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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Root_Zone_Management_Process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Root_Zone_Management_Process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Root Zone Management Process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Root_Zone_Management_Process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Root_Zone_Operational_Changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Root_Zone_Operational_Changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Root Zone Operational Changes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Root_Zone_Operational_Changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Root_Scaling_Study_Report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Root_Scaling_Study_Report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Root Scaling Study Report</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Root_Scaling_Study_Report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Root Zone</span></h1> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/Root_Zone" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/index.php?title=Talk:Root_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (page does not exist) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" 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class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From ICANNWiki</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Root Zone</b> refers to the highest level of the <a href="/DNS" class="mw-redirect" title="DNS">Domain Name System</a> (DNS) structure. It contains the names and the numeric IP addresses for all the top level domain names such as the <a href="/GTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="GTLD">gTLDs</a> (<a href="/.com" title=".com">.com</a>, <a href="/.net" title=".net">.net</a>, <a href="/.org" title=".org">.org</a>), including <a href="/New_gTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="New gTLD">new gTLDs</a> (<a href="/.xyz" title=".xyz">.xyz</a>, <a href="/.club" title=".club">.club</a>, <a href="/.google" title=".google">.google</a>), as well <a href="/CcTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="CcTLD">ccTLDs</a> (<a href="/.us" title=".us">.us</a>, <a href="/.uk" title=".uk">.uk</a>, <a href="/.ar" title=".ar">.ar</a>) and <a href="/IDN" class="mw-redirect" title="IDN">IDNs</a> (<a href="/.%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title=".在线">.在线</a>, <a href="/.%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title=".عرب">.عرب</a>, <a href="/.%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%A8" title=".संगठन">.संगठन</a>) in the root zone file.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DNS root zone contains over 1,500 <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="4697ac6f26f5689fb9ae486938ef922d">gTLDs</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="02c77556d9a197923baec89bb18dda77">ccTLDs</a> and <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="7b8aa09e29c3ca63a074cd31e73db594">IDNs</a> that are delegated to the Root Zone Database.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Root_Zone_Management_Process"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Root Zone Management Process</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Root_Zone_Operational_Changes"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Root Zone Operational Changes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Root_Scaling_Study_Report"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Root Scaling Study Report</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Root_Zone_Management_Process">Root Zone Management Process</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Root Zone Management Process" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Root Zone Management Process"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p><a href="/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a>, <a href="/Verisign" title="Verisign">Verisign</a> and the <a href="/Root_Server_Operators" class="mw-redirect" title="Root Server Operators">Root Server Operators</a> play significant roles in the management and process of the root zone. </p><p>ICANN is the operator of the <a href="/IANA" title="IANA">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</a> (<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="7a11d20162183065066be0792416c70b">IANA</a>), which is responsible for the day-to-day management of the DNS root zone. <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="7a11d20162183065066be0792416c70b">IANA</a> assigns the operators of the top level domain and ensures the maintenance and the administrative details of the <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="e800122d43583e63e1740a15d5fa5183">TLDs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also responsible for the coordination of the <a href="/IP" title="IP">Internet Protocol</a> (IP) and <a href="/ASN" class="mw-redirect" title="ASN">Autonomous System Numbers</a> (<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="dec20b35ad94f1a61d9de894338ba93f">ASN</a>) to the <a href="/RIR" class="mw-redirect" title="RIR">Regional Internet Registries</a> (<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="c303c25ee961ff22ea6a7832973f983f">RIR</a>). </p><p>Verisign, and formerly <a href="/Network_Solutions" title="Network