CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: computational complexity</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: computational complexity"> <meta name="keywords" content="computational complexity"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="computational complexity" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="computational complexity"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3531</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: computational complexity</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3531</span> A Subband BSS Structure with Reduced Complexity and Fast Convergence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Al-Din%20I.%20Badran">Salah Al-Din I. Badran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samad%20Ahmadi"> Samad Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Shahin"> Ismail Shahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A blind source separation method is proposed; in this method, we use a non-uniform filter bank and a novel normalisation. This method provides a reduced computational complexity and increased convergence speed comparing to the full-band algorithm. Recently, adaptive sub-band scheme has been recommended to solve two problems: reduction of computational complexity and increase the convergence speed of the adaptive algorithm for correlated input signals. In this work, the reduction in computational complexity is achieved with the use of adaptive filters of orders less than the full-band adaptive filters, which operate at a sampling rate lower than the sampling rate of the input signal. The decomposed signals by analysis bank filter are less correlated in each subband than the input signal at full bandwidth, and can promote better rates of convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20source%20separation" title="blind source separation">blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity" title=" computational complexity"> computational complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subband" title=" subband"> subband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20speed" title=" convergence speed"> convergence speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture" title=" mixture "> mixture </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33346/a-subband-bss-structure-with-reduced-complexity-and-fast-convergence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3530</span> Rapid Algorithm for GPS Signal Acquisition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabricio%20Costa%20Silva">Fabricio Costa Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Xavier%20de%20Souza"> Samuel Xavier de Souza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver is responsible to determine position, velocity and timing information by using satellite information. To get this information are necessary to combine an incoming and a locally generated signal. The procedure called acquisition need to found two information, the frequency and phase of the incoming signal. This is very time consuming, so there are several techniques to reduces the computational complexity, but each of then put projects issues in conflict. I this papers we present a method that can reduce the computational complexity by reducing the search space and paralleling the search. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title=" acquisition"> acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title=" complexity"> complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallelism" title=" parallelism"> parallelism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21960/rapid-algorithm-for-gps-signal-acquisition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">538</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3529</span> Rapid Parallel Algorithm for GPS Signal Acquisition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabricio%20Costa%20Silva">Fabricio Costa Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Xavier%20de%20Souza"> Samuel Xavier de Souza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver is responsible to determine position, velocity and timing information by using satellite information. To get this information's are necessary to combine an incoming and a locally generated signal. The procedure called acquisition need to found two information, the frequency and phase of the incoming signal. This is very time consuming, so there are several techniques to reduces the computational complexity, but each of then put projects issues in conflict. I this papers we present a method that can reduce the computational complexity by reducing the search space and paralleling the search. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title=" acquisition"> acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20complexity" title=" low complexity"> low complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallelism" title=" parallelism"> parallelism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21803/rapid-parallel-algorithm-for-gps-signal-acquisition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">500</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3528</span> A Fast Convergence Subband BSS Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Al-Din%20I.%20Badran">Salah Al-Din I. Badran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samad%20Ahmadi"> Samad Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Shahin"> Ismail Shahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A blind source separation method is proposed; in this method we use a non-uniform filter bank and a novel normalisation. This method provides a reduced computational complexity and increased convergence speed comparing to the full-band algorithm. Recently, adaptive sub-band scheme has been recommended to solve two problems: reduction of computational complexity and increase the convergence speed of the adaptive algorithm for correlated input signals. In this work the reduction in computational complexity is achieved with the use of adaptive filters of orders less than the full-band adaptive filters, which operate at a sampling rate lower than the sampling rate of the input signal. The decomposed signals by analysis bank filter are less correlated in each sub-band than the input signal at full bandwidth, and can promote better rates of convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blind%20source%20separation" title="blind source separation">blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity" title=" computational complexity"> computational complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subband" title=" subband"> subband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20speed" title=" convergence speed"> convergence speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture" title=" mixture"> mixture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33150/a-fast-convergence-subband-bss-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3527</span> Fast and Efficient Algorithms for Evaluating Uniform and Nonuniform Lagrange and Newton Curves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taweechai%20Nuntawisuttiwong">Taweechai Nuntawisuttiwong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasha%20Dejdumrong"> Natasha Dejdumrong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Newton-Lagrange Interpolations are widely used in numerical analysis. However, it requires a quadratic computational time for their constructions. In computer aided geometric design (CAGD), there are some polynomial curves: Wang-Ball, DP and Dejdumrong curves, which have linear time complexity algorithms. Thus, the computational time for Newton-Lagrange Interpolations can be reduced by applying the algorithms of Wang-Ball, DP and Dejdumrong curves. In order to use Wang-Ball, DP and Dejdumrong algorithms, first, it is necessary to convert Newton-Lagrange polynomials into Wang-Ball, DP or Dejdumrong polynomials. In this work, the algorithms for converting from both uniform and non-uniform Newton-Lagrange polynomials into Wang-Ball, DP and Dejdumrong polynomials are investigated. Thus, the computational time for representing Newton-Lagrange polynomials can be reduced into linear complexity. In addition, the other utilizations of using CAGD curves to modify the Newton-Lagrange curves can be taken. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lagrange%20interpolation" title="Lagrange interpolation">Lagrange interpolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20complexity" title=" linear complexity"> linear complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monomial%20matrix" title=" monomial matrix"> monomial matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Newton%20interpolation" title=" Newton interpolation"> Newton interpolation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110424/fast-and-efficient-algorithms-for-evaluating-uniform-and-nonuniform-lagrange-and-newton-curves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3526</span> Development of the Ontology of Engineering Design Complexity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20E.%20%20Lopez">Victor E. Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Dale%20Thomas"> L. Dale Thomas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As engineered systems become more complex, the difficulty associated with predicting, developing, and operating engineered systems also increases, resulting in increased costs, failure rates, and unexpected consequences. Successfully managing the complexity of the system should reduce these negative consequences. The study of complexity in the context of engineering development has suffered due to the ambiguity of the nature of complexity, what makes a system complex and how complexity translates to real world engineering attributes and consequences. This paper argues that the use of an ontology of engineering design complexity would i) improve the clarity of the research being performed by allowing researchers to use a common conceptualization of complexity, with more precise terminology, and ii) elucidate the connections between certain types of complexity and their consequences for system development. The ontology comprises concepts of complexity found in the literature and the different relations that exists between them. The ontology maps different complexity concepts such as structural complexity, creation complexity, and information entropy, and then relates the to system aspects such as interfaces, development effort, and modularity. The ontology is represented using the Web Ontology Language (OWL). This paper presents the current status of the ontology of engineering design complexity, the main challenges encountered, and the future plans for the ontology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20complexity" title="design complexity">design complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontology" title=" ontology"> ontology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20effort" title=" design effort"> design effort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20ontology" title=" complexity ontology"> complexity ontology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138740/development-of-the-ontology-of-engineering-design-complexity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3525</span> A Comparative Study of High Order Rotated Group Iterative Schemes on Helmholtz Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhashidah%20Hj.%20Mohd%20Ali">Norhashidah Hj. Mohd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teng%20Wai%20Ping"> Teng Wai Ping</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a high order group explicit method in solving the two dimensional Helmholtz equation<em>.</em> The presented method is derived from a nine-point fourth order finite difference approximation formula obtained from a 45-degree rotation of the standard grid which makes it possible for the construction of iterative procedure with reduced complexity. The developed method will be compared with the existing group iterative schemes available in literature in terms of computational time, iteration counts, and computational complexity. The comparative performances of the methods will be discussed and reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explicit%20group%20method" title="explicit group method">explicit group method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference" title=" finite difference"> finite difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helmholtz%20equation" title=" helmholtz equation"> helmholtz equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotated%20grid" title=" rotated grid"> rotated grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20grid" title=" standard grid"> standard grid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51535/a-comparative-study-of-high-order-rotated-group-iterative-schemes-on-helmholtz-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3524</span> Modified RSA in Mobile Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagaratna%20Rajur">Nagaratna Rajur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20D.%20Mallapur"> J. D. Mallapur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20B.%20Kirankumar"> Y. B. Kirankumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The security in mobile communication is very different from the internet or telecommunication, because of its poor user interface and limited processing capacity, as well as combination of complex network protocols. Hence, it poses a challenge for less memory usage and low computation speed based security system. Security involves all the activities that are undertaken to protect the value and on-going usability of assets and the integrity and continuity of operations. An effective network security strategies requires identifying threats and then choosing the most effective set of tools to combat them. Cryptography is a simple and efficient way to provide security in communication. RSA is an asymmetric key approach that is highly reliable and widely used in internet communication. However, it has not been efficiently implemented in mobile communication due its computational complexity and large memory utilization. The proposed algorithm modifies the current RSA to be useful in mobile communication by reducing its computational complexity and memory utilization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M-RSA" title="M-RSA">M-RSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20networks" title=" sensor networks"> sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20applications" title=" sensor applications"> sensor applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6682/modified-rsa-in-mobile-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6682.