CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-GB" class="no-js"><head><meta charSet="utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title data-rh="true">Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize</title><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android."/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#FFFFFF"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android."/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:site_name" content="BBC Bitesize"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:locale" content="en_GB"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:creator" content="@bbcbitesize"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:description" content="Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android."/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:image" content="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:site" content="@bbcbitesize"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:title" content="Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize"/><meta data-rh="true" type="metaTags" name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/website/assets/static/icons/windows-phone/bitesize/windows-phone-icon-270x270.462c1a345c8cb4163dff.png"/><meta data-rh="true" name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/><meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"/><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p"/><script data-rh="true" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","url":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BBC Bitesize","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/d72f/live/cb15dc10-14ce-11ee-816c-eb33efffe2a0.png"}},"datePublished":"2018-10-23T08:57:31.582Z","dateModified":"2024-09-02T14:46:12.274Z","description":"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.","headline":"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":480,"height":270,"url":"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BBC Bitesize","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/d72f/live/cb15dc10-14ce-11ee-816c-eb33efffe2a0.png"}}}</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp"> /** * https://gist.github.com/samthor/64b114e4a4f539915a95b91ffd340acc */ (function() { var check = document.createElement('script'); if (!('noModule' in check) && 'onbeforeload' in check) { var support = false; document.addEventListener('beforeload', function(e) { if (e.target === check) { support = true; } else if (!e.target.hasAttribute('nomodule') || !support) { return; } e.preventDefault(); }, true); check.type = 'module'; check.src = '.'; document.head.appendChild(check); check.remove(); } }()); </script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp">document.querySelector("html").classList.remove("no-js")</script><style data-emotion="ssrcss-global eohq3y">html,body,div,span,applet,object,iframe,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,a,abbr,acronym,address,big,cite,code,del,dfn,em,img,ins,kbd,q,s,samp,small,strike,strong,sub,sup,tt,var,b,u,i,center,dl,dt,dd,ol,ul,li,fieldset,form,label,legend,table,caption,tbody,tfoot,thead,tr,th,td,article,aside,canvas,details,embed,figure,figcaption,footer,header,hgroup,main,menu,nav,output,ruby,section,summary,time,mark,audio,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,menu,nav,section{display:block;}body{line-height:1;-webkit-text-size-adjust:none;-moz-text-size-adjust:none;-ms-text-size-adjust:none;text-size-adjust:none;}ol,ul{list-style:none;}blockquote,q{quotes:none;}blockquote::before,blockquote::after,q::before,q::after{content:'';content:none;}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;}button{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;margin:0;padding:0;background:none;border-radius:0;border:0;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Rg.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Rg.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_It.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_It.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Bd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Bd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:700;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_BdIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_BdIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Lt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Lt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:300;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_LtIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_LtIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_ExBd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_ExBd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:800;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_ExBdIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_ExBdIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:800;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Md.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_Md.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:500;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSans';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_MdIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSans_W_MdIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:500;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Rg.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Rg.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_It.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_It.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Bd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Bd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:700;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_BdIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_BdIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Lt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Lt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:300;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_LtIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_LtIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:800;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBdIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_ExBdIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:800;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Md.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_Md.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:500;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSerif';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_MdIt.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith/2.512/BBCReithSerif_W_MdIt.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:500;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithRounded';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithRd_W_Bd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithRd_W_Bd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:700;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithRounded';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithRd_W_ExBd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithRd_W_ExBd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:800;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSemiRounded';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithSmRd_W_Bd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithSmRd_W_Bd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:700;}@font-face{font-family:'ReithSemiRounded';src:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithSmRd_W_ExBd.woff2) format('woff2'),url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/fonts/reith-rounded/2.000/BBCReithSmRd_W_ExBd.woff) format('woff');font-display:swap;font-weight:800;}body{background-color:#FFFFFF;}:focus-visible{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;}</style><style data-emotion="ssrcss-global animation-w6tfot">@-webkit-keyframes animation-w6tfot{from{-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);-moz-transform:rotate(0deg);-ms-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg);}to{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);-moz-transform:rotate(360deg);-ms-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg);}}@keyframes animation-w6tfot{from{-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);-moz-transform:rotate(0deg);-ms-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg);}to{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);-moz-transform:rotate(360deg);-ms-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg);}}</style><style data-emotion="ssrcss-global jvpfja">html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}</style><style data-emotion="ssrcss 181c4hk-SectionWrapper 1imfos9-PageStack viqt7x-HeaderStack irv5dn-Zone fve7uw-GlobalNavigation 1euvvif-Wrap 2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent 1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper o7c2ms-BBCBlocks 1f39n02-VisuallyHidden 1hjcemq-AccessibilityLinkList 1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem j17vi8-AccountOptionsList khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount 5fw2ee-AccountComponentWrapper uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent n7m3zs-StyledLoadingPlaceholderWrapper h8wpjv-StyledAccountPlaceholderIconWrapper 1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon 1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper 82dxfl-Skeleton-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderText ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink 1xrtdyt-AccountIconWrapper xi5oyi-StyledIcon qgttmg-AccountText 19sye53-VerticalSeparator 1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En 18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct 1yfeg7m-NavigationLink 1rvz278-NavItemHoverState f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct c32wmt-NavItemHoverState hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState 8y8dal-NavItemHoverState 1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState 45jvgy-NavItemHoverState wtx82e-NavItemHoverState o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct 1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink 1loutj3-NavItemHoverState 13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper 7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem 1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger 1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem 1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper pz7t8-SearchText 91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer 2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu 1obp207-MenuWrapper 1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En 1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem pt9t4a-MenuLink 10zs8ef-MenuLink 1l2ctwi-MenuLink 1pho4im-MenuLink 1v9lxe0-MenuLink 1u9nz9a-MenuLink 11p9y6l-MenuLink 116dfr6-MenuLink l19037-MenuLink 7nqmpo-MenuLink ykhqnw-MenuLink 1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper 1cxgy00-CallToActionLink 1hfawy1-IconWrapper 1hgui5j-TextWrapper 125strc-ProductNavigationContainer oobg6y-Masthead 12x0ma7-ContentWrapper kpltdl-LogoWrapper 1vyfvn-LogoLink 19cmzaj-LogoIcon 1wzssl9-Navigation 1j9vurq-MainNavBarContainer qkzcfe-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer cb3grh-PrimaryListContainer 1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer 1gmyfek-StyledToggle 1m4972l-IconWrapper 141d9xq-MenuListContainer 1dxpp32-StyledMenuList or45ca-StyledMenuItem 1dblvlt-StyledLink 1qssgss-LinkTextContainer is8wz4-StyledLink 3ax7bz-ToggleContainer 1fuzwhv-MenuContainer-MoreMenuWrapper 6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer 15c6ksl-MenuListContainer 1sia920-ListTitle 71dizn-StyledMenuList g1n074-StyledMenuItem 113ra1d-StyledLink i9csl0-LinkTextContainer 11ir3qv-Container 1pf279h-HeaderWrapper xv1me1-ContentWrapper wdtf7t-Heading 14abiuv-MetadataWrapper zfej3t-ButtonGroup 17ehax8-Cluster m68fbm-ClusterItems 1uhdaf3-MobileFullWidthWrapper 5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel 9jw667-ButtonWrapper 1d90ebh-Button uf7g13-ContentsWrapper 1vf32ku-ButtonStyles 1w5g8is-IconWrapper fotzux-ButtonText unr8ru-ButtonStyles 151p9y1-StyledIcon-AnimatedCoreLoadingIcon 1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent 4pcgwu-ContentWrapper 1m6whh8-CloseButtonWrapper 1fpnh7r-Button 1a1fy59-IconWrapper 9etswz-PanelWrapper 177890g-StyledTitleArea rpm9cq-ImageWrapper 16qtiov-ContentStack fq0xf0-Zone-StandardZone 5t889z-PageWrapper 1vd2y3y-ContainerWithSidebarWrapper xifqb-SidebarWrapper rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper dxkw4d-SidebarNavigation 16hkbez-SidebarNavigationTop d3pbas-VisibleHeadingWrapper 1k20pxf-Heading j1tvkn-SidebarNavSectionWrapper 1fc0pzq-SidebarLink 10niaat-SidebarItemSpan 1ifczih-SidebarButton 1yvst2-SidebarButtonTextSpan 151vxk-ExpandIconContainer rd1365-SidebarLink o09sa2-ArticleGridWrapper 6fqtmn-Stack guw00x-SectionWrapper 1wsza7t-Row 1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper 1ykw0fe-TextWrapper 1w74xcy-InlineLink n0hjyx-SignpostLink 10m9zve-IconWrapper quwkth-ComponentWrapper dtyrnv-MediaPlayerWrapper aaorng-MediaContainer 199fzb3-MediaInner 1twt4cc-LogoIconWrapper 1hilbxj-ErrorMessage 1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer 1q0x1qg-Paragraph t5imwz-Caption 14r4yn0-Transcript gnpqll-Accordion 14xrj8w-Stack gtnys8-StyledAccordionHandle 1bn3i7g-Button 1hyyj5j-TitleAndAdditionalTextWrapper 6m6lw7-AccordionHandleTitle 1w60dg5-IconWrapper 1e389rh-AccordionDrawerWrapper 1wnvszv-FooterStack 1sz5jhc-StyledWrapper wl1ktf-StyledDivider 5pb5h2-LanguageSelectWrapper 1f3bvyz-Stack 1mg4r3s-StyledLabel 54r061-InputWrapper rhd3ht-StyledSelect 1kospcg-IconStack 5nqzc5-IconWrapper 18a2lvt-GlobalFooterStyling wjed5-Stack 1iurs7n-Columns 125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink y7krbn-Stack x3nlsb-ClusterItems 1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink 1dly6b7-Link">.ssrcss-181c4hk-SectionWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:100vh;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.ssrcss-1imfos9-PageStack{width:100%;height:100vh;display:grid;grid-template-rows:max-content auto max-content;grid-template-columns:100%;}.ssrcss-fve7uw-GlobalNavigation{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;box-shadow:0 0.0625rem 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15);position:relative;z-index:1;padding-top:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 auto;max-width:63rem;padding:0 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap{padding:0 1rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap{max-width:80rem;}}.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;}@media (max-width: 18.6875rem){.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent{width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;}.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent >div:first-of-type{width:100%;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent{margin:0 -0.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 25.625rem){.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent{margin:0;}}@media (max-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent{padding:0 0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:1;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;padding:0;margin-top:-0.25rem;width:100%;}.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{padding-right:0.5rem;margin-right:0.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink{padding-right:1rem;}}.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;height:2.0625rem;vertical-align:middle;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 25.625rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;width:auto;}}@media (max-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{padding:0 0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;max-width:7rem;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 25.625rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}.ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}.ssrcss-1hjcemq-AccessibilityLinkList{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:3.875rem;}.ssrcss-1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}.ssrcss-1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink:focus{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;position:relative;display:block;top:0;left:0;z-index:1;padding:1rem;background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #8A8C8E;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;margin:auto;width:-webkit-max-content;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink:focus{position:absolute;}}.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:100%;}}.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding-right:3rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{padding-right:0;}}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList >li{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;min-width:2.75rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;text-align:left;}.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount{width:11rem;}}.ssrcss-5fw2ee-AccountComponentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;min-width:inherit;width:inherit;}.ssrcss-uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent{height:100%;width:100%;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;text-align:left;display:inline-block;position:absolute;}html.no-js .ssrcss-uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent{display:none;}.ssrcss-n7m3zs-StyledLoadingPlaceholderWrapper{min-width:inherit;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:100%;}.ssrcss-h8wpjv-StyledAccountPlaceholderIconWrapper{display:inline-block;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;height:2rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-h8wpjv-StyledAccountPlaceholderIconWrapper{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon{background-color:#F6F6F6;overflow:hidden;border-radius:50%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:2rem;height:2rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper{display:none;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;height:100%;width:100%;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-82dxfl-Skeleton-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderText{background-color:#F6F6F6;overflow:hidden;width:100%;border-radius:5%;height:0.875rem;}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;pointer-events:none;opacity:0;box-sizing:border-box;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;min-width:1.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;margin-right:0.3125rem;}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0071F1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.625rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}html.no-js .ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{opacity:1;pointer-events:all;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{min-width:inherit;margin-right:0;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{min-width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{width:8.5rem;text-align:left;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink{width:11rem;}}.ssrcss-1xrtdyt-AccountIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:2rem;height:2rem;vertical-align:-0.6875rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1xrtdyt-AccountIconWrapper{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;vertical-align:-0.5625rem;}}.ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon{display:block;height:100%;width:100%;fill:currentcolor;}.ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-19sye53-VerticalSeparator{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19sye53-VerticalSeparator{display:block;border-left:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;height:1.5rem;margin-top:1rem;}}.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(8){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(1),.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(2),.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(3){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(4){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(5){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 45.5rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(6){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}@media (min-width: 48rem){.ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(7){display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}}.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct{min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;}.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;}.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct{min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#EB1212;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FFD230;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#AAFF00;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0068FF;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0052A1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#589E50;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;}.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct#more-menu-button{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;max-width:3rem;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end;}}.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;min-width:1.25rem;margin-top:-0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{min-width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{margin-top:0;min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media ( min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState{width:2rem;}}.ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.25rem;height:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper>svg{vertical-align:0.1875rem;}}.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-order:2;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;padding-left:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{padding-left:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;width:1.5rem;height:1.375rem;vertical-align:-0.5em;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;background:none;min-width:1.25rem;text-align:center;margin-top:-0.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{text-align:center;min-width:2.