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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rolul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Rolul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rolul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uniforma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniforma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Uniforma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uniforma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motto-ul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motto-ul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Motto-ul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motto-ul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cazul_Estermann" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cazul_Estermann"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cazul Estermann</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cazul_Estermann-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Garda Elvețiană Pontificală</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 58 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4pstliche_Schweizergarde" title="Päpstliche Schweizergarde – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Päpstliche Schweizergarde" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="الحرس السويسري – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحرس السويسري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardia_Suiza_Pontificia" title="Guardia Suiza Pontificia – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guardia Suiza Pontificia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7r%C9%99_qvardiyas%C4%B1" title="İsveçrə qvardiyası – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İsveçrə qvardiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Папская швейцарская гвардыя – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Папская швейцарская гвардыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Папская швайцарская гвардыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Папская швайцарская гвардыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="Швейцарска гвардия (Ватикан) – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Швейцарска гвардия (Ватикан)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1" title="সুইস গার্ড – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুইস গার্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska_garda" title="Švicarska garda – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Švicarska garda" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A0rdia_su%C3%AFssa" title="Guàrdia suïssa – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guàrdia suïssa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%BDcarsk%C3%A1_garda" title="Švýcarská garda – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Švýcarská garda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweizergarden" title="Schweizergarden – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Schweizergarden" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4pstliche_Schweizergarde" title="Päpstliche Schweizergarde – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Päpstliche Schweizergarde" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC" title="Ελβετική Φρουρά – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελβετική Φρουρά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Swiss Guard" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svisa_Gvardio" title="Svisa Gvardio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Svisa Gvardio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardia_Suiza_Pontificia" title="Guardia Suiza Pontificia – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guardia Suiza Pontificia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitzar_Guardia" title="Suitzar Guardia – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suitzar Guardia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="گارد سوئیسی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گارد سوئیسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveitsil%C3%A4iskaarti" title="Sveitsiläiskaarti – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sveitsiläiskaarti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garde_suisse_pontificale" title="Garde suisse pontificale – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Garde suisse pontificale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gou%C3%A2rda_suisse_pontific%C3%A2la" title="Gouârda suisse pontificâla – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Gouârda suisse pontificâla" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switserske_Garde" title="Switserske Garde – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Switserske Garde" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garda_Su%C3%ADza_Pontificia" title="Garda Suíza Pontificia – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Garda Suíza Pontificia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%99" title="המשמר השווייצרי – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המשמר השווייצרי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska_garda" title="Švicarska garda – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Švicarska garda" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A1jci_G%C3%A1rda" title="Svájci Gárda – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Svájci Gárda" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%B5%D6%81%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Շվեյցարական գվարդիա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շվեյցարական գվարդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garda_Swiss" title="Garda Swiss – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Garda Swiss" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardia_svizzera_pontificia" title="Guardia svizzera pontificia – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guardia svizzera pontificia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%81%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E8%A1%9B%E5%85%B5" title="バチカンのスイス衛兵 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バチカンのスイス衛兵" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9C%84%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B7%BC%EC%9C%84%EB%8C%80" title="스위스 근위대 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스위스 