CINXE.COM

Climate | SEI

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-GB"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <!-- Google Chrome Frame for IE --> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta id="viewport" name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <!-- Favicons --> <meta name="theme-color" content="#00D297"> <script type='application/ld+json'>{ "@context": "http:\/\/www.schema.org", "dateCreated": "2017-11-21 12:34:30", "dateModified": "2023-08-15 21:14:36", "datePublished": "2017-11-21 12:34:30", "description": "SEI focuses on effective, equitable ways to mitigate and adapt to climate change for a safer climate for all.", "image": "https:\/\/www.sei.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash.jpg?modtime=", "inLanguage": { "@type": "Language", "name": "English" }, "keywords": "", "name": "Climate", "url": "https:\/\/www.sei.org\/topics\/climate\/" }</script> <!-- Google Tag Manager DataLayer Custom Variables --> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push( { 'event': 'content', 'data' : { "postPublishedDate": "2017-11-21" } }, ); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script class="_iub_cs_activate" data-iub-purposes="2" type="text/plain"> (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start' : new Date().getTime(), event : 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-WGWZMTT'); </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/fonts/calibre-regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/fonts/calibre-semibold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <!-- WordPress head functions --> <script type="text/javascript" class="_iub_cs_skip"> var _iub = _iub || {}; _iub.csConfiguration = _iub.csConfiguration || {}; _iub.csConfiguration.siteId = "2825234"; _iub.csConfiguration.cookiePolicyId = "19848806"; </script> <script class="_iub_cs_skip" src="https://cs.iubenda.com/autoblocking/2825234.js"></script> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.4 (Yoast SEO v24.4) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Climate | SEI</title> <meta name="description" content="SEI focuses on effective, equitable ways to mitigate and adapt to climate change for a safer climate for all." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Climate" /> <meta property="og:description" content="SEI focuses on effective, equitable ways to mitigate and adapt to climate change for a safer climate for all." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="SEI" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="http://www.facebook.com/StockholmEnvironmentInstitute" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-08-15T19:14:36+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash-1488x906.jpg?modtime=" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash-1488x906.jpg?modtime=" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@SEIresearch" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/","url":"https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/","name":"Climate | SEI","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.sei.org/#website"},"datePublished":"2017-11-21T11:34:30+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-15T19:14:36+00:00","description":"SEI focuses on effective, equitable ways to mitigate and adapt to climate change for a safer climate for all.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.sei.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Climate"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.sei.org/#website","url":"https://www.sei.org/","name":"SEI","description":"Bridging science and policy since 1989","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.sei.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.sei.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.sei.org/#organization","name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","url":"https://www.sei.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https://www.sei.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/sei-logo.png?modtime=","contentUrl":"https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/sei-logo.png?modtime=","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"Stockholm Environment Institute"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.sei.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["http://www.facebook.com/StockholmEnvironmentInstitute","https://x.com/SEIresearch","http://www.linkedin.com/company/stockholm-environment-institute"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.iubenda.com' /> <style id='safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .safe-svg-cover{text-align:center}.safe-svg-cover .safe-svg-inside{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.safe-svg-cover svg{height:100%;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-styles-css' href='https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=2.26' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.sei.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.sei.org/?p=462' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sei.org%2Ftopics%2Fclimate%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sei.org%2Ftopics%2Fclimate%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/cropped-favicon-20180207-2-150x150.jpg?modtime=" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/cropped-favicon-20180207-2-201x201.jpg?modtime=" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/cropped-favicon-20180207-2-201x201.jpg?modtime=" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/cropped-favicon-20180207-2-300x300.jpg?modtime=" /> <!-- end of WordPress head --> </head> <body class="topic-template topic-template-tmpl-topic topic-template-tmpl-topic-php single single-topic postid-462 topic-climate"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WGWZMTT" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a class="c-skip-navigation" href="#content" title="Skip navigation"> <div class="o-container"> <span class="c-skip-navigation__text">Skip navigation</span> </div> </a> <header class="c-header js-header"> <div class="o-container"> <div class="c-header__inner"> <a class="c-header__logo-wrapper" href="https://www.sei.org"> <img class="c-header__logo" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/src/sprite-images/logo.svg?v2.0" alt="SEI Logo"/> </a> <div class="c-header__content-wrapper"> <button class="c-header__hamburger js-header-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mobile-menu-wrapper" type="button"> <span class="u-accessible-hide">Menu</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--hamburger "><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#hamburger"/></svg> </button> <div class="c-header__menu-wrapper js-menu-wrapper"> <div class="c-header__left-menu-wrapper"><ul id="menu-main-menu-left" class="c-main-menu c-main-menu--left"><li id="menu-item-96" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-96"><a href="https://www.sei.org/publications/">Publications</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146689" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-146689"><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-button js-sub-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="sub-menu-146689" type="button">Commentary <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon--bold"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold"/></svg> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon--regular"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron"/></svg> </button><div class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-wrapper c-main-menu__sub-menu-wrapper--level-0 