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href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-元前期民变" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元前期民变"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>元前期民变</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元前期民变-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-元中期民变" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元中期民变"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>元中期民变</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元中期民变-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-元后期民变" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元后期民变"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>元后期民变</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-元后期民变-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关元后期民变子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-元后期民变-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-红巾军起义" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#红巾军起义"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>红巾军起义</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-红巾军起义-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="关于此页面的讨论（页面不存在）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label 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id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%AB%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%98&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="元末民变">元末民变</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>元朝民變</b>是指1276年至1367年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%97%8F" title="蒙古族">蒙古人</a>建立的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a>统治<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>时期所发生的<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%89%E4%BA%8B" title="舉事">民變</a>。其中最为知名的有<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%B7%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="红巾军">红巾军</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%A6%8F%E9%80%9A" title="刘福通">刘福通</a>起义、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="郭子兴">郭子兴</a>起义及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="张士诚">张士诚</a>起义、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%BE%B7%E5%B4%96" title="孫德崖">孫德崖</a>起義等，另外元末民變領袖也有<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%BC%A2" title="陳漢">陳漢</a>皇帝<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%8F%8B%E8%B0%85" title="陈友谅">陳友諒</a>、浙東<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%9B%BD%E7%8F%8D" title="方国珍">方國珍</a>等人。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="元前期民变"><span id=".E5.85.83.E5.89.8D.E6.9C.9F.E6.B0.91.E5.8F.98"></span>元前期民变</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：元前期民变"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E7%A5%90" title="德祐">德祐</a>二年、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E7%82%8E" title="景炎">景炎</a>元年、元<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E5%85%83_(%E5%85%83%E6%83%A0%E5%AE%97)" class="mw-redirect" title="至元 (元惠宗)">至元</a>十三年（1276年）二月，原宋镇巢军（地名，今安徽<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A2%E5%8E%BF" title="巢县">巢县</a>）雄江左统制<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E7%A6%8F" title="洪福">洪福</a>杀元戍军。元廷派兵镇压，全城的反抗居民被屠杀。</li> <li>南宋景炎二年、元至元十四年（1277年），<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A9%E7%A5%A5" title="文天祥">文天祥</a>复<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="梅州 (古代)">梅州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%96%E6%9D%B0" title="张世杰">张世傑</a>复<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E5%BA%9C" title="潮州府">潮州</a>之际，安徽<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="六安市">六安</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%BA%90" title="刘源">刘源</a>起兵反元。浙江沙县人<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81" title="谢五十">谢五十</a>领导当地人民起义，自称挈天将军。福建<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="长汀">长汀</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B9%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="黄广德">黄广德</a>称天下都元帅，自立为天从广德皇帝。</li> <li>南宋景炎三年、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%A5%E8%88%88" class="mw-redirect" title="祥興">祥興</a>元年、元至元十五年（1278年）六月，浙江处州（今<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E6%B0%B4%E5%B8%82" title="丽水市">丽水市</a>）农民二万人在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89%E5%85%AB" title="张三八">张三八</a>领导下杀庆元县<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E9%B2%81%E8%8A%B1%E8%B5%A4" title="达鲁花赤">达鲁花赤</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%80%9F%E5%8F%B0%E5%84%BF" class="mw-disambig" title="也速台儿">也速台儿</a>起义。浙江衢州农民二万人推<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%8D%83%E4%BA%8C" title="陈千二">陈千二</a>为领袖，发动起义。七月，湖南制置<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E7%83%88%E8%89%AF" title="张烈良">张烈良</a>与提刑<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%BA%94%E9%BE%99" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="刘应龙">刘应龙</a>起义，被元军击败，张烈良率余部奔思州（今<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">贵州</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%91%E5%B7%A9%E5%8E%BF" title="岑巩县">岑巩</a>）乌思洞，与刘应龙俱战死。