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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span><i>The Bridge on the River Kwai</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planet_of_the_Apes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planet_of_the_Apes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><i>Planet of the Apes</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planet_of_the_Apes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other adaptations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Novels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Short_story_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short_story_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Short story collections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short_story_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Non-fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pierre Boulle</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="بيير بول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيير بول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyer_Bul" title="Pyer Bul – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pyer Bul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="پیر بول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پیر بول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="П’ер Буль – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="П’ер Буль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Пиер Бул – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пиер Бул" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B9%CE%AD%CF%81_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB" title="Πιέρ Μπουλ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πιέρ Μπουλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="پیر بول – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیر بول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EB%B6%88" title="피에르 불 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피에르 불" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%BC_%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Պիեռ Բուլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պիեռ Բուլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Буль, Пьер – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Буль, Пьер" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="פייר בול – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פייר בול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="პიერ ბული – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პიერ ბული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Пјер Бул – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пјер Бул" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87" title="بيير بوليه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيير بوليه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="پیر بول – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پیر بول" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ピエール・ブール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピエール・ブール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Буль, Пьер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Буль, Пьер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84" title="پیەر بوول – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پیەر بوول" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="ปีแยร์ บูล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปีแยร์ บูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre Boulle – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pierre Boulle" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%27%D1%94%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="П'єр Буль – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="П'єр Буль" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Boulle" title="Pierre 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</nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boileau" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Boileau">Pierre Boileau</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Pierre Boulle</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierre_Boulle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Pierre_Boulle.jpg/220px-Pierre_Boulle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0c/Pierre_Boulle.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="364" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Pierre François Marie Louis Boulle<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1912-02-20</span>)</span>20 February 1912<br /><a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">30 January 1994<span style="display:none">(1994-01-30)</span> (aged 81)<br /><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Author</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">French</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Period</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1950–1992</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_over_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge over the River Kwai">The Bridge over the River Kwai</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(novel)" title="Planet of the Apes (novel)">Planet of the Apes</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Pierre_Boulle" title="Special:EditPage/Pierre Boulle">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Pierre+Boulle%22">"Pierre Boulle"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Pierre+Boulle%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Pierre+Boulle%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Pierre+Boulle%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Pierre+Boulle%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Pierre+Boulle%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pierre François Marie Louis Boulle</b> (20 February 1912 – 30 January 1994) was a French author. He is best known for two works, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_over_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge over the River Kwai">The Bridge over the River Kwai</a></i> (1952) and <i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(novel)" title="Planet of the Apes (novel)">Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1963), that were both made into award-winning films.