js-sub-menu" id="sub-menu-146689"> <div class="c-mega-nav-featured js-mega-nav-featured"> <div class="o-container"> <div class="c-mega-nav-featured__inner js-mega-nav-featured-inner"> <p class="c-mega-nav-featured__heading">Editor’s choice</p> <div class="c-mega-nav-featured__card-container"> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1251525167-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1251525167-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1251525167-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="A snow leopard bounding along a snowy cliff-edge, in front of a wide valley; snow-capped mountains in the distance." class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/features/life-extinction-risk-metric/"> <span class="c-card__title"> LIFE at the edges of extinction </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimage1142828089-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimage1142828089-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimage1142828089-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Bright image of wooden promenade at the waterfront of Bridgetown in Barbados. Colorful building against blue sky with white clouds. Boats and yachts in the harbor." class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/decolonial-climate-finance-assessing-proposed-reforms/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Decolonial climate finance in practice: assessing proposed reforms </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-485899154-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-485899154-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-485899154-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/climate-migration-justice-pathways/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Climate change, migration and justice: SEI&#8217;s research and pathways for overcoming challenges </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-1461631610-cropped-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-1461631610-cropped-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-1461631610-cropped-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Illegal deforestation in the Amazon, Brazil." class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/features/brazilian-soy-exports-and-deforestation/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Trase: Brazilian soy exports and deforestation </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu c-main-menu__sub-menu--level-0'><button class="c-main-menu__back-button js-menu-back-button" type="button"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron c-main-menu__back-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron"/></svg> Back</button><div class='o-container'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> <li id="menu-item-99" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-99"><a href="https://www.sei.org/perspectives/">Perspectives</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146694" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146694"><a href="https://www.sei.org/features/">Features</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146691" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146691"><a href="https://www.sei.org/press-room/">Press room</a> </li > </ul></div></div> </div ></li > <li id="menu-item-146690" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146690"><a href="https://www.sei.org/tools/">Tools</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-109" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-109"><a href="https://www.sei.org/events/">Events</a> </li > </ul></div> <div class="c-header__right-menu-wrapper"><ul id="menu-main-menu-right" class="c-main-menu c-main-menu--right"><li id="menu-item-146659" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146659"><a href="https://www.sei.org/projects/">Projects</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146660" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146660"><a href="https://www.sei.org/people/">People</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146661" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146661"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/organization/centres/">Centres</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146662" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-146662"><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-button js-sub-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="sub-menu-146662" type="button">About <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon--bold"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold"/></svg> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon c-main-menu__list-item-button-icon--regular"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron"/></svg> </button><div class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-wrapper c-main-menu__sub-menu-wrapper--level-0 js-sub-menu" id="sub-menu-146662"> <div class="c-mega-nav-featured js-mega-nav-featured"> <div class="o-container"> <div class="c-mega-nav-featured__inner js-mega-nav-featured-inner"> <p class="c-mega-nav-featured__heading">Announcements</p> <div class="c-mega-nav-featured__card-container"> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/strategy-cover-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/strategy-cover-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/strategy-cover-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/strategy-2025-29/"> <span class="c-card__title"> SEI strategy 2025–29 </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-8737947241-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-8737947241-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gettyimages-8737947241-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="The view from under a breaking wave with the sun shining through" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/collections/sei-currents-2025/"> <span class="c-card__title"> SEI Currents 2025 </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gettyimages-1667314776-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gettyimages-1667314776-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gettyimages-1667314776-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Four people commuting along a riverside pathway, with two riding bicycles, one on an electric scooter, and one walking. The background features calm water and a cityscape with modern buildings under a clear sky." class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/organization/policies/sustainability-at-sei/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Sustainability at SEI </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="c-card c-card--in-menu "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/appolinary-kalashnikova-wyghtlym344-unsplash-748x420.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/appolinary-kalashnikova-wyghtlym344-unsplash-550x309.