CINXE.COM

Equitable Employment Opportunities | Inclusion Economics

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data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/tobin_banner_1440/public/2024-10/Field%20work%20men%20women%2C%20credit%20Ishan%20Tankha.webp?h=f25164bb&amp;itok=Ip9S3i5J 1x"/> <source media="all and (min-width: 1440px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/tobin_banner_1440/public/2024-10/Field%20work%20men%20women%2C%20credit%20Ishan%20Tankha.jpg?h=f25164bb&amp;itok=Ip9S3i5J 1x"/> <img class="tobin_banner lazyload" width="1440" height="700" alt="Men and women harvesting wheat by hand in India" loading="lazy" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/tobin_banner_1440/public/2024-10/Field%20work%20men%20women%2C%20credit%20Ishan%20Tankha.jpg?h=f25164bb&amp;itok=Ip9S3i5J" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> <figcaption class="media__figcaption"> <cite class="media__credit"> Ishan Tankha</cite> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="node__header-content"> <div class="node__introduction"> <h2><span><span><span><span><em><span>How are social barriers mirrored in the economy, and what are levers to ensure more equitable opportunity for those historically marginalized?</span></em></span></span></span></span></h2> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="node__content"> <div class="node__sections"> <section class="layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--one-column"> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--html-content paragraph--default" id="paragraph-html-content-259816" data-js="html-content"> <div class="paragraph__body"> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Unemployment and underemployment are major obstacles to economic development and, in many settings, groups like women and youth face greater barriers to full participation in the labor force, and more fragile ties to paid work once working. These trends can have important knock-on effects in times of crisis–the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted how existing inequalities were compounded and exacerbated by economic shocks. Our research aims to build evidence on how marginalized populations engage with (paid and unpaid) work, how they experience and rebound from economic shocks, and how policy levers can address underlying barriers – like skills – to promote more inclusive economic opportunity.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="layout--background layout--color-scheme-ie-background-light-gray layout--width-edge-to-edge layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--one-column" aria-labelledby="heading-layout-259817"> <header class="advanced-header-field advanced-header-field--heading-tag-h2"> <h2 id="heading-layout-259817" class="advanced-header-field__heading"> Explore Our Work </h2> </header> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <section class="layout--33-33-33 layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--three-column"> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--curated-content paragraph--default" id="paragraph-curated-content-259835" data-js="curated-content"> <article class="node-teaser node-teaser--publication node-teaser--vertical color-scheme-ie-black node--has-page-image" data-js="node-publication"> <header class="node-teaser__header"> <div class="node-teaser__type-label"> Research Summary </div> <div class="node-teaser__heading"> <a href="/research/pande-and-coauthors-empowering-women-through-direct-digital-payments"><span>Pande and coauthors: Empowering women through direct digital payments</span></a> </div> <div class="node-teaser__publication-info"> <span class="node-teaser__journal-title"> American Economic Review</span> <span class="node-teaser__publish-date"> (Jun 2021) </span> </div> <div class="node-teaser__author-links"> <a href="/people/rohini-pande" hreflang="en"><span>Rohini Pande</span></a>, <a href="/people/charity-troyer-moore" hreflang="en"><span>Charity Troyer Moore</span></a>, <a href="/people/erica-field" hreflang="en"><span>Erica Field</span></a>, <a href="/publications/author/%20Natalia%20Rigol"><span> Natalia Rigol</span></a> &amp; <a href="/people/simone-schaner" hreflang="en"><span>Simone Schaner</span></a> </div> </header> <div class="node-teaser__content"> <div class="node-teaser__image"> <figure role="group" class="media media--image media--teaser-vertical"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2021-07/FBA_field.webp?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KKnQpVSd 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_large/public/2021-07/FBA_field.webp?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KIikk9BK 2x" media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/webp"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/2021-07/FBA_field.webp?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=T1i4O7Dh 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2021-07/FBA_field.webp?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KKnQpVSd 2x" type="image/webp"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2021-07/FBA_field.jpg?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KKnQpVSd 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_large/public/2021-07/FBA_field.jpg?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KIikk9BK 2x" media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/2021-07/FBA_field.jpg?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=T1i4O7Dh 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2021-07/FBA_field.jpg?