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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Theosophical society</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theosophical_society-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buddhist_catechism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buddhist_catechism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Buddhist catechism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Buddhist_catechism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Buddhist catechism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Buddhist_catechism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Text_of_"Buddhist_Catechism"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text_of_"Buddhist_Catechism""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Text of "Buddhist Catechism"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Text_of_"Buddhist_Catechism"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olcott's_science_and_theosophy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olcott's_science_and_theosophy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Olcott's science and theosophy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olcott's_science_and_theosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Хенри Стил Олкот – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хенри Стил Олкот" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Olcott" title="Henry Olcott – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Henry Olcott" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F" title="हेनरी स्टील ऑलकाट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हेनरी स्टील ऑलकाट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henricus_Steele_Olcott" title="Henricus Steele Olcott – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Henricus Steele Olcott" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Olcott" title="Henry Olcott – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Henry Olcott" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%93%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹെൻറി സ്റ്റീൽ ഓൽകോട്ട് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹെൻറി സ്റ്റീൽ ഓൽകോട്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA" title="هنرى ستيل اولكوت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هنرى ستيل اولكوت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="ヘンリー・スティール・オルコット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘンリー・スティール・オルコット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Олкотт, Генри Стил – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Олкотт, Генри Стил" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%95%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A" title="හෙන්රි ස්ටීල් ඕල්කට් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හෙන්රි ස්ටීල් ඕල්කට්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_S._Olcott" title="Henry S. Olcott – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Henry S. Olcott" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹென்றி ஸ்டீல் ஆல்காட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹென்றி ஸ்டீல் ஆல்காட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95" title="เฮนรี สตีล โอลคอต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฮนรี สตีล โอลคอต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%96_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Генрі Олкотт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Генрі Олкотт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" title="Henry Steel Olcott – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Henry Steel Olcott" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9" title="亨利·斯蒂尔·奥尔科特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亨利·斯蒂尔·奥尔科特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q442617#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Henry Steel Olcott</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:H.S._Olcott-portrait-300.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/H.S._Olcott-portrait-300.jpg/220px-H.S._Olcott-portrait-300.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/H.S._Olcott-portrait-300.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="307" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Colonel Henry Steel Olcott</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">2 August 1832<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Orange,_New_Jersey" title="Orange, New Jersey">Orange, New Jersey</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">17 February 1907 (aged 74)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Adyar_(Chennai)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adyar (Chennai)">Adyar, Madras</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">City College of New York</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Military officer <br /> Journalist <br /> Lawyer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Revival of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Mary Epplee Morgan</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Henry_Steel_Olcott_(1832%E2%80%931907).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Signature_of_Henry_Steel_Olcott_%281832%E2%80%931907%29.png/150px-Signature_of_Henry_Steel_Olcott_%281832%E2%80%931907%29.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Signature_of_Henry_Steel_Olcott_%281832%E2%80%931907%29.png/225px-Signature_of_Henry_Steel_Olcott_%281832%E2%80%931907%29.png 1.5x, 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theosophical_Society_Seal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Theosophical Society emblem with the ankh symbol in a seal of Solomon encircled by the ouroboros, topped by a swastika and the om ligature and surrounded by the motto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Theosophical_Society_Seal.jpg" decoding="async" width="229" height="239" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="229" data-file-height="239" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Founders</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Quan_Judge" title="William Quan Judge">William Quan Judge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Steel Olcott</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Theosophists</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Besant" title="Annie Besant">Annie Besant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Cooper-Oakley" title="Isabel Cooper-Oakley">Isabel Cooper-Oakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crosbie" title="Robert Crosbie">Robert Crosbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abner_Doubleday" title="Abner Doubleday">Abner Doubleday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hodson" title="Geoffrey Hodson">Geoffrey Hodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavan_N._Iyer" title="Raghavan N. Iyer">Raghavan N. Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassily_Kandinsky" title="Wassily Kandinsky">Wassily Kandinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Keightley" title="Archibald Keightley">Archibald Keightley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._W._Leadbeater" class="mw-redirect" title="C. W. Leadbeater">C. W. Leadbeater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._R._S._Mead" title="G. R. S. Mead">G. R. S. Mead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_E._Powell" title="Arthur E. Powell">Arthur E. Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Morgan_Pryse" title="James Morgan Pryse">James Morgan Pryse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallapragada_Subba_Row" title="Tallapragada Subba Row">Subba Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Scott-Elliot" title="William Scott-Elliot">William Scott-Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Percy_Sinnett" title="Alfred Percy Sinnett">Alfred Percy Sinnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Rudolf Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Stonehouse" title="Brian Stonehouse">Brian Stonehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Tingley" title="Katherine Tingley">Katherine Tingley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Wood" title="Ernest Wood">Ernest Wood</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Concepts</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Root_races" class="mw-redirect" title="Root races">Root races</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_rays#In_Theosophy" title="Seven rays">Seven rays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_mysticism" title="Theosophical mysticism">Theosophical mysticism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Organizations</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_Adyar" title="Theosophical Society Adyar">Theosophical Society Adyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_in_America" title="Theosophical Society in America">Theosophical Society in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_in_America_(Hargrove)" title="Theosophical Society in America (Hargrove)">Theosophical Society in America (Hargrove)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_Pasadena" title="Theosophical Society Pasadena">Theosophical Society Pasadena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_Point_Loma_-_Blavatskyhouse" title="Theosophical Society Point Loma - Blavatskyhouse">Theosophical Society Point Loma - Blavatskyhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Lodge_of_Theosophists" title="United Lodge of Theosophists">United Lodge of Theosophists</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Texts</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/At_the_Feet_of_the_Master" title="At the Feet of the Master">At the Feet of the Master</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Dzyan" title="Book of Dzyan">Book of Dzyan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esoteric_Buddhism_(book)" title="Esoteric Buddhism (book)"><i>Esoteric Buddhism</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isis_Unveiled" title="Isis Unveiled">Isis Unveiled</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Key_to_Theosophy" title="The Key to Theosophy">The Key to Theosophy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Doctrine" title="The Secret Doctrine">The Secret Doctrine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Theosophical Glossary">Theosophical Glossary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_of_the_Silence" title="The Voice of the Silence">The Voice of the Silence</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Publications</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucifer_(magazine)" title="Lucifer (magazine)"><i>Lucifer</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunrise (magazine)"><i>Sunrise</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Theosophist" title="The Theosophist">The Theosophist</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Masters</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuthumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuthumi">Kuthumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitreya_(Theosophy)" title="Maitreya (Theosophy)">Maitreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Hilarion" title="Master Hilarion">Master Hilarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Jesus" title="Master Jesus">Master Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morya_(Theosophy)" title="Morya (Theosophy)">Morya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Germain_(Theosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Germain (Theosophy)">St. Germain</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Comparative</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Theosophy" title="Buddhism and Theosophy">Buddhism and Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Theosophy" title="Christianity and Theosophy">Christianity and Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Theosophy" title="Hinduism and Theosophy">Hinduism and Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_literature" title="Theosophy and literature">Theosophy and literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_visual_arts" title="Theosophy and visual arts">Theosophy and visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_Western_philosophy" title="Theosophy and Western philosophy">Theosophy and Western philosophy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Yoga" title="Agni Yoga">Agni Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Bailey" title="Alice Bailey">Alice Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophy" title="Anthroposophy">Anthroposophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascended_Master_Teachings" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascended Master Teachings">Ascended Master Teachings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esotericism" class="mw-redirect" title="Esotericism">Esotericism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiddu_Krishnamurti" title="Jiddu Krishnamurti">Jiddu Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Catholic_Church" title="Liberal Catholic Church">Liberal Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masters_of_the_Ancient_Wisdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Masters of the Ancient Wisdom">Masters of the Ancient Wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Theosophy" title="Neo-Theosophy">Neo-Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism" title="Neoplatonism">Neoplatonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occultism" class="mw-redirect" title="Occultism">Occultism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_in_the_East" title="Order of the Star in the East">Order of the Star in the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perennial_philosophy" title="Perennial philosophy">Perennial philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plane_(esotericism)" title="Plane (esotericism)">Plane (esotericism)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Theosophy" title="Template:Theosophy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Theosophy" title="Template talk:Theosophy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Theosophy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Theosophy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">Colonel</a> <b>Henry Steel Olcott</b> (2 August 1832 – 17 February 1907) was an American military officer, journalist, lawyer, Freemason (member of Huguenot Lodge #448, now #46) and the co-founder and first president of the <a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a>. </p><p>Olcott was the first well-known American of European ancestry to make a formal <a href="/wiki/Refuge_in_Buddhism" title="Refuge in Buddhism">conversion to Buddhism</a>. His subsequent actions as president of the Theosophical Society helped create a renaissance in the study of Buddhism. Olcott is considered a <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Buddhist modernist</a> for his efforts in interpreting <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> through a <a href="/wiki/Western_culture" title="Western culture">Europeanized</a> lens. </p><p>Olcott was a major revivalist of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Buddhism in Sri Lanka">Buddhism in Sri Lanka</a> and he is still honored in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> for these efforts. Vice President of the <a href="/wiki/Ananda_College" title="Ananda College">Ananda College</a> Old Boys Association Samitha Seneviratne has said that "Col. Olcott's contribution towards the betterment of our country, nation, religion, justice and good conduct has been so great that he remains in our hearts forever".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg/220px-A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg/330px-A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg/440px-A_Replica_of_the_Certification_Letter_written_By_Henry_Steel_Olcott_Mentioning_that_He_took_Pancha_Sila_at_Vijayananda_Vihara_Galle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1558" data-file-height="1079" /></a><figcaption>A replica of the Certification Letter written By Henry Steel Olcott mentioning that he took <a href="/wiki/Five_Precepts" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Precepts">Pancha Sila</a> for the first time at Vijayananda <a href="/wiki/Galle" title="Galle">Galle</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Olcott was born on 2 August 1832 in <a href="/wiki/Orange,_New_Jersey" title="Orange, New Jersey">Orange, New Jersey</a>, the oldest of six children, to <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> businessman Henry Wyckoff Olcott and Emily Steele Olcott. As a child, Olcott lived on his father's <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> farm.