</li> <li>南宋祥興二年、元至元十六年1279年，元軍<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%BC%98%E7%AF%84" title="張弘範">張弘範</a>大破南宋軍於廣東崖山一帶，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%98%BA" title="赵昺">宋帝昺</a>與張世傑不幸溺海身亡。</li> <li>至元十七年（1280年），江西南康<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%98%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="都昌">都昌</a>县民<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%8F%AF%E7%94%A8" title="杜可用">杜可用</a>组织<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%8E%B2%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="白莲教">白莲教</a>起义，有众数万，号称杜圣人，自称天王，建元“万乘”。福建<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%B3%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="漳州">漳州</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B2%E6%97%8F" title="畲族">畲族</a>首领陈大举(陈吊眼)率众起义，建年号“昌泰”。</li> <li>至元二十年（1283年），广东<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="新会">新会</a>县<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%A1%82%E8%8A%B3" title="林桂芳">林桂芳</a>聚众起义，建罗平国，年号延康。同年9月，广东<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BF%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="清远">清远</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%8D%97%E5%96%9C" title="欧南喜">欧南喜</a>起义，有众号称数十万，称王建号，聚众十余万，断发文身，号称“头陀军”，用南宋末帝<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%98%BA" title="赵昺">赵昺</a>的年号“祥兴”纪年。王恽在《秋涧先生大全文集》中有这样的记载：“福建一道，收附之后，户几百万，黄华一变，十去其四。”史载这一年江南各族人民起义凡二百余处。</li> <li>至元二十四年（1287年），福建<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%80%E5%B7%9E" title="汀州">汀州</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9F%E6%98%8E%E4%BA%AE" title="钟明亮">钟明亮</a>聚众起义，义军很快发展到十万人，活跃于福建、江西、广东三省交界区。</li> <li>至元二十六年（1289年），浙江<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="台州">台州</a>宁海人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E9%95%87%E9%BE%99" title="杨镇龙">杨镇龙</a>聚众起义，称大兴国皇帝，年号“安定”，有众号称12万。史载这一年江南各族人民起义凡四百余处。</li> <li>元贞三年（1296年），江西<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A3%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="赣州">赣州</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF" title="兴国县">兴国</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81" title="刘六十">刘六十</a>聚众起义，建号称王，声震远近。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="元中期民变"><span id=".E5.85.83.E4.B8.AD.E6.9C.9F.E6.B0.91.E5.8F.98"></span>元中期民变</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：元中期民变"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>武宗至大三年（1310年），临安、大理两宣慰司和丽江宣抚司以及普安路土官所隶<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%9B%B2" title="部曲">部曲</a>同时起义。</li> <li>仁宗皇庆元年（1312年），沧州人<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A4%B1%E6%AD%B9%E5%84%BF" title="阿失歹儿">阿失歹儿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9D%B9%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="睹海">睹海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%B5%B7" title="塔海">塔海</a>等聚众起义。十一月，阿失歹儿等被俘，被杀。</li> <li>仁宗延祐二年（1315年），江西赣州<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E9%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="宁都">宁都</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E4%BA%94%E4%B9%9D" title="蔡五九">蔡五九</a>聚众起义，反抗官府增加田亩赋税（<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E7%A5%90%E7%B6%93%E7%90%86" title="延祐經理">延祐经理</a>）。</li> <li>仁宗延祐五年（1318年），赣州宁都县人<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%99%AF%E5%91%A8" title="刘景周">刘景周</a>聚众起义。岭北戍军起义。</li> <li>仁宗延祐六年（1319年），晋王<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E5%AD%99%E9%93%81%E6%9C%A8%E5%84%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="也孙铁木儿">也孙铁木儿</a>的部民起义。</li> <li>英宗至治元年（1321年），六月陕西<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E8%87%B3%E5%8E%BF" title="周至县">周至县</a>僧人<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E6%98%8E%E5%92%8C%E5%B0%9A" title="圆明和尚">圆明和尚</a>聚众起事，自立为皇帝。七月，郃阳道士<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%BF%97%E5%85%88" title="刘志先">刘志先</a>利用宗教组织起义。</li> <li>英宗至治三年（1323年），大理<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E5%AD%90%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="护子罗">护子罗</a>率众起义。</li> <li>泰定帝二年（1325年），河南<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="息州">息州</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E4%B8%91%E5%8E%AE" title="赵丑厮">赵丑厮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="郭菩萨">郭菩萨</a>宣言<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E5%8B%92%E4%BD%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="弥勒佛">弥勒佛</a>当有天下，聚众起义。同年，广西各处<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%B6%E6%B0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="瑶民">瑶民</a>起义。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="元后期民变"><span id=".E5.85.83.E5.90.8E.E6.9C.9F.E6.B0.91.E5.8F.98"></span>元后期民变</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：元后期民变"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>惠宗元统元年（1333年）十二月，广西瑶族变民攻湖南，陷道州，千户<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E9%9C%87" class="mw-disambig" title="郭震">郭震</a>战死，变民焚掠而去。