CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Job 2 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"687767df-619f-4c3c-b5a1-57ef33b3ea02","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Job_2","wgTitle":"Job 2","wgCurRevisionId":1252397055,"wgRevisionId":1252397055,"wgArticleId":71415201,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles containing Hebrew-language text","Pages with numeric Bible version references","Articles with LibriVox links","Book of Job chapters"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Job_2","wgRelevantArticleId":71415201,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q12472940","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf/page1-1200px-Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1553"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf/page1-800px-Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1035"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf/page1-640px-Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="828"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Job 2 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_2"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_2"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Job_2 rootpage-Job_2 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Job+2" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Job+2" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Job+2" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Job+2" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Text</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Text-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Text subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Textual_witnesses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Textual_witnesses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Textual witnesses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Textual_witnesses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_conversation_(2:1–6)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_conversation_(2:1–6)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Second conversation (2:1–6)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Second_conversation_(2:1–6)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Second conversation (2:1–6) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Second_conversation_(2:1–6)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Verse_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verse_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Verse 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verse_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verse_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verse_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Verse 6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verse_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Affliction_of_Job_and_the_Arrival_of_Counselors_(2:7–13)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Affliction_of_Job_and_the_Arrival_of_Counselors_(2:7–13)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Affliction of Job and the Arrival of Counselors (2:7–13)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Affliction_of_Job_and_the_Arrival_of_Counselors_(2:7–13)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Affliction of Job and the Arrival of Counselors (2:7–13) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Affliction_of_Job_and_the_Arrival_of_Counselors_(2:7–13)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Verse_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verse_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Verse 7</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verse_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verse_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verse_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Verse 8</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verse_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verse_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verse_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Verse 9</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verse_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verse_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verse_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Verse 13</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verse_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Job 2</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 2 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-2" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">2 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_2" title="Ayub 2 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ayub 2" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A_2" title="โยบ 2 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โยบ 2" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12472940#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Job_2" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Job_2" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Job_2"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Job_2"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Job_2" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Job_2" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&oldid=1252397055" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Job_2&id=1252397055&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJob_2"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJob_2"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Job_2&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12472940" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Job 2</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="float: left;">← <a href="/wiki/Job_1" title="Job 1">chapter 1</a></div><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/Job_3" title="Job 3">chapter 3</a> →</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf/page1-240px-Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf/page1-360px-Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf/page1-480px-Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="1650" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The whole Book of Job in the <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Codex" title="Leningrad Codex">Leningrad Codex</a> (1008 C.E.) from an old fascimile edition.