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<h1><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/">Gorilla’s Guides</a></h1> <h2>“The only thing these sand niggers understand is force and I’m about to introduce them to it.”</h2> <div id="search"><form method="get" id="searchform" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/"> <div><input type="text" value="" name="s" id="s"/> <input type="submit" id="searchsubmit" value="Search"/> </div> </form> </div> </div> <hr/> <div id="content" class="span-13 append-1"> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-13332"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/05/11/%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%ab%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%86-1200-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a8/#respond" title="Comment on عودة اكثر من 1200 أسرة عراقية من سوريا بسبب تردي الأوضاع الأمنية">No Comments</a></span> Posted on May 11th, 2011 by Hussein Al-Bayati</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/05/11/%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%ab%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%86-1200-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a8/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to عودة اكثر من 1200 أسرة عراقية من سوريا بسبب تردي الأوضاع الأمنية">عودة اكثر من 1200 أسرة عراقية من سوريا بسبب تردي الأوضاع الأمنية</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/iraq/" title="View all posts in News" rel="category tag">News</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/dara%e2%80%99a/" rel="tag">Dara’a</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/dera/" rel="tag">Dera</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/homs-syria/" rel="tag">Homs (Syria)</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/latakia/" rel="tag">Latakia</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees-return-of/" rel="tag">Refugees - return of</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resettlement/" rel="tag">resettlement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syrian-unrest-and-protests/" rel="tag">Syrian unrest and protests</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%8e%d8%a7%d8%b0%d9%90%d9%82%d9%90%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%a9%e2%80%8e/" rel="tag">اللَاذِقِيَّة‎</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b5%e2%80%8e/" rel="tag">حمص‎</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/%d8%af%d9%90%d9%85%d9%8e%d8%b4%d9%82%e2%80%8e/" rel="tag">دِمَشق‎</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b9%d8%a7%e2%80%8e/" rel="tag">درعا‎</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9%e2%80%8e/" rel="tag">سورية‎</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p dir="rtl" align="right">أكد مصدر في منفذ الوليد الحدودي بين العراق وسوريا، أن اكثر من 1200 أسرة عراقية عادت إلى البلاد قادمة من سوريا خلال أكثر من عشرة أيام، نتيجة الأوضاع الأمنية المتردية التي تشهدها المدن السورية. </p> <p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/05/11/%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%ab%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%86-1200-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a8/#more-13332" class="more-link">» أقرأ التفاصيل .. | Read the rest of this entry »</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-12875"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/03/28/funding-shortfall-hits-plans-for-idps-returnees/#respond" title="Comment on Funding shortfall hits plans for IDPs, returnees">No Comments</a></span> Posted on March 28th, 2011 by Khaled</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/03/28/funding-shortfall-hits-plans-for-idps-returnees/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Funding shortfall hits plans for IDPs, returnees">Funding shortfall hits plans for IDPs, returnees</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/women/" title="View all posts in Women and Children" rel="category tag">Women and Children</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/brookings-institution/" rel="tag">Brookings Institution</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/displacement/" rel="tag">displacement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/economy/" rel="tag">Economy</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/education/" rel="tag">Education</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/health/" rel="tag">Health</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/human-rights/" rel="tag">Human Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/idps-internal-refugees/" rel="tag">IDPs (Internal Refugees)</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/infrastructure/" rel="tag">infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/internal-displacement/" rel="tag">internal displacement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iom/" rel="tag">IOM</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-refugees/" rel="tag">iraqi refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/irin/" rel="tag">IRIN</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/migration/" rel="tag">migration</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/photos/" rel="tag">Photos</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-agency/" rel="tag">refugee agency</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-resettlement/" rel="tag">refugee resettlement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees-resettlement-of/" rel="tag">Refugees - resettlement of</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees-international/" rel="tag">Refugees International</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resettlement/" rel="tag">resettlement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/returnees/" rel="tag">returnees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/rule-of-law/" rel="tag">Rule of law</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/sectarian-violence/" rel="tag">sectarian violence</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/statistics/" rel="tag">statistics</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/who/" rel="tag">WHO</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>BAGHDAD, 28 February 2011 (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportID=92060" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN</a>) – Iraqi government plans for internally displaced persons (IDPs) and returnees may not be fully implemented this year because of a funding shortfall, says Deputy Minister for Displacement and Migration Azhar Al-Mousawi. </p> <p> <a title="IDPs_in_northern_Baghdad_receive_aid_from_Red_Crescent_Society_volunteers_file_photo_caption by Gorillas Guides, on Flickr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.flickr.com/photos/gorillasguides/5568216047/" class="external" target="_blank"><img style="display: inline; float: left; margin: 3px 10px 5px 