Solutions">Network Solutions</a>, serves as the root zone administrator. </p><p>The <a href="/Root_Server_Operators" class="mw-redirect" title="Root Server Operators">Root Server Operators</a>' primary role is to make sure that the operations of the root zone are always accurate, available, reliable, and secure. There are twelve Root Server Operators in the database of the root zone, which include:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>A/J - <a href="/Verisign" title="Verisign">Verisign</a> Global Registry Services</li> <li>B - <a href="/University_of_Southern_California_%E2%80%93_Information_Sciences_Institute" title="University of Southern California – Information Sciences Institute">USC ISI</a></li> <li>C - <a href="/Cogent_Communications" title="Cogent Communications">Cogent Communications</a></li> <li>D - <a href="/University_of_Maryland_%E2%80%93_ACIGS" title="University of Maryland – ACIGS">University of Maryland – ACIGS</a></li> <li>E - <a href="/NASA_Ames_Research_Center" title="NASA Ames Research Center">NASA Ames Research Center</a></li> <li>F - <a href="/ISC" class="mw-redirect" title="ISC">Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.</a></li> <li>G - <a href="/Defense_Information_Systems_Agency" title="Defense Information Systems Agency">Defense Information Systems Agency</a></li> <li>H -<a href="/U.S._Army_Research_Lab" title="U.S. Army Research Lab">U.S. Army Research Lab</a></li> <li>I - <a href="/Netnod" title="Netnod"> Autonomica/NORDUnet</a></li> <li>K - <a href="/RIPE_NCC" class="mw-redirect" title="RIPE NCC">RIPE NCC</a></li> <li>L - <a href="/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a></li> <li>M - <a href="/WIDE_Project" title="WIDE Project">WIDE Project</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Root_Zone_Operational_Changes">Root Zone Operational Changes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Root Zone Operational Changes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Root Zone Operational Changes"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>On February 3, 2009, the <a href="/ICANN_Board" title="ICANN Board">ICANN Board</a> enumerated the upcoming operational changes to be implemented in the <a href="/DNS" class="mw-redirect" title="DNS">DNS</a> root zone, such as the addition of <a href="/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a> records to the root, new <a href="/GTLD" class="mw-redirect" title="GTLD">generic top level domains</a> (<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="4697ac6f26f5689fb9ae486938ef922d">gTLDs</a>), new <a href="/IDN" class="mw-redirect" title="IDN">Internationalized Domain Names</a>, and the implementation of <a href="/DNSSEC" class="mw-redirect" title="DNSSEC">DNSSEC</a>. In connection to the anticipated root zone operational changes, the Board requested the <a href="/SSAC" class="mw-redirect" title="SSAC">Security and Stability Advisory Committee</a> (<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="75f645319b77109ce71e44b66c06a155">SSAC</a>) and <a href="/RSSAC" class="mw-redirect" title="RSSAC">Root Server System Advisory Committee</a> (<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="6d99f54197c0bb99240fff49dd99a0c6">RSSAC</a>) to conduct a joint study to analyze its impact to the stability and security to the DNS root server system. Furthermore, the Board requested both the committees to identify the capacity and scaling of the root server system to be able to solve any technical and operational challenges that might take place when the proposed changes are implemented. Some <a href="/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a> senior technical staff were also to take part in the study.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Root_Scaling_Study_Report">Root Scaling Study Report</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Root Scaling Study Report" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Root Scaling Study Report"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="75f645319b77109ce71e44b66c06a155">SSAC</a>, <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="6d99f54197c0bb99240fff49dd99a0c6">RSSAC</a> and ICANN Staff responded to the request of the ICANN Board by creating a Scaling Steering Group to conduct the study. On September 7, 2009, a report entitled: Report on the Impact on the DNS Root System of Increasing the Size and Volatility of the Root Zone was submitted by the Root Scaling Study Team for the Scaling Steering Group with the following findings and recommendations:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Any of the proposed changes has an effect to the growth of the root zone. The study team suggested that it is best to add or make changes to the root zone with a large or sudden impact. Gradual changes can be added at later stages.</li> <li>Additional new <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="e800122d43583e63e1740a15d5fa5183">TLDs</a> will increase both the number of entries and the size of the root zone, however an increase in the number of <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="e800122d43583e63e1740a15d5fa5183">TLDs</a> will not increase the number of request per year per <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="c509b3bd238b50a1f6f9f3cfd6cc3d2b">TLD</a>.