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boulle was an engineer serving as a secret agent with the <a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free French</a> in Singapore, when he was captured and subjected to two years' forced labour. He used these experiences in <i>The Bridge on the River Kwai</i>, about the notorious <a href="/wiki/Death_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Death Railway">Death Railway</a>, which became an international bestseller. The film, named <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> won seven Academy Awards (including Best Adapted Screenplay), and Boulle was credited with writing the screenplay, because its two actual <a href="/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter">screenwriters</a> had been <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_blacklist" title="Hollywood blacklist">blacklisted</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His science-fiction novel <i>Planet of the Apes</i>, in which intelligent apes gain mastery over humans, developed into a media franchise spanning over 55 years that includes ten films, two television series, comic books and popular themed merchandise. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>, France, Pierre Boulle was baptised and raised as a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a>, although later in life he became an <a href="/wiki/Agnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostic">agnostic</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He studied at the prestigious <i>École supérieure d'électricité</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sup%C3%A9lec" title="Supélec">Supélec</a>) where he received an <a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_degree" title="Engineer's degree">engineer's degree</a> in 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1936 to 1939, he worked as a technician at <a href="/wiki/SOCFIN_Group" title="SOCFIN Group">SOCFIN</a> plantations in <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">Malaya</a>. As fate would have it at, he met a Frenchwoman at a dinner held at his boss's residence The White Palace, she was separated from her husband, lost and lonely. She was soon to become the love of his life, to whom he would write tender love letters. She later chose to return to her husband, an official in <a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">French Indochina</a>. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> she and her husband escaped into Malaya, but one of her children died in the process. Boulle would later meet her after the war, and they enjoyed a platonic friendship. </p><p>At the outbreak of World War II, Boulle enlisted with the French army in Indochina. After German troops occupied France, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Free_French_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French Forces">Free French</a> Mission in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. During the war he was a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>. </p><p>Boulle served as a <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">secret agent</a> under the name Peter John Rule and helped the resistance movement in China, <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/French_Indochina" title="French Indochina">French Indochina</a>. In 1943, he was captured by <a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a> loyalists on the <a href="/wiki/Mekong_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekong River">Mekong River</a> and was subjected to severe hardship and forced labour. He was later made a <i>chevalier</i> of the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'Honneur">Légion d'Honneur</a> and decorated with the <a href="/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_1939%E2%80%931945" class="mw-redirect" title="Croix de guerre 1939–1945">Croix de Guerre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_R%C3%A9sistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Médaille de la Résistance">Médaille de la Résistance</a>. He described his war experiences in the non-fiction <i>My Own River Kwai</i>. After the war he kept in touch with his war comrades for the rest of his life. </p><p>After the war, Boulle returned to work for a while in the plantations of SOCFIN in Malaya, in 1949<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he moved back to <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and began to write, drawing from his memories of Malaya and Indochina. While in Paris, too poor to afford his own flat, he lived in a hotel until his recently widowed sister, Madeleine Perrusset, allowed him to move into her large apartment. She had a daughter, Françoise, whom Pierre helped raise, but plans for him to officially adopt the girl never materialized. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai"><i>The Bridge on the River Kwai</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The Bridge on the River Kwai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></div> <p>While in Paris, Boulle used his war experiences in writing <i>Le Pont de la rivière Kwaï</i> (1952; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></i>), which became a multi-million-copy worldwide bestseller, winning the French "<i><a href="/wiki/Prix_Sainte-Beuve" title="Prix Sainte-Beuve">Prix Sainte-Beuve</a></i>". The book was a semi-fictional story based on the real plight of <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> <a href="/wiki/POW" class="mw-redirect" title="POW">POWs</a> forced to build a 415 km (258 mi) railway that passed over the bridge, and which became known as the "<a href="/wiki/Death_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Death Railway">Death Railway</a>". 