</li> <li>惠宗元统二年（1334年）三月，广西瑶变复起，杀同知元帅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%88%97%E6%80%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉列思（页面不存在）">吉列思</a>，掠库物，遣右丞<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%B1%E9%B2%81%E8%BF%B7%E5%A4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脱鲁迷失（页面不存在）">脱鲁迷失</a>将兵讨之。八月徭变陷贺州，发河南、江浙、江西、湖广诸军及八番义从军，命广西宣慰使、都元帅章<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E9%A2%9C" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="伯颜">伯颜</a>将以击之。</li> <li>惠宗至元三年（1337年），正月，广东<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%9E%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="增城">增城</a>县人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%89%E5%8D%BF" title="朱光卿">朱光卿</a>聚众起义，称大金国，改元赤符。二月，河南<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="陈州">陈州</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%97%B0%E5%84%BF" title="胡闰儿">胡闰儿</a>（棒胡）白莲教起义。同年二月广西徭变复反，命湖广行中书省平章<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E6%B5%B7" title="那海">那海</a>、江西行中书省平章<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%83%E5%85%92%E8%BF%B7%E5%A4%B1%E6%B5%B7%E7%89%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="秃兒迷失海牙（页面不存在）">秃兒迷失海牙</a>总兵捕之。四月，四川合州<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B6%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="大足">大足</a>县人<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%AB" title="韓法師">韩法师</a>起义，称“南朝赵王”。</li> <li>惠宗至元四年（1338年），江西<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="袁州">袁州</a>人<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E7%91%A9%E7%8E%89" title="彭瑩玉">彭莹玉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%AD%90%E6%97%BA" title="周子旺">周子旺</a>在袁州组织白莲教起义。河南杞县小吏<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8C%83%E5%AD%9F%E7%AB%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="范孟端（页面不存在）">范孟端</a>假传圣旨，杀河南行省平章，自命河南都元帅。</li> <li>惠宗至正元年（1341年）四月，湖南道州人瑶族<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%99" title="蔣丙">蒋丙</a>起义。十一月，道州<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E4%BB%81%E7%94%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="何仁甫">何仁甫</a>等人起义。十二月，云南车里<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E8%B5%9B" title="寒赛">寒赛</a>等人起义。山东燕南，起义者达三百余处。</li> <li>惠宗至正二年（1342年）七月，广西庆远路<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%85%AB" title="莫八">莫八</a>聚众起义。九月，大都人民反抗活动四起。</li> <li>惠宗至正三年（1343年）二月，辽阳<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%BE%E8%80%85%E9%87%8E%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="吾者野人">吾者野人</a>起义。五月，<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3" title="黄河">黄河</a>决<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E8%8C%85%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白茅口（页面不存在）">白茅口</a>。六月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%89%E5%93%A9%E5%9B%9E%E5%9B%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="囉哩回回">回回剌里</a>五百余人渡河，攻解、吉、隰等州。八月，四川上蓬反元起义。山东起义军焚掠兖州。九月，道州蒋丙自号顺天王，攻破连、桂二州。</li> <li>惠宗至正四年（1344年）七月，山东益都濒海盐徒<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E7%81%AB%E4%BD%A0%E8%B5%A4" title="郭火你赤">郭火你赤</a>起义。</li> <li>惠宗至正六年（1346年），<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="辽阳">辽阳</a>吾者野人和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%BE%BE%E8%BE%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="水达达">水达达</a>聚众起义。同年还有福建汀州<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%A9%E9%BA%9F" title="罗天麟">罗天麟</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E7%A7%AF%E4%B8%87" title="陈积万">陈积万</a>起义。<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9D%E5%8F%AF%E6%B3%95" title="思可法">思可法</a>在云南反，直到次年三月，才被镇压。闰十月，湖南靖州瑶民<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%9D" title="吴天宝">吴天宝</a>反，众至六万陆续攻下沅州，陷武冈等地。十二月，山东、河南农民起义。</li> <li>惠宗至正七年（1347年），二月，山东、河南农民起义发展到济宁、滕、邳、徐州等处。四月，临清、广平、滦河等地农民起义。通州农民起义。九月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%82%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="八邻">八邻</a>部落的<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%88%BA%E9%82%A3%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="哈刺那海">哈刺那海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%83%E9%B2%81%E5%92%8C%E4%BC%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="秃鲁和伯">秃鲁和伯</a>起义，切断岭北驿道。十月，西番人民起义二百余处，攻陷哈刺火州。十一月，长江沿岸农民起义。湖广、云南农民起义蜂起云涌。十二月，河南农民起义军横行无阻。集庆花山人毕四等三十六人起义，前后坚持达三个月。</li> <li>惠宗至正八年（1348年），三月，辽东<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%81%E7%81%AB%E5%A5%B4" title="锁火奴">锁火奴</a>起义，自称大金子孙，失败被擒。辽阳<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%80%E9%A2%9C%E6%8B%A8%E9%B2%81%E6%AC%A2" title="兀颜拨鲁欢">兀颜拨鲁欢</a>起义，自称大金子孙，假托授玉帝符，失败被斩。吐蕃人民起义。福建人民起义。吴天宝复克沅州。四月，辽阳<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E5%93%88%E5%88%BA" title="董哈刺">董哈刺</a>起义。海宁州沭阳县等地农民发动起义。