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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Novell" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novell"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Novell</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novell-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micro_Focus_GroupWise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micro_Focus_GroupWise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Micro Focus GroupWise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Micro_Focus_GroupWise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions" 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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input 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title="Novell GroupWise – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Novell GroupWise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_GroupWise" title="Novell GroupWise – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Novell GroupWise" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_GroupWise" title="Novell GroupWise – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Novell GroupWise" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/GroupWise" title="GroupWise – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="GroupWise" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novell_GroupWise" title="Novell GroupWise – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Novell GroupWise" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/GroupWise" title="GroupWise – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="GroupWise" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupwise" title="Groupwise – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Messaging and collaborative software platform</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">OpenText GroupWise</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/75/Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png/120px-Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/75/Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png/180px-Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/75/Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png/240px-Novell_GroupWise_2012_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GroupWise_2012_WebAccess_screenshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f6/GroupWise_2012_WebAccess_screenshot.png/330px-GroupWise_2012_WebAccess_screenshot.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f6/GroupWise_2012_WebAccess_screenshot.png 1.5x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="233" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">OpenText GroupWise</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/OpenText" title="OpenText">OpenText</a></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">24.4 / November 12, 2024</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Client platforms:<br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a></span><br />Server platforms:<br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Message_transfer_agent" title="Message transfer agent">Messaging</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Collaborative_software" title="Collaborative software">Collaboration</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opentext.com/products/groupwise">www.opentext.com/products/groupwise</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>GroupWise</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Message_transfer_agent" title="Message transfer agent">messaging</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collaboration_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Collaboration platform">collaboration platform</a> from <a href="/wiki/OpenText" title="OpenText">OpenText</a> that supports <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">email</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electronic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic calendar">calendaring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Personal_information_manager#Personal_information_manager" title="Personal information manager">personal information management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Document_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Document management">document management</a>. The GroupWise platform consists of desktop client software, which is available for <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, (formerly <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>), and the server software, which is supported on <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Servers" title="Microsoft Servers">Windows Server</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>. </p><p>The platform also supports WebAccess, its <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">browser</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Webmail" title="Webmail">webmail</a> client. Mobile access to messaging, calendaring, contacts and other data from <a href="/wiki/Smartphones" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartphones">smartphones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Tablet computers">tablet computers</a> is supported (through the GroupWise Mobility Service software) via the <a href="/wiki/Exchange_ActiveSync" title="Exchange ActiveSync">Exchange ActiveSync</a> protocol. Enterprise instant messaging and <a href="/wiki/Presence_information" title="Presence information">presence</a> is handled by GroupWise Messenger, which integrates with GroupWise. </p><p>The product's ownership history includes <a href="/wiki/WordPerfect" title="WordPerfect">WordPerfect</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Attachmate_Group" title="The Attachmate Group">Attachmate</a>; <a href="/wiki/Micro_Focus_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Micro Focus International">Micro Focus</a>'s 2014 acquisition of <i>Attachmate</i> resulted in the product's <b>Micro Focus GroupWise</b> name. Micro Focus was acquired by <a href="/wiki/OpenText" title="OpenText">OpenText</a> and the product name was changed to <b>OpenText GroupWise</b>. </p><p>The latest generation of the platform is GroupWise 24.4. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary">Summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GroupWise operates on a number of server and workstation platforms, including <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> for the server software (support for <a href="/wiki/Novell_NetWare" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell NetWare">NetWare</a> was discontinued in GroupWise 2012). Client software is supported on Windows. A Java client was previously available for macOS and Linux but is now discontinued and no longer supported. GroupWise connectors also exists for <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook" title="Microsoft Outlook">Microsoft Outlook</a> (although it is no longer supported) and for <a href="/wiki/Novell_Evolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Evolution">Evolution</a>. </p><p>GroupWise WebAccess provides users with most of the functionality of the desktop clients from a <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a>. WebAccess also supports mobile web access via a user interface tailored specifically for <a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">mobile operating systems</a>. GroupWise Mobility Service which was powered by technology from <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>, was previously used to synchronize mail and other data to <a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">mobile devices</a>. A new mobile gateway, Novell Data Synchronizer Mobility Pack, was released with <a href="/wiki/Exchange_ActiveSync" title="Exchange ActiveSync">Exchange ActiveSync</a> support in late 2010 to support <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, and <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry_10" title="BlackBerry 10">BlackBerry 10</a>. </p><p>The GroupWise Post Office Agent supports <a href="/wiki/IMAP" class="mw-redirect" title="IMAP">IMAP</a> and <a href="/wiki/SOAP_(protocol)" class="mw-redirect" title="SOAP (protocol)">SOAP</a> access to user mailboxes, in addition to the native client. The GroupWise Internet Agent provides <a href="/wiki/SMTP" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTP">SMTP</a> communication to other email systems, and also supports <a href="/wiki/IMAP" class="mw-redirect" title="IMAP">IMAP</a>, <a href="/wiki/POP3" class="mw-redirect" title="POP3">POP3</a>, <a href="/wiki/SOAP_(protocol)" class="mw-redirect" title="SOAP (protocol)">SOAP</a>, and <a href="/wiki/ICalendar" title="ICalendar">iCalendar</a> access to user mailboxes and data.