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/appolinary-kalashnikova-wyghtlym344-unsplash-1000x561.jpg?modtime=" alt="Valley of windmills" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/contact/newsletter/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Global newsletter </span> </a> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu c-main-menu__sub-menu--level-0'><button class="c-main-menu__back-button js-menu-back-button" type="button"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron c-main-menu__back-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron"/></svg> Back</button><div class='o-container'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> <li id="menu-item-146663" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-146663"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/">About SEI</a><button class="c-main-menu__sub-list-item-button js-sub-sub-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" type="button"><span class="u-accessible-hide">Toggle the sub-menu</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold c-main-menu__sub-list-item-button-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold"/></svg> </button> <div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu c-main-menu__sub-menu--level-1 js-sub-menu js-horizontal-scrolling'><button class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button--left js-arrow js-arrow-left" aria-label="Scroll left"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-right c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-right"/></svg> </button><button class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button--right js-arrow js-arrow-right" aria-label=\"Scroll right\"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-right c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-right"/></svg> </button><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list js-horizontal-scrolling__scrollable"> <li id="menu-item-146664" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146664"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/governance/">Governance</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146665" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146665"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/organization/">Organization</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146666" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146666"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/strategy/">Strategy</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-183216" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-183216"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/results-and-impact/">Results and impact</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146668" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146668"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/opportunities/">Opportunities</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146805" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-146805"><a href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/contact/">Contact</a> </li > </ul></div> </li > <li id="menu-item-146673" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-146673"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/">Topics</a><button class="c-main-menu__sub-list-item-button js-sub-sub-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" type="button"><span class="u-accessible-hide">Toggle the sub-menu</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold c-main-menu__sub-list-item-button-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold"/></svg> </button> <div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu c-main-menu__sub-menu--level-1 js-sub-menu js-horizontal-scrolling'><button class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button--left js-arrow js-arrow-left" aria-label="Scroll left"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-right c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-right"/></svg> </button><button class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button--right js-arrow js-arrow-right" aria-label=\"Scroll right\"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-right c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-right"/></svg> </button><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list js-horizontal-scrolling__scrollable"> <li id="menu-item-146674" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic current-menu-item menu-item-146674"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate/">Climate</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146675" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146675"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/water/">Water</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146676" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146676"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/air/">Air</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146677" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146677"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/land/">Land</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146678" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146678"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/energy/">Energy</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146679" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146679"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/governance/">Governance</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146680" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146680"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/economy/">Economy</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146681" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146681"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/gender/">Gender</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146682" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-topic menu-item-146682"><a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/health/">Health</a> </li > </ul></div> </li > <li id="menu-item-146683" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-146683"><a href="https://www.sei.org/regions/">Regions</a><button class="c-main-menu__sub-list-item-button js-sub-sub-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" type="button"><span class="u-accessible-hide">Toggle the sub-menu</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold c-main-menu__sub-list-item-button-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold"/></svg> </button> <div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu c-main-menu__sub-menu--level-1 js-sub-menu js-horizontal-scrolling'><button class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button--left js-arrow js-arrow-left" aria-label="Scroll left"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-right c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-right"/></svg> </button><button class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-button--right js-arrow js-arrow-right" aria-label=\"Scroll right\"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-right c-main-menu__sub-menu-scrolling-arrow"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-right"/></svg> </button><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list js-horizontal-scrolling__scrollable"> <li id="menu-item-146686" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-146686"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/africa/">Africa</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146687" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-146687"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/americas/">Americas</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146783" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-146783"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/antarctica/">Antarctica</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-162560" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-162560"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/arctic/">Arctic</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146685" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-146685"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/asia/">Asia</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146688" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-146688"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/australia-and-oceania/">Australia