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his teens he attended first the <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">College of the City of New York</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he joined the <a href="/wiki/List_of_St._Anthony_Hall_members" title="List of St. Anthony Hall members">St. Anthony Hall</a> fraternity,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a milieu of well-known people. In 1851 his father's business failed and he had to leave the university. </p><p>While living in <a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Ohio" title="Amherst, Ohio">Amherst, Ohio</a>, Olcott was introduced to <a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">spiritualism</a> by relatives who had formed a spiritualist circle after seeing the <a href="/wiki/Fox_sisters" title="Fox sisters">Fox sisters</a> on tour in Cleveland.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, Olcott became interested in studies of "<a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">hypnotism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychometry_(paranormal)" title="Psychometry (paranormal)">psychometry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Animal_magnetism" title="Animal magnetism">mesmerism</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1853, after returning to New York, Olcott became a founding member of the New York Conference of Spiritualists.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also published letters and articles on spiritualist topics in the <i>Spiritual Telegraph</i> under the pseudonym "Amherst".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1858 to 1860 Olcott was the agricultural correspondent for the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Tribune">New York Tribune</a></i> and the <i>Mark Lane Express</i>, but occasionally submitted articles on other subjects. He was present for <a href="/wiki/John_Brown_(abolitionist)" title="John Brown (abolitionist)">John Brown</a>'s execution.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He also published a genealogy of his family extending back to Thomas Olcott, one of the founders of <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford, Connecticut</a>, in 1636. </p><p>In 1860 Olcott married Mary Epplee Morgan, daughter of the rector of Trinity parish, <a href="/wiki/New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="New Rochelle, New York">New Rochelle, New York</a>. They had four children, two of whom died in infancy. </p><p>He served in the US Army during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> and afterward was admitted as the Special Commissioner of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">War Department</a> in New York. He was later promoted to the rank of colonel and transferred to the Department of the Navy in Washington, DC. He was well respected, and in 1865, following the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Assassination of Abraham Lincoln">assassination of Abraham Lincoln</a>, assisted in the investigation of the assassination. </p><p>In 1868 he became a lawyer specializing in insurance, revenue, and fraud. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg/180px-Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg/270px-Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg/360px-Peopleotherworld_Safar_Ali_Bek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>The spirit <a href="/wiki/Materialization_(paranormal)" title="Materialization (paranormal)">materialization</a> of Safar Ali Bek, a drawing from Olcott's book <i>People from the Other World</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1874 he became aware of the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9ance" title="Séance">séances</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eddy_Brothers" title="Eddy Brothers">Eddy Brothers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chittenden,_Vermont" title="Chittenden, Vermont">Chittenden, Vermont</a>. His interest aroused, Olcott wrote an article for the <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sun (New York)">New York Sun</a></i>, in which he investigated Eddy Farms. His article was popular enough that other papers, such as the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Daily_Graphic" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Daily Graphic">New York Daily Graphic</a></i>, republished it. His 1874 publication <i>People from the Other World</i> began with his early articles concerning the <a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualist</a> movement. </p><p>Also in 1874, Olcott met <a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a> while both were visiting the Eddy farm. His foundational interest in the Spiritualist movement and his budding relationship with Blavatsky helped foster his development of spiritual philosophy. </p><p>Olcott continued to act as a lawyer during the first few years of the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a>, in addition to being a financial supporter of the <a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">new religious movement</a>. In early 1875 Olcott was asked by prominent Spiritualists to investigate an accusation of fraud against the mediums Jenny and Nelson Holmes, who had claimed to materialize the famous "spirit control" <a href="/wiki/Katie_King_(spirit)" title="Katie King (spirit)">Katie King</a> (Doyle 1926: volume 1, 269–277). </p><p>In 1880 <a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a> and Olcott became the first Westerners to receive the <a href="/wiki/Refuge_(Buddhism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Refuge (Buddhism)">Three Refuges</a> and <a href="/wiki/Five_Precepts" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Precepts">Five Precepts</a>, the ceremony by which one traditionally becomes a Buddhist; thus Blavatsky was the first Western woman to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Olcott once described his adult faith as "pure, primitive Buddhism", but his was a unique sort of Buddhism.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theosophical_society">Theosophical society</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Theosophical society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1874 on, Olcott's spiritual growth and development with Blavatsky and other spiritual leaders would lead to the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a>. In 1875, Olcott, Blavatsky, and others, notably <a href="/wiki/William_Quan_Judge" title="William Quan Judge">William Quan Judge</a>, formed the Theosophical Society in New York City, USA. Olcott financially supported the earliest years of the Theosophical Society and was acting president while Blavatsky served as the Society's Secretary. </p><p>In December 1878, they left New York in order to move the headquarters of the Society to India. They arrived at <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> on February 16, 1879.