16,000 prisoners and 100,000 Asian conscripts died during construction of the line.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> His character of Lt-Col. Nicholson was not based on the real Allied senior officer at the Kwai bridges, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Toosey" title="Philip Toosey">Philip Toosey</a>, but was reportedly an amalgam of his memories of collaborating French officers. Both the book and film outraged former prisoners because Toosey did not collaborate with the enemy, unlike the fictional Colonel Nicholson. Boulle outlined the reasoning which led him to conceive the character of Nicholson in an interview which forms part of the 1969 BBC2 documentary <i>Return to the River Kwai</i> made by former POW John Coast. A transcript of the interview and the documentary as a whole can be found in the new edition of John Coast's book <i>Railroad of Death</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> made the book into a <a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">motion picture</a> that won seven 1957 <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> for <a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a>. Boulle himself won the award for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Writing_Adapted_Screenplay" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay">Best Adapted Screenplay</a> despite not having written the screenplay and, by his own admission, not even speaking English. Boulle had been credited with the screenplay because the film's actual screenwriters, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Foreman" title="Carl Foreman">Carl Foreman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a>, had been <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_blacklist" title="Hollywood blacklist">blacklisted</a> as communist sympathizers. Boulle was neither a socialist nor a communist.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Motion_Picture_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences">Motion Picture Academy</a> added Foreman's and Wilson's names to the award in 1984. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kim_Novak" title="Kim Novak">Kim Novak</a> accepted the Oscar on behalf of Pierre Boulle.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planet_of_the_Apes"><i>Planet of the Apes</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Planet of the Apes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(novel)" title="Planet of the Apes (novel)">Planet of the Apes (novel)</a></div> <p>In 1963, following several other reasonably successful novels, Boulle published his other famous novel, <i>La planète des singes</i>, translated in 1964 as <i>Monkey Planet</i> by <a href="/wiki/Xan_Fielding" title="Xan Fielding">Xan Fielding</a>, and later re-issued as <i>Planet of the Apes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With inspiration drawn from observing the wildlife from his years in the plantations in Malaya, the book was highly praised and given such reviews as this example from England's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">Guardian</a></i> newspaper: "Classic science fiction ... full of suspense and satirical intelligence." In the year 2500, a group of astronauts, including journalist Ulysse Mérou, voyage to a planet in the star system of <a href="/wiki/Betelgeuse" title="Betelgeuse">Betelgeuse</a>. They land to discover a bizarre world where intelligent apes are the Master Race and humans are reduced to savages: caged in zoos, used in laboratory experiments and hunted for sport. The story focuses on Ulysse's capture, his struggle to survive, and the shattering climax as he returns to Earth and a horrific final discovery. The novel is also a wry parable on science, evolution, and the relationship between man and animal.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1968, the book was made into an Oscar-winning <a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(1968_film)" title="Planet of the Apes (1968 film)">film</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Franklin_J._Schaffner" title="Franklin J. Schaffner">Franklin J. Schaffner</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a>. The screenplay, originally written by <a href="/wiki/Rod_Serling" title="Rod Serling">Rod Serling</a>, focused more on action and deviated in many ways from the novel, including the addition of its own classic <a href="/wiki/Twist_ending" class="mw-redirect" title="Twist ending">twist ending</a> that was different from the novel's. It inspired four sequels, a television series, an animated series, a <a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(2001_film)" title="Planet of the Apes (2001 film)">2001 remake</a> of the original title by <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a>, and a 2011 <a href="/wiki/Reboot_(fiction)" title="Reboot (fiction)">reboot</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Rise of the Planet of the Apes">Rise of the Planet of the Apes</a></i>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Wyatt" title="Rupert Wyatt">Rupert Wyatt</a>. </p><p>The five films of the original series (1968–1973) have become cult classics. Boulle, who had thought his novel to be unfilmable, was taken by surprise at the worldwide success and impact of the film. He wrote a script for a sequel titled <i>Planet of the Men</i>, but the producers of the original film turned it down. The second film, <i><a href="/wiki/Beneath_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Beneath the Planet of the Apes">Beneath the Planet of the Apes</a></i>, which came out in 1970, was also very successful. It was followed by <i><a href="/wiki/Escape_from_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Escape from the Planet of the Apes">Escape