and Oceania</a> </li > <li id="menu-item-146684" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-region menu-item-146684"><a href="https://www.sei.org/region/europe/">Europe</a> </li > </ul></div> </li > </ul></div></div> </div ></li > </ul></div> </div> <button class="c-header__search-button js-header-search-button" aria-controls="header-search" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="u-accessible-hide">Toggle the keyword search input</span> <span class="c-header__search-button-icon c-header__search-button-icon--regular"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--search "><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#search"/></svg> </span> <span class="c-header__search-button-icon c-header__search-button-icon--bold"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--search-bold "><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#search-bold"/></svg> </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="c-header-search js-header-search" id="header-search"> <div class="o-container o-container--grid"> <form class="c-header-search__form js-header-search" action="https://www.sei.org/" method="get" role="search"> <div class="c-autocomplete c-autocomplete--header js-autocomplete"> <input class="c-header-search__form-input js-header-search-input js-autocomplete-field" name="s" maxlength="50" type="search" placeholder="Type to search" aria-label="Search" autocomplete="off"/> <ul class="c-autocomplete__list js-autocomplete-list"></ul> <button class="c-header-search__submit o-button o-button--large" type="submit"> <span class="c-header-search__submit-text">Search</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--search-large c-header-search__submit-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#search-large"/></svg> </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="content"></div> <nav class="c-breadcrumbs " aria-label="Breadcrumb navigation"> <div class="c-breadcrumbs__container o-container"> <ol class="c-breadcrumbs__inner"> <li class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb "> <a class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb-link" href="https://www.sei.org"> SEI </a> </li> <li class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb ancestor c-breadcrumbs__crumb--is-last"> <a class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb-link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/"> Topics </a> </li> </ol> </div> </nav> <section class="c-page-header c-page-header--has-image c-page-header--topic"> <div class="c-page-header__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]><video style="display: none;"><![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash-1800x770.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:1025px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash-1024x685.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash-550x883.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/nasa-wkt3te5aqu0-unsplash-1800x770.jpg?modtime=" alt="Aerial view of Caspian Sea and land" class="c-page-header__image" alt="Aerial view of Caspian Sea and land" fetchpriority="high"></picture> </div> <div class="c-page-header__container"> <div class="c-page-header__content-wrapper o-container"> <div class="c-page-header__content"> <h1 class="c-page-header__title"> Climate </h1> <p class="c-page-header__blurb"> To meet ambitious climate targets, we must transform our energy systems, how we use natural resources, and how we produce and consume goods and food. We must also adapt to climate impacts. SEI focuses on effective, equitable ways to mitigate and adapt to climate change for a safer climate for all. </p> </div> </div> </div> </section> <nav class="c-accordion-menu js-accordion-menu"> <div class="c-accordion-menu__container"> <div class="c-accordion-menu__inner"> <button class="c-accordion-menu__toggle-button js-accordion-menu-button" aria-controls="#accordion-menu-links" aria-expanded="false" type="button"> Subtopics <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold "><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold" /></svg> </button> <div class="c-accordion-menu__link-wrapper js-accordion-menu-content" id="accordion-menu-links"> <h2 class="c-accordion-menu__heading">Subtopics:</h2> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/adaptation/?parent_topic=climate"> Adaptation </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate-policy/?parent_topic=climate"> Climate policy </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate-services/?parent_topic=climate"> Climate services </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/disaster-risk/?parent_topic=climate"> Disaster risk </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/finance/?parent_topic=climate"> Finance </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/fossil-fuels/?parent_topic=climate"> Fossil fuels </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/mitigation/?parent_topic=climate"> Mitigation </a> <a class="c-accordion-menu__link" href="https://www.sei.org/topics/short-lived-climate-pollutants/?parent_topic=climate"> Short-lived climate pollutants </a> </div> </div> <button class="c-accordion-menu__toggle-more-button js-accordion-menu-toggle-more-button" type="button"> <span class="js-toggle-more-button-text" data-hide-text="Hide" data-show-text="Show all">Show all</span> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--chevron-bold "><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#chevron-bold" /></svg> </button> </div> </nav> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--full-width c-card-block--layout-compact o-section o-section--has-background c-card-block--light-grey has-light-grey-background js-full-width" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> <a href="https://www.sei.org/?page_id=22890">Initiatives</a> </h2> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-compact-item"> <div class="c-compact-item__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-compact-item__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-1044343492-1-274x152.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-1044343492-1-100x56.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-1044343492-1-274x152.webp?modtime=" alt="" class="c-compact-item__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <a class="c-compact-item__link" href="https://www.sei.org/projects/integrated-climate-and-development-planning/"> <span class="c-compact-item__title"> Integrated climate and development planning </span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="c-compact-item"> <div class="c-compact-item__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-compact-item__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-905963140-1-274x152.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-905963140-1-100x56.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-905963140-1-274x152.webp?modtime=" alt="2 miners in tunnel with shovels, black and white photo" class="c-compact-item__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <a class="c-compact-item__link" href="https://www.sei.org/projects/carbon-lock-in/"> <span class="c-compact-item__title"> Carbon lock-in </span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="c-compact-item"> <div class="c-compact-item__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-compact-item__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-171356239-1-e1582622408485-274x152.