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src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/400/266/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg" alt="Lipstick assembly line, Ormes (Loiret), November 17, 2022." srcset=" https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/800/533/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg 400w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/1000/666/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg 500w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/1200/800/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg 600w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/1400/933/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg 700w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/1600/1066/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg 800w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/1800/1200/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg 900w" sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 421px, 100vw" alt="Lipstick assembly line, Ormes (Loiret), November 17, 2022." width="3" height="2"> <noscript> <img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/12/5964/3976/400/266/75/0/6afb4f9_sirius-fs-upload-1-yvjs8sc4sak0-1739977414879-000-32pf7a8.jpg" alt="Lipstick assembly line, Ormes (Loiret), November 17, 2022." width="3" height="2"> </noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__media-credit article__media-credit--une"> GUILLAUME SOUVANT/AFP </div> <p class="article__desc">French MPs have adopted a bill to protect the public from the risks associated with forever chemicals. It bans their use in three product categories and imposes a charge on industrial water discharges under the 'polluter pays' principle.</p> </a> <ul class="article__related old__article-related-default"> <li class="old__article-related-default-item"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/les-decodeurs/article/2025/02/01/those-affected-by-pollution-demand-that-ursula-von-der-leyen-ban-pfas-now_6737658_8.html"><span class="icon__premium"> <span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span> </span>Those affected by pollution demand that Ursula von der Leyen 'ban PFAs now' </a> </li> <li class="old__article-related-default-item"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/01/27/the-contamination-of-the-world-by-pfas-has-led-to-a-perfect-catastrophe-dystopian-in-all-its-dimensions_6737466_23.html"><span class="icon__premium"> <span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span> </span>'The contamination of the world by PFAS has led to a perfect catastrophe, dystopian in all its dimensions' </a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="area area--headlines old__area old__area--headlines"> <div class="article article--headlines "> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/after-trump-s-attacks-on-zelensky-europeans-seek-to-influence-upcoming-negotiations_6738365_4.html"> <div class="article__media-container "> <picture class="article__media article__media--with-credit"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/7546/5031/398/265/75/0/63fb94f_ftp-import-images-1-wlr2i0uw4kgi-5082466-01-06.jpg 398w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/7546/5031/228/152/75/0/63fb94f_ftp-import-images-1-wlr2i0uw4kgi-5082466-01-06.jpg 228w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/7546/5031/114/76/75/0/63fb94f_ftp-import-images-1-wlr2i0uw4kgi-5082466-01-06.jpg 114w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/7546/5031/398/265/75/0/63fb94f_ftp-import-images-1-wlr2i0uw4kgi-5082466-01-06.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 114px, 199px" alt="Romania's acting president, Ilie Bolojan (left), with Emmanuel Macron, at the Elysée Palace, Paris, February 19, 2025." width="199" height="132"> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/7546/5031/252/168/75/0/63fb94f_ftp-import-images-1-wlr2i0uw4kgi-5082466-01-06.jpg" alt="Romania's acting president, Ilie Bolojan (left), with Emmanuel Macron, at the Elysée Palace, Paris, February 19, 2025." width="252" height="168"></noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__media-credit article__media-credit--only-desktop"> LUDOVIC MARIN / AFP </div> <span class="icon__premium icon--outside-simple"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><p class="article__title">After Trump's attacks on Zelensky, Europeans seek to influence upcoming negotiations</p> </a> </div> <div class="article article--headlines "> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/bodies-of-four-hostages-handed-over-to-israeli-army_6738368_4.html"> <div class="article__media-container "> <picture class="article__media article__media--with-credit"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/0/0/4552/3034/398/265/75/0/eac214d_ftp-import-images-1-tor2kbfoduno-9deea561cb7c456bbb8808e0046d2e27-0-f469f97dd3fd4ede970773f8a98149b0.jpg 398w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/0/0/4552/3034/228/152/75/0/eac214d_ftp-import-images-1-tor2kbfoduno-9deea561cb7c456bbb8808e0046d2e27-0-f469f97dd3fd4ede970773f8a98149b0.jpg 228w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/0/0/4552/3034/114/76/75/0/eac214d_ftp-import-images-1-tor2kbfoduno-9deea561cb7c456bbb8808e0046d2e27-0-f469f97dd3fd4ede970773f8a98149b0.jpg 114w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/0/0/4552/3034/398/265/75/0/eac214d_ftp-import-images-1-tor2kbfoduno-9deea561cb7c456bbb8808e0046d2e27-0-f469f97dd3fd4ede970773f8a98149b0.