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(懈薪械屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔.) 胁械褖械褋褌胁褍褋褌邪薪邪胁谢懈胁邪械褌褋褟锌芯芯褌褋褍褌褋褌胁懈褞褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉薪褘褏写谢褟泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢芯胁写懈褎褉邪泻褑. 屑邪泻褋懈屑褍屑芯胁薪邪褉械薪褌谐械薪芯-, 薪械泄褌褉芯薪芯- 懈褝谢械泻褌褉芯薪芯谐褉邪屑屑邪褏芯斜褉邪蟹褑芯胁. 袨褋薪. 屑械褌芯写褘锌芯谢褍褔械薪懈褟袗. 屑.: 1) 斜褘褋褌褉芯械芯褏谢邪卸写械薪懈械 (褋芯褋泻芯褉芯褋褌褟屑懈 <em>q</em><em>/</em><em>10<sup>5</sup></em>-<em>10<sup>6</sup></em> 袣/褋) 卸懈写泻芯谐芯褉邪褋锌谢邪胁邪; 锌芯谢褍褔邪褞褖懈械褋褟邪屑芯褉褎薪褘械褋锌谢邪胁褘薪邪蟹. <em>屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔械褋泻懈屑懈褋褌褢泻谢邪屑懈$</em> 2) 泻芯薪写械薪褋邪褑懈褟锌邪褉芯胁懈谢懈薪邪锌褘谢械薪懈械邪褌芯屑芯胁薪邪褏芯谢芯写薪褍褞锌芯写谢芯卸泻褍褋芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪懈械屑褌芯薪泻懈褏锌谢褢薪芯泻袗. 屑.; 3) 邪谢械泻褌褉芯褏懈屑. 芯褋邪卸写械薪懈械; 4) 芯斜谢褍褔械薪懈械泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈褔. 屑械褌邪谢谢芯胁懈薪褌械薪褋懈胁薪褘屑懈锌芯褌芯泻邪屑懈懈芯薪芯胁懈谢懈薪械泄褌褉芯薪芯胁.<br> </p> <p> 袗. 屑.- 屑械褌邪褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪褘械褋懈褋褌械屑褘, 褌械褉屑芯写懈薪邪屑懈褔械褋泻懈薪械褍褋褌芯泄褔懈胁褘械芯褌薪芯褋懈褌械谢褜薪芯锌褉芯褑械褋褋邪 <em><a href="articles/part_1/1828.html">泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈蟹邪褑懈懈</a>;</em> 懈褏褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈械芯斜褍褋谢芯胁谢械薪芯褌芯谢褜泻芯蟹邪屑械写谢械薪薪芯褋褌褜褞泻懈薪械褌懈褔. 锌褉芯褑械褋褋芯胁锌褉懈薪懈蟹泻懈褏褌械屑锌-pax. 小褌邪斜懈谢懈蟹邪褑懈懈袗. 屑. 褋锌芯褋芯斜褋褌胁褍械褌薪邪谢懈褔懈械褌. 薪. 邪屑芯褉褎懈蟹懈褉褍褞褖懈褏锌褉懈屑械褋械泄. 孝邪泻, 邪屑芯褉褎薪褘械锌谢褢薪泻懈懈蟹褔懈褋褌褘褏屑械褌邪谢谢芯胁蟹薪邪褔懈褌械谢褜薪芯屑械薪械械褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪褘, 褔械屑锌谢褢薪泻懈懈蟹褋锌谢邪胁芯胁, 邪写谢褟锌芯谢褍褔械薪懈褟屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢懈蟹褔懈褋褌褘褏屑械褌邪谢谢芯胁褌褉械斜褍褞褌褋褟芯褔械薪褜斜芯谢褜褕懈械褋泻芯褉芯褋褌懈芯褏谢邪卸写械薪懈褟 (~10<sup>10</sup> 袣/褋).<br> </p> <p> 袧邪懈斜芯谢褜褕懈泄懈薪褌械褉械褋锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢褟褞褌屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔械褋泻懈械褋褌褢泻谢邪, 胁锌械褉胁褘械锌芯谢褍褔械薪薪褘械胁 1960. 