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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Play written by Howard Sackler</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Great_White_Hope_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Great White Hope (disambiguation)">Great White Hope (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-style: italic">The Great White Hope</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GreatWhiteHopePlay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/87/GreatWhiteHopePlay.jpg/220px-GreatWhiteHopePlay.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/87/GreatWhiteHopePlay.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="383" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Book cover of the play</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data description"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Sackler" title="Howard Sackler">Howard Sackler</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Characters</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Jack Jefferson</li><li>Eleanor Bachman</li><li>Goldie</li><li>Tick</li><li>Pop Weaver</li><li>Dixon</li><li>Clara</li><li>Cap'n Dan</li><li>Al Cameron</li><li>Mama Tiny</li><li>Scipio</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Date premiered</th><td class="infobox-data">1967</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Place premiered</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arena_Stage" title="Arena Stage">Arena Stage</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Subject</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Pugilism</a>; <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data">Drama</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Setting</th><td class="infobox-data">years before and during WWI</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>The Great White Hope</b></i> is a 1967 <a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">play</a> written by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Sackler" title="Howard Sackler">Howard Sackler</a>, later adapted in 1970 for a <a href="/wiki/The_Great_White_Hope_(film)" title="The Great White Hope (film)">film of the same name</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The play was first produced by <a href="/wiki/Arena_Stage" title="Arena Stage">Arena Stage</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, and debuted on <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Alvin Theatre">Alvin Theatre</a> in October 1968, directed by <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Sherin" title="Edwin Sherin">Edwin Sherin</a> with <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jane_Alexander" title="Jane Alexander">Jane Alexander</a> in the lead roles. The play won the 1969 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Award</a> for Best Play and the 1969 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama" title="Pulitzer Prize for Drama">Pulitzer Prize for Drama</a>. Subsequent touring companies of the play featured <a href="/wiki/Brock_Peters" title="Brock Peters">Brock Peters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claudette_Nevins" title="Claudette Nevins">Claudette Nevins</a> in the lead roles. </p><p>The play is based on the true story of <a href="/wiki/Jack_Johnson_(boxer)" title="Jack Johnson (boxer)">Jack Johnson</a> (fictionalized under the character name "Jack Jefferson") and his <a href="/wiki/Jack_Johnson_vs._James_J._Jeffries" title="Jack Johnson vs. James J. Jeffries">fight against Jim Jeffries</a>, and also covers the controversy over his marriage to first wife, Etta Terry Duryea, and Duryea's death by suicide in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the play is often described as being thematically about <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racism</a>, this is not how Sackler viewed his work. Though not denying the racist issues confronted in the play, Sackler once said in an interview, "What interested me was not the topicality but the combination of circumstances, the destiny of a man pitted against society. It's a metaphor of struggle between man and the outside world. Some people spoke of the play as if it were a cliché of white liberalism, but I kept to the line straight through, of showing that it wasn't a case of blacks being good and whites being bad. I was appalled at the first reaction."<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a comment, reflecting on both the racist theme dealt with in the play and Sackler's notion that the play is about a man fighting society, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a>, greatly impressed with <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a>' performance in the play, reportedly commented to the actor, "Hey! This play is about me! Take out the interracial love stuff and Jack Johnson is the original me!"<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He added, "You just change the time, date and the details and it's about me!"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ali was fighting being drafted into the Army at the time on grounds of being a <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Productions">Productions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Productions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>The Great White Hope</i> premiered at the Arena Stage in December 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The initial production at Arena Stage, paid for in part by two grants from the <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">National Endowment for the Arts</a>, was so well-received that the entire original cast, including <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jane_Alexander" title="Jane Alexander">Jane Alexander</a>, moved to Broadway.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first time the cast of a regional theater production was brought to Broadway.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The play opened on Broadway on October 3, 1968, and closed on January 31, 1970, after 546 performances.<sup id="cite_ref-vault_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vault-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using proceeds from his screenwriting contract, Sackler substantially funded the Broadway production by investing a reported US$225,000.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to winning the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, Jones won the 1969 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Actor_in_a_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play">Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play</a> and Alexander won the 1969 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Featured_Actress_in_a_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play">Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Drama_Desk_Award" title="Drama Desk Award">Drama Desk Award</a> for each, for their respective portrayals of Jack Jefferson and Eleanor Bachman.