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Olcott set out to experience the native country of his spiritual leader, the <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a>. The headquarters of the Society were established at <a href="/wiki/Adyar_(Chennai)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adyar (Chennai)">Adyar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_Adyar" title="Theosophical Society Adyar">Theosophical Society Adyar</a>, starting also the <a href="/wiki/Adyar_Library" title="Adyar Library">Adyar Library and Research Centre</a> within the headquarters. </p><p>While in India, Olcott strove to receive the translations of sacred oriental texts which were becoming available as a result of western researches. His intent was to avoid the Westernized interpretations often encountered in America, and to discover the pure message of texts from the <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrian">Zoroastrian</a> religions, in order to properly educate Westerners. </p><p>Olcott's research and translation efforts put him in dialogue with early, ostensibly secular <a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropologists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">scholars of religion</a>. He corresponded extensively with <a href="/wiki/Max_M%C3%BCller" title="Max Müller">Max Müller</a>, asking questions related to his interest in Hinduism and Buddhism and sharing discoveries from his travels in South Asia. He also personally met both Müller and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Burnett_Tylor" title="Edward Burnett Tylor">Edward Burnett Tylor</a> at least once at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg/220px-Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg/330px-Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg/440px-Blavatsky_Olcott_Mavalankar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a> standing behind Henry Steele Olcott (middle seated) and <a href="/wiki/Damodar_K._Mavalankar" title="Damodar K. Mavalankar">Damodar Mavalankar</a> (seated at his right) in <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> 1881</figcaption></figure> <p>Olcott's main religious interest was Buddhism, and he is commonly known for his work in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>. After a two-year correspondence with <a href="/wiki/Sri_Piyaratana_Tissa_Mahanayake_Thero" title="Sri Piyaratana Tissa Mahanayake Thero">Sri Piyaratana Tissa Mahanayake Thero</a>, he and Blavatsky arrived in the then capital <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> on May 16, 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Helena Blavatsky and Henry Steele Olcott took <a href="/wiki/Five_Precepts" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Precepts">Five Precepts</a> at the Wijayananda Viharaya located at Weliwatta in <a href="/wiki/Galle" title="Galle">Galle</a> on May 19, 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On that day Olcott and Blavatsky were formally acknowledged as Buddhists, although Olcott noted that they had previously declared themselves Buddhists, while still living in America.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his time in Sri Lanka Olcott strove to revive Buddhism within the region, while compiling the tenets of Buddhism for the education of Westerners. It was during this period that he wrote the <i>Buddhist Catechism</i> (1881), which is still used today. The Theosophical Society built several Buddhist schools in Ceylon, most notably <a href="/wiki/Ananda_College" title="Ananda College">Ananda College</a> in 1886, <a href="/wiki/Dharmaraja_College" title="Dharmaraja College">Dharmaraja College</a> <a href="/wiki/Kandy" title="Kandy">Kandy</a> in 1887, <a href="/wiki/Maliyadeva_College" title="Maliyadeva College">Maliyadeva College</a> <a href="/wiki/Kurunegala" title="Kurunegala">Kurunegala</a> in 1888, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siddhartha_Kumara_Maha_Vidyalaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siddhartha Kumara Maha Vidyalaya (page does not exist)">Siddhartha Kumara Maha Vidyalaya</a> (First named as "Buddhist boys' School") <a href="/wiki/Gampaha" title="Gampaha">Gampaha</a> in 1891, <a href="/wiki/Dharmadutha_College,_Badulla" title="Dharmadutha College, Badulla">Dharmadutha College, Badulla</a> in 1891, <a href="/wiki/Mahinda_College" title="Mahinda College">Mahinda College</a> <a href="/wiki/Galle" title="Galle">Galle</a> in 1892, <a href="/wiki/Nalanda_College,_Colombo" title="Nalanda College, Colombo">Nalanda College, Colombo</a> in 1925, <a href="/wiki/Musaeus_College" title="Musaeus College">Musaeus College</a> (Girls School) in Colombo and <a href="/wiki/Dharmasoka_College" title="Dharmasoka College">Dharmasoka College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ambalangoda" title="Ambalangoda">Ambalangoda</a>. Olcott also acted as an adviser to the committee appointed to design a Buddhist flag in 1885. The <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_flag" title="Buddhist flag">Buddhist flag</a> designed with the assistance of Olcott was later adopted as a symbol by the <a href="/wiki/World_Fellowship_of_Buddhists" title="World Fellowship of Buddhists">World Fellowship of Buddhists</a> and as the universal flag of all <a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Buddhism" title="Schools of Buddhism">Buddhist traditions</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg/260px-Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg/390px-Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg/520px-Olcot-Brotherhood-1-768x554.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="554" /></a><figcaption>The list of initial schools which are established by Colonel Hendy Steel Olcott's Parama Vigngnanartha Buddhist Society.</figcaption></figure> <p>Helena Blavatsky eventually went to live in London, where she died in 1891, but Olcott stayed in India and pursued the work of the Theosophical Society there. Olcott's role in the Theosophical Society would still be as president, but the induction of <a href="/wiki/Annie_Besant" title="Annie Besant">Annie Besant</a> sparked a new era of the movement. Upon his death, the Theosophical Society elected her to take over as president and leader of the movement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buddhist_catechism">Buddhist catechism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Buddhist catechism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Text_of_"Buddhist_Catechism""><span id="Text_of_.22Buddhist_Catechism.22"></span>Text of "Buddhist Catechism"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Text of "Buddhist Catechism""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olcott_and_Buddhists.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Olcott_and_Buddhists.jpg/300px-Olcott_and_Buddhists.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Olcott_and_Buddhists.jpg/450px-Olcott_and_Buddhists.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Olcott_and_Buddhists.jpg 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="306" /></a><figcaption>Henry Olcott and Buddhists (Colombo, 1883)</figcaption></figure> <p>Olcott's "Buddhist Catechism", composed in 1881, is one of his most enduring contributions to the revival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, and remains in use there today. The text outlines what Olcott saw to be the basic doctrines of Buddhism, including the life of the <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a>, the message of the <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a>, the role of the <a href="/wiki/Sangha_(Buddhism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangha (Buddhism)">Sangha</a>. The text also treats how the Buddha's message correlates with contemporary society. Olcott was considered by South Asians and others as a Buddhist revivalist.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is presented in the same format of question and answer used in some Christian <a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">catechisms</a>. Here are a few examples from that text: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"> <p><b>Q.</b> Would you call a person a Buddhist who has merely been born of Buddhist parents?<br /> <b>A.</b> Certainly not. A Buddhist is one who not only professes belief in the Buddha as the noblest of Teachers, in the Doctrine preached by Him, and in the brotherhood of <a href="/wiki/Arahant_(Buddhism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arahant (Buddhism)">Arhats</a>, but practices his Precepts in daily life.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Q.</b> What is Karma?<br /> <b>A.</b> A causation operating on the moral, as well as physical and other planes. Buddhists say there is no miracle in human affairs: what a man sows that he must still reap.<br /> </p><p><b>Q.</b> What other good words have been used to express the essence of Buddhism?<br /> <b>A.</b> Self-culture and universal love.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Concerning the <a href="/wiki/Four_sights" title="Four sights">Four sights</a> and how they impacted the Buddha:<br /> <b>26. Q:</b> Why should these sights, so familiar to everybody, have caused him to go into the jungle?