EFOSC | ESO Polska

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class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-6" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/xbarcons/"> Prof. Xavier Barcons </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/tdezeeuw/"> Prof. T. de Zeeuw </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/ccesarsk/"> Dr. C. Cesarsky </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/rgiacconi/"> Prof. R. Giacconi </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/hvanderlaan/"> Prof. H. van der Laan </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/lwoltjer/"> Prof. L. Woltjer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/ablaauw/"> Prof. A. Blaauw </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dg-office/otto-heckmann/"> Prof. O. Heckmann </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/committees.html"> Władze ESO </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/"> Kraje Członkowskie <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-16" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/austrianinvolvement/"> Austria </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/belgianinvolvement/"> Belgia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/czechinvolvement/"> Czechy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/danishinvolvement/"> Dania </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/finnishinvolvement/"> Finlandia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/frenchinvolvement/"> Francja </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/germaninvolvement/"> Niemcy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/irishinvolvement/"> Irlandia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/italianinvolvement/"> Włochy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/dutchinvolvement/"> Holandia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/polishinvolvement/"> Polska </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/portugueseinvolvement/"> Portugalia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/spanishinvolvement/"> Hiszpania </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/swedishinvolvement/"> Szwecja </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/swissinvolvement/"> Szwajcaria </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/memberstates/britishinvolvement/"> Wielka Brytania </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/"> Dojazd i kontakt <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-33" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/garching/"> Dojazd do siedziby ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/vitacura/"> Dojazd do Vitacura Office </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/guesthouse/"> Dojazd do hotelu ESO w Santiago </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/lasilla/"> Dojazd do La Silla </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/laserena/"> Dojazd do La Serena </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/paranal/"> Dojazd do Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/antofagasta/"> Dojazd do Antofagasty </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/apexsequitor/"> Dojazd do APEX/Sequitor </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/chajnantor/"> Dojazd do Chajnantor </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/travel/elt/"> Dojazd do ELT Armazones </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/"> Odwiedź obserwatoria ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-44" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/paranal/"> Weekendowe wizyty w Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/lasilla/"> Weekendowe wizyty w La Silla </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/visitors/alma/"> Publiczne zwiedzanie ALMA OSF </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/pressmedia/mediavisits/"> Wizyty dziennikarzy </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/societal-benefits/"> ESO and Society </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/eso-and-chile/"> ESO i Chile <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-50" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/eso-and-chile/representation-office-chile/"> ESO Representation Office in Chile </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/architecture/"> Architektura w ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/collaborations/"> Współpraca z ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/acronyms/"> Akronimy ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/timeline/"> Oś czasu </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/green/"> Zielone ESO </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/"> Częste pytania (FAQ) <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-57" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-eso/"> ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-vlt-paranal/"> VLT/Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-apex-alma/"> APEX/ALMA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-survey-telescopes/"> Teleskopy do przeglądów </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://elt.eso.org/about/faq/"> ELT </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/privileges_and_immunities/"> Przywileje i immunitety </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/faq/faq-eso-australia/"> ESO i Australia </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/dark-skies-preservation/"> Ochrona ciemnego nieba </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/privacy/"> Terms and Conditions </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/">Zdjęcia<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-67" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/search/"> Zaawansowane wyszukiwanie </a></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> Kategorie <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-69" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/360pano/ "> Panorama 360 stopni </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/alma/"> ALMA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/apex/"> APEX </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/chile/"> Chile </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/cosmology/"> Kosmologia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/elt/"> ELT </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/eso-supernova/"> ESO Supernova </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/exoplanets/"> Egzoplanety </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/fulldome/"> Dla planetariów </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/galaxies/"> Galaktyki </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/galaxyclusters/"> Gromady galaktyk </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/illustrations/"> Ilustracje </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/lasilla/"> La Silla </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/nebulae/"> Mgławice </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/paranal/"> Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/peopleandevents/"> Ludzie i wydarzenia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/premises/"> Budynki </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/blackholes/"> Kwazary i czarne dziury </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/solarsystem/"> Układ Słoneczny </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/starclusters/"> Gromady galaktyk </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/stars/"> Gwiazdy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/category/surveytelescopes/"> Teleskopy do przeglądów </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/comparisons/"> Porównanie zdjęć </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/imageformats/"> Formaty zdjęć </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/"> Zdjęcie tygodnia <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-94" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2022/"> 2022 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2021/"> 2021 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2020/"> 2020 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2019/"> 2019 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2018/"> 2018 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2017/"> 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2016/"> 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2015/"> 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2014/"> 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2013/"> 2013 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2012/"> 2012 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2011/"> 2011 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2010/"> 2010 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2009/"> 2009 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2008/"> 2008 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/potw/archive/year/2007/"> 2007 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/top100/"> Top 100 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-111" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://cdn.eso.org/images/top100-large.zip"> Large JPG Zip File (3.5 GB) </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://cdn.eso.org/images/top100-original.zip"> Original TIF Zip File (50 GB) </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/copyright/"> Warunki używania zdjęć i filmów ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/wallpapers/"> Tapety </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/zoomable/"> Powiększenie </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/">Filmy<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-117" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/search/"> Zaawansowane wyszukiwanie </a></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> Kategorie <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-119" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/abouteso/"> Informacje o ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/alma/"> ALMA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/apex/"> APEX </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/compilations/"> Kompilacje </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/cosmology/"> Kosmologia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/elt/"> ELT </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/"> ESOcast </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/events/"> Wydarzenia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/exoplanets/"> Egzoplanety </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/featuremovies/"> Filmy fabularne </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/fulldome/"> Dla planetariów </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/galaxies/"> Galaktyki </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/galaxyclusters/"> Gromady galaktyk </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/lasilla/"> La Silla </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/nebulae/"> Mgławice </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/paranal/"> Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/premises/"> Budynki </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/blackholes/"> Kwazary i czarne dziury </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/solarsystem/"> Układ Słoneczny </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/starclusters/"> Gromady galaktyk </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/stars/"> Gwiazdy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/vnr/"> Komunikaty wideo </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/copyright/"> Użycie zdjęć i filmów ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/videoformats/"> Formaty wideo </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/">Wiadomości<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-144" class="submenu-aim"> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/"> Komunikaty prasowe <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-145" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 2021-2030 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-146" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2022/"> 2022 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2021/"> 2021 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 2011–2020 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-149" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2020/"> 2020 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2019/"> 2019 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2018/"> 2018 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2017/"> 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2016/"> 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2015/"> 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2014/"> 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2013/"> 2013 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2012/"> 2012 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2011/"> 2011 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 2001–2010 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-160" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2010/"> 2010 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2009/"> 2009 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2008/"> 2008 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2007/"> 2007 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2006/"> 2006 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2005/"> 2005 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2004/"> 2004 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2003/"> 2003 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2002/"> 2002 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2001/"> 2001 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 1991–2000 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-171" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/2000/"> 2000 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1999/"> 1999 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1998/"> 1998 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1997/"> 1997 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1996/"> 1996 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1995/"> 1995 