袨褋薪芯胁薪褘械泻谢邪褋褋褘屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔械褋泻懈褏褋褌褢泻芯谢: 褋懈褋褌械屑褘 M<sub>1-x</sub>Y<sub>x</sub>, 谐写械袦 - 锌械褉械褏芯写薪褘泄懈谢懈斜谢邪谐芯褉芯写薪褘泄屑械褌邪谢谢, Y - 邪屑芯褉褎懈蟹懈-褉褍褞褖懈泄薪械屑械褌邪谢谢, <img src="articles/part_1/p1/111994-177.jpg" alt="111994-177.jpg" align="absmiddle"> [薪邪锌褉懈屑械褉, Pd-Si, Fe-袙, (Fe, Ni)-(P, 小)] 懈褋锌谢邪胁褘锌械褉械褏芯写薪褘褏屑械褌邪谢谢芯胁 (孝i- Ni, Zr-小u) 懈谢懈写褉褍谐懈褏屑械褌邪谢谢芯胁 (La-Ni, Ga-Al, Mg-Zn) 胁薪械泻-褉褘褏懈薪褌械褉胁邪谢邪褏褋芯褋褌邪胁芯胁 [1-3]. 袦薪.. 屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻谢邪芯斜谢邪写邪褞褌褍薪懈泻邪谢褜薪褘屑懈屑械褏邪薪懈褔., 屑邪谐薪. 懈褏懈屑. 褋胁芯泄褋褌胁邪屑懈. 袩褉械写械谢褘褌械泻褍褔械褋褌懈懈锌褉芯褔薪芯褋褌懈写谢褟褉褟写邪屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢芯褔械薪褜胁褘褋芯泻懈懈斜谢懈蟹泻懈泻褌. 薪. 褌械芯褉械褌懈褔. 锌褉械写械谢邪屑. 袙褌芯卸械胁褉械屑褟屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻谢邪芯斜谢邪写邪褞褌胁褘褋芯泻芯泄锌谢邪褋褌懈褔薪芯褋褌褜褞, 褔褌芯褉械蟹泻芯芯褌谢懈褔邪械褌懈褏芯褌写懈褝谢械泻褌褉懈褔. 懈锌芯谢褍锌褉芯胁芯写薪懈泻芯胁褘褏褋褌褢泻芯谢. 袦薪. 屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻谢邪锌褉懈胁褘褋芯泻芯泄屑械褏邪薪懈褔. 锌褉芯褔薪芯褋褌懈褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉懈蟹褍褞褌褋褟斜芯谢褜褕芯泄薪邪褔. 屑邪谐薪. 胁芯褋锌褉懈懈屑褔懈胁芯褋褌褜褞, 屑邪谢褘屑懈蟹薪邪褔械薪懈褟屑懈泻芯褝褉褑懈褌懈胁薪褘褏褋懈谢 (写芯薪械褋泻. 袦协) 懈锌褉邪泻褌懈褔械褋泻懈锌芯谢薪褘屑芯褌褋褍褌褋褌胁懈械屑屑邪谐薪. 谐懈褋褌械褉械蟹懈褋邪. 袣芯褉褉芯蟹懈芯薪薪邪褟褋褌芯泄泻芯褋褌褜薪械泻-褉褘褏屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢薪邪薪械褋泻. 锌芯褉褟写泻芯胁胁褘褕械, 褔械屑褍谢褍褔褕懈褏薪械褉卸邪胁械褞褖懈褏褋褌邪谢械泄. 小褉械写懈写褉. 褍薪懈泻邪谢褜薪褘褏芯褋芯斜械薪薪芯褋褌械泄屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢 - 褋谢邪斜芯械锌芯谐谢芯褖械薪懈械蟹胁褍泻邪, 泻邪褌邪谢懈褌懈褔. 褋胁芯泄褋褌胁邪 [1, 2, 4].<br> </p> <p> 袨褋薪. 芯褋芯斜械薪薪芯褋褌懈屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢, 锌芯-胁懈写懈屑芯屑褍, 褋胁褟蟹邪薪褘褋懈褏胁褘褋芯泻芯泄屑懈泻褉芯褋泻芯锌懈褔. 芯写薪芯褉芯写薪芯褋褌褜褞, 褌. 械. 芯褌褋褍褌褋褌胁懈械屑 <em><a href="articles/part_1/0980.html">写械褎械泻褌芯胁</a></em> 褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉褘褌懈锌邪屑械卸蟹褢褉械薪薪褘褏谐褉邪薪懈褑, <em><a href="articles/part_1/1036.html">写懈褋谢芯泻邪褑懈泄</a></em> 懈褌. 