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 114px, 199px" alt="" width="199" height="132"> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/0/0/4552/3034/252/168/75/0/eac214d_ftp-import-images-1-tor2kbfoduno-9deea561cb7c456bbb8808e0046d2e27-0-f469f97dd3fd4ede970773f8a98149b0.jpg" alt="" width="252" height="168"></noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__media-credit article__media-credit--only-desktop"> Oded Balilty / AP </div> <p class="article__title">Hamas hands over bodies of four hostages to Israeli army</p> </a> </div> </section> <section class="area area--runner"> <div class="article article--runner old__article-runner"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/opinion/article/2025/02/20/the-america-of-the-rule-of-law-and-the-liberal-international-order-is-disappearing_6738367_23.html"> <div class="article__media-container "> <picture class="article__media article__media--with-credit"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/3696/2464/398/265/75/0/c3b5452_ftp-import-images-1-0obftfsoc2sy-2025-02-19t230744z-1813351322-rc2xxca0mwh9-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump.JPG 398w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/3696/2464/228/152/75/0/c3b5452_ftp-import-images-1-0obftfsoc2sy-2025-02-19t230744z-1813351322-rc2xxca0mwh9-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump.JPG 228w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/3696/2464/114/76/75/0/c3b5452_ftp-import-images-1-0obftfsoc2sy-2025-02-19t230744z-1813351322-rc2xxca0mwh9-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump.JPG 114w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/3696/2464/398/265/75/0/c3b5452_ftp-import-images-1-0obftfsoc2sy-2025-02-19t230744z-1813351322-rc2xxca0mwh9-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump.JPG" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 114px, 199px" alt="U.S. President Donald Trump in Miami, Florida, February 19, 2025." width="199" height="132"> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/3696/2464/252/168/75/0/c3b5452_ftp-import-images-1-0obftfsoc2sy-2025-02-19t230744z-1813351322-rc2xxca0mwh9-rtrmadp-3-usa-trump.JPG" alt="U.S. President Donald Trump in Miami, Florida, February 19, 2025." width="252" height="168"></noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__media-credit article__media-credit--only-desktop"> Kevin Lamarque / REUTERS </div> <span class="icon__premium icon--outside-simple"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><p class="article__title">'The America of the rule of law and the liberal international order is disappearing'</p> <p class="article__desc">Donald Trump extends the powers of the American presidency beyond what any of his predecessors had ever dared, says Le Monde columnist Alain Frachon.</p> </a> </div> <div class="article article--runner old__article-runner"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/ukrainians-in-shock-after-trump-s-virulent-attacks-on-zelensky_6738366_4.html"> <div class="article__media-container "> <picture class="article__media article__media--with-credit"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5187/3458/398/265/75/0/97f4ae9_sirius-fs-upload-1-rwpilr7uniw4-1739982494883-119355.jpg 398w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5187/3458/228/152/75/0/97f4ae9_sirius-fs-upload-1-rwpilr7uniw4-1739982494883-119355.jpg 228w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5187/3458/114/76/75/0/97f4ae9_sirius-fs-upload-1-rwpilr7uniw4-1739982494883-119355.jpg 114w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5187/3458/398/265/75/0/97f4ae9_sirius-fs-upload-1-rwpilr7uniw4-1739982494883-119355.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 114px, 199px" alt="" width="199" height="132"> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5187/3458/252/168/75/0/97f4ae9_sirius-fs-upload-1-rwpilr7uniw4-1739982494883-119355.jpg" alt="" width="252" height="168"></noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__media-credit article__media-credit--only-desktop"> Service de presse de la présidence Ukrainienne / AP </div> <span class="icon__premium icon--outside-simple"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><p class="article__title">Ukrainians in shock after Trump's virulent attacks on Zelensky</p> <p class="article__desc">The US president accused Kyiv of being behind the war and called him a 'dictator.' This escalation stunned the population and the authorities alike and plunged the country a little further into the unknown.