0px" height="262" alt="IDPs_in_northern_Baghdad_receive_aid_from_Red_Crescent_Society_volunteers_file_photo_caption" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219im_/http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5222/5568216047_d9befe0a3e_o.jpg" width="350" align="left"/></a> <p>“We have set [up] a lot of big projects this year, but the ministry – according to the allocated budget – may not be able to implement its commitments,” he told IRIN on 26 February. </p> <p>In January, the government announced plans to tackle internal displacement, and monitor and assist Iraqi refugees abroad. It sought to encourage IDPs to go back to their areas of origin, stay in the areas they have ended up in, or help them move to a new area. </p> <p>The government also established “Return Assistance Centres” in Baghdad, and offered a financial assistance package of US$850 and a six-month rental compensation package for registered IDPs. </p> <p>“We have plans to tackle internal displacement, help the returnees and encourage expatriates [mainly doctors and teachers who fled the violence] to return," Mousawi said. "All these plans need money [but] what we have is not enough." </p> <p>According to the UN Secretary-General’s representative on the rights of IDPs, Walter Kalin, the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/SNAA-8EBLQH?OpenDocument&rc=3&cc=irq" class="external" target="_blank">scale and history of forced displacement</a> in Iraq  has created a complex situation that needs a “comprehensive strategy” to address the immediate humanitarian needs and human rights of displacement-affected communities, and find durable solutions. </p> <p>“Iraq has suffered many waves of internal displacement throughout its recent past as a result of conflict, sectarian violence, and forced population movements associated with policies of the former regime – with an estimated 1.55 million persons remaining in displacement since 2006,” Kalin said in a 16 February report. </p> <p>“This situation is compounded by a marked deterioration of basic infrastructures and services across the country, lack of livelihoods and economic opportunities, continuing insecurity and sectarian divisions, as well as serious deficits in relation to governance, rule of law and the capacity of government structures." </p> <p>According to the Washington-based <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://csis.org/" class="external" target="_blank">Centre for Strategic and International Studies</a>, Iraqi IDPs and refugees are unwilling to return to their places of origin because of continued real or perceived threats of violence: Their homes were either destroyed or occupied by others; and they lacked employment opportunities and access to essential services. </p> <h3>Seeking partners</h3> <p>Mousawi said his ministry, which is mandated to implement government plans for IDPs and returnees, was only allocated the equivalent of US$250 million this year, but needs $416-500 million to fully implement its plans. Iraq’s parliament approved an $82.6 billion budget on 20 February. </p> <p>The ministry, he added, would review its plans and seek partners mainly in the UN. “Our priority is to help displaced people and returnees to meet their needs,” he said. “But returnees will need more to be spent on them than those still displaced because they need health, education and other services." </p> <p>Funding shortfalls have also affected the work of international organizations. In its 2011 Global Appeal, the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) said its budget for this year in Iraq was about $210.6 million, lamenting a 20-40 percent funding shortfall. </p> <p>“Some returnees and IDPs remain in dire circumstances that require urgent humanitarian interventions,” it said in an appeal earlier this year. </p> <p>(For latest statistics on returnees and IDPs by governorate, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.iauiraq.org/documents/1300/Return%20Update%20IRAQ%20JAN%202011.pdf" class="external" target="_blank">see</a>) </p> <p>According to Kalin, over 75 percent of IDPs live in rented accommodation or with host families, while over 20 percent live in irregular settlements, former military camps, tents and public buildings. </p> <p>There are an estimated 1.5 million IDPs across the country, according to Refugees International and the Brookings Institution. Many of these fled their homes after sectarian violence broke out following the 2003 war that toppled Saddam Hussein. </p> <p>(For a recent IOM review of displacement and return in Iraq since 2006, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.iauiraq.org/documents/1308/librar.pdf" class="external" target="_blank">see</a>) </p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportID=92060" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | IRAQ: Funding shortfall hits plans for IDPs, returnees | Iraq | Economy | Refugees/IDPs</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-12278"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/01/28/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a7/#respond" title="Comment on العراق يدرس مقترحاً دولياً لإعادة ملايين النازحين الى الداخل والهاربين إلى الخارج">No Comments</a></span> Posted on January 28th, 2011 by Nabil</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2011/01/28/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a7/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to العراق يدرس مقترحاً دولياً لإعادة ملايين النازحين الى الداخل والهاربين إلى الخارج">العراق يدرس مقترحاً دولياً لإعادة ملايين النازحين الى الداخل والهاربين إلى الخارج</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/human-rights/" title="View all posts in Human Rights" rel="category tag">Human Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/iraq/" title="View all posts in News" rel="category tag">News</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/idps-internal-refugees/" rel="tag">IDPs (Internal Refugees)</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-resettlement/" rel="tag">refugee resettlement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees-resettlement-of/" rel="tag">Refugees - resettlement of</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resettlement/" rel="tag">resettlement</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p dir="rtl" align="right">بدأت الحكومة العراقية بدراسة تطبيق خطة أممية لإعادة ملايين النازحين إلى الداخل والهاربين إلى الخارج إلى بلدهم ومناطق سكناهم، مع التأكيد على أن تكون هذه العودة طوعية، ومع ضرورة الحفاظ على التنوع العراقي قوميا ودينيا باعتباره بلداً يضم كل جذور الحضارات، وأن يتم إغلاق معظم ملفات الهجرة والنزوح في نهاية العام الحالي وقدم هذه الخطة المفوض السامي لشؤون اللاجئين أنطونيو غوتيرس إلى المسؤولين العراقيين الذين التقاهم في بغداد خلال اليومين الماضيين. <br/>وأبلغ غوتيرس المسؤولين العراقيين أن الخطة تتضمن أهدافاً واضحة لمعالجة القضايا الأمنية وإعادة الاندماج وقضية الممتلكات حتى يتمكن الناس من العودة إلى ديارهم بأمان وكرامة. <br/>وتشمل الخطة إستراتيجية لدمج المشردين داخلياً في المناطق التي فروا إليها إذا فضلوا البقاء حيث هم. وترتكز هذه العودة على ضرورة أن تكون طوعية لأن إجبار الناس على العودة إلى ديارهم حيث ينعدم الأمن أمر غير مقبول، مشيرة إلى ان ترحيل العديد من العراقيين مؤخراً من دول أوروبية عدة قسراً، وهو أمر مرفوض تماماً.