근위대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontificia_Cohors_Helvetiorum" title="Pontificia Cohors Helvetiorum – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pontificia Cohors Helvetiorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatik%C4%81na_gvarde" title="Vatikāna gvarde – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vatikāna gvarde" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Швајцарска гарда – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Швајцарска гарда" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="സ്വിസ് ഗാർഡ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്വിസ് ഗാർഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengawal_Swiss" title="Pengawal Swiss – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pengawal Swiss" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwitserse_Garde" title="Zwitserse Garde – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwitserse Garde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveitsargarden" title="Sveitsargarden – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sveitsargarden" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveitsergarden" title="Sveitsergarden – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sveitsergarden" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwardia_Szwajcarska" title="Gwardia Szwajcarska – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gwardia Szwajcarska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarda_Su%C3%AD%C3%A7a" title="Guarda Suíça – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guarda Suíça" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardia_svizra_papala" title="Guardia svizra papala – romanșă" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Guardia svizra papala" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanșă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Швейцарская гвардия – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Швейцарская гвардия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guardia_Svizzira" title="Guardia Svizzira – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Guardia Svizzira" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Gaird" title="Swiss Gaird – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Swiss Gaird" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska_garda" title="Švicarska garda – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Švicarska garda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vaj%C4%8Diarska_garda" title="Švajčiarska garda – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Švajčiarska garda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vicarska_garda" title="Švicarska garda – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Švicarska garda" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garda_Zvicerane" title="Garda Zvicerane – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Garda Zvicerane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Швајцарска гарда – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Швајцарска гарда" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweizergardet" title="Schweizergardet – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Schweizergardet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walinzi_Waswisi" title="Walinzi Waswisi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Walinzi Waswisi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0svi%C3%A7reli_Muhaf%C4%B1zlar" title="İsviçreli Muhafızlar – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İsviçreli Muhafızlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Швейцарська гвардія – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Швейцарська гвардія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%87_binh_Th%E1%BB%A5y_S%C4%A9" title="Vệ binh Thụy Sĩ – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vệ binh Thụy Sĩ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwardya_Swisa" title="Gwardya Swisa – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gwardya Swisa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%BA%A7%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E8%BF%91%E8%A1%9B%E9%9A%8A" title="宗座瑞士近衛隊 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="宗座瑞士近衛隊" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q171504#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br /> Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Pontifical_Swiss_Guards_in_their_traditional_uniform.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Pontifical_Swiss_Guards_in_their_traditional_uniform.jpg/220px-Pontifical_Swiss_Guards_in_their_traditional_uniform.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Pontifical_Swiss_Guards_in_their_traditional_uniform.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>Garda Elveţiană Pontificală<br />Soldatul din stânga este înarmat cu o <a href="/wiki/Halebard%C4%83" title="Halebardă">halebardă</a>, iar cel din dreapta, cu o <a href="/wiki/Spad%C4%83" title="Spadă">spadă</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Guardiesvizzere2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Guardiesvizzere2.jpg/220px-Guardiesvizzere2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Guardiesvizzere2.jpg/330px-Guardiesvizzere2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Guardiesvizzere2.jpg/440px-Guardiesvizzere2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Garda Elveţiană Pontificală (detaliu)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Garda Elvețienă Pontificală</b> este un <a href="/wiki/For%C8%9Be_armate" title="Forțe armate">corp militar</a> aflat în serviciul <a href="/wiki/Papa" class="mw-redirect" title="Papa">papei</a> din <a href="/wiki/1506" title="1506">1506</a>. În data de <a href="/wiki/22_ianuarie" title="22 ianuarie">22 ianuarie</a> a acelui an, un grup de 150 de <a href="/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia" title="Elveția">elvețieni</a> din <a href="/wiki/Cantonul_Uri" title="Cantonul Uri">Cantonul Uri</a>, aflați în serviciul <a href="/wiki/Papa_Iulius_al_II-lea" title="Papa Iulius al II-lea">papei Iulius al II-lea</a>, au defilat pentru prima oară prin Roma, intrând prin <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piazza_del_Popolo" class="extiw" title="en:Piazza del Popolo">Porta del Popolo</a> sub comanda căpitanului <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaspar_von_Silenen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaspar von Silenen — pagină inexistentă">Kaspar von Silenen</a>. Un acord ce prevedea recrutarea de mercenari elvețieni pentru acest serviciu fusese încheiat încă din anul <a href="/wiki/1479" title="1479">1479</a> între <a href="/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia" title="Elveția">confederația elvețiană</a> și <a href="/wiki/Papa_Sixt_al_IV-lea" title="Papa Sixt al IV-lea">Papa Sixt al IV-lea</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rolul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale"><span id="Rolul_G.C4.83rzii_Elve.C8.9Biene_Pontificale"></span>Rolul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Rolul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Rolul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Garda Elvețiană a fost angajată în principal pentru serviciul de pază al papei, participând însă și la numeroase lupte. Dintre acestea merită amintită, în primul rând, confruntarea armată din <a href="/wiki/6_mai" title="6 mai">6 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1527" title="1527">1527</a> din timpul jefuirii Romei (așa numitul „<a href="/wiki/Sacco_di_Roma" title="Sacco di Roma">Sacco di Roma</a>”, 1527) de către trupele contestatarului duce de Bourbon, sacrificiul Gărzilor Elvețiene permițând papei <a href="/wiki/Papa_Clement_al_VII-lea" title="Papa Clement al VII-lea">Clement al VII-lea</a> să-și salveze viața. Din 189 elvețieni au scăpat atunci cu viață numai 42, mai precis cei care, în ultimul moment, l-au însoțit pe pontif în fuga sa de-a lungul Pasajului Borgo (Borgo, cartier al Romei), pasaj ce leagă Vaticanul de Castelul Sant'Angelo. O lună mai târziu, pe <a href="/wiki/5_iunie" title="5 iunie">5 iunie</a>, Clement al VII-lea s-a predat. </p><p>După cucerirea Romei de către trupele <a href="/wiki/Regatul_Italiei" class="mw-disambig" title="Regatul Italiei">Regatului Italiei</a> în <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a>, gărzile elvețiene au fost însărcinate doar cu protecția personală a Papei. În <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papa_Pius_al_X-lea" title="Papa Pius al X-lea">Papa Pius al X-lea</a> a stabilit numărul de soldați care alcătuiesc acest corp special la 100, plus 6 ofițeri (inclusiv comandantul gărzii). </p><p>În prezent, Garda Elvețiană se ocupă de siguranța papei și a <a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican">Statului Vatican</a>, supraveghind apartamentele palatului papal și menținând ordinea pe timpul ceremoniilor religioase. </p><p>Apartenența la Garda Elvețiană cere: </p> <ul><li>sex masculin;</li> <li>cetățenie elvețiană;</li> <li>religie <a href="/wiki/Catolic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catolic">catolică</a>;</li> <li>satisfacerea stagiului militar în armata elvețiană, încheiat cu obținerea unui „certificat de bună purtare”;</li> <li>vârsta între 19 și 30 de ani;</li> <li>înălțimea peste 174 centimetri;</li> <li>celibatar (căsătoria este admisă numai de la gradul de caporal în sus).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uniforma">Uniforma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Uniforma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Uniforma"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Swiss_Guardsman_in_regular_duty_uniform.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Swiss_Guardsman_in_regular_duty_uniform.jpg/220px-Swiss_Guardsman_in_regular_duty_uniform.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Swiss_Guardsman_in_regular_duty_uniform.jpg/330px-Swiss_Guardsman_in_regular_duty_uniform.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Swiss_Guardsman_in_regular_duty_uniform.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="670" /></a><figcaption>Un membru al Gărzii în uniforma de lucru</figcaption></figure> <p>Uniforma oficială a Gărzii Elvețiene, în stilul <a href="/wiki/Rena%C8%99tere" class="mw-redirect" title="Renaștere">epocii Renascentiste</a>, asociază culorile albastru, roșu și portocaliu. Se spune că această uniformă ar fi fost creată după un desen-proiect al lui <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a>; bineînțeles, această origine este legendară, știindu-se precis că actuala uniformă a fost concepută de Comandantul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules_Repond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jules Repond — pagină inexistentă">Jules Repond</a> în <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>, care s-a inspirat, pe câte se pare, din picturile lui <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a>. </p><p>Acest corp de armată dispune și de o uniformă de lucru, mai comodă decât cea oficială de protocol: această uniformă de lucru constă din pantaloni și bluză de culoare albastră precum și dintr-o beretă de culoare neagră (cum se poate vedea în imaginea alăturată). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motto-ul_Gărzii_Elvețiene_Pontificale"><span id="Motto-ul_G.C4.83rzii_Elve.C8.9Biene_Pontificale"></span>Motto-ul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Motto-ul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Motto-ul Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Acriter et fideliter</i> - în <a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">limba latină</a> „curajos și fidel” (sau „cu bărbăție și fidelitate”). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cazul_Estermann">Cazul Estermann</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Cazul Estermann" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Cazul Estermann"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pe data de <a href="/wiki/4_mai" title="4 mai">4 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>, comandantul Gărzii Elvețiene, colonelul Alois Estermann, soția sa Gladys Meza Romero și vice-caporalul Cédric Tornay au fost găsiți morți în apartamentul colonelului. Ancheta oficială a Vaticanului a stabilit că Cédric Tornay era responsabil de moartea colonelului și a soției sale, Tornay fiind nemulțumit pentru că colonelul îi imputase faptul că nu se întorsese în cazarmă la ora stabilită de regulament și pentru că nu fusese ales să facă parte din garda de onoare a Papei. O anchetă paralelă condusă de mama lui Tornay și de către avocații francezi Jacques Vergès și Luc Brossolet a contestat concluziile la care au ajuns autoritățile papale. </p><p>Zece ore înaintea descoperirii corpului fără