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1994/"> 1994 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1993/"> 1993 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1992/"> 1992 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1991/"> 1991 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a class="no-link children" href="#"> 1985–1990 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-182" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1990/"> 1990 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1989/"> 1989 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1988/"> 1988 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1987/"> 1987 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1986/"> 1986 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/year/1985/"> 1985 </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/"> Ogłoszenia <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-189" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2022/"> 2022 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2021/"> 2021 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2020/"> 2020 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2019/"> 2019 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2018/"> 2018 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2017/"> 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2016/"> 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2015/"> 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2014/"> 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2013/"> 2013 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2012/"> 2012 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2011/"> 2011 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2010/"> 2010 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/archive/year/2009/"> 2009 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/starsateso/"> Stars@ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/webupdates/"> Nowości na eso.org </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/pressmedia/"> Dział prasowy <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-206" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/broadcast/"> Dla radia i telewizji </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/pressmedia/mediavisits/"> Wizyty dziennikarzy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/copyright/"> Copyright </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/newsletters/"> Newslettery ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-210" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/newsletters/esonews/"> Wiadomości ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/newsletters/outreach/"> ESO Outreach Community Newsletter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/sci/publications/newsletter/"> ESO Science Newsletter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/newsletters/#2"> ESO Media Newsletter </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/presscoverage/"> Media o ESO </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shop/">ESOshop<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-216" class="submenu-aim"> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shop/category/"> Produkty w sklepie <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-217" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shop/category/annualreport/"> Roczne 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href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shopinfo/bulk_orders/"> Zamówienia hurtowe </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shopinfo/"> Etapy zamówienia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shopinfo/payment/"> Płatność </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shopinfo/shipping/"> Wysyłka </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shopinfo/shopstaff/"> Pracownicy sklepu </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shopinfo/terms/"> Warunki </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/shop/freeorder/"> Darmowe zamówienia dla nauczycieli i mediów </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="current"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/">Teleskopy i instrumenty<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1 current"> <ul id="submenu-aim-249" class="submenu-aim selected current"> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/"> Obserwatorium Paranal <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-250" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/"> Very Large Telescope (VLT) <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-251" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/"> Instrumenty VLT <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-252" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/4lgsf/"> 4LGSF </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/crires/"> CRIRES </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/crires+/"> CRIRES+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/espresso/"> ESPRESSO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/eris/"> ERIS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/flames/"> FLAMES </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/fors/"> FORS1 i FORS2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/hawk-i/"> HAWK-I </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/isaac/"> ISAAC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/kmos/"> KMOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/mad/"> MAD </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/moons/"> MOONS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/muse/"> MUSE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/naco/"> NACO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sinfoni/"> SINFONI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sphere/"> SPHERE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/uves/"> UVES </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/vimos/"> VIMOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/visir/"> VISIR </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/x-shooter/"> X-shooter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/vtl-test-cameras/"> VLT Test Cameras </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/"> Nazwy teleskopów VLT <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-274" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/antu/"> Antu </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/kueyen/"> Kueyen </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/melipal/"> Melipal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-names/yepun/"> Yepun </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlti/"> VLT Interferometer <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-279" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/gravity/"> GRAVITY </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/matisse/"> MATISSE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/naomi/"> NAOMI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/pionier/"> PIONIER </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/amber/"> AMBER </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/midi/"> MIDI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/vinci/"> VINCI </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/auxiliarytelescopes/"> Teleskopy Pomocnicze </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/"> Teleskopy do przeglądów <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-288" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/"> VISTA <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-289" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/mirror/"> Zwierciadło VISTA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/camera/"> VIRCAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/4most/"> 4MOST </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/surveys/"> Przeglądy VISTA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vista/consortium/"> Konsorcjum VISTA </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/"> VST <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-295" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/mirror/"> Zwierciadła VST </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/camera/"> OmegaCAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/surveytelescopes/vst/surveys/"> Przeglądy VST </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/speculoos/"> SPECULOOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/ngts/"> NGTS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/cta/"> Cherenkov Telescope Array </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu current"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/"> Obserwatorium La Silla <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-302" class="submenu-aim sublevel selected current"><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swedish/"> Swedish–ESO Submillimetre Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-303" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swedish/simba/"> SIMBA </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/"> New Technology Telescope (NTT) <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-305" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/efosc2/"> EFOSC2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/emmi/"> EMMI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/irspec/"> IRSPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/sofi/"> SOFI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/soxs/"> SOXS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/susi2/"> SUSI i SUSI2 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu current"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/"> 3,6-metrowy teleskop ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-312" class="submenu-aim sublevel selected current current-leaf"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/adonis/"> ADONIS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/caspec/"> CASPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/irspec/"> IRSPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/harps/"> HARPS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/mefos/"> MEFOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/nirps/"> NIRPS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/optopus/"> OPTOPUS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/timmi2/"> TIMMI/2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/36-infrared-photometer-spectrophotometer/"> Infrared Photometer/Spectrophotometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/36-standard-photometer/"> Standard Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/infrared-specklegraph/"> Infrared Specklegraph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/infrared-speckle-interferometer/"> Infrared Speckle Interferometer </a></li><li class=" current current-leaf"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/efosc/"> EFOSC </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/"> 2,2-metrowy teleskop MPG/ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-326" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/feros/"> FEROS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/grond/"> GROND </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/irac2/"> IRAC & IRAC2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/pisco/"> PISCO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/wfi/"> WFI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mpg22/infrared-photometer-spectrophotometer/"> Infrared Photometer/Spectrophotometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss/"> Swiss 1.2-metre Leonhard Euler Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-333" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss/coralie/"> CORALIE </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/rem/"> Teleskop Rapid Eye Mount </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/trappist/"> TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope–South </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/"> Duński teleskop 1,54-metrowy <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-337" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/coravel/"> CORAVEL </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/dfosc/"> DFOSC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/ccd/"> CCD camera </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/hb-photometer/"> Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/two-channel-photometer/"> Two-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/four-channel-photometer/"> Four-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/six-channel-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby-Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/tarot/"> Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires (TAROT) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1mschmidt/"> 1-metrowy teleskop Schmidta ESO </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/"> 1,52-metrowy teleskop ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-347" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/bandc/"> Boller and Chivens Spectrograph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/coude/"> Coudé Spectrograph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/echelec/"> ECHELEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/rv-cass-spectrograph/"> RV Cass Spectrograph </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/"> 1-metrowy teleskop ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-352" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/fideos/"> FIDEOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/infrared-photometer/"> Infrared Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/single-channel-photometer/"> Single-Channel Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/"> 0,5-metrowy teleskop ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-356" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/single-channel-photometer/"> Single-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/double-channel-photometer/"> Double-Channel Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/"> Coudé Auxiliary Telescope <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-359" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/ces/"> CES </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marly/"> 1-metrowy teleskop MarLy </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/"> 0,8-metrowy teleskop duński <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-362" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/walraven/"> Walraven Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/t70/"> Szwajcarski tepeskop T70 </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/"> 0,61-metrowy teleskop Bochum <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-365" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-scanner/"> Bochum Scanner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-photometer/"> Bochum Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/"> Duński teleskop 0,5-metrowy <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-368" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-two-channel-hb-photometer/"> Two-Channel Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-four-channel-uvby-photometer/"> Four-Channel uvby Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-six-channel-uvby-hb-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby–Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/gpo/"> Teleskop Grand Prisme Objectif </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swiss04/"> Szwajcarski teleskop 0,4-metrowy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marseille/"> 0,36 metrowy teleskop Marseille </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/grb/"> GRB Monitoring System </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/mascara/"> MASCARA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/blackgem/"> BlackGEM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/extra/"> ExTrA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/test-bed/"> Test-Bed Telescope </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/"> APEX <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-380" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/apex-2a/"> APEX–2A </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/artemis/"> ArTéMiS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/aszca/"> ASZCa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/champ-plus/"> CHAMP+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/concerto/"> CONCERTO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/flash/"> FLASH </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/flash-plus/"> FLASH+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/laboca/"> LABOCA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/mpi_11thz/"> MPI_1.1THz </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/p-artemis/"> P-ArTéMiS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/pi230/"> PI230 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/polka/"> PolKa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/saboca/"> SABOCA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/sepia/"> SEPIA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/apex/shefi/"> SHeFI </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/"> ALMA <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-396" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/antennas/"> Anteny </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/transporters/"> Transportery </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/interferometry/"> Interferometria </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/receiver-bands/"> Pasma odbiorników </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/alma/residencia/"> ALMA Residencia </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/elt/"> ELT </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/"> Technologia dla teleskopów <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-403" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/active_optics/"> Optyka aktywna </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/adaptive_optics/"> Optyka adaptacyjna </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/ifu/"> Integral Field Units </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/interferometry/"> Interferometria </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/spectroscopy/"> Spektroskopia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/technology/polarimetry/"> Polarimetry </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/instruments/"> Instrumenty </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/">Odkrycia<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-411" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/top10/"> Top 10 astronomicznych odkryć ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/exoplanets/"> Egzoplanety </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/gravitationalwaves/"> Źródła fal grawitacyjnych </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/gc/"> Czarna dziura i centrum Galaktyki </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/grb/"> Rozbłyski gamma </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/science/archive/"> Archiwum naukowe </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/">Wydarzenia<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-418" class="submenu-aim"> <li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/press-evt/"> Wydarzenia prasowe </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/"> Wydarzenia specjalne <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-420" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann18065/"> Open House Day 2018 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse17/"> Open House Day 2017 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann16071/"> Open House Day 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/announcements/?search=%23MeetESO"> #MeetESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse15/"> Long Night of Science 2015 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2014/"> ASTRONET 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse14/"> Open House Day 2014 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/eeltblast/"> ELT Groundbreaking </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/cafe-and-kosmos/"> Café & Kosmos w Monachium </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse13/"> Open House Day 2013 </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/"> ASTRONET 2013 <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-431" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/dates/"> Ważne daty </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/registration/"> Rejestracja i opłaty </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/abstracts/"> Wyślij abstrakt </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/venue/"> Miejsce warsztatów </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/practical_information/"> Praktyczne informacje </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/accommodation/"> Zakwaterowanie </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/organisers_partners/"> Organizatorzy i partnerzy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/contact/"> Kontakt </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/schedule/"> Program </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/astronet2013/participants/"> Uczestnicy </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/"> 50 lat ESO <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-442" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/message/"> Komunikaty od Dyrektora Generalnego </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/50highlights50years/"> Fifty Highlights </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/competitions/"> Konkursy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/twitter/"> Twitter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/webcast/"> Webcast </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/"> Europe to the Stars <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-448" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/news/"> Wiadomości </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/movie/"> Filmy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/book/"> Książki </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/reviews/"> Recenzje </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/bios/"> Biografie </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/offers/"> Oferty zakupu </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/press/"> Dla prasy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years/europetothestars/contact/"> Kontakt </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/50years-in-chile/"> 50 years of ESO in Chile </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/awesome-universe/"> Awesome Universe <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-458" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/awesome-universe/venues/"> Lista wystaw </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/awesome-universe/organisers/"> Dla wystawców </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/100ha/"> 100 godzin astronomii </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/theeye/"> The Eye 3D </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/imax-hidden-universe/"> Film IMAX® 3D Hidden Universe </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse11/"> Open House Day 2011 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse09/"> Open House Day 2009 (German) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/bond/"> Bond at Paranal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/openhouse/"> Open House Day 2006 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/special-evt/eso40years/"> 40 lat ESO (1962-2002) </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/exhibitions/"> Wystawy <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-469" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/exhibitions/perma_exhibitions/"> Stałe wystawy ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://www.esof.eu/"> EuroScience Open Forum (ESOF) </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://eas.unige.ch/EWASS2016/"> EWASS 2016 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://aas.org/meetings/aas227"> AAS Winter 2016 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/"> Wydarzenia astronomiczne <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-474" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/solareclipse2019/"> Total Solar Eclipse 2019 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/mcnaught2007/"> The Comet McNaught 2007 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/deepimpact/"> Deep Impact - 04.07.2005 </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://www.vt-2004.org/"> The Venus Transit - 08.11.2004 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/leonids99/"> The Leonids - 17.11.1999 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/eclipse99/"> Solar Eclipse at ESO HQ - 11.08.1999 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/leonids98/"> The Leonids - 11.1998 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/pathfinder/"> Mars Pathfinder - 1997 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/hyakutake/"> Comet Hyakutake - 1997 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/sl9/"> SL-9 and Jupiter - 1994 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/astro-evt/hale-bopp/"> Comet Hale Bopp - 1994 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/events/seminars/"> Seminaria nt. popularyzacji astronomii </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/">Popularyzacja<span class="fa fa-angle-down level0-children-arrows"></span></a> <span class="mobile-children"> <span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span> </span> <div class="level1-wrapper"> <div class="level1"> <ul id="submenu-aim-487" class="submenu-aim"> <li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/"> Edukacja <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-488" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/products/education/"> Materiały edukacyjne </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://www.scienceinschool.org/" target="_blank"> Science in School </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/teacherschools/"> Szkoły dla nauczycieli </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/prev-programmes/"> Poprzednie programy <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-492" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/prev-programmes/catch-a-star/"> Catch a Star </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/liu/"> Life in the Universe </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/pos/"> Physics On Stage </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/eduoff/seaspace/docs/"> Sea & Space </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://kids.alma.cl/?lang=en"> ALMA Kids </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/"> Współpraca <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-498" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/"> Wolontariusze do tłumaczeń </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/eson/"> Sieć Popularyzacji Nauki ESO </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/chile/"> Collaborations in Chile <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-501" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/chile/2010/"> 2010 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/chile/2009/"> 2009 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/eso-ambassadors/"> Ambasadorowie Popularyzacji ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/organisations/"> Partnerskie Organizacje Popularyzacji ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/educators/"> Nieformalni edukatorzy </a></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://eso.us2.list-manage1.com/subscribe?u=c35dd77ef962de779092c970b&id=bd58d6ae8d"> Outreach Newsletter - formularz </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/photo-ambassadors/"> Fotograficzni Ambasadorowie ESO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/music-ambassadors/"> Muzyczni Ambasadorowie ESO </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/first-picture-of-a-black-hole/blog/"> Wykonywanie pierwszego zdjęcia czarnej dziury </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/communication-resources/"> Zasoby dla popularyzacji astronomii </a></li><li class=""><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/gems/"> Cosmic Gems </a></li><li 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href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/"> <div data-spy="affix" class="affix"> <div class="sprites-esologo"></div> <span>European<br>Southern<br>Observatory</span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="container " id="body"> <div class="notranslation-alert alert alert-info alert-dismissible" role="alert"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button> <strong>Przepraszamy!