</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-11425"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/09/07/syria-iraqi-refugee-children-dropping-out-of-school/#respond" title="Comment on SYRIA: Iraqi refugee children dropping out of school">No Comments</a></span> Posted on September 7th, 2010 by Nur Hussein Ghazali</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/09/07/syria-iraqi-refugee-children-dropping-out-of-school/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to SYRIA: Iraqi refugee children dropping out of school">SYRIA: Iraqi refugee children dropping out of school</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/children/" title="View all posts in Children" rel="category tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/women/" title="View all posts in Women and Children" rel="category tag">Women and Children</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/child-poverty/" rel="tag">Child Poverty</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/damascus/" rel="tag">Damascus</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/dropping-out-of-school/" rel="tag">dropping out of school</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/economy/" rel="tag">Economy</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/elizabeth-campbell/" rel="tag">elizabeth campbell</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/english-language-articles/" rel="tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/financial-stress/" rel="tag">financial stress</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-children/" rel="tag">iraqi children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-refugees/" rel="tag">iraqi refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/irin/" rel="tag">IRIN</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/public-education-system/" rel="tag">public education system</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-agency/" rel="tag">refugee agency</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-children/" rel="tag">refugee children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-population/" rel="tag">refugee population</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees-international/" rel="tag">Refugees International</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/remittances/" rel="tag">remittances</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resettlement/" rel="tag">resettlement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/sectarian-violence/" rel="tag">sectarian violence</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unicef/" rel="tag">UNICEF</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>DAMASCUS, 7 September 2010 (<a title="IRIN" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportID=90412" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN</a>) – Iraqi refugee children in Syria are struggling to keep up at school, or are dropping out to seek paid work, according to the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF). <br/>“Education is absolutely central to the future of all children. Having a generation not equipped to participate in the economy of their country serves no one,” said Sherazade Boualia, UNICEF head in Syria. </p> <p>Syria, which took in up to 1.2 million of the two million refugees who fled sectarian violence in the wake of the 2003 war in Iraq, opened its public education system to the refugees, but many are unable to benefit. </p> <p>Children often <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=87418" class="external" target="_blank">work</a> to bring in extra income for their families. Iraqis are not legally allowed to work in Syria and black market jobs often pay just 100 SYP (US$2) per day, according to the refugees. </p> <p>Hussein Ali, 16, said he had to drop out of school to earn money cleaning in a hotel. “We are very grateful for the cash assistance from the UNHCR [UN Refugee Agency],” said Mr Ali, his father, who has a disability which prevents him from working. “But it is not enough.” </p> <p>Others have to travel too far to get to a school with available places, or cannot afford the nominal fees. “Most of the Iraqi refugee population is concentrated in and around Damascus where schools’ capacity is already stretched,” said Boualia. </p> <p>The refugees’ plight is getting worse as remittances are drying up and savings running out, said US NGO Refugees International. </p> <p>Over the last three years the number of Iraqi refugee children dropping out of school has risen steadily, according to UNICEF. </p> <p>Government figures indicate that 49,132 Iraqi refugees were enrolled in the 2007-2008 school year, but this dropped to 32,425 in 2008-2009. Refugees International said the number had dropped further this year, with 30 percent fewer children enrolled. </p> <p>"The decline is linked to families experiencing more financial stress as well as resettlement to third countries and returns to Iraq," said Boualia. </p> <p>Anecdotal evidence suggests most of those dropping out are male, with families keeping girls in school. </p> <p>Teachers say Iraqi children are falling behind at school due to emotional problems, gaps in their education, or difficulties adjusting to their new situation in Syria. </p> <h3>Action </h3> </p> <p>In coordination with the Syrian government, UNICEF is attempting to tackle the problem with a US$6 million project, which includes improving facilities at schools with a high proportion of refugees, remedial classes for children who have fallen behind, and vocational evening classes for those working. </p> <p>UNICEF is also training teachers in the psycho-social needs of Iraqis which may be preventing them from concentrating. “The majority of Iraqis have at least one family member that suffers from extreme depression," said Elizabeth Campbell, senior official at Refugees International. Many of those are children. UNHCR says 150 Iraqis are referred for counselling every month. </p> <p>Refugee registration data shows most Iraqi refugee adults living in Syria are educated and value education for their children. But experts say solutions must be found or children will continue to drop out of school. </p> <p>“The needs of the whole family must be met to ensure children attend school,” said Campbell. </p> <p>Experts say providing families with financial assistance contingent upon their children enrolling in school, or providing hot meals at schools, might be one way forward.