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<div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-制度比較" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#制度比較"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>制度比較</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-制度比較-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-实际运用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#实际运用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>实际运用</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-实际运用-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关实际运用子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-实际运用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中华人民共和国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中华人民共和国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>中华人民共和国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中华人民共和国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-苏联" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#苏联"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>苏联</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-苏联-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-越南" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#越南"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>越南</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-越南-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-朝鲜" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#朝鲜"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>朝鲜</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-朝鲜-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-法国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#法国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>法国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-法国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-示例" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#示例"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>示例</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-示例-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">集体领导</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。11种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="قيادة جماعية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قيادة جماعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kollektivt_lederskab" title="Kollektivt lederskab – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kollektivt lederskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Collective leadership" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kollekt%C3%ADv_vezet%C3%A9s" title="Kollektív vezetés – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kollektív vezetés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepemimpinan_bersama" title="Kepemimpinan bersama – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepemimpinan bersama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%91%EB%8B%A8%EC%A7%80%EB%8F%84%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="집단지도체제 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="집단지도체제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%85%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="စုပေါင်းခေါင်းဆောင်မှုစနစ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="စုပေါင်းခေါင်းဆောင်မှုစနစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kollektivt_lederskap" title="Kollektivt lederskap – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kollektivt lederskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lideran%C3%A7a_coletiva" title="Liderança coletiva – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Liderança coletiva" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolektif_liderlik" title="Kolektif liderlik – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kolektif liderlik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_th%E1%BB%83_l%C3%A3nh_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1o" title="Tập thể lãnh đạo – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tập thể lãnh đạo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5146169#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" 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hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:上传" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&oldid=85659592" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&id=85659592&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%259B%2586%25E4%25BD%2593%25E9%25A2%2586%25E5%25AF%25BC"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%259B%2586%25E4%25BD%2593%25E9%25A2%2586%25E5%25AF%25BC"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5146169" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 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.mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2014年1月27日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%22">"集体领导"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治">政治主題</a>的一部分</b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#ccc;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="政体形式列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of forms of government"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政体形式列表（页面不存在）">政体基本形式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government" class="extiw" title="en:List of forms of government"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of forms of government</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会权力基础" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="French and Raven's bases of power"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会权力基础（页面不存在）">权力基础</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Raven%27s_bases_of_power" class="extiw" title="en:French and Raven's bases of power"><span lang="en" dir="auto">French and Raven's bases of power</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主政体</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>多数人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E7%AD%BE%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="抽签式民主">抽签民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="直接民主">直接民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AD%B0%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="代議民主">代议民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="电子民主">电子民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會民主主義">社会民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="社会主义民主制">社会主义民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="贵族民主制">貴族民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="民主制度分类">其他民主政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E5%A4%B4%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="寡头政治">寡头政治</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>少数人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%AF%E9%85%8D%E9%AB%94%E5%88%B6" title="無支配體制">无体制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="贵族政治">贵族制政体</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="劳工统治" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ergatocracy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%B3%E5%B7%A5%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劳工统治（页面不存在）">劳工制政体</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergatocracy" class="extiw" title="en:Ergatocracy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ergatocracy</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E4%BA%BA%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="老人政治">老人制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8A%E7%9B%9C%E7%B5%B1%E6%B2%BB" title="竊盜統治">盗贼制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A4%E5%AE%98%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="判官统治">判官制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%AC%8A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="神權政治">宗教制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%99%BA%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="心智政權">智主制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政黨政治">政党制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AC%8A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="金權政治">财阀制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E6%94%BF_(%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94)" title="軍政 (政體)">军阀制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="专家统治">专家制政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81" title="独裁">独裁政治</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>一个人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="专制主义">专制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94" title="獨裁政體">獨裁政體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81" title="軍事獨裁">军事独裁政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%AD%E4%B8%BB" title="僭主">僭主政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="无政府主义">无政府主义</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>没有人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" title="無政府狀態">无政府政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BD%93" title="自由人联合体">自由人政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83" title="無國家社會">无国家政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 权力思想</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="君主主義">君主制</a> 对 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共和主义">共和制</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>社会政治意识形态</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%88%E5%88%B6" title="君主專制">君主专制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="君主立宪制">君主立宪政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E5%88%B6" title="委員會制">委员会制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家">法家制度政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="议会共和制">议会共和政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%B6" title="总统制">总统共和政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%B6" title="半总统制">半总统制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="社会主义国家">社会主义政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="公司王国">金權政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="威权主义">威权制</a> 对 <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-disambig" title="自由意志主義">自由制</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>社会经济意识形态</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="无政府主义">无政府主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="殖民主义">殖民主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="专制主义">专制主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="分产主义">分产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E5%BB%BA%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6_(%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2)" title="封建制度 (歐洲)">封建主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会主义">社会主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%AC%8A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="極權主義">極權主義</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="部落主义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tribalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="部落主义（页面不存在）">部落主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribalism" class="extiw" title="en:Tribalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tribalism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86" title="全球治理">全球</a> 对 <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%88%86%E6%9D%83" title="地方分权">本地</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>地缘文化意识形态</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="公社">公社</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E9%82%A6" title="城邦">城邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%B4%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="政府间组织">政府间组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="民族國家">民族政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="世界政府">世界政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="民族主义">民族主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="国际主义">国际主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="全球主義">全球主義</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 权力结构</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center">单一主义</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E5%88%B6" title="单一制">单一制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="帝国">帝国制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="親王國">封国制</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%9E%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="從屬國">从属主义</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E7%B9%AB%E9%82%A6" title="聯繫邦">聯繫邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">属地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="自治領">自治領</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="保护国">保护国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%80%E5%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="傀儡政權">傀儡国</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E8%8A%B1%E7%93%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政治花瓶（页面不存在）">傀儡君主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%BD" title="卫星国">卫星国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="自治殖民地">自治殖民地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%B2%A2" title="朝貢">朝贡国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="缓冲国">缓冲国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%84%E5%BA%B8%E5%9C%8B" title="附庸國">附庸國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="副王领" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Viceroyalty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E7%8E%8B%E9%A2%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="副王领（页面不存在）">副王领</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty" class="extiw" title="en:Viceroyalty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Viceroyalty</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="領地">領地</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="联邦主义">联邦主义</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%81%94%E5%88%B6" title="邦联制">邦联制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超国家" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Superstate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超国家（页面不存在）">超国家制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstate" class="extiw" title="en:Superstate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Superstate</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9_(%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82)" title="超國家主義 (國際關係)">超国家联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="政合国">政合國</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B_(%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB)" title="权力 (国际关系)">国家权力</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%9C%8B" title="小國">小國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="地域大国">地域大国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AD%89%E5%BC%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="中等強國">中等強國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="大国">大国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="超级大国">超级大国</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="地方政府">地方政府</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="構成國">構成國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="自治共和國">自治共和國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="諸侯國">諸侯國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="公國">公國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E5%88%B6%E5%9C%8B" title="令制國">令制國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="酋长国">酋长国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="邦國">邦國</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1" title="郡">郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81" title="省">省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="邦">邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="縣">縣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82" title="市">市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%85_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92)" title="厅 (行政区划)">廳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鄉">鄉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="鎮">鎮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="區">區</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="自治區">自治區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%80" class="mw-disambig" title="特區">特區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="辖区">轄區</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddd;"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Politics">政治主題頁</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="Template:政体基本形式"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="Template talk:政体基本形式"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:政体基本形式"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>集体领导</b>（英語：<span lang="en">collective leadership</span>），被一些政治派别認定“一種<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E9%A0%AD%E7%B5%B1%E6%B2%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="寡頭統治">寡頭統治</a>的形式”，通常存在於<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="共產黨">共產黨</a>管理的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="社會主義國家">社會主義國家</a>裡，但资本主义国家的社会主义<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E9%BB%A8%E5%9C%98" title="歐洲議會黨團">党团</a>或党派也有实行集体领导的例子。