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#000000;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:3rem;width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink{background:#E6E8EA;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:1rem;padding:0.75rem 0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;min-width:11.25rem;}.ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{display:none;}}.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.625rem;height:1.625rem;vertical-align:middle;color:#000000;width:1.75rem;height:1.8125rem;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1.375rem;height:1.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:-0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-pz7t8-SearchText{padding-left:0.5rem;color:#000000;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media ( min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-pz7t8-SearchText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer{overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-property:max-height,height;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);transition-delay:0s,0s,0.4s;transition-duration:0.4s,0.4s,0s;transition-property:max-height,height,display;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-duration:0.2s,0.2s,0s;}}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer:focus{outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu{height:0;}.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{visibility:visible;display:block;height:auto;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:28rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:8.125rem;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}.ssrcss-1obp207-MenuWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En:focus{outline:none;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En>li{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-basis:50%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:50%;flex-basis:50%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En>li{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;}}@supports (display: grid){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{display:grid;grid-gap:0 0.5rem;gap:0 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(7.5rem, 1fr));}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En>li{min-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(1),.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(2),.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En li:nth-of-type(3){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li{padding-right:1.25rem;}.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(4){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 41.25rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(5){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 45.5rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(6){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 48rem){.ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En >li:nth-of-type(7){display:none;}}.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem{height:1.75rem;margin:0.25rem 0;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem{height:3.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem:focus>*::after,.ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#141414;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#EB1212;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FFD230;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#AAFF00;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0068FF;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0052A1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#589E50;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#482878;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#002856;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#149EDC;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#FA6400;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink{margin:0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper{margin-top:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:2px solid transparent;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 0.2s;transition:border-bottom 0.2s;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;-webkit-transition:text-decoration 0.2s;transition:text-decoration 0.2s;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active{cursor:pointer;background:#0051AD;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD;}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:2px solid currentcolor;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:hover .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus .esxl4sy2,.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:active .esxl4sy2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;}}.ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink:focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD,0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline-offset:calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1hfawy1-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.125rem;height:1.125rem;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}.ssrcss-125strc-ProductNavigationContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;position:relative;}.ssrcss-oobg6y-Masthead{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;background:#963CE1;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-12x0ma7-ContentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-kpltdl-LogoWrapper{margin:0.25rem 0;}.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:auto;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none),(-ms-high-contrast: active){.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{width:100%;}}.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{display:block;padding:calc(0.75rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.625rem;fill:currentcolor;max-width:10rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(0.875rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.75rem;max-width:15.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(1rem - 0.25rem) 0;max-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1wzssl9-Navigation{border-top:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;}}html.no-js .ssrcss-1j9vurq-MainNavBarContainer{border-bottom:0.25rem solid #FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-qkzcfe-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#E6E8EA;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-qkzcfe-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}}.ssrcss-cb3grh-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-cb3grh-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-cb3grh-PrimaryListContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;}.ssrcss-cb3grh-PrimaryListContainer .e14xdrat1 .eis6szr3:not(:last-of-type) .eis6szr2 .eis6szr1{border-right-style:solid;border-right-width:0.0625rem;border-right-color:#8A8C8E;}}.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer{position:absolute;right:0.5rem;top:0.25rem;background-color:transparent;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer{top:0.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591{border:0.0625rem solid;border-color:#8A8C8E;}.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover,.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:focus,.ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active{color:#141414;background-color:#E6E8EA;border-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-1gmyfek-StyledToggle{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;padding:0.5rem;cursor:pointer;color:#141414;background-color:#FFFFFF;border:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-1gmyfek-StyledToggle{background-color:#E6E8EA;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1gmyfek-StyledToggle{min-height:3.375rem;}}.ssrcss-1m4972l-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-right:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:block;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{margin-left:-0.5rem;margin-right:-0.5rem;padding:0.5rem 0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{background-color:transparent;display:block;padding:0;margin:0;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{overflow-x:scroll;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;-ms-overflow-style:-ms-autohiding-scrollbar;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none;}}}.ssrcss-1dxpp32-StyledMenuList{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1dxpp32-StyledMenuList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;left:-1rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-1dxpp32-StyledMenuList{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}}.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}}.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:3.375rem;}.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:-0.125rem;}.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink::after{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:0.25rem;height:100%;background-color:#963CE1;}.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:active::after{content:'';}.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:focus-visible::after{content:none;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink{padding-left:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink{width:auto;padding-left:0.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#141414;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink::after{background-color:#963CE1;width:100%;height:0.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink{padding-left:0;width:auto;color:#141414;}}.ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer{line-height:1.125rem;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer{padding:0 1rem;}}.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:3.375rem;}.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:-0.125rem;}.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink::after{content:none;position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:0.25rem;height:100%;background-color:#963CE1;}.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:active::after{content:'';}.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:focus-visible::after{content:none;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink{padding-left:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink{width:auto;padding-left:0.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink:focus{background-color:transparent;color:#141414;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink::after{background-color:#963CE1;width:100%;height:0.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink{padding-left:0;width:auto;color:#141414;}}.ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer{display:none;border-left:0.0625rem solid;border-left-color:#8A8C8E;background-color:transparent;}html.no-js .ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer{background-color:#E6E8EA;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-align-items:flex-center;-webkit-box-align:flex-center;-ms-flex-align:flex-center;align-items:flex-center;}}.ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:-0.125rem;}.ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover::after,.ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active::after{position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;content:'';height:0.25rem;background-color:#963CE1;}html.no-js .ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:hover::after,html.no-js .ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer .ekfn8591:active::after{background-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-1fuzwhv-MenuContainer-MoreMenuWrapper{background-color:#E6E8EA;color:#141414;}.ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer{margin:0;}}.ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer{display:block;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer{margin-left:-0.5rem;margin-right:-0.5rem;padding:0.5rem 0;}}.ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;display:block;padding:1rem 0 0.5rem 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle{padding-left:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle{padding:1rem 0.5rem 0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList{-webkit-column-count:3;column-count:3;-webkit-column-gap:1rem;column-gap:1rem;-webkit-column-rule:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;column-rule:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList{-webkit-column-count:4;column-count:4;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList{-webkit-column-count:6;column-count:6;}}.ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:3.375rem;}.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:-0.125rem;}.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink::after{content:none;position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:0.25rem;height:100%;background-color:#963CE1;}.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink:active::after{content:'';}.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink:focus-visible::after{content:none;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink{padding-left:1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink{width:auto;padding-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer{line-height:1.125rem;}.ssrcss-11ir3qv-Container{contain:none;background-color:#963CE1;}.ssrcss-1pf279h-HeaderWrapper{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1pf279h-HeaderWrapper{min-height:10.875rem;}}.ssrcss-xv1me1-ContentWrapper{padding:2rem 0;width:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-xv1me1-ContentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;max-width:66%;}}.ssrcss-wdtf7t-Heading{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;margin:0;color:#FFFFFF;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-wdtf7t-Heading{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.125;}}.ssrcss-wdtf7t-Heading:focus{outline-style:none;}.ssrcss-wdtf7t-Heading:focus-visible{outline-style:auto;}.ssrcss-14abiuv-MetadataWrapper{margin-top:1rem;line-height:1.5;font-size:1rem;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-14abiuv-MetadataWrapper a{color:#FFFFFF;font-weight:700;margin:0 0.5rem;text-underline-offset:0.4em;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}.ssrcss-14abiuv-MetadataWrapper a:hover,.ssrcss-14abiuv-MetadataWrapper a:focus{border-bottom-width:3px;text-decoration-thickness:3px;}.ssrcss-zfej3t-ButtonGroup{margin-top:1.5rem;}.ssrcss-17ehax8-Cluster{overflow:hidden;}@supports (gap: 1rem){.ssrcss-17ehax8-Cluster{overflow:initial;}}.ssrcss-m68fbm-ClusterItems{margin:calc(1rem / 2 * -1);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-m68fbm-ClusterItems >*{margin:calc(1rem / 2);}@supports (gap: 1rem){.ssrcss-m68fbm-ClusterItems{gap:1rem;margin:0;}.ssrcss-m68fbm-ClusterItems >*{margin:0;}}.ssrcss-1uhdaf3-MobileFullWidthWrapper{width:100%;}@media (min-width: 26.9375rem){.ssrcss-1uhdaf3-MobileFullWidthWrapper{width:auto;}}.ssrcss-5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel{display:block;}html.no-js .ssrcss-5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel{display:none;}.ssrcss-9jw667-ButtonWrapper{width:100%;}html.no-js .ssrcss-9jw667-ButtonWrapper{display:none;}.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:100%;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;border-color:#FFFFFF;color:#FFFFFF;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:disabled{opacity:0.2;cursor:auto;}.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:hover:enabled,.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:focus:enabled,.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:active:enabled{position:relative;z-index:1;cursor:pointer;background:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:focus:enabled{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #000000;outline:0.125rem solid #FFFFFF;outline-offset:0.125rem;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF,0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #000000;outline-offset:calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:hover:enabled,.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:focus:enabled,.ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button:active:enabled{border-color:transparent;}.ssrcss-uf7g13-ContentsWrapper{display:grid;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}.ssrcss-1vf32ku-ButtonStyles{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;grid-column:1;grid-row:1;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1vf32ku-ButtonStyles{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper{width:1.25rem;height:1em;padding-right:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText{width:auto;}.ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;grid-column:1;grid-row:1;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;visibility:hidden;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-151p9y1-StyledIcon-AnimatedCoreLoadingIcon{display:block;height:100%;width:100%;fill:currentcolor;-webkit-animation:animation-w6tfot 1s linear infinite;animation:animation-w6tfot 1s linear infinite;}.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#F6F6F6;color:#141414;border:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:absolute;top:calc(100% + 1.5rem);left:0;width:15rem;width:-webkit-max-content;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content;max-width:95vw;z-index:1000;}@supports (clip-path: inset(100%)){.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::after{background-color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::before{background-color:#8A8C8E;}}@media (forced-colors: active){@supports (clip-path: inset(100%)){.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::before{background-color:CanvasText;}}}@supports (max-width: min(95vw, 21rem)){.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent{max-width:min(95vw, 21rem);}}.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::before,.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::after{content:'';display:inline-block;position:absolute;-webkit-clip-path:polygon(0 100%, 50% 0, 100% 100%);clip-path:polygon(0 100%, 50% 0, 100% 100%);width:1rem;height:0.75rem;left:1rem;}.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::after{top:calc(-0.75rem + 0.0625rem);}.ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent::before{top:calc(-0.75rem - 0.0625rem);}.ssrcss-1m6whh8-CloseButtonWrapper{float:right;margin-left:0.75rem;}.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button:disabled{opacity:0.2;cursor:auto;}.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button:hover:enabled,.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button:focus:enabled,.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button:active:enabled{position:relative;z-index:1;cursor:pointer;background:#8214E1;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button:focus:enabled{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;}.ssrcss-1a1fy59-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1em;height:1em;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:-0.125em;}.ssrcss-9etswz-PanelWrapper{padding:0.75rem;display:block;}.ssrcss-177890g-StyledTitleArea{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;padding-bottom:1rem;white-space:pre-line;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-177890g-StyledTitleArea{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-rpm9cq-ImageWrapper{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-rpm9cq-ImageWrapper{width:33%;display:block;margin:0 0;background-image:url(https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/website/assets/static/bitesize/core-sparks.ef955ae0fcfb0355f22a.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;-webkit-background-position:right center;background-position:right center;}}.ssrcss-fq0xf0-Zone-StandardZone{height:100%;margin:0 auto;}.ssrcss-5t889z-PageWrapper{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;color:#141414;margin-top:0;}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-5t889z-PageWrapper{margin-top:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-1vd2y3y-ContainerWithSidebarWrapper{display:grid;grid-gap:1rem;grid-template-columns:18.75rem minmax(0, 1fr);}}.ssrcss-xifqb-SidebarWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-unset;display:-ms-unsetbox;display:unset;}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-xifqb-SidebarWrapper{display:block;padding-bottom:4rem;}.ssrcss-xifqb-SidebarWrapper nav{margin-bottom:1rem;}.ssrcss-xifqb-SidebarWrapper nav:not(:last-of-type){padding-bottom:1.5rem;border-bottom:2px solid #F6F6F6;}}.ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-unset;display:-ms-unsetbox;display:unset;}.ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper h2{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper h2{font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.1428571428571428;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper{display:block;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:1rem;}.ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper h2{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper h2{font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.1428571428571428;}}}.ssrcss-dxkw4d-SidebarNavigation{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;padding:0 0.25rem;}.ssrcss-16hkbez-SidebarNavigationTop{scroll-margin:1rem;}.ssrcss-d3pbas-VisibleHeadingWrapper{padding-left:1.25rem;margin:1rem auto;}.ssrcss-1k20pxf-Heading{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;margin:0;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1k20pxf-Heading{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}}.ssrcss-1k20pxf-Heading:focus{outline-style:none;}.ssrcss-1k20pxf-Heading:focus-visible{outline-style:auto;}.ssrcss-j1tvkn-SidebarNavSectionWrapper{border-left:solid 2px #E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:-3px;padding-left:calc(1.25rem + (1rem * 0));padding-right:0.5rem;-webkit-background-clip:padding-box;background-clip:padding-box;border-left:solid 3px transparent;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[aria-current='page']{color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:link,.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited{border-bottom:1px solid #8A8C8E;color:#141414;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:link,.