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The platform has included <a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a> since the GroupWise 6.5 release, specifically targeted at the corporate market with features such as <a href="/wiki/Directory_service" title="Directory service">directory</a> integration and <a href="/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer" class="mw-redirect" title="Secure Sockets Layer">encryption</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the Windows, Linux, and Mac clients provided by Novell, the protocol is supported by Gossip, <a href="/wiki/IChat" title="IChat">iChat</a>, and multiprotocol applications such as <a href="/wiki/Kopete" title="Kopete">Kopete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pidgin_(software)" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adium" title="Adium">Adium</a>. There is also a client available for BlackBerry. </p><p>GroupWise can export Novell Address Book data.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the latest version of GroupWise is GroupWise 24.4. Licensing for GroupWise includes access to <a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux_Enterprise_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux Enterprise Server">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</a>, which can be used for running the GroupWise server at no additional cost. OpenText Open Workgroup Suite includes GroupWise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The product was developed by WordPerfect Corporation in conjunction with some of its largest customers, including the US Department of Justice, as well as with the programming input of some individual system administrators of smaller government agencies, like Eliot Lanes. WordPerfect Library did not include email or calendaring: it consisted of Personal Calendar, Editor, Notebook, Calculator, File Manager and Shell. </p> <ul><li>1987: WordPerfect Library was extended to the PC platform in a <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">DOS</a> version.</li> <li>1988: email and calendaring/scheduling were added; the product was rebranded "WordPerfect Office 2.0".</li> <li>1990: WordPerfect Office 3.0 added support for Macintosh, <a href="/wiki/UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIX">UNIX</a> and multiple servers with cross-server email, calendaring and scheduling.</li> <li>1992: WordPerfect Office 3.1 added a Windows client and cross-platform for <a href="/wiki/VAX/VMS" class="mw-redirect" title="VAX/VMS">VAX/VMS</a> to the list of DOS, Macintosh and UNIX. Remote capability for <a href="/wiki/Asynchronous_communication" title="Asynchronous communication">asynchronous</a> and wireless connections was introduced.</li> <li>1993: Version 4.0 brought an entirely new interface and transitioning to a database technology for the message store. Other major features included task management, server-based rules, remote replication/synchronization, centralized administration of multiple servers, <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> server capability, simultaneous release on all platforms, and many other innovative additions that were firsts in the market. Gateways included SMTP, <a href="/wiki/X.400" title="X.400">X.400</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fax" title="Fax">fax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">pager</a>, and <a href="/wiki/PROFS" class="mw-redirect" title="PROFS">PROFS</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novell">Novell</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Novell"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>WordPerfect was acquired by Novell in 1994, and the server components were ported to the <a href="/wiki/NetWare" title="NetWare">NetWare</a> network operating system. At the same time, WordPerfect Office was renamed GroupWise and integrated with <a href="/wiki/Novell_Directory_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Directory Services">Novell Directory Services</a> (later known as <a href="/wiki/Novell_eDirectory" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell eDirectory">Novell eDirectory</a>). In 1996, Novell sold most of the WordPerfect applications to <a href="/wiki/Corel" class="mw-redirect" title="Corel">Corel Corporation</a>, but decided to keep GroupWise. </p><p>GroupWise 4.1, the first Novell release, debuted in 1994, adding <a href="/wiki/NetWare_Loadable_Module" title="NetWare Loadable Module">NLMs</a> (Netware Loadable Modules) and gateways to offer extensive back-end capabilities. Other new features included <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> links in objects, the ability for third-party developers to create and maintain items, tighter Netware integration and management, <a href="/wiki/SNMP" class="mw-redirect" title="SNMP">SNMP</a> capabilities, live maintenance without the need to shut down the server, an integrated <a href="/wiki/Listserver" class="mw-redirect" title="Listserver">listserver</a>, and the ability to access the system remotely via touch-tone telephone. </p><p>In 1996, GroupWise WebAccess was released as an add-on, providing Internet-based access to GroupWise from a web browser. </p><p>GroupWise 5 in 1996 brought universal management of all types of messages and objects and full collaborative document management. GroupWise Imaging made scanned documents available as well. Integration with Novell Directory Services was also offered. Other notable features included conferencing, a Universal Mailbox, client/server functionality, and shared folders. Some native client platforms were dropped at the time, notably the Macintosh client, preferring instead to offer support via the web-based client. </p><p>Version 5.2 added extensive Internet functionality in 1997, including <a href="/wiki/IMAP4" class="mw-redirect" title="IMAP4">IMAP4</a>, <a href="/wiki/LDAP" class="mw-redirect" title="LDAP">LDAP</a>, POP3, embedded URLs and native <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a>. GroupWise Workflow was also added to the product. </p><p>GroupWise 5.5 in 1998 enhanced all the basic <a href="/wiki/Groupware" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupware">groupware</a> functions, added full-text indexing, and enhanced support for Internet standards and security. </p><p>In 2003, Novell utilized GroupWise Imaging, developed by <a href="/wiki/Computhink" title="Computhink">Computhink</a>, to make available extensive document imaging capabilities directly to the users of GroupWise 6 and 6.5.<sup id="cite_ref-computhink_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-computhink-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the release of GroupWise 6.5 SP1 in 2004, Linux was added to the list of platforms supported by the server components. </p><p>In 2006, GroupWise Mobile Server (based on the Nokia Intellisync software) was released, allowing hand-held devices running multiple platforms to synchronize email, contacts, calendar, and notes with GroupWise. </p><p>GroupWise 7 was launched in 2005, providing a totally new Windows client and WebAccess. </p><p>GroupWise 8, codenamed Bonsai, was released on November 17, 2008. It added many new features like Calendar Publishing. </p><p>Groupwise 8 SP1 was released in August 2009. Groupwise 8 SP2 was released in July 2010. </p><p>In September 2010, Novell released the Novell Data Synchronizer Mobility Pack, offering bidirectional data sync between GroupWise and ActiveSync-enabled mobile devices. This product replaced GroupWise Mobile Server and is offered as a free entitlement to GroupWise, <a href="/wiki/Novell_Vibe" title="Novell Vibe">Novell Vibe</a> and Novell Open Workgroup Suite customers. Novell Data Synchronizer also synchronizes data between GroupWise and third-party business applications like Vibe, <a href="/wiki/SharePoint" title="SharePoint">SharePoint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salesforce.