广西峒族人民乘湖广平章伯颜带兵镇压莫万五、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%AE%E9%9B%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="蛮雷">蛮雷</a>等义军时，起兵反抗。十月，广西起义军攻道州。十一月，吴天保率众六万攻占全州。浙江<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="台州">台州</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%9B%BD%E7%8F%8D" title="方国珍">方国珍</a>聚众起义。</li> <li>惠宗至正九年（1349年）正月，广西徭族起义军攻陷道州。三月，湖南吴天宝率部复攻沅州，十二月进逼辰州。十二月，冀宁平遥等县农民起义，推<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E4%B8%83%E4%B8%83" title="曹七七">曹七七</a>为领袖。</li> <li>惠宗至正十年（1350年）十月，河南南阳、安丰一带农民骚动。</li> <li>惠宗至正十四年（1354年）夏，福建泉州<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%A7" title="李大">李大</a>、吕光甫发动农民起义，李大称帝。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="红巾军起义"><span id=".E7.BA.A2.E5.B7.BE.E5.86.9B.E8.B5.B7.E4.B9.89"></span>红巾军起义</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：红巾军起义"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85099211">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%B7%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="红巾军">红巾军</a></div> <p>惠宗至正十一年（1351年）五月，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%81%B5%E9%81%93" title="杜遵道">杜遵道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%B1%B1%E7%AB%A5" title="韩山童">韩山童</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%A6%8F%E9%80%9A" title="刘福通">刘福通</a>率领当地<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%8E%B2%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="白莲教">白莲教</a>教民和修治黄河的民工在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%96%E5%B7%9E" title="颖州">颖州</a>刘营柳沟村（今界首县城区颍河南岸旧刘兴镇）刘福通庄园白鹿庄起事，以<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%B7%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="红巾军">红巾</a>为标志。八月，邳县人<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E9%BA%BB%E6%9D%8E" title="芝麻李">芝麻李</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%90%9B%E7%94%A8" title="赵君用">赵君用</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E8%B2%B4" class="mw-disambig" title="毛貴">毛贵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%A4%A7" title="彭大">彭大</a>等人起义，攻占徐州城。这是红巾军攻克的第一个重镇。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E7%91%A9%E7%8E%89" title="彭瑩玉">彭莹玉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B9%E6%99%AE%E8%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="邹普胜">邹普胜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%AF%BF%E8%BE%89" class="mw-redirect" title="徐寿辉">徐寿辉</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="蕲州">蕲州</a>起义，国号<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="天完">天完</a>，改元治平，开创西系红军根据地。十一月，江西<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%8C" title="邓南二">邓南二</a>起义，攻瑞州，被镇压。十二月河南邓州<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%9D%83" class="mw-disambig" title="王权">王权</a>与张椿发动起义，攻占邓州、南阳（今河南南阳），时称“北琐红军”。 </p><p>惠宗至正十二年（1352年）正月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E6%B5%B7%E9%A9%AC" title="孟海马">孟海马</a>占领襄阳，称“南琐红军”；二月，<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="郭子兴">郭子兴</a>等起义于濠州（今安徽凤阳东北），后加入刘福通起义军<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>惠宗至正十三年（1353年）正月，盐徒<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="张士诚">张士诚</a>起兵<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="泰州">泰州</a>，襲據<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%83%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="高郵">高郵</a>，截南北路。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.113e.com/result/shizhai/ap32374324.html">元朝的人民起义</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2017年11月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《中国通史》第七卷·元代农民起义年表</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B0%91%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>［明］<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%BF%82" title="宋濂">宋濂</a> 等：《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%8F%B2" title="元史">元史</a>》</li></ul> </div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%BB%85%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="蒙古滅西夏之戰">蒙古滅西夏之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E9%87%91%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="蒙金戰爭">蒙金戰爭</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E7%8B%90%E5%B6%BA%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="野狐嶺戰役">野狐嶺戰役</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%90%89%E6%80%9D%E6%B1%97%E4%B8%89%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%BB%E9%87%91%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="成吉思汗三路攻金之战">成吉思汗三路攻金之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E5%BE%8B%E6%A5%9A%E6%9D%90" title="耶律楚材">耶律楚材归顺</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%8E%E9%BB%8E" title="木华黎">木华黎治理汉地</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%B3%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="三峰山之战">三峰山之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="蔡州之战">蔡州之战</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古入侵高丽">蒙古入侵高丽</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第一次入侵高丽">第一次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