<sup id="cite_ref-vault_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vault-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ibdb_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibdb-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A recording of the production was released by <a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton_Records" title="Tetragrammaton Records">Tetragrammaton Records</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yaphet_Kotto" title="Yaphet Kotto">Yaphet Kotto</a> replaced Jones<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Tucci" title="Maria Tucci">Maria Tucci</a> replaced Alexander on September 8, 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2000, Arena Stage mounted a new production of <i>The Great White Hope</i> in honor of the theater's 50th season.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_adaptation">Film adaptation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Film adaptation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Great_White_Hope_(film)" title="The Great White Hope (film)">The Great White Hope (film)</a></div> <p><i>The Great White Hope</i> was adapted by Sackler for a film released in 1970, directed by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ritt" title="Martin Ritt">Martin Ritt</a>, starring <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Alexander" title="Jane Alexander">Jane Alexander</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chester_Morris" title="Chester Morris">Chester Morris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hal_Holbrook" title="Hal Holbrook">Hal Holbrook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beah_Richards" title="Beah Richards">Beah Richards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moses_Gunn" title="Moses Gunn">Moses Gunn</a>. Jones and Alexander, who both had starred in the theatrical version, each received best actor <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> nominations for their performances. The Oscars for their categories were ultimately presented to <a href="/wiki/George_C._Scott" title="George C. Scott">George C. Scott</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Patton_(film)" title="Patton (film)">Patton</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Glenda_Jackson" title="Glenda Jackson">Glenda Jackson</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Love_(1969_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Women in Love (1969 film)">Women in Love</a>.</i> </p><p>In the movie, the role of "the Kid," or the "great white hope," was played by professional heavyweight boxer James J. Beattie (6'9", 240 pounds), the #10-ranked world heavyweight contender and an Ali sparring partner. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id=""The_Great_White_Hope""><span id=".22The_Great_White_Hope.22"></span>"The Great White Hope"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: "The Great White Hope""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term, "the great white hope," reflects the racism and segregation of the era in which Jack Johnson fought. Johnson, the first <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> to hold the World <a href="/wiki/Heavyweight" title="Heavyweight">Heavyweight</a> Championship title, was one of the best fighters of his generation. Yet, white reaction against Johnson's win and his very public relationships with white women was so strong that, in 1912, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>, concerned that film scenes of Johnson pummeling white boxers would cause race riots, passed a law making it illegal to transport prizefight films across state lines.<sup id="cite_ref-time_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The great white hope" is a reference to the white boxer who many white people hoped would finally defeat Johnson. </p><p><a href="/wiki/William_Warren_Barbour" class="mw-redirect" title="William Warren Barbour">William Warren Barbour</a>, who won the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> amateur heavyweight championship in 1910 and 1911, respectively, was <a href="/wiki/James_J._Corbett" title="James J. Corbett">"Gentleman Jim" Corbett</a>'s choice to be "the great white hope," but Barbour declined to take up the mantle. Some 30 years later, it was Barbour who, as U.S. Senator (R) from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> in 1940, worked successfully to repeal the 1912 law prohibiting interstate transportation of boxing film footage.<sup id="cite_ref-time_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About 30 years after that, William Warren Barbour's nephew, Thomas Barbour, played four small parts, including Sir William Griswald, in the Broadway production of <i>The Great White Hope.</i><sup id="cite_ref-ibdb_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibdb-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first "great white hope" boxer to accept the challenge was <a href="/wiki/James_J._Jeffries" title="James J. Jeffries">Jim Jeffries</a>, who came out of retirement to fight Johnson unsuccessfully in 1910. Johnson's title was eventually lost to <a href="/wiki/Jess_Willard" title="Jess Willard">Jess Willard</a>, a white boxer, in 1915. There was some controversy surrounding Willard's win, with Johnson claiming he threw the fight. In part because of white animosity toward Johnson, it was 20 years before another African American boxer was allowed to contend for the world professional heavyweight title. In 1937, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a> defeated <a href="/wiki/James_J._Braddock" title="James J. Braddock">James J. Braddock</a>, "The Cinderella Man," to become the second African-American boxer to hold the world heavyweight championship title.