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Salesforce.com">Salesforce.com</a>, <a href="/wiki/SugarCRM" title="SugarCRM">SugarCRM</a> and more. </p><p>In August 2011, Novell Data Synchronizer Mobility Pack 1.2 released, offering <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> support for Apple devices and increased scalability. Updates to this version of the product between late 2011 and mid-2012 have offered additional performance and quality enhancements and new capabilities such as administrator-controlled device limits. </p><p>In January 2012, GroupWise 2012 was released. It offers enhanced mobile support through new Web-based iPad templates and a wholly revamped WebAccess interface, social collaboration capabilities via integrations with Novell Vibe and <a href="/wiki/Skype" title="Skype">Skype</a>. </p><p>In December 2013, GroupWise Mobility Service 2.0 was released as the next version of, and renamed Data Synchronizer Mobility Pack for mobile device synchronization. New features included full ActiveSync 12.1 protocol support and increased server scalability, expanded device OS support, tasks and phone message support as well as improved address book management. On the administrator side a fully redesigned admin console with improved user/device synchronization status views, a monitoring dashboard, email alert notifications and expanded the user authentication to also include GroupWise as the back end along with the previous LDAP support. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Micro_Focus_GroupWise">Micro Focus GroupWise</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Micro Focus GroupWise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 2014, GroupWise 2014 was released. It offers directory independence (individual accounts can be linked to eDirectory or Active Directory systems, or function without a directory service link, existing only in GroupWise) and a web-based administration interface and REST API which removes the need for ConsoleOne and eDirectory for management purposes. The GroupWise 2014 client features <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">User interface</a> (UI) updates and numerous usability enhancements. The GroupWise 2014 WebAccess client adds auto-refresh and notification of new messages, along with minor UI changes to better match the new look of the desktop client. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following GroupWise versions have been released:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>GroupWise Version</th> <th>Latest Service Pack</th> <th>Codename</th> <th>Release Date </th></tr> <tr> <th>4.1 </th> <td>SP5 </td> <td>Houston </td> <td>1994 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5.0 AKA XTD </th> <td> </td> <td>Eclipse </td> <td>1996 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5.0 (slipstream) </th> <td> </td> <td>Tommy </td> <td>1996 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5.1 </th> <td>SP2a </td> <td>Black Widow </td> <td>1997 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5.2 </th> <td>SP6 <sup>1</sup> </td> <td>Jolt </td> <td>1997 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5.5 </th> <td>SP5 <sup>2</sup> </td> <td>Surge </td> <td>1998 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5.5 EP </th> <td>SP5 <sup>3</sup> </td> <td>Aruba </td> <td>1999 </td></tr> <tr> <th>6.0 </th> <td>SP4 <sup>4</sup> </td> <td>Bulletproof </td> <td>2001 </td></tr> <tr> <th>6.5 </th> <td>SP6 Update 2 <sup>5</sup> </td> <td>Hawthorne </td> <td>2003 </td></tr> <tr> <th>6.5.3 </th> <td> </td> <td>Delano </td> <td>2004 </td></tr> <tr> <th>7.0 </th> <td>SP4 </td> <td>Sequoia </td> <td>2005 </td></tr> <tr> <th>8.0 </th> <td>SP3 HP5 </td> <td>Bonsai </td> <td>2008 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2012 </th> <td>SP4 </td> <td>Ascot/Cardiff </td> <td>2012 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2014 </th> <td>2014 R2 HP1 </td> <td>Windermere </td> <td>2014 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2014 R2 </th> <td>SP3 </td> <td>Cornell </td> <td>2015 </td></tr> <tr> <th>18 </th> <td>SP2 </td> <td>Wasatch </td> <td>2017 </td></tr> <tr> <th>18.1 </th> <td>SP1 </td> <td>Traverse </td> <td>2018 </td></tr> <tr> <th>18.2 </th> <td>SP1 </td> <td>Traverse </td> <td>2019 </td></tr> <tr> <th>18.3 </th> <td>SP1 </td> <td> </td> <td>2020 </td></tr> <tr> <th>18.4 </th> <td>SP1 </td> <td> </td> <td>2022 </td></tr> <tr> <th>18.5 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2023 </td></tr> <tr> <th>23.4 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2023 </td></tr> <tr> <th>24.1 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2023 </td></tr> <tr> <th>24.2 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <th>24.3 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2024 </td></tr> <tr> <th>24.4 </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2024 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_collaborative_software" title="List of collaborative software">List of collaborative software</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novell.com/products/groupwise/comparison.html">"GroupWise 7: Feature Comparison"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GroupWise+7%3A+Feature+Comparison&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novell.com%2Fproducts%2Fgroupwise%2Fcomparison.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novell.com/collateral/4613331/4613331.html">"Instant Messaging with Novell GroupWise"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Instant+Messaging+with+Novell+GroupWise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novell.com%2Fcollateral%2F4613331%2F4613331.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZanréBeelsKunau1999" class="citation book cs1">Zanré, Danita; Beels, Richard; Kunau, Scott (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SN0UypBPSIcC"><i>GroupWise 5.5: administrator's guide</i></a>. Network Press. p. 328. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780782124446" title="Special:BookSources/9780782124446"><bdi>9780782124446</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-04</span></span>. <q>When an address book is exported, the information is written to a user-specified file with the .NAB file extension (NAB stands for Novell Address Book, and .NAB files are simple, comma-delimited text files).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=GroupWise+5.5%3A+administrator%27s+guide&rft.pages=328&rft.pub=Network+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780782124446&rft.aulast=Zanr%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Danita&rft.au=Beels%2C+Richard&rft.au=Kunau%2C+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSN0UypBPSIcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-computhink-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-computhink_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025121/http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/gwmag/assets/computhink_imaging_press_release.pdf">"Computhink Works with Novell To Provide an Extensive Suite of Integrated Imaging and Document Management Facilities for GroupWise"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Novell. March 20, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/gwmag/assets/computhink_imaging_press_release.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Computhink+Works+with+Novell+To+Provide+an+Extensive+Suite+of+Integrated+Imaging+and+Document+Management+Facilities+for+GroupWise&rft.date=2003-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.novell.com%2Fcoolsolutions%2Fgwmag%2Fassets%2Fcomputhink_imaging_press_release.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://download.novell.com/patch/finder/?familyId=114">http://download.microfocus.com/patch/finder/?familyId=114</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160420104906/https://wiki.microfocus.com/index.php/GroupWise">"GroupWise - MicroFocusInternationalWiki"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.microfocus.com/index.php/GroupWise">the original</a> on 2016-04-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-04-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GroupWise+-+MicroFocusInternationalWiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.microfocus.com%2Findex.php%2FGroupWise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZanrèPaul_Lamontagne2014" class="citation book cs1">Zanrè, Danita; Paul Lamontagne (2014). <i>The Caledonia Upgrade Guide for GroupWise 2014</i>. Caledonia Network Press caledonia.net. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9745067-2-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9745067-2-2"><bdi>978-0-9745067-2-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caledonia+Upgrade+Guide+for+GroupWise+2014&rft.pub=Caledonia+Network+Press+caledonia.net&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-9745067-2-2&rft.aulast=Zanr%C3%A8&rft.aufirst=Danita&rft.au=Paul+Lamontagne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKratzerErno_de_Korte2006" class="citation book cs1">Kratzer, Tay; Erno de Korte (2006). <i>Novell GroupWise 7 Administrator Solutions Guide</i>. <a href="/wiki/Novell_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Press">Novell Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-672-32788-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-672-32788-9"><bdi>978-0-672-32788-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Novell+GroupWise+7+Administrator+Solutions+Guide&rft.pub=Novell+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-672-32788-9&rft.aulast=Kratzer&rft.aufirst=Tay&rft.au=Erno+de+Korte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKratzer2006" class="citation book cs1">Kratzer, Tay (2006). <i>Success With GroupWise 7 for Linux</i>. TayKratzer.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Success+With+GroupWise+7+for+Linux&rft.pub=TayKratzer.com&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Kratzer&rft.aufirst=Tay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHinchman2006" class="citation book cs1">Hinchman, Gregg A. (2006). <i>Success With Clustering GroupWise 7</i>. TayKratzer.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59975-108-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-59975-108-9"><bdi>1-59975-108-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Success+With+Clustering+GroupWise+7&rft.pub=TayKratzer.com&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-59975-108-9&rft.aulast=Hinchman&rft.aufirst=Gregg+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRaff2006" class="citation book cs1">Raff, Eric (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/novellgroupwise700eric"><i>Novell GroupWise 7 User's Handbook</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Novell_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Press">Novell Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-672-32789-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-672-32789-6"><bdi>978-0-672-32789-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Novell+GroupWise+7+User%27s+Handbook&rft.pub=Novell+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-672-32789-6&rft.aulast=Raff&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnovellgroupwise700eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_Korte2006" class="citation book cs1">de Korte, Erno (2006). <i>The GroupWise Powerguide</i>. Books4Brains. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-808934-5-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-808934-5-0"><bdi>978-90-808934-5-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+GroupWise+Powerguide&rft.pub=Books4Brains&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-90-808934-5-0&rft.aulast=de+Korte&rft.aufirst=Erno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKratzer2004" class="citation book cs1">Kratzer, Tay (2004). <i>Novell GroupWise 6.5 Administrator's Guide</i>. <a href="/wiki/Novell_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Novell Press">Novell Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7897-2982-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7897-2982-8"><bdi>978-0-7897-2982-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Novell+GroupWise+6.5+Administrator%27s+Guide&rft.pub=Novell+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7897-2982-8&rft.aulast=Kratzer&rft.aufirst=Tay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGroupWise" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=GroupWise&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microfocus.com/products/groupwise/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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management">Task management</a> software and <a href="/wiki/Project_management_software" title="Project management software">project management software</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airtable" title="Airtable">Airtable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Any.do" title="Any.do">Any.do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asana,_Inc." title="Asana, Inc.">Asana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basecamp_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Basecamp (software)">Basecamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClickUp" title="ClickUp">ClickUp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easy_Redmine" title="Easy Redmine">Easy Redmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evernote" title="Evernote">Evernote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Tasks" title="Google Tasks">Google Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitica" title="Habitica">Habitica</a></li> 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title="Slack (software)">Slack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TaskCracker_for_Outlook" title="TaskCracker for Outlook">TaskCracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TaskJuggler" title="TaskJuggler">TaskJuggler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taskwarrior" title="Taskwarrior">Taskwarrior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taskworld" title="Taskworld">Taskworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teamwork_(project_management)" title="Teamwork (project management)">Teamwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Things_(software)" title="Things (software)">Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trello" title="Trello">Trello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workflowy" title="Workflowy">Workflowy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTrack" title="YouTrack">YouTrack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IQTELL" title="IQTELL">IQTELL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springpad" title="Springpad">Springpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wunderlist" title="Wunderlist">Wunderlist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Task_management_software" title="Category:Task management software">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Email_clients158" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Email_clients" title="Template:Email clients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Email_clients" title="Template talk:Email clients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Email_clients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Email clients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Email_clients158" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Email_client" title="Email client">Email clients</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Free software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_(email_client)" title="Alpine (email client)">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsa_(email_client)" title="Balsa (email client)">Balsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadel/UX" title="Citadel/UX">Citadel/UX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claws_Mail" title="Claws Mail">Claws Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleancode_eMail" title="Cleancode eMail">Cleancode eMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNOME_Evolution" title="GNOME Evolution">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetchmail" title="Fetchmail">fetchmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fdm_(software)" title="Fdm (software)">fdm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geary_(e-mail_client)" title="Geary (e-mail client)">Geary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getmail" title="Getmail">getmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNUMail" title="GNUMail">GNUMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnus" title="Gnus">Gnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnuzilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnuzilla">Gnuzilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Messaging_Program" title="Internet