; font-size:24px;">བ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ba*/</span></td> <td style="background:#99bbff; font-size:24px;">མ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ma/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/Consonant_dental" title="Consonant dental">Dental</a></b></i></td> <td style="background:beige; font-size:24px;">ཙ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tsːa/</span></td> <td style="background:#d6f5d6; font-size:24px;">ཚ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tsʰa/</span></td> <td style="background:#ffcce6; font-size:24px;">ཛ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/dza*/</span></td> <td style="background:#EEEFE4; font-size:24px;">ཝ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/wa/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:#d9b3ff;"><i><b>baix</b></i></td> <td style="background:#d9b3ff; font-size:24px;">ཞ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʒa*/</span></td> <td style="background:#d9b3ff; font-size:24px;">ཟ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/za*/</span></td> <td style="background:#d9b3ff; font-size:24px;">འ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/a/</span> <span class="Unicode">&#x27e8;</span>ʼa<span class="Unicode">&#x27e9;</span></td> <td style="background:#d9b3ff; font-size:24px;">ཡ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ja/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:#b3ffff;"><i><b>mitjà</b></i></td> <td style="background:#b3ffff; font-size:24px;">ར</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ra/</span></td> <td style="background:#b3ffff; font-size:24px;">ལ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/la/</span></td> <td style="background:#b3ffff; font-size:24px;">ཤ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʃa/</span></td> <td style="background:#b3ffff; font-size:24px;">ས</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/sa/</span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:#ffffcc;"><i><b>alt</b></i></td> <td style="background:#ffffcc; font-size:24px;">ཧ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ha/</span></td> <td style="background:#ffffcc; font-size:24px;">ཨ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/a/</span> <span class="Unicode">&#x27e8;</span>ꞏa<span class="Unicode">&#x27e9;</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="9" style="font-size:88%">* Només en <a href="/wiki/Manlleu" title="Manlleu">manlleus</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grups_consonàntics"><span id="Grups_conson.C3.A0ntics"></span>Grups consonàntics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Grups consonàntics"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un aspecte exclusiu de l'escriptura tibetana és que les consonants es poden escriure com a radicals o bé afegides a un radical, ja sigui com a lletra al peu (com un subíndex) o volada (com un superíndex), formant <a href="/wiki/Grup_conson%C3%A0ntic" title="Grup consonàntic">grups consonàntics</a>. </p><p>Per entendre com funciona, es pot mirar el radical &#160;ཀ /ka/ i veure què passa quan es converteix en ཀྲ /kra/ o རྐ /rka/. En ambdós casos, s'utilitza el símbol de ཀ /ka/, però quan la &#160;ར /ra/ va entre la consonant i la vocal, s'afegeix com a lletra al peu (subíndex). D'altra banda, quan la ར /ra / va davant de la consonant i la vocal, s'afegeix com a lletra volada (superíndex).<sup id="cite_ref-daniels_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniels-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> &#160;ར /ra/ canvia de forma de fet quan s'escriu a sobre de la majoria de les consonants; i. e. རྐ rka. Tanmateix, una excepció és el clúster རྙ /rɲa/. Igualment, les consonants &#160;ཝ /wa/, ར /ra/, i ཡ /ja/ canvien de forma quan s'escriuen a sota d'altres consonants; i. e. ཀྭ /kwa/; ཀྲ /kra/; ཀྱ /kja/. </p><p>A més d'escriure's volades i al peu, algunes consonants també es poden col·locar en les posicions anterior, posterior o post-posterior. Per exemple, les consonants ག /ʰka/, ད /ʰta/, བ /ʰpa/, མ /ma/ i འ /a/ es poden utilitzar en la posició anterior, a l'esquerra d'altres radicals, mentre que la posició de darrere d'un radical (la posterior), s'utilitza en les deu consonants següents: ག /ʰka/, ན /na/, བ /ʰpa/, ད /ʰta/, མ /ma/, འ /a/, ར /ra/, ང /ŋa/, ས /sa/, i ལ /la/. El tercer cas, la posició post-posterior és exclusivament per a les consonants ད /ʰta/ i ས /sa/.<sup id="cite_ref-daniels_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniels-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lletres_volades">Lletres volades</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Lletres volades"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les lletres volades, és a dir, que s'escriuen damunt d'una lletra radical, com si fos un superíndex, està reservada a les consonants / ra /, / la /, i / sa /. </p> <ul><li>Quan ར /ra/, &#160;ལ /la/, i&#160;ས /sa/ van&#160;volades amb ཀ /ka/, &#160;ཅ /tʃa/, &#160;ཏ /ta/, &#160;པ /pa/ i&#160;ཙ /tsa/, el so no canvia. S'escriuen i es pronuncien de la manera següent: <ul><li>&#160;རྐ /ka/, &#160;རྟ /ta/, &#160;རྤ /pa/, &#160;རྩ /tsa/</li> <li>&#160;ལྐ /ka/, &#160;ལྕ /tʃa/, &#160;ལྟ /ta/, &#160;ལྤ /pa/,</li> <li>&#160;སྐ /ka/, &#160;སྕ /tʃa/, &#160;སྟ /ta/, &#160;སྤ /pa/, &#160;སྩ /tsa/</li></ul></li> <li>Quan ར /ra/, &#160;ལ /la/, i &#160;ས /sa/ van&#160;volades amb &#160;ག /ʰka/, &#160;ཇ /ʰtʃa/, &#160;ད /ʰta/, &#160;བ /ʰpa/ i &#160;ཛ /ʰtsa/, el so canvia i perden l'aspiració. S'escriuen i es pronuncien de la manera següent: <ul><li>&#160;རྒ /ga/, &#160;རྗ /d͡ʒa/, &#160;རྡ /da/, &#160;རྦ /ba/, &#160;རྫ /dza/</li> <li>&#160;ལྒ /ga/, &#160;ལྗ /d͡ʒa/, &#160;ལྡ /da/, &#160;ལྦ /ba/,</li> <li>&#160;སྒ /ga/, &#160;སྗ /d͡ʒa/, &#160;སྡ /da/, &#160;སྦ /ba/, &#160;སྫ /dza/</li></ul></li> <li>Quan ར /ra/, &#160;ལ /la/, i &#160;ས /sa/ van&#160;volades amb &#160;ང /ŋa/, &#160;ཉ /ɲa/, &#160;ན /na/ i &#160;མ /ma/, tes nasalitzen. S'escriuen i es pronuncien de la manera següent: <ul><li>&#160;རྔ /ŋa/, &#160;རྙ /ɲa/, &#160;རྣ /na/, &#160;རྨ /ma/</li> <li>&#160;ལྔ /ŋa/, &#160;ལྨ /ma/</li> <li>&#160;སྔ /ŋa/, &#160;སྙ /ɲa/, &#160;སྣ /na/, &#160;སྨ /ma/</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lletres_al_peu">Lletres al peu</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Lletres al peu"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les lletres que poden anar a la posició de subíndex sota un radical són les consonants ཡ /ja/, ར /ra/, ལ /la/, i ཝ /wa/. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marques_vocals_i_números"><span id="Marques_vocals_i_n.C3.BAmeros"></span>Marques vocals i números</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Marques vocals i números"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les lletres de l'alfabet que representen <a href="/wiki/Vocals" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocals">vocals</a> independents són ཨ /a/, ཨི /i/, ཨུ /u/, ཨེ /e/, i ཨོ /o/. Com que la vocal /a/ és la vocal inherent a qualsevol lletra consonant (o radical), per representar una altra vocal diferent s'utilitzen els diacrítics vocàlics, de la manera següent: ཀ /ka/, ཀི /ki/, ཀུ /ku/, ཀེ /ke/, ཀོ /ko/. Les marques diacrítiques per a la ཨི /i/, ཨེ /e/, i ཨོ /o/ es col·loquen sobre la consonant, i el de la ཨུ /u/ es col·loca sota la consonant.<sup id="cite_ref-daniels_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daniels-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> El tibetà antic incloïa una forma invertida del diacrític de la /i/, el gigu 'invers'; no se'n coneix la funció. En el tibetà escrit no es distingeixen les bvoals breus o llargues, excepte en els <a href="/wiki/Manlleu" title="Manlleu">manlleus</a>,especialment els transcrits del <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">sànscrit</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><small>diacrític<br />vocàlic </small></th> <th>AFI </th> <th><small>diacrític<br />vocàlic </small></th> <th>AFI </th> <th><small>diacrític<br />vocàlic </small></th> <th>AFI </th> <th><small>diacrític<br />vocàlic </small></th> <th>AFI </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ི</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/i/</span></td> <td>ུ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/u/</span></td> <td>ེ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/e/</span></td> <td>ོ</td> <td><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/o/</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Numerals tibetans </th> <td>༠</td> <td>༡</td> <td>༢</td> <td>༣</td> <td>༤</td> <td>༥</td> <td>༦</td> <td>༧</td> <td>༨</td> <td>༩ </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Numerals aràbics </th> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>3</td> <td>4</td> <td>5</td> <td>6</td> <td>7</td> <td>8</td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Numerals tibetans </th> <td>༳</td> <td>༪</td> <td>༫</td> <td>༬</td> <td>༭</td> <td>༮</td> <td>༯</td> <td>༰</td> <td>༱</td> <td>༲ </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Numerals aràbics </th> <td>0,5</td> <td>1,5</td> <td>2,5</td> <td>3,5</td> <td>4,5</td> <td>5,5</td> <td>6,5</td> <td>7,5</td> <td>8,5</td> <td>9,5 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ampliació_de_l'alfabet"><span id="Ampliaci.C3.B3_de_l.27alfabet"></span>Ampliació de l'alfabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Ampliació de l&#039;alfabet"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg/250px-Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="444" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg/374px-Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg/499px-Unknown_Tibetan_Sanskrit_Text.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="4096" /></a><figcaption> Un text en escriptura tibetana, es creu el contingut és <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">sànscrit</a>. De la col·lecció d'artefactes personals de Donald Weir.</figcaption></figure> <p>L'alfabet tibetà, quan s'utilitza per escriure altres llengües com el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">balti</a> o el <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">sànscrit</a>, sovint utilitza lletres addicionals o grafemes modificats de l'alfabet tibetà bàsic per representar sons diferents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alfabet_ampliat">Alfabet ampliat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifica la secció: Alfabet ampliat"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Lletra</th> <th>Usat en</th> <th>Romanitzatió &amp; AFI </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཫ</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">Balti</a></td> <td>qa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/qa/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཬ</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">Balti</a></td> <td>ɽa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɽa/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཁ༹</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">Balti</a></td> <td>xa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/χa/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ག༹</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Balti (encara no existeix)">Balti</a></td> <td>ɣa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʁa/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>གྷ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>gha <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɡʱ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཛྷ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>jha <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɟʱ, d͡ʒʱ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཊ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ṭa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʈ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཋ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ṭha <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʈʰ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཌ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ḍa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɖ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཌྷ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ḍha <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɖʱ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཎ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ṇa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɳ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>དྷ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>dha <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/d̪ʱ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>བྷ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>bha <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/bʱ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཥ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ṣa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʂ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཀྵ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>kṣa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/kʂ/</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Al balti, les consonants ka, ra es representen invertint les lletres ཀ ར(ka, ra) per produir ཫ ཬ (ka, ra).</li> <li>En <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">sànscrit</a>, les "<a href="/wiki/Consonant_retroflexa" title="Consonant retroflexa">consonants retroflexes</a>" ཊ ཋ ཌ ཎ ཥ (ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ṇa, ṣa) es representen invertint les lletres ཏ ཐ ད ན ཤ (ta, tha, da, na, sha) per produir (Ta, Tha, Da, Na, Sa).</li> <li>En sànscrit, és una regla clàssica transliterar ca, cha, ja, jha, en ཙ ཚ ཛ ཛྷ (tsa, tsha, dza, dzha), respectivament. Avui en dia, ཅ ཆ ཇ ཇྷ (ca, cha, ja, jha) també s'utilitzen.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ampliació_dels_diacrítics_vocàlics_i_dels_modificadors"><span id="Ampliaci.C3.B3_dels_diacr.C3.ADtics_voc.C3.A0lics_i_dels_modificadors"></span>Ampliació dels diacrítics vocàlics i dels modificadors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifica la secció: Ampliació dels diacrítics vocàlics i dels modificadors"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Diacrític<br />vocàlic</th> <th>Utilitzat en</th> <th>Romanitzatió &amp; AFI </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཱ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ā <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ā/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཱི</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ī <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ī/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཱུ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ū <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ū/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཻ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ai <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ai/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཽ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>au <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/au/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ྲྀ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ṛ /ṛ/ </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཷ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ṝ <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ṝ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ླྀ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ḷ <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ḷ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཹ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>ḹ <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ḹ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཾ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>aṃ <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ṃ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ྃ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>aṃ <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ṃ/</span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>ཿ</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td>aḥ <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ḥ/</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Symbol/<br />Grafemes</th> <th>Nom</th> <th>Utilitzat en</th> <th>Funció </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>྄</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Virama" title="Virama">srog med</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td><i>indica supressió de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vocal_inherent&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vocal inherent (encara no existeix)">vocal inherent</a></i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>྅</td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avagraha&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Avagraha (encara no existeix)">paluta</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A0nscrit" title="Sànscrit">Sànscrit</a></td> <td><i>allarga el so de la vocal</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Romanització_i_transliteració"><span id="Romanitzaci.C3.B3_i_transliteraci.C3.B3"></span>Romanització i transliteració</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifica la secció: Romanització i transliteració"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La romanització i la transliteració de l'escriptura tibetana és la representació de l'escriptura tibetana en l'<a href="/wiki/Alfabet_llat%C3%AD" title="Alfabet llatí">escriptura llatina</a>. Hi ha diversos sistemes de romanització i transliteració creats els darrers anys, però no representen el so fonètic veritable.