</li> <li>Adding <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="856e4af93be8fe4ae88a4824493d76f8">DNSSEC</a> changes the nature of the root zone wherein it will no longer be an atomic unit or an individual resource record, instead it will be a group resource record. Implementation of <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="856e4af93be8fe4ae88a4824493d76f8">DNSSEC</a> will result in a much bigger amount of data carried in the zone as well as larger zone transfers. Signature and other security related data will be added to queries to the DNS, and thus it needs more bandwidth network resources and the signature data needs to be regularly updated because they have expiration dates to avoid serving bad data and to avoid replay attacks.</li> <li>Additional <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="91b986165f8990bf44fd00cd6eaec922">IDN</a> results to changes in the root zone similar to adding a <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="c509b3bd238b50a1f6f9f3cfd6cc3d2b">TLD</a>.</li> <li>Adding IPv6 records to the root zone will add glue records for the name server of every <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="c509b3bd238b50a1f6f9f3cfd6cc3d2b">TLD</a>. This means that the amount of data increases per <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="c509b3bd238b50a1f6f9f3cfd6cc3d2b">TLD</a> in the root zone and the number of changes per <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="c509b3bd238b50a1f6f9f3cfd6cc3d2b">TLD</a> will also increase each year.</li></ul> <p>The Root Scaling Study Team also found that the proposed changes to the root also affect the end-system applications of the Internet such as the web browsers, intermediary “middleboxes” that perform traffic shaping, firewall, and caching functions; and <a href="/ISP" class="mw-redirect" title="ISP">ISPs</a> that manage the DNS services provided to internet users. </p><p>In addition, the team also recommended further study of how to detect the important signs of stress or problems in root zone management, and how to arrange communication between the individuals primary involved in the root zone management system to ensure that timely intelligence support and effective cooperative action are available and resolve the effects of discontinuities before causing further problems. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/index.php?title=Root_Zone&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div style="font-size:.9em;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isoc.org/briefings/019/">www.isoc.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db">IANA Root Zone Database</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mw-lingo-term" data-lingo-term-id="54bde4340555e534de2f4b6329ee925b">RFC</a> 1591</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iana.org/domains/root/">Root Zone Management</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isoc.org/briefings/019/">Root Server Operators</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icann.org/en/minutes/prelim-report-03feb09.htm">ICANN Special Board Meeting</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icann.org/en/committees/dns-root/root-scaling-study-report-31aug09-en.pdf">Root Scaling Study Report</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="4697ac6f26f5689fb9ae486938ef922d"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Generic_Top-level_Domain" title="Generic Top-level Domain">Generic Top-level Domain</a> </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="02c77556d9a197923baec89bb18dda77"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Country code top-level domain</a>, as determined by "ISO 3166: Country Codes". </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="7b8aa09e29c3ca63a074cd31e73db594"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Internationalized_Domain_Name" title="Internationalized Domain Name">Internationalized Domain Name</a> </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="7a11d20162183065066be0792416c70b"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</a> </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="e800122d43583e63e1740a15d5fa5183"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Top-Level_Domain" title="Top-Level Domain">Top-Level Domain</a> </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="dec20b35ad94f1a61d9de894338ba93f"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Autonomous_System_Numbers" title="Autonomous System Numbers">Autonomous System Numbers</a> </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="c303c25ee961ff22ea6a7832973f983f"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Regional_Internet_Registry" title="Regional Internet Registry">Regional Internet Registry</a> </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="75f645319b77109ce71e44b66c06a155"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Security_and_Stability_Advisory_Committee" title="Security and Stability Advisory Committee">Security and Stability Advisory Committee</a>. Advises the ICANN community and Board on matters relating to the security and integrity of the Internet's naming and address allocation systems (<i>ICANN Bylaws</i>). </p> </div></div> </div><div class="mw-lingo-tooltip" id="6d99f54197c0bb99240fff49dd99a0c6"><div class="mw-lingo-definition navigation-not-searchable"><div class="mw-lingo-definition-text"> <p><a href="/Root_Server_System_Advisory_Committee" title="Root Server System Advisory Committee">Root Server System Advisory Committee</a>. 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