不過，“集體領導”這個詞語本身的主旨是指：將某些“權能”從個人（比如，<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E9%A2%86%E8%A2%96" title="政党领袖">政黨領袖</a>）分配到一個集體中由多人共同決策的意思。以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="中華人民共和國政治">中華人民共和國政治</a>為例，“中央權力”被分散到<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="中国共产党中央政治局">中共中央政治局</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党中央政治局常务委员会">常委會</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记">總書記</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%A4%84" title="中国共产党中央书记处">中央書記處</a>，同時仍然保留一位最終決策者（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E9%A0%98%E5%B0%8E%E4%BA%BA" title="中華人民共和國最高領導人">最高領導人</a>）做統籌；在<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>，權力較為分散，由<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="越南共产党中央委员会总书记">黨總書記</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="越南社会主义共和国主席">國家主席</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="越南总理">政府總理</a>以及包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="越南共产党中央政治局">越共中央政治局</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%A4%84" title="越南共产党中央书记处">中央書記處</a>和中央委員會等在內的合議機構分享。在别的領域的“集體領導”的例子就不一一列舉（例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="董事會">董事會</a>）。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="制度比較"><span id=".E5.88.B6.E5.BA.A6.E6.AF.94.E8.BC.83"></span>制度比較</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：制度比較"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>集體領導採用<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E5%88%B6" title="委員會制">委員會制</a>，在集体领导模式下可能仍设有<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%86%E8%A2%96" class="mw-redirect" title="领袖">领袖</a>，但其没有最终决定权，一般只作为会议的召集人和主持人存在。集体领导被认为是一种阻止个人<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81" title="独裁">独裁</a>的领导方式，但也可能造成决策效率降低与權責歸屬不明，在非常时期一般不会采用。 </p><p>集體領導是一種介于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81" title="独裁">独裁</a>之间的制度。在集體領導中，一方面因为实行小范围内的民主，可以避免独裁；另一方面因為缺少外部的權力制衡，容易形成均質的小團體，表现<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%9B%86%E6%9D%83" title="中央集权">集權</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E5%88%B6" title="專制">專制</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="实际运用"><span id=".E5.AE.9E.E9.99.85.E8.BF.90.E7.94.A8"></span>实际运用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：实际运用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中华人民共和国"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.8D.8E.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9B.BD"></span>中华人民共和国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：中华人民共和国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="中国共产党集体领导制度">中国共产党集体领导制度</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="党和国家领导人">党和国家领导人</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="中国共产党">中国共产党</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>的领导机构权力集中在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党中央政治局常务委员会">中国共产党中央政治局常务委员会</a>，中央政治局常委现在有7位，由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记">中共中央总书记</a>作为首脑。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C" title="毛泽东">毛泽东</a>统治前期，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="中国共产党">中国共产党</a>内实施集体领导，由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%A4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="中共中央书记处">中共中央书记处</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="五大书记">五大书记</a>领导，毛泽东担任<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中国共产党中央委员会主席">中央委员会主席</a>。在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第八次全国代表大会">中共八大</a>上，重新设立中央政治局常委会，除了党主席外，还加设<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E5%89%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中國共產黨中央委員會副主席">副主席</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%9B%B8%E8%A8%98%E8%99%95%E7%B8%BD%E6%9B%B8%E8%A8%98" title="中國共產黨中央書記處總書記">总书记</a>（书记处负责人）的职务。不过到了<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="文化大革命">文化大革命</a>时期，原来的集体领导制度崩溃，曾经担任党副主席兼国家主席的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%B0%91%E5%A5%87" title="刘少奇">刘少奇</a>和中央书记处总书记的<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E5%B0%8F%E5%B9%B3" title="邓小平">邓小平</a>等人相继被打倒，毛泽东集大权于一身，甚至被<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%8C%96" title="神化">神化</a>。 </p><p>1982年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第十二次全国代表大会">中共十二大</a>上，决定党内不再设置主席和副主席的职务，以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记">中央委员会总书记</a>作为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E8%B4%9F%E8%B4%A3%E4%BA%BA" title="中共中央主要负责人">最高负责人</a>，重新确立集体领导制度。在1980年代，<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E8%80%80%E9%82%A6" title="胡耀邦">胡耀邦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E7%B4%AB%E9%98%B3" title="赵紫阳">赵紫阳</a>先后担任中共中央总书记的职务；<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%88%E5%BF%B5" title="李先念">李先念</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E5%B0%9A%E6%98%86" title="杨尚昆">杨尚昆</a>先后担任国家主席的职务；赵紫阳和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E9%B9%8F" title="李鹏">李鹏</a>先后担任中央政治局常委兼国务院总理的职务。不过当时中共中央仍受制于以中央军委主席兼中顾委主任<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E5%B0%8F%E5%B9%B3" title="邓小平">邓小平</a>为首的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%83%E8%80%81" title="中共八大元老">八大元老</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%A1%BE%E9%97%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党中央顾问委员会">中央顾问委员会</a>。 </p><p>2002年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会">中共十六大</a>以后，中共中央政治局常委人数从七人增加至九人；至2012年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会">中共十八大</a>以后，中央政治局常委人数恢复至七人。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2012年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3" title="习近平">习近平</a>出任中共中央总书记以后，设立<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央国家安全委员会">中央国家安全委员会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%B7%B1%E5%8C%96%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" class="mw-redirect" title="中央全面深化改革领导小组">中央全面深化改革领导小组</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E6%B0%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央军民融合发展委员会">中央军民融合发展委员会</a>等多个党内机关，这些机构的领导人都由党的总书记担任，总书记的权力变得更加广泛和集中，集体领导制开始变为总书记集权制。2017年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会">中共十九大</a>之后，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="中国共产党中央政治局">中共中央政治局</a>全体委员和常委都要向<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记">中共中央总书记</a>述职<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，总书记更直接领导<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国人民代表大会常务委员会">全国人大常委会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2" title="中华人民共和国国务院">国务院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会">全国政协</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="中华人民共和国最高人民法院">最高人民法院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%A3%80%E5%AF%9F%E9%99%A2" title="中华人民共和国最高人民检察院">最高人民检察院</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9A%E7%BB%84" title="党组">党组</a>机关<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3" title="习近平">习近平</a>执政时期，随着“<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E6%96%BC%E4%B8%80%E5%B0%8A" title="定於一尊">定于一尊</a>”和“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA%E7%A1%AE%E7%AB%8B" title="两个确立">两个确立</a>”的政治原则被认可，形成“总书记绝对领导制”，其集权程度已达<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C" title="毛泽东">毛泽东</a>时期<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中国共产党中央委员会主席">中央委员会主席</a>的程度，集体领导制度已经名存实亡<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption>2022年10月23日<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%B1%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E4%BD%93%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第一次全体会议">中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第一次全体会议</a>选举产生<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%B1%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党第二十届中央委员会">第二十届</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="中国共产党中央政治局">中央政治局</a>委员<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80/20" title="Template:中共中央政治局/20">24人</a>，其中<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党中央政治局常务委员会">中央政治局常务委员会</a>委员7人，排名如下： </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>排名 </th> <th>肖像<br />姓名 </th> <th>党职 </th> <th>公职 </th> <th>首次当选常委 </th> <th>党代会选区 </th> <th>分工 </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg/100px-Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg/150px-Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg/200px-Xi_Jinping_with_Macron_and_Von_der_Leyen_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="984" data-file-height="1414" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3" title="习近平">习近平</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党中央委员会">中共中央</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记">总书记</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央军事委员会">中共中央军委</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中国共产党中央军事委员会主席">主席</a><br />中共中央政治局常委 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中华人民共和国主席">中华人民共和国主席</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中华人民共和国中央军事委员会主席">中华人民共和国中央军事委员会主席</a> </td> <td>2007年10月22日 </td> <td>广西 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央国家安全委员会">中央国家安全委员会</a>主席<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%B7%B1%E5%8C%96%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央全面深化改革委员会">中央全面深化改革委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E4%BE%9D%E6%B3%95%E6%B2%BB%E5%9B%BD%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央全面依法治国委员会">中央全面依法治国委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E8%B4%A2%E7%BB%8F%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央财经委员会">中央财经委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央外事工作委员会">中央外事工作委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E6%B0%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央军民融合发展委员会">中央军民融合发展委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%AE%A1%E8%AE%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央审计委员会">中央审计委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%AF%B9%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" class="mw-redirect" title="中央对台工作领导小组">中央对台工作领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E5%A7%94%E6%B7%B1%E5%8C%96%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E5%92%8C%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央军委深化国防和军队改革领导小组">中央军委深化国防和军队改革领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E5%A7%94%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%98%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="中央军委联合作战指挥中心">中央军委联合作战指挥中心</a>总指挥 </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg/100px-Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg/150px-Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg/200px-Chinese_Premier_Li_Qiang_with_Yellen_Jul_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="555" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%BC%BA_(1959%E5%B9%B4)" title="李强 (1959年)">李　强</a> </td> <td>中共中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2" title="中华人民共和国国务院">国务院</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E5%85%9A%E7%BB%84" title="中国共产党国务院党组">党组</a>书记 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="中华人民共和国国务院总理">中华人民共和国国务院总理</a> </td> <td>2022年10月23日 </td> <td>上海 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央国家安全委员会">中央国家安全委员会</a>副主席<br />中央全面深化改革委员会副主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央金融委员会">中央金融委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84%E7%BC%96%E5%88%B6%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央机构编制委员会">中央机构编制委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E5%8A%A8%E5%91%98%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="国家国防动员委员会">国家国防动员委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="国家能源委员会">国家能源委员会</a>主任<br />中央全面依法治国委员会副主任<br />中央财经委员会副主任<br />中央外事工作委员会副主任<br />中央网络安全和信息化委员会副主任<br />中央军民融合发展委员会副主任<br />中央审计委员会副主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%BA%94%E5%AF%B9%E6%96%B0%E5%9E%8B%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央应对新型冠状病毒感染疫情工作领导小组">中央应对新型冠状病毒感染疫情工作领导小组</a>组长 </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhao_in_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Zhao_in_2023.jpg/100px-Zhao_in_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Zhao_in_2023.jpg/150px-Zhao_in_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Zhao_in_2023.jpg/200px-Zhao_in_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="2375" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E4%B9%90%E9%99%85" title="赵乐际">赵乐际</a> </td> <td>中共中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国人民代表大会常务委员会">全国人大常委会</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%9A%E7%BB%84" title="中国共产党全国人民代表大会常务委员会党组">党组</a>书记 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" title="全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长">全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长</a> </td> <td>2017年10月25日 </td> <td>內蒙古 </td> <td>中央国家安全委员会副主席<br />中央全面依法治国委员会副主任 </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg/100px-%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg/150px-%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg/200px-%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81_Wang_Huning_20221023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="517" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B2%AA%E5%AE%81" title="王沪宁">王沪宁</a> </td> <td>中共中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会">全国政协</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%9A%E7%BB%84" title="中国共产党中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会党组">党组</a>书记 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会主席">中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会主席</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E4%BF%83%E9%80%B2%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="中國和平統一促進會">中國和平統一促進會</a>會長 </td> <td>2017年10月25日 </td> <td>贵州 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%B7%B1%E5%8C%96%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央全面深化改革委员会">中央全面深化改革委员会</a>副主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%B7%B1%E5%8C%96%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央全面深化改革委员会">中央全面深化改革委员会</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%8A%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="中央改革办">办公室</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%88%98%E7%BA%BF%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央统一战线工作领导小组">中央统一战线工作领导小组</a>组长<br />中央西藏工作协调小组组长<br />中央新疆工作协调小组组长<br />中央对台工作领导小组副组长 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg/100px-%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg/150px-%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg/200px-%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87_Cai_Qi_20221023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="477" data-file-height="636" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%A5%87" title="蔡奇">蔡　奇</a> </td> <td>中共中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%A4%84" title="中国共产党中央书记处">中共中央书记处</a>书记（排名第1）<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%8E%85" title="中共中央办公厅">中共中央办公厅</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党中央委员会中央和国家机关工作委员会">中央和国家机关工委</a>书记<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记办公室">中共中央总书记办公室</a>主任 </td> <td> </td> <td>2022年10月23日 </td> <td>北京 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央国家安全委员会">中央国家安全委员会</a>副主席兼辦公室主<br />中央全面深化改革委员会副主任<br />中央全面依法治国委员会副主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E6%8C%87%E5%AF%BC%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央精神文明建设指导委员会">中央精神文明建設指導委員會</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%AE%A3%E4%BC%A0%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央宣传思想文化工作领导小组">中央宣传思想文化工作领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%9A%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央党的建设工作领导小组">中央党的建设工作领导小组</a>组长<br />中央机构编制委员会副主任<br />中央网络安全和信息化委员会主任<br />首都規劃建設委員會主任<br />中央军民融合发展委员会副主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8A%9F%E5%8B%8B%E8%8D%A3%E8%AA%89%E8%A1%A8%E5%BD%B0%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="党和国家功勋荣誉表彰工作委员会">党和国家功勋荣誉表彰工作委员会</a>主任<br />中央學習貫徹「習思想」主題教育領導小組組長<br />中央保密委員會主任<br />中央保健委員會主任 </td></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg/100px-%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg/150px-%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg/200px-%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5_Ding_Xuexiang_20221023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="654" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E8%96%9B%E7%A5%A5" title="丁薛祥">丁薛祥</a> </td> <td>中共中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2" title="中华人民共和国国务院">国务院</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E5%85%9A%E7%BB%84" title="中国共产党国务院党组">党组</a>副书记 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E5%89%AF%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="中华人民共和国国务院副总理">中华人民共和国国务院副总理</a><br />（排名第1）<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E8%88%87%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國環境與發展國際合作委員會（页面不存在）">中國環境與發展國際合作委員會</a>主席 </td> <td>2022年10月23日 </td> <td>中央和国家机关 </td> <td>中央科技委員會主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央港澳工作领导小组">中央港澳工作领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%A9%BA%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中央空中交通管理委员会">中央空中交通管理委员会</a>主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="国家能源委员会">国家能源委员会</a>副主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="国务院食品安全委员会">国务院食品安全委员会</a>主任<br />中央军民融合发展委员会副主任兼办公室主任<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E2%80%9C%E4%B8%80%E5%B8%A6%E4%B8%80%E8%B7%AF%E2%80%9D%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" class="mw-redirect" title="推进“一带一路”建设工作领导小组">推进“一带一路”建设工作领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%81%8C%E8%83%BD%E8%BD%AC%E5%8F%98%E5%92%8C%E2%80%9C%E6%94%BE%E7%AE%A1%E6%9C%8D%E2%80%9D%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="国务院推进政府职能转变和“放管服”改革协调小组">国务院推进政府职能转变和“放管服”改革协调小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E6%B9%BE%E5%8C%BA%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="粤港澳大湾区建设领导小组">粤港澳大湾区建设领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%BF%E5%8C%96%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="全国绿化委员会">全国绿化委员会</a>主任<br />國務院第五次全國經濟普查領導小組組長 </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg/100px-%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg/150px-%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg/200px-%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C_Li_Xi_20221023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="660" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%B8%8C" title="李希">李　希</a> </td> <td>中共中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%BA%AA%E5%BE%8B%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央纪律检查委员会书记">中共中央纪委书记</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>2022年10月23日 </td> <td>广东 </td> <td>中央审计委员会副主任<br />中央党的建设工作领导小组副组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%B7%A1%E8%A7%86%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央巡视工作领导小组">中央巡视工作领导小组</a>组长<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B7%B1%E5%8C%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%9B%91%E5%AF%9F%E4%BD%93%E5%88%B6%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E8%AF%95%E7%82%B9%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84" title="中央深化国家监察体制改革试点工作领导小组">中央深化国家监察体制改革试点工作领导小组</a>组长 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="苏联"><span id=".E8.8B.8F.E8.81.94"></span>苏联</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：苏联"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83" title="最高苏维埃">最高苏维埃</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="苏联共产党">苏联共产党</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E9%83%A8%E9%95%BF%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="苏联部长会议">苏联政府</a>都采取集体领导的形式，党内最初不设最高领导人职务，国家也没有单独的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="国家元首">国家元首</a>，是以<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E5%9B%A2" title="苏联最高苏维埃主席团">最高苏维埃主席团</a>主席代表集体元首。不过<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E8%90%A8%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%E8%AF%BA%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="约瑟夫·维萨里奥诺维奇·斯大林">斯大林</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81" class="mw-redirect" title="弗拉基米尔·伊里奇·列宁">列宁</a>死后通过一系列的政治斗争取得了最高权力，实施独裁统治，他担任的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E8%B4%9F%E8%B4%A3%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="苏共中央主要负责人列表">苏共中央总书记</a>职务变成苏联的党和国家最高领导人职务。在<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%98%82%E5%B0%BC%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E5%8B%83%E5%88%97%E6%97%A5%E6%B6%85%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="列昂尼德·伊里奇·勃列日涅夫">勃列日涅夫</a>统治時期，总书记不再兼任部长会议主席，苏联党和国家的权力集中在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E8%B4%9F%E8%B4%A3%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="苏共中央主要负责人列表">苏共中央总书记</a>（最高领导人）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E5%9B%A2" title="苏联最高苏维埃主席团">苏联最高苏维埃主席团</a>主席（国会议长）和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E9%83%A8%E9%95%BF%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="苏联部长会议主席">苏联部长会议主席</a>（政府总理）手里，又被称为“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%AC%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="三驾马车">三驾马车</a>”，不过总书记拥有最终决策权。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="越南"><span id=".E8.B6.8A.E5.8D.97"></span>越南</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：越南"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="越南政治">越南政治</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="越南共产党">越南共产党</a>在九大以后不设“<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="越南共产党中央政治局常务委员会">中央政治局常委</a>”的职务，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="越共中央政治局">越共中央政治局</a>的权力主要集中在<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="越共中央总书记">越共中央总书记</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="越南国家主席">越南国家主席</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="越南政府总理">越南政府总理</a>手中，也被外界称为“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%AC%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="三驾马车">三驾马车</a>”。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%A4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="越共中央书记处">越共中央书记处</a>常务书记和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="越南国会主席">越南国会主席</a>也曾经是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="越南共产党中央政治局常务委员会">越南共产党中央政治局常务委员会</a>的一员。2018年，越共中央总书记<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E5%AF%8C%E4%BB%B2" title="阮富仲">阮富仲</a>兼任国家主席；2021年卸任，继续以越共中央总书记的身份领导越南至2024年逝世。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:376px;max-width:376px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">越南領導集體四大支柱</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_(P064238-935063).