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Si bé s'utilitza majoritàriament el sistema de <a href="/wiki/Transliteraci%C3%B3_Wylie" title="Transliteració Wylie">transliteració Wylie</a> per romanitzar <a href="/wiki/Tibet%C3%A0" title="Tibetà">el tibetà estàndard</a>, altres inclouen el Library of Congress system i la transliteració basada en l'AFI (Jacques 2012). </p><p>A continuació, es mostra una taula amb les lletres tibetanes i diferents sistemes de romanització i transliteració per a cada lletra. Els sistemes són: <a href="/wiki/Transliteraci%C3%B3_Wylie" title="Transliteració Wylie">transliteració Wylie</a> (W), pinyina tibetana (TP), fonètica <a href="/wiki/Dzongkha" title="Dzongkha">Dzongkha</a> (FD), romanització ALA-LC (A) <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> i la transcripció fonètica simplificada (THL). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Lletra </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Transliteraci%C3%B3_Wylie" title="Transliteració Wylie">W</a> </th> <th>TP </th> <th>FD </th> <th>A </th> <th>THL </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th>W </th> <th>TP </th> <th>FD </th> <th>A </th> <th>THL </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th>W </th> <th>TP </th> <th>FD </th> <th>A </th> <th>THL </th> <th>Lletra </th> <th>W </th> <th>TP </th> <th>FD </th> <th>A </th> <th>THL </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ཀ </td> <td>ka </td> <td>g </td> <td>ka </td> <td>ka </td> <td>ka </td> <td>ཁ </td> <td>kha </td> <td>k </td> <td>kha </td> <td>kha </td> <td>kha </td> <td>ག </td> <td>ga* </td> <td>k* </td> <td>kha* </td> <td>ga* </td> <td>ga* </td> <td>ང </td> <td>nga </td> <td>ng </td> <td>nga </td> <td>nga </td> <td>nga </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ཅ </td> <td>ca </td> <td>j </td> <td>ca </td> <td>ca </td> <td>cha </td> <td>ཆ </td> <td>cha </td> <td>q </td> <td>cha </td> <td>cha </td> <td>cha </td> <td>ཇ </td> <td>ja* </td> <td>q* </td> <td>cha* </td> <td>ja* </td> <td>ja* </td> <td>ཉ </td> <td>nya </td> <td>ny </td> <td>nya </td> <td>nya </td> <td>nya </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ཏ </td> <td>ta </td> <td>d </td> <td>ta </td> <td>ta </td> <td>ta </td> <td>ཐ </td> <td>tha </td> <td>t </td> <td>tha </td> <td>tha </td> <td>ta </td> <td>ད </td> <td>da* </td> <td>t* </td> <td>tha* </td> <td>da* </td> <td>da* </td> <td>ན </td> <td>na </td> <td>n </td> <td>na </td> <td>na </td> <td>na </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>པ </td> <td>pa </td> <td>b </td> <td>pa </td> <td>pa </td> <td>pa </td> <td>ཕ </td> <td>pha </td> <td>p </td> <td>pha </td> <td>pha </td> <td>pa </td> <td>བ </td> <td>ba* </td> <td>p* </td> <td>pha* </td> <td>ba* </td> <td>ba* </td> <td>མ </td> <td>ma </td> <td>m </td> <td>ma </td> <td>ma </td> <td>ma </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ཙ </td> <td>tsa </td> <td>z </td> <td>tsa </td> <td>tsa </td> <td>tsa </td> <td>ཚ </td> <td>tsha </td> <td>c </td> <td>tsha </td> <td>tsha </td> <td>tsa </td> <td>ཛ </td> <td>dza* </td> <td>c* </td> <td>tsha* </td> <td>dza* </td> <td>dza* </td> <td>ཝ </td> <td>wa </td> <td>w </td> <td>wa </td> <td>wa </td> <td>wa </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ཞ </td> <td>zha* </td> <td>x* </td> <td>sha* </td> <td>zha* </td> <td>zha* </td> <td>ཟ </td> <td>za* </td> <td>s* </td> <td>sa* </td> <td>za* </td> <td>za* </td> <td>འ </td> <td>'a </td> <td>- </td> <td>a </td> <td>'a </td> <td>a </td> <td>ཡ </td> <td>ya </td> <td>y </td> <td>ya </td> <td>ya </td> <td>ya </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ར </td> <td>ra </td> <td>r </td> <td>ra </td> <td>ra </td> <td>ra </td> <td>ལ </td> <td>la </td> <td>l </td> <td>la </td> <td>la </td> <td>la </td> <td>ཤ </td> <td>sha </td> <td>x </td> <td>sha </td> <td>sha </td> <td>sha </td> <td>ས </td> <td>sa </td> <td>s </td> <td>sa </td> <td>sa </td> <td>sa </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ཧ </td> <td>ha </td> <td>h </td> <td>ha </td> <td>ha </td> <td>ha </td> <td>ཨ </td> <td>a </td> <td>a </td> <td>a </td> <td>a </td> <td>a </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="24" style="font-size:88%" align="center">* Només en manlleus </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mètode_d'entrada_i_disposició_del_teclat"><span id="M.C3.A8tode_d.27entrada_i_disposici.C3.B3_del_teclat"></span>Mètode d'entrada i disposició del teclat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifica la secció: Mètode d&#039;entrada i disposició del teclat"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tibetà"><span id="Tibet.C3.A0"></span>Tibetà</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifica la secció: Tibetà"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Tibetan_Keyboard.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tibetan_Keyboard.png/420px-Tibetan_Keyboard.png" decoding="async" width="420" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tibetan_Keyboard.png/630px-Tibetan_Keyboard.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Tibetan_Keyboard.png 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="233" /></a><figcaption> Disposició del teclat <a href="/wiki/Tibet%C3%A0" title="Tibetà">tibetà</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>La primera versió de Microsoft Windows que va permetre l'ús de l'alfabet tibetà en el teclat és MS <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>. <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> en disposa des del setembre del 2007. A <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> 12.04, es pot instal·lar l'ús de l'alfabet tibetà mitjançant Dash / Language Support / Instal·lació / eliminació d'idiomes, el mètode d'introducció es pot activar des de Dash / Keyboard Layout, afegint la disposició del teclat tibetà. La disposició té un disseny similar al de Microsoft Windows. </p><p>Mac OS -X va introduir l'ús de l'Unicode Tibetà amb la versió 10.5 d'OS-X i posteriors, ara amb tres dissenys de teclat disponibles: Tibetà-Wylie, QWERTY Tibetan i Tibetà-Otani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dzongkha">Dzongkha</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifica la secció: Dzongkha"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg/220px-Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg/330px-Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg/440px-Dzongkha_Keyboard_layout_Main.