Messaging Program">IMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-9_Mail" title="K-9 Mail">K-9 Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontact" title="Kontact">KMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahogany_(email_client)" title="Mahogany (email client)">Mahogany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailpile" title="Mailpile">Mailpile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailx" title="Mailx">Mailx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heirloom_Project" title="Heirloom Project">Mailx (Heirloom Project)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_(email_client)" title="Modest (email client)">Modest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Thunderbird" title="Mozilla Thunderbird">Mozilla Thunderbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_(email_client)" title="Mulberry (email client)">Mulberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutt_(email_client)" title="Mutt (email client)">Mutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MH_Message_Handling_System" title="MH Message Handling System">nmh / MH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OfflineIMAP" title="OfflineIMAP">OfflineIMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundcube" title="Roundcube">Roundcube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SeaMonkey" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SquirrelMail" title="SquirrelMail">SquirrelMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylpheed" title="Sylpheed">Sylpheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojit%C3%A1" title="Trojitá">Trojitá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YAM_(Yet_Another_Mailer)" class="mw-redirect" title="YAM (Yet Another Mailer)">YAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbra" title="Zimbra">Zimbra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arachne_(web_browser)" title="Arachne (web browser)">Arachne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beonex_Communicator" title="Beonex Communicator">Beonex Communicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlitzMail" title="BlitzMail">BlitzMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classilla" title="Classilla">Classilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_MM" title="Columbia MM">Columbia MM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elm_(email_client)" title="Elm (email client)">Elm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_Moon_(web_browser)#FossaMail" class="mw-redirect" title="Pale Moon (web browser)">FossaMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hula_(software)" title="Hula (software)">Hula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailody" title="Mailody">Mailody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Mail_%26_Newsgroups" title="Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups">Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nylas_N1" class="mw-redirect" title="Nylas N1">Nylas N1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proprietary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Freeware/Freemium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EM_Client" title="EM Client">eM Client</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EmailTray" title="EmailTray">EmailTray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxmail" title="Foxmail">Foxmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribe_Mail" title="Scribe Mail">i.Scribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailbird" title="Mailbird">Mailbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spark_(application)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spark (application)">Spark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_(application)" title="Spike (application)">Spike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TouchMail" title="TouchMail">TouchMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivaldi_(web_browser)" title="Vivaldi (web browser)">Vivaldi Mail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiri_(email_client)" title="Hiri (email client)">Hiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomba" title="Bloomba">Bloomba/WordPerfect Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_(app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton (app)">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCL_Domino" class="mw-redirect" title="HCL Domino">HCL Domino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribe_Mail" title="Scribe Mail">InScribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Mail" title="Apple Mail">Apple Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mail_(Windows)" title="Mail (Windows)">Mail (Windows)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook" title="Microsoft Outlook">Microsoft Outlook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook_for_Windows" title="Outlook for Windows">Outlook for Windows</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Novell GroupWise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airmail_(email_client)" title="Airmail (email client)">Airmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postbox_(email_client)" title="Postbox (email client)">Postbox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shareware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Becky!" title="Becky!">Becky!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort%C3%A9_Agent" title="Forté Agent">Forté Agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GyazMail" title="GyazMail">GyazMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bat!" title="The Bat!">The Bat!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Email" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Email">Samsung Email</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Donationware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_Mail" title="Pegasus Mail">Pegasus Mail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cc:Mail" title="Cc:Mail">cc:Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claris_Emailer" title="Claris Emailer">Claris Emailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courier_(email_client)" title="Courier (email client)">Courier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberdog" title="Cyberdog">Cyberdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberjack" title="Cyberjack">Cyberjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embrowser" class="mw-redirect" title="Embrowser">Embrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_(email_client)" title="Eudora (email client)">Eudora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailbox_(application)" title="Mailbox (application)">Mailbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Entourage" title="Microsoft Entourage">Microsoft Entourage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Internet_Mail_and_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Internet Mail and News">Microsoft Internet Mail and News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Mail" title="Microsoft Mail">Microsoft Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Internet_Users_Essential_Tool" title="Minnesota Internet Users Essential Tool">MINUET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netscape_Mail_%26_Newsgroups" title="Netscape Mail & Newsgroups">Netscape Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netscape_Messenger_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Messenger 9">Netscape Messenger 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NeXTMail" class="mw-redirect" title="NeXTMail">NeXTMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook_Express" title="Outlook Express">Outlook Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_(email_client)" title="Pine (email client)">Pine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocomail" title="Pocomail">Pocomail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POPmail" class="mw-redirect" title="POPmail">POPmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparrow_(email_client)" title="Sparrow (email client)">Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnpike_(software)" title="Turnpike (software)">Turnpike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebSpyder" class="mw-redirect" title="WebSpyder">WebSpyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Live_Mail" title="Windows