<br /> <b>A.</b> We often see such signs. He had not; and they made a deep impression on his mind.<br /> <b>27. Q:</b> Why had he not also seen them?<br /> <b>A:</b> The astrologers had foretold at his birth that he would one day resign his kingdom and become a Buddha. The King, his father, not wishing to lose his son, had carefully prevented his seeing any sights that might suggest to him human misery and death. No one was allowed even to speak of such things to the Prince. He was almost like a prisoner in his lovely palaces and flower gardens. They were surrounded with high walls; and inside everything was made as beautiful as possible, so that he might not want to go and see the sorrow and distress that are in the world. <br /> <b>28. Q:</b> Was he so kind-hearted that his father feared he might really want to sacrifice himself for the world's sake?<br /> <b>A:</b> Yes; he seems to have felt for all being so strong a pity and love as that.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>55. Q.</b> Why does ignorance cause suffering? <br /> <b>A.</b> Because it makes us prize what is not worth prizing, grieve for that we should not grieve for, consider real what is not real but only illusory, and pass our lives in the pursuit of worthless objects, neglecting what is in reality most valuable. <br /> </p><p><b>56. Q.</b> And what is that which is most valuable? <br /> </p> <p><b>A.</b> To know the whole secret of man's existence and destiny, so that we may estimate at no more than their actual value and this life and its relations; so that we may live in a way to insure the greatest happiness and the least suffering for our fellow-men and ourselves<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Olcott's catechism reflects a new, post-Enlightenment interpretation of traditional Buddhist tenets. As <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_McMahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David McMahan (page does not exist)">David McMahan</a> stated, "[Olcott] allied Buddhism with scientific rationalism in implicit criticism of orthodox Christianity, but went well beyond the tenets of conventional science in extrapolating from the Romantic- and <a href="/wiki/Transcendentalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcendentalist">Transcendentalist</a>-influenced 'occult sciences' of the nineteenth century."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olcott's_science_and_theosophy"><span id="Olcott.27s_science_and_theosophy"></span>Olcott's science and theosophy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Olcott's science and theosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Theosophists combination of spiritualism and science to investigate the supernatural reflected the society's desire to combine religion and reason and to produce a rationally spiritual movement. This "occult science" within the Theosophical Society was used to find the "truth" behind all of the world's major religions. Through their research, Olcott and Blavatsky concluded that Buddhism best embodied elements of what they found significant in all religions. </p><p>Olcott utilized scientific reasoning in his synthesis and presentation of Buddhism. This is clearly seen in a chapter of his "Buddhist Catechism", entitled "Buddhism and Science". Notably, his efforts represent one of the earliest attempts to combine scientific understanding and reasoning with Buddhist religion.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The interrelationship he saw between Buddhism and Science paralleled his Theosophical approach to show the scientific bases for supernatural phenomena such as auras, hypnosis, and Buddhist "miracles". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: ; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External images</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lomonosov.org/kartina3/theosophy/images/olcott_himself/13b.jpg">The unveiling a statue to Olcott in Colombo</a>.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosophical.org/files/images/stories/articles/olcott.jpg">Olcott statue in New Jersey</a>.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/16px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/24px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/32px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.important.ca/images/Olcott_Statue.jpg">Olcott statue situated near the auditorium of Dharmaraja College, Kandy</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Olcott was President of the Theosophical Society until his death on February 17, 1907. </p><p>Two major streets in <a href="/wiki/Colombo" title="Colombo">Colombo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Galle" title="Galle">Galle</a> have been named Olcott Mawatha, to commemorate him. Statues of him has been erected in Galle and Colombo. Many other Buddhist schools that he helped found or have been founded in his memory possess commemorative statues in honour of his contribution to Buddhist education. On September 10, 2011, a statue of Colonel Olcott was unveiled at a Buddhist temple near Princeton, New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is still remembered fondly by many Sri Lankans today. </p><p>The date of his death is often remembered by Buddhist centers and Sunday schools in present-day <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, as well as in Theosophical communities around the globe. Olcott believed himself to be Asia's savior, the outsider hero who would sweep in at the end of the drama to save a disenchanted subcontinent from spiritual death.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The effort to revitalize Buddhism within Sri Lanka was successful and influenced many native Buddhist intellectuals. Sri Lanka was dominated by British colonial power and influence at the time, and many Buddhists heard Olcott's interpretation of the Buddha's message as socially motivating and supportive of efforts to overturn colonialist efforts to ignore Buddhism and Buddhist tradition. This was despite the fact that his re-interpretation of the Buddha was along modern liberal ideas promoted by the British in Sri Lanka. As David McMahan wrote, "Henry Steel Olcott saw the Buddha as a figure much like the ideal liberal freethinker – someone full of 'benevolence,' 'gratitude,' and 'tolerance,' who promoted 'brotherhood among all men' as well as 'lessons in manly self-reliance".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His Europeanized view of Buddha influenced Sri Lankan leaders, such as <a href="/wiki/Anagarika_Dharmapala" title="Anagarika Dharmapala">Anagarika Dharmapala</a>. </p><p>Olcott and <a href="/wiki/Anagarika_Dharmapala" title="Anagarika Dharmapala">Anagarika Dharmapala</a> were associates, which reflects both men's awareness of the divide between East and West—as seen in their presentation of Buddhism to Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Olcott helped financially support the Buddhist presence at the <a href="/wiki/World_Parliament_of_Religions" class="mw-redirect" title="World Parliament of Religions">World Parliament of Religions</a> in Chicago, 1893. The inclusion of Buddhists in the Parliament allowed for the expansion of Buddhism within Europe in general and in America specifically, leading to other Buddhist Modernist movements. </p><p>As Stephen Prothero wrote, </p> <blockquote> <p>It was Olcott who most eloquently articulated and most obviously embodied the diverse religious and cultural traditions that shaped Protestant Buddhism, who gave the revival movement both its organizational shape and its emphasis on education-as-character-building. The most Protestant of all early Protestant Buddhists, Olcott was the liminoid figure, the griot who because of his awkward standing betwixt and between the American Protestant grammars of his youth and the Asian Buddhist lexicon of his adulthood was able to conjure traditional Sinhalese Buddhism, Protestant modernism, metropolitan gentility, and academic <a href="/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalism</a> into a decidedly new creole tradition. This creole tradition Olcott then passed on to a whole generation of Sinhalese students educated in his schools.