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="423" /></a><figcaption>Disseny del teclat <a href="/wiki/Dzongkha" title="Dzongkha">Dzongkha</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>El esquema de disposició del teclat de Dzongkha està dissenyat com un mitjà senzill per introduir text de <a href="/wiki/Dzongkha" title="Dzongkha">Dzongkha</a> als ordinadors. Aquesta disposició del teclat va ser estandarditzada per la Comissió de Desenvolupament de Dzongkha (DDC) i el Departament de Tecnologia de la Informació (DIT) del Reial Govern de Bhutan l'any 2000. </p><p>Va ser actualitzat el 2009 per adaptar-se a caràcters addicionals afegits als estàndards <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> i ISO 10646 des de la versió inicial. Atès que la distribució de les tecles segueix essencialment l'ordre habitual de l'alfabet dzongkha i tibetà, la disposició es pot aprendre ràpidament per qualsevol que estigui familiaritzat amb aquest alfabet. Les consonants subunides (combinacions) s'introdueixen mitjançant la tecla Maj. </p><p>La disposició del teclat dzongkha (dz) s'inclou en Microsoft Windows, Android i la majoria de distribucions de Linux com una part de <a href="/wiki/XFree86" title="XFree86">XFree86</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifica la secció: Unicode"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El tibetà originalment va ser un dels alfabets de la primera versió de la norma <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> el 1991, al bloc Unicode U + 1000 &#x2013; U + 104F. Tanmateix, el 1993, a la versió 1.1, es va eliminar (els punts de codi que va agafar s'utilitzarien més tard per a l'escriptura birmània a la versió 3.0). K0akfabet tibetà es va tornar a afegir al juliol de 1996 amb el llançament de la versió 2.0. </p><p>El bloc Unicode per al tibetà és U + 0F00 &#x2013; U + 0FFF. Inclou lletres, dígits i diversos signes de puntuació i símbols especials utilitzats en textos religiosos: </p> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"><b>Bloc Unicode per al tibetà</b>[1][2[3]<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0F00.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"></td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F0x </td> <td title="U+0F00: TIBETAN SYLLABLE OM">&#xf00; </td> <td title="U+0F01: TIBETAN MARK GTER YIG MGO TRUNCATED A">&#xf01; </td> <td title="U+0F02: TIBETAN MARK GTER YIG MGO -UM RNAM BCAD MA">&#xf02; </td> <td title="U+0F03: TIBETAN MARK GTER YIG MGO -UM GTER TSHEG MA">&#xf03; </td> <td title="U+0F04: TIBETAN MARK INITIAL YIG MGO MDUN MA">&#xf04; </td> <td title="U+0F05: TIBETAN MARK CLOSING YIG MGO SGAB MA">&#xf05; </td> <td title="U+0F06: TIBETAN MARK CARET YIG MGO PHUR SHAD MA">&#xf06; </td> <td title="U+0F07: TIBETAN MARK YIG MGO TSHEG SHAD MA">&#xf07; </td> <td title="U+0F08: TIBETAN MARK SBRUL SHAD">&#xf08; </td> <td title="U+0F09: TIBETAN MARK BSKUR YIG MGO">&#xf09; </td> <td title="U+0F0A: TIBETAN MARK BKA- SHOG YIG MGO">&#xf0a; </td> <td title="U+0F0B: TIBETAN MARK INTERSYLLABIC TSHEG">&#xf0b; </td> <td title="U+0F0C: TIBETAN MARK DELIMITER TSHEG BSTAR"><span style="display:table-cell; border-collapse:collapse; border: solid 1px #BBBBBB;"> &#xf0c;<br /><span style="font-size:75%;">&#160;NB&#160;</span></span> </td> <td title="U+0F0D: TIBETAN MARK SHAD">&#xf0d; </td> <td title="U+0F0E: TIBETAN MARK NYIS SHAD">&#xf0e; </td> <td title="U+0F0F: TIBETAN MARK TSHEG SHAD">&#xf0f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F1x </td> <td title="U+0F10: TIBETAN MARK NYIS TSHEG SHAD">&#xf10; </td> <td title="U+0F11: TIBETAN MARK RIN CHEN SPUNGS SHAD">&#xf11; </td> <td title="U+0F12: TIBETAN MARK RGYA GRAM SHAD"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BC%92&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="༒ (encara no existeix)">&#xf12;</a> </td> <td title="U+0F13: TIBETAN MARK CARET -DZUD RTAGS ME LONG CAN">&#xf13; </td> <td title="U+0F14: TIBETAN MARK GTER TSHEG">&#xf14; </td> <td title="U+0F15: TIBETAN LOGOTYPE SIGN CHAD RTAGS">&#xf15; </td> <td title="U+0F16: TIBETAN LOGOTYPE SIGN LHAG RTAGS">&#xf16; </td> <td title="U+0F17: TIBETAN ASTROLOGICAL SIGN SGRA GCAN -CHAR RTAGS">&#xf17; </td> <td title="U+0F18: TIBETAN ASTROLOGICAL SIGN -KHYUD PA">&#xf18; </td> <td title="U+0F19: TIBETAN ASTROLOGICAL SIGN SDONG TSHUGS">&#xf19; </td> <td title="U+0F1A: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL DKAR GCIG">&#xf1a; </td> <td title="U+0F1B: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL DKAR GNYIS">&#xf1b; </td> <td title="U+0F1C: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL DKAR GSUM">&#xf1c; </td> <td title="U+0F1D: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL NAG GCIG">&#xf1d; </td> <td title="U+0F1E: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL NAG GNYIS">&#xf1e; </td> <td title="U+0F1F: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL DKAR RDEL NAG">&#xf1f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F2x </td> <td title="U+0F20: TIBETAN DIGIT ZERO">&#xf20; </td> <td title="U+0F21: TIBETAN DIGIT ONE">&#xf21; </td> <td title="U+0F22: TIBETAN DIGIT TWO">&#xf22; </td> <td title="U+0F23: TIBETAN DIGIT THREE">&#xf23; </td> <td title="U+0F24: TIBETAN DIGIT FOUR">&#xf24; </td> <td title="U+0F25: TIBETAN DIGIT