锌. 袛械褌邪谢褜薪邪褟褌械芯褉懈褟, 芯斜褗褟褋薪褟褞褖邪褟褋胁芯泄褋褌胁邪懈褟胁谢械薪懈褟胁屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻谢邪褏, 薪械褉邪蟹胁懈褌邪.<br> </p> <p> 孝械褉屑芯褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪芯褋褌褜屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉懈蟹褍褞褌褌. 薪. 褌械屑锌-褉芯泄泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈蟹邪褑懈懈 <em>孝<sub>泻褉懈褋褌</sub></em> (锌褉懈泻-褉芯泄芯褌卸懈谐胁褌械褔械薪懈械 1 褔锌褉懈胁芯写懈褌锌褉邪泻褌懈褔械褋泻懈泻锌芯谢薪芯泄泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈蟹邪褑懈懈芯斜褉邪蟹褑邪). <em>孝<sub>泻褉懈褋褌</sub></em> 胁邪褉褜懈褉褍械褌褋褟胁锌褉械写械谢邪褏 300-1000 袣 (写谢褟薪邪懈斜芯谢械械褉邪褋锌褉芯褋褌褉邪薪褢薪薪褘褏褋褌褢泻芯谢 600-800 袣). 袦械褌邪谢谢懈褔械褋泻懈械褋褌褢泻谢邪锌褉邪泻褌懈褔械褋泻懈褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪褘锌褉懈 <img src="articles/part_1/p1/111994-178.jpg" alt="111994-178.jpg" align="absmiddle"> - 200 袣. 袙褉械屑械薪邪泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈蟹邪褑懈懈锌褉懈褝褌芯屑芯褑械薪懈胁邪褞褌褋褟胁褋芯褌薪懈谢械褌. 袪邪蟹褉邪斜芯褌邪薪褉褟写褋锌芯褋芯斜芯胁锌褉芯懈蟹-胁邪屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻芯谢, 胁褔邪褋褌薪芯褋褌懈谢懈褌褜褢褋褌褉褍懈褉邪褋锌谢邪胁谢械薪薪芯谐芯屑械褌邪谢谢邪薪邪斜褘褋褌褉芯胁褉邪褖邪褞褖褍褞褋褟褏芯谢芯写薪褍褞锌芯写谢芯卸泻褍. 袩褉懈褝褌芯屑胁 1 屑懈薪锌褉芯懈蟹胁芯写懈褌褋褟写芯 1-2 泻屑谢械薪褌褘褌芯谢褖懈薪芯泄 20- 100 屑泻屑, 褕懈褉懈薪芯泄 2-100 屑屑; 写谢懈薪邪褌邪泻芯泄谢械薪褌褘锌褉邪泻褌懈褔械褋泻懈薪械芯谐褉邪薪懈褔械薪薪邪 [1, 2, 4].<br> </p> <p> 袗屑芯褉褎薪褘械屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 锌谢褢薪泻懈, 锌芯谢褍褔械薪薪褘械芯褋邪卸写械薪懈械屑屑械褌邪谢谢邪懈蟹锌邪褉芯芯斜褉邪蟹薪芯谐芯褋芯褋褌芯褟薪懈褟薪邪褏芯谢芯写薪褍褞锌芯写谢芯卸泻褍, 芯斜褘褔薪芯屑械薪械械褌械褉屑芯褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪褘, 褔械屑屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻谢邪, 懈泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈蟹褍褞褌褋褟锌褉懈 <img src="articles/part_1/p1/111994-179.jpg" alt="111994-179.jpg" align="absmiddle"> 袣. 袠褋泻谢褞褔械薪懈械褋芯褋褌邪胁谢褟褞褌褌.薪. 邪屑芯褉褎芯芯斜褉邪蟹褍褞褖懈械褋锌谢邪胁褘, 锌芯谢褍褔邪械屑褘械锌芯褋谢芯泄薪褘屑薪邪锌褘谢械薪懈械屑芯褌写. 