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3523</span> Cognitive Weighted Polymorphism Factor: A New Cognitive Complexity Metric</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Francis%20Thamburaj">T. Francis Thamburaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Aloysius"> A. Aloysius</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymorphism is one of the main pillars of the object-oriented paradigm. It induces hidden forms of class dependencies which may impact software quality, resulting in higher cost factor for comprehending, debugging, testing, and maintaining the software. In this paper, a new cognitive complexity metric called Cognitive Weighted Polymorphism Factor (CWPF) is proposed. Apart from the software structural complexity, it includes the cognitive complexity on the basis of type. The cognitive weights are calibrated based on 27 empirical studies with 120 persons. A case study and experimentation of the new software metric shows positive results. Further, a comparative study is made and the correlation test has proved that CWPF complexity metric is a better, more comprehensive, and more realistic indicator of the software complexity than Abreu’s Polymorphism Factor (PF) complexity metric. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20complexity%20metric" title="cognitive complexity metric">cognitive complexity metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object-oriented%20metrics" title=" object-oriented metrics"> object-oriented metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphism%20factor" title=" polymorphism factor"> polymorphism factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20metrics" title=" software metrics"> software metrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36961/cognitive-weighted-polymorphism-factor-a-new-cognitive-complexity-metric" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3522</span> Low Complexity Deblocking Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagroop%20Singh%20Sidhu">Jagroop Singh Sidhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buta%20Singh"> Buta Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A low computational deblocking filter including three frequency related modes (smooth mode, intermediate mode, and non-smooth mode for low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high frequency regions, respectively) is proposed. The suggested approach requires zero additions, zero subtractions, zero multiplications (for intermediate region), no divisions (for non-smooth region) and no comparison. The suggested method thus keeps the computation lower and thus suitable for image coding systems based on blocks. Comparison of average number of operations for smooth, non-smooth, intermediate (per pixel vector for each block) using filter suggested by Chen and the proposed method filter suggests that the proposed filter keeps the computation lower and is thus suitable for fast processing algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blocking%20artifacts" title="blocking artifacts">blocking artifacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity" title=" computational complexity"> computational complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-smooth" title=" non-smooth"> non-smooth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermediate" title=" intermediate"> intermediate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smooth" title=" smooth"> smooth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47157/low-complexity-deblocking-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47157.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3521</span> Conceptualising Project Complexity in Ghana’s Construction Industry: A Qualitative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwasi%20%20Dartey-Baah">Kwasi Dartey-Baah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mias%20De%20Klerk"> Mias De Klerk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Project complexity has been cited as one of the essential areas of project management. It can be observed from environmental, social, technological, and organisational viewpoints, and its handling is critical to project success. Conceptualised in varied industries, this paper seeks to ascertain the meaning and understanding of project complexity within the Ghanaian construction industry based on the three dimensions of complexities (faith, fact, and interaction) using experts' opinions. Taking the form of a focus group discussion, the paper sought to gain an in-depth understanding of project complexity issues in Ghana’s construction industry. The method use obtained data from experts (a purposely selected group) comprising project leaders and project management academics. The findings indicated that the experts broadly agreed with the complexity items but offered varied reasons for their agreement. In the composite assessment of the complexity dimensions of (faith, fact, and interaction), it emerged that there was some agreement with the complexity dimensions of fact and interaction within Ghana’s construction industry. On the other hand, with the dimension for complexity by faith, it was noted that the experts in Ghana’s construction construed complexity by faith, not as the absence of evidence but the evidence that hinges on at least a member of the project team. It is expected that other researches on project complexity will focus on other industries to enhance the knowledge of the same within the field of project management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20complexity" title="project complexity">project complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20by%20faith" title=" complexity by faith"> complexity by faith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20by%20fact" title=" complexity by fact"> complexity by fact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20by%20interaction" title=" complexity by interaction"> complexity by interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20industry" title=" construction industry"> construction industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124411/conceptualising-project-complexity-in-ghanas-construction-industry-a-qualitative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3520</span> Low-Complexity Multiplication Using Complement and Signed-Digit Recoding Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Te-Jen%20Chang">Te-Jen Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Hui%20Pan"> I-Hui Pan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping-Sheng%20Huang"> Ping-Sheng Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shan-Jen%20Cheng"> Shan-Jen Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a fast multiplication computing method utilizing the complement representation method and canonical recoding technique is proposed. By performing complements and canonical recoding technique, the number of partial products can be reduced. Based on these techniques, we propose an algorithm that provides an efficient multiplication method. On average, our proposed algorithm is to reduce the number of k-bit additions from (0.25k+logk/k+2.5) to (k/6 +logk/k+2.5), where k is the bit-length of the multiplicand A and multiplier B. We can therefore efficiently speed up the overall performance of the multiplication. Moreover, if we use the new proposes to compute common-multiplicand multiplication, the computational complexity can be reduced from (0.5 k+2 logk/k+5) to (k/3+2 logk/k+5) k-bit additions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm%20design" title="algorithm design">algorithm design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20analysis" title=" complexity analysis"> complexity analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canonical%20recoding" title=" canonical recoding"> canonical recoding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20key%20cryptography" title=" public key cryptography"> public key cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common-multiplicand%20multiplication" title=" common-multiplicand multiplication"> common-multiplicand multiplication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9129/low-complexity-multiplication-using-complement-and-signed-digit-recoding-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3519</span> The Complexity of Testing Cryptographic Devices on Input Faults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisher%20Ikramov">Alisher Ikramov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayrat%20Juraev"> Gayrat Juraev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The production of logic devices faces the occurrence of faults during manufacturing. This work analyses the complexity of testing a special type of logic device on inverse, adhesion, and constant input faults. The focus of this work is on devices that implement cryptographic functions. The complexity values for the general case faults and for some frequently occurring subsets were determined and proved in this work. For a special case, when the length of the text block is equal to the length of the key block, the complexity of testing is proven to be asymptotically half the complexity of testing all logic devices on the same types of input faults. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title="complexity">complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptographic%20devices" title=" cryptographic devices"> cryptographic devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input%20faults" title=" input faults"> input faults</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testing" title=" testing"> testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138485/the-complexity-of-testing-cryptographic-devices-on-input-faults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3518</span> Reduced Complexity of ML Detection Combined with DFE</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Hyun%20Ro">Jae-Hyun Ro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Jun%20Kim"> Yong-Jun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Bin%20Ha"> Chang-Bin Ha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyoung-Kyu%20Song"> Hyoung-Kyu Song </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems, many detection schemes have been developed to improve the error performance and to reduce the complexity. Maximum likelihood (ML) detection has optimal error performance but it has very high complexity. Thus, this paper proposes reduced complexity of ML detection combined with decision feedback equalizer (DFE). The error performance of the proposed detection scheme is higher than the conventional DFE. But the complexity of the proposed scheme is lower than the conventional ML detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection" title="detection">detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFE" title=" DFE"> DFE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIMO-OFDM" title=" MIMO-OFDM"> MIMO-OFDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ML" title=" ML"> ML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42215/reduced-complexity-of-ml-detection-combined-with-dfe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">610</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3517</span> Software Engineering Revolution Driven by Complexity Science</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jay%20Xiong">Jay Xiong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lin"> Li Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces a new software engineering paradigm based on complexity science, called NSE (Nonlinear Software Engineering paradigm). The purpose of establishing NSE is to help software development organizations double their productivity, half their cost, and increase the quality of their products in several orders of magnitude simultaneously. NSE complies with the essential principles of complexity science. NSE brings revolutionary changes to almost all aspects in software engineering. NSE has been fully implemented with its support platform Panorama++. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20science" title="complexity science">complexity science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20development" title=" software development"> software development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20engineering" title=" software engineering"> software engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20maintenance" title=" software maintenance"> software maintenance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41084/software-engineering-revolution-driven-by-complexity-science" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3516</span> Hardware Implementation and Real-time Experimental Validation of a Direction of Arrival Estimation Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nizar%20Tayem">Nizar Tayem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AbuMuhammad%20Moinuddeen"> AbuMuhammad Moinuddeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20Hussain"> Ahmed A. Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redha%20M.%20Radaydeh"> Redha M. Radaydeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper introduces an approach for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of multiple RF noncoherent sources in a uniform linear array (ULA). The proposed method utilizes a Capon-like estimation algorithm and incorporates LU decomposition to enhance the accuracy of DOA estimation while significantly reducing computational complexity compared to existing methods like the Capon method. Notably, the proposed method does not require prior knowledge of the number of sources. To validate its effectiveness, the proposed method undergoes validation through both software simulations and practical experimentation on a prototype testbed constructed using a software-defined radio (SDR) platform and GNU Radio software. The results obtained from MATLAB simulations and real-time experiments provide compelling evidence of the proposed method's efficacy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DOA%20estimation" title="DOA estimation">DOA estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20validation" title=" real-time validation"> real-time validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20defined%20radio" title=" software defined radio"> software defined radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity" title=" computational complexity"> computational complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Capon%27s%20method" title=" Capon's method"> Capon's method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNU%20radio" title=" GNU radio"> GNU radio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171293/hardware-implementation-and-real-time-experimental-validation-of-a-direction-of-arrival-estimation-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3515</span> Examining the Development of Complexity, Accuracy and Fluency in L2 Learners' Writing after L2 Instruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Barkaoui">Khaled Barkaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research on second-language (L2) learning tends to focus on comparing students with different levels of proficiency at one point in time. However, to understand L2 development, we need more longitudinal research. In this study, we adopt a longitudinal approach to examine changes in three indicators of L2 ability, complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF), as reflected in the writing of L2 learners when writing on different tasks before and after a period L2 instruction. Each of 85 Chinese learners of English at three levels of English language proficiency responded to two writing tasks (independent and integrated) before and after nine months of English-language study in China. Each essay (N= 276) was analyzed in terms of numerous CAF indices using both computer coding and human rating: number of words written, number of errors per 100 