FIVE">&#xf25; </td> <td title="U+0F26: TIBETAN DIGIT SIX">&#xf26; </td> <td title="U+0F27: TIBETAN DIGIT SEVEN">&#xf27; </td> <td title="U+0F28: TIBETAN DIGIT EIGHT">&#xf28; </td> <td title="U+0F29: TIBETAN DIGIT NINE">&#xf29; </td> <td title="U+0F2A: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF ONE">&#xf2a; </td> <td title="U+0F2B: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF TWO">&#xf2b; </td> <td title="U+0F2C: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF THREE">&#xf2c; </td> <td title="U+0F2D: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF FOUR">&#xf2d; </td> <td title="U+0F2E: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF FIVE">&#xf2e; </td> <td title="U+0F2F: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF SIX">&#xf2f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F3x </td> <td title="U+0F30: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF SEVEN">&#xf30; </td> <td title="U+0F31: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF EIGHT">&#xf31; </td> <td title="U+0F32: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF NINE">&#xf32; </td> <td title="U+0F33: TIBETAN DIGIT HALF ZERO">&#xf33; </td> <td title="U+0F34: TIBETAN MARK BSDUS RTAGS">&#xf34; </td> <td title="U+0F35: TIBETAN MARK NGAS BZUNG NYI ZLA">&#xf35; </td> <td title="U+0F36: TIBETAN MARK CARET -DZUD RTAGS BZHI MIG CAN">&#xf36; </td> <td title="U+0F37: TIBETAN MARK NGAS BZUNG SGOR RTAGS">&#xf37; </td> <td title="U+0F38: TIBETAN MARK CHE MGO">&#xf38; </td> <td title="U+0F39: TIBETAN MARK TSA -PHRU">&#xf39; </td> <td title="U+0F3A: TIBETAN MARK GUG RTAGS GYON">&#xf3a; </td> <td title="U+0F3B: TIBETAN MARK GUG RTAGS GYAS">&#xf3b; </td> <td title="U+0F3C: TIBETAN MARK ANG KHANG GYON">&#xf3c; </td> <td title="U+0F3D: TIBETAN MARK ANG KHANG GYAS">&#xf3d; </td> <td title="U+0F3E: TIBETAN SIGN YAR TSHES">&#xf3e; </td> <td title="U+0F3F: TIBETAN SIGN MAR TSHES">&#xf3f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F4x </td> <td title="U+0F40: TIBETAN LETTER KA">&#xf40; </td> <td title="U+0F41: TIBETAN LETTER KHA">&#xf41; </td> <td title="U+0F42: TIBETAN LETTER GA">&#xf42; </td> <td title="U+0F43: TIBETAN LETTER GHA">གྷ </td> <td title="U+0F44: TIBETAN LETTER NGA">&#xf44; </td> <td title="U+0F45: TIBETAN LETTER CA">&#xf45; </td> <td title="U+0F46: TIBETAN LETTER CHA">&#xf46; </td> <td title="U+0F47: TIBETAN LETTER JA">&#xf47; </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+0F49: TIBETAN LETTER NYA">&#xf49; </td> <td title="U+0F4A: TIBETAN LETTER TTA">&#xf4a; </td> <td title="U+0F4B: TIBETAN LETTER TTHA">&#xf4b; </td> <td title="U+0F4C: TIBETAN LETTER DDA">&#xf4c; </td> <td title="U+0F4D: TIBETAN LETTER DDHA">ཌྷ </td> <td title="U+0F4E: TIBETAN LETTER NNA">&#xf4e; </td> <td title="U+0F4F: TIBETAN LETTER TA">&#xf4f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F5x </td> <td title="U+0F50: TIBETAN LETTER THA">&#xf50; </td> <td title="U+0F51: TIBETAN LETTER DA">&#xf51; </td> <td title="U+0F52: TIBETAN LETTER DHA">དྷ </td> <td title="U+0F53: TIBETAN LETTER NA">&#xf53; </td> <td title="U+0F54: TIBETAN LETTER PA">&#xf54; </td> <td title="U+0F55: TIBETAN LETTER PHA">&#xf55; </td> <td title="U+0F56: TIBETAN LETTER BA">&#xf56; </td> <td title="U+0F57: TIBETAN LETTER BHA">བྷ </td> <td title="U+0F58: TIBETAN LETTER MA">&#xf58; </td> <td title="U+0F59: TIBETAN LETTER TSA">&#xf59; </td> <td title="U+0F5A: TIBETAN LETTER TSHA">&#xf5a; </td> <td title="U+0F5B: TIBETAN LETTER DZA">&#xf5b; </td> <td title="U+0F5C: TIBETAN LETTER DZHA">ཛྷ </td> <td title="U+0F5D: TIBETAN LETTER WA">&#xf5d; </td> <td title="U+0F5E: TIBETAN LETTER ZHA">&#xf5e; </td> <td title="U+0F5F: TIBETAN LETTER ZA">&#xf5f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F6x </td> <td title="U+0F60: TIBETAN LETTER -A">&#xf60; </td> <td title="U+0F61: TIBETAN LETTER YA">&#xf61; </td> <td title="U+0F62: TIBETAN LETTER RA">&#xf62; </td> <td title="U+0F63: TIBETAN LETTER LA">&#xf63; </td> <td title="U+0F64: TIBETAN LETTER SHA">&#xf64; </td> <td title="U+0F65: TIBETAN LETTER SSA">&#xf65; </td> <td title="U+0F66: TIBETAN LETTER SA">&#xf66; </td> <td title="U+0F67: TIBETAN LETTER HA">&#xf67; </td> <td title="U+0F68: TIBETAN LETTER A">&#xf68; </td> <td title="U+0F69: TIBETAN LETTER KSSA">ཀྵ </td> <td title="U+0F6A: TIBETAN LETTER FIXED-FORM RA">&#xf6a; </td> <td title="U+0F6B: TIBETAN LETTER KKA">&#xf6b; </td> <td title="U+0F6C: TIBETAN LETTER RRA">&#xf6c; </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F7x </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+0F71: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN AA">&#xf71; </td> <td title="U+0F72: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN I">&#xf72; </td> <td title="U+0F73: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN II">ཱི </td> <td title="U+0F74: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN U">&#xf74; </td> <td title="U+0F75: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN UU">ཱུ </td> <td title="U+0F76: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC R">ྲྀ </td> <td title="U+0F77: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC RR">&#xf77; </td> <td title="U+0F78: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC L">ླྀ </td> <td title="U+0F79: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN VOCALIC LL">&#xf79; </td> <td title="U+0F7A: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN E">&#xf7a; </td> <td title="U+0F7B: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN EE">&#xf7b; </td> <td title="U+0F7C: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN O">&#xf7c; </td> <td title="U+0F7D: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN OO">&#xf7d; </td> <td title="U+0F7E: TIBETAN SIGN RJES SU NGA RO">&#xf7e; </td> <td title="U+0F7F: TIBETAN SIGN RNAM BCAD">&#xf7f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F8x </td> <td title="U+0F80: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN REVERSED