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportID=90412" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | SYRIA: Iraqi refugee children dropping out of school | Middle East | Syria | Children Education Refugees/IDPs | Feature</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-11083"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/06/20/iraq-forced-repatriation-puts-minorities-at-risk/#respond" title="Comment on IRAQ: Forced repatriation puts minorities at risk">No Comments</a></span> Posted on June 20th, 2010 by Haleema Al-Azzawi</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/06/20/iraq-forced-repatriation-puts-minorities-at-risk/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to IRAQ: Forced repatriation puts minorities at risk">IRAQ: Forced repatriation puts minorities at risk</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/human-rights/" title="View all posts in Human Rights" rel="category tag">Human Rights</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/amnesty-international/" rel="tag">Amnesty International</a>, <a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/security-situation/" rel="tag">security situation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/shabak/" rel="tag">Shabak</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/turkey/" rel="tag">Turkey</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/turkoman/" rel="tag">Turkoman</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/violence/" rel="tag">violence</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/world-refugee-day/" rel="tag">World refugee day</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/yazidi/" rel="tag">yazidi</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/yazidis/" rel="tag">yazidis</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%8a%d9%86/" rel="tag">بالمسيحيين</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>MADRID, 20 June 2010 (IRIN) – Refugee officials and rights groups have urged a number of European countries not to forcibly repatriate Iraqi asylum seekers, particularly members of minority communities, because of prevailing insecurity in the country. </p> <p>These demands were made in response to recent announced repatriation plans by the UK, Sweden, the Netherlands and Norway. The UK has already begun deporting some Iraqis, with some 40 asylum-seekers arriving in Baghdad on 17 June – the UK’s third deportation in that week. </p> <p>“Our position and advice to governments is that Iraqi asylum applicants originating from Iraq’s governorates of Baghdad, Diyala, Ninewa and Salah-al-Din, as well as from Kirkuk province, should continue to benefit from international protection,” Melissa Fleming, a spokesperson for the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), said at a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.unhcr.org/4c0e33e94fc.html" class="external" target="_blank">press briefing</a> on 8 June. </p> <p>“Our position reflects the volatile security situation and the still high level of prevailing violence, security incidents, and human rights violations taking place in these parts of Iraq,” she said. </p> <p>While its deportations have been criticized for being highly secretive, the British government has insisted the people it was repatriating were from safer parts of Iraq. UNHCR has expressed concern that the forced returns send the wrong message to host countries neighbouring Iraq, namely Syria and Jordan. </p> <p><strong>Minority attacks </strong></p> <p>Iraqi minorities – including Christians of various denominations, Yazidis and the Shabak – living in third countries are particularly fearful of any forced returns. </p> <p>A Chaldean Christian Iraqi refugee who has lived in the Netherlands since 2006 told IRIN on condition of anonymity that he feared being singled out for deportation because of the many attacks against his community in Iraq. </p> <p>"Kidnappings and politically motivated killings continue to take place in what seems to be an attempt to resettle or eradicate Iraq’s indigenous population," he said. </p> <p>He is one of more than half a million Iraqi Christians who have fled since the US-led invasion of the country in 2003. According to the US-based Brookings Institution, an estimated 500,000 Christians remain in Iraq since numbering between 1 million and 1.4 million before 2003. </p> <p>“Christians continue to be targeted and there is no protection from the Iraqi authorities,” said Dr Ghazi Rahho, a Christian Iraqi who fled the country several years ago and now works as a professor in Jordan. </p> <p>Rahho’s cousin, Archbishop Paulos Faraj Rahho, a leading Christian authority in Iraq, was kidnapped and killed in February 2008, an incident that led to some 12,000 Christians fleeing Mosul, about 400km northwest of Baghdad. “To date, kidnappings and assassinations are taking place. And other tactics are used to terrorize Christians. Our churches, for instance, are being bombed," said Rahho. </p> <p>According to an April 2010 Amnesty International (AI) <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/report/iraq-must-protect-civilians-risk-deadly-violence-2010-04-27" class="external" target="_blank">report</a>, more than 100 people were killed between mid-July and mid-September 2009 in attacks targeting Christians, Sabean-Mandaeans, Yazidis, Turkoman Shias, Shabaks and Kaka’is. </p> <p>AI has called on the international community to “end all forcible returns to any part of Iraq; any return of rejected asylum-seekers should only take place when the security situation in the whole country has stabilized.” </p> <p>NGO Minority Rights Group International has detailed evidence of violence against Iraq’s minority communities in a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.minorityrights.org/10042/reports/still-targeted-continued-persecution-of-iraqs-minorities.html" class="external" target="_blank">June 10 report</a> and expressed an urgent need for legislation implementing minority rights in the country to address an “ongoing climate of impunity that exists in relation to attacks on minorities”. </p> <p><strong>Iraqi refugee landmark </strong></p> <p>Meanwhile, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.unhcr.org/4c1b17b56.html" class="external" target="_blank">UNHCR announced</a> on 18 June that a landmark 100,000 Iraqis had been referred for resettlement from the Middle East to third countries since 2007. About 45 percent of that number lives in Syria, UNHCR said, adding that the referrals acceptance rate by host countries was 80 percent, of which 76 percent were accepted by the US. </p> <p>Iraqis are the second largest refugee group in the world, according to UNHCR’s 2009 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/search?page=search&docid=4c11f0be9&query=2009%20Global%20Trends" class="external" target="_blank">Global Trends report</a>, with an estimated 1.8 million seeking refuge primarily in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt and Turkey. </p> <p>The report, released in advance of World Refugee Day on 20 June, said voluntary repatriation worldwide in 2009 was the lowest for 20 years, with around 251,500 returns, of which only 38,000 were Iraqi.