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_nominations">Awards and nominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and nominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama" title="Pulitzer Prize for Drama">Pulitzer Prize for Drama</a></li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Play">Tony Award for Best Play</a> (Winner)</li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Actor_in_a_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play">Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (Winner)</li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Featured_Actress_in_a_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play">Tony Award for Actress, Supporting or Featured (Dramatic)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Alexander" title="Jane Alexander">Jane Alexander</a> (Winner)</li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/New_York_Drama_Critics%27_Circle" title="New York Drama Critics' Circle">New York Drama Critics' Circle</a> Award for Best Play (Winner)</li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Drama_Desk_Award_for_Outstanding_Director" title="Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director">Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director</a>, Edwin Sherin (Winner)</li> <li>1969 Drama Desk Award Outstanding Performance, <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (Winner)</li> <li>1969 Drama Desk Award Outstanding Performance, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Alexander" title="Jane Alexander">Jane Alexander</a> (Winner)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFClive_Barnes1968" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Clive_Barnes" title="Clive Barnes">Clive Barnes</a> (October 4, 1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/theater/76934977.pdf">"Theater: Howard Sackler's 'Great White Hope'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Theater%3A+Howard+Sackler%27s+%27Great+White+Hope%27&rft.date=1968-10-04&rft.au=Clive+Barnes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fpackages%2Fpdf%2Ftheater%2F76934977.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincent_Canby1970" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a> (October 12, 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9804E5D91E3EE034BC4A52DFB667838B669EDE">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Great White Hope' Brought to Screen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Great+White+Hope%27+Brought+to+Screen&rft.date=1970-10-12&rft.au=Vincent+Canby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9804E5D91E3EE034BC4A52DFB667838B669EDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/unforgivableblackness/knockout/women.html">Unforgivable Blackness</a> Retrieved May 11, 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawson1982" class="citation news cs1">Lawson, Carol (October 15, 1982). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Great+White+Hope%27+Brought+to+Screen&rft.date=1970-10-12&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Canby&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F10%2F12%2Farchives%2Fgreat-white-hope-brought-to-screen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pbs-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/unforgivableblackness/ghost">"Ghost in the House: Jack Johnson's Legacy"</a>. PBS. January 11, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ghost+in+the+House%3A+Jack+Johnson%27s+Legacy&rft.pub=PBS&rft.date=2005-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Funforgivableblackness%2Fghost&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arenastage.org/about/history/1960s/1960-1961">"Arena Stage History, see 1967-68"</a> arenastage.org, accessed September 15, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Great White Hope' Will Open On Oct. 3", <i>The New York Times</i>, May 10, 1968, p.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barnes, Clive. "Theater: 'White Hope' Tale of Modern Othello, Opens in Capital: Howard Sackler's Play Given at Arena Stage Jack Johnson Depicted as a Tragic Hero", <i>The New York Times</i>, December 14, 1967, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0362-4331">0362-4331</a>, p.57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090711215450/http://www.nea.gov/about/40th/greatwh.html">"Arena Stage Takes a Risk on The Great White Hope"</a>. National Endowment for the Arts. February 2, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nea.gov/about/40th/greatwh.html">the original</a> on July 11, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arena+Stage+Takes+a+Risk+on+The+Great+White+Hope&rft.pub=National+Endowment+for+the+Arts&rft.date=2007-02-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nea.gov%2Fabout%2F40th%2Fgreatwh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vault-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vault_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vault_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/886/The-Great-White-Hope">"'The Great White Hope' Broadway"</a> playbillvault.com, accessed September 15, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ibdb-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ibdb_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ibdb_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=3417">"The Great White Hope"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Great+White+Hope&rft.pub=Internet+Broadway+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibdb.com%2Fproduction.php%3Fid%3D3417&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbillvault.com/Person/Detail/31556/Yaphet-Kotto">"Yaphet Kotto Broadway"</a> playbillvault.com, accessed September 15, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbillvault.com/Person/Detail/43195/Maria-Tucci">"Maria Tucci Broadway"</a> playbillvault.com, accessed September 15, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-time-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-time_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-time_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070310233033/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,777399,00.html">"Boxer's Triumph"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. July 15, 1940. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,777399,00.html">the original</a> on March 10, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Boxer%27s+Triumph&rft.date=1940-07-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C777399%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSackler1968" class="citation book cs1">Sackler, Howard (1968). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greatwhitehopepl00sack"><i>The Great White Hope, A Play</i></a></span>. New York, NY: The Dial Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/451597">451597</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+White+Hope%2C+A+Play&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=The+Dial+Press&rft.date=1968&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F451597&rft.aulast=Sackler&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreatwhitehopepl00sack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Great+White+Hope" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Great_White_Hope&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-show/4084"><i>The Great White Hope</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/3417"><i>The Great White Hope</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0065797/"><i>The Great White Hope</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1218542#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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<li><i><a href="/wiki/Hell-Bent_Fer_Heaven" title="Hell-Bent Fer Heaven">Hell-Bent Fer Heaven</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_Knew_What_They_Wanted_(play)" title="They Knew What They Wanted (play)">They Knew What They Wanted</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Craig%27s_Wife" title="Craig's Wife">Craig's Wife</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Abraham%27s_Bosom" title="In Abraham's Bosom">In Abraham's Bosom</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Interlude" title="Strange Interlude">Strange Interlude</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Street_Scene_(play)" title="Street Scene (play)">Street Scene</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Pastures" title="The Green Pastures">The Green Pastures</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alison%27s_House" title="Alison's House">Alison's House</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Of_Thee_I_Sing" title="Of Thee I Sing">Of Thee I Sing</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Both_Your_Houses" title="Both Your Houses">Both Your Houses</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Men_in_White_(play)" title="Men in White (play)">Men in White</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Maid_(play)" title="The Old Maid (play)">The Old Maid</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idiot%27s_Delight_(play)" title="Idiot's Delight (play)">Idiot's Delight</a></i> (1936)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Take_It_with_You_(play)" title="You Can't Take It with You (play)">You Can't Take It with You</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Town" title="Our Town">Our Town</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abe_Lincoln_in_Illinois_(play)" title="Abe Lincoln in Illinois (play)">Abe Lincoln in Illinois</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Time_of_Your_Life" title="The Time of Your Life">The Time of Your Life</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/There_Shall_Be_No_Night" title="There Shall Be No Night">There Shall Be No Night</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Skin_of_Our_Teeth" title="The Skin of Our Teeth">The Skin of Our Teeth</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvey_(play)" title="Harvey (play)">Harvey</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union_(play)" title="State of the Union (play)">State of the Union</a></i> (1946)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Streetcar_Named_Desire" title="A Streetcar Named Desire">A Streetcar Named Desire</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a></i> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png/60px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png/90px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png/120px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_obverse.png 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="1110" /></a></span><br /><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png/60px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png/90px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png/120px-Pulitzer_Medal_-_reverse.png 2x" data-file-width="1115" data-file-height="1101" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrike_(play)" title="The Shrike (play)">The Shrike</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picnic_(play)" title="Picnic (play)">Picnic</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Teahouse_of_the_August_Moon_(play)" title="The Teahouse of the August Moon (play)">The Teahouse of the August Moon</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cat_on_a_Hot_Tin_Roof" title="Cat on a Hot Tin Roof">Cat on a Hot Tin Roof</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frank_(play)" title="The Diary of Anne Frank (play)">The Diary of Anne Frank</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Long_Day%27s_Journey_into_Night" title="Long Day's Journey into Night">Long Day's Journey into Night</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Look_Homeward,_Angel_(play)" title="Look Homeward, Angel (play)">Look Homeward, Angel</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J.B._(play)" title="J.B. (play)">J.B.</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiorello!" title="Fiorello!">Fiorello!</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Way_Home_(play)" title="All the Way Home (play)">All the Way Home</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Succeed_in_Business_Without_Really_Trying_(musical)" title="How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (musical)">How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Subject_Was_Roses" title="The Subject Was Roses">The Subject Was Roses</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Delicate_Balance_(play)" title="A Delicate Balance (play)">A Delicate Balance</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Great White Hope</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Place_to_Be_Somebody" title="No Place to Be Somebody">No Place to Be Somebody</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Effect_of_Gamma_Rays_on_Man-in-the-Moon_Marigolds" title="The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds">The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/That_Championship_Season" title="That Championship Season">That Championship Season</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seascape_(play)" title="Seascape (play)">Seascape</a></i> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line" title="A Chorus Line">A Chorus Line</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_Box" title="The Shadow Box">The Shadow Box</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gin_Game" title="The Gin Game">The Gin Game</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buried_Child" title="Buried Child">Buried Child</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Talley%27s_Folly" title="Talley's Folly">Talley's Folly</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Heart" title="Crimes of the Heart">Crimes of the Heart</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Soldier%27s_Play" title="A Soldier's Play">A Soldier's Play</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%27night,_Mother" title="'night, Mother">'night, Mother</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glengarry_Glen_Ross" title="Glengarry Glen