words, ratings of error severity, global syntactic complexity (MLS), complexity by coordination (T/S), complexity by subordination (C/T), clausal complexity (MLC), phrasal complexity (NP density), syntactic variety, lexical density, lexical variation, lexical sophistication, and lexical bundles. Results were then compared statistically across tasks, L2 proficiency levels, and time. Overall, task type had significant effects on fluency and some syntactic complexity indices (complexity by coordination, structural variety, clausal complexity, phrase complexity) and lexical density, sophistication, and bundles, but not accuracy. L2 proficiency had significant effects on fluency, accuracy, and lexical variation, but not syntactic complexity. Finally, fluency, frequency of errors, but not accuracy ratings, syntactic complexity indices (clausal complexity, global complexity, complexity by subordination, phrase complexity, structural variety) and lexical complexity (lexical density, variation, and sophistication) exhibited significant changes after instruction, particularly for the independent task. We discuss the findings and their implications for assessment, instruction, and research on CAF in the context of L2 writing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20language%20writing" title="second language writing">second language writing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fluency" title=" Fluency"> Fluency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accuracy" title=" accuracy"> accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title=" complexity"> complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal" title=" longitudinal "> longitudinal </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125705/examining-the-development-of-complexity-accuracy-and-fluency-in-l2-learners-writing-after-l2-instruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3514</span> A Time-Reducible Approach to Compute Determinant |I-X|</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Xingbo">Wang Xingbo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computation of determinant in the form |I-<em>X</em>| is primary and fundamental because it can help to compute many other determinants. This article puts forward a time-reducible approach to compute determinant |I-<em>X</em>|. The approach is derived from the Newton’s identity and its time complexity is no more than that to compute the eigenvalues of the square matrix <em>X</em>. Mathematical deductions and numerical example are presented in detail for the approach. By comparison with classical approaches the new approach is proved to be superior to the classical ones and it can naturally reduce the computational time with the improvement of efficiency to compute eigenvalues of the square matrix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm" title="algorithm">algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinant" title=" determinant"> determinant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation" title=" computation"> computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvalue" title=" eigenvalue"> eigenvalue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20complexity" title=" time complexity"> time complexity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47622/a-time-reducible-approach-to-compute-determinant-i-x" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3513</span> The Relationship between Rhythmic Complexity and Listening Engagement as a Proxy for Perceptual Interest</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noah%20R.%20Fram">Noah R. Fram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although it has been confirmed by multiple studies, the inverted-U relationship between stimulus complexity and preference (liking) remains contentious. Research aimed at substantiating the model are largely reliant upon anecdotal self-assessments of subjects and basic measures of complexity, leaving potential confounds unresolved. This study attempts to address the topic by assessing listening time as a behavioral correlate of liking (with the assumption that engagement prolongs listening time) and by looking for latent factors underlying several measures of rhythmic complexity. Participants listened to groups of rhythms, stopping each one when they started to lose interest and were asked to rate each rhythm in each group in terms of interest, complexity, and preference. Subjects were not informed that the time spent listening to each rhythm was the primary measure of interest. The hypothesis that listening time does demonstrate the same inverted-U relationship with complexity as verbal reports of liking was confirmed using a variety of metrics for rhythmic complexity, including meter-dependent measures of syncopation and meter-independent measures of entropy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title="complexity">complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhythm" title=" rhythm"> rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syncopation" title=" syncopation"> syncopation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102786/the-relationship-between-rhythmic-complexity-and-listening-engagement-as-a-proxy-for-perceptual-interest" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102786.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3512</span> The Quality of Management: A Leadership Maturity Model to Leverage Complexity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marlene%20Kuhn">Marlene Kuhn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franziska%20Sch%C3%A4fer"> Franziska Schäfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heiner%20Otten"> Heiner Otten</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today´s production processes experience a constant increase in complexity paving new ways for progressive forms of leadership. In the customized production, individual customer requirements drive companies to adapt their manufacturing processes constantly while the pressure for smaller lot sizes, lower costs and faster lead times grows simultaneously. When production processes are becoming more dynamic and complex, the conventional quality management approaches show certain limitations. This paper gives an introduction to complexity science from a quality management perspective. By analyzing and evaluating different characteristics of complexity, the critical complexity parameters are identified and assessed. We found that the quality of leadership plays a crucial role when dealing with increasing complexity. Therefore, we developed a concept for qualitative leadership customized for the management within complex processes based on a maturity model. The maturity model was then applied in the industry to assess the leadership quality of several shop floor managers with a positive evaluation feedback. In result, the maturity model proved to be a sustainable approach to leverage the rising complexity in production processes more effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maturity%20model" title="maturity model">maturity model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20complexity" title=" process complexity"> process complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20leadership" title=" quality of leadership"> quality of leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20management" title=" quality management"> quality management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78144/the-quality-of-management-a-leadership-maturity-model-to-leverage-complexity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3511</span> An Approach to Capture, Evaluate and Handle Complexity of Engineering Change Occurrences in New