</p> </a> </div> <div class="article article--runner old__article-runner"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2025/02/20/at-the-is-kidnapping-trial-former-hostage-edouard-elias-delivers-harrowing-testimony_6738383_7.html"> <div class="article__media-container "> <picture class="article__media article__media--with-credit"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5587/3724/398/265/75/0/cbdc29e_sirius-fs-upload-1-p55hcqspb3ba-1739985125814-abacanewsroy-936429-022.jpg 398w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5587/3724/228/152/75/0/cbdc29e_sirius-fs-upload-1-p55hcqspb3ba-1739985125814-abacanewsroy-936429-022.jpg 228w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5587/3724/114/76/75/0/cbdc29e_sirius-fs-upload-1-p55hcqspb3ba-1739985125814-abacanewsroy-936429-022.jpg 114w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5587/3724/398/265/75/0/cbdc29e_sirius-fs-upload-1-p55hcqspb3ba-1739985125814-abacanewsroy-936429-022.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 114px, 199px" alt="Photojournalist Edouard Elias (center) and journalist Didier François, former hostages in Syria, in Paris, February 17, 2025" width="199" height="132"> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/5587/3724/252/168/75/0/cbdc29e_sirius-fs-upload-1-p55hcqspb3ba-1739985125814-abacanewsroy-936429-022.jpg" alt="Photojournalist Edouard Elias (center) and journalist Didier François, former hostages in Syria, in Paris, February 17, 2025" width="252" height="168"></noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__media-credit article__media-credit--only-desktop"> Lafargue Raphael/ABACA </div> <span class="icon__premium icon--outside-simple"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><p class="article__title">At the IS kidnapping trial, former hostage Edouard Elias delivers harrowing testimony</p> <p class="article__desc">On Wednesday, one of the four French journalists held hostage in Syria gave a thorough account of the 11 months he spent in the terrorist group's 'killing machine.' He also officially identified the voice of one of his torturers, Frenchman Mehdi Nemmouche.</p> </a> </div> </section> <section class="area area--featured"> <div class="article article--featured"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/the-israeli-soldiers-mothers-at-war-against-the-war_6738373_4.html"> <div class="article__media-container"> <picture class="article__media"> <img data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/10/252/492/3784/2523/664/442/75/0/c10a305_sirius-fs-upload-1-nv17yr5vxy6d-1739205106444-27012025-l1190295.jpg" data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/10/252/492/3784/2523/1328/885/45/0/c10a305_sirius-fs-upload-1-nv17yr5vxy6d-1739205106444-27012025-l1190295.jpg 1328w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/10/252/492/3784/2523/664/442/75/0/c10a305_sirius-fs-upload-1-nv17yr5vxy6d-1739205106444-27012025-l1190295.jpg 664w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/10/252/492/3784/2523/355/236/75/0/c10a305_sirius-fs-upload-1-nv17yr5vxy6d-1739205106444-27012025-l1190295.jpg 355w" data-sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 355px, 664px" alt="Noorit Felsenthal Berger, at home in Jerusalem, January 27, 2025." width="664" height="443"> <noscript> <img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/10/252/492/3784/2523/664/442/75/0/c10a305_sirius-fs-upload-1-nv17yr5vxy6d-1739205106444-27012025-l1190295.jpg" alt="Noorit Felsenthal Berger, at home in Jerusalem, January 27, 2025."> </noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__wrapper"> <p class="article__type">Feature</p> <p class="article__byline"> Raphaëlle Rérolle</p> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><p class="article__title article__title--inline">The Israeli soldiers' mothers at war against the war</p> <p class="article__desc">In recent months, the mothers of soldiers deployed in the Gaza Strip have formed various groups to mobilize against the government, in order to maintain the ceasefire and prevent their children from dying. Since October 2023, 405 Israeli soldiers have been killed in Gaza.</p> </div> <p class="article__footer-info">4 min read </p> </a> </div> <section class="message message__offre-jeux" data-autopromo-campagne="lmie" data-autopromo-variant="app"> <a class="message__offre-jeux-link" href="https://lemonde.onelink.me/sJC0/u3pbgzi4"> <p class="message__offre-jeux-title">Le Monde’s app</p> <p class="message__offre-jeux-description">Follow your favorite topics and never miss a headline.