from the Planet of the Apes</a></i> in 1971, <i><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Conquest of the Planet of the Apes">Conquest of the Planet of the Apes</a></i> in 1972, and <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_for_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Battle for the Planet of the Apes">Battle for the Planet of the Apes</a></i> in 1973. </p><p>In September 1973, the original film was first aired on network television. The marketing of toys and other products relating to the film series skyrocketed at this time, creating an 'Apemania' craze. In June 1974, <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a> also released a magazine based on the novel and film called <i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(comics)" title="Planet of the Apes (comics)">Planet of the Apes</a></i>. By September 1974, <i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(TV_series)" title="Planet of the Apes (TV series)">Planet of the Apes</a></i> had become a television series. In 1975, an animated <i><a href="/wiki/Return_to_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Return to the Planet of the Apes">Return to the Planet of the Apes</a></i> series was shown on television. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_adaptations">Other adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The French film <i>Le Point de mire</i>, based on Boulle's novel <i>Le Photographe</i>, was released in 1977. There have also been TV films based on Boulle's novels <i>William Conrad</i> in 1958 (US) and 1973 (France), <i>La Face</i> in 1959 (US) and 1966 (West Germany), and <i>Un Métier de Seigneur</i> in 1986 (France), as well as the short story <i>"Le Miracle"</i> (from <i>E=mc<sup>2</sup></i>) in 1985 (US).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another film adaptation is in production for Boulle's <i>A Noble Profession</i> (<i>Un Métier de Seigneur</i>), a spy thriller partly based on Boulle's real-life experience working as a secret agent during the Second World War. The movie is being produced by Tessa Bell and <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Chung" title="Andrea Chung">Andrea Chung</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boulle died in Paris, on 30 January 1994, at the age of 81.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novels">Novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>William Conrad</i> (1950; tr. in 1955 as <i>Not the Glory</i> by <a href="/wiki/Xan_Fielding" title="Xan Fielding">Xan Fielding</a>; also issued as <i>Spy Converted</i>)</li> <li><i>Le Sacrilège malais</i> (1951; tr. in 1959 as <i>Sacrilege in Malaya</i> by Xan Fielding; also issued as <i>S.O.P.H.I.A.</i>)</li> <li><i>Le Pont de la rivière Kwaï</i> (1952; tr. in 1954 as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai (novel)">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></i> by Xan Fielding)</li> <li><i>Le Bourreau</i> (1954; tr. in 1961 by Xan Fielding, US title: <i>The Executioner</i>, UK title: <i>The Chinese Executioner</i>)</li> <li><i>L'Épreuve des hommes blancs</i> (1955; tr. in 1957 as <i>The Test</i> by Xan Fielding; also issued as <i>White Man's Test</i>)</li> <li><i>La Face</i> (1956; tr. in 1956 as <i>Saving Face</i> by Xan Fielding; also issued as <i>Face of a Hero</i>)</li> <li><i>Les Voies du salut</i> (1958; tr. in 1958 as <i>The Other Side of the Coin</i> by Richard Howard)</li> <li><i>Un métier de seigneur</i> (1960; tr. in 1960 as <i>A Noble Profession</i> by Xan Fielding; also issued as <i>For a Noble Cause</i>)</li> <li><i>La Planète des singes</i> (1963; tr. in 1964 as <i>Monkey Planet</i> by Xan Fielding; later issued as <i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(novel)" title="Planet of the Apes (novel)">Planet of the Apes</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Le Jardin de Kanashima</i> (1964; tr. in 1965 as <i>Garden on the Moon</i> by Xan Fielding)</li> <li><i>Le Photographe</i> (1967; tr. in 1967 by Xan Fielding, US title: <i>The Photographer</i>, UK title: <i>An Impartial Eye</i>)</li> <li><i>Les Jeux de l'esprit</i> (1971; tr. in 1973 as <i>Desperate Games</i> by Patricia Wolf)</li> <li><i>Les Oreilles de jungle</i> (1972; tr. in 1972 as <i>Ears of the Jungle</i> by Michael Dobry and Lynda Cole) - story of the Vietnam war told from the perspective of a North Vietnamese commander</li> <li><i>Les Vertus de l'enfer</i> (1974; tr. in 1974 as <i>The Virtues of Hell</i> by Patricia Wolf)</li> <li><i>Le Bon Léviathan</i> (1978; tr. in 1978 as <i>The Good Leviathan</i> by Margaret Giovanelli)</li> <li><i>Les Coulisses du Ciel</i> (1979; tr. in 1985 as <i>Trouble in Paradise</i> by Patricia Wolf)</li> <li><i>L'Énergie du désespoir</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>Miroitements</i> (1982; tr. in 1986 as <i>Mirrors of the Sun</i> by Patricia Wolf)</li> <li><i>La Baleine des Malouines</i> (1983; tr. in 1984 by Patricia Wolf, US title: <i>The Whale of the Victoria Cross</i>, UK title: <i>The Falklands Whale</i>)</li> <li><i>Pour l'amour de l'art</i> (1985)</li> <li><i>Le Professeur Mortimer</i> (1988)</li> <li><i>Le Malheur des uns...</i> (1990)</li> <li><i>À nous deux, Satan !