Product Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Rostami%20Mehr">Mohammad Rostami Mehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Arya%20Mir%20Rashed"> Seyed Arya Mir Rashed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arndt%20Lueder"> Arndt Lueder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Missler-Behr"> Magdalena Missler-Behr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper represents the conception that complex problems do not necessarily need a similar complex solution in order to cope with the complexity. Furthermore, a simple solution based on established methods can provide a sufficient way to deal with the complexity. To verify this conception, the presented paper focuses on the field of change management as a part of the new product development process in the automotive sector. In this field, dealing with increasing complexity is essential, while only non-flexible rigid processes that are not designed to handle complexity are available. The basic methodology of this paper can be divided into four main sections: 1) analyzing the complexity of the change management, 2) literature review in order to identify potential solutions and methods, 3) capturing and implementing expertise of experts from the change management field of an automobile manufacturing company and 4) systematical comparison of the identified methods from literature and connecting these with defined requirements of the complexity of the change management in order to develop a solution. As a practical outcome, this paper provides a method to capture the complexity of engineering changes (EC) and includes it within the EC evaluation process, following case-related process guidance to cope with the complexity. Furthermore, this approach supports the conception that dealing with complexity is possible while utilizing rather simple and established methods by combining them into a powerful tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20management" title="complexity management">complexity management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20product%20development" title=" new product development"> new product development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20change%20management" title=" engineering change management"> engineering change management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexibility" title=" flexibility"> flexibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138660/an-approach-to-capture-evaluate-and-handle-complexity-of-engineering-change-occurrences-in-new-product-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3510</span> Enhanced Face Recognition with Daisy Descriptors Using 1BT Based Registration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevil%20Igit">Sevil Igit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merve%20Meric"> Merve Meric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarp%20Erturk"> Sarp Erturk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, it is proposed to improve Daisy descriptor based face recognition using a novel One-Bit Transform (1BT) based pre-registration approach. The 1BT based pre-registration procedure is fast and has low computational complexity. It is shown that the face recognition accuracy is improved with the proposed approach. The proposed approach can facilitate highly accurate face recognition using DAISY descriptor with simple matching and thereby facilitate a low-complexity approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20recognition" title="face recognition">face recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daisy%20descriptor" title=" Daisy descriptor"> Daisy descriptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=One-Bit%20Transform" title=" One-Bit Transform"> One-Bit Transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20registration" title=" image registration"> image registration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12593/enhanced-face-recognition-with-daisy-descriptors-using-1bt-based-registration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3509</span> The Latent Model of Linguistic Features in Korean College Students’ L2 Argumentative Writings: Syntactic Complexity, Lexical Complexity, and Fluency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiyoung%20Bae">Jiyoung Bae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyoomi%20Kim"> Gyoomi Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores a range of linguistic features used in Korean college students’ argumentative writings for the purpose of developing a model that identifies variables which predict writing proficiencies. This study investigated the latent variable structure of L2 linguistic features, including syntactic complexity, the lexical complexity, and fluency. One hundred forty-six university students in Korea participated in this study. The results of the study’s confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that indicators of linguistic features from this study-provided a foundation for re-categorizing indicators found in extant research on L2 Korean writers depending on each latent variable of linguistic features. The CFA models indicated one measurement model of L2 syntactic complexity and L2 learners’ writing proficiency; these two latent factors were correlated with each other. Based on the overall findings of the study, integrated linguistic features of L2 writings suggested some pedagogical implications in L2 writing instructions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20features" title="linguistic features">linguistic features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syntactic%20complexity" title=" syntactic complexity"> syntactic complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lexical%20complexity" title=" lexical complexity"> lexical complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluency" title=" fluency"> fluency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100664/the-latent-model-of-linguistic-features-in-korean-college-students-l2-argumentative-writings-syntactic-complexity-lexical-complexity-and-fluency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3508</span> Complexity Leadership and Knowledge Management in Higher Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabhakar%20Venugopal%20G.">Prabhakar Venugopal G.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Complex environments triggered by globalization have necessitated new paradigms of leadership – complexity leadership that encompasses multiple roles that leaders need to take upon. The success of higher education institutions depends on how well leaders can provide adaptive, administrative and enabling leadership. Complexity leadership seems all the more relevant for institutions that are knowledge-driven and thrive on knowledge creation, knowledge storage and retrieval, knowledge sharing and knowledge applications. In this paper are the elements of globalization, the opportunities and challenges that are brought forth by globalization are discussed. The complexity leadership paradigm in a knowledge-based economy and the need for such a paradigm shift for higher education institutions is presented. Further, the paper also discusses the support the leader requires in a knowledge-driven economy through knowledge management initiatives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title="globalization">globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20leadership" title=" complexity leadership"> complexity leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management"> knowledge management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15650/complexity-leadership-and-knowledge-management-in-higher-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3507</span> The Biosphere as a Supercomputer Directing and Controlling Evolutionary Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20A.