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-171356239-1-e1582622408485-100x56.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/gettyimages-171356239-1-e1582622408485-274x152.webp?modtime=" alt="Boat filled with pineapples" class="c-compact-item__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <a class="c-compact-item__link" href="https://www.sei.org/projects/water-beyond-boundaries/"> <span class="c-compact-item__title"> Water beyond boundaries </span> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--full-width c-card-block--layout-compact o-section o-section--has-background c-card-block--light-grey has-light-grey-background js-full-width" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> <a href="https://www.sei.org/projects-and-tools/">Projects and tools</a> </h2> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-compact-item"> <div class="c-compact-item__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-compact-item__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/gettyimages-2041927358-v2-274x152.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/gettyimages-2041927358-v2-100x56.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/gettyimages-2041927358-v2-274x152.webp?modtime=" alt="Woman carrying a small solar panel in Botswana" class="c-compact-item__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <a class="c-compact-item__link" href="https://www.sei.org/tools/weadapt/"> <span class="c-compact-item__title"> weADAPT: Global platform for knowledge exchange on climate adaptation </span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="c-compact-item"> <div class="c-compact-item__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-compact-item__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/img-0599b-274x152.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/img-0599b-100x56.jpg?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/img-0599b-274x152.jpg?modtime=" alt="Launch of the Stockholm Climate Security Hub at World Water Week in Stockholm." class="c-compact-item__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <a class="c-compact-item__link" href="https://www.sei.org/projects/stockholm-climate-security-hub/"> <span class="c-compact-item__title"> Stockholm Climate Security Hub </span> </a> </div> </article> <article class="c-compact-item"> <div class="c-compact-item__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-compact-item__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/hub-274x152.png?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/hub-100x56.png?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/hub-274x152.png?modtime=" alt="" class="c-compact-item__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <a class="c-compact-item__link" href="https://www.sei.org/tools/the-connectivity-hub/"> <span class="c-compact-item__title"> The Connectivity Hub </span> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button" href="https://www.sei.org/search/?select-post_type%5B%5D=project&amp;select-post_type%5B%5D=tool&amp;select-language%5B%5D=english&amp;hidden-current-page=1#listing">All projects and tools</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Adaptation </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> Adaptation to climate change is a key area of SEI&#039;s research. In particular, we focus on adaptation policy and finance under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, vulnerability assessments, capacity building and community-based adaptation. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-aa029243-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-aa029243-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-aa029243-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/perspectives/five-insights-uk-climate-change-adaptation/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Five insights from the launch of a new initiative to help the UK adapt to climate change </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Perspective</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> This perspective offers five insights that emerged from the launch of the MACC Hub, an initiative to help the UK adapt to the impacts of climate change. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">18 February 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/adaptation/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Adaptation</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topics/adaptation/?parent_topic=climate">More on adaptation</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Climate policy </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> SEI’s work sheds light on major ethical issues in climate policy, examines key governance challenges, and offers new analytical frameworks centred on equity. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1739540667-ramping-up-climate-action-in-bih-communities-748x420.webp?modtime=1739881646" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1739540667-ramping-up-climate-action-in-bih-communities-550x309.webp?modtime=1739881646" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/1739540667-ramping-up-climate-action-in-bih-communities-1000x561.webp?modtime=1739881646" alt="" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/features/ramping-up-climate-action-in-bih-communities/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Ramping up climate action in BiH communities </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Feature</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> A workshop in Tuzla brought Bosnian communities together to plan climate action, focusing on investment strategies, funding and sustainable solutions. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">18 February 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate-policy/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Climate policy</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/finance/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Finance</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/climate-policy/?parent_topic=climate">More on climate policy</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Climate services </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> Effective climate action should rest on reliable, relevant information. SEI&#039;s recognised expertise in climate science, policy engagement, decision-support tools and science communication make us uniquely well placed for the emerging field of climate services. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lusaka-table-v2-748x420.webp?modtime=1738047523" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lusaka-table-v2-550x309.webp?modtime=1738047523" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/lusaka-table-v2-1000x561.webp?modtime=1738047523" alt="" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/text-network-analysis-based-decision-framework/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Integrating social narratives of flood events into a text network analysis-based decision support framework to reduce vulnerability to climate change in Africa </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Journal article</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> This article highlights the benefits of a co-creative, narrative-based methodology used to solicit residents&#039; input for building resilience to floods in Africa. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">28 January 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/adaptation/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Adaptation</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate-services/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Climate services</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/disaster-risk/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Disaster Risk</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/climate-services/?parent_topic=climate">More on climate services</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Disaster risk </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> Our research recognizes that disaster risk and development are closely linked: it is development processes that largely determine who and what is exposed to risk as well how much, and how effectively they can respond. SEI works to integrate disaster risk reduction with equitable, sustainable and resilient development. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-555173785-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-555173785-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-555173785-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Warning floor in flooded place" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/hydrometeorological-resilience-assessment/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Hydrometeorological resilience assessment of interconnected critical infrastructures </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Journal article</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> This study models flood risks to critical infrastructure in Halmstad, Sweden, identifying key vulnerabilities and cascading failure risks. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">17 February 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/adaptation/?parent_topic=water" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Adaptation</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/disaster-risk/?parent_topic=water" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Disaster Risk</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/mitigation/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Mitigation</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/planning-modelling/?parent_topic=water" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Planning and modelling</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/public-policy/?parent_topic=governance" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Public policy</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/disaster-risk/?parent_topic=climate">More on disaster risk</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Finance </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> Our research focuses on the effectiveness, efficiency and fairness of the international climate finance regime, but also looks beyond it, at how the global financial system at large either supports or undermines the societal transitions needed to achieve sustainable development. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1448607390-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1448607390-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1448607390-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Black man, engineer or solar energy management in electricity sustainability, solar panels or sun grid plant. Worker, employee or technician on renewable energy farm, biodegradable environment or eco" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/ndfs-mitigation-finance/"> <span class="c-card__title"> NDFs mitigation finance: a portfolio evaluation </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Other publication</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> This paper evaluates Nordic Development Fund projects on climate impact, systemic change, co-benefits, and transparency using transformation finance principles. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">18 February 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/finance/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Finance</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/mitigation/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Mitigation</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/finance/?parent_topic=climate">More on finance</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Fossil fuels </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> How do the institutions, investments and infrastructure that support fossil fuel production lock-in dependence on fossil fuels? What strategies can help societies shift away from such dependence? SEI addresses these questions through timely, policy-relevant research and communications. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1431780181-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1431780181-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1431780181-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Brown, white and spotted black-and-white cows, each marked with numbers, are confined to metal pens at a cattle ranch in Colombia." class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/perspectives/perils-shifting-coal-livestock-cesar-colombia/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Replacing one polluting sector with another? The perils of shifting from coal to livestock in Cesar, Colombia </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Perspective</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> As Colombia seeks a shift away from fossil fuel extraction, SEI experts warn against replacing one polluting sector with another. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">12 February 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/business/?parent_topic=economy" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Business</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/food-agriculture/?parent_topic=land" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Food and agriculture</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/fossil-fuels/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Fossil fuels</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/public-policy/?parent_topic=governance" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Public policy</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/fossil-fuels/?parent_topic=climate">More on fossil fuels</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Mitigation </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> Avoiding dangerous climate change requires ambitious action to deeply reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the international, national, and local community levels. SEI informs, supports and advises decision-makers and civil society on possible pathways to an equitable, low-carbon future. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1448607390-748x420.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1448607390-550x309.webp?modtime=" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/gettyimages-1448607390-1000x561.webp?modtime=" alt="Black man, engineer or solar energy management in electricity sustainability, solar panels or sun grid plant. Worker, employee or technician on renewable energy farm, biodegradable environment or eco" class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/publications/ndfs-mitigation-finance/"> <span class="c-card__title"> NDFs mitigation finance: a portfolio evaluation </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Other publication</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> This paper evaluates Nordic Development Fund projects on climate impact, systemic change, co-benefits, and transparency using transformation finance principles. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">18 February 2025 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/finance/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Finance</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/mitigation/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Mitigation</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/mitigation/?parent_topic=climate">More on mitigation</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="c-card-block c-card-block--content-width c-card-block--layout-stacked o-section" > <div class="o-container"> <header class="c-card-block__header"> <h2 class="c-card-block__title"> Short-lived climate pollutants </h2> <p class="c-card-block__description"> We assess the impacts of and work to reduce the levels of short-lived climate pollutants – such as soot, methane and ozone – in the atmosphere. These agents affect human health and contribute to global warming. </p> </header> <div class="c-card-block__card-outer"> <div class="c-card-block__cards"> <article class="c-card c-card--stacked "> <div class="c-card__link-wrapper"> <div class="c-card__image-wrapper"> <picture><!--[if IE 9]&gt;<video>&lt;![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/caroline-sawe-image-square-crop-tryingagain-748x420.webp?modtime=1728904706" media="(min-width:550px)"><source srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/caroline-sawe-image-square-crop-tryingagain-550x309.webp?modtime=1728904706" media="(min-width:1px)"><!--[if IE 9]&gt;</video>&lt;![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/caroline-sawe-image-square-crop-tryingagain-750x561.webp?modtime=1728904706" alt="Caroline Sawe wearing a patterned shirt, speaking and gesturing while seated in a modern, bright room with a plant in the background." class="c-card__image" loading="lazy"></picture> </div> <div class="c-card__text-wrapper"> <a class="c-card__link" href="https://www.sei.org/people/meet-sei/meet-caroline-sawe-research-associate/"> <span class="c-card__title"> Meet Caroline Sawe, Research Associate </span> </a> <p class="c-card__description"> <span class="c-card__type">Meet SEI</span> <span class="c-card__type"> / </span> Through her role at SEI York, Caroline has been able to support governments who are tackling air pollution and climate change simultaneously. </p> <div class="c-card__bottom-meta"> <p class="c-card__bottom-meta-text"> <span class="c-card__date">14 October 2024 /</span> <span>About</span> <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/climate-policy/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Climate policy</a>, <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/pollution/?parent_topic=air" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Pollution</a> and <a href="https://www.sei.org/topics/short-lived-climate-pollutants/?parent_topic=climate" class="c-card__bottom-meta-link">Short lived climate pollutants</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="c-card-block__button-wrapper"> <div class="c-card-block__button"> <a class="o-button " href="https://www.sei.org/topic/short-lived-climate-pollutants/?parent_topic=climate">More on short-lived climate pollutants</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <footer class="c-footer"> <section class="c-newsletter-signup js-newsletter"> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__background-image"></div> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__container o-container"> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__wrapper"> <h2 class="c-newsletter-signup__heading">Sign up to the global SEI newsletter</h2> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__text"> <p>Get the latest updates and invitations to your inbox with SEI&#8217;s global newsletter.</p> </div> <!-- Begin MailChimp Signup Form --> <form action="/about-sei/contact/newsletter/" method="get" class="validate c-newsletter-signup__form" target="_blank"> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__fields"> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__group"> <label class="c-newsletter-signup__label" for="mc-email">Email address <span class="asterisk">*</span></label> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__input-wrapper"> <input type="email" value="" name="mc-email" class="required email c-newsletter-signup__input js-newsletter-input" id="mc-email" placeholder="Your email address" required> <input type="submit" value="Subscribe" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="c-newsletter-signup__form-button js-newsletter-btn" tabindex="0"> </div> </div> <div class="c-newsletter-signup__checkbox-wrapper"> <input class="c-newsletter-signup__checkbox js-newsletter-checkbox" type="checkbox" name="mc-accepted" id="accepted" value="1" tabindex="0" required/> <label class="c-newsletter-signup__label c-newsletter-signup__label--checkbox" for="accepted"> <span class="c-newsletter-signup__checkbox-icon"></span> <span class="c-newsletter-signup__checkbox-text">I accept the <a href="http://www.sei.org/privacy" target="_blank">privacy policy</a> and want to receive newsletters from SEI</span> </label> </div> </div> </form> <p class="c-newsletter-signup__error ts-body js-newsletter-error"></p> <!--End mc_embed_signup--> </div> </div> </section> <section class="o-section c-footer__menu"> <div class="o-container"> <nav class="c-footer__menu-wrapper"> <ul class="c-footer__menu-list"> <li class="c-footer__menu-item c-footer__menu-item--"> <a class="c-footer__menu-link c-footer__menu-link--social" href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/contact/social/" title="View our social media page" target="_blank"> <span>Social media</span> </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item c-footer__menu-item--facebook"> <a class="c-footer__menu-link c-footer__menu-link--social" href="https://www.facebook.com/StockholmEnvironmentInstitute" title="Visit SEI on Facebook" target="_blank"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--facebook c-footer__social-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#facebook" /></svg> <span>Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item c-footer__menu-item--linkedin"> <a class="c-footer__menu-link c-footer__menu-link--social" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/stockholm-environment-institute" title="Visit SEI on LinkedIn" target="_blank"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--linkedin c-footer__social-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#linkedin" /></svg> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item c-footer__menu-item--twitter"> <a class="c-footer__menu-link c-footer__menu-link--social" href="//twitter.com/SEIresearch" title="Visit @SEIresearchon X (previously Twitter)" target="_blank"> <svg class="o-svg o-svg--twitter c-footer__social-icon"><use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg?v2.0#twitter" /></svg> <span>X (previously Twitter)</span> </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/people/jobs/"> Jobs </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/press-room/"> Press room </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/"> About SEI </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/contact/whistleblowing/"> Whistleblowing </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/website-policies/privacy/"> Privacy policy </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/website-policies/cookies/"> Cookie notice </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/website-policies/accessibility/"> Accessibility </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__menu-item "> <a class="c-footer__menu-link" href="https://www.sei.org/about-sei/contact/"> Contact </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </section> <section class="o-section c-footer__full-width-nav"> <div class="o-container c-footer__full-width-nav-container js-horizontal-scrolling"> <nav class="c-footer__full-width-nav-wrapper js-horizontal-scrolling__scrollable"> <span class="c-footer__full-width-nav-title">Centres:</span> <ul class="c-footer__full-width-nav-items"> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/africa/"> SEI Africa </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/asia/"> SEI Asia </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/headquarters/"> SEI Headquarters </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/latin-america/"> SEI Latin America </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/oxford/"> SEI Oxford </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/tallinn/"> SEI Tallinn </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/us/"> SEI US </a> </li> <li class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item"> <a class="c-footer__full-width-nav-item-link" href="https://www.sei.org/centres/york/"> SEI York </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </section> <section class="o-section"> <div class="o-container"> <p class="c-footer__credit"> &copy; Stockholm Environment Institute 2025 </p> </div> </section> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> var filterArray = JSON.parse('["2030 Agenda","adaptation","air","air pollution","agriculture","biodiversity","bioeconomy","bioenergy","biomass","blog","carbon market","chemical","climate","climate change","conservation","consumption","cookstoves","COP","drought","footprint","fossil fuel","economics","economy","energy","equality","equity","EU","flood","food","food security","forests","gender","Gordon Goodman","Green Climate Fund","hydropower","initiatives","job","Johan","livelihoods","M\u00e5ns Nilsson","methodology","mitigation","modelling","nexus","nitrogen","ozone","palm oil","Paris Agreement","phosphorus","planetary boundaries","planning","pollution","poverty","renewable energy","resilience","risk","scenario","security","Science Forum","Small Island Developing States","soil","sustainable development","trade","vulnerability","waste","water"]'); </script> <script type="text/javascript" class=" _iub_cs_skip" type="text/javascript" id="iubenda-head-inline-scripts-0"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _iub = _iub || []; _iub.csConfiguration = { "askConsentAtCookiePolicyUpdate" : true, "countryDetection" : true, "enableFadp" : true, "enableLgpd" : true, "enableUspr" : true, "lang" : "en-GB", "lgpdAppliesGlobally" : false, "rebuildIframe" : true, "localConsentDomain" : "www.sei.org", "localConsentDomainExact" : true, "perPurposeConsent" : true, "purposes" : "1,2,3,4,5", "reloadOnConsent" : false, "siteId" : 2825234, "cookiePolicyId" : 19848806, "cookiePolicyUrl" : "https://www.sei.org/website-policies/cookies/", "privacyPolicyUrl" : "https://www.sei.org/about-sei/website-policies/privacy/", "privacyPolicyNoticeAtCollectionUrl" : "https://www.sei.org/about-sei/website-policies/privacy/", "banner" : { "acceptButtonCaptionColor" : "#000000", "acceptButtonColor" : "#8DFEC4", "acceptButtonDisplay" : true, "backgroundColor" : "#263238", "closeButtonDisplay" : false, "customizeButtonCaptionColor" : "#000000", "customizeButtonColor" : "#00B180", "customizeButtonDisplay" : true, "explicitWithdrawal" : true, "listPurposes" : true, "position" : "float-center", "rejectButtonColor" : "#8DFEC4", "rejectButtonDisplay" : true }, "callback" : { "onPreferenceExpressed" : function (preference) { // console.log('onPreferenceExpressed', preference); /* Purposes: 1: Strictly necessary 2: Basic interactions & functionalities 3: Experience enhancement 4: Measurement 5: Targeting & Advertising */ if (preference['purposes']['1']) { console.log('Consent given: Strictly necessary'); jQuery('[data-iub-purposes^="1"]').closest('.o-section').find('.content-before-consent').addClass('hidden').hide(); } if (preference['purposes']['2']) { console.log('Consent given: Basic interactions & functionalities'); jQuery('[data-iub-purposes^="2"]').closest('.o-section').find('.content-before-consent').addClass('hidden').hide(); } if (preference['purposes']['3']) { console.log('Consent given: Experience enhancement'); jQuery('[data-iub-purposes^="3"]').closest('.o-section').find('.content-before-consent').addClass('hidden').hide(); } if (preference['purposes']['4']) { console.log('Consent given: Measurement'); jQuery('[data-iub-purposes^="4"]').closest('.o-section').find('.content-before-consent').addClass('hidden').hide(); } if (preference['purposes']['5']) { console.log('Consent given: Targeting & Advertising'); jQuery('[data-iub-purposes^="5"]').closest('.o-section').find('.content-before-consent').addClass('hidden').hide(); } } } }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="//cdn.iubenda.com/cs/gpp/stub.js" type="text/javascript" class=" _iub_cs_skip" type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.iubenda.com/cs/gpp/stub.js?ver=3.12.0" id="iubenda-head-scripts-1-js"></script> <script async="async" charset="UTF-8" src="//cdn.iubenda.com/cs/iubenda_cs.js" type="text/javascript" class=" _iub_cs_skip" type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.iubenda.com/cs/iubenda_cs.js?ver=3.12.0" id="iubenda-head-scripts-2-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="breeze-prefetch-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var breeze_prefetch = {"local_url":"https:\/\/www.sei.org","ignore_remote_prefetch":"1","ignore_list":["\/pdf\/(.)","https:\/\/sei.org\/pdf\/(.)","wp-admin","wp-login.php"]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/plugins/breeze/assets/js/js-front-end/breeze-prefetch-links.min.js?ver=2.2.2" id="breeze-prefetch-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="iubenda-forms-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var iubFormParams = []; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/plugins/iubenda-cookie-law-solution/assets/js/frontend.js?ver=3.12.0" id="iubenda-forms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="site-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ajax_params = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.sei.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/themes/sei/assets/js/script.min.js?ver=2.21" id="site-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.iubenda.com/cons/iubenda_cons.js?ver=3.12.0" id="iubenda-cons-cdn-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="iubenda-cons-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var iubConsParams = {"api_key":"3H6ewe6y4BRbqsSyQZOQJVKYCEHy1vAd","log_level":"error","logger":"console","send_from_local_storage_at_load":"true"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.sei.org/wp-content/plugins/iubenda-cookie-law-solution/assets/js/cons.js?ver=3.12.0" id="iubenda-cons-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/picturefill/3.0.3/picturefill.min.js?ver=3.0.3" id="wpe_picturefill-js"></script> <p class="u-accessible-hide"> Design and development by <a href="https://www.designbysoapbox.com">Soapbox</a>. </p> <script type="text/javascript"> console.log('%cDesign and development by Soapbox.', 'color: #e72e28; font-size: 16px;'); console.log('%chttps://www.designbysoapbox.com', 'font-size: 12px;'); </script> </body> </html> <!-- Cache served by breeze CACHE - Last modified: Thu, 20 Feb 2025 00:06:09 GMT -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10