</i> (1992)</li> <li><i>L'Archéologue et le Mystère de Néfertiti</i> (2005; posthumous)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short_story_collections">Short story collections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Short story collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Contes de l'absurde</i> (1953)</li> <li><i>E=mc<sup>2</sup></i> (1957)</li> <li><i>Histoires charitables</i> (1965)</li> <li><i>Time Out of Mind: And Other Stories</i> (1966; twelve stories from Boulle's first three collections tr. by Xan Fielding and Elisabeth Abbott)</li> <li><i>Quia absurdum: sur la Terre comme au Ciel</i> (1966; tr. in 1970 as <i>Because It Is Absurd: On Earth as It Is in Heaven</i> by Elisabeth Abbott)</li> <li><i>Histoires perfides</i> (1976; tr. in 1977 as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Marvelous_Palace_And_Other_Stories" title="The Marvelous Palace And Other Stories">The Marvelous Palace And Other Stories</a></i> by Margaret Giovanelli)</li> <li><i>L'Enlèvement de l'obélisque</i> (2007; posthumous)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-fiction">Non-fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Non-fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Le Siam (Walt Disney)</i> (1955; tr. in 1958 as <i>Walt Disney's Siam</i> by Herbert Knapp)—in Walt Disney's "Le Monde et ses habitants"/"The World and its Inhabitants" series</li> <li><i>L'étrange croisade de l'empereur Frédéric II</i> (1963)</li> <li><i>Aux sources de la rivière Kwaï</i> (1966; tr. in 1967 by Xan Fielding, US title: <i>My Own River Kwai</i>, UK title: <i>The Source of the River Kwai</i>)—memoir</li> <li><i>L'univers ondoyant</i> (1987)</li> <li><i>L'îlon</i> (1990)—memoir</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.eb.com/eb/article-9115436">"Boulle, Pierre-François-Marie-Louis."</a> <i>Britannica Book of the Year</i>, 1995. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 25 May 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOLiver1994" class="citation web cs1">OLiver, Myrna (3 February 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-02-03-mn-18501-story.html">"Pierre Boulle; Wrote 'River Kwai,' 'Planet of the Apes'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> – via LA Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pierre+Boulle%3B+Wrote+%27River+Kwai%2C%27+%27Planet+of+the+Apes%27&rft.date=1994-02-03&rft.aulast=OLiver&rft.aufirst=Myrna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1994-02-03-mn-18501-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein2001" class="citation web cs1">Goldstein, Patrick (13 March 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/sns-oscars-blacklist-story.html">"Hollywood blacklist made writers into nobodies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Hollywood+blacklist+made+writers+into+nobodies&rft.date=2001-03-13&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fsns-oscars-blacklist-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-pierre-boulle-1391376.html">"Obituary: Pierre Boulle"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Independent.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent.co.uk">Independent.co.uk</a></i>. 2 February 1994. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220526/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-pierre-boulle-1391376.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent.co.uk&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Pierre+Boulle&rft.date=1994-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fobituary-pierre-boulle-1391376.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniques.bnf.fr/numero_courant/collections/pierre_boulle.htm">Pieyre C, "Du Pont de la rivière KwaÏ à la Planète des singes : Don des manuscrits de Pierre Boulle"</a>, <i>chroniques.fr</i>, Bibliothèque nationale de France</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoast2014" class="citation book cs1">Coast, John (2014). <i>Railroad of Death</i>. Myrmidon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781905802937" title="Special:BookSources/9781905802937"><bdi>9781905802937</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Railroad+of+Death&rft.pub=Myrmidon&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781905802937&rft.aulast=Coast&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wX-rBzh_u8">"The Bridge on the River Kwai and Designing Woman Win Writing Awards: 1958 Oscars"</a>. Oscar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/-wX-rBzh_u8">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bridge+on+the+River+Kwai+and+Designing+Woman+Win+Writing+Awards%3A+1958+Oscars&rft.pub=Oscar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-wX-rBzh_u8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchofield2014" class="citation news cs1">Schofield, Hugh (4 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-28610124">"The French spy who wrote The Planet of the Apes"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+French+spy+who+wrote+The+Planet+of+the+Apes&rft.date=2014-08-04&rft.aulast=Schofield&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-28610124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInquirer2011" class="citation web cs1">Inquirer, Philippine Daily (31 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/7989/french-sci-fi-novel-sparked-%E2%80%98planet-of-the-apes%E2%80%99-mythology/">"French sci-fi novel sparked 'Planet of the Apes' mythology"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French+sci-fi+novel+sparked+%27Planet+of+the+Apes%27+mythology&rft.date=2011-07-31&rft.aulast=Inquirer&rft.aufirst=Philippine+Daily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flifestyle.inquirer.net%2F7989%2Ffrench-sci-fi-novel-sparked-%25E2%2580%2598planet-of-the-apes%25E2%2580%2599-mythology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0099541/">"Pierre Boulle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Pierre+Boulle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Fname%2Fnm0099541%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APierre+Boulle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C05E3DC1239F932A35751C0A962958260">"Pierre Boulle, Novelist, Is Dead; Author of 'River Kwai' Was 81"</a>, New York Times obituaries, 1 February 1994</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Boulle&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Template:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Adapted_Screenplay" title="Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay">Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1928–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Glazer" title="Benjamin Glazer">Benjamin Glazer</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hanns_Kr%C3%A4ly" title="Hanns