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Olcott is probably the only major contributor to the nineteenth-century Sinhalese Buddhist revival who was actually born and raised in the Protestant Christian tradition, though he had already left Protestantism for <a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a> long before he became a Buddhist. His childhood Protestantism is a reason that many scholars have referred to the <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Buddhist modernism</a> he influenced as "Protestant Buddhism".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Sorgho and Imphee, the Chinese and African sugar canes</i>; A. O. Moore, New York 1857</li> <li><i>Outlines of the first course of Yale agricultural lectures</i>; C. M. Saxton, Barker & Co., New York 1860</li> <li><i>Descendents of Thomas Olcott</i>, 1872</li> <li><i>Human Spirits and Elementaries</i>; 1875</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL6526436M/People_from_the_other_world"><i>People from the other world</i></a> American Publishing Co., Hartford 1875</li> <li><i>A Buddhist catechism</i>; Madras 1881</li> <li><i>Theosophy, Religion, and Occult Science</i>; New York 1885</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosophy.ph/onlinebooks.html"><i>Old Diary Leaves</i></a> (6 volumes), (New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1895)</li> <li><i>The Hindu Dwaita Catechism</i>; 1886</li> <li><i>The Golden Rules of Buddhism</i>; 1887</li> <li><i>The kinship between Hinduism and Buddhism</i>; The Maha-Bodhi society, Calcutta 1893</li> <li><i>The Poor Pariah</i>; Addison & Co., Madras 1902</li> <li><i>The Life of the Buddha and its Lessons</i>; 1912</li> <li><i>The Spirit of Zoroastrianism</i>; 1913</li> <li><i>Old diary leaves, Inside the occult, the true story of Madame H. P. Blavatsky</i>; Running Press, Philadelphia 1975 (reprint); <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-914294-31-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-914294-31-8">0-914294-31-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/19px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/29px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/38px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="1875" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:American_Civil_War" title="Portal:American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_flag" title="Buddhist flag">Buddhist flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anagarika_Dharmapala" title="Anagarika Dharmapala">Anagarika Dharmapala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Buddhist modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Buddhism in Sri Lanka">Buddhism in Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Theosophy and Buddhism">Theosophy and Buddhism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJayawardana" class="citation web cs1">Jayawardana, Ruwini. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives1.dailynews.lk/2020/11/27/features/234614/pioneering-legend-buddhist-education-sri-lanka">"Pioneering legend of Buddhist education in Sri Lanka"</a>. <i>Daily News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=Pioneering+legend+of+Buddhist+education+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.aulast=Jayawardana&rft.aufirst=Ruwini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives1.dailynews.lk%2F2020%2F11%2F27%2Ffeatures%2F234614%2Fpioneering-legend-buddhist-education-sri-lanka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosophical.org/resources/library/olcott-centenary/family/olcott-family.htm">Janet <b>Kerschner</b>, <i>The Olcott Family</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081218213500/http://www.theosophical.org/resources/library/olcott-centenary/family/olcott-family.htm">Archived</a> 2008-12-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosociety.org/pasadena/sunrise/46-96-7/th-sbdo.htm">Remembering H. S. Olcott</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.answers.com/topic/baird-s-manual-of-american-college-fraternities-1879-delta-psi">Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities ...: Information and Much More from Answers.com</a> at www.answers.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProthero,_Stephen_R.1996" class="citation book cs1">Prothero, Stephen R. (1996). <i>The White Buddhist: The Asian Odyssey of Henry Steel Olcott</i>. Indiana University Press. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780585109503" title="Special:BookSources/9780585109503"><bdi>9780585109503</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/946214562">946214562</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+White+Buddhist%3A+The+Asian+Odyssey+of+Henry+Steel+Olcott&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F946214562&rft.isbn=9780585109503&rft.au=Prothero%2C+Stephen+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProthero,_Stephen" class="citation book cs1">Prothero, Stephen. <i>The White Buddhist</i>. p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+White+Buddhist&rft.pages=23&rft.au=Prothero%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProthero,_Stephen" class="citation book cs1">Prothero, Stephen. <i>The White Buddhist</i>. p. 23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+White+Buddhist&rft.pages=23&rft.au=Prothero%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosophy.ph/onlinebooks/odl/odl120.html">Olcott's Old Diary Leaves, pg. 322</a>; Amherst, "A Word to Mediums," <i>Spiritual Telegraph</i>, October 27, 1855.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlcott1875" class="citation cs2">Olcott, Henry S. (1875), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1BVUAAAAYAAJ&q=John+brown">"How We Hung John Brown"</a>, in <a href="/wiki/John_Brougham" title="John Brougham">Brougham, John</a>; Elderkin, John (eds.), <i>Lotos Leaves</i>, Boston: William F. Gill, pp. 233–249</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=How+We+Hung+John+Brown&rft.btitle=Lotos+Leaves&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=233-249&rft.pub=William+F.+Gill&rft.date=1875&rft.aulast=Olcott&rft.aufirst=Henry+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1BVUAAAAYAAJ%26q%3DJohn%2Bbrown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Current Perspectives in Buddhism: Buddhism today : issues & global dimensions</i>, Madhusudan Sakya, Cyber Tech Publications, 2011, page 244</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prothero, Stephen. "Henry Steele Olcott and 'Protestant Buddhism'" pg.285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosociety.org/pasadena/mahatma/ml-ccpre.htm">Combined Chronology of The Mahatma Letters – Preface</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosephson-Storm2017" class="citation book cs1">Josephson-Storm, Jason (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xZ5yDgAAQBAJ"><i>The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences</i></a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 122–123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-40336-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-40336-6"><bdi>978-0-226-40336-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Myth+of+Disenchantment%3A+Magic%2C+Modernity%2C+and+the+Birth+of+the+Human+Sciences&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=122-123&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-226-40336-6&rft.aulast=Josephson-Storm&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxZ5yDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanatunga2001" class="citation news cs1">Ranatunga, D. C. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sundaytimes.lk/030824/plus/9.html">"That controversial clash"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times_(Sri_Lanka)" title="The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)">The Sunday Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=That+controversial+clash&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Ranatunga&rft.aufirst=D.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sundaytimes.lk%2F030824%2Fplus%2F9.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaviratne2004" class="citation news cs1">Kaviratne, W. T. J. S. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.dailynews.lk/2004/10/13/fea04.html">"The first Buddhist School in Sri Lanka – Piyarathana Vidyalaya of Dodanduwa dilapidated, threatened with closure"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_News_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Daily News (Sri Lanka)">Daily News (Sri Lanka)</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News+%28Sri+Lanka%29&rft.atitle=The+first+Buddhist+School+in+Sri+Lanka+%E2%80%93+Piyarathana+Vidyalaya+of+Dodanduwa+dilapidated%2C+threatened+with+closure&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Kaviratne&rft.aufirst=W.+T.+J.+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.dailynews.lk%2F2004%2F10%2F13%2Ffea04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliveira" class="citation news cs1">Oliveira, Pedro. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cwlworld.info/html/bio.html">"BIO"</a>. CWL World.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BIO&rft.aulast=Oliveira&rft.aufirst=Pedro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cwlworld.info%2Fhtml%2Fbio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Steel+Olcott" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olcott in Caldwell (2000)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prothero, Stephen. "Henry Steel Olcott and 'Protestant Buddhism'" pg.283</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olcott's <i>Buddhist Catechism</i>, pg 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olcott's <i>Buddhist Catechism</i>, pg 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olcott's <i>Buddhist Catechism</i>, pg. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olcott's <i>Buddhist Catechism</i>, pg, 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McMahan, David L. <i>The Making of Buddhist Modernism</i> USA: Oxford University Press, 2008. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McMahan, David L. <i>The Making of Buddhist Modernism</i> USA: Oxford University Press, 2008. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ed Abdill <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosophical.org/announcements/2386-olcott-statue-unveiled-in-new-jersey"><i>Olcott statue unveiled in New Jersey.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402153933/https://www.theosophical.org/announcements/2386-olcott-statue-unveiled-in-new-jersey">Archived</a> 2015-04-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prothero, Stephen. "Henry Steel Olcott and 'Protestant Buddhism'" pg.295</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McMahan, David L. <i>The Making of Buddhist Modernism</i> USA: Oxford University Press, 2008. McMahon 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McMahan, David L. <i>The Making of Buddhist Modernism.</i> USA: Oxford University Press, 2008. Pg 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prothero, Stephen. "Henry Steel Olcott and 'Protestant Buddhism'" pg.296/297</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prothero, Stephen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rfh&AN=ATLA0000904932&site=ehost-live">"Henry Steel Olcott and what has been termed by scholars as "Protestant Buddhism"."</a> <i>Journal of the American Academy of Religion</i> 63.2 (Summer 1995): 281–302. ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials. EBSCO. Norlin, Boulder, Colorado. 27 April 2009, pg. 283</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Caldwell, Daniel H. (ed) <i>The Esoteric World of Madame Blavatsky: Insights Into the Life of a Modern Sphinx</i>, Quest Books, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8356-0794-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8356-0794-1">0-8356-0794-1</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0794-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0794-0">978-0-8356-0794-0</a>.</li> <li>Doyle, Arthur Conan. <i>The History of Spiritualism.</i> New York: G.H. Doran, Co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classic-literature.co.uk/scottish-authors/arthur-conan-doyle/the-history-of-spiritualism-vol-i/">Volume 1: 1926</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classic-literature.co.uk/scottish-authors/arthur-conan-doyle/the-history-of-spiritualism-vol-ii/">Volume 2: 1926</a></li> <li>Guruge, Ananda W. P. <i>Free at Last in Paradis</i>, Authuhouse, Bloomington, Ind, 1998</li> <li>Guruge, A. (2007, January). "Henry Steel Olcott in Sri Lanka: death centennial tribute". <i>Theosophical History</i>, 13(1), 10–13. Retrieved April 27, 2009, from ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials database.</li> <li><i>From the Living Fountains of Buddhism</i>, Colombo, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, 1984</li> <li><i>Return to Righteousness</i>, Colombo, Ministry of Cultural Affairs, 1965/1991</li> <li>Killingley, D. (1998, April). "The White Buddhist: the Asian odyssey of Henry Steel Olcott". <i><a href="/wiki/International_Journal_of_Hindu_Studies" title="International Journal of Hindu Studies">International Journal of Hindu Studies</a></i>, 2(1), 153–154. Retrieved April 27, 2009, from ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials database.</li> <li>Kuhn, Alvin Boyd. 1930. <i>Theosophy: A Modern Revival of Ancient Wisdom</i>. New York: Henry Holt & Company.</li> <li>Motwani, Kewal: <i>Colonel H. S. Olcott, a forgotten page in American history</i>; Ganesh, Madras 1955 (English)</li> <li>Murphet, Howard: <i>Hammer on the mountain, life of Henry Steel Olcott (1832–1907)</i>; Theosophical Publishing House, Wheaton 1972; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8356-0210-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8356-0210-9">0-8356-0210-9</a></li> <li>Prothero, Stephen R.: <i>The White Buddhist: The Asian Odyssey of Henry Steel Olcott</i>; Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1996; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-33014-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-33014-9">0-253-33014-9</a></li> <li>Prothero, Stephen R.. "Henry Steel Olcott and 'Protestant Buddhism.'" <i>Journal of the American Academy of Religion</i> 63: 281–302.</li> <li>Williams, Gertrude Marvin. <i>Priestess of the Occult, Madame Blavatsky</i>. New York : A. A. Knopf, 1946</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Steel_Olcott&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Henry_Steel_Olcott" class="extiw" title="commons:Henry Steel Olcott"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Henry Steel Olcott</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bps.lk/library-search-select.php?id=wh281">Colonel Olcott, His Service to Buddhism</a></i> by B.P. Kirthisinghe & M.P. Amarasuriya</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090721051328/http://www.theosophical.org/resources/library/olcott-centenary/ts/olcott-ts.htm">Henry S. Olcott: 100 years anniversary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081005113554/http://www.dailynews.lk/2008/09/30/fea02.asp">When Olcott came to Ceylon</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aryasangha.org/olcott-prothero.htm">Page at Aryasangha.