Ross">Glengarry Glen Ross</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_in_the_Park_with_George" title="Sunday in the Park with George">Sunday in the Park with George</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fences_(play)" title="Fences (play)">Fences</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Driving_Miss_Daisy_(play)" title="Driving Miss Daisy (play)">Driving Miss Daisy</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Heidi_Chronicles" title="The Heidi Chronicles">The Heidi Chronicles</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Piano_Lesson" title="The Piano Lesson">The Piano Lesson</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Yonkers" title="Lost in Yonkers">Lost in Yonkers</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kentucky_Cycle" title="The Kentucky Cycle">The Kentucky Cycle</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_America" title="Angels in America">Angels in America: Millennium Approaches</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Tall_Women" title="Three Tall Women">Three Tall Women</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Man_from_Atlanta" title="The Young Man from Atlanta">The Young Man from Atlanta</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rent_(musical)" title="Rent (musical)">Rent</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_I_Learned_to_Drive" title="How I Learned to Drive">How I Learned to Drive</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wit_(play)" title="Wit (play)">Wit</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dinner_with_Friends" title="Dinner with Friends">Dinner with Friends</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–2025</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Proof_(play)" title="Proof (play)">Proof</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Topdog/Underdog" title="Topdog/Underdog">Topdog/Underdog</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anna_in_the_Tropics" title="Anna in the Tropics">Anna in the Tropics</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_My_Own_Wife" title="I Am My Own Wife">I Am My Own Wife</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doubt:_A_Parable" title="Doubt: A Parable">Doubt: A Parable</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_Hole_(play)" title="Rabbit Hole (play)">Rabbit Hole</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/August:_Osage_County" title="August: Osage County">August: Osage County</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ruined_(play)" title="Ruined (play)">Ruined</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Next_to_Normal" title="Next to Normal">Next to Normal</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clybourne_Park" title="Clybourne Park">Clybourne Park</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Water_by_the_Spoonful" title="Water by the Spoonful">Water by the Spoonful</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Disgraced" title="Disgraced">Disgraced</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Flick" title="The Flick">The Flick</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Between_Riverside_and_Crazy" title="Between Riverside and Crazy">Between Riverside and Crazy</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweat_(play)" title="Sweat (play)">Sweat</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cost_of_Living_(play)" title="Cost of Living (play)">Cost of Living</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fairview_(play)" title="Fairview (play)">Fairview</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Strange_Loop" title="A Strange Loop">A Strange Loop</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hot_Wing_King" title="The Hot Wing King">The Hot Wing King</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fat_Ham" title="Fat Ham">Fat Ham</a></i> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/English_(play)" title="English (play)">English</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primary_Trust" title="Primary Trust">Primary Trust</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tony_Award_for_Best_Play" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TonyAward_Play" title="Template:TonyAward Play"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TonyAward_Play" title="Template talk:TonyAward Play"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_Play" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward Play"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Play" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Play" title="Tony Award for Best Play">Tony Award for Best Play</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1948–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mister_Roberts_(play)" title="Mister Roberts (play)">Mister Roberts</a></i> (1948)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cocktail_Party" title="The Cocktail Party">The Cocktail Party</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rose_Tattoo" title="The Rose Tattoo">The Rose Tattoo</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fourposter" title="The Fourposter">The Fourposter</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crucible" title="The Crucible">The Crucible</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Teahouse_of_the_August_Moon_(play)" title="The Teahouse of the August Moon (play)">The Teahouse of the August Moon</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Desperate_Hours_(play)" title="The Desperate Hours (play)">The Desperate Hours</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diary_of_Anne_Frank_(play)" title="The Diary of Anne Frank (play)">The Diary of Anne Frank</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Long_Day%27s_Journey_into_Night" title="Long Day's Journey into Night">Long Day's Journey into Night</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_at_Campobello_(play)" title="Sunrise at Campobello (play)">Sunrise at Campobello</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J.B._(play)" title="J.B. (play)">J.B.