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline #8A8C8E;text-decoration:underline #8A8C8E;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.25em;}}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:link:hover,.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited:hover,.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:link:focus,.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited:focus{text-decoration-color:#8214E1;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:link:hover[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited:hover[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:link:focus[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited:focus[aria-current='page']{color:#963CE1;text-decoration-color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:visited{color:#545658;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:focus,.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:hover:not(span){background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:hover:not(span){cursor:pointer;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink:focus:not(:focus-visible):not(:hover){background:none;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[aria-expanded='true'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true']:not([role='button']){color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[aria-expanded='true'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='false']:not([role='button']){font-weight:700;}.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][aria-expanded='false'],.ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='true']{border-left-width:4px;border-left-color:#963CE1;padding-left:calc(1.25rem - 1px + (1rem * 0));text-decoration-color:currentcolor;}.ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;min-height:2.75rem;padding-top:0.5rem;padding-bottom:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton{width:calc(100% + 3px);font:inherit;text-align:inherit;color:#141414;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:-3px;padding-left:calc(1.25rem + (1rem * 0));padding-right:0.5rem;-webkit-background-clip:padding-box;background-clip:padding-box;border-left:solid 3px transparent;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:link,.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:visited{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-link='true']{border-bottom:1px solid #8A8C8E;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-link='true']{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline #8A8C8E;text-decoration:underline #8A8C8E;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.25em;}}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-link='true']:hover,.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-link='true']:focus{text-decoration-color:#8214E1;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='true']{color:#963CE1;text-decoration-color:#963CE1;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:visited{color:#545658;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:focus,.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:hover:not(span){background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:hover:not(span){cursor:pointer;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton:focus:not(:focus-visible):not(:hover){background:none;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[aria-expanded='true'],.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-current-page-link='true']:not([role='button']){color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[aria-expanded='true'],.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='false']:not([role='button']){font-weight:700;}.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][aria-expanded='false'],.ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='true']{border-left-width:4px;border-left-color:#963CE1;padding-left:calc(1.25rem - 1px + (1rem * 0));text-decoration-color:currentcolor;}.ssrcss-1yvst2-SidebarButtonTextSpan{-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;}.ssrcss-151vxk-ExpandIconContainer{display:inline-block;-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;width:1rem;vertical-align:-0.125em;}.ssrcss-151vxk-ExpandIconContainer[hidden]{display:none;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:-3px;padding-left:calc(1.25rem + (1rem * 1));padding-right:0.5rem;-webkit-background-clip:padding-box;background-clip:padding-box;border-left:solid 3px transparent;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[aria-current='page']{color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:link,.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited{border-bottom:1px solid #8A8C8E;color:#141414;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:link,.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline #8A8C8E;text-decoration:underline #8A8C8E;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.25em;}}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:link:hover,.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited:hover,.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:link:focus,.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited:focus{text-decoration-color:#8214E1;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:link:hover[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited:hover[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:link:focus[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited:focus[aria-current='page']{color:#963CE1;text-decoration-color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:visited{color:#545658;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:focus,.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:hover:not(span){background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:hover:not(span){cursor:pointer;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink:focus:not(:focus-visible):not(:hover){background:none;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[aria-expanded='true'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true']:not([role='button']){color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[aria-expanded='true'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='false']:not([role='button']){font-weight:700;}.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[aria-current='page'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][aria-expanded='false'],.ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink[data-contains-current-page-link='true'][data-contains-link='true']{border-left-width:4px;border-left-color:#963CE1;padding-left:calc(1.25rem - 1px + (1rem * 1));text-decoration-color:currentcolor;}.ssrcss-o09sa2-ArticleGridWrapper{margin-top:2rem;padding-bottom:4rem;}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-o09sa2-ArticleGridWrapper{margin-top:0;}.ssrcss-o09sa2-ArticleGridWrapper a[href='#main-content']{display:none;}}.ssrcss-6fqtmn-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:2rem;}.ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper{display:flow-root;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #8A8C8E;padding:1rem 2rem 2rem;}.ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper[data-stack-active='true']{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 4px #8214E1;}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #8A8C8E;padding:1rem 2rem 2rem;}.ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper[data-stack-active='true']{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 4px #8214E1;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row[data-layout='column']{display:grid;gap:1rem;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}.ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row[data-layout='float-image'] >div:nth-child(1){display:none;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row[data-layout='float-image']{display:flow-root;margin-bottom:1rem;}.ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row[data-layout='float-image'] >div:nth-child(1){display:block;float:right;width:calc(50% - 0.5rem);margin-left:1rem;margin-bottom:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row[data-layout='float-image'] >div:nth-child(3){display:none;}}.ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper{max-width:36.25rem;}.ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper h2{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;padding:3.75rem 0 0.5rem 0;position:relative;top:-2.5rem;margin-bottom:-2.5rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper h2{font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.1428571428571428;}}.ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper h3{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;padding-top:1rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper h3{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;}}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper{padding-top:0.5rem;padding-bottom:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h1,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h2,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h3,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h4,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h5,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h6,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper p,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ul,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ol,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper li,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper figure,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper blockquote{overflow-wrap:break-word;max-width:36.25rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper mjx-container mjx-math{white-space:normal;line-height:0.5625rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper mjx-assistive-mml{right:0px;bottom:0px;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper .MJX-TEX:has(mjx-mtable){display:block;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;max-width:36.25rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h1,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h2,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h3,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h4,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h5,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h6{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;color:#141414;margin:0;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h1{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h1{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.125;}}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h2{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h2{font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.1428571428571428;}}[data-layout='single'] .ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h2{clear:both;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h3{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h3{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;}}[data-layout='single'] .ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h3{clear:both;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h4{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h4{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h5{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.2857142857142858;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper h6{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper em{font-style:italic;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper strong{font-weight:bolder;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper sub{vertical-align:sub;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper sup{vertical-align:super;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper sub,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper sup{line-height:normal;font-size:smaller;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ul,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ol{margin-left:0;padding-left:1rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ul li,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ol li{margin-bottom:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ul p,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ol p{margin-bottom:1rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ul{list-style-type:circle;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper>ul{list-style-type:disc;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper ol{list-style-type:decimal;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper .indent{display:inline-block;padding-left:2rem;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper span.foreigntext{font-style:italic;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper mark{color:#8214E1;background:transparent;font-weight:bolder;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper mark em{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper pre{max-width:36.25rem;white-space:pre-wrap;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper pre code{display:block;line-height:1.375rem;overflow-x:auto;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper p code{word-break:break-all;}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper q{quotes:'“' '”';}.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper q::before,.ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper q::after{content:revert;}.ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink:link{color:#141414;}.ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink:visited{color:#545658;}.ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink:any-link{font-weight:700;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#8A8C8E;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.25em;}.ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink:any-link:hover,.ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink:any-link:focus{text-decoration-color:currentcolor;text-decoration-thickness:2px;color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;min-height:1.5rem;-webkit-align-content:center;-ms-flex-line-pack:center;align-content:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:#141414;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;}.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink .ehuptrk2{border-bottom:2px solid transparent;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 0.2s;transition:border-bottom 0.2s;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink .ehuptrk2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.25em;-webkit-transition:text-decoration 0.2s;transition:text-decoration 0.2s;}}.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:hover,.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:focus,.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:active{color:#8214E1;}.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:hover .ehuptrk2,.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:focus .ehuptrk2,.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:active .ehuptrk2{border-bottom-width:2px;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:hover .ehuptrk2,.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:focus .ehuptrk2,.ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink:active .ehuptrk2{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration:underline currentcolor;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}}.ssrcss-10m9zve-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.125em;width:1em;height:1em;padding-right:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-quwkth-ComponentWrapper{clear:both;margin:1.5rem auto;background-color:#F6F6F6;color:#545658;}.ssrcss-aaorng-MediaContainer{padding-bottom:56.25%;position:relative;width:100%;color:#141414;background-color:#F6F6F6;}html.no-js .ssrcss-aaorng-MediaContainer{display:none;}.ssrcss-199fzb3-MediaInner{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;}.ssrcss-1twt4cc-LogoIconWrapper{width:30%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;color:#141414;opacity:0.2;}.ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;color:#141414;background-color:#F6F6F6;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage::before{content:'';width:1px;margin-left:-1px;float:left;height:0;padding-top:56.25%;}.ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage::after{content:'';display:table;clear:both;}@media (max-width: 37.4375rem){.ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage::before{content:'';width:1px;margin-left:-1px;float:left;height:0;padding-top:0%;}.ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage::after{content:'';display:table;clear:both;}}.ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;width:100%;padding:1.5rem 0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer >*{overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer{padding:1.5rem 1rem;}}.ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1rem;}.ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph{margin:0;}.ssrcss-t5imwz-Caption{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.125rem;padding:0.75rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid;margin:0 0.75rem;}.ssrcss-14r4yn0-Transcript{padding:0.75rem;}.ssrcss-14r4yn0-Transcript .text-block{padding:0.75rem;}.ssrcss-14r4yn0-Transcript button{font-size:1.125rem;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;}.ssrcss-gnpqll-Accordion{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;color:#141414;}.ssrcss-14xrj8w-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:0;}.ssrcss-gtnys8-StyledAccordionHandle{font-weight:700;min-height:2.75rem;list-style:none;}.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:100%;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button:disabled{opacity:0.2;cursor:auto;}.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button:hover:enabled,.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button:focus:enabled,.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button:active:enabled{position:relative;z-index:1;cursor:pointer;background:#8214E1;color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button:focus:enabled{box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #FFFFFF;outline:0.125rem solid #000000;outline-offset:0.125rem;}.ssrcss-1hyyj5j-TitleAndAdditionalTextWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;-webkit-column-gap:0.5rem;column-gap:0.5rem;width:100%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1hyyj5j-TitleAndAdditionalTextWrapper{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}}.ssrcss-6m6lw7-AccordionHandleTitle{text-align:start;}html.no-js .ssrcss-6m6lw7-AccordionHandleTitle[data-js-text]{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-6m6lw7-AccordionHandleTitle[data-no-js-text]{display:inline;}.ssrcss-1w60dg5-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;width:1em;-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}[aria-expanded='true'] .ssrcss-1w60dg5-IconWrapper{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-moz-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}html.no-js .ssrcss-1e389rh-AccordionDrawerWrapper{display:block;}.ssrcss-1e389rh-AccordionDrawerWrapper >*{padding-top:1rem;}.ssrcss-1sz5jhc-StyledWrapper{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1sz5jhc-StyledWrapper{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}html.no-js .ssrcss-1sz5jhc-StyledWrapper{display:none;}.ssrcss-wl1ktf-StyledDivider{border-top:solid 1px #8A8C8E;}.ssrcss-5pb5h2-LanguageSelectWrapper{max-width:20.3125rem;padding:1rem 0 2rem 0;}@media (max-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-5pb5h2-LanguageSelectWrapper{padding:1rem 0 1rem 0;}}.ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1mg4r3s-StyledLabel{color:#141414;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1mg4r3s-StyledLabel{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-54r061-InputWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}.ssrcss-rhd3ht-StyledSelect{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;text-align:left;padding:0.5rem;margin-right:-2rem;display:block;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;outline:none;background:transparent;color:#141414;border-radius:0;border:solid 0.0625rem #141414;height:2.75rem;width:100%;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;padding-right:1.875rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-rhd3ht-StyledSelect{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-rhd3ht-StyledSelect option{background-color:#FFFFFF;}.ssrcss-rhd3ht-StyledSelect::-ms-expand{display:none;}.ssrcss-rhd3ht-StyledSelect:focus{outline:none;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #141414,0 0 0 0.3125rem #963CE1;}.ssrcss-1kospcg-IconStack{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding:0.5rem;pointer-events:none;}.ssrcss-5nqzc5-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:0.875rem;height:0.875rem;color:#141414;}.ssrcss-18a2lvt-GlobalFooterStyling{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;padding:1rem 0;background:#141414;border-top:1px solid #8A8C8E;color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-wjed5-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){border-top:1px solid #8A8C8E;padding-top:1rem;margin-top:1rem;}.ssrcss-1iurs7n-Columns{-webkit-columns:5.625rem;columns:5.625rem;-webkit-column-rule:1px solid #8A8C8E;column-rule:1px solid #8A8C8E;-webkit-column-gap:1.5rem;column-gap:1.5rem;gap:1.5rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1iurs7n-Columns{-webkit-column-gap:2.5rem;column-gap:2.5rem;gap:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1iurs7n-Columns{-webkit-columns:8rem;columns:8rem;}}.ssrcss-1iurs7n-Columns>li{break-inside:avoid-column;}.ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink{display:block;padding:0.75rem 0;}.ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink:any-link{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink:any-link:hover,.ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink:any-link:focus,.ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink:any-link:active{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack >*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden)~*:not([hidden]):not(style):not(.visually-hidden){margin-top:1.5rem;}.ssrcss-x3nlsb-ClusterItems{padding:0;list-style:none;margin:calc(1.5rem / 2 * -1);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-x3nlsb-ClusterItems >*{margin:calc(1.5rem / 2);}@supports (gap: 1rem){.ssrcss-x3nlsb-ClusterItems{gap:1.5rem;margin:0;}.ssrcss-x3nlsb-ClusterItems >*{margin:0;}}.