viață, colonelul Estermann fusese numit de <a href="/wiki/Ioan_Paul_al_II-lea" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioan Paul al II-lea">Ioan Paul al II-lea</a> comandant al Gărzii Elvețiene. „<i>Este o onoare</i>”, declarase Estermann ziarului elvețian <i>Le Matin</i>. „<i>Este o mare responsabilitate</i> - continua ofițerul în interviul său - <i>dar în spatele acestei alegeri, văd voința lui Dumnezeu, care mă va ajuta</i>.” </p><p>Esterman făcea parte din Garda Elvețiană din anul <a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> și se făcuse remarcat în <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> când, cu ocazia atentatului împotriva Papei, se urcase pe autovehiculul în care se afla Papa pentru a-l proteja pe acesta cu corpul său. </p><p>Acest incident a determinat modificarea regulamentului Gărzii Elvețiene, fiind schimbate procedurile de evaluare a recruților, de formare și promovare în funcție, fiind inițiate, de asemenea, noi campanii de recrutare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83_Pontifical%C4%83&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba italiană">it</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/swiss_guard/index_it.htm">Situl oficial al Gărzii Elvețiene Pontificale</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crestinortodox.ro/reportaj/garda-elvetiana-la-vatican-implinit-500-72307.html">Garda elvetiana de la Vatican a implinit 500 de ani</a>, 23 ianuarie 2006, <i>CrestinOrtodox.ro</i></li></ul> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <div style="text-align:center"> <table class="toc noprint" cellpadding="0" width="95%" cellspacing="2" style="align:center; text-align:center;clear:all;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><span style="display:inline;vertical-align:baseline"><span style="display:inline-block;margin:2px 0px;vertical-align:baseline;border:solid 1px #AAAAAA;border-collapse:collapse;padding:0px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Vatican_City_(2001%E2%80%932023).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/85px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/128px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/170px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span></span> </th> <th bgcolor="#EEE8AA"><a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican"><span style="color:#080808;">Vatican</span></a> --- <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Oameni_din_Vatican" title="Categorie:Oameni din Vatican">Oameni din Vatican</a> -- <a href="/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83" title="Limba latină">Limba latină</a> <div style="float:right; width:5em;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Subiecte_Vatican" title="Format:Subiecte Vatican"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Subiecte_Vatican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Subiecte Vatican — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style=";">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Subiecte_Vatican&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";">m</span></a></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size:95%"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ap%C4%83rarea_Vaticanului" title="Apărarea Vaticanului">Apărare</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican">Capitala</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clima_Vaticanului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clima Vaticanului — pagină inexistentă">Climă</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/List%C4%83_de_conduc%C4%83tori_ai_Vaticanului" title="Listă de conducători ai Vaticanului">Conducători</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultura_Vaticanului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultura Vaticanului — pagină inexistentă">Cultură</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografia_Vaticanului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografia Vaticanului — pagină inexistentă">Demografie</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_Vaticanului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia Vaticanului — pagină inexistentă">Economie</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Educa%C8%9Bia_%C3%AEn_Vatican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Educația în Vatican — pagină inexistentă">Educație</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geografia_Vaticanului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geografia Vaticanului — pagină inexistentă">Geografie</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Istoria_Vaticanului" title="Istoria Vaticanului">Istorie</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Politica_Vaticanului" title="Politica Vaticanului">Politică</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C4%83n%C4%83tatea_%C3%AEn_Vatican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sănătatea în Vatican — pagină inexistentă">Sănătate</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportul_%C3%AEn_Vatican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sportul în Vatican — pagină inexistentă">Sport</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Steagul_Vaticanului" class="mw-redirect" title="Steagul Vaticanului">Steag</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Stema_Vaticanului" title="Stema Vaticanului">Stemă</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subdiviziunile_Vaticanului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subdiviziunile Vaticanului — pagină inexistentă">Subdiviziuni</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turismul_%C3%AEn_Vatican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turismul în Vatican — pagină inexistentă">Turism</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cioturi_Vatican" title="Categorie:Cioturi Vatican">Cioturi</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Formate_Vatican" title="Categorie:Formate Vatican">Formate</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vatican_City" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vatican City">Imagini</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> •</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Vatican&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Vatican — pagină inexistentă">Portal</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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