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Book</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Book of Job</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Hebrew Bible part</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ketuvim" title="Ketuvim">Ketuvim</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Order in the Hebrew part</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Category</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ketuvim#Sifrei_Emet" title="Ketuvim">Sifrei Emet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Christian Bible part</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Order in the Christian part</th><td class="infobox-data">18</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Job 2</b> is the second <a href="/wiki/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible" title="Chapters and verses of the Bible">chapter</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Book of Job</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHalley1965243_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHalley1965243-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Holman_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holman-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around 6th century BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuglerHartin2009193_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuglerHartin2009193-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007332_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007332-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This chapter belongs to the prologue of the book,comprising Job 1:1–2:13.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Text">Text</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Text"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original text is written in <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Hebrew language</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible" title="Chapters and verses of the Bible">This chapter is divided into</a> 13 verses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Textual_witnesses">Textual witnesses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Textual witnesses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Hebrew</a> are of the <a href="/wiki/Masoretic_Text" title="Masoretic Text">Masoretic Text</a>, which includes the <a href="/wiki/Aleppo_Codex" title="Aleppo Codex">Aleppo Codex</a> (10th century), and <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Codex" title="Leningrad Codex">Codex Leningradensis</a> (1008).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199536–37_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199536–37-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is also a translation into <a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Koine Greek</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a>, made in the last few centuries BC; some extant ancient manuscripts of this version include <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">Codex Vaticanus</a> (<b>B</b>; <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">G</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/781fcd09ad1ff694d53778c4d59da525ed9abeb9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.824ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}" /></span><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">Codex Sinaiticus</a> (<b>S</b>; <a href="/wiki/Biblia_Hebraica_(Kittel)" title="Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)">BHK</a>: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">G</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/781fcd09ad1ff694d53778c4d59da525ed9abeb9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.824ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}" /></span><sup>S</sup>; 4th century), and <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">Codex Alexandrinus</a> (<b>A</b>; <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">G</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/781fcd09ad1ff694d53778c4d59da525ed9abeb9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.824ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}" /></span><sup>A</sup>; 5th century).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within the structure of the book, chapters 1 and 2 are grouped as "the Prologue" with the following outline:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201517_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201517-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Job Is Utterly Righteous (1:1–5)</li> <li>The First Heavenly Court Scene (1:6–12)</li> <li>The First Test - Loss of Possessions and Family (1:13–19)</li> <li>Job's First Reaction to His Loss and the Narrator's Verdict (1:20–22)</li> <li>The Second Heavenly Court Scene (2:1–6)</li> <li>The Second Test - Ghastly Sores (2:7–10)</li> <li>The Arrival and Mission of the Friends (2:11–13)</li></ul> <p>The whole section precedes the following parts of the book:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201517–23_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201517–23-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The Dialogue (chapters 3–31)</li> <li>The Verdicts (32:1–42:6)</li> <li>The Epilogue (42:7–17)</li></ul> <p>The Prologue consists of five scenes in prose form (1:1–5; 1:6–12; 1:13–22; 2:1–6; 2:7–13 (3:1)) — alternating between earth and heaven — which introduce the main characters and the theological issue to be explored.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_conversation_(2:1–6)"><span id="Second_conversation_.282:1.E2.80.936.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Verses_1–6"></span>Second conversation (2:1–6)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Second conversation (2:1–6)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The passage describes the conversation in the second heavenly court which is very similar to the first one.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201536_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201536-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From verse 1 to the middle of verse 3, the narrative practically repeats Job 1:7–8, except for the addition of three Hebrew words at the end of verse 2:1 (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">להתיצב על יהוה</span></span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H3320">lə-hiṯ-yaṣ-ṣêḇ</a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H5921">‘al</a></span>- <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H3068">YHWH</a></span></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> translated: "to present himself before YHWH") and the difference in the Hebrew word used for "from where" (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">מֵאַ֣יִן</span></span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H370">mê-’a-yin</a></span></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1:7; <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">אי מזה</span></span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H335">’ê</a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H2088">miz-zeh</a></span></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2:2).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is indicated that after the series of calamities on his possession and children, Job continues to "cling to" his integrity, basically maintaining all his commendable personal qualities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> YHWH states that he has been "incited" to "ruin" Job "without any reason", acknowledging that YHWH is accountable and responsible, but mainly also inviting the Adversary to concede that Job passed the test.