CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91347553b9e9fe05',cH: '.osnYaA_vJxbO7q.UJ4BPqQUpFeiB1omJkmXZQwd_Kc-1739781476-1.2.1.1-5.hAQ4i.7.8VA.fTZkwhQkXzmlE4UZTJqZgh9Hmnx_4KIIYYagCLHzp2XrIgWFgI',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Sulasmi%20Sudirman&__cf_chl_tk=QXuv4v6uhPk_YD51KH7o_I49FaKaHgA_R3xQCjcrc9w-1739781476-1.0.1.1-FBvn4q06axsn5ZGpC.hasgIbHWMv1YSCSldOnADhsgA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739781476',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Sulasmi%20Sudirman&__cf_chl_f_tk=QXuv4v6uhPk_YD51KH7o_I49FaKaHgA_R3xQCjcrc9w-1739781476-1.0.1.1-FBvn4q06axsn5ZGpC.hasgIbHWMv1YSCSldOnADhsgA",md: "IXUelbqRZOx6fPdSouGmVjcbURsUrGrQbgnGLX.pqgY-1739781476-1.2.1.1-kkU8pk2pTgvqTr2uRlmJAbcaReYS5F9HjGbLioahPS28HHTJosIQ9EWuYdMp1nmB3JlPKTqzn_fJa6c8HACIHljQy6.HiNnan24HhR_1E0JsSzshuEdFira3ax1o1OrGhZpzz_a85HLKLYZpkzPzSL9sR4z8gchOVhWV4j9CosrVW8v_ZHbSttjp8DVmDs9V32PccvlPG2ylI99Vo0dWepUd0qHQChPwO6CCXi0x5cVjcfeSYuzaSlGg3sOCDuFkbQK2roWSe7xHqlU9989_7S8OdPxk_s5c.WVMhwPcaQQwTFGMuLpMY7d1fSMkp6BzjiILzYVTpCCY99JIZwNl6RoVNREqDsy4BI99PVpvGUhmP__hDaSiYVF1kvkHFhMEoT_OFnSFyGfvW5FDWd54CdI9JbcJKutwGDTz0huOBEMt3M9JJGzra6PfJROhqABk4Mwvlt5KP.dhpIfdjGiMWpjb6nS4RoKBqqEdTGkhrQB2jsBGV8hys5ePUuFaYUd0O7cMS7GtlauFh8gbESYz1u2fUNjWO3h9MtUn.xRBDJCM1AXL5pWNHkdMN9NQHa1pXYVWlvXz8Jr9MQLTAmiR.wh6QWZdSam6GwGhZnEx09UP_d16SvFvxVfPCVMcZpxmF4_zZWncHgyCEaI9dK9kk.9L.s871T6MZxtIQz_5bah0hKu3H8bHrvE1Mquwb0fbpq_iTAizi_QffvXkIku76Gj1FXiFQWsbsXoJuWW.zrSPV4xldD5XRQsfS5wNw9fcEReQ0VhMC41rD4J_2V9pXQuOdTVski_s_Lha9ZXxv.kADGMC437LfPV2UKiL1QhCd2Y4KMh9MBx9CTF6BnXW4ZcXrSv4v_nMlNmqlvQ5EuA2a0qT3VF_xCxX4QPnlrSier8cjYDRNMdHeLJULZNn9juV1OkcgUBDHB0spxrHEtUY6oG42q2HbniCgF4Wa3p2Jpvx5aXh02uD.dfRHl225yPhl4lXG1bJ1hYGSa3Q6hf9RKZyvpvp1xNiHVclZDNUmdc7vL_7scgDlegvKK0nXqfQwv.c99i53ipYk5rtMcJJ490DngJ32Zfre_6g1ZZyUUcxFRoQaDtvhvhnHcVhIRQeV7NL4vBUdJec3XzF4Raroj7p7.YXRld8DKvEtjHTvaGkHMSOV4k46f3A3yDoDlLM0ytf7eU.B3jsWS1qEmQJcwjHXQnXA2M9fOO3DKJ.z.kxmfOaCMZVv7s1MjK22PmzR1S_gFwmzludvfzzPrS3X8xkDqx9mM7d7DptduKoUeHfOfDcUyZJDNJDaNbhj2PHu9EdSLYztar0aUdpuoBKNoq70zGO0eL_lI6a_lNl.Xa0OR56NxItUZ5ckJ5FplxofncsUK3R8iyVWTpiFf1xgm3kBxxfRPtrWA6yHML6lvsn7diz29xwhu2T4gaIUzydt0IPl5OLBhmQnnSkCp6P7mlog.AJPUKpIJWuciOUWiuoLIQsvOtnadtZ6RN1f0ex1X40JxkERaD3njn2MHZXwyJdS.TbxmtSxON3dWnMDjptr4uMm2pIK3hIO2wLDnxW21wruqW2QfCLi4Z3qoT38RVvLwzdM8xBbf2X4NYVeE.iIVXvEy_bMlcXo5pHRC.JEFEGDKNxdayUxsdHHarrw3pq7eAwltwm_6uYefRbX7YCSfgYVXpINfPTa1_sUE5iuXYnvMFfl8Hyfo0gJ01htLWP6i4c8rfsCDzWJf.ftJLvPWluY2i47tCZpVpGdtZScXe0yPOL1Bap5OZj9TEFM3FhttQ4GhWYWKh4bYYzzfWzErjtbYFhPt5iS4pXmU4DWtVxYWn2BbShm6N3WI6nK.XEod.8QHDWXpLeBKu.aI1wBo.YYayEHKQodh_Zaoh.4pU_pjc1ABkcsC8APRjox3s2ILgtfH5S.TxRJBo89xTCUkN7Gz3ma.svucjfyWxE245KR9l_Qyv6kP893bk",mdrd: "v6xpcOybo9rnEcn_LsK_dgSwp1j8u1YpeyVx7pbMIhw-1739781476-1.2.1.1-9egu4qeUcBOuwSV8lHVTwx1wevMlw43LZn9bnJfL9W.1.0y0fjKkKiyaKTPgfJ9obTKjqVBEUOR0oPK0gDvbKzqn.UdhMroOkrW8tKldcczWgcmgE8rMcVlCUyGkbnfTa7RhTmoQCVALtuxtgMuuyqeOiCYX7KqlrRz4yNpPIJGZA7_CiSb6cjI.EvtZ1a3b2JbgAn6Uy8ophN5c9Z38aL7VPa3dbMtDoYQDHF1HSGVF0s7yuZgyVLIFmYXamEv5qYVhoBSK6yaNidqr3wPi0QviU_OTYcU9F1De4Gbr1CSo9o6rd7mQKeL7l7FPnUfr0YH9y84eDgBsdJ7A_38Z1l.KnnK_57AW3IqUw77QOSKKh3QdKNZqR1boW8SKdoAdfkWJVSB8qqkB.UXKcTUZT7tQ2h2fdi.3O4q4_VYTT2uqW5u6DmilOTu7XwsuvSIkyvI3rKgU06U1Hnb7ZrVpEDoGHcyfg9Kb0dJOGnkyu_iSpwyjuFLpv8DC4xuH8IWd.ERcZkxaw4hcqIGvXW3azNINKYiO_Vpd62fIG2ixF5PiBAAcKg5MhQX8gLJdkJe3SK1JBCVILD3RmSOxt2ywbi5D1iLG8pxrjzrQZ91ROXbIlpkZFKp0GE4_AcaIXOuD4QosfmrQL3BJXO39dtJerXBqu1BcKDv_u_MEkTvZ2GLEBF7BdZuewPW.GMDhheG_N79nFZTJNN8ErpRaIIn5RGZCPPvr.TkkAyquFd_yO9WBeP_gG3cB_8R_jZzz2jJMJUO0fTXkd0BZy9uxYlK6wofSs3._l0058ZlGXUxGppauFBs6B99p3nydpfs97F6rK3l_rKhnhBjlWpvUQa67NNttwmbSYeZ3AUjPsXS7s6NEfbwTR9UP1EAicQ84sHo.AmKi6AWICQGVE_PCAOEcjxGg4AS1_QYDG0W5RnN0w0.Q.q3TptL4mS1G5sGNY0zwBfkXar6m0CTiy5KJo.eyBWMhI3g3hgY9MMjZV4J.exaFj2P1IzsqygTCW36SEWVyHmRObViQwx1WG.UVAfjZ4s96KsXjMLBdhaqslrJ2GjmTX3yHVnzmexcIhuUJY.er9xHfcRHQvgP_1wt1b9F5GrdCK.e5OhRSyWf9s96WcATSflhHMXzRjsgJx32ZlcFP6l5..qxTkmcyygbt6brpdUlCM.PY.dl29b.DuHf0vIg2Z0dM9Gq373NhGWlFQLXwNh_uvyDG4jRE1Uao.83dfYxxVFJymHiXgX0cYf7oVlh406k_7Ebpr.yqHrSeGUv8zdtVlXjCu3hNhofT9Bd0eTBJPQmw6PAbLIlGOG0I7t2Csx3kWUNN2mi9sQ4BfAEADy8emuGx9VPGId15FeZ02QJVp1CSX9mAe.WrzvBxGzvsAWm_PAFqG8of_9XTGqkEjtlR_EwatRXMYtmVZdxpzjXZJPF1nSbFJwonwotqMLchziOaWjVppGbFmyhNiUgcWjJZKtm5PKzVzru4HkbTu45TSpENXGZQ01OP1BGQjEl3G.pNb42uevy.UJQ8JyLnhSS.Mn7qMpBaWepbDFdHH0R7cNENxgGcjy0i3NV4YT3X6vpu4YnK5oGy3Cgt7Z6oDFZQxcEtOd6pRSVgJAXIk4RM5q0T120fMQPkwx3Tu7b40o4hDqMiFjq0I6mmitWstXPHBqflfANqMJUjPWvFdthhDv_Kw1NyhCqJC24PZPj.MbVxFUKm7cpcy0zN6ncKtDtWs2QOmUcCvFAxkdYqK2WBVYVvBF.P71rI.ipfbF14k23udd1Ci8mcVMH87wQYoCpF0kTipfN_VELfPZSYwxTphCX2RzmDzOR0Ta8WtrnEe491jCBsDzhY82AunTn5Plta76cm9YoVSSk03OcImlNN8PbFQH.8Dy7W8bsn2u_WWrngKLhzOzKEvvEkd.7Iawf1HI3mYZRVPMyHICEeNHcOb.zQAEg28vu2tiH.l7lK7nawGNz8dgtfMkNU7haQ8yqaY7oR3myqeMX5RP6uVQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91347553b9e9fe05';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Sulasmi%20Sudirman&__cf_chl_rt_tk=QXuv4v6uhPk_YD51KH7o_I49FaKaHgA_R3xQCjcrc9w-1739781476-1.0.1.1-FBvn4q06axsn5ZGpC.hasgIbHWMv1YSCSldOnADhsgA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>