第二次入侵高丽">第二次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第三次入侵高丽">第三次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第四次入侵高丽">第四次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第五次入侵高丽">第五次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第六次入侵高丽">第六次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第七次入侵高丽">第七次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第八次入侵高丽">第八次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD" title="蒙古第九次入侵高丽">第九次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%81%E4%B8%9C%E7%AD%89%E5%A4%84%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E7%9C%81" title="征东等处行中书省">征东行省</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%A1%BF%E6%9D%91%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="也顿村之战">也顿村之战</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%88%8A%E6%88%8C%E9%80%89%E8%AF%95" title="戊戌选试">戊戌选试</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%AD%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%81" title="长子西征">蒙古第二次西征</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AF%9F" title="欽察">钦察草原</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%85%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="基辅罗斯">基辅罗斯等各公国</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E5%9F%BA%E8%BC%94%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="蒙古征服基輔羅斯">蒙古征服基輔羅斯</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E8%90%A8%E6%B2%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="蒂萨河之战">匈牙利</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6" title="摩尔多瓦">摩尔达维亚</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%BC%E5%8D%A1%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="列格尼卡战役">波兰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD" title="立陶宛大公国">立陶宛大公国</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9A" title="波希米亚">波希米亚</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="摩拉維亞">摩拉維亞</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="威尼斯共和国">威尼斯共和国</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" title="南斯拉夫">原南斯拉夫地区</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="保加利亚第二帝国">保加利亚第二帝国</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80%E5%8D%A1_(%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E)" title="拉什卡 (塞爾維亞)">拉什卡</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%9C%A3%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="神圣罗马帝国">神圣罗马帝国</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%89%E5%B7%9E%E4%BC%9A%E7%9B%9F" title="凉州会盟">凉州会盟</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%AD%E7%83%88%E5%85%80%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%81" title="旭烈兀西征">蒙古第三次西征</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E8%BE%9B%E6%B4%BE" title="阿薩辛派">征战木剌夷国</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">征战阿拔斯王朝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="蒙古入侵叙利亚">征战叙利亚的阿尤布王朝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%AA%81%E8%A2%AD%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="蒙古突袭巴勒斯坦">蒙古突袭巴勒斯坦</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%9D%E9%98%94%E5%8F%B0%E6%94%BB%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="窝阔台攻宋之战">窝阔台攻宋之战</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%94%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="沔州之战">沔州之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="真州之战">真州之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%B9%B3%E5%85%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(1236%E5%B9%B4)" title="阳平关之战 (1236年)">阳平关之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(1236%E5%B9%B4)" title="江陵之战 (1236年)">江陵之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="黄州之战">黄州之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%90%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="庐州之战">庐州之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E8%A5%84%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="京襄之战">京襄之战</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%AD%E5%AF%A8%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="大垭寨之战">大垭寨之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%99%E7%8E%A0%E9%98%B2%E8%9C%80%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="余玠防蜀之战">余玠防蜀之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BF%E6%98%A5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(1244%E5%B9%B4)" title="寿春之战 (1244年)">壽春之戰</a> ）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E5%90%90%E8%95%83" title="蒙古征服吐蕃">蒙古征服吐蕃</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E6%85%88%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="昭慈皇后">乃马真后称制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E6%B7%91%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="欽淑皇后">海迷失后称制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E7%81%AD%E5%A4%A7%E7%90%86%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="蒙古灭大理之战">蒙古灭大理之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%93%A5" title="蒙哥">蒙哥攻宋之戰</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%94%BB%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="蒙古攻四川之战">蒙古攻四川之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A3%E9%AD%9A%E5%9F%8E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="釣魚城之戰">釣魚城之戰</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="鄂州之战">鄂州之战</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E6%B1%97%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古四大汗国">蒙古四大汗国</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B8%B3%E6%B1%97%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="金帳汗國">金帳汗國</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%9F%E5%90%88%E5%8F%B0%E6%B1%97%E5%9C%8B" title="察合台汗國">察合台汗國</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%A9%E9%97%8A%E5%8F%B0%E6%B1%97%E5%9C%8B" title="窩闊台汗國">窩闊台汗國</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%92%E6%B1%97%E5%9C%8B" title="伊兒汗國">伊兒汗國</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%93%A5" title="阿里不哥">忽必烈與阿里不哥的爭位戰爭</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">建号大元</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B7%E8%AF%8F" title="建国号诏">建国号诏</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD" title="元大都">营建大都</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%92%AE" title="李璮">李璮叛亂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%85%83%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="宋元战争">元宋战争</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%84%E6%A8%8A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="襄樊之战">襄樊之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E5%AE%B6%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="丁家洲之战">丁家洲之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AD%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="潭州之战">潭州之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A9%E7%A5%A5" title="文天祥">文天祥抗元</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%96%E9%97%A8%E6%B5%B7%E6%88%98" title="崖门海战">崖山海战</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97" title="马可·波罗">马可·波罗来华</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9B%B2" title="元曲">元曲勃兴</a>（《<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%86%A4" title="窦娥冤">窦娥冤</a>》<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AD" title="拜月亭">拜月亭</a>》<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%B9%BD%E5%A4%A2%E5%AD%A4%E9%9B%81%E6%BC%A2%E5%AE%AE%E7%A7%8B" title="破幽夢孤雁漢宮秋">汉宫秋</a>》<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 《<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%A7%E6%A1%90%E9%9B%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="梧桐雨">梧桐雨</a>》<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8E%A2%E8%AE%B0" title="西厢记">西厢记</a>》<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 《<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%A9%E5%A5%B3%E9%9B%A2%E9%AD%82" class="mw-redirect" title="倩女離魂">倩女离魂</a>》）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BD%E5%BF%85%E7%83%88" title="忽必烈">忽必烈改制</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E7%9C%81" title="中书省">一省制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E7%9C%81" title="行中书省">行中书省</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%B2%BB%E8%97%8F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="元朝治藏歷史">治理西藏</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E6%94%BF%E9%99%A2" title="宣政院">宣政院</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%83%A0%E6%B2%B3" title="通惠河">开凿通惠河</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E7%8E%8B" title="宗王">宗王出镇</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%80%9D%E5%B7%B4%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="八思巴字母">八思巴文</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3%E5%BA%AB%E9%87%8C%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%B0%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83" title="塔拉斯河庫里爾台大會">塔拉斯河庫里爾台大會</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E8%B6%8A%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="蒙越戰爭">元越戰爭</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%AD%89%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%B6" title="四等人制">四等人制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%97%A5%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="元日战争">元日战争</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%97%A5%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="元日战争">文永之役</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%AF%87%E9%98%B2%E5%A3%98" title="元寇防壘">元寇防壘</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%97%A5%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="元日战争">弘安之役</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%BC%85%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="元缅战争">元缅战争</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E5%92%8C%E7%88%AA%E5%93%87%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="元朝和爪哇的战争">元爪战争</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%83%BD" title="海都">海都之亂