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100–101_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100–101-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Adversary responds that the test did not go far enough, using the phrase "skin for skin" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Job#2:4" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Job">verse 4</a>) to make the exchange equal by including all that a man would give up to save his own skin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201537_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201537-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> YHWH permits the Adversary to proceed with the second test, to touch ("harm" or "strike") Job's "flesh and bone" but not Job's "life".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thereafter God will not speak again until <a href="/wiki/Job_38" title="Job 38">chapter 38</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verse_3">Verse 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Verse 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>The Lord said to the Adversary, "Have you considered My servant Job, that there is none like him on the earth, a blameless and an upright man, who fears God and avoids evil? He still holds fast his integrity, although you moved Me against him, to destroy him without cause."</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Moved": or "incited"; translated from Hebrew word from the root verb <i>sut</i> which has a sense of 'prompting someone to act in a way that is different from what that person would have chosen to do without provocation' (cf. God incited people to do what is wrong in <a href="/wiki/1_Samuel_26" title="1 Samuel 26">1 Samuel 26</a>:19; <a href="/wiki/2_Samuel_24" title="2 Samuel 24">2 Samuel 24</a>:1; human incited in <a href="/wiki/2_Kings_18" title="2 Kings 18">2 Kings 18</a>:32; <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_43" title="Jeremiah 43">Jeremiah 43</a>:3).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201315_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEstes201315-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/1_Chronicles_21" title="1 Chronicles 21">1 Chronicles 21</a>:1 indicates that although YHWH permits evil actions within his sovereign plan, he is not directly causing evil to occur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201315_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEstes201315-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Without cause": or "without any reason"; translated from Hebrew: <i>khinnam</i>, "for nothing" in <a href="/wiki/Job_1:9" class="mw-redirect" title="Job 1:9">Job 1:9</a>; also "in vain" (Ezekiel 6:10), "unnecessarily" (1 Samuel 25:31) or "without compensation" (Genesis 29:15) or referring to undeserved treatments in <a href="/wiki/1_Samuel_19" title="1 Samuel 19">1 Samuel 19</a>:5; <a href="/wiki/1_Kings_2" title="1 Kings 2">1 Kings 2</a>:31.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verse_6">Verse 6</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Verse 6"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>The Lord said to the Adversary, “Very well, he is in your hand, but spare his life.”</i><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Very well": or "behold" (KJV, NKJV etc.); translated from the Hebrew particle <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">הִנּוֹ</span>, <i>hinnow</i>, literally, “here he is!” as God presents Job to Satan.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> renders it “I deliver him up to you.”<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>This verse shows that YHWH is sovereign over the Adversary by putting limits on how far the action against Job may go.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201316_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEstes201316-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Affliction_of_Job_and_the_Arrival_of_Counselors_(2:7–13)"><span id="Affliction_of_Job_and_the_Arrival_of_Counselors_.282:7.E2.80.9313.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Verses_7–13"></span>Affliction of Job and the Arrival of Counselors (2:7–13)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Affliction of Job and the Arrival of Counselors (2:7–13)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first part of the section (verses 7–8) describes the second attack by the Adversary on Job, which adds a negative aspect, by afflicting the physical pain of 'ghastly sores', to the removal of the positives in Job's life with the first attack.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The words of <a href="/wiki/Job%27s_wife" title="Job's wife">Job's wife</a> elicits a spoken response from Job about the second attack (verses 9–10).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201539_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201539-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arrival of Job's three friends, their mourning and silence, left to Job to speak first, setting the stage for the subsequent poetic dialogues (chapter 3 to 42).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012105_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012105-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verse_7">Verse 7</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Verse 7"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/250px-William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/500px-William_Blake_-_Satan_Smiting_Job_with_Sore_Boils_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2385" data-file-height="1801" /></a><figcaption>"Satan Smiting Job with Sore Boils", painting by <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a> (c. 1826)</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><i>Therefore, the Adversary went out from the presence of the Lord, and he afflicted Job with severe sores from the sole of his foot to the top of his head.</i><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>"Severe sores": from <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">שְׁחִין</span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H7822">shekhin</a></span></i>, "boils".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not the same as the term translated as "leprosy", but more involving 'inflammation of the skin'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012102_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012102-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verse_8">Verse 8</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Verse 8"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>Job took a piece of broken pottery to scrape himself, and he sat in ashes in misery.</i> <sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verse_9">Verse 9</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Verse 9"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg/220px-Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg/330px-Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg/440px-Georges_de_La_Tour_044.