%20Krichtafovitch">Igor A. Krichtafovitch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The evolutionary processes are not linear. Long periods of quiet and slow development turn to rather rapid emergences of new species and even phyla. During Cambrian explosion, 22 new phyla were added to the previously existed 3 phyla. Contrary to the common credence the natural selection or a survival of the fittest cannot be accounted for the dominant evolution vector which is steady and accelerated advent of more complex and more intelligent living organisms. Neither Darwinism nor alternative concepts including panspermia and intelligent design propose a satisfactory solution for these phenomena. The proposed hypothesis offers a logical and plausible explanation of the evolutionary processes in general. It is based on two postulates: a) the Biosphere is a single living organism, all parts of which are interconnected, and b) the Biosphere acts as a giant biological supercomputer, storing and processing the information in digital and analog forms. Such supercomputer surpasses all human-made computers by many orders of magnitude. Living organisms are the product of intelligent creative action of the biosphere supercomputer. The biological evolution is driven by growing amount of information stored in the living organisms and increasing complexity of the biosphere as a single organism. Main evolutionary vector is not a survival of the fittest but an accelerated growth of the computational complexity of the living organisms. The following postulates may summarize the proposed hypothesis: biological evolution as a natural life origin and development is a reality. Evolution is a coordinated and controlled process. One of evolution’s main development vectors is a growing computational complexity of the living organisms and the biosphere’s intelligence. The intelligent matter which conducts and controls global evolution is a gigantic bio-computer combining all living organisms on Earth. The information is acting like a software stored in and controlled by the biosphere. Random mutations trigger this software, as is stipulated by Darwinian Evolution Theories, and it is further stimulated by the growing demand for the Biosphere’s global memory storage and computational complexity. Greater memory volume requires a greater number and more intellectually advanced organisms for storing and handling it. More intricate organisms require the greater computational complexity of biosphere in order to keep control over the living world. This is an endless recursive endeavor with accelerated evolutionary dynamic. New species emerge when two conditions are met: a) crucial environmental changes occur and/or global memory storage volume comes to its limit and b) biosphere computational complexity reaches critical mass capable of producing more advanced creatures. The hypothesis presented here is a naturalistic concept of life creation and evolution. The hypothesis logically resolves many puzzling problems with the current state evolution theory such as speciation, as a result of GM purposeful design, evolution development vector, as a need for growing global intelligence, punctuated equilibrium, happening when two above conditions a) and b) are met, the Cambrian explosion, mass extinctions, happening when more intelligent species should replace outdated creatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercomputer" title="supercomputer">supercomputer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20evolution" title=" biological evolution"> biological evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darwinism" title=" Darwinism"> Darwinism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speciation" title=" speciation"> speciation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100018/the-biosphere-as-a-supercomputer-directing-and-controlling-evolutionary-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3506</span> Production Line Layout Planning Based on Complexity Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guoliang%20Fan">Guoliang Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiping%20Li"> Aiping Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nan%20Xie"> Nan Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liyun%20Xu"> Liyun Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuemei%20Liu"> Xuemei Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mass customization production increases the difficulty of the production line layout planning. The material distribution process for variety of parts is very complex, which greatly increases the cost of material handling and logistics. In response to this problem, this paper presents an approach of production line layout planning based on complexity measurement. Firstly, by analyzing the influencing factors of equipment layout, the complexity model of production line is established by using information entropy theory. Then, the cost of the part logistics is derived considering different variety of parts. Furthermore, the function of optimization including two objectives of the lowest cost, and the least configuration complexity is built. Finally, the validity of the function is verified in a case study. The results show that the proposed approach may find the layout scheme with the lowest logistics cost and the least complexity. Optimized production line layout planning can effectively improve production efficiency and equipment utilization with lowest cost and complexity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20line" title="production line">production line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layout%20planning" title=" layout planning"> layout planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity%20measurement" title=" complexity measurement"> complexity measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20customization" title=" mass customization"> mass customization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75830/production-line-layout-planning-based-on-complexity-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3505</span> Extracting the Coupled Dynamics in Thin-Walled Beams from Numerical Data Bases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20Bani-Khaled">Mohammad A. Bani-Khaled</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work we use the Discrete Proper Orthogonal Decomposition transform to characterize the properties of coupled dynamics in thin-walled beams by exploiting numerical simulations obtained from finite element simulations. The outcomes of the will improve our understanding of the linear and nonlinear coupled behavior of thin-walled beams structures. Thin-walled beams have widespread usage in modern engineering application in both large scale structures (aeronautical structures), as well as in nano-structures (nano-tubes). Therefore, detailed knowledge in regard to the properties of coupled vibrations and buckling in these structures are of great interest in the research community. Due to the geometric complexity in the overall structure and in particular in the cross-sections it is necessary to involve computational mechanics to numerically simulate the dynamics. In using numerical computational techniques, it is not necessary to over simplify a model in order to solve the equations of motions. Computational dynamics methods produce databases of controlled resolution in time and space. These numerical databases contain information on the properties of the coupled dynamics. In order to extract the system dynamic