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink{display:block;margin:-0.75rem -0.5rem;padding:0.75rem 0.5rem;}.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink:any-link{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink:any-link:hover,.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink:any-link:focus,.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink:any-link:active{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 calc(0.125rem + 0.125rem) #000000;outline:0.125rem solid #FFFFFF;outline-offset:-0.125rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink{margin:-0.75rem;padding:0.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1dly6b7-Link:any-link{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' on;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:#F6F6F6;}.ssrcss-1dly6b7-Link:any-link:hover,.ssrcss-1dly6b7-Link:any-link:focus,.ssrcss-1dly6b7-Link:any-link:active{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}</style></head><body><div id="root"><div class="ssrcss-181c4hk-SectionWrapper eustbbg0"><div class="ssrcss-1imfos9-PageStack e1k195vp5"><div class="ssrcss-viqt7x-HeaderStack e1k195vp3"><div class="ssrcss-irv5dn-Zone e1k195vp1"><header id="header-content" data-testid="header-content"><nav aria-label="BBC" class="ssrcss-fve7uw-GlobalNavigation e4np8gz0"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div id="global-navigation" class="ssrcss-2u16sf-GlobalNavigationContent eki2hvo23"><div class="ssrcss-1qjbknt-GlobalNavigationItem eki2hvo21"><a href="https://www.bbc.com" class="ssrcss-i66k04-NavigationLink-LogoLink eki2hvo11"><span class="ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper eki2hvo6"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 112 32" width="112" height="32" fill="currentColor" class="ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks e1q7xi3k0"><path d="M111.99999,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,32.0000444 L79.9999905,32.0000444 L79.9999905,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,4.44444577e-05 Z M72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,32 L40.0000119,32 L40.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 Z M32,-3.55271368e-15 L32,32 L-1.13686838e-13,32 L-1.13686838e-13,-3.55271368e-15 L32,-3.55271368e-15 Z M97.469329,6.80826869 C96.0294397,6.80826869 94.7294393,7.02226876 93.5693278,7.44982444 C92.4089942,7.87782457 91.4137717,8.49471364 90.5841047,9.30049166 C89.7538823,10.1067141 89.1188821,11.07327 88.6785486,12.199937 C88.2378818,13.3269373 88.0177706,14.5896043 88.0177706,15.9876048 C88.0177706,17.4188274 88.2296596,18.7062722 88.6531042,19.8493837 C89.0763265,20.9929396 89.6861045,21.9591621 90.482438,22.748829 C91.2784383,23.5383848 92.2522163,24.1430516 93.4042167,24.5624962 C94.5558837,24.9819408 95.8516619,25.1917186 97.2914401,25.1917186 C98.3752182,25.1917186 99.4086629,25.072163 100.391219,24.8338296 C101.37333,24.5956073 102.237108,24.2706072 102.982664,23.8592738 L102.982664,23.8592738 L102.982664,20.4292727 C101.40733,21.4001619 99.6881074,21.8851621 97.8251069,21.8851621 C96.6054399,21.8851621 95.567884,21.6549398 94.7126615,21.194273 C93.8572168,20.7338284 93.2049944,20.0633837 92.7564387,19.1831613 C92.3073275,18.3032721 92.0831052,17.2380496 92.0831052,15.9876048 C92.0831052,14.7377155 92.3156608,13.6766041 92.7816609,12.8044927 C93.2474389,11.9327147 93.916328,11.2664922 94.7888838,10.8058254 C95.6609951,10.3453809 96.715551,10.1148252 97.9521069,10.1148252 C98.8496628,10.1148252 99.7052186,10.2342697 100.518108,10.4726031 C101.331219,10.7112699 102.084664,11.0609366 102.779442,11.5212701 L102.779442,11.5212701 L102.779442,8.01738016 C102.017219,7.62260227 101.191441,7.32260218 100.302219,7.11671323 C99.4129963,6.91126872 98.4685515,6.80826869 97.469329,6.80826869 Z M55.7552388,7.00000208 L49.0000146,7.00000208 L49.0000146,25.0000021 L56.1713501,25.0000021 C57.590906,25.0000021 58.8063508,24.7903407 59.8181289,24.3706739 C60.8297959,23.9513405 61.6087961,23.3553403 62.1555741,22.5832289 C62.7020187,21.8114509 62.9754632,20.8882284 62.9754632,19.8140059 C62.9754632,18.7232278 62.6941298,17.7960053 62.1312407,17.0321162 C61.5681294,16.2686715 60.7563514,15.7104491 59.6957955,15.3580046 C60.4625736,14.9891156 61.0420182,14.4894488 61.4335738,13.8601152 C61.8252406,13.2307817 62.0210185,12.4881148 62.0210185,11.6321146 C62.0210185,10.1385586 61.4742405,8.99311379 60.3812402,8.19578022 C59.2877954,7.39889109 57.745795,7.00000208 55.7552388,7.00000208 L55.7552388,7.00000208 Z M15.7552269,7.00000208 L9.00000268,7.00000208 L9.00000268,25.0000021 L16.1713381,25.0000021 C17.5908941,25.0000021 18.8062278,24.7903407 19.8182281,24.3706739 C20.8296729,23.9513405 21.6087842,23.3553403 22.1555621,22.5832289 C22.7021179,21.8114509 22.9755624,20.8882284 22.9755624,19.8140059 C22.9755624,18.7232278 22.6941179,17.7960053 22.1311177,17.0321162 C21.5682286,16.2686715 20.7563395,15.7104491 19.6957836,15.3580046 C20.4625616,14.9891156 21.0418952,14.4894488 21.4335619,13.8601152 C21.8252287,13.2307817 22.0210066,12.4881148 22.0210066,11.6321146 C22.0210066,10.1385586 21.4741175,8.99311379 20.3811172,8.19578022 C19.2877835,7.39889109 17.7457831,7.00000208 15.7552269,7.00000208 L15.7552269,7.00000208 Z M55.8775833,17.2209385 C58.1128062,17.2209385 59.2308065,18.0434943 59.2308065,19.6881614 C59.2308065,20.4602728 58.9369175,21.0518285 58.3496951,21.4629397 C57.7622505,21.8743843 56.9216947,22.0797177 55.8286944,22.0797177 L55.8286944,22.0797177 L52.6469157,22.0797177 L52.6469157,17.2209385 Z M15.8775714,17.2209385 C18.1129054,17.2209385 19.2307946,18.0434943 19.2307946,19.6881614 C19.2307946,20.4602728 18.9370167,21.0518285 18.3496832,21.4629397 C17.7622386,21.8743843 16.9216828,22.0797177 15.8286825,22.0797177 L15.8286825,22.0797177 L12.6469038,22.0797177 L12.6469038,17.2209385 Z M55.412572,9.92028073 C57.3541282,9.92028073 58.3252396,10.6338365 58.3252396,12.0600591 C58.3252396,12.7988371 58.0763506,13.373504 57.5786838,13.7846152 C57.0807948,14.1960598 56.3587946,14.4013932 55.412572,14.4013932 L55.412572,14.4013932 L52.6469046,14.4013932 L52.6469046,9.92028073 Z M15.4125601,9.92028073 C17.3541163,9.92028073 18.3252277,10.6338365 18.3252277,12.0600591 C18.3252277,12.7988371 18.0762276,13.373504 17.5786719,13.7846152 C17.0807829,14.1960598 16.3587826,14.4013932 15.4125601,14.4013932 L15.4125601,14.4013932 L12.6468927,14.4013932 L12.6468927,9.92028073 Z"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">BBC Homepage</span></span></a></div><ul role="list" id="accessibility-links" class="ssrcss-1hjcemq-AccessibilityLinkList e1d16uym1"><li><a href="#main-heading" class="ssrcss-1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink e1d16uym0">Skip to content</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/" class="ssrcss-1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink e1d16uym0">Accessibility Help</a></li></ul><div class="ssrcss-sk8r9t-GlobalNavigationItem eki2hvo21"><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList eki2hvo0"><li class="ssrcss-khi21n-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationNonProductItem-GlobalNavigationAccount eki2hvo17"><span class="ssrcss-5fw2ee-AccountComponentWrapper eki2hvo9"><div id="account-placeholder" class="ssrcss-uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent elvs26v5"><div class="ssrcss-n7m3zs-StyledLoadingPlaceholderWrapper elvs26v0"><span class="ssrcss-h8wpjv-StyledAccountPlaceholderIconWrapper elvs26v4"><div data-testid="skeleton-wrapper" class="elvs26v3 ssrcss-1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon en1pbmi0"></div></span><span class="ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper elvs26v2"><div data-testid="skeleton-wrapper" class="elvs26v1 ssrcss-82dxfl-Skeleton-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderText en1pbmi0"></div></span></div></div><a href="https://account.bbc.com/account?lang=en-GB&ptrt=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p" hidden="" aria-hidden="true" class="ssrcss-ancd6v-NavigationLink-AccountLink eki2hvo10"><span class="ssrcss-1xrtdyt-AccountIconWrapper e1jj8uav4"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M16 17.5a7.88 7.88 0 0 1-8-7.75A7.88 7.88 0 0 1 16 2a7.88 7.88 0 0 1 8 7.75 7.88 7.88 0 0 1-8 7.75M2 30c0-5.883 7.519-10 14.014-10C22.48 20 30 24.12 30 29.994c0 .005-28 .007-28 .005"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText e1jj8uav2">Your account</span></a></span></li></ul><div class="ssrcss-19sye53-VerticalSeparator eki2hvo7"></div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1blxct3-NavigationBarLinkList-En e1b8fg8n0"><li class="ssrcss-18tl6fu-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">Home</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-c32wmt-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">News</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/sport" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-hv3vcc-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">Sport</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/earth" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-8y8dal-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">Earth</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/reel" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-1xo2gyv-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">Reel</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/worklife" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-45jvgy-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">Worklife</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-f4w0g1-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/travel" class="ssrcss-1yfeg7m-NavigationLink eki2hvo14"><span class="ssrcss-wtx82e-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16">Travel</span></a></li><li id="more-menu-button" class="ssrcss-o07jwc-GlobalNavigationProduct eki2hvo20"><a href="#global-navigation-more-menu" class="ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink eki2hvo1"><span class="ssrcss-1loutj3-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16"><span class="ssrcss-13dpa8i-DotsMenuIconWrapper eki2hvo2"><svg width="20" height="4" viewBox="0 0 20 4" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor"><g transform="translate(-14.000000, -22.000000)"><path d="M18,22 L18,26 L14,26 L14,22 L18,22 Z M34,22 L34,26 L30,26 L30,22 L34,22 Z M26,22 L26,26 L22,26 L22,22 L26,22 Z"></path></g></svg><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">More menu</span></span></span></a></li></ul></div><div class="ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem eki2hvo22"><div class="ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger eki2hvo18"><a href="#global-navigation-more-menu" class="ssrcss-1qxzppn-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink eki2hvo1"><span class="ssrcss-1rvz278-NavItemHoverState eki2hvo16"><span class="ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper eki2hvo3"><svg width="1.5em" height="1.375em" viewBox="0 0 24 22" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor"><path d="M24,18 L24,22 L0,22 L0,18 L24,18 Z M24,9 L24,13 L0,13 L0,9 L24,9 Z M24,0 L24,4 L0,4 L0,0 L24,0 Z"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">More menu</span></span></span></a></div><div role="search" aria-label="Search Bitesize" class="ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem eki2hvo21"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/search?d=BITESIZE" class="ssrcss-1bujrf4-NavigationLink-SearchLink eki2hvo13"><span class="ssrcss-mwl823-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper eki2hvo4"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m30.6 28.1-8.3-8.3c1.5-2 2.4-4.4 2.4-7.2C24.7 6 19.6 1 13 1S1.4 6.1 1.4 12.7 6.5 24.3 13 24.3c2.3 0 4.4-.6 6.2-1.8l8.5 8.5zM4 12.6c0-5.2 3.9-9.1 9-9.1s9 3.9 9 9.1-3.9 9.1-9 9.1-9-3.9-9-9.1"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-pz7t8-SearchText eki2hvo12">Search Bitesize</span></a></div></div></div></div><div tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer e6xn3ao0"><div id="global-navigation-more-menu" rows="7" class="ssrcss-2hb8z7-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu e2z809s4"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div class="ssrcss-1obp207-MenuWrapper e2z809s1"><ul tabindex="-1" role="list" class="ssrcss-1pnyklo-MenuLinkList-En e1mk2b5i0"><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com" class="ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink e2z809s2">Home</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news" class="ssrcss-10zs8ef-MenuLink e2z809s2">News</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/sport" class="ssrcss-1l2ctwi-MenuLink e2z809s2">Sport</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/earth" class="ssrcss-1pho4im-MenuLink e2z809s2">Earth</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/reel" class="ssrcss-1v9lxe0-MenuLink e2z809s2">Reel</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/worklife" class="ssrcss-1u9nz9a-MenuLink e2z809s2">Worklife</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/travel" class="ssrcss-11p9y6l-MenuLink e2z809s2">Travel</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/culture" class="ssrcss-116dfr6-MenuLink e2z809s2">Culture</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/future" class="ssrcss-l19037-MenuLink e2z809s2">Future</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/culture/music" class="ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink e2z809s2">Music</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/p00fzl9m" class="ssrcss-pt9t4a-MenuLink e2z809s2">TV</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/weather" class="ssrcss-7nqmpo-MenuLink e2z809s2">Weather</a></li><li class="ssrcss-1smaim7-MenuLinkListItem e2z809s3"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds" class="ssrcss-ykhqnw-MenuLink e2z809s2">Sounds</a></li></ul><div class="ssrcss-1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper e2z809s0"><a href="#more-menu-button" class="ssrcss-1cxgy00-CallToActionLink esxl4sy1"><span data-testid="actions:close" class="ssrcss-1hfawy1-IconWrapper esxl4sy0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m30 4.6-2.8-2.8L2 27.4l2.8 2.8zM4.8 1.8 1.9 4.7l25.2 25.5 2.9-2.9z"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0"><span class="ssrcss-1hgui5j-TextWrapper esxl4sy2">Close menu</span></span></span></a></div></div></div></div></div></nav><div class="ssrcss-125strc-ProductNavigationContainer e19b3odl1"><div data-testid="masthead" class="ssrcss-oobg6y-Masthead esbu9dd2"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div class="ssrcss-12x0ma7-ContentWrapper esbu9dd0"><div class="ssrcss-kpltdl-LogoWrapper esbu9dd5"><a href="/bitesize" class="ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink esbu9dd4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="100 100 650 120" class="ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon esbu9dd7" role="presentation" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMid meet" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M191.19 181.972c0 6.344-1.661 11.797-4.981 16.354-3.322 4.56-8.053 8.079-14.198 10.555-6.147 2.479-13.529 3.717-22.152 3.717H106.3V106.3h41.033c12.091 0 21.457 2.355 28.098 7.061 6.639 4.709 9.961 11.473 9.961 20.294 0 5.055-1.189 9.439-3.568 13.157-2.379 3.716-5.898 6.666-10.556 8.844 6.442 2.083 11.373 5.378 14.793 9.887 3.419 4.513 5.129 9.988 5.129 16.429zm-62.738-31.963h16.799c5.747 0 10.133-1.212 13.157-3.642 3.022-2.428 4.535-5.822 4.535-10.184 0-8.423-5.898-12.636-17.692-12.636h-16.799v26.462zm0 45.343h19.327c6.639 0 11.745-1.211 15.313-3.642 3.568-2.427 5.352-5.92 5.352-10.481 0-9.713-6.79-14.569-20.368-14.569h-19.624v28.692zM203.231 106.3h22.895v106.298h-22.895V106.3zM239.061 106.3h89.796v19.921h-33.45v86.377h-22.895v-86.377h-33.451V106.3zM340.303 106.3h73.146v19.029h-50.251v23.044h44.601v19.029h-44.601v26.167h53.075v19.03h-75.971V106.3zM463.366 214.828a78.372 78.372 0 0 1-17.32-1.933c-5.701-1.287-11.176-3.32-16.428-6.095v-20.517c10.604 6.445 21.854 9.663 33.748 9.663 6.739 0 11.868-1.138 15.387-3.419 3.517-2.279 5.278-5.45 5.278-9.515 0-3.07-.868-5.476-2.602-7.21-1.735-1.733-4.04-3.122-6.913-4.164-2.876-1.04-6.095-2.007-9.663-2.898-5.849-1.386-11.002-2.974-15.462-4.757-4.46-1.783-8.228-3.888-11.299-6.319-3.073-2.427-5.403-5.351-6.987-8.771-1.587-3.42-2.379-7.508-2.379-12.265 0-6.739 1.71-12.538 5.129-17.395 3.42-4.855 8.251-8.597 14.496-11.225 6.244-2.625 13.678-3.939 22.3-3.939 5.65 0 11.199.645 16.651 1.932 5.45 1.289 10.356 3.025 14.718 5.204v20.219c-4.363-2.677-9.292-4.759-14.793-6.244-5.501-1.487-11.027-2.23-16.577-2.23-6.047 0-10.73 1.04-14.049 3.121-3.322 2.082-4.981 5.055-4.981 8.92 0 2.777.792 4.981 2.379 6.617 1.584 1.635 3.84 2.974 6.765 4.014 2.922 1.04 6.367 2.057 10.333 3.048 5.055 1.289 9.761 2.702 14.124 4.237 4.36 1.538 8.2 3.493 11.522 5.872 3.32 2.378 5.896 5.403 7.731 9.068 1.833 3.667 2.75 8.177 2.75 13.528 0 7.039-1.735 13.06-5.203 18.064-3.47 5.006-8.475 8.823-15.016 11.448-6.542 2.627-14.422 3.941-23.639 3.941zM520.419 106.3h22.895v106.298h-22.895V106.3zM644.672 193.271v19.327h-86.08v-16.353a3173.604 3173.604 0 0 1 27.058-35.756 4259.495 4259.495 0 0 1 27.058-34.863H561.12V106.3h81.62v16.353a5350.393 5350.393 0 0 0-27.356 35.087 3034.63 3034.63 0 0 0-27.058 35.531h56.346zM657.604 106.3h73.146v19.029h-50.251v23.044H725.1v19.029h-44.601v26.167h53.075v19.03h-75.971V106.3z"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Bitesize</span></a></div></div></div></div><nav data-testid="navigation" aria-label="BBC Bitesize" class="ssrcss-1wzssl9-Navigation e19b3odl0"><div class="ssrcss-1j9vurq-MainNavBarContainer e12m6nm70"><div class="e17d5osh1 ssrcss-qkzcfe-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer ebbwlb0"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div id="product-navigation-menu" class="ssrcss-cb3grh-PrimaryListContainer e17d5osh0"><div class="ssrcss-1hfgj8b-ToggleContainer etzr2fk0"><a href="#product-navigation-menu" class="ssrcss-1gmyfek-StyledToggle ekfn8591"><span data-testid="actions:list-view-text" class="ssrcss-1m4972l-IconWrapper ekfn8590"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M1 7.5h30V1.9H1zm0 22.6h30v-5.6H1zm0-11.3h30v-5.6H1z"></path></svg></span>Menu</a></div><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1dxpp32-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li aria-current="true" class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize" class="ssrcss-1dblvlt-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Home</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/learn" class="ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Learn</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/study-support" class="ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Study support</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/careers" class="ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Careers</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/parents" class="ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Parents</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/trending" class="ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Trending</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/my" class="ssrcss-is8wz4-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-1qssgss-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">My Bitesize</span></a></li></ul></div><div data-testid="more-menu-button" class="ssrcss-3ax7bz-ToggleContainer enbola60"><a href="#product-navigation-more-menu" class="ssrcss-1gmyfek-StyledToggle ekfn8591"><span data-testid="actions:list-view-text" class="ssrcss-1m4972l-IconWrapper ekfn8590"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M1 7.5h30V1.9H1zm0 22.6h30v-5.6H1zm0-11.3h30v-5.6H1z"></path></svg></span>More</a></div></div></div></div><div class="e1135wx61 ssrcss-1fuzwhv-MenuContainer-MoreMenuWrapper ebbwlb0"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div id="product-navigation-more-menu" class="ssrcss-6tbwbt-MoreMenuListContainer e1135wx60"><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><strong class="ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle e14xdrat0">England</strong><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zt6svwx" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Early years</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z3g4d2p" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS1</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zbr9wmn" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS2</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z4kw2hv" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS3</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z98jmp3" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">GCSE</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zvhtng8" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Functional Skills</span></a></li></ul></div><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><strong class="ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle e14xdrat0">Northern Ireland</strong><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/znyh7nb" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Foundation Stage</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zcwyp4j" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS1</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zjmj92p" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS2</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z3hbg7h" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS3</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z98jmp3" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">GCSE</span></a></li></ul></div><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><strong class="ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle e14xdrat0">Scotland</strong><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zf7hgwx" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Early Level</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zgckjxs" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">1st Level</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zr48q6f" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">2nd Level</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zy4qn39" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">3rd Level</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zvk2fg8" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">4th