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2329" /></a><figcaption>"<a href="/wiki/Job_Taunted_by_his_Wife" class="mw-redirect" title="Job Taunted by his Wife">Job Taunted by his Wife</a>", painting by <a href="/wiki/Georges_de_La_Tour" title="Georges de La Tour">Georges de La Tour</a> (1625–1650)</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><i>Then his wife said to him, "Do you still hold fast your integrity? Curse God and die."</i><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>"His wife": <a href="/wiki/Job%27s_wife" title="Job's wife">Job's wife</a> is only mentioned here in the Hebrew Bible, without a name, but with her only speech. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201316_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEstes201316-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Aramaic <a href="/wiki/Targum" title="Targum">Targum</a>, her name is called "Dinah", with an allusion to <a href="/wiki/Genesis_34" class="mw-redirect" title="Genesis 34">Genesis 34</a>, whereas in the "<a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Job" title="Testament of Job">Testament of Job</a>" she is called "Sitis".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201539_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201539-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hebrew root word for "wife" (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">אִשָּׁה</span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H802">ishshah</a></span></i>) recalls <a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>'s description of Eve as "bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh" in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0102.htm#23">Genesis 2:23</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">עצם מעצמי ובשר מבשרי</span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H6106">‘e-ṣem</a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H6106">mê-‘ă-ṣā-may</a></span> ū-<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H1320">ḇā-śār</a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H1320">mi-bə-śā-rî</a></span></i><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) in relation to the Adversary's intention to strike Job's "bone and flesh" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Job#2:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Job">verse 5</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">אל עצמו ואל בשרו</span>, <i><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H413">’el</a></span>-<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H6106">‘aṣ-mōw</a></span> wə-<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H413">’el</a></span>-<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H1320">bə-śā-rōw</a></span>, "to his bone and to his flesh"</i><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Curse": from the Hebrew verb <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">בָּרַךְ</span>, <i>barakh</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> literally "bless", but in an evil sense (cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2701.htm#5">Job 1:5</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The words of Job's wife can be interpreted as suggesting a "theological method of committing suicide", that is, urging Job 'to put him out of misery by doing the one forbidden thing ("cursing God") that will ensure his immediate destruction and end his endless agony" according to the traditional 'doctrine of (divine) retribution'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538–39_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538–39-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Greek Septuagint has a longer reading with the phrase "when a long time had passed" in the beginning of the verse and the speech of Job's wife: "How long will you hold out, saying, 'Behold, I wait yet a little while, expecting the hope of my deliverance?' for behold, your memorial is abolished from the earth, even your sons and daughters, the pangs and pains of my womb which I bore in vain with sorrows, and you yourself sit down to spend the night in the open air among the corruption of worms, and I am a wanderer and a servant from place to place and house to house, waiting for the setting sun, that I may rest from my labors and pains that now beset me, but say some word against the Lord and die."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blake_1793_Job%27s_Tormentors_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Blake_1793_Job%27s_Tormentors_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Blake_1793_Job%27s_Tormentors_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Blake_1793_Job%27s_Tormentors_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Blake_1793_Job%27s_Tormentors_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Blake_1793_Job%27s_Tormentors_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption><i>Job's Tormentors</i> from <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>'s <a href="/wiki/William_Blake%27s_Illustrations_of_the_Book_of_Job" title="William Blake's Illustrations of the Book of Job">Illustrations for the Book of Job</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verse_13">Verse 13</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Verse 13"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>And they sat with him on the ground seven days and seven nights, and no one spoke a word to him, for they saw that his suffering was very great.</i><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Suffering" title="Suffering">Suffering</a>": from the Hebrew word <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">כְּאֵב</span></span>, <i>keʾev</i>, "pain"—both mental and physical <a href="/wiki/Pain" title="Pain">pain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bildad" title="Bildad">Bildad</a> the <a href="/wiki/Shuah" title="Shuah">Shuhite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boil" title="Boil">Boil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliphaz_(Job)" title="Eliphaz (Job)">Eliphaz</a> the <a href="/wiki/Temanite" class="mw-redirect" title="Temanite">Temanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job%27s_wife" title="Job's wife">Job's wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satan" title="Satan">Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">YHWH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zophar" title="Zophar">Zophar</a> the <a href="/wiki/Naamathite" class="mw-redirect" title="Naamathite">Naamathite</a></li></ul></div> <li>Related <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> parts: <a href="/wiki/Genesis_2_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Genesis 2 (Bible)">Genesis 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Job_42" title="Job 42">Job 42</a></li> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHalley1965243-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHalley1965243_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHalley1965">Halley 1965</a>, p. 243.