</p> <p class="message__offre-jeux-wrap"> <span class="message__offre-jeux-more">Download</span> </p> </a> </section> <div id="pave_haut" class="dfp-slot dfp__slot dfp__slot--pave dfp__slot--desktop dfp__sticky" data-format="pave_haut" aria-hidden="true"></div> </section> <section class="area area--river area--river-double old__area old__area--river"> <div class="article article--river old__article-river"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/football/article/2025/02/20/spanish-court-fines-ex-football-chief-10-800-over-non-consensual-kiss_6738381_130.html"> <div class="article__media-container"> <picture class="article__media"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/112/0/5664/3776/205/136/60/0/4337f38_ftp-import-images-1-8vnqzeafkssg-5092185-01-06.jpg 205w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/112/0/5664/3776/162/108/95/0/4337f38_ftp-import-images-1-8vnqzeafkssg-5092185-01-06.jpg 162w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/112/0/5664/3776/198/132/95/0/4337f38_ftp-import-images-1-8vnqzeafkssg-5092185-01-06.jpg" alt=""> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/20/112/0/5664/3776/162/108/95/0/4337f38_ftp-import-images-1-8vnqzeafkssg-5092185-01-06.jpg" alt="" width="162" height="108"></noscript> </picture> </div> <div class="article__title">Spanish court fines ex-football chief €10,800 over non-consensual kiss</div> </a> </div> <div class="article article--river old__article-river"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/andrius-kubilius-the-us-now-talks-about-peace-but-without-strength_6738374_4.html"> <div class="article__media-container"> <picture class="article__media"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/205/136/60/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg 205w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/162/108/95/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg 162w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/198/132/95/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg" alt="The European commissioner for defense and space, Lithuanian Andrius Kubilius, in Brussels, December 6, 2024."> <noscript><img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/1/0/8192/5461/162/108/95/0/63a732b_sirius-fs-upload-1-69djlpixcdae-1739982230805-000-36pr47l.jpg" alt="The European commissioner for defense and space, Lithuanian Andrius Kubilius, in Brussels, December 6, 2024." width="162" height="108"></noscript> </picture> </div> <span class="icon__premium icon--outside-simple"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><div class="article__title">Andrius Kubilius: 'The US now talks about peace but without strength'</div> </a> </div> <div class="article article--river old__article-river"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/02/20/germany-s-merz-vows-tough-migrant-policy-to-stall-afd-s-rise_6738350_4.html"> <div class="article__media-container"> <picture class="article__media"> <img data-srcset="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/4999/3333/205/136/60/0/36b28c5_ftp-import-images-1-cxt63b4aawue-2025-02-19t192530z-1746665146-rc2uxcajd9i8-rtrmadp-3-germany-election-merz.JPG 205w, https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/4999/3333/162/108/95/0/36b28c5_ftp-import-images-1-cxt63b4aawue-2025-02-19t192530z-1746665146-rc2uxcajd9i8-rtrmadp-3-germany-election-merz.JPG 162w" data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/19/0/0/4999/3333/198/132/95/0/36b28c5_ftp-import-images-1-cxt63b4aawue-2025-02-19t192530z-1746665146-rc2uxcajd9i8-rtrmadp-3-germany-election-merz.JPG" alt="German conservative CDU candidate for chancellor Friedrich Merz attends a campaign event in Vechta, Germany, February 19, 2025. 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Bouissou</p> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span><p class="article__title article__title--inline">How Trump is accelerating transformation of global trade</p> <p class="article__desc">By issuing an executive order that introduces reciprocal tariffs over the next six months, the US president is tearing down all the free-trade treaties negotiated at great length with countries such as South Korea, Mexico and Canada.</p> </div> <p class="article__footer-info">6 min read </p> </a> </div> <div class="article article--featured old__article-square"> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/france/article/2025/02/19/we-saved-notre-dame-why-not-the-camargue-the-french-coastline-fighting-the-rising-tide_6738314_7.html"> <div class="article__media-container"> <picture class="article__media"> <img data-src="https://img.lemde.fr/2025/02/13/580/0/5465/3643/664/442/75/0/eda70cf_sirius-fs-upload-1-awilun9kyxnf-1739459645453-10.jpg" 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