Level</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zp3d7ty" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">National 4</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z6gw2hv" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">National 5</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zkdqxnb" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Higher</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z66jhbk" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Core Skills</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zggh6g8" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">An Tràth Ìre</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zk3xy9q" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">A' Chiad Ìre</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z4y2scw" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">An Dàrna Ìre</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zmd346f" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">3mh ìre</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zxwb9ty" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">4mh ìre</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z8hhvcw" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Nàiseanta 4</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zdpp34j" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Nàiseanta 5</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zqq4wxs" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Àrd Ìre</span></a></li></ul></div><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><strong class="ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle e14xdrat0">Wales</strong><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zxybmsg" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Foundation Phase</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zbr9wmn" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS2</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z4kw2hv" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS3</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z98jmp3" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">GCSE</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z9wtgdm" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">WBQ</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zhh7nrd" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Essential Skills</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z4js6v4" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Cyfnod Sylfaen</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zbpwt39" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">CA2</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zh6vr82" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">CA3</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zqxy8mn" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">CBC</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/z8w76sg" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">TGAU</span></a></li></ul></div><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><strong class="ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle e14xdrat0">International</strong><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zygcmbk" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">KS3</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels/zgdqywx" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">IGCSE</span></a></li></ul></div><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-15c6ksl-MenuListContainer e14xdrat2"><strong class="ssrcss-1sia920-ListTitle e14xdrat0">More from Bitesize</strong><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-71dizn-StyledMenuList e14xdrat1"><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/articles/z6x992p" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">About us</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/subjects" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">All subjects</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/levels" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">All levels</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/primary-games" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Primary games</span></a></li><li class="ssrcss-g1n074-StyledMenuItem eis6szr3"><a href="/bitesize/secondary-games" class="ssrcss-113ra1d-StyledLink eis6szr2"><span class="ssrcss-i9csl0-LinkTextContainer eis6szr1">Secondary games</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div><div class="ssrcss-11ir3qv-Container e1t29nfy1"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div data-testid="header-wrapper" class="ssrcss-1pf279h-HeaderWrapper e1t29nfy5"><div data-testid="content-wrapper" class="ssrcss-xv1me1-ContentWrapper e1t29nfy4"><h1 id="main-heading" type="normal" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-wdtf7t-Heading e10rt3ze0">How to revise with the BBC Bitesize app</h1><p data-testid="metadata" class="ssrcss-14abiuv-MetadataWrapper e1ir0fuh1">Part of <a class="links" href="/bitesize/learn">Learn & revise</a></p><div class="ssrcss-zfej3t-ButtonGroup e1tkm4570"><div class="ssrcss-17ehax8-Cluster e1ihwmse1"><div spacing="4" class="ssrcss-m68fbm-ClusterItems e1ihwmse0"><div class="ssrcss-1uhdaf3-MobileFullWidthWrapper e1cpikhi0"><div data-testid="information-panel" class="ssrcss-5tewi8-StyledInformationPanel eu74mg86"><div><div class="ssrcss-9jw667-ButtonWrapper e19pe5mb4"><button width="full" type="button" aria-atomic="true" aria-live="polite" aria-pressed="false" aria-labelledby=":Rml9l9j3a:" aria-expanded="false" class="ssrcss-1d90ebh-Button eoocusk1"><div class="ssrcss-uf7g13-ContentsWrapper e19pe5mb3"><span class="ssrcss-1vf32ku-ButtonStyles e19pe5mb2"><span data-testid="personalisation:bookmark" class="ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper e19pe5mb1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M24 4v22.6l-8-4.5-8 4.5V4zm2-2H6v28l10-5.6L26 30z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText e19pe5mb0"><span data-testid="uasButtonText">Save to My Bitesize</span><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0"></span></span></span><span class="ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles e19pe5mb2"><span data-testid="personalisation:bookmark" class="ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper e19pe5mb1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M24 4v22.6l-8-4.5-8 4.5V4zm2-2H6v28l10-5.6L26 30z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText e19pe5mb0">Save to My Bitesize</span></span><span class="ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles e19pe5mb2"><span data-testid="playback-avkx:loading" class="ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper e19pe5mb1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-151p9y1-StyledIcon-AnimatedCoreLoadingIcon e161cein0" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m29 8.3-2.5 1.5c1.1 1.8 1.6 3.9 1.6 6.2 0 6.9-5.3 12.2-12.1 12.2-6.9 0-12.1-5.3-12.1-12.2S9.1 3.8 16 3.8V1C7.5 1 1 7.5 1 16s6.5 15 15 15 15-6.5 15-15c0-2.9-.7-5.5-2-7.7"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText e19pe5mb0">Saving</span></span><span class="ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles e19pe5mb2"><span data-testid="personalisation:bookmark-filled" class="ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper e19pe5mb1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M6 2v28l9.4-5.3.6-.3.6.3L26 30V2z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText e19pe5mb0">Saved</span></span><span class="ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles e19pe5mb2"><span data-testid="playback-avkx:loading" class="ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper e19pe5mb1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-151p9y1-StyledIcon-AnimatedCoreLoadingIcon e161cein0" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m29 8.3-2.5 1.5c1.1 1.8 1.6 3.9 1.6 6.2 0 6.9-5.3 12.2-12.1 12.2-6.9 0-12.1-5.3-12.1-12.2S9.1 3.8 16 3.8V1C7.5 1 1 7.5 1 16s6.5 15 15 15 15-6.5 15-15c0-2.9-.7-5.5-2-7.7"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText e19pe5mb0">Removing</span></span><span class="ssrcss-unr8ru-ButtonStyles e19pe5mb2"><span data-testid="actions:close" class="ssrcss-1w5g8is-IconWrapper e19pe5mb1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m30 4.6-2.8-2.8L2 27.4l2.8 2.8zM4.8 1.8 1.9 4.7l25.2 25.5 2.9-2.9z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-fotzux-ButtonText e19pe5mb0">Remove from My Bitesize</span></span></div></button></div><p id=":Rml9l9j3a:" aria-hidden="true" class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Save to My Bitesize</p></div><div hidden="" role="group" aria-labelledby=":Rml9l9j3aH1:" data-testid="information-panel-content" class="ssrcss-1xg8in9-StyledPanelContent eu74mg85"><div class="ssrcss-4pcgwu-ContentWrapper eu74mg84"><div class="ssrcss-1m6whh8-CloseButtonWrapper eu74mg82"><button width="content-length" type="button" class="ssrcss-1fpnh7r-Button eoocusk1"><span data-testid="actions:close" class="ssrcss-1a1fy59-IconWrapper eoocusk0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m30 4.6-2.8-2.8L2 27.4l2.8 2.8zM4.8 1.8 1.9 4.7l25.2 25.5 2.9-2.9z"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">close panel</span></span></button></div><div class="ssrcss-9etswz-PanelWrapper eu74mg83"><div id=":Rml9l9j3aH1:" aria-hidden="true" class="ssrcss-177890g-StyledTitleArea eu74mg81"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-testid="image-wrapper" class="ssrcss-rpm9cq-ImageWrapper e1t29nfy0"></div></div></div></div></header></div></div><div class="ssrcss-16qtiov-ContentStack e1k195vp2"><div class="ssrcss-fq0xf0-Zone-StandardZone e1k195vp0"><main id="main-content" data-testid="main-content" style="height:100%"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div class="ssrcss-5t889z-PageWrapper e107fkov6"><div width="300" class="ssrcss-1vd2y3y-ContainerWithSidebarWrapper e1jl38b40"><div data-testid="sidebar" class="ssrcss-xifqb-SidebarWrapper e107fkov4"><div data-testid="sidebar-scroll-wrapper" class="ssrcss-rx5b6l-SidebarScrollWrapper e107fkov3"><nav aria-labelledby="sidebar-heading" class="ssrcss-dxkw4d-SidebarNavigation efgdili10"><div id="navigation-top" class="ssrcss-16hkbez-SidebarNavigationTop efgdili9"></div><div class="ssrcss-d3pbas-VisibleHeadingWrapper efgdili8"><h2 id="sidebar-heading" type="normal" class="ssrcss-1k20pxf-Heading e10rt3ze0">Jump to</h2></div><div class="ssrcss-j1tvkn-SidebarNavSectionWrapper efgdili0"><ol><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zh2mywx" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Revise with the app</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#znx63qt" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Video: take a look at the app</span></a></li><li><a data-contains-current-page-link="false" href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zpx63qt" data-contains-link="true" class="ssrcss-1ifczih-SidebarButton efgdili6"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4"><span class="ssrcss-1yvst2-SidebarButtonTextSpan efgdili3">Frequently asked questions</span><span hidden="" class="ssrcss-151vxk-ExpandIconContainer efgdili2"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M17.7 9.4.9 27.8v-6.7L16 4.2 31.1 21v6.7L14.3 9.4zm0 0L.9 27.8v-6.7L16 4.2 31.1 21v6.7L14.3 9.4z"></path></svg></span></span></a><ol><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zs6tb7h" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Who is the app for?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zyhprmn" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">What is a flashcard?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zgyv8p3" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Can I save flashcards?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#z9grqyc" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Which subjects have flashcards?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#z3sf9ty" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">How do I test myself?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zmjqnk7" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Is the app free?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#z672fdm" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Who made the content?</span></a></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zc3bwsg" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-rd1365-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">Which devices can I use?</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="/bitesize/articles/zgd682p#zhmxvj6" aria-current="false" class="ssrcss-1fc0pzq-SidebarLink efgdili5"><span class="ssrcss-10niaat-SidebarItemSpan efgdili4">More revision support</span></a></li></ol></div></nav></div></div><div data-testid="grid-wrapper" aria-live="polite" class="ssrcss-o09sa2-ArticleGridWrapper e107fkov1"><div spacing="7" class="ssrcss-6fqtmn-Stack e1y4nx260"><section id="gridBlock-0" data-stack-active="true" class="ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper enh46943"><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div style="height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%"></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zh2mywx"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h2 id="zh2mywx">GCSE revision resources at your fingertips</h2></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>Prepare for your GCSE exams with the BBC Bitesize app which contains:</p><ul><li>Flashcards</li><li>Revision guides</li><li>Quizzes</li></ul><p>And more revision resources, all available for <strong>free!</strong></p><p>The Bitesize app is the perfect revision tool for GCSE students with flashcards for GCSE maths, biology, chemistry, physics, English literature, history, geography and many other subjects across <strong>England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.</strong></p><p>Download the app now and take brilliant Bitesize study guides with you everywhere you go.</p><p><a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.co.bbc.bitesize" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Download BBC Bitesize revision app for Android devices</a></p><p><a href="https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1089215244?pt=342230&ct=Bitesize%20App%20Article&mt=8" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Download BBC Bitesize revision app for iPhone and Apple devices</a></p><p><a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B07CBJ9GC6" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Download BBC Bitesize revision app from Amazon</a></p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-progress-id="zh2mywx"><div style="height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%"></div></div></div></section><a href="#main-content" role="link" class="ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink ehuptrk1"><span data-testid="arrows:to-top" class="ssrcss-10m9zve-IconWrapper ehuptrk0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M31.1 2.5H1v2.8h30.1zM14.3 13.3 31 29.5v-6.7L16 8.1.9 22.8v6.7l16.8-16.2z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-1hgui5j-TextWrapper ehuptrk2">Back to top</span></a><section id="gridBlock-1" data-stack-active="false" class="ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper enh46943"><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="znx63qt"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h2 id="znx63qt">Video: take a look at the Bitesize app</h2></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><figure data-component="video-block" class="ssrcss-quwkth-ComponentWrapper e15ii8li2"><div data-chromatic="ignore" class="ssrcss-dtyrnv-MediaPlayerWrapper e1h75hkw4"><div data-testid="media-player-container-landscape" class="ssrcss-aaorng-MediaContainer e1h75hkw3"><div class="ssrcss-199fzb3-MediaInner e1h75hkw2"><div data-testid="bbc-logo-wrapper" class="ssrcss-1twt4cc-LogoIconWrapper e1h75hkw0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 112 32" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M111.99999,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,32.0000444 L79.9999905,32.0000444 L79.9999905,4.44444577e-05 L111.99999,4.44444577e-05 Z M72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,32 L40.0000119,32 L40.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 L72.0000119,-3.55271368e-15 Z M32,-3.55271368e-15 L32,32 L-1.13686838e-13,32 L-1.13686838e-13,-3.55271368e-15 L32,-3.55271368e-15 Z M97.469329,6.80826869 C96.0294397,6.80826869 94.7294393,7.02226876 93.5693278,7.44982444 C92.4089942,7.87782457 91.4137717,8.49471364 90.5841047,9.30049166 C89.7538823,10.1067141 89.1188821,11.07327 88.6785486,12.199937 C88.2378818,13.3269373 88.0177706,14.5896043 88.0177706,15.9876048 C88.0177706,17.4188274 88.2296596,18.7062722 88.6531042,19.8493837 C89.0763265,20.9929396 89.6861045,21.9591621 90.482438,22.748829 C91.2784383,23.5383848 92.2522163,24.1430516 93.4042167,24.5624962 C94.5558837,24.9819408 95.8516619,25.1917186 97.2914401,25.1917186 C98.3752182,25.1917186 99.4086629,25.072163 100.391219,24.8338296 C101.37333,24.5956073 102.237108,24.2706072 102.982664,23.8592738 L102.982664,23.8592738 L102.982664,20.4292727 C101.40733,21.4001619 99.6881074,21.8851621 97.8251069,21.8851621 C96.6054399,21.8851621 95.567884,21.6549398 94.7126615,21.194273 C93.8572168,20.7338284 93.2049944,20.0633837 92.7564387,19.1831613 C92.3073275,18.3032721 92.0831052,17.2380496 92.0831052,15.9876048 C92.0831052,14.7377155 92.3156608,13.6766041 92.7816609,12.8044927 C93.2474389,11.9327147 93.916328,11.2664922 94.7888838,10.8058254 C95.6609951,10.3453809 96.715551,10.1148252 97.9521069,10.1148252 C98.8496628,10.1148252 99.7052186,10.2342697 100.518108,10.4726031 C101.331219,10.7112699 102.084664,11.0609366 102.779442,11.5212701 L102.779442,11.5212701 L102.779442,8.01738016 C102.017219,7.62260227 101.191441,7.32260218 100.302219,7.11671323 C99.4129963,6.91126872 98.4685515,6.80826869 97.469329,6.80826869 Z M55.7552388,7.00000208 L49.0000146,7.00000208 L49.0000146,25.0000021 L56.1713501,25.0000021 C57.590906,25.0000021 58.8063508,24.7903407 59.8181289,24.3706739 C60.8297959,23.9513405 61.6087961,23.3553403 62.1555741,22.5832289 C62.7020187,21.8114509 62.9754632,20.8882284 62.9754632,19.8140059 C62.9754632,18.7232278 62.6941298,17.7960053 62.1312407,17.0321162 C61.5681294,16.2686715 60.7563514,15.7104491 59.6957955,15.3580046 C60.4625736,14.9891156 61.0420182,14.4894488 61.4335738,13.8601152 C61.8252406,13.2307817 62.0210185,12.4881148 62.0210185,11.6321146 C62.0210185,10.1385586 61.4742405,8.99311379 60.3812402,8.19578022 C59.2877954,7.39889109 57.745795,7.00000208 55.7552388,7.00000208 L55.7552388,7.00000208 Z M15.7552269,7.00000208 L9.00000268,7.00000208 L9.00000268,25.0000021 L16.1713381,25.0000021 C17.5908941,25.0000021 18.8062278,24.7903407 19.8182281,24.3706739 C20.8296729,23.9513405 21.6087842,23.3553403 22.1555621,22.5832289 C22.7021179,21.8114509 22.9755624,20.8882284 22.9755624,19.8140059 C22.9755624,18.7232278 22.6941179,17.7960053 22.1311177,17.0321162 C21.5682286,16.2686715 20.7563395,15.7104491 19.6957836,15.3580046 C20.4625616,14.9891156 21.0418952,14.4894488 21.4335619,13.8601152 C21.8252287,13.2307817 22.0210066,12.4881148 22.0210066,11.6321146 C22.0210066,10.1385586 21.4741175,8.99311379 20.3811172,8.19578022 C19.2877835,7.39889109 17.7457831,7.00000208 15.7552269,7.00000208 L15.7552269,7.00000208 Z M55.8775833,17.2209385 C58.1128062,17.2209385 59.2308065,18.0434943 59.2308065,19.6881614 C59.2308065,20.4602728 58.9369175,21.0518285 58.3496951,21.4629397 C57.7622505,21.8743843 56.9216947,22.0797177 55.8286944,22.0797177 L55.8286944,22.0797177 L52.6469157,22.0797177 L52.6469157,17.2209385 Z M15.8775714,17.2209385 C18.1129054,17.2209385 19.2307946,18.0434943 19.2307946,19.6881614 C19.2307946,20.4602728 18.9370167,21.0518285 18.3496832,21.4629397 C17.7622386,21.8743843 16.9216828,22.0797177 15.8286825,22.0797177 L15.8286825,22.0797177 L12.6469038,22.0797177 L12.6469038,17.2209385 Z M55.412572,9.92028073 C57.3541282,9.92028073 58.3252396,10.6338365 58.3252396,12.0600591 C58.3252396,12.7988371 58.0763506,13.373504 57.5786838,13.7846152 C57.0807948,14.1960598 56.3587946,14.4013932 55.412572,14.4013932 L55.412572,14.4013932 L52.6469046,14.4013932 L52.6469046,9.92028073 Z M15.4125601,9.92028073 C17.3541163,9.92028073 18.3252277,10.6338365 18.3252277,12.0600591 C18.3252277,12.7988371 18.0762276,13.373504 17.5786719,13.7846152 C17.0807829,14.1960598 16.3587826,14.4013932 15.4125601,14.4013932 L15.4125601,14.4013932 L12.6468927,14.4013932 L12.6468927,9.92028073 Z"></path></svg></div></div></div><noscript><div class="ssrcss-1hilbxj-ErrorMessage eitf6462"><div class="ssrcss-1b7cqa9-StyledInnerContainer eitf6461"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">This video can not be played</p><h2 type="normal" class="ssrcss-1k20pxf-Heading e10rt3ze0">To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser.</h2></div></div></noscript></div><figcaption><p data-testid="caption" class="ssrcss-t5imwz-Caption e15ii8li1">Here's how the BBC Bitesize app works - it's easy to use!</p></figcaption><div data-testid="transcript" class="ssrcss-14r4yn0-Transcript e15ii8li0"><div class="ssrcss-gnpqll-Accordion e1uomnyt7"><div spacing="0" class="ssrcss-14xrj8w-Stack e1y4nx260"><section><h3 class="ssrcss-gtnys8-StyledAccordionHandle e1uomnyt3"><button width="full" type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="ssrcss-1bn3i7g-Button eoocusk1"><div class="ssrcss-1hyyj5j-TitleAndAdditionalTextWrapper e1uomnyt0"><span data-js-text="true" class="ssrcss-6m6lw7-AccordionHandleTitle e1uomnyt6">Video Transcript</span><span hidden="" data-no-js-text="true" class="ssrcss-6m6lw7-AccordionHandleTitle e1uomnyt6">Video Transcript</span></div><span class="ssrcss-1w60dg5-IconWrapper e1uomnyt5"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M17.7 22.6.9 4.2v6.7L16 27.8 31.1 11V4.3L14.3 22.6zm0 0L.9 4.2v6.7L16 27.8 31.1 11V4.3L14.3 22.6z"></path></svg></span></button></h3><div hidden="" class="ssrcss-1e389rh-AccordionDrawerWrapper e1uomnyt2"><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>It's never been easier to learn.<br/>This is the BBC Bitesize app.<br/>Personalise it by picking your subjects and exams.<br/>Choose your subjects:<br/>Science, English, Maths and more<br/>Everything you need, all in one place, including:<br/>Flashcards<br/>Videos<br/>Top tips<br/>On the spot. In your home. On your device.