泻芯屑锌芯薪械薪褌 (胁胁懈写械屑芯薪芯褋谢芯褢胁). 袩芯褌械褉屑芯褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪芯褋褌懈芯薪懈斜谢懈蟹泻懈泻屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔. 褋褌褢泻谢邪屑. 小褉芯褋褌芯屑褌芯谢褖懈薪褘褋褌邪斜懈谢褜薪芯褋褌褜锌谢褢薪芯泻芯斜褘褔薪芯锌邪写邪械褌. 袧邪懈斜. 懈蟹褍褔械薪褘懈褏褝谢械泻褌褉懈褔. 懈褋胁械褉褏锌褉芯胁芯写褟褖懈械褋胁芯泄褋褌胁邪 [5]. 孝械屑锌-褉邪褋胁械褉褏锌褉芯胁芯写褟褖懈褏锌械褉械褏芯写芯胁胁袗. 屑. 屑芯卸械褌斜褘褌褜泻邪泻胁褘褕械, 褌邪泻懈薪懈卸械, 褔械屑胁泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢懈褔. 胁械褖械褋褌胁邪褏褌芯谐芯卸械褋芯褋褌邪胁邪. 袣芯褉褉芯蟹懈芯薪薪邪褟褋褌芯泄泻芯褋褌褜邪屑芯褉褎薪褘褏锌谢褢薪芯泻芯斜褘褔薪芯胁褘褕械, 褔械屑泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢芯胁. 袧芯胁褑械谢芯屑懈褏褎懈蟹. 褋胁芯泄褋褌胁邪懈蟹褍褔械薪褘褋谢邪斜芯. 袝褖褢胁斜芯谢褜褕械泄褋褌械锌械薪懈褝褌芯芯褌薪芯褋懈褌褋褟泻袗. 屑., 锌芯谢褍褔械薪薪褘屑褝谢械泻褌褉芯褏懈屑. 芯褋邪卸写械薪懈械屑懈谢懈褉邪写懈邪褑. 胁芯蟹写械泄褋褌胁懈械屑薪邪泻褉懈褋褌邪谢谢褘.<br> </p> <p> 袥懈褌.: 1) 袦械褌邪谢谢懈褔械褋泻懈械褋褌械泻谢邪, 锌械褉. 褋邪薪谐谢., 袦., 1983; 2) 小h械n H. S., Glassy metals, "Repts Progr. Phys.", 1980, v. 43, p. 353; 3) Giessen B. C., Whang S., Formation and characterization of amorphous metals, "J. Phys. Colloque 小-8", 1980, v. 41, p. 85; 4) Gilman J. J., Overview of the technology and significance of metallic glasses, 褌邪屑卸械, 褉. 811; 5) 袣芯屑薪懈泻挟. 肖., 肖懈蟹懈泻邪屑械褌邪谢谢懈褔械褋泻懈褏锌谢械薪芯泻, 袦., 1979. 袙. 袚. <em>袙邪泻褋</em>.<br> </p> <p> <b></b></P> <div class="blue_border"></div> <p class="next-prev"><a rel="prev" href="articles/part_1/0106.html">   <<   </a>  <a rel="index" href="index1.html"> 袩褉械写屑械褌薪褘泄褍泻邪蟹邪褌械谢褜 </a>  <a rel="next" href="articles/part_1/0108.html">   >>   </a></p> </div> </div>  <div class="both"></div> <div class="blue_border"></div> <div class="footer_separator"></div> <div class="footer"> <div class="copyright">漏 femto.com.ua <br> <img src="files/images/mailabs.gif" align="absmiddle" border="0"> webmaster@femto.com.ua</div> </div> </div> </body> </html>

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