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KKnQpVSd 2x" type="image/jpeg"/> <img class="teaser_vertical" src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2021-07/FBA_field.jpg?h=f2fcf546&amp;itok=KKnQpVSd" width="720" height="500" alt="" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </figure> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--curated-content paragraph--default" id="paragraph-curated-content-259822" data-js="curated-content"> <article class="node-teaser node-teaser--project node-teaser--vertical color-scheme-ie-light-gray" data-js="node-project"> <header class="node-teaser__header"> <div class="node-teaser__heading"> <div class="node-teaser__type-label"> Project </div> <a href="/understanding-gender-gaps-pandemic-recoveries-displaced-migrants-india"><span>Understanding gender gaps in pandemic recoveries for displaced migrants in India</span></a> </div> </header> <div class="node-teaser__content"> <div class="node-teaser__image"> <figure role="group" class="media media--image media--page-image"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 1024px)" type="image/webp" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.webp?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=lSWEzaDq 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_large/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.webp?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=mCJd_LFs 2x"/> <source media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/webp" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.webp?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=wNVdrM7K 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.webp?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=lSWEzaDq 2x"/> <source type="image/webp" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.webp?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=wNVdrM7K 1x"/> <source media="all and (min-width: 1024px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.jpg?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=lSWEzaDq 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_large/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.jpg?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=mCJd_LFs 2x"/> <source media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.jpg?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=wNVdrM7K 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.jpg?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=lSWEzaDq 2x"/> <source type="image/jpeg" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.jpg?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=wNVdrM7K 1x"/> <img class="page_image lazyload" width="720" height="500" alt="Men with face masks walking down a highway." loading="lazy" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/IE/Migrant%20Workers%20In%20India%20Start%20Walking%20To%20Go%20To%20Their%20Villages%20Amidst%20Covid%20Regulations%20%28Hema%20K.%20Pillalamarri%29%20copy.jpg?h=ca8ade33&amp;itok=lSWEzaDq" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> <figcaption class="media__figcaption"> <cite class="media__credit"> Photo by Hema K. Pillalamarri, Flickr.</cite> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--curated-content paragraph--default" id="paragraph-curated-content-259836" data-js="curated-content"> <article class="node-teaser node-teaser--event node-teaser--vertical color-scheme-ie-dark-gray" data-js="node-event"> <header class="node-teaser__header"> <div class="node-teaser__type-label"> Workshop </div> <div class="node-teaser__heading"> <div class="node-teaser__left-section"> <div class="node-teaser__event-start-date"> Aug 08 2024 </div> </div> <div class="node-teaser__right-section"> <a href="/events/2024/gender-and-growth-gaps-india-research-and-policy-dialogue-2024"><span>Gender and Growth Gaps in India - Research and Policy Dialogue 2024</span></a> </div> </div> </header> <div class="node-teaser__content"> <div class="node-teaser__image"> <figure role="group" class="media media--image media--teaser-vertical"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.webp?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=BbmFQDsM 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_large/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.webp?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=sI2D37Dz 2x" media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/webp"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.webp?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=Tg-eRW2s 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.webp?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=BbmFQDsM 2x" type="image/webp"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.png?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=BbmFQDsM 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_large/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.png?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=sI2D37Dz 2x" media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/png"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_small/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.png?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=Tg-eRW2s 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.png?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=BbmFQDsM 2x" type="image/png"/> <img class="teaser_vertical" src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_medium/public/2024-10/GGG%20Lisa%20Ho.png?h=82f92a78&amp;itok=BbmFQDsM" width="720" height="500" alt="Yale Postdoctoral Associate Lisa Ho presents during the event." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </figure> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="layout--33-33-33 layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--three-column"> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--cta-link paragraph--default paragraph--cta-link-primary" id="paragraph-cta-link-259837" data-js="cta-link"> <a href="/our-research-areas/equitable-employment-opportunities/knowledge-hub">Knowledge Hub</a> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--cta-link paragraph--default paragraph--cta-link-primary" id="paragraph-cta-link-259823" data-js="cta-link"> <a href="/our-research-areas/equitable-employment-opportunities/projects">Projects</a> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--third"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--cta-link paragraph--default paragraph--cta-link-primary" id="paragraph-cta-link-259838" data-js="cta-link"> <a