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%90%88%E9%A9%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="阿合马">阿合马理财</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%88%90%E5%AE%97#四大汗国重新承认元朝的宗主地位" title="元成宗">重新成為四大汗國宗主</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%A9%E9%97%8A%E5%8F%B0%E6%B1%97%E5%9C%8B" title="窩闊台汗國">瓜分窩闊台汗國</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="大都政變">大都政變</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%AD%A6%E5%AE%97" title="元武宗">武宗继统</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E4%BB%81%E4%B9%8B%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="武仁之約">武仁之約</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="元仁宗">仁宗继立</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E7%A5%90%E7%B6%93%E7%90%86" title="延祐經理">延祐經理</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E7%A5%90%E5%BE%A9%E7%A7%91" title="延祐復科">延祐復科</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E5%85%88%E4%B8%8D%E8%8A%B1" title="也先不花">击败也先不花</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%97" title="元明宗">外放和世琜</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%96%87%E5%AE%97" title="元文宗">放逐图帖睦尔</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E8%8B%B1%E5%AE%97" title="元英宗">英宗改制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E6%9C%A8%E8%BF%AD%E5%84%BF" title="铁木迭儿">除铁木迭儿</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%83%E9%80%9A%E5%88%B6" title="大元通制">大元通制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%9D%A1%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98" title="南坡之变">南坡之变</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%AE%9A%E5%B8%9D" title="泰定帝">泰定帝</a>即位<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A1%BA%E5%B8%9D_(%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D)" title="天顺帝 (元朝)">天顺帝</a>失踪<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%96%87%E5%AE%97" title="元文宗">文宗即位</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%97" title="元明宗">明宗即位</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%9B%86%E4%B9%8B%E8%AE%8A" title="天曆之變">天曆之變</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E7%AB%A0%E9%96%A3" title="奎章閣">设立奎章阁</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%A0%86%E5%B8%9D" title="元順帝">惠宗继立</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%B0%E6%94%BF" title="至正新政">至正新政</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E8%84%B1%E6%9B%B4%E5%8C%96" title="脱脱更化">脱脱更化</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E6%AD%A3%E6%9D%A1%E6%A0%BC" title="至正条格">至正条格</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E8%84%B1" title="脱脱">脱脱修史</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="宋史">宋史</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%8F%B2" title="辽史">辽史</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2" title="金史">金史</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%AD%9D" title="二十四孝">二十四孝</a>》出书<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%90%E7%9B%91" title="国子监">大兴国子监</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E9%AD%AF" title="賈魯">贾鲁治黄河</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">元末民变</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E5%B7%BE%E8%BB%8D" title="紅巾軍">红巾军起义</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%B1%B1%E7%AB%A5" title="韩山童">韩山童被杀</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%9E%97%E5%84%BF" title="韩林儿">韩林儿起义</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A3%BD%E8%BC%9D" title="徐壽輝">徐寿辉起义</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E8%88%88" title="郭子興">郭子兴起义</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%A3%AB%E8%AA%A0" title="張士誠">张士诚起事</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A6%E6%80%9D%E5%B7%B4%E5%A5%9A%E5%85%B5%E4%B9%B1" title="亦思巴奚兵乱">亦思巴奚兵乱</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋">朱元璋崛起</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%B1%E9%99%BD%E6%B9%96%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="鄱陽湖之戰">鄱陽湖之戰</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="徐达北伐">元帝北归</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%85%83" title="北元">北元</a>与<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" title="明代蒙古">明代蒙古</a>诸部</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" class="mw-disambig" title="明太祖北伐">洪武北伐</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E5%BE%81" class="mw-redirect" title="明太祖第一次北征">第一次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第二次北伐">第二次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第三次北伐">第三次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第四次北伐">第四次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第五次北伐">第五次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第六次北伐">第六次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第七次北伐">第七次</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第八次北伐">第八次</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%8C%B7%E8%AD%98%E7%90%86%E9%81%94%E8%87%98" title="愛猷識理達臘">昭宗继统</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E5%8F%A4%E6%80%9D%E5%B8%96%E6%9C%A8%E5%84%BF" title="脱古思帖木儿">天元帝遇害</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%93%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%9C%96%E6%B1%97#也速迭儿" title="卓里克圖汗">也速迭儿夺位</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 