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=89552" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | IRAQ: Forced repatriation puts minorities at risk | Middle East | Iraq | Human Rights Conflict | News Item</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-9212"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/03/18/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b4%d9%81-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7/#respond" title="Comment on الكشف عن أزمة إنسانية خطيرة تواجه النازحين العراقيين">No Comments</a></span> Posted on March 18th, 2010 by markfromireland</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/03/18/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b4%d9%81-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ac%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to الكشف عن أزمة إنسانية خطيرة تواجه النازحين العراقيين">الكشف عن أزمة إنسانية خطيرة تواجه النازحين العراقيين</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/children/" title="View all posts in Children" rel="category tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/human-rights/" title="View all posts in Human Rights" rel="category tag">Human Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/iraq/" title="View all posts in News" rel="category tag">News</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/women/" title="View all posts in Women and Children" rel="category tag">Women and Children</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/abu-ghraib/" rel="tag">Abu Ghraib</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/baghdad/" rel="tag">Baghdad</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/baghdad-hospitals/" rel="tag">Baghdad Hospitals</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/damascus/" rel="tag">Damascus</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/discrimination/" rel="tag">discrimination</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/displacement/" rel="tag">displacement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/diyala/" rel="tag">Diyala</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/elizabeth-campbell/" rel="tag">elizabeth campbell</a>, <a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resources/" rel="tag">Resources</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/restitution/" rel="tag">restitution</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/returnees/" rel="tag">returnees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/salah-ad-din-governorate/" rel="tag">Salah ad Din (Governorate)</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/sanitation/" rel="tag">sanitation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/security-concerns/" rel="tag">security concerns</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/squatters/" rel="tag">Squatters</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/squatters-evictions-halted/" rel="tag">Squatters -evictions halted</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unami/" rel="tag">UNAMI</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr-funding-shortfalls/" rel="tag">UNHCR Funding shortfalls</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/vulnerable-communities/" rel="tag">vulnerable communities</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/water/" rel="tag">Water</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>افادت منظمة لاجئون دوليون " ريفوجيز انترناشيونال(<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.refugeesinternational.org/" target="_blank" class="external">Refugees International</a>) " غير الحكومية ان مئات الاف العراقيين الذين نزحوا من ديارهم بسبب الحرب الى مخيمات يعمها البؤس, يعانون من ازمة انسانية خطيرة. وكشفت المنظمة ان بين المليون ونصف المليون عراقي الذين اضطروا الى مغادرة منازلهم في العام الفين وستة والفين وسبعة زهاء خمسمئة الف, يعيشون في الاكواخ". وافاد تقرير للمنظمة ان الحكومة لا تبذل الكثير وربما لا تفعل شيئا لمساعدة النازحين داعية الولايات المتحدة "التي تتحمل مسؤولية خاصة" في هذه الازمة الانسانية الى الاهتمام بهم وفق التقرير . من جانبه، دعا سفير العراق في الولايات المتحدة سمير شاكر الصميدعي الحكومة الى بذل المزيد من اجل العراقيين النازحين داخل وخارج البلاد وقال ان "بلدا يقوم على بحر من النفط لا يجب ان يعيش سكانه في مثل هذه الظروف". </p> <p dir="rtl" align="right">( <strong>روابط ذات علاقة </strong>- <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/03/18/iraq-humanitarian-needs-persist-refugees-international/">Iraq: Humanitarian Needs Persist | Refugees International | Gorilla’s Guides</a>  )</p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-9198"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/03/18/iraq-humanitarian-needs-persist-refugees-international/#respond" title="Comment on Iraq: Humanitarian Needs Persist | Refugees International">No Comments</a></span> Posted on March 18th, 2010 by markfromireland</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/03/18/iraq-humanitarian-needs-persist-refugees-international/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Iraq: Humanitarian Needs Persist | Refugees International">Iraq: Humanitarian Needs Persist | Refugees International</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/children/" title="View all posts in Children" rel="category tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/human-rights/" title="View all posts in Human Rights" rel="category tag">Human Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/category/women/" title="View all posts in Women and Children" rel="category tag">Women and Children</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/abu-ghraib/" rel="tag">Abu Ghraib</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/baghdad/" rel="tag">Baghdad</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/baghdad-hospitals/" rel="tag">Baghdad Hospitals</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/damascus/" rel="tag">Damascus</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/discrimination/" rel="tag">discrimination</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/displacement/" rel="tag">displacement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/diyala/" rel="tag">Diyala</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/elizabeth-campbell/" rel="tag">elizabeth campbell</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/health/" rel="tag">Health</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/idps-internal-refugees/" rel="tag">IDPs (Internal Refugees)</a>, <a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/reconstruction/" rel="tag">Reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugee-agency/" rel="tag">refugee agency</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees-international/" rel="tag">Refugees International</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/reintegration/" rel="tag">reintegration</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resettlement/" rel="tag">resettlement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/resources/" rel="tag">Resources</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/restitution/" rel="tag">restitution</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/returnees/" rel="tag">returnees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/salah-ad-din-governorate/" rel="tag">Salah ad Din (Governorate)</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/sanitation/" rel="tag">sanitation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/security-concerns/" rel="tag">security