</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Miracle_Worker_(play)" title="The Miracle Worker (play)">The Miracle Worker</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Becket" title="Becket">Becket</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Man_for_All_Seasons_(play)" title="A Man for All Seasons (play)">A Man for All Seasons</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Afraid_of_Virginia_Woolf%3F" title="Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?">Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luther_(play)" title="Luther (play)">Luther</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Subject_Was_Roses" title="The Subject Was Roses">The Subject Was Roses</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marat/Sade" title="Marat/Sade">Marat/Sade</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Homecoming" title="The Homecoming">The Homecoming</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosencrantz_and_Guildenstern_Are_Dead" title="Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead">Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Great White Hope</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Borstal_Boy_(play)" title="Borstal Boy (play)">Borstal Boy</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sleuth_(play)" title="Sleuth (play)">Sleuth</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sticks_and_Bones" title="Sticks and Bones">Sticks and Bones</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/That_Championship_Season" title="That Championship Season">That Championship Season</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_River_Niger" title="The River Niger">The River Niger</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Equus_(play)" title="Equus (play)">Equus</a></i> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Travesties" title="Travesties">Travesties</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_Box" title="The Shadow Box">The Shadow Box</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Da_(play)" title="Da (play)">Da</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Elephant_Man_(play)" title="The Elephant Man (play)">The Elephant Man</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Children_of_a_Lesser_God_(play)" title="Children of a Lesser God (play)">Children of a Lesser God</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_(play)" title="Amadeus (play)">Amadeus</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Life_and_Adventures_of_Nicholas_Nickleby_(play)" title="The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (play)">The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Torch_Song_Trilogy" title="Torch Song Trilogy">Torch Song Trilogy</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Real_Thing_(play)" title="The Real Thing (play)">The Real Thing</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Biloxi_Blues" title="Biloxi Blues">Biloxi Blues</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Rappaport" title="I'm Not Rappaport">I'm Not Rappaport</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fences_(play)" title="Fences (play)">Fences</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M._Butterfly" title="M. Butterfly">M. Butterfly</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Heidi_Chronicles" title="The Heidi Chronicles">The Heidi Chronicles</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Grapes_of_Wrath_(play)" title="The Grapes of Wrath (play)">The Grapes of Wrath</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Yonkers" title="Lost in Yonkers">Lost in Yonkers</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dancing_at_Lughnasa" title="Dancing at Lughnasa">Dancing at Lughnasa</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_America" title="Angels in America">Angels in America: Millennium Approaches</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_America" title="Angels in America">Angels in America: Perestroika</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love!_Valour!_Compassion!" title="Love! Valour! Compassion!">Love! Valour! Compassion!</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Master_Class" title="Master Class">Master Class</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Night_of_Ballyhoo" title="The Last Night of Ballyhoo">The Last Night of Ballyhoo</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Art_(play)" title="Art (play)">'Art'</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Side_Man" title="Side Man">Side Man</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_(play)" title="Copenhagen (play)">Copenhagen</a></i> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Proof_(play)" title="Proof (play)">Proof</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Goat,_or_Who_Is_Sylvia%3F" title="The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?">The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Out_(play)" title="Take Me Out (play)">Take Me Out</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_My_Own_Wife" title="I Am My Own Wife">I Am My Own Wife</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doubt:_A_Parable" title="Doubt: A Parable">Doubt: A Parable</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_Boys" title="The History Boys">The History Boys</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coast_of_Utopia" title="The Coast of Utopia">The Coast of Utopia</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/August:_Osage_County" title="August: Osage County">August: Osage County</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/God_of_Carnage" title="God of Carnage">God of Carnage</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_(play)" title="Red (play)">Red</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_Horse_(play)" title="War Horse (play)">War Horse</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clybourne_Park" title="Clybourne Park">Clybourne Park</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vanya_and_Sonia_and_Masha_and_Spike" title="Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike">Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_the_Way_(play)" title="All the Way (play)">All the Way</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Curious_Incident_of_the_Dog_in_the_Night-Time_(play)" title="The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time (play)">The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Humans_(play)" title="The Humans (play)">The Humans</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oslo_(play)" title="Oslo (play)">Oslo</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Cursed_Child" title="Harry Potter and the Cursed Child">Harry Potter and the Cursed Child</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ferryman_(play)" title="The Ferryman (play)">The Ferryman</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Inheritance_(play)" title="The Inheritance (play)">The Inheritance</a></i> (2020/21)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lehman_Trilogy" title="The Lehman Trilogy">The Lehman Trilogy</a></i> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leopoldstadt_(play)" title="Leopoldstadt (play)">Leopoldstadt</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stereophonic_(play)" title="Stereophonic (play)">Stereophonic</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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