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holman-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Holman_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuglerHartin2009193-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuglerHartin2009193_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuglerHartin2009">Kugler & Hartin 2009</a>, p. 193.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007332-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007332_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrenshaw2007">Crenshaw 2007</a>, p. 332.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrenshaw2007334_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrenshaw2007">Crenshaw 2007</a>, p. 334.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199536–37-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199536–37_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWürthwein1995">Würthwein 1995</a>, pp. 36–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWürthwein1995">Würthwein 1995</a>, pp. 73–74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201517-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201517_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201517–23-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201517–23_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 17–23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201536-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201536_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/job/2-1.htm">Job 2:1 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/job/1-7.htm">Job 1:7 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/job/2-2.htm">Job 2:2 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalton2012">Walton 2012</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100–101-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012100–101_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalton2012">Walton 2012</a>, pp. 100–101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201537-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201537_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Job+2:3&version=mev">Job 2:3</a> <a href="/wiki/Modern_English_Version" title="Modern English Version">MEV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEstes201315-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201315_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201315_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEstes2013">Estes 2013</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012101_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalton2012">Walton 2012</a>, p. 101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Job+2:6&version=mev">Job 2:6</a> MEV</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note [a] on Job 2:6 in <a href="/wiki/New_English_Translation" title="New English Translation">NET Bible</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note [b] on Job 2:6 in NET Bible</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEstes201316-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201316_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEstes201316_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEstes2013">Estes 2013</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201539-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201539_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201539_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012105-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012105_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalton2012">Walton 2012</a>, p. 105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Job+2:7&version=mev">Job 2:7</a> MEV</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/job/2-7.htm">Job 2:7 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalton2012102-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalton2012102_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalton2012">Walton 2012</a>, p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Job+2:8&version=ncv">Job 2:8</a> NCV </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esv.org/Job+2:9">Job 2:9</a> <a href="/wiki/English_Standard_Version" title="English Standard Version">ESV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/genesis/2-23.htm">Genesis 2:23 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/job/2-5.htm">Job 2:5 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/text/job/2-9.htm">Job 2:9 Hebrew Text Analysis</a>. Biblehub</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note on Job 2:9 in <a href="/wiki/New_King_James_Version" title="New King James Version">NKJV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note [c] on Job 2:19 in NET Bible</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson201538–39-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson201538–39_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2015">Wilson 2015</a>, pp. 38–39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note [a] on Job 2:19 in NET Bible</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esv.org/Job+2:13">Job 2:13</a> <a href="/wiki/English_Standard_Version" title="English Standard Version">ESV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note [a] on Job 2:13 in NET Bible</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAlter2010" class="citation book cs1">Alter, Robert (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TujOn209Ts8C"><i>The Wisdom Books: Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes: A Translation with Commentary</i></a>. W.W. Norton & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393080735" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393080735"><bdi>978-0393080735</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wisdom+Books%3A+Job%2C+Proverbs%2C+and+Ecclesiastes%3A+A+Translation+with+Commentary&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Co&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0393080735&rft.aulast=Alter&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTujOn209Ts8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCoogan2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Coogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael D. Coogan">Coogan, Michael David</a> (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ"><i>The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48</i></a> (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195288810" title="Special:BookSources/9780195288810"><bdi>9780195288810</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Oxford+Annotated+Bible+with+the+Apocryphal%2FDeuterocanonical+Books%3A+New+Revised+Standard+Version%2C+Issue+48&rft.edition=Augmented+3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780195288810&rft.aulast=Coogan&rft.aufirst=Michael+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHmpMPgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrenshaw2007" class="citation book cs1">Crenshaw, James L. (2007). "17. Job". In <a href="/wiki/John_Barton_(theologian)" title="John Barton (theologian)">Barton, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Muddiman" title="John Muddiman">Muddiman, John</a> (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ"><i>The Oxford Bible Commentary</i></a> (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">331–</span>355. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199277186" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199277186"><bdi>978-0199277186</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=17.+Job&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Bible+Commentary&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E331-%3C%2Fspan%3E355&rft.edition=first+%28paperback%29&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0199277186&rft.aulast=Crenshaw&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZJdVkgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEstes2013" class="citation book cs1">Estes, Daniel J. (2013). Walton, John H.; Strauss, Mark L. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SpFRU1n-oUMC"><i>Job</i></a>. Teach the Text Commentary Series. United States: Baker Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441242778" title="Special:BookSources/9781441242778"><bdi>9781441242778</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Job&rft.place=United+States&rft.series=Teach+the+Text+Commentary+Series&rft.pub=Baker+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781441242778&rft.aulast=Estes&rft.aufirst=Daniel+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSpFRU1n-oUMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarmer1998" class="citation book cs1">Farmer, Kathleen A. (1998). "The Wisdom Books". In McKenzie, Steven L.; Graham, Matt Patrick (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=owwhpmIVgSAC"><i>The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues</i></a>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-66425652-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-66425652-4"><bdi>978-0-66425652-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Wisdom+Books&rft.btitle=The+Hebrew+Bible+Today%3A+An+Introduction+to+Critical+Issues&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-66425652-4&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Kathleen+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DowwhpmIVgSAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHalley1965" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hampton_Halley" title="Henry Hampton Halley">Halley, Henry H.</a> (1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zsG4oLToI7oC"><i>Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary</i></a> (24th (revised) ed.). Zondervan Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-310-25720-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-310-25720-4"><bdi>0-310-25720-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Halley%27s+Bible+Handbook%3A+an+abbreviated+Bible+commentary&rft.edition=24th+%28revised%29&rft.pub=Zondervan+Publishing+House&rft.date=1965&rft.isbn=0-310-25720-4&rft.aulast=Halley&rft.aufirst=Henry+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzsG4oLToI7oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKuglerHartin2009" class="citation book cs1">Kugler, Robert; Hartin, Patrick J. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L8WbXbPjxpoC"><i>An Introduction to the Bible</i></a>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4636-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4636-5"><bdi>978-0-8028-4636-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Bible&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-4636-5&rft.aulast=Kugler&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Hartin%2C+Patrick+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL8WbXbPjxpoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWalton2012" class="citation book cs1">Walton, John H. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNQ9CvY0NccC"><i>Job</i></a>. United States: Zondervan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780310492009" title="Special:BookSources/9780310492009"><bdi>9780310492009</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Job&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780310492009&rft.aulast=Walton&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNQ9CvY0NccC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilson2015" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Lindsay (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_IpyCgAAQBAJ"><i>Job</i></a>. United States: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781467443289" title="Special:BookSources/9781467443289"><bdi>9781467443289</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Job&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781467443289&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Lindsay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_IpyCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWürthwein1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_W%C3%BCrthwein" title="Ernst Würthwein">Würthwein, Ernst</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC"><i>The Text of the Old Testament</i></a>. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-0788-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-0788-7"><bdi>0-8028-0788-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+Old+Testament&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+MI&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8028-0788-7&rft.aulast=W%C3%BCrthwein&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFSNKSBObCYwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJob+2" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Job_2&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> translations: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16404">Iyov - Job - Chapter 2 (Judaica Press)</a> translation [with <a href="/wiki/Rashi" title="Rashi">Rashi</a>'s commentary] at Chabad.org</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> translations: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Job+2"><i>Online Bible</i> at GospelHall.org</a> (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)</li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=22&chapter=2&version=9">Book of Job Chapter 2 King James Version</a></li> <li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/search?title=Book+of+Job&author=&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced"><i>Book of Job</i></a> public domain audiobook at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> Various versions</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Book_of_Job266" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Book_of_Job" title="Template:Book of Job"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Book_of_Job" title="Template talk:Book of Job"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Book_of_Job" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Book of Job"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Book_of_Job266" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Book of