Kräly">Hanns Kräly</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Marion" title="Frances Marion">Frances Marion</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Howard_Estabrook" title="Howard Estabrook">Howard Estabrook</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_J._Burke" title="Edwin J. Burke">Edwin J. Burke</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Heerman" title="Victor Heerman">Victor Heerman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Y._Mason" title="Sarah Y. Mason">Sarah Y. Mason</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Riskin" title="Robert Riskin">Robert Riskin</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Nichols" title="Dudley Nichols">Dudley Nichols</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Collings" title="Pierre Collings">Pierre Collings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_Gibney" title="Sheridan Gibney">Sheridan Gibney</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Heinz Herald, Geza Herczeg, and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Reilly_Raine" title="Norman Reilly Raine">Norman Reilly Raine</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Dalrymple" title="Ian Dalrymple">Ian Dalrymple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Arthur_Lewis" title="Cecil Arthur Lewis">Cecil Arthur Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/W._P._Lipscomb" title="W. P. Lipscomb">W. P. Lipscomb</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Howard" title="Sidney Howard">Sidney Howard</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Ogden_Stewart" title="Donald Ogden Stewart">Donald Ogden Stewart</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Buchman" title="Sidney Buchman">Sidney Buchman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seton_I._Miller" title="Seton I. Miller">Seton I. Miller</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Froeschel" title="George Froeschel">George Froeschel</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Hilton_(novelist)" title="James Hilton (novelist)">James Hilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claudine_West" title="Claudine West">Claudine West</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wimperis" title="Arthur Wimperis">Arthur Wimperis</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_G._Epstein" title="Philip G. Epstein">Philip G. Epstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_J._Epstein" title="Julius J. Epstein">Julius J. Epstein</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Koch_(screenwriter)" title="Howard Koch (screenwriter)">Howard Koch</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Butler_(writer)" title="Frank Butler (writer)">Frank Butler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Cavett" title="Frank Cavett">Frank Cavett</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brackett" title="Charles Brackett">Charles Brackett</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Sherwood" title="Robert E. Sherwood">Robert Sherwood</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Seaton" title="George Seaton">George Seaton</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Brown_(writer)" title="Harry Brown (writer)">Harry Brown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Schnee" title="Charles Schnee">Charles Schnee</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Taradash" title="Daniel Taradash">Daniel Taradash</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Seaton" title="George Seaton">George Seaton</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Farrow" title="John Farrow">John Farrow</a>, <a href="/wiki/S._J._Perelman" title="S. J. Perelman">S. J. Perelman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/James_Poe" title="James Poe">James Poe</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pierre Boulle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Foreman" title="Carl Foreman">Carl Foreman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(writer)" title="Michael Wilson (writer)">Michael Wilson</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Paterson_(writer)" title="Neil Paterson (writer)">Neil Paterson</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brooks" title="Richard Brooks">Richard Brooks</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abby_Mann" title="Abby Mann">Abby Mann</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Horton_Foote" title="Horton Foote">Horton Foote</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Osborne" title="John Osborne">John Osborne</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Anhalt" title="Edward Anhalt">Edward Anhalt</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Silliphant" title="Stirling Silliphant">Stirling Silliphant</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Goldman" title="James Goldman">James Goldman</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waldo_Salt" title="Waldo Salt">Waldo Salt</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ring_Lardner_Jr." title="Ring Lardner Jr.">Ring Lardner Jr.