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg/120px-T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg/180px-T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg/240px-T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="1347" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9E%97_(%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97)" title="蘇林 (越南)">蘇林</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="越南共产党中央委员会总书记">越共中央總書記</a></small><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="越南共产党中央军事委员会">越共中央军委书记</a></small></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Pham_Minh_Chinh_-_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="932" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%98%8E%E6%AD%A3" title="范明正">范明正</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="越南总理">政府總理</a></small></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tranthanhman2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tranthanhman2023.jpg/120px-Tranthanhman2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tranthanhman2023.jpg/180px-Tranthanhman2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tranthanhman2023.jpg/240px-Tranthanhman2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9D%92%E6%95%8F" title="陈青敏">陈青敏</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="越南国会主席">國會主席</a></small></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80/13" title="Template:越共中央政治局/13"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80/13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:越共中央政治局/13（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80/13" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:越共中央政治局/13"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="越南共产党第十三届中央政治局" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="越南共产党">越南共产党</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="越南共产党第十三次全国代表大会">第十三届</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="越南共产党中央政治局">中央政治局</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>2021年1月越共十三届一中全会选举产生</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E5%AF%8C%E4%BB%B2" title="阮富仲">阮富仲</a><small>（总书记、军委书记，2024年逝世）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E6%98%A5%E7%A6%8F" title="阮春福">阮春福</a><small>（国家主席，至2023年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%98%8E%E6%AD%A3" title="范明正">范明正</a><small>（政府总理）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BB%B7%E6%83%A0" title="王廷惠">王廷惠</a><small>（国会主席，至2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E4%BF%8A%E8%8B%B1" title="陈俊英">陈俊英</a><small>（中央经济部部长，至2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3" title="阮和平">阮和平</a><small>（政府副总理）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%BC%B7" title="梁強">梁强</a><small>（国家主席）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E8%BF%9B%E5%8B%87" title="丁进勇">丁进勇</a><small>（河内市委书记，至2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E6%96%87%E6%B1%9F" title="潘文江">潘文江</a><small>（国防部部长）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9E%97_(%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97)" title="蘇林 (越南)">苏林</a><small>（总书记、军委书记，自2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%B0%8F%E6%A2%85" title="张氏梅">张氏梅</a><small>（中央书记处常务书记、中央组织部部长，至2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9D%92%E6%95%8F" title="陈青敏">陈青敏</a><small>（国会主席）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E5%B9%B3%E6%98%8E" title="范平明">范平明</a><small>（政府副总理，至2022年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E6%96%87%E5%B9%B4" title="阮文年">阮文年</a><small>（胡志明市委书记）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E6%98%A5%E8%83%9C" title="阮春胜">阮春胜</a><small>（胡志明国家政治学院院长、中央理论委员会主席）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E6%96%87%E8%B3%9E" title="武文賞">武文赏</a><small>（国家主席，至2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E5%BB%B7%E9%95%AF" title="潘廷镯">潘廷镯</a><small>（中央内政部部长）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%94%A6%E7%A7%80" title="陈锦秀">陈锦秀</a><small>（中央书记处常务书记、中央检查委员会主任）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E6%98%8E%E5%85%B4" title="黎明兴">黎明兴</a><small>（中央组织部部长，自2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E4%BB%B2%E4%B9%89" title="阮仲义">阮仲义</a><small>（中央宣教部部长，自2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B4%E6%B0%8F%E6%98%8E%E6%80%80" title="裴氏明怀">裴氏明怀</a><small>（河內市委書記，自2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E6%96%87%E6%88%B0" title="杜文戰">杜文戰</a><small>（祖国阵线主席，自2024年）</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E4%B8%89%E5%85%89" title="梁三光">梁三光</a><small>（公安部长，自2024年）</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80/12" title="Template:越共中央政治局/12">« 第十二届</a> → <b>第十三届</b> → <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80/14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:越共中央政治局/14（页面不存在）">第十四届 »</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="朝鲜"><span id=".E6.9C.9D.E9.B2.9C"></span>朝鲜</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：朝鲜"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="朝鮮民主主義人民共和國政治">朝鮮民主主義人民共和國政治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%97%A5%E6%88%90%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" title="金日成家族">金日成家族</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81" title="家族獨裁">家族獨裁</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党">朝鲜劳动党</a>在党的章程和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="朝鮮民主主義人民共和國社會主義憲法">朝鲜宪法</a>层面上表现出集体领导的特点，但事实上<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜劳动党总书记">朝鲜劳动党总书记</a>兼任<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" title="朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会委员长">朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会委员长</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E5%AE%98" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国武装力量最高司令官">武装力量最高司令官</a>，为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%86%9B" title="朝鲜人民军">武装力量</a>最高统帅。体现了该政党对<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F" title="武装力量">武装力量</a>拥有绝对的控制权。而除国家最高权力机构<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜国务委员会">朝鲜国务委员会</a>外，作为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央委员会</a>领导机构的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会政治局">中央政治局</a>是朝鲜事实上的最高权力机关，其中<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会政治局常务委员会">中央政治局常务委员会</a>又是该机构中主要的意思决策机关。常务委员会由政治局常委组成。现今作为执政党劳动党的核心职务和人物分别是担任<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜劳动党总书记">朝鲜劳动党总书记</a>作为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国领导人列表">朝鲜最高领导人</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9" title="金正恩">金正恩</a>；作为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会政治局常务委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会">国务委员会</a>第一副委员长、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" title="最高人民会议常任委员会委员长">最高人民会议常任委员会委员长</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E9%BE%99%E6%B5%B7" title="崔龙海">崔龙海</a>；和作为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会政治局常务委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="朝鲜总理列表">朝鲜内阁总理</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%BE%B7%E8%AE%AD" title="金德训">金德训</a>。 </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption>2021年1月10日<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E5%B1%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党第八届中央委员会">朝鲜劳动党第八届中央委员会</a>第一次全体会议选举产生中央政治局常务委员会委员5人： </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>排名 </th> <th>肖像<br />姓名 </th> <th>任期开始 </th> <th>任期结束 </th> <th>党职 </th> <th>公职 </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png/100px-Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png/150px-Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png/200px-Kim_Jong-un_at_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea_main_building.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="560" /></a></span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9" title="金正恩">金正恩</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="5">2021年1月10日 </td> <td rowspan="2">现任 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜劳动党总书记">朝鲜劳动党总书记</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会委员长</a><br />朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会委员长">朝鲜国务委员会委员长</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E5%AE%98" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国武装力量最高司令官">朝鲜武装力量最高司令官</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-18th_Summit_of_Non-Aligned_Movement_gets_underway_in_Baku_005_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="596" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E9%BE%99%E6%B5%B7" title="崔龙海">崔龙海</a> </td> <td>朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委 </td> <td>朝鲜<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" title="最高人民会议常任委员会委员长">最高人民会议常任委员会委员长</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会">朝鲜国务委员会</a>第一副委员长 </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%82%B3%E5%93%B2" title="李炳哲">李炳哲</a> </td> <td>2021年6月，2022年复职 </td> <td>朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会</a>副委员长 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会">朝鲜国务委员会</a>委员 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5/3 </th> <td><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E7%94%AC%E5%85%83" title="赵甬元">趙甬元</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">现任 </td> <td>朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会书记局">朝鲜劳动党中央书记局书记</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会</a>委员 </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%BE%B7%E8%AE%AD" title="金德训">金德训</a> </td> <td>朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="朝鲜总理列表">朝鲜内阁总理</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会">朝鲜国务委员会</a>副委员长 </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E6%AD%A3%E5%A4%A9" title="朴正天">朴正天</a> </td> <td>2021年9月 </td> <td>朝鲜劳动党中央政治局常委<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜劳动党中央委员会书记局">朝鲜劳动党中央书记局书记</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会">朝鲜劳动党中央军事委员会</a>委员 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会">朝鲜国务委员会</a>委员 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="法国"><span id=".E6.B3.95.E5.9B.BD"></span>法国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：法国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>法国左翼党派为了应对<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="2024年法国国民议会选举">2024年法国国民议会选举</a>而组成的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="新人民阵线">新人民阵线</a>采用了集体领导模式。