Job</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">In Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_rabbinic_literature" title="Job in rabbinic literature">In rabbinic literature</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> <a href="/wiki/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible" title="Chapters and verses of the Bible">chapters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Prologue (<a href="/wiki/Job_1" title="Job 1">Job 1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2</a>)</li> <li>Dialogue (<a href="/wiki/Job_3" title="Job 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_4" title="Job 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_5" title="Job 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_6" title="Job 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_7" title="Job 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_8" title="Job 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_9" title="Job 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_10" title="Job 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_11" title="Job 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_12" title="Job 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_13" title="Job 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_14" title="Job 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_15" title="Job 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_16" title="Job 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_17" title="Job 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_18" title="Job 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_19" title="Job 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_20" title="Job 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_21" title="Job 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_22" title="Job 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_23" title="Job 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_24" title="Job 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_25" title="Job 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_26" title="Job 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_27" title="Job 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_28" title="Job 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_29" title="Job 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_30" title="Job 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_31" title="Job 31">31</a>)</li> <li>Verdicts (<a href="/wiki/Job_32" title="Job 32">32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_33" title="Job 33">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_34" title="Job 34">34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_35" title="Job 35">35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_36" title="Job 36">36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_37" title="Job 37">37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_38" title="Job 38">38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_39" title="Job 39">39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_40" title="Job 40">40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_41" title="Job 41">41</a>)</li> <li>Epilogue (<a href="/wiki/Job_42" title="Job 42">42</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People and entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Job's family members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Job%27s_wife" title="Job's wife">Job's wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemima_(Bible)" title="Jemima (Bible)">Jemima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keziah" title="Keziah">Keziah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keren-happuch" title="Keren-happuch">Keren-happuch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Job's friends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bildad" title="Bildad">Bildad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elihu_(Job)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elihu (Job)">Elihu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zophar" title="Zophar">Zophar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliphaz_(Job)" title="Eliphaz (Job)">Eliphaz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Satan" title="Satan">Satan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behemoth" title="Behemoth">Behemoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Chaldeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jobab_ben_Zerah" title="Jobab ben Zerah">Jobab ben Zerah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leviathan" title="Leviathan">Leviathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahab_(term)" title="Rahab (term)">Rahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabaeans">Sabeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuah" title="Shuah">Shuah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tannin_(monster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tannin (monster)">Tannin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziz" title="Ziz">Ziz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophir" title="Ophir">Ophir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheba" title="Sheba">Sheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Tema" title="Land of Tema">Tema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teman_(Edom)" title="Teman (Edom)">Teman (Edom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Uz" title="Land of Uz">Uz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases/Terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elohim" title="Elohim">Eloah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Shaddai" title="El Shaddai">Shaddai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">YHWH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chol_(Bible)" title="Chol (Bible)">Chol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related religious texts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Book of Ezekiel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_14:14" class="mw-redirect" title="Ezekiel 14:14">14:14</a><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_14:20" class="mw-redirect" title="Ezekiel 14:20">–20</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Sirach" title="Book of Sirach">Book of Sirach</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Ecclesiasticus%2049:9&version=nrsvae">49:9</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_of_James" title="Epistle of James">Epistle of James</a> (<a href="/wiki/James_5:11" class="mw-redirect" title="James 5:11">5:11</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_Oxyrhynchus_3522" title="Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 3522">Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 3522</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Job" title="Testament of Job">Testament of Job</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moralia_in_Job" title="Moralia in Job">Moralia in Job</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moralia_in_Job_(British_Library,_Add_MS_31031)" title="Moralia