href="/our-research-areas/equitable-employment-opportunities/events">Events</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </section> <section class="layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--one-column" aria-labelledby="heading-layout-259830"> <header class="advanced-header-field advanced-header-field--heading-tag-h2"> <h2 id="heading-layout-259830" class="advanced-header-field__heading"> News Highlights </h2> </header> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <section class="layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--one-column"> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--curated-content paragraph--default" id="paragraph-curated-content-259832" data-js="curated-content"> <article class="node-teaser node-teaser--news-item node-teaser--callout-horizontal color-scheme-ie-teal" data-js="node-news-item"> <header class="node-teaser__header"> <div class="node-teaser__heading"> Rohini Pande quoted in The New York Times: &quot;Women in India Face a Jobs Crisis. Are Factories the Solution?&quot; </div> <div class="node-teaser__cta-link"> <a href="/news/240703/rohini-pande-quoted-new-york-times-women-india-face-jobs-crisis-are-factories-solution">Read Story</a> </div> </header> <div class="node-teaser__content"> <div class="node-teaser__image"> <figure role="group" class="media media--image media--teaser-callout-horizontal"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 768px)" type="image/webp" data-srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/teaser_callout_horizontal/public/2024-10/nyt-pande-women-jobs-india-cover-imagejpg.webp?h=92704f59&amp;itok=KgrqeewW 1x, /sites/default/files/styles/teaser_callout_horizontal_x2/public/2024-10/nyt-pande-women-jobs-india-cover-imagejpg.webp?h=92704f59&amp;itok=yrAkJdXa 2x"/> <img class="teaser_callout_horizontal lazyload" width="760" height="440" alt="Sarika Pawar, second from right, in line with other workers for the company bus at the All Time Plastics factory in Silvassa, India. Credit: Elke Scholiers for The New York Times" loading="lazy" data-src="/sites/default/files/styles/teaser_callout_horizontal/public/2024-10/nyt-pande-women-jobs-india-cover-imagejpg.webp?h=92704f59&amp;itok=KgrqeewW" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> <figcaption class="media__figcaption"> <cite class="media__credit"> Elke Scholiers for The New York Times</cite> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="layout--margin-bottom-md layout layout--one-column"> <div class="layout__regions"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--cta-link paragraph--default paragraph--cta-link-primary" id="paragraph-cta-link-259834" data-js="cta-link"> <a href="/our-research-areas/equitable-employment-opportunities/news">News</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="site-footer__content"> <div class="site-footer__logo"> <a href="https://yale.edu" aria-label="Yale University's homepage">Yale</a> </div> <div class="site-footer__site-name"> <a href="/" aria-label="Inclusion Economics homepage">Inclusion Economics</a> <div class="site-footer__collaborators"> <div class="site-footer__collaborators-label">A collaboration across</div> <span class="site-footer__collaborators-names"><a href="https://egc.yale.edu" target="_blank">The Economic Growth Center</a> and<br /><a href="https://macmillan.yale.edu" target="_blank">The MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies</a></span> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__social-menu"> <div class="site-footer__description"> <p class='site-footer__description'>To stay updated, please join the <br />Economic Growth Center's <br />social media channels where our <br />work is regularly featured.</p> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-social-menu" id="block-social" class="block-social-menu" data-js="block-social-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-social-menu">Social Menu</h2> <ul class="menu menu--social-ie menu--social menu--level-0"> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pg/YaleEGC/" aria-label="Go to Inclusion Economics&#039;s Facebook page" title="Facebook"><i class="fab fa-facebook"></i></a> </li> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/yaleegc/" aria-label="Go to Inclusion Economics&#039;s Instagram page" title="Instagram"><i class="fab fa-instagram"></i></a> </li> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/yaleegc/" aria-label="Go to Inclusion Economics&#039;s LinkedIn page" title="LinkedIn"><i class="fab fa-linkedin"></i></a> </li> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://x.com/YaleEGC" aria-label="Go to Inclusion Economics&#039;s X page" title="X"><i class="fab fa-x-twitter"></i></a> </li> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSh-dNnqe1agUSzPM01LgBA" aria-label="Go to Inclusion Economics&#039;s YouTube page" title="YouTube"><i class="fab fa-youtube"></i></a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="site-footer__menu"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-footer-menu" id="block-footer" class="block-footer-menu" data-js="block-footer-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-footer-menu">Footer Menu</h2> <ul class="menu menu--footer-ie menu--footer menu--level-0"> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://usability.yale.edu/web-accessibility/accessibility-yale">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="menu__item"> <a href="https://privacy.yale.edu/resources/privacy-statement">Privacy Policy</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="site-footer__address"> <i class="fal fa-location-dot"></i><a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/?q=place_id%3AChIJ8_D6y7fZ54kRhRDoWyzW-rg">34 Hillhouse Ave., Room 332, New Haven, CT 06520</a> </div> <div class="site-footer__contact-info"> <span class="site-footer__contact-info-email"> <i class="fal fa-envelope"></i><a href="mailto:inclusion.economics@yale.edu">inclusion.economics@yale.edu</a> </span> </div> <div class="site-footer__copyright"> Copyright &copy; 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