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.katinkahesselink.net/other/c/c-olcott.html">Articles by and relating to H.S. Olcott</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theosophy-nw.org/theosnw/theos/wqj-selc.htm#olcott">Articles on Olcott</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090218110213/http://www.dailynews.lk/2009/02/17/fea03.asp">The great name in Buddhist History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thesmartset.com/article/article03121201.aspx">The Man from New Jersey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/7868">Works by Henry Steel Olcott</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%20Steel%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%20S%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Olcott%2C%20H%2E%20S%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Henry%20Steel%20Olcott%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Henry%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22H%2E%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Henry%20Olcott%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Henry%20Steel%20Olcott%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Henry%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22H%2E%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22H%2E%20Steel%20Olcott%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%20Steel%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%20S%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Olcott%2C%20H%2E%20S%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Olcott%2C%20H%2E%20Steel%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Henry%20Olcott%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Henry%20Steel%20Olcott%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Henry%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20title%3A%22H%2E%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Henry%20Olcott%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Henry%20Steel%20Olcott%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Henry%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20description%3A%22H%2E%20S%2E%20Olcott%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%20Steel%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%20S%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Henry%20Olcott%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Olcott%2C%20Henry%22%29%20OR%20%28%221832-1907%22%20AND%20Olcott%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Henry Steel Olcott</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/1723">Works by Henry Steel Olcott</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Theosophy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theosophical Society founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Quan_Judge" title="William Quan Judge">William Quan Judge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Steel Olcott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Bailey" title="Alice Bailey">Alice Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Besant" title="Annie Besant">Annie Besant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Webster_Leadbeater" title="Charles Webster Leadbeater">C.W. Leadbeater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_E._Powell" title="Arthur E. Powell">Arthur E. Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_de_Purucker" title="Gottfried de Purucker">Gottfried de Purucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Roerich" title="Helena Roerich">Helena Roerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Roerich" title="Nicholas Roerich">Nicholas Roerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Percy_Sinnett" title="Alfred Percy Sinnett">A. P. Sinnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini_Devi_Arundale" title="Rukmini Devi Arundale">Rukmini Devi Arundale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curuppumullage_Jinarajadasa" title="Curuppumullage Jinarajadasa">Jinarajadasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Evans-Wentz" title="Walter Evans-Wentz">Walter Evans-Wentz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertram_Keightley" title="Bertram Keightley">Bertram Keightley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Wachtmeister" title="Constance Wachtmeister">Constance Wachtmeister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">W. B. Yeats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiddu_Krishnamurti" title="Jiddu Krishnamurti">Jiddu Krishnamurti</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Theosophists" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Theosophists">More...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theosophical texts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Isis_Unveiled" title="Isis Unveiled">Isis Unveiled</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Key_to_Theosophy" title="The Key to Theosophy">The Key to Theosophy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mahatma_Letters_to_A.P._Sinnett" title="The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett">The Mahatma Letters to A.P. Sinnett</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Doctrine" title="The Secret Doctrine">The Secret Doctrine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Theosophical Glossary">Theosophical Glossary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_of_the_Silence" title="The Voice of the Silence">The Voice of the Silence</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Theosophical_texts" title="Category:Theosophical texts">More...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophical concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashic_records" title="Akashic records">Akashic records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astral_body" title="Astral body">Astral body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astral_plane" title="Astral plane">Astral plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astral_projection" title="Astral projection">Astral projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_body" title="Mental body">Mental body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Brotherhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Brotherhood">Universal Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Theosophical_philosophical_concepts" title="Category:Theosophical philosophical concepts">More...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blavatsky_Lodge" title="Blavatsky Lodge">Blavatsky Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_Adyar" title="Theosophical Society Adyar">Theosophical Society Adyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society_Pasadena" title="Theosophical Society Pasadena">Theosophical Society Pasadena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Lodge_of_Theosophists" title="United Lodge of Theosophists">United Lodge of Theosophists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Theosophy" title="Category:Theosophy">More...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucifer_(magazine)" title="Lucifer (magazine)">Lucifer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunrise (magazine)">Sunrise</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Theosophist" title="The Theosophist">The Theosophist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Theosophical_Movement" title="The Theosophical Movement">The Theosophical Movement</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Theosophy" title="Category:Theosophy">More...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In relation to ...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Theosophy" title="Buddhism and Theosophy">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Theosophy" title="Christianity and Theosophy">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Theosophy" title="Hinduism and Theosophy">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_literature" title="Theosophy and literature">literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_visual_arts" title="Theosophy and visual arts">visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy_and_Western_philosophy" title="Theosophy and Western philosophy">Western philosophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Yoga" title="Agni Yoga">Agni Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophy" title="Anthroposophy">Anthroposophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esotericism" class="mw-redirect" title="Esotericism">Esotericism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitreya_(Theosophy)" title="Maitreya (Theosophy)">Maitreya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Theosophy" title="Neo-Theosophy">Neo-Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_in_the_East" title="Order of the Star in the East">Order of the Star in the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plane_(cosmology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane (cosmology)">Plane (cosmology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_evolution" title="Spiritual evolution">Spiritual evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_mysticism" title="Theosophical mysticism">Theosophical mysticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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