I">&#xf80; </td> <td title="U+0F81: TIBETAN VOWEL SIGN REVERSED II">ཱྀ </td> <td title="U+0F82: TIBETAN SIGN NYI ZLA NAA DA">&#xf82; </td> <td title="U+0F83: TIBETAN SIGN SNA LDAN">&#xf83; </td> <td title="U+0F84: TIBETAN MARK HALANTA">&#xf84; </td> <td title="U+0F85: TIBETAN MARK PALUTA">&#xf85; </td> <td title="U+0F86: TIBETAN SIGN LCI RTAGS">&#xf86; </td> <td title="U+0F87: TIBETAN SIGN YANG RTAGS">&#xf87; </td> <td title="U+0F88: TIBETAN SIGN LCE TSA CAN">&#xf88; </td> <td title="U+0F89: TIBETAN SIGN MCHU CAN">&#xf89; </td> <td title="U+0F8A: TIBETAN SIGN GRU CAN RGYINGS">&#xf8a; </td> <td title="U+0F8B: TIBETAN SIGN GRU MED RGYINGS">&#xf8b; </td> <td title="U+0F8C: TIBETAN SIGN INVERTED MCHU CAN">&#xf8c; </td> <td title="U+0F8D: TIBETAN SUBJOINED SIGN LCE TSA CAN">&#xf8d; </td> <td title="U+0F8E: TIBETAN SUBJOINED SIGN MCHU CAN">&#xf8e; </td> <td title="U+0F8F: TIBETAN SUBJOINED SIGN INVERTED MCHU CAN">&#xf8f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0F9x </td> <td title="U+0F90: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER KA">&#xf90; </td> <td title="U+0F91: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER KHA">&#xf91; </td> <td title="U+0F92: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER GA">&#xf92; </td> <td title="U+0F93: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER GHA">ྒྷ </td> <td title="U+0F94: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER NGA">&#xf94; </td> <td title="U+0F95: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER CA">&#xf95; </td> <td title="U+0F96: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER CHA">&#xf96; </td> <td title="U+0F97: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER JA">&#xf97; </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+0F99: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER NYA">&#xf99; </td> <td title="U+0F9A: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER TTA">&#xf9a; </td> <td title="U+0F9B: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER TTHA">&#xf9b; </td> <td title="U+0F9C: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER DDA">&#xf9c; </td> <td title="U+0F9D: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER DDHA">ྜྷ </td> <td title="U+0F9E: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER NNA">&#xf9e; </td> <td title="U+0F9F: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER TA">&#xf9f; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0FAx </td> <td title="U+0FA0: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER THA">&#xfa0; </td> <td title="U+0FA1: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER DA">&#xfa1; </td> <td title="U+0FA2: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER DHA">ྡྷ </td> <td title="U+0FA3: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER NA">&#xfa3; </td> <td title="U+0FA4: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER PA">&#xfa4; </td> <td title="U+0FA5: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER PHA">&#xfa5; </td> <td title="U+0FA6: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER BA">&#xfa6; </td> <td title="U+0FA7: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER BHA">ྦྷ </td> <td title="U+0FA8: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER MA">&#xfa8; </td> <td title="U+0FA9: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER TSA">&#xfa9; </td> <td title="U+0FAA: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER TSHA">&#xfaa; </td> <td title="U+0FAB: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER DZA">&#xfab; </td> <td title="U+0FAC: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER DZHA">ྫྷ </td> <td title="U+0FAD: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER WA">&#xfad; </td> <td title="U+0FAE: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER ZHA">&#xfae; </td> <td title="U+0FAF: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER ZA">&#xfaf; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0FBx </td> <td title="U+0FB0: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER -A">&#xfb0; </td> <td title="U+0FB1: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER YA">&#xfb1; </td> <td title="U+0FB2: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER RA">&#xfb2; </td> <td title="U+0FB3: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER LA">&#xfb3; </td> <td title="U+0FB4: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER SHA">&#xfb4; </td> <td title="U+0FB5: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER SSA">&#xfb5; </td> <td title="U+0FB6: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER SA">&#xfb6; </td> <td title="U+0FB7: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER HA">&#xfb7; </td> <td title="U+0FB8: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER A">&#xfb8; </td> <td title="U+0FB9: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER KSSA">ྐྵ </td> <td title="U+0FBA: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER FIXED-FORM WA">&#xfba; </td> <td title="U+0FBB: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER FIXED-FORM YA">&#xfbb; </td> <td title="U+0FBC: TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER FIXED-FORM RA">&#xfbc; </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+0FBE: TIBETAN KU RU KHA">&#xfbe; </td> <td title="U+0FBF: TIBETAN KU RU KHA BZHI MIG CAN">&#xfbf; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0FCx </td> <td title="U+0FC0: TIBETAN CANTILLATION SIGN HEAVY BEAT">&#xfc0; </td> <td title="U+0FC1: TIBETAN CANTILLATION SIGN LIGHT BEAT">&#xfc1; </td> <td title="U+0FC2: TIBETAN CANTILLATION SIGN CANG TE-U">&#xfc2; </td> <td title="U+0FC3: TIBETAN CANTILLATION SIGN SBUB -CHAL">&#xfc3; </td> <td title="U+0FC4: TIBETAN SYMBOL DRIL BU">&#xfc4; </td> <td title="U+0FC5: TIBETAN SYMBOL RDO RJE">&#xfc5; </td> <td title="U+0FC6: TIBETAN SYMBOL PADMA GDAN">&#xfc6; </td> <td title="U+0FC7: TIBETAN SYMBOL RDO RJE RGYA GRAM">&#xfc7; </td> <td