</strong> Ta strona nie została jeszcze przygotowana w Twoim języku, wyświetlamy zatem wersję angielską. </div> <div class="row no-page"> <div class="col-md-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row page"> <div class="col-md-12 one-column"> <div id="edit-info-block"> <div id="page-edit-success" class="alert alert-success alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Page saved successfully </div> <div id="page-edit-failure" class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Couldn't save page :( Please try again. </div> </div> <div class="page-content"> <div id="editable-content"> <h1>EFOSC</h1> <h2>ESO Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera</h2> <div style="position: relative; overflow: hidden; height: 253px; margin-bottom: 30px;"><a href="/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/2017_11_15_La_Silla_3p6_EFOSC1_upr_IMG_1610-CC/"> <img style="position: absolute; top: 200%; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: -100%; margin: auto;" src="/web/20220308034724im_/https://www.eso.org/public/archives/images/screen/2017_11_15_La_Silla_3p6_EFOSC1_upr_IMG_1610-CC.jpg" alt="CASPEC on rest" border="0"/> </a></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <p dir="ltr">The ESO Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (EFOSC) was mounted on the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/">ESO 3.6-metre telescope</a>, at La Silla Observatory, in 1984.</p> <p dir="ltr">The studies to build a low dispersion spectrograph for the ESO 3.6-metre telescope started in 1981 and in September 1982 a decision was taken for a focal reducer type of instrument to be used at the Cassegrain focus. The studies, analysis and optical design of the instrument were finished in 1983 and the integration tests started in Garching at the beginning of 1984. The first telescope test was successfully performed in June 1984 and the instrument was available for general use in April 1985.</p> <p dir="ltr"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/archive/no.38-dec84/messenger-no38-9-13.pdf">EFOSC</a> could be used in eight different modes, namely: direct imaging, long-slit spectroscopy, slitless spectroscopy, echelle spectroscopy, imaging polarimetry, spectropolarimetry, coronography, and multiple object spectroscopy.</p> <p dir="ltr">The optical and mechanical layout of main components present on EFOSC were as follows: an aperture wheel holding a number of slits that was situated in the Cassegrain focal plane of the telescope; then a collimator that produced a beam with a diameter of 40 mm passed through a filter or grism (if working in spectroscopic mode), that were mounted in the filter and grism wheels respectively, and an F/2.5 camera focused the beam onto a CCD that had an iris shutter in front of it. The CCD was a 512 by 512 pixels of 27 by 27 μm size and the images were transmitted to two different systems (called <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989RvMA....2..242G">IHAP and MIDAS</a>) that allowed on-line data processing.</p> <p dir="ltr">As Claus Madsen explains in his book, <em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/http://www.eso.org/public/products/books/book_0050/">The Jewel on the Mountaintop</a></em>, Daniel Enard’s design for EFOSC became the model when building a similar type of instrument elsewhere, and the optical design by Bernard Delabre, another of the ESOs unsung heroes, has become a standard for many of the instruments at ESO and in several other observatories.</p> EFOSC was decommissioned from the ESO 3.6-metre telescope and replaced by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/efosc2/">EFOSC2</a> in October 1997. <p dir="ltr"> </p> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <table class="table table-bordered" width="100%"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <h3 dir="ltr">EFOSC on the ESO 3.6-metre telescope</h3> <p><small>This table lists the global capabilities of the instrument.</small></p> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="30"><strong>Location:</strong></td> <td valign="top">Decommissioned</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="30"><strong>Telescope:</strong></td> <td valign="top">ESO 3.6-m telescope</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Focus:</strong></td> <td valign="top">Cassegrain</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Type:</strong></td> <td valign="top">Spectrograph; Camera</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Wavelength range:</strong></td> <td valign="top">350–1000 nm</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Special resolution:</strong></td> <td valign="top">0.8–5.6 nm</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Spectral resolution:</strong></td> <td valign="top">0.14–2.5 nm/pixel</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>First light:</strong></td> <td valign="top">June 1984</td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Science goals:</strong></td> <td valign="top"> <ul> <li dir="ltr">Direct imaging</li> <li dir="ltr">Long slit spectroscopy</li> <li dir="ltr">Slitless spectroscopy</li> <li dir="ltr">Echelle spectroscopy</li> <li dir="ltr">Imaging polarimetry</li> <li dir="ltr">Spectropolarimetry</li> <li dir="ltr">Coronography</li> <li dir="ltr">Multiple Object Spectroscopy</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Images taken with the instrument:</strong></td> <td valign="top"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/search/?ranking=0&fov=0&release_id=&minimum_size=0&description=&published_until_year=0&credit=&published_until_month=0&title=&subject_name=&instrument=35&published_until_day=0&published_since_day=0&published_since_month=0&id=&published_since_year=0">Link</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Images of the <strong>instrument</strong>:</strong></td> <td valign="top"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/images/archive/search/?ranking=0&fov=0&release_id=&minimum_size=0&description=&published_until_year=0&published_until_month=0&title=&subject_name=&credit=&published_until_day=0&published_since_day=0&published_since_month=0&id=EFOSC&published_since_year=0">Link</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Press Releases with the <strong>instrument</strong>:</strong></td> <td valign="top"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308034724/https://www.eso.org/public/news/archive/search/?published_until_year=0&published_until_day=0&description=&title=&instruments=35&subject_name=&published_since_day=0&published_since_month=0&published_until_month=0&id=&published_since_year=0">Link</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><strong>Consortium:</strong></td> <td valign="top"> <ul> <li>ESO</li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> 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