蒙古分裂（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%91%E9%9D%BC_(%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4)" title="鞑靼 (蒙古)">鞑靼</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%89%8C" title="瓦剌">瓦剌</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96%E8%BF%9C%E5%BE%81%E6%BC%A0%E5%8C%97%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="明成祖远征漠北之战">永乐北征</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A5%AE%E9%A9%AC%E6%B2%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%8D%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="饮马河之捷">饮马河之捷</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%87%BD" title="脱懽">脱欢统一瓦剌</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%B2%81%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="阿鲁台">阿鲁台败亡</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%99%9C%E5%8D%97%E5%80%AD" title="北虜南倭">瓦剌攻明</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%90%8C%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="大同之战">大同之战</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%A0%A1%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98" title="土木堡之变">土木堡之变</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%88%E4%BF%9D%E5%8D%AB%E6%88%98" title="京师保卫战">京师保卫战</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E5%85%88" title="也先">也先太师篡位</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%A1%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9#衰落" title="四衛拉特">瓦剌衰落</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%BB%B6%E6%B1%97%E5%BE%81%E8%AE%A8%E9%84%82%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF" title="达延汗征讨鄂尔多斯">达延汗中兴</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%BA%E7%AD%94%E6%B1%97" title="俺答汗">俺答称汗</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%9F%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" title="察哈尔八部">察哈尔东迁</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%80%E8%89%AF%E5%93%88%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%AB" title="兀良哈三卫">兼并兀良哈</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9A%E6%88%8C%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98" title="庚戌之变">庚戌之变</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%BA%E7%AD%94%E5%B0%81%E8%B4%A1" title="俺答封贡">俺答封贡</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%8B%92%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="古勒山之战">女真兴起</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E9%87%91%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E5%AF%9F%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94" title="后金征服察哈尔">后金灭亡察哈尔</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding: 0px;"><div><div style="background-color:#8B2323;font-weight:bold;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="中国历史年表"><span style="color:white">中國歷史事件</span></a></div> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%82%B3%E7%96%91%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:中國傳疑時代歷史事件">傳疑時代</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:夏朝歷史事件">夏朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:商朝歷史事件">商朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:西周歷史事件">西周</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ 東周（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:春秋歷史事件">春秋</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:戰國歷史事件">戰國</a>）</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:秦朝歷史事件">秦朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:漢朝歷史事件">漢朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:三國歷史事件">三國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%99%89%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:晉朝歷史事件">晉朝</a>／<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:五胡十六國歷史事件">十六國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:南北朝歷史事件">南北朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:隋朝歷史事件">隋朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:唐朝歷史事件">唐朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:五代十國歷史事件">五代十國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:宋朝歷史事件">宋朝</a>／<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%81%BC%E9%87%91%E5%A4%8F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:遼金夏歷史事件">遼金夏</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b>元朝</b> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:明朝歷史事件">明朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:清朝歷史事件">清朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期">中華民國</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=元朝民變&oldid=83660305">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=元朝民變&oldid=83660305</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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