title="U+0FC8: TIBETAN SYMBOL PHUR PA">&#xfc8; </td> <td title="U+0FC9: TIBETAN SYMBOL NOR BU">&#xfc9; </td> <td title="U+0FCA: TIBETAN SYMBOL NOR BU NYIS -KHYIL">&#xfca; </td> <td title="U+0FCB: TIBETAN SYMBOL NOR BU GSUM -KHYIL">&#xfcb; </td> <td title="U+0FCC: TIBETAN SYMBOL NOR BU BZHI -KHYIL">&#xfcc; </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+0FCE: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL NAG RDEL DKAR">&#xfce; </td> <td title="U+0FCF: TIBETAN SIGN RDEL NAG GSUM">&#xfcf; </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0FDx </td> <td title="U+0FD0: TIBETAN MARK BSKA- SHOG GI MGO RGYAN (alias TIBETAN MARK BKA- SHOG GI MGO RGYAN)">&#xfd0; </td> <td title="U+0FD1: TIBETAN MARK MNYAM YIG GI MGO RGYAN">&#xfd1; </td> <td title="U+0FD2: TIBETAN MARK NYIS TSHEG">&#xfd2; </td> <td title="U+0FD3: TIBETAN MARK INITIAL BRDA RNYING YIG MGO MDUN MA">&#xfd3; </td> <td title="U+0FD4: TIBETAN MARK CLOSING BRDA RNYING YIG MGO SGAB MA">&#xfd4; </td> <td title="U+0FD5: RIGHT-FACING SVASTI SIGN">&#xfd5; </td> <td title="U+0FD6: LEFT-FACING SVASTI SIGN">&#xfd6; </td> <td title="U+0FD7: RIGHT-FACING SVASTI SIGN WITH DOTS">&#xfd7; </td> <td title="U+0FD8: LEFT-FACING SVASTI SIGN WITH DOTS">&#xfd8; </td> <td title="U+0FD9: TIBETAN MARK LEADING MCHAN RTAGS">&#xfd9; </td> <td title="U+0FDA: TIBETAN MARK TRAILING MCHAN RTAGS">&#xfda; </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0FEx </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+0FFx </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Notes</b> <dl><dd>1. Versió Unicode 12.0</dd> <dd>2. Les caselles grises indiquen posicions de codis no assignats</dd> <dd>3. Els punts de l'Unicode U+0F77 and U+0F79 s'han menystingut en l'Unicode 5.2 i posteriors</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències_i_notes"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies_i_notes"></span>Referències i notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifica la secció: Referències i notes"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist &#123;&#123;#if: &#124; references-column-count references-column-count-&#123;&#123;&#123;col&#125;&#125;&#125;" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chamberlain 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-daniels-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-daniels_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-daniels_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-daniels_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-daniels_2-3">2,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-daniels_2-4">2,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniels, Peter T. and William Bright. <i>The World's Writing Systems</i>. Nova York: Oxford University Press, 1996.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Estudis recents indiquen que l'alfabet tiberà es basa en una adaptació del <a href="/wiki/Regne_de_Khotan" title="Regne de Khotan">regne de Khotan</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Escriptura_Brahmi" title="Escriptura Brahmi">alfabet brahmi</a> i del <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_gupta" title="Alfabet gupta">gupta</a> que Thonmi Sambhota va aprendre al <a href="/wiki/Caixmir" title="Caixmir">Caixmir</a> (Berzin, Alexander. <i>A Survey of Tibetan History - Reading Notes Taken by Alexander Berzin from Tsepon, W. D. Shakabpa, Tibet: A Political History. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1967: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://studybuddhism.com/web/en/archives/e-books/unpublished_manuscripts/survey_tibetan_history/chapter_1.html">http://studybuddhism.com/web/en/archives/e-books/unpublished_manuscripts/survey_tibetan_history/chapter_1.html</a>).</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vegeu per exemple <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.eki.ee/wgrs/rom1_bo.pdf">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.eki.ee/wgrs/rom2_dz.pdf">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">[<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/tibetan.pdf">https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/tibetan.pdf</a> ALA-LC Romanization of Tibetan script (PDF)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_tibet%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Asher, R. E. ed. <i>The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics</i>. Tarrytown, NY: Pergamon Press, 1994. 10 vol.</li> <li>Beyer, Stephan V. (1993). <i>The Classical Tibetan Language</i>. Reprinted by Delhi: Sri Satguru.</li> <li>Chamberlain, Bradford Lynn. 2008. Script Selection for Tibetan-related Languages in Multiscriptal Environments. <i>International Journal of the Sociology of Language</i> 192:117–132.</li> <li>Csoma de Kőrös, Alexander. (1983). <i>A Grammar of the Tibetan Language</i>. Reprinted by Delhi: Sri Satguru.</li> <li>Csoma de Kőrös, Alexander (1980–1982). <i>Sanskrit-Tibetan-English Vocabulary</i>. 2 vols. Reprinted by Delhi: Sri Satguru.</li> <li>Daniels, Peter T. and William Bright. <i>The World's Writing Systems</i>. Nova York: Oxford University Press, 1996.</li> <li>Das, Sarat Chandra: "The Sacred and Ornamental Characters of Tibet". <i>Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal</i>, vol. 57 (1888), pp.&#160;41–48 and 9 plates.</li> <li>Das, Sarat Chandra. (1996). <i>An Introduction to the Grammar of the Tibetan Language</i>. Reprinted by Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.</li> <li>Jacques, Guillaume 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/2322359/A_new_transcription_system_for_Old_and_Classical_Tibetan">A new transcription system for Old and Classical Tibetan</a>, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, 35.3:89-96.</li> <li>Jäschke, Heinrich August. (1989). <i>Tibetan Grammar</i>. Corrected by Sunil Gupta. 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