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Module 3. Impairments due to sleep deprivation are similar to impairments due to alcohol intoxication! | NIOSH | CDC
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</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid site-title"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="display-6 text-white fw-500 pt-1 pb-1 site-title-inner "> <a href="/niosh/"> The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-label="Mobile Nav" id="mobilenav" class="sticky-top"> </nav> <!-- Global Above Feature --> <div class="container-fluid feature-area"> <div class="container"></div> </div> </header> <div class="container d-flex flex-wrap body-wrapper bg-white"> <main class="col-lg-9 order-lg-2" role="main" aria-label="Main Content Area"> <div class="row visual-element"> <div class="col"> <div><a href="/niosh/"><picture><source media="(min-width: 1400px)" srcset="/niosh/images/si-no-left-vp4.png?_=94662"/><source media="(min-width: 1200px)" srcset="/niosh/images/si-no-left-vp4-medium.png?_=94662"/><source media="(min-width: 992px)" 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collapse-icon"> <a class="collapse-link float-right nav-minus fs0875" data-toggle="collapse" href="#collapse_291789663f7a7f299b7" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapse_291789663f7a7f299b7"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <title>Minus</title> <path d="M19,13H5V11H19V13Z"></path> </svg> </a> <div class="h4">Related Pages</div> </div> <div class="card-body collapse show" id="collapse_291789663f7a7f299b7"></div> </div> <div class="syndicate"> <div class="row "><div class="col-md-12"></div></div><div class="row "><div class="col-md-12"><div class="cdc-textblock"><h3>Impairments due to sleep deprivation are similar to impairments due to alcohol intoxication!</h3> <div class="float-md-right ml-md-3 pt-2"><img decoding="async" class="img-fluid" alt="A nurse sits with her hand on her forehead" title="skd238146sdc" src="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/images/M3D.jpg?_=05151"></div> <p><strong>“Sometimes it’s almost like you’re drunk… and you can notice your body just basically being so sleep deprived, that you’re woozy and you’re incompetent and you are at risk of making a very serious mistake, and as nurses, this could be fatal.”</strong></p> <pre><em>-Quote from an interview with a night shift nurse</em></pre> <p>Several studies show similarities between fatigue-related impairment in cognitive and physiological functioning, and impairments due to alcohol intoxication.<a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/28.html"><sup>14,18,19</sup></a> Participants’ performances were tested and compared under two separate conditions: (1) after staying awake for extended periods and (2) after reaching a certain blood alcohol concentration (BAC). These studies suggest:</p> <ul class="list-false"> <li><strong>Being awake for 17 hours is similar to having a BAC of 0.05%.</strong></li> <li><strong>Being awake for 24 hours is similar to having a BAC of 0.10%.</strong></li> </ul> <p>Note that the United States defines legal intoxication for purposes of driving as a BAC of 0.08% or greater. However, driving impairments are seen at a BAC of 0.05%, and some countries use a cutoff of 0.05% or lower for driving purposes.<a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/28.html"><sup>20</sup></a></p> </div></div></div><div class="row "><div class="col-md-12"><div class="card mb-3"><div class="card-body bg-tertiary"><div style="margin-top: 15px;">Warning: the combination of even a low dose of alcohol and extended wakefulness reduces performance even further.<a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/28.html"><sup>21</sup></a> Therefore, it is important not to drink even small amounts of alcohol when you are sleep-deprived and planning to drive or perform other critical tasks.</div> </div></div></div></div><div class="row "><div class="col-md-12"><div class="row-fluid"> <div class="vc_empty_space"><span class="vc_empty_space_inner"></span></div> </div> </div></div><div class="row "><div class="col-md-4"><div class="row "><div class="col-md-12"><a 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</div> <div class="row share-row last-reviewed-row"> <div class="col-md last-reviewed"> Last Reviewed: <span id="last-reviewed-date">March 31, 2020</span> <div class="d-none d-lg-block content-source">Source: <a href="/niosh/" class="td-none">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md page-share ml-auto"> <nav id="share-nav" class="page-share-wrapper" role="navigation" aria-label="Social Media"> <ul> <li><a target="_blank" title="Share to Facebook" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="page-share-facebook metrics-share-facebook" href="https://api.addthis.com/oexchange/0.8/forward/facebook/offer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Findex.htm&title=CDC%20Works%2024/7&description=As%20the%20nation%27s%20health%20protection%20agency,%20CDC%20saves%20lives%20and%20protects%20people%20from%20health,%20safety,%20and%20security%20threats.&via=CDCgov&ct=0&media=https://www.cdc.gov/homepage/images/centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention.png"><span 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class="nav-section-home d-sm-block"><span class="sr-only">home</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-home nav-home-icon x24" aria-hidden="true"></span><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/default.html">NIOSH Training for Nurses on Shift Work and Long Work Hours</a></div> <ul id="nav-primary" class="list-group tp-nav-main"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl1"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/objectives.html">Learning Objectives</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl1"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/about.html">About the Training Program</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl1"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/foreword.html">Foreword</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl1"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/description.html">Accreditation Statement</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl1"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/part1.html">Part 1. The Risks and Why These Occur</a><a href="#nav-group-d8dab" aria-controls="nav-group-d8dab" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-d8dab" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod1/01.html">Module 1. Introduction</a><a href="#nav-group-ea257" aria-controls="nav-group-ea257" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-ea257" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod1/02.html">Introduction (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod1/03.html">Benefits</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod1/04.html">Benefits (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod1/05.html">Benefits (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod1/06.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/01.html">Module 2. How shift work and long work hours increase health and safety risks</a><a href="#nav-group-44d7d" aria-controls="nav-group-44d7d" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-44d7d" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/02.html">Objectives (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/03.html">Sleep is a Basic Need</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/04.html">Your Body is Busy During Sleep</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/05.html">Sleep and the Immune System</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/06.html">Sleep and the Immune System (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/07.html">Impacts on Metabolism and Endocrine Function</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/08.html">How Much Sleep Do You Need?