Live Mail">Windows Live Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Messaging" title="Windows Messaging">Windows Messaging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSON_Meta_Application_Protocol" title="JSON Meta Application Protocol">JMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Local Mail Transfer Protocol">LMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push-IMAP" title="Push-IMAP">Push-IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Access_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Access Protocol">SMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_and_email" title="Unicode and email">Unicode and email</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Email_clients" title="Category:Email clients">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_email_clients" title="Comparison of email clients">Comparison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Email_servers309" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Email_servers" title="Template:Email servers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Email_servers" title="Template talk:Email servers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Email_servers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Email servers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Email_servers309" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Message_transfer_agent" title="Message transfer agent">Email servers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_James" title="Apache James">Apache James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadel/UX" title="Citadel/UX">Citadel/UX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courier_Mail_Server" title="Courier Mail Server">Courier Mail Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_IMAP_server" title="Cyrus IMAP server">Cyrus IMAP server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dovecot_(software)" title="Dovecot (software)">Dovecot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exim" title="Exim">Exim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMailServer" title="HMailServer">hMailServer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolab" title="Kolab">Kolab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopano_(software)" title="Kopano (software)">Kopano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSMTPD" title="OpenSMTPD">OpenSMTPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postfix_(software)" title="Postfix (software)">Postfix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qmail" title="Qmail">Qmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendmail" title="Sendmail">Sendmail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MeTA1" title="MeTA1">MeTA1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zentyal" title="Zentyal">Zentyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbra" title="Zimbra">Zimbra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delivermail" title="Delivermail">Delivermail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hula_(software)" title="Hula (software)">Hula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qpopper" title="Qpopper">qpopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW_IMAP" title="UW IMAP">UW IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarafa_(software)" title="Zarafa (software)">Zarafa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet-mail.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Email"><img alt="Email" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Internet-mail.svg/48px-Internet-mail.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Internet-mail.svg/72px-Internet-mail.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Internet-mail.svg/96px-Internet-mail.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axigen" title="Axigen">Axigen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CommuniGate_Pro" title="CommuniGate Pro">CommuniGate Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_Internet_Mail_Server" title="Eudora Internet Mail Server">Eudora Internet Mail Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordano_Messaging_Suite" title="Gordano Messaging Suite">Gordano Messaging Suite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Notes" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Notes">IBM/Lotus Notes/Domino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IceWarp_Mail_Server" title="IceWarp Mail Server">IceWarp Mail Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">Internet Information Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswitch_IMail_Server" title="Ipswitch IMail Server">Ipswitch IMail Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerio_Connect" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerio Connect">Kerio Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Mail_Transport_System" title="Mercury Mail Transport System">Mercury Mail Transport System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange Server</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Novell GroupWise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push-IMAP" title="Push-IMAP">Push-IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Access_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Access Protocol">SMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_and_email" title="Unicode and email">Unicode and email</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Message_transfer_agents" title="Category:Message transfer agents">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_mail_servers" title="Comparison of mail servers">Comparison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mail_server_software" title="List of mail server software">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Instant_messaging199" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Instant_messaging" title="Template:Instant messaging"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Instant_messaging" title="Template talk:Instant messaging"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Instant_messaging" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Instant messaging"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Instant_messaging199" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protocols<br />(<a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_instant_messaging_protocols" title="Comparison of instant messaging protocols">comparison</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Open</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Data_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Distributed Data Protocol">DDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_Messaging_and_Presence_Protocol" title="Instant Messaging and Presence Protocol">IMPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRC" title="IRC">IRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrix_(protocol)" title="Matrix (protocol)">Matrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTProto" class="mw-redirect" title="MTProto">MTProto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retroshare" title="Retroshare">Retroshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_Protocol" title="Signal Protocol">Signal Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">SIP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Message_Session_Relay_Protocol" title="Message Session Relay Protocol">MSRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIMPLE_(instant_messaging_protocol)" title="SIMPLE (instant messaging protocol)">SIMPLE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tox_(protocol)" title="Tox (protocol)">Tox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMPP" title="XMPP">XMPP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jingle_(protocol)" title="Jingle (protocol)">Jingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wave_Federation_Protocol" title="Google Wave Federation Protocol">WFP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephyr_(protocol)" title="Zephyr (protocol)">Zephyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Notification_Protocol" title="Microsoft Notification Protocol">MSNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSCAR_protocol" title="OSCAR protocol">OSCAR</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TOC_protocol" title="TOC protocol">TOC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skype_protocol" title="Skype