concerns</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/squatters/" rel="tag">Squatters</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/squatters-evictions-halted/" rel="tag">Squatters -evictions halted</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unami/" rel="tag">UNAMI</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr-funding-shortfalls/" rel="tag">UNHCR Funding shortfalls</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/vulnerable-communities/" rel="tag">vulnerable communities</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/water/" rel="tag">Water</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <ul> <li> <blockquote style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding-bottom: 1em;">As the U.S. continues to draw down its military forces and eventually end its occupation in Iraq, the U.S. and other donors must increase their humanitarian and development assistance and commitment to finding long-term solutions for displaced Iraqis. Millions of people are still displaced without access to shelter, food, health care or other basics. It is too soon for the U.S. government and other donors to abandon the needs of the Iraqi people. Likewise, the UN must seek to increase its presence and resources inside the country and throughout the region, ensuring that Iraq’s most vulnerable are protected and assisted until durable solutions are available.</p></blockquote> </li> <li> <blockquote>On the one hand the U.S., the UN, and the entire international community often champion the considerable security progress inside Iraq. On the other hand, these same entities continue to be extremely constrained by highly restrictive security protocols. These protocols no longer reflect the realities in the country, and the lack of access continues to severely hamper the humanitarian response of the UN and the U.S. The zero-risk mentality of the burgeoning security industry has hijacked more rational and creative thinking that might help guarantee staff safety while allowing for greater mobility in a more low-profile manner. </p></blockquote> </li> </ul> <div style="border-right: black 1px solid; padding-right: 5px; border-top: black 1px solid; padding-left: 5px; float: right; padding-bottom: 5px; margin: 5px 0px 5px 15px; border-left: black 1px solid; width: 300px; padding-top: 5px; border-bottom: black 1px solid"> <p><strong>Policy recommendations</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p>The U.S. should continue to fund current and future UN appeals at no less than 50% and seek to dramatically increase its support for community development programs.</p> </li> <li> <p>The UN and the U.S. should review and adapt their security measures in Iraq to allow staff greater freedom of movement and access to vulnerable communities.</p> </li> <li> <p>The Government of Iraq should develop a detailed plan to implement the solutions included in its 2008 National Policy on Displacement.</p> </li> <li> <p>UNHCR should dramatically and rapidly increase its number of staff working in the field inside Iraq.</p> </li> <li> <p>The U.S. and the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) should urge the Government of Iraq to create a process for IDPs to voluntarily integrate into the local communities in which they have been displaced.</p> </li> <li> <p>UNHCR should conduct a thorough needs assessment of the Palestinian refugee community in Iraq and seek durable solutions for those living in Iraq and Syria, including third country resettlement.</p> </li> </ul> <h3>Download File:</h3> <ul> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.refugeesinternational.org/sites/default/files/031710_iraq.pdf" class="external" target="_blank">Iraq: Humanitarian Needs Persist</a> File Size 136.03 KB (PDF)</li> </ul> <h4>About:</h4> <ul> <li><em>Refugees International Senior Advocate Elizabeth Campbell and consultant Nir Rosen assessed the situation for displaced Iraqis in Iraq and Syria in February 2010.</em></li> </ul></div> <p>The humanitarian situation facing Iraqi refugees and internally displaced people is quickly becoming a protracted one for which the U.S. bears special responsibility. Though the country is well positioned to generate vast sums of revenue from its oil, it will take many years before the government is able to rebuild the country’s infrastructure and provide basic services to its people. Ongoing political and security concerns continue to challenge development efforts. It is thus critical that the U.S. and other donors continue to support a strong and expanded humanitarian program, working hand-in-hand with a variety of community development initiatives. </p> </p> <h3>Iraqis Living as Squatters in Slums </h3> <p>UNHCR estimates that of the 1.5 million internally displaced people (IDPs) forced from their homes in 2006 and 2007, 33% or 500,000 live as squatters in slum areas. Refugees International visited about 20 different squatter settlements in various parts of Baghdad, Diyala, and Salah al-Din. These people have no legal title to the land. Many fear returning to their original homes. Most are too poor to relocate. The settlements all lack basic services, including water, sanitation, and electricity and are built in precarious places—under bridges, alongside railroad tracks, and amongst garbage dumps. In 2009 the Iraqi Government issued a directive calling upon all squatters to vacate public buildings. This directive has since been postponed, but they all remain at risk of eviction. UNHCR will have to liaise closely with other UN agencies and international and national NGOs to provide assistance to these communities and to urge the Government of Iraq to create programs of land grants and housing for these people. </p> <p>Refugees International met several Iraqis who left Syria, because they could no longer afford to live there, and are now living as internally displaced squatters in these slum areas. As one squatter told the RI team, “We used to own a home in Abu Ghraib. Now we have lost everything. It is too dangerous for us to return there, so we are living here, hoping that the government will give us a small piece of land.” </p> <p>These families are among the most vulnerable in Iraq. Most have not received assistance from the government, UN agencies, or NGOs. Since they live illegally, the government is reluctant to improve their living conditions and address their basic needs. UNHCR is aware of many of these squatter settlements and is in the process of conducting a more comprehensive survey of them. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) also has a list of the settlements in which the internally displaced live. IOM and UNHCR should work together to develop a single, comprehensive list so that humanitarian interventions can be targeted and coordinated. </p> <p>If UNHCR is going to have any impact addressing the needs of these especially vulnerable displaced people and the larger communities, they will have to dramatically increase the number of UNHCR staff people with the responsibility of reaching out to them. For those at risk of eviction in the near future, the UN should work closely with the Government of Iraq to begin to devise a contingency plan. As outlined in Iraq’s July 2008 National Policy on Displacement, displaced people and host communities should be involved in planning, designing and implementing appropriate strategies and programs concerning their return, integration or relocation. </p> <h3>Increasing Humanitarian Access in Iraq </h3> <p>On the one hand the U.S., the UN, and the entire international community often champion the considerable security progress inside Iraq. On the other hand, these same entities continue to be extremely constrained by highly restrictive security protocols. These protocols no longer reflect the realities in the country, and the lack of access continues to severely hamper the humanitarian response of the UN and the U.S. The zero-risk mentality of the burgeoning security industry has hijacked more rational and creative thinking that might help guarantee staff safety while allowing for greater mobility in a more low-profile manner. </p> <p>The UN Department for Safety and Security and the Resident Security Officers for the U.S. must adapt their security protocols to the new and changing realities and allow greater access for humanitarian workers. The northern and southern governorates of Iraq are widely recognized as being safe. Many parts of the central governorates can also be accessed daily for field visits. Refugees International staff was able to travel alone without security escorts throughout most of Baghdad and multiple locations within Diyala, Salah al-Din and Babel. Iraqis of all types and backgrounds interviewed by Refugees International expressed a strong desire to see the UN and international actors return and fully function in the country. </p> <p>Currently the U.S. government and the UN are completely dependent upon the U.S. military to provide access outside of the international zone. Access to Iraqi communities occurs irregularly and in a very limited fashion. Plans have to be made months in advance to coordinate trips. This already limited access will be further reduced with the impending U.S. military withdrawal. </p> <p>Furthermore, the United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq (UNAMI), led by the Department of Political Affairs (DPA), often does not prioritize humanitarian issues. They tend to take a back seat to UNAMI’s political agenda. Political affairs officials are often given priority over humanitarian actors when it comes to dividing the limited number of slots available for staff to travel outside of the international zone. </p> <p>While international UN staff and diplomatic missions have limited access to Iraqi communities, an increasing number of international NGOs are accessing vulnerable Iraqis in Baghdad and other parts of the country. There is also a plethora of Iraqi NGOs who are making significant humanitarian contributions, without which much of the work could not take place. UNHCR’s efforts to enhance the capacity of over 100 national NGOs should be supported. </p> <h3>Returns and the Prospects for Local Integration </h3> <p>Though the Government of Iraq, the U.S., and other governments continue to push for displaced people to return home, much of the current displacement is likely to be permanent. UNHCR estimates that only 426,000 people have returned, the overwhelming majority of whom were internally displaced people. People will continue to return home, but only at a trickle. Lack of security and jobs continues to be a strong deterrent. Others are simply too traumatized to return to their places of origin. Long-term solutions must be found for these people. </p> <p>If given the option, IOM estimates that 25% of IDPs would be interested in local integration. This would be an important step forward in the protection of some IDPs, as they would then presumably be granted residency cards reflecting their new place of habitual residence. Such cards would allow them full and fair access to all services at the local and governorate level. They would be able to vote like other Iraqis in future elections, attend schools without facing discrimination, and seek employment without impediments. The U.S. and international community should urge the Government of Iraq to create a process for IDPs to voluntarily integrate locally if they so choose. </p> <p>Those wishing to return to their original homes and lands, but who are unwilling or unable to do so at this time, should continue to be afforded this opportunity when the conditions warrant safe and voluntary returns. Efforts to ensure that such people are able to retrieve their properties should continue to be made. This includes urging the Government of Iraq to expand its property restitution mechanism to all of the governorates and to ensure that those displaced between 2003 and 2005 are also provided a mechanism to reclaim or be compensated for their lost properties. The Iraqi government should at least quadruple the $850 return compensation grant currently available.</p> <p>Although few people have returned home, the Government of Iraq, the UN, and several donors have supported a successful return and reintegration program in the Governorate of Diyala, a place that suffered some of the most severe violence and the displacement of some 300,000 individuals. The objective is to support the voluntary return and reintegration of at least 27,500 families while rebuilding their communities. Assistance has been provided to both returnees and local residents in the understanding that communities as a whole must be engaged if resentments are to be avoided and returns sustained. Targeting some 400 largely destroyed villages, the project aims to provide urgent life-saving services and rebuild homes, infrastructure, and livelihoods. </p> <p>The Government of Iraq has pledged some $78 million dollars for reconstruction of destroyed homes, but the disbursement of these funds is lagging. Despite this, 3,000 starter homes have been constructed with 6,000 more planned for 2010 if funding is made available. </p> <p>The success of this initiative stems in part from the strong political commitment and financial pledge from the central government, the coordination and participation of most of the UN agencies and many international and national NGOs, and the strong support of the local authorities and communities. It is also successful because humanitarian actors are able to work closely with development actors, ensuring that the returns and the rebuilding of communities are long-term and sustainable. When Refugees International visited the project in villages near Khan Bani Saad, it was a rare but positive example of long-term development efforts working hand-in-hand with humanitarian intervention, benefitting a much larger number of people than those directly targeted for assistance. This model is successful and could be replicated in other parts of Iraq, but it is very costly. Donors should be willing to support these efforts. </p> <h3>Protecting Refugees in Syria </h3> <p>Most Iraqi refugees in Syria have benefited from generous government policies and hospitable neighbors. The government’s recent efforts to extend residency permits