<br/>BBC Bitesize</p></div></div></section></div></div></div></figure></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-progress-id="znx63qt"><div style="height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%"></div></div></div></section><a href="#main-content" role="link" class="ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink ehuptrk1"><span data-testid="arrows:to-top" class="ssrcss-10m9zve-IconWrapper ehuptrk0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M31.1 2.5H1v2.8h30.1zM14.3 13.3 31 29.5v-6.7L16 8.1.9 22.8v6.7l16.8-16.2z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-1hgui5j-TextWrapper ehuptrk2">Back to top</span></a><section id="gridBlock-2" data-stack-active="false" class="ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper enh46943"><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zpx63qt"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h2 id="zpx63qt">Frequently asked questions</h2></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zs6tb7h"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="zs6tb7h">Who is the BBC Bitesize app for?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>The app is for students in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It contains <strong>GCSE, National 4, National 5, Higher and TGAU</strong> subjects including maths, science, English, history and many more.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zyhprmn"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="zyhprmn">What is a Bitesize flashcard? Can flashcards help me to revise?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>Bitesize flashcards summarise the key points of a topic using text with bullet points and labelled diagrams. You can swipe between flashcards to refresh your knowledge.</p><p>Flashcards let you test yourself. They include key words or phrases which can be flipped to reveal the definition. There are also quiz cards to help you revise with multiple choice questions.</p><p>Students who prefer to revise through video recaps or audio clips will find lots of video and audio cards for easy access in the flashcard decks.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zgyv8p3"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="zgyv8p3">Can I save flashcards and revision guides?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>It’s very easy to save flashcards and revision guides in the Bitesize app.</p><p>On any deck of flashcards, tap <strong>+ Add flashcards</strong> at the bottom of the screen.</p><p>On any revision guide in the Bitesize app, tap <strong>+ Add Revision Guide</strong> at the bottom of the screen.</p><p>You can see all your saved flashcards and revision guides on the app home screen, in the <strong>Added</strong> tab. You can filter by <strong>Flashcards</strong> or <strong>Revision</strong> for fast access to the content you need.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="z9grqyc"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="z9grqyc">Which subjects have flashcards in the Bitesize revision app?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>We have created flashcards for a range of subjects. The app contains:</p><ul><li>Science flashcards.</li><li>Maths flashcards.</li><li>English flashcards.</li></ul><p>Plus flashcards for many other subjects.</p><p>If there are no flashcards available for your subject, watch this space! We're always working on creating more flashcards. If your subject is covered on <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">BBC Bitesize</a>, you'll be able to see <strong>Revision, Test</strong> and <strong>Video</strong> tabs (where they exist) in the app, just as you'd see on the website.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="z3sf9ty"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="z3sf9ty">How do I test myself in the Bitesize revision app?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>There are various ways to test yourself in the Bitesize app.</p><p>Choose a subject and topic, then tap on <strong>revise</strong>. Most of our revision guides contain a <strong>test</strong> section, which lets you test your knowledge of a topic with a multiple-choice quiz.</p><p>Lots of our revision guides include sample exam questions for subjects like biology, chemistry, physics, English literature and English language.</p><p>You can also test yourself using flashcards. There are quiz cards with multiple choice questions and cards displaying key words or phrases which can be flipped to reveal the definition.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zmjqnk7"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="zmjqnk7">Is the BBC Bitesize app free?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p><strong>YES!</strong> The app is free to download and has <strong>no in-app purchases</strong>. The app is from the BBC and will be free forever.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="z672fdm"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="z672fdm">Who has made the content in the app?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>All BBC Bitesize revision guides, flashcards and quizzes are created by curriculum experts and designed to be <strong>exam board-specific</strong>. Our content is written by curriculum authors and checked by educational consultants to ensure it follows the National Curriculum and the appropriate exam boards.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zc3bwsg"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h3 id="zc3bwsg">Which devices does the Bitesize revision app work on?</h3></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p>The Bitesize app works on Android and Apple iOS mobile phones and tablets.</p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-progress-id="zpx63qt"><div style="height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%"></div></div></div></section><a href="#main-content" role="link" class="ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink ehuptrk1"><span data-testid="arrows:to-top" class="ssrcss-10m9zve-IconWrapper ehuptrk0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M31.1 2.5H1v2.8h30.1zM14.3 13.3 31 29.5v-6.7L16 8.1.9 22.8v6.7l16.8-16.2z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-1hgui5j-TextWrapper ehuptrk2">Back to top</span></a><section id="gridBlock-3" data-stack-active="false" class="ssrcss-guw00x-SectionWrapper enh46943"><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-menu-item-id="zhmxvj6"><div data-component="menu-heading-block" class="ssrcss-1tnhoox-ComponentWrapper e1okin9t0"><h2 id="zhmxvj6">Get more revision support in 2024 and 2025</h2></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div><div data-component="text-block" class="text-block ssrcss-1ykw0fe-TextWrapper e1ekt5r40"><p><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Discover more from BBC Bitesize</a></p><p><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zg4dmbk" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">The ultimate GCSE, Higher and Nationals revision collection</a></p><p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/bbcbitesize" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Join BBC Bitesize on Facebook</a></p><p><a href="https://www.instagram.com/bbcbitesize/" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Get updates on Instagram</a></p><p><a href="https://bbcteach.edcowebsites.co.uk/" class="ssrcss-1w74xcy-InlineLink e1kn3p7n0">Are you a teacher? Subscribe to the free BBC Teach email service</a></p></div></div></div><div data-layout="single" class="ssrcss-1wsza7t-Row enh46940"><div data-progress-id="zhmxvj6"><div style="height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%"></div></div></div></section><a href="#main-content" role="link" class="ssrcss-n0hjyx-SignpostLink ehuptrk1"><span data-testid="arrows:to-top" class="ssrcss-10m9zve-IconWrapper ehuptrk0"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M31.1 2.5H1v2.8h30.1zM14.3 13.3 31 29.5v-6.7L16 8.1.9 22.8v6.7l16.8-16.2z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-1hgui5j-TextWrapper ehuptrk2">Back to top</span></a></div><div style="height:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%"></div></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><div class="ssrcss-1wnvszv-FooterStack e1k195vp4"><div class="ssrcss-irv5dn-Zone e1k195vp1"><footer id="footer-content" data-testid="footer-content"><div class="ssrcss-1sz5jhc-StyledWrapper e1x61rap2"><div data-testid="language-selector-divider" class="ssrcss-wl1ktf-StyledDivider e1x61rap1"></div><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div class="ssrcss-5pb5h2-LanguageSelectWrapper e1x61rap0"><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><label for="language-selector" class="ssrcss-1mg4r3s-StyledLabel elk9bq90">Language:</label><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><div class="ssrcss-54r061-InputWrapper e1n2yeqb0"><select data-testid="select" id="language-selector" aria-invalid="false" aria-describedby="language-selector-error" aria-required="false" class="ssrcss-rhd3ht-StyledSelect e1n2yeqb1"><option value="en" selected="">English</option><option value="cy">Cymraeg</option><option value="ga">Gaeilge</option><option value="gd">Gàidhlig</option></select><span class="ssrcss-1kospcg-IconStack ehlr6pj0"><span class="ssrcss-5nqzc5-IconWrapper ehlr6pj1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M26.7 19.4 16 8.8 5.3 19.4v3.7h21.4z"></path></svg></span><span class="ssrcss-5nqzc5-IconWrapper ehlr6pj1"><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="1em" height="1em" class="ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon e161cein1" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M26.7 12.6 16 23.2 5.3 12.6V8.8h21.4z"></path></svg></span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ssrcss-18a2lvt-GlobalFooterStyling ejnx8uh0"><div class="ssrcss-1euvvif-Wrap e42f8511"><div spacing="4" class="ssrcss-wjed5-Stack e1y4nx260"><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1iurs7n-Columns e130hpyp1"><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Home</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">News</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/sport" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Sport</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/future/earth" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Earth</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/reel" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Reel</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/worklife" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Worklife</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/travel" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Travel</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/culture" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Culture</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/future" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Future</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/culture/music" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Music</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/p00fzl9m" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">TV</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/weather" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Weather</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds" class="ssrcss-125d0rg-Link-NavigationLink e130hpyp0">Sounds</a></li></ul><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><div class="ssrcss-17ehax8-Cluster e1ihwmse1"><ul role="list" spacing="6" class="ssrcss-x3nlsb-ClusterItems e1ihwmse0"><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/terms" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Terms of Use</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">About the BBC</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/privacy" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Privacy Policy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/cookies" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Cookies</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Accessibility Help</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/guidance" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Parental Guidance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/contact" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Contact the BBC</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcnewsletter" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Get Personalised Newsletters</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/help-41670342" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Why you can trust the BBC</a></li><li><a href="https://www.bbc.com/advertisingcontact/" class="ssrcss-1ndhxp0-Link-LegalLink e1nhpvv71">Advertise with us</a></li></ul></div><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">© 2024 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidance/feeds-and-links" class="ssrcss-1dly6b7-Link e14mg4ud0">Read about our approach to external linking.</a></p></div></div></div></div></footer></div></div></div></div></div><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp">window.__WEBAPP_CONFIG__="{\"staticBaseUrl\":\"https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core\",\"apiUrl\":\"/wc-data\",\"pollingApiUrl\":\"/wc-poll-data\",\"hostUrl\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk\",\"cdnHostUrl\":\"https://web-cdn.api.bbci.co.uk\",\"reportingEndpoint\":\"https://webcore.bbc-reporting-api.app/report-endpoint\",\"webVitalsSampleRate\":20,\"manifestName\":\"manifest.1ccdbcfd4cc3bf889128a50903c2b22c81758637.json\"}";</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp">window.__INITIAL_DATA__="{\"data\":{\"global-navigation?country=sg&language=en-GB&service=bitesize\":{\"name\":\"global-navigation\",\"props\":{\"country\":\"sg\",\"language\":\"en-GB\",\"service\":\"bitesize\"},\"data\":{\"accessibilityLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Skip to content\",\"url\":\"#main-heading\"},{\"label\":\"Accessibility Help\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/\"}],\"signInLabel\":\"Sign in\",\"accountLabel\":\"Your account\",\"forYouLabel\":\"For you\",\"forYouUrl\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/foryou\",\"menuLabel\":\"Menu\",\"moreLabel\":\"More\",\"moreMenuLabel\":\"More menu\",\"closeButtonLabel\":\"Close menu\",\"disclaimer\":{\"text\":\"© 2024 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidance/feeds-and-links\",\"text\":\"Read about our approach to external linking.\"}},\"legalLinks\":[{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/terms\",\"label\":\"Terms of Use\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc\",\"label\":\"About the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/privacy\",\"label\":\"Privacy Policy\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/cookies\",\"label\":\"Cookies\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility\",\"label\":\"Accessibility Help\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/guidance\",\"label\":\"Parental Guidance\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/contact\",\"label\":\"Contact the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcnewsletter\",\"label\":\"Get Personalised Newsletters\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/help-41670342\",\"label\":\"Why you can trust the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/advertisingcontact/\",\"label\":\"Advertise with us\"},{\"opens\":\"privacy-management\",\"label\":\"Do not share or sell my info\"}],\"navigationType\":\"Commercial Legacy\",\"homepageLink\":{\"label\":\"BBC Homepage\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com\"},\"searchLink\":{\"label\":\"Search Bitesize\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/search?d=BITESIZE\"},\"chameleonSearchLink\":{\"label\":\"Search Bitesize\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/search\"},\"navigationLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Home\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com\",\"accent\":\"#007BC7\"},{\"label\":\"News\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/news\",\"accent\":\"#BB1919\"},{\"label\":\"Sport\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/sport\",\"accent\":\"#FFD230\"},{\"label\":\"Earth\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future/earth\",\"accent\":\"#AAFF00\"},{\"label\":\"Reel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/reel\",\"accent\":\"#0068FF\"},{\"label\":\"Worklife\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/worklife\",\"accent\":\"#0052A1\"},{\"label\":\"Travel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/travel\",\"accent\":\"#589E50\"},{\"label\":\"Culture\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture\",\"accent\":\"#482878\"},{\"label\":\"Future\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future\",\"accent\":\"#002856\"},{\"label\":\"Music\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture/music\"},{\"label\":\"TV\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/p00fzl9m\"},{\"label\":\"Weather\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/weather\",\"accent\":\"#88CCEE\"},{\"label\":\"Sounds\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds\",\"accent\":\"#FF4900\"}],\"chameleonNavigationLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Home\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com\"},{\"label\":\"News\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/news\",\"accent\":\"#EB1212\"},{\"label\":\"Sport\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/sport\",\"accent\":\"#FFD230\"},{\"label\":\"Earth\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future/earth\",\"accent\":\"#AAFF00\"},{\"label\":\"Reel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/reel\",\"accent\":\"#0068FF\"},{\"label\":\"Worklife\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/worklife\",\"accent\":\"#0052A1\"},{\"label\":\"Travel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/travel\",\"accent\":\"#589E50\"},{\"label\":\"Culture\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture\",\"accent\":\"#482878\"},{\"label\":\"Future\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future\",\"accent\":\"#002856\"},{\"label\":\"Music\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture/music\"},{\"label\":\"TV\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/p00fzl9m\"},{\"label\":\"Weather\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/weather\",\"accent\":\"#149EDC\"},{\"label\":\"Sounds\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds\",\"accent\":\"#FA6400\"}]},\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"isPersonalised\":false,\"hasFetcher\":true},\"product-navigation?assetUri=%2Fbitesize%2Farticles%2Fzgd682p&country=sg&language=en-GB&product=bitesize&showProductNavigation=true&withExpandedHitArea=true\":{\"name\":\"product-navigation\",\"props\":{\"product\":\"bitesize\",\"assetUri\":\"/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"showProductNavigation\":true,\"withExpandedHitArea\":true,\"country\":\"sg\",\"language\":\"en-GB\"},\"data\":{\"masthead\":{\"link\":{\"url\":\"/bitesize\"},\"logo\":\"logo:bitesize\",\"text\":\"Bitesize\"},\"productNav\":{\"ariaLabel\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"primary\":[{\"label\":\"Home\",\"url\":\"/bitesize\",\"selected\":true,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Learn\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/learn\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Study support\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/study-support\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Careers\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/careers\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Parents\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/parents\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Trending\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/trending\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"My Bitesize\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/my\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}],\"secondary\":[],\"more\":[{\"title\":\"England\",\"items\":[{\"label\":\"Early years\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zt6svwx\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS1\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z3g4d2p\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS2\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zbr9wmn\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS3\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z4kw2hv\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"GCSE\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z98jmp3\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Functional Skills\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zvhtng8\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}]},{\"title\":\"Northern Ireland\",\"items\":[{\"label\":\"Foundation Stage\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/znyh7nb\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS1\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zcwyp4j\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS2\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zjmj92p\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS3\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z3hbg7h\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"GCSE\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z98jmp3\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}]},{\"title\":\"Scotland\",\"items\":[{\"label\":\"Early Level\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zf7hgwx\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"1st Level\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zgckjxs\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"2nd Level\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zr48q6f\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"3rd Level\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zy4qn39\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"4th Level\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zvk2fg8\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"National 4\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zp3d7ty\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"National 5\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z6gw2hv\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Higher\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zkdqxnb\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Core