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="示例"><span id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B"></span>示例</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：示例"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>主權国家 </th> <th>政治體制 </th> <th>地理位置 </th> <th>首都 </th> <th>意識形態 </th> <th>開國領袖 </th> <th>國家元首 </th> <th>政府首腦 </th> <th>立法首腦 </th> <th>政黨領袖 </th> <th>最高領導人 </th> <th>國家領袖 </th> <th>國旗 </th> <th>國徽 </th> <th>地圖 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="15" align="center">現存集體領導體制國家 </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鮮民主主義人民共和國</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="社会主义国家">社会主义共和制</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東亞">東亞</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%A3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="平壤">平壤</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%97%A5%E6%88%90%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%97%A5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="金日成金正日主义">金日成金正日主义</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="朝鲜总理列表">朝鲜内阁首相</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%97%A5%E6%88%90" title="金日成">金日成</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜国务委员会委员长">朝鲜国务委员会委员长</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9" title="金正恩">金正恩</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%86%85%E9%98%81%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜内阁总理">朝鲜内阁总理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%BE%B7%E8%AE%AD" title="金德训">金德训</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" title="最高人民会议常任委员会委员长">最高人民会议常任委员会委员长</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E9%BE%99%E6%B5%B7" title="崔龙海">崔龙海</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%85%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜劳动党总书记">朝鲜劳动党总书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9" title="金正恩">金正恩</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鲜最高领导人">朝鲜最高领导人</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AD%A3%E6%81%A9" title="金正恩">金正恩</a> </p> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Kim_Jong-un_in_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/100px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/150px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/200px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/100px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/150px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/200px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Korea_on_the_globe_(Asia_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/North_Korea_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/100px-North_Korea_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/North_Korea_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/150px-North_Korea_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/North_Korea_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/200px-North_Korea_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="793" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="社会主义国家">社会主义共和制</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="人民代表大会制度">人民代表大会制度</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東亞">東亞</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马克思列宁主义">马克思列宁主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" title="毛泽东思想">毛泽东思想</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="中国特色社会主义">中国特色社会主义</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="中央人民政府主席">中央人民政府主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C" title="毛泽东">毛泽东</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="中华人民共和国主席">中华人民共和国主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3" title="习近平">习近平</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="中华人民共和国国务院总理">中华人民共和国国务院总理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%BC%BA_(1959%E5%B9%B4)" title="李强 (1959年)">李强</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%B8%E5%A7%94%E4%BC%9A%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="全国人大常委会委员长">全国人大常委会委员长</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E4%B9%90%E9%99%85" title="赵乐际">赵乐际</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="中国共产党中央委员会总书记">中国共产党中央委员会总书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3" title="习近平">习近平</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="中华人民共和国最高领导人">中华人民共和国最高领导人</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%B9%B3" title="习近平">习近平</a> </p> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg/100px-Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg/150px-Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg/200px-Chinese_President_Xi_May_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="519" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/100px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/150px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/200px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="556" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_on_the_globe_(all_claims_hatched)_(Asia_centered)_(alternative).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/China_on_the_globe_%28all_claims_hatched%29_%28Asia_centered%29_%28alternative%29.svg/100px-China_on_the_globe_%28all_claims_hatched%29_%28Asia_centered%29_%28alternative%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/China_on_the_globe_%28all_claims_hatched%29_%28Asia_centered%29_%28alternative%29.svg/150px-China_on_the_globe_%28all_claims_hatched%29_%28Asia_centered%29_%28alternative%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/China_on_the_globe_%28all_claims_hatched%29_%28Asia_centered%29_%28alternative%29.svg/200px-China_on_the_globe_%28all_claims_hatched%29_%28Asia_centered%29_%28alternative%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="792" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/22px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/33px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/44px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="社会主义共和制">社会主义共和制</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東南亞">東南亞</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%85%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="河內">河內</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马克思列宁主义">马克思列宁主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BF%97%E6%98%8E%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" title="胡志明思想">胡志明思想</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="越南民主共和國主席">越南民主共和國主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BF%97%E6%98%8E" title="胡志明">胡志明</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="越南社会主义共和国主席">越南社会主义共和国主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%BC%B7" title="梁強">梁強</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="越南总理">越南总理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%98%8E%E6%AD%A3" title="范明正">范明正</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="越南国会主席">越南国会主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9D%92%E6%95%8F" title="陈青敏">陈青敏</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="越南共产党中央委员会总书记">越南共产党中央委员会总书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9E%97_(%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97)" title="蘇林 (越南)">蘇林</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="越南共产党中央委员会总书记">越南共产党中央委员会总书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9E%97_(%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97)" title="蘇林 (越南)">蘇林</a> </p> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_(P064238-935063).