</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/09.html">Epworth Sleepiness Scale</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/10.html">Regulation of Sleep: A Simple, Two-Process Model</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/11.html">Sleep Pressure: Homeostatic Sleep Drive</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/12.html">Sleep Pressure: Homeostatic Sleep Drive (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/13.html">Circadian Rhythms</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/14.html">Circadian Rhythms (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/15.html">Circadian Rhythms That Promote Wakefulness</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/16.html">Synchronization of Homeostatic and Circadian Processes</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/17.html">Desynchronization of Homeostatic and Circadian Processes</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/18.html">Circadian Rhythms</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/19.html">Effects of Light on Circadian Rhythms</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/20.html">The Color of the Light Affects Circadian Rhythms</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/21.html">Afternoon Dip in Wakefulness</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/22.html">Be Alert for Key Factors that Promote Fatigue!</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/23.html">Be Aware of the Dangers of Sleepiness and Fatigue</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/24.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod2/25.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/01.html">Module 3. Risks associated with shift work and long work hours</a><a href="#nav-group-7a930" aria-controls="nav-group-7a930" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-7a930" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/02.html">Negative Impacts on Sleep</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/03.html">Microsleeps</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/04.html">Functioning</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/05.html">Functioning (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/06.html">Functioning (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/07.html">Common and Critical Misconceptions and Individual Differences</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/08.html">Impairments due to sleep deprivation are similar to impairments due to alcohol intoxication!</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/09.html">Injuries/Errors</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/10.html">Injuries/Errors (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/11.html">Injuries/Errors (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/12.html">Injuries/Errors (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/13.html">Injuries/Errors (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/14.html">Health Behaviors</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/15.html">Diseases and Shift Work</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/16.html">Cardiovascular Disease</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/17.html">Gastrointestinal Disorders</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/18.html">Psychological Complaints</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/19.html">Cancer</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/20.html">Diabetes Mellitus</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/21.html">Reproductive Outcomes</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/22.html">Some people cannot seem to be able to adjust to shift work</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/23.html">Diseases and Long Hours</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/24.html">Musculoskeletal Disorders</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/25.html">Impacts on Families</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/26.html">Impacts on Employers</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/27.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod3/28.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/01.html">Module 4. Individual differences</a><a href="#nav-group-e70e4" aria-controls="nav-group-e70e4" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-e70e4" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/02.html">Sleep Differences</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/03.html">Larks/Owls</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/04.html">Age</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/05.html">Chronic Disorders</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/06.html">Chronic Disorders (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/07.html">Work/Home Demands</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/08.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/09.html">References</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod4/10.html">Part 1 Course Completion and Evaluation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl1"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/part2.html">Part 2. Strategies to Reduce Risks</a><a href="#nav-group-1372e" aria-controls="nav-group-1372e" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-1372e" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/01.html">Module 5. Work Organization Strategies to Promote Alertness and Health in Nurses</a><a href="#nav-group-8895b" aria-controls="nav-group-8895b" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-8895b" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/02.html">Objectives (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/03.html">Key Points</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/04.html">Improving Work Schedules</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/05.html">Researchers have proposed these guidelines for designing work schedules</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/06.html">Researchers have proposed these guidelines for designing work schedules: (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/07.html">Extended Shifts</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/08.html">Extended Shifts (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/09.html">Extended Shifts (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/10.html">Rest Breaks</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/11.html">Planned Naps</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/12.html">Periodic Assessments</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/13.html">Organizational Improvements</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/14.html">Workload Level Analysis</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/15.html">Supervisor Support</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/16.html">Create a Positive Atmosphere</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/17.html">Fatigue Risk Management Systems</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/18.html">Liabilities and Responsibility</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/19.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod5/20.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/01.html">Module 6. Improving Your Sleep and Alertness</a><a href="#nav-group-08beb" aria-controls="nav-group-08beb" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-08beb" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/02.html">Create a Good Sleep Environment</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/03.html">Create a Good Sleep Environment (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/04.html">Prepare for Sleep</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/05.html">Timing Sleep to Fit Your Work Schedule</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/06.html">Using light</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/07.html">Improve Sleep by Avoiding Light</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/08.html">Exercise</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/09.html">Sleep Aids and Stimulants</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/10.html">Sleep Aids and Stimulants (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/11.html">Sleep Aids and Stimulants (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/12.html">Sleep Aids and Stimulants (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/13.html">Sleep Aids and Stimulants (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/14.html">A Test Dose Might Be Helpful</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/15.html">Do You Have Symptoms of a Sleep Disorder?