Skills\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z66jhbk\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"An Tràth Ìre\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zggh6g8\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"A' Chiad Ìre\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zk3xy9q\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"An Dàrna Ìre\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z4y2scw\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"3mh ìre\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zmd346f\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"4mh ìre\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zxwb9ty\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Nàiseanta 4\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z8hhvcw\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Nàiseanta 5\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zdpp34j\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Àrd Ìre\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zqq4wxs\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}]},{\"title\":\"Wales\",\"items\":[{\"label\":\"Foundation Phase\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zxybmsg\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS2\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zbr9wmn\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"KS3\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z4kw2hv\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"GCSE\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z98jmp3\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"WBQ\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z9wtgdm\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Essential Skills\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zhh7nrd\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Cyfnod Sylfaen\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z4js6v4\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"CA2\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zbpwt39\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"CA3\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zh6vr82\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"CBC\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zqxy8mn\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"TGAU\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/z8w76sg\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}]},{\"title\":\"International\",\"items\":[{\"label\":\"KS3\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zygcmbk\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"IGCSE\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels/zgdqywx\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}]},{\"title\":\"More from Bitesize\",\"items\":[{\"label\":\"About us\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/articles/z6x992p\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"All subjects\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/subjects\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"All levels\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/levels\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Primary games\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/primary-games\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false},{\"label\":\"Secondary games\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/secondary-games\",\"selected\":false,\"hidden\":false}]}],\"breadcrumbs\":[],\"noJSLink\":null,\"withExpandedHitArea\":true},\"language\":\"en-GB\"},\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"isPersonalised\":false,\"hasFetcher\":true},\"header?actionType=favourite&resourceType=article&urn=urn%3Abbc%3Aisite2%3Afile_id%3Ablocks-bitesize%3Azgd682p\":{\"name\":\"header\",\"props\":{\"urn\":\"urn:bbc:isite2:file_id:blocks-bitesize:zgd682p\",\"resourceType\":\"article\",\"actionType\":\"favourite\"},\"data\":{},\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"isPersonalised\":false,\"hasFetcher\":true},\"education-article?dataType=education-article&preview=false&urn=urn%3Abbc%3Aisite2%3Afile_id%3Ablocks-bitesize%3Azgd682p\":{\"name\":\"education-article\",\"props\":{\"dataType\":\"education-article\",\"preview\":false,\"urn\":\"urn:bbc:isite2:file_id:blocks-bitesize:zgd682p\"},\"data\":{\"metadata\":{\"title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards\",\"description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"language\":\"en-GB\",\"attributionLink\":null,\"tags\":[],\"years\":[],\"home\":\"http://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/passport/home/Bitesize\",\"image\":{\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"alt\":\"\"},\"modifiedDateTime\":\"2024-09-02T14:46:12.274065Z\",\"creationDateTime\":\"2018-08-07T10:10:13.818114Z\",\"publishedDateTime\":\"2018-10-23T08:57:31.582Z\",\"locators\":{\"canonicalUrl\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\"},\"contentId\":\"08eb7b76-7c13-4e6d-a000-1d2dc3602cd6\",\"attributions\":[{\"title\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize\"}]},\"menuMetadata\":[{\"id\":\"zh2mywx\",\"text\":\"Revise with the app\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"},{\"id\":\"znx63qt\",\"text\":\"Video: take a look at the app\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"},{\"id\":\"zpx63qt\",\"text\":\"Frequently asked questions\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"},{\"id\":\"zs6tb7h\",\"text\":\"Who is the app for?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"zyhprmn\",\"text\":\"What is a flashcard?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"zgyv8p3\",\"text\":\"Can I save flashcards?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"z9grqyc\",\"text\":\"Which subjects have flashcards?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"z3sf9ty\",\"text\":\"How do I test myself?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"zmjqnk7\",\"text\":\"Is the app free?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"z672fdm\",\"text\":\"Who made the content?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"zc3bwsg\",\"text\":\"Which devices can I use?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"},{\"id\":\"zhmxvj6\",\"text\":\"More revision support\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"}],\"headline\":\"How to revise with the BBC Bitesize app\",\"grid\":{\"isStacked\":true,\"data\":[[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zh2mywx\",\"heading\":\"GCSE revision resources at your fingertips\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>Prepare for your GCSE exams with the BBC Bitesize app which contains:\\u003c/p>\\u003cul>\\u003cli>Flashcards\\u003c/li>\\u003cli>Revision guides\\u003c/li>\\u003cli>Quizzes\\u003c/li>\\u003c/ul>\\u003cp>And more revision resources, all available for \\u003cstrong>free!\\u003c/strong>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>The Bitesize app is the perfect revision tool for GCSE students with flashcards for GCSE maths, biology, chemistry, physics, English literature, history, geography and many other subjects across \\u003cstrong>England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\\u003c/strong>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>Download the app now and take brilliant Bitesize study guides with you everywhere you go.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.co.bbc.bitesize\\\">Download BBC Bitesize revision app for Android devices\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1089215244?pt=342230&ct=Bitesize%20App%20Article&mt=8\\\">Download BBC Bitesize revision app for iPhone and Apple devices\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B07CBJ9GC6\\\">Download BBC Bitesize revision app from Amazon\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":0}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"divider-block\",\"data\":null},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"znx63qt\",\"heading\":\"Video: take a look at the Bitesize app\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"video-block\",\"data\":{\"caption\":\"Here's how the BBC Bitesize app works - it's easy to use!\",\"title\":\"BBC Bitesize App\",\"holdingImage\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/$recipe/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"vpid\":\"p08bl7hf\",\"transcript\":\"\\u003cp>It's never been easier to learn.\\u003cbr>This is the BBC Bitesize app.\\u003cbr>Personalise it by picking your subjects and exams.\\u003cbr>Choose your subjects:\\u003cbr>Science, English, Maths and more\\u003cbr>Everything you need, all in one place, including:\\u003cbr>Flashcards\\u003cbr>Videos\\u003cbr>Top tips\\u003cbr>On the spot. In your home. On your device.\\u003cbr>BBC Bitesize\\u003c/p>\",\"duration\":29,\"isoDuration\":\"PT29S\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"divider-block\",\"data\":null},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zpx63qt\",\"heading\":\"Frequently asked questions\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zs6tb7h\",\"heading\":\"Who is the BBC Bitesize app for?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>The app is for students in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It contains \\u003cstrong>GCSE, National 4, National 5, Higher and TGAU\\u003c/strong> subjects including maths, science, English, history and many more.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":1}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zyhprmn\",\"heading\":\"What is a Bitesize flashcard? Can flashcards help me to revise?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>Bitesize flashcards summarise the key points of a topic using text with bullet points and labelled diagrams. You can swipe between flashcards to refresh your knowledge.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>Flashcards let you test yourself. They include key words or phrases which can be flipped to reveal the definition. There are also quiz cards to help you revise with multiple choice questions.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>Students who prefer to revise through video recaps or audio clips will find lots of video and audio cards for easy access in the flashcard decks.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":2}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zgyv8p3\",\"heading\":\"Can I save flashcards and revision guides?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>It’s very easy to save flashcards and revision guides in the Bitesize app.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>On any deck of flashcards, tap \\u003cstrong>+ Add flashcards\\u003c/strong> at the bottom of the screen.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>On any revision guide in the Bitesize app, tap \\u003cstrong>+ Add Revision Guide\\u003c/strong> at the bottom of the screen.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>You can see all your saved flashcards and revision guides on the app home screen, in the \\u003cstrong>Added\\u003c/strong> tab. You can filter by \\u003cstrong>Flashcards\\u003c/strong> or \\u003cstrong>Revision\\u003c/strong> for fast access to the content you need.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":3}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"z9grqyc\",\"heading\":\"Which subjects have flashcards in the Bitesize revision app?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>We have created flashcards for a range of subjects. The app contains:\\u003c/p>\\u003cul>\\u003cli>Science flashcards.\\u003c/li>\\u003cli>Maths flashcards.\\u003c/li>\\u003cli>English flashcards.\\u003c/li>\\u003c/ul>\\u003cp>Plus flashcards for many other subjects.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>If there are no flashcards available for your subject, watch this space! We're always working on creating more flashcards. If your subject is covered on \\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize\\\">BBC Bitesize\\u003c/a>, you'll be able to see \\u003cstrong>Revision, Test\\u003c/strong> and \\u003cstrong>Video\\u003c/strong> tabs (where they exist) in the app, just as you'd see on the website.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":4}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"z3sf9ty\",\"heading\":\"How do I test myself in the Bitesize revision app?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>There are various ways to test yourself in the Bitesize app.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>Choose a subject and topic, then tap on \\u003cstrong>revise\\u003c/strong>. Most of our revision guides contain a \\u003cstrong>test\\u003c/strong> section, which lets you test your knowledge of a topic with a multiple-choice quiz.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>Lots of our revision guides include sample exam questions for subjects like biology, chemistry, physics, English literature and English language.\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>You can also test yourself using flashcards. There are quiz cards with multiple choice questions and cards displaying key words or phrases which can be flipped to reveal the definition.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":5}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zmjqnk7\",\"heading\":\"Is the BBC Bitesize app free?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>\\u003cstrong>YES!\\u003c/strong> The app is free to download and has \\u003cstrong>no in-app purchases\\u003c/strong>. The app is from the BBC and will be free forever.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":6}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"z672fdm\",\"heading\":\"Who has made the content in the app?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>All BBC Bitesize revision guides, flashcards and quizzes are created by curriculum experts and designed to be \\u003cstrong>exam board-specific\\u003c/strong>. Our content is written by curriculum authors and checked by educational consultants to ensure it follows the National Curriculum and the appropriate exam boards.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":7}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zc3bwsg\",\"heading\":\"Which devices does the Bitesize revision app work on?\",\"headingLevel\":\"2\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>The Bitesize app works on Android and Apple iOS mobile phones and tablets.\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":8}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"divider-block\",\"data\":null},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"menu-heading-block\",\"data\":{\"id\":\"zhmxvj6\",\"heading\":\"Get more revision support in 2024 and 2025\",\"headingLevel\":\"1\"}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}],[{\"type\":\"text-block\",\"data\":{\"text\":\"\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize\\\">Discover more from BBC Bitesize\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zg4dmbk\\\">The ultimate GCSE, Higher and Nationals revision collection\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.facebook.com/bbcbitesize\\\">Join BBC Bitesize on Facebook\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://www.instagram.com/bbcbitesize/\\\">Get updates on Instagram\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\\u003cp>\\u003ca href=\\\"https://bbcteach.edcowebsites.co.uk/\\\">Are you a teacher? Subscribe to the free BBC Teach email service\\u003c/a>\\u003c/p>\",\"groupPosition\":9}},{\"data\":null},{\"data\":null}]]}},\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"isPersonalised\":false,\"hasFetcher\":true},\"language-selector?host=www.bbc.co.uk&language=en-GB&withDivider=true\":{\"name\":\"language-selector\",\"props\":{\"withDivider\":true,\"host\":\"www.bbc.co.uk\",\"language\":\"en-GB\"},\"data\":{},\"importance\":\"SECONDARY\",\"isPersonalised\":false,\"hasFetcher\":false},\"global-footer?country=sg&language=en-GB&service=bitesize\":{\"name\":\"global-footer\",\"props\":{\"country\":\"sg\",\"language\":\"en-GB\",\"service\":\"bitesize\"},\"data\":{\"accessibilityLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Skip to content\",\"url\":\"#main-heading\"},{\"label\":\"Accessibility Help\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/\"}],\"signInLabel\":\"Sign in\",\"accountLabel\":\"Your account\",\"forYouLabel\":\"For you\",\"forYouUrl\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/foryou\",\"menuLabel\":\"Menu\",\"moreLabel\":\"More\",\"moreMenuLabel\":\"More menu\",\"closeButtonLabel\":\"Close menu\",\"disclaimer\":{\"text\":\"© 2024 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidance/feeds-and-links\",\"text\":\"Read about our approach to external linking.\"}},\"legalLinks\":[{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/usingthebbc/terms\",\"label\":\"Terms of Use\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc\",\"label\":\"About the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/privacy\",\"label\":\"Privacy Policy\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/usingthebbc/cookies\",\"label\":\"Cookies\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility\",\"label\":\"Accessibility Help\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/guidance\",\"label\":\"Parental Guidance\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/contact\",\"label\":\"Contact the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcnewsletter\",\"label\":\"Get Personalised Newsletters\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/help-41670342\",\"label\":\"Why you can trust the BBC\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/advertisingcontact/\",\"label\":\"Advertise with us\"},{\"opens\":\"privacy-management\",\"label\":\"Do not share or sell my info\"}],\"navigationType\":\"Commercial Legacy\",\"homepageLink\":{\"label\":\"BBC Homepage\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com\"},\"searchLink\":{\"label\":\"Search Bitesize\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/search?d=BITESIZE\"},\"chameleonSearchLink\":{\"label\":\"Search Bitesize\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/search\"},\"navigationLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Home\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com\",\"accent\":\"#007BC7\"},{\"label\":\"News\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/news\",\"accent\":\"#BB1919\"},{\"label\":\"Sport\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/sport\",\"accent\":\"#FFD230\"},{\"label\":\"Earth\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future/earth\",\"accent\":\"#AAFF00\"},{\"label\":\"Reel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/reel\",\"accent\":\"#0068FF\"},{\"label\":\"Worklife\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/worklife\",\"accent\":\"#0052A1\"},{\"label\":\"Travel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/travel\",\"accent\":\"#589E50\"},{\"label\":\"Culture\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture\",\"accent\":\"#482878\"},{\"label\":\"Future\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future\",\"accent\":\"#002856\"},{\"label\":\"Music\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture/music\"},{\"label\":\"TV\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/p00fzl9m\"},{\"label\":\"Weather\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/weather\",\"accent\":\"#88CCEE\"},{\"label\":\"Sounds\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds\",\"accent\":\"#FF4900\"}],\"chameleonNavigationLinks\":[{\"label\":\"Home\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com\"},{\"label\":\"News\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/news\",\"accent\":\"#EB1212\"},{\"label\":\"Sport\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/sport\",\"accent\":\"#FFD230\"},{\"label\":\"Earth\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future/earth\",\"accent\":\"#AAFF00\"},{\"label\":\"Reel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/reel\",\"accent\":\"#0068FF\"},{\"label\":\"Worklife\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/worklife\",\"accent\":\"#0052A1\"},{\"label\":\"Travel\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/travel\",\"accent\":\"#589E50\"},{\"label\":\"Culture\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture\",\"accent\":\"#482878\"},{\"label\":\"Future\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/future\",\"accent\":\"#002856\"},{\"label\":\"Music\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/culture/music\"},{\"label\":\"TV\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/p00fzl9m\"},{\"label\":\"Weather\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.com/weather\",\"accent\":\"#149EDC\"},{\"label\":\"Sounds\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds\",\"accent\":\"#FA6400\"}]},\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"isPersonalised\":false,\"hasFetcher\":true}},\"page\":{\"metadata\":{\"title\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"description\":\"BBC