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg/100px-T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg/150px-T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg/200px-T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m_in_Hanoi_-_2024_%28P064238-935063%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="1347" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/100px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/150px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/200px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/150px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="529" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vietnam_on_the_globe_(Asia_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vietnam_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/100px-Vietnam_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vietnam_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/150px-Vietnam_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vietnam_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/200px-Vietnam_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="793" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/22px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/33px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/44px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D" title="老挝">老挝</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="社会主义共和制">社会主义共和制</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東南亞">東南亞</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="萬象">萬象</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马克思列宁主义">马克思列宁主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E5%B1%B1%C2%B7%E4%B8%B0%E5%A8%81%E6%B1%89" title="凯山·丰威汉">凯山·丰威汉思想</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%92%BE%E7%B8%BD%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="老撾總理">老撾總理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E5%B1%B1%C2%B7%E4%B8%B0%E5%A8%81%E6%B1%89" title="凯山·丰威汉">凯山·丰威汉</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="老挝人民民主共和国主席">老挝人民民主共和国主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E8%8B%8F%E9%87%8C" title="通伦·西苏里">通伦·西苏里</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="老挝总理">老挝总理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E8%B5%9B%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E6%BD%98%E6%95%A6" title="宋赛·西潘敦">宋赛·西潘敦</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="老挝国会主席">老挝国会主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9B%E5%AE%8B%E8%93%AC%C2%B7%E4%B8%B0%E5%A8%81%E6%B1%89" title="赛宋蓬·丰威汉">赛宋蓬·丰威汉</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="老挝人民革命党中央委员会总书记">老挝人民革命党中央委员会总书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E8%8B%8F%E9%87%8C" title="通伦·西苏里">通伦·西苏里</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%BB%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="老挝人民革命党中央委员会总书记">老挝人民革命党中央委员会总书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E8%8B%8F%E9%87%8C" title="通伦·西苏里">通伦·西苏里</a> </p> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg/100px-Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg/150px-Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg/200px-Mr._Thongloun_Sisoulith.jpg 2x" data-file-width="238" data-file-height="317" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Laos.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/100px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/150px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/200px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Laos.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Emblem_of_Laos.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Emblem_of_Laos.svg/150px-Emblem_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Emblem_of_Laos.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="547" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Laos_on_the_globe_(Asia_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Laos_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/100px-Laos_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Laos_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/150px-Laos_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Laos_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg/200px-Laos_on_the_globe_%28Asia_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="793" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4" title="古巴">古巴</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="社会主义共和制">社会主义共和制</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%E6%AF%94%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="加勒比地區">加勒比地區</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%93%A6%E9%82%A3" title="哈瓦那">哈瓦那</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马克思主义">马克思主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E5%A1%9E%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%92%82" title="何塞·马蒂">马蒂思想</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="卡斯特罗主义">卡斯特罗主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%93%A6%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="格瓦拉主义">格瓦拉主义</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="古巴共和国总理">古巴共和国总理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="菲德爾·卡斯特羅">菲德爾·卡斯特羅</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="古巴共和国主席">古巴共和国主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF-%E5%8D%A1%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔">米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="古巴共和国总理">古巴共和国总理</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%8A%AA%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E9%9B%B7%E7%BD%97" title="曼努埃尔·马雷罗">曼努埃尔·马雷罗</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%9D%83%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="全国人民政权代表大会主席">全国人民政权代表大会主席</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%A2%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%97%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF" title="埃斯特万·拉索·埃尔南德斯">埃斯特万·拉索·埃尔南德斯</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="古巴共产党中央委员会第一书记">古巴共产党中央委员会第一书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF-%E5%8D%A1%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔">米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔</a> </p> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="古巴共产党中央委员会第一书记">古巴共产党中央委员会第一书记</a> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF-%E5%8D%A1%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔">米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔</a> </p> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Miguel_D%C3%ADaz-Canel_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="815" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/100px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/150px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/200px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></td> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuba_on_the_globe_(Americas_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cuba_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg/100px-Cuba_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cuba_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg/150px-Cuba_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cuba_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg/200px-Cuba_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="797" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%86%E4%BD%93%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese-news-41745184">中共七常委：细看中国最有权势的七个人</a>. 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