</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/16.html">Do You Have Symptoms of a Sleep Disorder? (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/17.html">Do You Have Symptoms of a Sleep Disorder? (Continued) </a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/18.html">Improve Other Sources of Sleepiness</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/19.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod6/20.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/01.html">Module 7. Napping, an Important Fatigue Countermeasure</a><a href="#nav-group-2f5d5" aria-controls="nav-group-2f5d5" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-2f5d5" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/02.html">Introduction</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/03.html">Sleep Inertia</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/04.html">Nap Times</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/05.html">Nap Duration</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/06.html">Before Nights</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/07.html">Naps at Work</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/08.html">Naps at Work (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/09.html">Work Setting</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/10.html">Work Setting (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/11.html">Work Setting (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/12.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod7/13.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/01.html">Module 8. Day Shift</a><a href="#nav-group-cdc4a" aria-controls="nav-group-cdc4a" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-cdc4a" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/02.html">Day Shift Challenges</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/03.html">Using Light to Promote a Better Morning Wake-Up Time and Sleepiness in the Evening</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/04.html">Using Light to Promote a Better Morning Wake-Up Time and Sleepiness in the Evening (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/05.html">To Increase Alertness</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/06.html">Planning Bedtime</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/07.html">Relaxation Techniques</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/08.html">Relaxation Techniques (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/09.html">Relaxation Techniques (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/10.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod8/11.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/01.html">Module 9. Coping with the Night and Evening Shifts</a><a href="#nav-group-4354f" aria-controls="nav-group-4354f" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-4354f" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/02.html">Nights Difficult</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/03.html">Light</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/04.html">Light (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/05.html">Sleep</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/06.html">Sleep (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/07.html">Evening Shift</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/08.html">Diet Suggestions for Night-Shift Nurses</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/09.html">Diet Suggestions for Night-Shift Nurses (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/10.html">Diet Suggestions for Night-Shift Nurses (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/11.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod9/12.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/01.html">Module 10: Coping Strategies for Your Personal Life</a><a href="#nav-group-4f2f7" aria-controls="nav-group-4f2f7" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-4f2f7" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/02.html">Family and Social Life</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/03.html">Educate Family and Friends</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/04.html">Tell your family and friends what they can do to help</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/05.html">Planning Suggestions</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/06.html">Maintain contact with family and friends</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/07.html">Communicate Schedule Information</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/08.html">Communicate times you need to sleep</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/09.html">Childcare</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/10.html">Suggestions for holidays and special occasions</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/11.html">Choose carefully where to live and work</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/12.html">Strategies to Cope with High Demands from Work and Home</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/13.html">Strategies to Cope with High Demands from Work and Home (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/14.html">Strategies to Cope with High Demands from Work and Home (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/15.html">Strategies to Cope with High Demands from Work and Home (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/16.html">Strategies to Cope with High Demands from Work and Home (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/17.html">Strategies to Cope with High Demands from Work and Home (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/18.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod10/19.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/01.html">Module 11. Driving</a><a href="#nav-group-9f5c6" aria-controls="nav-group-9f5c6" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-9f5c6" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/02.html">Drowsy Driving</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/03.html">Warning Signs</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/04.html">Preventing Crashes</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/05.html">Preventing Crashes (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/06.html">Quiz</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod11/07.html">References</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl2"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/01.html">Module 12. Action Steps and Final Comments</a><a href="#nav-group-58b1d" aria-controls="nav-group-58b1d" class="nav-plus nav-expandcollapse" data-toggle="collapse"><span class="sr-only">plus icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> <ul id="nav-group-58b1d" class="collapse"> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/02.html">Action Steps for Nurses on Shiftwork</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/03.html">Education</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/04.html">Plan for Work and Family Responsibilities</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/05.html">Get Regular Checkups and Take Care of Yourself</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/06.html">Action Steps for Nurse Managers</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/07.html">Action Steps for Nurse Managers (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/08.html">Action Steps for Nurse Managers (Continued)</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/09.html">Final Comments</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/10.html">References, Authors & Acknowledgments</a></li> <li class="list-group-item nav-lvl3"><a href="/niosh/work-hour-training-for-nurses/longhours/mod12/11.html">Congratulations! 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