protocol">Skype</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Band_(software)" title="Band (software)">Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBM_Enterprise" title="BBM Enterprise">BBM Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeper_(software)" title="Beeper (software)">Beeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BiP_(software)" title="BiP (software)">BiP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DingTalk" title="DingTalk">DingTalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discord" title="Discord">Discord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Element_(software)" title="Element (software)">Element</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chat" title="Google Chat">Google Chat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Meet" title="Google Meet">Google Meet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Messages" title="Google Messages">Google Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GroupMe" title="GroupMe">GroupMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilded" title="Guilded">Guilded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IGap" title="IGap">iGap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMessage" title="IMessage">iMessage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imo.im" title="Imo.im">Imo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instagram#Instagram_Direct" title="Instagram">Instagram Direct Messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jio#Jio_apps" title="Jio">JioChat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jongla" title="Jongla">Jongla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KakaoTalk" title="KakaoTalk">KakaoTalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kik_Messenger" title="Kik Messenger">Kik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lark_(software)" title="Lark (software)">Lark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libon_(service)" title="Libon (service)">Libon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_(software)" title="Line (software)">Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_(app)" title="Marco Polo (app)">Marco Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattermost" title="Mattermost">Mattermost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messenger_(software)" title="Messenger (software)">Messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messenger_Kids" title="Messenger Kids">Messenger Kids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Palace_(computer_program)" title="The Palace (computer program)">The Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent_QQ" title="Tencent QQ">QQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandes_(software)" title="Sandes (software)">Sandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_(software)" title="Session (software)">Session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShareChat" title="ShareChat">ShareChat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_(software)" title="Signal (software)">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slack_(software)" title="Slack (software)">Slack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapchat" title="Snapchat">Snapchat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_(app)" title="Snow (app)">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tango_Live" title="Tango Live">Tango Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textfree" title="Textfree">Textfree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threema" title="Threema">Threema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trillian_(software)" title="Trillian (software)">Trillian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viber" title="Viber">Viber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VK_(service)" title="VK (service)">VK Messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeChat" title="WeChat">WeChat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickr" title="Wickr">Wickr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Online_Festival" title="The World's Online Festival">WOLF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_Video_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoom Video Communications">Zoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulip" title="Zulip">Zulip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clients<br />(<a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_cross-platform_instant_messaging_clients" title="Comparison of cross-platform instant messaging clients">comparison</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Single protocol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu Hi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBM_Enterprise" title="BBM Enterprise">BBM Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briar_(software)" title="Briar (software)">Briar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Element_(software)" title="Element (software)">Element</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FaceTime" title="FaceTime">FaceTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadu-Gadu" title="Gadu-Gadu">Gadu-Gadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GroupMe" title="GroupMe">GroupMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCL_Sametime" title="HCL Sametime">HCL Sametime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMVU" title="IMVU">IMVU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jami_(software)" title="Jami (software)">Jami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jongla" title="Jongla">Jongla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linphone" title="Linphone">Linphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messenger_(software)" title="Messenger (software)">Messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent_QQ" title="Tencent QQ">QQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retroshare" title="Retroshare">Retroshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricochet_(software)" title="Ricochet (software)">Ricochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_(software)" title="Session (software)">Session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_(software)" title="Signal (software)">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tox_(protocol)" title="Tox (protocol)">Tox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeChat" title="WeChat">WeChat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickr" title="Wickr">Wickr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_(software)" title="Wire (software)">Wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World%27s_Online_Festival" title="The World's Online Festival">WOLF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-protocol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adium" title="Adium">Adium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayttm" title="Ayttm">Ayttm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeper_(application)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beeper (application)">Beeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitlBee" title="BitlBee">BitlBee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centericq" title="Centericq">Centericq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBuddy" title="EBuddy">eBuddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jitsi" title="Jitsi">Jitsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopete" title="Kopete">Kopete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messages_(Apple)" title="Messages (Apple)">Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_NG" title="Miranda NG">Miranda NG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbuzz" title="Nimbuzz">Nimbuzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pidgin_(software)" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finch_(software)" title="Finch (software)">Finch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDE_Telepathy" title="KDE Telepathy">Telepathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Thunderbird" title="Mozilla Thunderbird">Thunderbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trillian_(software)" title="Trillian (software)">Trillian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/XMPP" title="XMPP">XMPP (Jabber)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChatSecure" title="ChatSecure">ChatSecure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversations_(software)" title="Conversations (software)">Conversations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajim" title="Gajim">Gajim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_(instant_messaging_client)" title="Psi (instant messaging client)">Psi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spark_(XMPP_client)" title="Spark (XMPP client)">Spark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tkabber" title="Tkabber">Tkabber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xabber" title="Xabber">Xabber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Notification_Protocol" title="Microsoft Notification Protocol">MSNP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Teams" title="Microsoft Teams">Microsoft Teams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_instant_messaging_platforms" title="List of defunct instant messaging platforms">List of defunct instant messaging platforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backchannel" title="Backchannel">Backchannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chat_log" title="Chat log">Chat log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatbot" title="Chatbot">Chatbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit (software)">Circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_user_features_of_messaging_platforms" title="Comparison of user features of messaging platforms">Comparison of user features of messaging platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_list" title="Contact list">Contact list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emoticon" title="Emoticon">Emoticon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FirstClass" title="FirstClass">FirstClass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flock_(messaging_service)" title="Flock (messaging service)">Flock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuze_(company)" title="Fuze (company)">Fuze Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hall.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Hall.com">Hall.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAN_messenger" title="LAN messenger">LAN messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_chat" title="Online chat">Online chat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presence_information" title="Presence information">Presence information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glip" class="mw-redirect" title="Glip">RingCentral Glip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMS_language" title="SMS language">SMS language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status_message_(instant_messaging)" title="Status message (instant messaging)">Status message</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-Report" title="U-Report">U-Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videotelephony" title="Videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viva_Engage" title="Viva Engage">Viva Engage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">VoIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">Webcam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="OpenText40" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:OpenText" title="Template:OpenText"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:OpenText" title="Template talk:OpenText"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:OpenText" title="Special:EditPage/Template:OpenText"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="OpenText40" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/OpenText" title="OpenText">OpenText</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Bray" title="Tim Bray">Tim Bray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaston_Gonnet" title="Gaston Gonnet">Gaston Gonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tompa" title="Frank Tompa">Frank Tompa</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:OpenText_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OpenText_logo.svg/170px-OpenText_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OpenText_logo.svg/255px-OpenText_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OpenText_logo.svg/340px-OpenText_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="85" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArcSight" title="ArcSight">ArcSight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentum" title="Documentum">Documentum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GroupWise</a></li> <li>IDOL</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LoadRunner" title="LoadRunner">LoadRunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetIQ_eDirectory" title="NetIQ eDirectory">NetIQ eDirectory</a></li> <li>opentext.ai</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenText_ALM" title="OpenText ALM">OpenText ALM</a></li> <li>OpenText Business Network</li> <li>OpenText Content Suite</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenText_Data_Protector" title="OpenText Data Protector">OpenText Data Protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenText_Quality_Center" title="OpenText Quality Center">OpenText Quality Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenText_SiteScope" title="OpenText SiteScope">OpenText SiteScope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenText_Together" title="OpenText Together">OpenText Together</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Enterprise_Server" title="Open Enterprise Server">Open Enterprise Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Central" title="Silk Central">Silk Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Performer" title="Silk Performer">Silk Performer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Test" title="Silk Test">Silk Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StarTeam" title="StarTeam">StarTeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFT_One" title="UFT One">UFT One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertica" title="Vertica">Vertica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visibroker" title="Visibroker">Visibroker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZENworks" title="ZENworks">ZENworks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acquisitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_Autonomy" title="HP Autonomy">Autonomy Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbonite,_Inc." title="Carbonite, Inc.">Carbonite, Inc.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Webroot" title="Webroot">Webroot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Baan" title="Jan Baan">Cordys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covisint" title="Covisint">Covisint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guidance_Software" title="Guidance Software">Guidance Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GXS_Inc." title="GXS Inc.">GXS Inc.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harbinger_Corporation" title="Harbinger Corporation">Harbinger Corporation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummingbird_Ltd." title="Hummingbird Ltd.">Hummingbird Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_Focus" title="Micro Focus">Micro Focus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Attachmate_Group" title="The Attachmate Group">The Attachmate Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attachmate" title="Attachmate">Attachmate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borland" title="Borland">Borland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortify_Software" title="Fortify Software">Fortify Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_IT_Management_Software" title="HP IT Management Software">HP IT Management Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Interactive" title="Mercury Interactive">Mercury Interactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetIQ" title="NetIQ">NetIQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novell" title="Novell">Novell</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unix_System_Laboratories" title="Unix System Laboratories">Unix System Laboratories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Systems" title="Peregrine Systems">Peregrine Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlateSpin" class="mw-redirect" 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