properties and strength of coupling among the various fields of the motion, processing techniques are required. Time- Proper Orthogonal Decomposition transform is a powerful tool for processing databases for the dynamics. It will be used to study the coupled dynamics of thin-walled basic structures. These structures are ideal to form a basis for a systematic study of coupled dynamics in structures of complex geometry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupled%20dynamics" title="coupled dynamics">coupled dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20complexity" title=" geometric complexity"> geometric complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proper%20orthogonal%20decomposition%20%28POD%29" title=" proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)"> proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20walled%20beams" title=" thin walled beams"> thin walled beams</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22175/extracting-the-coupled-dynamics-in-thin-walled-beams-from-numerical-data-bases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3504</span> Critically Sampled Hybrid Trigonometry Generalized Discrete Fourier Transform for Multistandard Receiver Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temidayo%20Otunniyi">Temidayo Otunniyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a low computational channelization algorithm for the multi-standards platform using poly phase implementation of a critically sampled hybrid Trigonometry generalized Discrete Fourier Transform, (HGDFT). An HGDFT channelization algorithm exploits the orthogonality of two trigonometry Fourier functions, together with the properties of Quadrature Mirror Filter Bank (QMFB) and Exponential Modulated filter Bank (EMFB), respectively. HGDFT shows improvement in its implementation in terms of high reconfigurability, lower filter length, parallelism, and medium computational activities. Type 1 and type 111 poly phase structures are derived for real-valued HGDFT modulation. The design specifications are decimated critically and over-sampled for both single and multi standards receiver platforms. Evaluating the performance of oversampled single standard receiver channels, the HGDFT algorithm achieved 40% complexity reduction, compared to 34% and 38% reduction in the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and tree quadrature mirror filter (TQMF) algorithm. The parallel generalized discrete Fourier transform (PGDFT) and recombined generalized discrete Fourier transform (RGDFT) had 41% complexity reduction and HGDFT had a 46% reduction in oversampling multi-standards mode. While in the critically sampled multi-standard receiver channels, HGDFT had complexity reduction of 70% while both PGDFT and RGDFT had a 34% reduction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20defined%20radio" title="software defined radio">software defined radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channelization" title=" channelization"> channelization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20sample%20rate" title=" critical sample rate"> critical sample rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=over-sample%20rate" title=" over-sample rate"> over-sample rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154901/critically-sampled-hybrid-trigonometry-generalized-discrete-fourier-transform-for-multistandard-receiver-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3503</span> Robust Numerical Scheme for Pricing American Options under Jump Diffusion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Alrabeei">Salah Alrabeei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Yousuf"> Mohammad Yousuf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of option pricing theory is to help the investors to manage their money, enhance returns and control their financial future by theoretically valuing their options. However, most of the option pricing models have no analytical solution. Furthermore, not all the numerical methods are efficient to solve these models because they have nonsmoothing payoffs or discontinuous derivatives at the exercise price. In this paper, we solve the American option under jump diffusion models by using efficient time-dependent numerical methods. several techniques are integrated to reduced the overcome the computational complexity. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is used as a matrix-vector multiplication solver, which reduces the complexity from O(M2) into O(M logM). Partial fraction decomposition technique is applied to rational approximation schemes to overcome the complexity of inverting polynomial of matrices. The proposed method is easy to implement on serial or parallel versions. Numerical results are presented to prove the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20differential%20equations" title="integral differential equations">integral differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jump%E2%80%93diffusion%20model" title=" jump–diffusion model"> jump–diffusion model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=American%20options" title=" American options"> American options</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rational%20approximation" title=" rational approximation"> rational approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125266/robust-numerical-scheme-for-pricing-american-options-under-jump-diffusion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3502</span> Latitudinal Patterns of Pre-industrial Human Cultural Diversity and Societal Complexity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Chen">Xin Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pre-industrial old-world human cultural diversity and societal complexity exhibits remarkable geographic regularities. Along the latitudinal axis from the equator to the arctic, a descending trend of human ethno-cultural diversity is found to be in coincidence with a descending trend of biological diversity. Along the same latitudinal axis, the pre-industrial human societal complexity shows to peak at the intermediate latitude. It is postulated that human cultural diversity and societal complexity are strongly influenced by collective learning, and that collective learning is positively related to human population size, social interactions, and environmental challenges. Under such postulations the relationship between collective learning and important geographical-environmental factors, including climate and biodiversity/bio-productivity is examined. A hypothesis of intermediate bio-productivity is formulated to account for those latitudinal patterns of pre-industrial human societal complexity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20diversity" title="cultural diversity">cultural diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soetal%20complexity" title=" soetal complexity"> soetal complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latitudinal%20patterns" title=" latitudinal patterns"> latitudinal patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title=" biodiversity"> biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-productivity" title=" bio-productivity"> bio-productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20learning" title=" collective learning"> collective learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163997/latitudinal-patterns-of-pre-industrial-human-cultural-diversity-and-societal-complexity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=117">117</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=118">118</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20complexity&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>