in Job (British Library, Add MS 31031)">Add MS 31031</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moralia_in_Job_of_945" title="Moralia in Job of 945">of 945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%AEteaux_Moralia_in_Job" title="Cîteaux Moralia in Job">Cîteaux</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adam%27s_Apples" title="Adam's Apples">Adam's Apples</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Serious_Man" title="A Serious Man">A Serious Man</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Reverend_(film)" title="The Reverend (film)">The Reverend</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leviathan_(2014_film)" title="Leviathan (2014 film)">Leviathan</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shift_(2023_film)" title="The Shift (2023 film)">The Shift</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Job_(novel)" title="Job (novel)">Job</a></i> (1930 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Job_(radio_play)" title="Job (radio play)">Job</a></i> (1939 radio play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Masque_of_Reason" title="A Masque of Reason">A Masque of Reason</a></i> (1945 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silverlock" title="Silverlock">Silverlock</a></i> (1949 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Answer_to_Job" title="Answer to Job">Answer to Job</a></i> (1952 analysis)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J.B._(play)" title="J.B. (play)">J.B.</a></i> (1958 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Favorite" title="God's Favorite">God's Favorite</a></i> (1974 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Job%27s_Passion" title="Job's Passion">Job's Passion</a></i> (1981 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Job:_A_Comedy_of_Justice" title="Job: A Comedy of Justice">Job: A Comedy of Justice</a></i> (1984 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Job%27s_Wife" title="Job's Wife">Job's Wife</a></i> (2002 play)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job_in_Byzantine_illuminated_manuscripts" title="Book of Job in Byzantine illuminated manuscripts">Byzantine illuminated manuscripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_(Shea)" title="Job (Shea)"><i>Job</i></a> (Bronze sculpture by <a href="/wiki/Judith_Shea" title="Judith Shea">Judith Shea</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake%27s_Illustrations_of_the_Book_of_Job" title="William Blake's Illustrations of the Book of Job">William Blake's <i>Illustrations of the Book of Job</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Job" title="Tomb of Job">Tomb of Job</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%90%D7%99%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93" class="extiw" title="wikisource:he:איוב ניקוד">Hebrew Bible</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%99%CF%8E%CE%B2" class="extiw" title="wikisource:el:Ιώβ">Septuagint</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Wycliffe)/Job" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (Wycliffe)/Job">Wycliffe Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Job" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (King James)/Job">King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(American_Standard)/Job" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/Job">American Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(World_English)/Job" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (World English)/Job">World English Version</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Job_2&oldid=1252397055">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Job_2&oldid=1252397055</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Book_of_Job_chapters" title="Category:Book of Job chapters">Book of Job chapters</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Hebrew-language text">Articles containing Hebrew-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_numeric_Bible_version_references" title="Category:Pages with numeric Bible version references">Pages with numeric Bible version references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LibriVox_links" title="Category:Articles with LibriVox links">Articles with LibriVox links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 October 2024, at 04:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Job_2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Job 2</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>2 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-fb96cc848-9mv8q","wgBackendResponseTime":161,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.690","walltime":"1.064","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3461,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":62659,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3164,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":52603,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 895.739 1 -total"," 24.91% 223.168 1 Template:Columns-list"," 18.08% 161.938 4 Template:Lang"," 16.30% 146.044 10 Template:Cite_book"," 12.95% 115.958 29 Template:Sfn"," 11.57% 103.660 1 Template:Book_of_Job"," 11.46% 102.674 3 Template:Navbox"," 5.67% 50.756 1 Template:Bible_chapter"," 5.13% 45.966 1 Template:Infobox"," 3.96% 35.432 1 Template:Reflist"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.450","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16358224,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAlter2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCoogan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrenshaw2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEstes2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarmer1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHalley1965\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuglerHartin2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalton2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWürthwein1995\"] = 1,\n [\"Verses_1–6\"] = 1,\n [\"Verses_7–13\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Anchor\"] = 2,\n [\"Bible chapter\"] = 1,\n [\"Bibleref2\"] = 6,\n [\"Bibleverse\"] = 4,\n [\"Book of Job\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 10,\n [\"Columns-list\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Job 02\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 4,\n [\"Langx\"] = 6,\n [\"Librivox book\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 29,\n [\"Strong-number\"] = 16,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.eqiad.main-7bd758ccc-rzh2f","timestamp":"20250331185235","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Job 2","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Job_2","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12472940","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q12472940","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2022-07-29T20:33:17Z","dateModified":"2024-10-21T04:47:14Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1f\/Leningrad-codex-16-job.pdf"}</script> </body> </html>