Page\"},\"featureToggles\":{},\"entry\":{\"pageLayout\":{\"name\":\"OneColumnWithHero\"},\"pageContent\":{\"zones\":[{\"name\":\"top\",\"landmarks\":[{\"element\":\"header\",\"containers\":[{\"name\":\"consent-banner\",\"importance\":\"TERTIARY\",\"hasFetcher\":true,\"props\":[]},{\"name\":\"global-navigation\",\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"hasFetcher\":true,\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"showServiceIdentifiers\",\"value\":false},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"language\",\"value\":\"en-GB\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"country\",\"value\":\"sg\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"lookup\":\"page.destination\",\"name\":\"currentPageAnalyticsDestination\",\"store\":\"analytics\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"showServiceIdentifiers\",\"store\":\"global-navigation\",\"lookup\":\"showServiceIdentifiers\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"pageAnalytics\",\"store\":\"analytics\",\"lookup\":\"page\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreWriter\",\"name\":\"setPageAnalytics\",\"store\":\"analytics\",\"lookup\":\"page\"}],\"levers\":{\"servicePalette\":\"serviceNeutralLight\",\"corePalette\":\"light\",\"fontPalette\":\"sansSimple\"},\"fetchParams\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"country\",\"value\":\"sg\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"language\",\"value\":\"en-GB\"},{\"__typename\":\"RouteParam\",\"name\":\"service\",\"lookup\":\"service\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"service\",\"value\":\"bitesize\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"variant\",\"store\":\"global-navigation\",\"lookup\":\"variant\"}]},{\"name\":\"product-navigation\",\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"hasFetcher\":true,\"props\":[],\"fetchParams\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"product\",\"value\":\"bitesize\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"assetUri\",\"value\":\"/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"showProductNavigation\",\"value\":true},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"withExpandedHitArea\",\"value\":true},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"country\",\"value\":\"sg\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"language\",\"value\":\"en-GB\"}]},{\"name\":\"header\",\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"hasFetcher\":true,\"fetchParams\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"urn\",\"value\":\"urn:bbc:isite2:file_id:blocks-bitesize:zgd682p\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"resourceType\",\"value\":\"article\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"actionType\",\"value\":\"favourite\"}],\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"service\",\"value\":\"bitesize\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"headline\",\"value\":\"How to revise with the BBC Bitesize app\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"actionButton\",\"value\":{\"favourite\":{\"success\":\"Saved\",\"enabled\":\"Save to My Bitesize\",\"enabledHover\":\"Save to My Bitesize\",\"enabledActive\":\"Saving\",\"successActive\":\"Removing\",\"successHover\":\"Remove from My Bitesize\",\"signedOut\":\"Save to My Bitesize\"},\"trackingLabels\":{\"success\":\"Saved\",\"enabled\":\"Save to My Bitesize\",\"enabledHover\":\"Save to My Bitesize\",\"enabledActive\":\"Saving\",\"successActive\":\"Removing\",\"successHover\":\"Remove from My Bitesize\",\"signedOut\":\"Save to My Bitesize\"}}},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"contextLabels\",\"value\":0},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"backgroundImage\",\"value\":{\"url\":\"https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/website/assets/static/bitesize/core-sparks.ef955ae0fcfb0355f22a.svg\",\"size\":\"cover\",\"verticalMargin\":0}},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"backgroundColour\",\"value\":\"963CE1\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"metadataLabel\",\"value\":\"Part of\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"metadataItems\",\"value\":[{\"label\":\"Learn & revise\",\"url\":\"/bitesize/learn\"}]},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"shouldWrap\",\"value\":true},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"zid\",\"value\":\"zgd682p\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"env\",\"value\":\"live\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"language\",\"value\":\"en-GB\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreWriter\",\"name\":\"setSignInPrompt\",\"lookup\":\"signInPrompt\",\"store\":\"bbcAccount\"}]}]}],\"additionalProperties\":{}},{\"name\":\"hero\",\"landmarks\":[],\"additionalProperties\":{}},{\"name\":\"standard\",\"landmarks\":[{\"element\":\"main\",\"containers\":[{\"name\":\"sign-in-prompt\",\"importance\":\"TERTIARY\",\"hasFetcher\":false,\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"signInPrompt\",\"lookup\":\"signInPrompt\",\"store\":\"bbcAccount\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"pageType\",\"lookup\":\"pageType\",\"store\":\"bbcAccount\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"service\",\"lookup\":\"service\",\"store\":\"bbcAccount\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"useExperimentCountingLogic\",\"value\":false},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"disableAutomaticSignInPrompt\",\"value\":true},{\"__typename\":\"StoreWriter\",\"name\":\"setSignInPrompt\",\"lookup\":\"signInPrompt\",\"store\":\"bbcAccount\"}]},{\"name\":\"education-article\",\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"layout\":{\"name\":\"Wrap\"},\"hasFetcher\":true,\"fetchParams\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"dataType\",\"value\":\"education-article\"},{\"__typename\":\"RouteParam\",\"name\":\"topicId\",\"lookup\":\"topicId\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"preview\",\"value\":false},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"urn\",\"value\":\"urn:bbc:isite2:file_id:blocks-bitesize:zgd682p\"}],\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"enableIntersectionObserver\",\"value\":true},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"resourceType\",\"value\":\"article\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"env\",\"value\":\"live\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"storeGameVersion\",\"lookup\":\"gameVersion\",\"store\":\"game\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"path\",\"value\":\"/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\"}]}]}],\"additionalProperties\":{}},{\"name\":\"bottom\",\"landmarks\":[{\"element\":\"footer\",\"containers\":[{\"name\":\"language-selector\",\"importance\":\"SECONDARY\",\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"withDivider\",\"value\":true},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"host\",\"value\":\"www.bbc.co.uk\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"language\",\"value\":\"en-GB\"}]},{\"name\":\"global-footer\",\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"hasFetcher\":true,\"props\":[],\"fetchParams\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"country\",\"value\":\"sg\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"language\",\"value\":\"en-GB\"},{\"__typename\":\"RouteParam\",\"name\":\"service\",\"lookup\":\"service\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"service\",\"value\":\"bitesize\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"variant\",\"store\":\"global-navigation\",\"lookup\":\"variant\"}]}]}],\"additionalProperties\":{}}]},\"levers\":{\"servicePalette\":\"bitesizeLight\",\"corePalette\":\"light\",\"fontPalette\":\"sansPlayful\"},\"stores\":[{\"name\":\"analytics\",\"type\":\"InMemory\",\"initialState\":{\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"page\",\"value\":{\"destination\":\"BITESIZE\",\"producer\":\"PS_BITESIZE\",\"language\":\"en\",\"contentId\":\"urn:bbc:isite:id:blocks-bitesize.08eb7b76-7c13-4e6d-a000-1d2dc3602cd6\",\"section\":\"learn\",\"name\":\"bitesize.articles.zgd682p.page\",\"contentType\":\"article\",\"additionalProperties\":{\"page_tags\":\"\",\"entity_title\":\"how_to_revise_with_the_bbc_bitesize_app\"}}},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"sections\",\"value\":[\"bitesize\"]}]}},{\"name\":\"userLocationData\",\"type\":\"InMemory\",\"initialState\":{\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"userLocationData\",\"value\":{}}]}},{\"name\":\"metadata\",\"type\":\"InMemory\",\"initialState\":{\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"metadata\",\"value\":{\"title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\",\"description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"linkTags\":[{\"rel\":\"canonical\",\"href\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\"}],\"metaTags\":[],\"openGraph\":{\"og:title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\",\"og:description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"og:site_name\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"og:locale\":\"en_GB\",\"og:url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"og:image\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"og:image:secure_url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"og:image:width\":1200,\"og:image:alt\":\"\",\"og:type\":\"article\"},\"twitterCard\":{\"twitter:card\":\"summary_large_image\",\"twitter:creator\":\"@bbcbitesize\",\"twitter:description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"twitter:image\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"twitter:image:alt\":\"\",\"twitter:site\":\"@bbcbitesize\",\"twitter:title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\"},\"serviceIcons\":\"bitesize\",\"schemaOrg\":{\"@context\":\"http://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"Article\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/d72f/live/cb15dc10-14ce-11ee-816c-eb33efffe2a0.png\"}},\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-23T08:57:31.582Z\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-02T14:46:12.274Z\",\"description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"headline\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"width\":480,\"height\":270,\"url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"author\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/d72f/live/cb15dc10-14ce-11ee-816c-eb33efffe2a0.png\"}}}}}]}},{\"name\":\"game\",\"type\":\"InMemory\",\"initialState\":{\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"gameVersion\"}]}},{\"name\":\"bbcAccount\",\"type\":\"InMemory\",\"initialState\":{\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"signInPrompt\",\"value\":{\"show\":false,\"userOrigin\":null,\"ptrt\":null}},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"pageType\",\"value\":\"content\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"service\",\"value\":\"bitesize\"}]}}]},\"addons\":[{\"name\":\"analytics\",\"importance\":\"TERTIARY\",\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"page\",\"lookup\":\"page\",\"store\":\"analytics\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"title\",\"lookup\":\"title\",\"store\":\"analytics\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"sections\",\"lookup\":\"sections\",\"store\":\"analytics\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"type\",\"lookup\":\"type\",\"store\":\"analytics\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"isUkCombined\",\"lookup\":\"userLocationData.isUkCombined\",\"store\":\"userLocationData\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"authors\",\"lookup\":\"authors\",\"store\":\"analytics\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"isAppRoute\",\"value\":false},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"skipLocationCheck\",\"value\":true}]},{\"name\":\"document-metadata\",\"importance\":\"PRIMARY\",\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"title\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.title\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"description\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.description\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"openGraph\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.openGraph\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"schemaOrg\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.schemaOrg\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"twitterCard\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.twitterCard\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"linkTags\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.linkTags\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"StoreReader\",\"name\":\"metaTags\",\"lookup\":\"metadata.metaTags\",\"store\":\"metadata\"},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"serviceIcons\",\"value\":\"bitesize\"}]},{\"name\":\"include-script-tags\",\"importance\":\"SECONDARY\",\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"scriptTags\",\"value\":[{\"src\":\"https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/website/assets/static/scripts/riddle/eba4666/riddle.119157bbe0800a744a40.js\"}]},{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"nonce\",\"value\":\"CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp\"}]},{\"name\":\"web-vitals\",\"importance\":\"TERTIARY\",\"props\":[{\"__typename\":\"LiteralProp\",\"name\":\"reportParams\",\"value\":{\"pageType\":\"webcore-bitesize\"}}]}],\"analytics\":{},\"path\":\"/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\"},\"stores\":{\"analytics\":{\"page\":{\"destination\":\"BITESIZE\",\"producer\":\"PS_BITESIZE\",\"language\":\"en\",\"contentId\":\"urn:bbc:isite:id:blocks-bitesize.08eb7b76-7c13-4e6d-a000-1d2dc3602cd6\",\"section\":\"learn\",\"name\":\"bitesize.articles.zgd682p.page\",\"contentType\":\"article\",\"additionalProperties\":{\"page_tags\":\"\",\"entity_title\":\"how_to_revise_with_the_bbc_bitesize_app\"}},\"sections\":[\"bitesize\"]},\"userLocationData\":{\"userLocationData\":{}},\"metadata\":{\"metadata\":{\"title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\",\"description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"linkTags\":[{\"rel\":\"canonical\",\"href\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\"}],\"metaTags\":[],\"openGraph\":{\"og:title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\",\"og:description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"og:site_name\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"og:locale\":\"en_GB\",\"og:url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"og:image\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"og:image:secure_url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"og:image:width\":1200,\"og:image:alt\":\"\",\"og:type\":\"article\"},\"twitterCard\":{\"twitter:card\":\"summary_large_image\",\"twitter:creator\":\"@bbcbitesize\",\"twitter:description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"twitter:image\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"twitter:image:alt\":\"\",\"twitter:site\":\"@bbcbitesize\",\"twitter:title\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\"},\"serviceIcons\":\"bitesize\",\"schemaOrg\":{\"@context\":\"http://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"Article\",\"url\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/d72f/live/cb15dc10-14ce-11ee-816c-eb33efffe2a0.png\"}},\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-23T08:57:31.582Z\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-02T14:46:12.274Z\",\"description\":\"Get access to free GCSE flashcards and GCSE, National 4 and 5, Higher and TGAU revision resources with the BBC Bitesize App available on iOS and Android.\",\"headline\":\"Download the BBC Bitesize app for GCSE 2025 revision flashcards - BBC Bitesize\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"width\":480,\"height\":270,\"url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1200xn/p0fl5m9n.jpg\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":\"https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zgd682p\",\"author\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"BBC Bitesize\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/d72f/live/cb15dc10-14ce-11ee-816c-eb33efffe2a0.png\"}}}}},\"game\":{},\"bbcAccount\":{\"signInPrompt\":{\"show\":false,\"userOrigin\":null,\"ptrt\":null},\"pageType\":\"content\",\"service\":\"bitesize\"}},\"route\":\"/bitesize/articles/:id\"}";</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp">window.__REQUEST_CONTEXT__="{\"queryStringParameters\":{},\"headers\":{\"webcore-comments-enabled\":\"on\",\"language\":\"en-GB\",\"is_uk\":false,\"ctx-route-spec\":\"BitesizeArticles.Webcore\",\"ctx-dark-mode-preference\":\"on\",\"country\":\"sg\",\"belfrage-time\":\"2024-11-23T21:53:48.440439Z\",\"bbc-host\":\"www.bbc.co.uk\",\"accept-encoding\":\"gzip\",\"host\":\"www.bbc.co.uk\",\"env\":\"live\",\"nonce\":\"CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp\"},\"isAppRoute\":false}";</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp">window.__ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLES__="{\"disableChartbeat\":false,\"reportingEndpoint\":\"https://webcore.bbc-reporting-api.app/report-endpoint\",\"webVitalsSampleRate\":20}";</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="application/json" id="modern__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS__">[774,1463,7897,7167,7053,8926,4140,8549,6593,9693,4636,7119,7040,9659,9366,6608,8538,8035,5925,4358,4006,8915,5449,690,3421,3309,8023,7812,2330,6974,7861,5866]</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="application/json" id="modern__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS___ext">{"namedChunks":["website-containers-global-navigation-index","design-system-svgs-account-index","design-system-svgs-actions-index","website-containers-product-navigation-index","design-system-svgs-logo-index","website-containers-header-index","design-system-svgs-personalisation-index","design-system-svgs-playback-avkx-index","website-containers-education-article-index","design-system-svgs-arrows-index","website-containers-language-selector-index","website-containers-global-footer-index","website-addons-document-metadata-index","website-addons-include-script-tags-index"]}</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-defaultVendors.858a9ae08e5e618c8f05.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-gel.f48d178214a6e324f398.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-website.3ae3918d2de9ad71895b.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-base-website.6ed9e7c29ba88bc59506.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-framework.2b0b305924b5e29d85ae.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-pwa.bd0a365344c08f1a9af5.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-global-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-vendor-optimizely.454075bd17d478fe6a59.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-global-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-call-to-action-link.d4c4512b7a5ba0adb9c8.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-global-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-global-navigation.162cfb2925ab088c75c8.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-global-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-global-navigation.8c68f073834a5ceaf395.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-product-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-product-navigation.c78f55cdfe78516788f9.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-product-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-masthead.6a77561b9897bb2ad400.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-product-navigation-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-product-navigation.fcccb32c0648bb081856.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-header-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-information-panel.1190770db32739ba6a68.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-header-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-uas-button.ffe42aa043c1cff33960.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-header-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-education-article.da1d54f83e447b87b2c0.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-header-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-header.8a3d2722b6c673b2417e.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-metadata-snippet.ce47458a886be2e19fbe.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-metadata-strip.f633731e1afba6ed8946.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-page-type-indicator.a4b2c90c90018f86614d.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-promo.94e446b83388fc940d96.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-additional-links.fb74e63b1ade50787571.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-media-player.25de4a2489eeb4d4e430.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-rich-text.160e461f2c1e9c693287.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-sign-in-call-to-action.146c902deae87c2ab4d5.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-accordion.c9076df80ec8f810a22d.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-sign-in-prompt.d253b41928f3a27d8272.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-riddle.8bb3ceab267e56602b7a.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-storyboard.6e58438c1c4eae30947a.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-education-article-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-sidebar-navigation.b9f05fc227a920c6c4f4.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-language-selector-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-component-forms.4ee2e37ccf7d8c137118.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-language-selector-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-language-selector.766a13ab35c74a57360f.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" type="module" async="" data-chunk="website-containers-global-footer-index" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-global-footer.4af8aa9b9ba55373d579.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" nomodule="" id="legacy__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS__" type="application/json">[463,593]</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" nomodule="" id="legacy__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS___ext" type="application/json">{"namedChunks":["website-containers-global-navigation-index","design-system-svgs-account-index","design-system-svgs-actions-index","website-containers-product-navigation-index","design-system-svgs-logo-index","website-containers-header-index","design-system-svgs-personalisation-index","design-system-svgs-playback-avkx-index","website-containers-education-article-index","design-system-svgs-arrows-index","website-containers-language-selector-index","website-containers-global-footer-index","website-addons-document-metadata-index","website-addons-include-script-tags-index"]}</script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" nomodule="" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-defaultVendors.cbbca8f6c5a7872d2b39.legacy.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" nomodule="" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-framework.bd35b7617921f21838f9.legacy.js"></script><script nonce="CJULJGJEj4ml2fAwu1RqEdADUO2uSl9aMAjNqRcni2zNm0BFGp" crossorigin="anonymous" nomodule="" async="" data-chunk="pwa" src="https://static.files.bbci.co.uk/core/bundle-pwa.057dc66bbd7e791dd8d4.legacy.js"></script></body></html>