for six months, their commitment to issue some work permits, and their engagement in drafting legislation that will address the presence of Iraqis in Syria are all positive steps that help to advance the protection of refugees. </p> <p>Still, the overall situation for Iraqi refugees continues to deteriorate. It is therefore essential that the U.S. and other donors maintain their humanitarian commitment to this increasingly protracted refugee caseload. There are approximately 3,000 new individuals registering for refugee status each month. Most are unable to work. Families continue to be torn apart as men seek employment opportunities outside of Syria. Rents continue to increase. Families are forced to move in together and share small apartments. This year there are 30% fewer Iraqi children enrolled in school. In some cases the costs of books and school uniforms are prohibitive for families. There has been an increase in detention and deportation, due in part to petty crime and prostitution. Opportunities for local integration have not materialized, and the majority of refugees have no plans to return. While most refugees dream of third country resettlement, this solution will not be afforded to most of the 218,000 refugees currently registered with UNHCR. </p> <p>Almost 13,000 vulnerable Iraqi families now receive cash assistance in the amount of approximately $150 every month (plus $15 per dependent) through the use of ATM cards. This creative program is efficient, effective and dignified—and a preferred form of assistance for most refugees. The ATM card system has an overhead of approximately 2.3%, whereas the overhead cost for assistance distributed through partner agencies can be as high as 23%. In urban contexts like Damascus, cash assistance cuts down on otherwise costly outreach and distribution efforts. Without more funding, UNHCR will be forced to scale back this life-saving program. </p> <p>Similarly, refugees with chronic but treatable illnesses like diabetes and cancer are at risk of losing UNHCR’s support due to funding shortfalls. Thousands of refugees’ lives will be at stake if UNHCR and its partners are no longer able to help subsidize tertiary health care. </p> <p>The World Food Program has also responded to the particular needs of delivering assistance in an urban environment through a recently introduced pilot program. Each family receives a SMS text message on his or her mobile phone with the voucher number and the amount of the entitlement. Families are then able to redeem the voucher for food from a list of nine items in any one of the selected stores participating in the program. Such a program directly benefits the local and national economy and supports Syrian-run markets. Refugees feel empowered to make their own food selections. Overhead costs are drastically reduced. This innovative model should be expanded in Syria and replicated in other parts of the world. </p> <p>While these two innovative programs should be strengthened, more emphasis needs to be placed on skills training so that refugees are able to become self-sufficient. Information technology programs are particularly useful, as they have utility in resettlement countries, the country of asylum, and the country of origin. </p> <p>Today, UNHCR has one of the most sophisticated and accurate registration systems in the world operating in Syria. The numbers of refugees registered with UNHCR as well as the needs of many of the most vulnerable are well known. Donors have not been able to even meet the needs of registered refugees let alone those who choose not to register. The U.S. especially has a special responsibility to help host governments ensure that the basic assistance and protection needs of this population continue to be met until durable solutions are readily available. </p> <h3><b>Refugees in Iraq Need Durable Solutions</b> </h3> <p>There are some 35,000 refugees in Iraq. One of the largest and most vulnerable populations is the stateless Palestinians. Though successful efforts have been made to resettle Palestinians from three border camps, the needs of those in Damascus, Al Hol Refugee Camp in Syria and Baghdad must be urgently addressed. Unlike Iraqis, Palestinian refugees from Iraq have been denied access to asylum in neighboring countries and subjected to forced encampment. In Baghdad they continue to be subjected to arbitrary arrest and detention, raids by the police and army, and armed violence. Their recently issued identification documents are noticeably different from Iraqi documents, making them easy targets at checkpoints. Most Palestinians attempt to acquire Iraqi documentation, and the men regularly travel with women to help protect them against arbitrary arrest and detention. Hiding their Palestinian identity is a matter of survival for these refugees. </p> <p>At the start of the war in 2003 there were an estimated 35,000 Palestinian refugees in Baghdad. Today there are only 11,000. Left behind are the elderly, the disabled, and some of the most destitute families. Even if they attempted to flee, there is nowhere for them to run—the Jordanian and Syrian borders are closed to them and UNHCR actively turns away Palestinians attempting to flee to Al Waleed Camp on the border. </p> <p>Many of the families are in need of urgent assistance. UNHCR needs to conduct a full assessment of this population and develop criteria for resettlement. In Syria UNHCR needs to immediately refer Palestinian cases in Damascus for resettlement and continue resettlement out of Al Hol Camp. </p> <h3><b>Conclusion</b> </h3> <p>As the U.S. continues to draw down its military forces and eventually end its occupation in Iraq, the U.S. and other donors must increase their humanitarian and development assistance and commitment to finding long-term solutions for displaced Iraqis. Millions of people are still displaced without access to shelter, food, health care or other basics. It is too soon for the U.S. government and other donors to abandon the needs of the Iraqi people. Likewise, the UN must seek to increase its presence and resources inside the country and throughout the region, ensuring that Iraq’s most vulnerable are protected and assisted until durable solutions are available. </p> </p> <p><em>Refugees International Senior Advocate Elizabeth Campbell and consultant Nir Rosen assessed the situation for displaced Iraqis in Iraq and Syria in February 2010.</em> </p> </p> <p><strong>Source:</strong> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.refugeesinternational.org/policy/field-report/iraq-humanitarian-needs-persist" class="external" target="_blank">Iraq: Humanitarian Needs Persist</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126095219/http://www.refugeesinternational.org/" target="_blank" class="external">Refugees International</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="navigation"> <div class="alignleft"></div> <div class="alignright"></div> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar" class="span-10 last"> <div class="span-10" id="tabs"> 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