</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Tidyman" title="Ernest Tidyman">Ernest Tidyman</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mario_Puzo" title="Mario Puzo">Mario Puzo</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Peter_Blatty" title="William Peter Blatty">William Peter Blatty</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mario_Puzo" title="Mario Puzo">Mario Puzo</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Hauben" title="Lawrence Hauben">Lawrence Hauben</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Goldman" title="William Goldman">William Goldman</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Sargent" title="Alvin Sargent">Alvin Sargent</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Sargent" title="Alvin Sargent">Alvin Sargent</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Thompson" title="Ernest Thompson">Ernest Thompson</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_E._Stewart" title="Donald E. Stewart">Donald E. Stewart</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Shaffer" title="Peter Shaffer">Peter Shaffer</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Luedtke" title="Kurt Luedtke">Kurt Luedtke</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Peploe" title="Mark Peploe">Mark Peploe</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Uhry" title="Alfred Uhry">Alfred Uhry</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Blake_(author)" title="Michael Blake (author)">Michael Blake</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Tally" title="Ted Tally">Ted Tally</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Roth" title="Eric Roth">Eric Roth</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Bob_Thornton" title="Billy Bob Thornton">Billy Bob Thornton</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Condon" title="Bill Condon">Bill Condon</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Irving" title="John Irving">John Irving</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gaghan" title="Stephen Gaghan">Stephen Gaghan</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Akiva_Goldsman" title="Akiva Goldsman">Akiva Goldsman</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Harwood" title="Ronald Harwood">Ronald Harwood</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Boyens" title="Philippa Boyens">Philippa Boyens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fran_Walsh" title="Fran Walsh">Fran Walsh</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_McMurtry" title="Larry McMurtry">Larry McMurtry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diana_Ossana" title="Diana Ossana">Diana Ossana</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Monahan" title="William Monahan">William Monahan</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Beaufoy" title="Simon Beaufoy">Simon Beaufoy</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_S._Fletcher" title="Geoffrey S. Fletcher">Geoffrey S. Fletcher</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Rash" title="Jim Rash">Jim Rash</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nat_Faxon" title="Nat Faxon">Nat Faxon</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Terrio" title="Chris Terrio">Chris Terrio</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Ridley" title="John Ridley">John Ridley</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Graham_Moore_(writer)" title="Graham Moore (writer)">Graham Moore</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adam_McKay" title="Adam McKay">Adam McKay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Randolph" title="Charles Randolph">Charles Randolph</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tarell_Alvin_McCraney" title="Tarell Alvin McCraney">Tarell Alvin McCraney</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Ivory" title="James Ivory">James Ivory</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Wachtel" title="Charlie Wachtel">Charlie Wachtel</a>, David Rabinowitz, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Willmott" title="Kevin Willmott">Kevin Willmott</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taika_Waititi" title="Taika Waititi">Taika Waititi</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Florian_Zeller" title="Florian Zeller">Florian Zeller</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sian_Heder" title="Sian Heder">Sian Heder</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Polley" title="Sarah Polley">Sarah Polley</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cord_Jefferson" title="Cord Jefferson">Cord Jefferson</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Award_for_Best_British_Screenplay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Tabori" title="George Tabori">George Tabori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robin_Estridge" title="Robin Estridge">Robin Estridge</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Rose_(screenwriter)" title="William Rose (screenwriter)">William Rose</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Balchin" title="Nigel Balchin">Nigel Balchin</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pierre Boulle</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dehn" title="Paul Dehn">Paul Dehn</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Harvey_(English_screenwriter)" title="Frank Harvey (English screenwriter)">Frank Harvey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boulting_brothers" title="Boulting brothers">John Boulting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Hackney" title="Alan Hackney">Alan Hackney</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Forbes" title="Bryan Forbes">Bryan Forbes</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Mankowitz" title="Wolf Mankowitz">Wolf Mankowitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Val_Guest" title="Val Guest">Val Guest</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shelagh_Delaney" title="Shelagh Delaney">Shelagh Delaney</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Tony Richardson</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Osborne" title="John Osborne">John Osborne</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Raphael" title="Frederic Raphael">Frederic Raphael</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Mercer_(playwright)" title="David Mercer (playwright)">David Mercer</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1967)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Planet_of_the_Apes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Template:Planet of the Apes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Template talk:Planet of the Apes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Planet of the Apes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Planet_of_the_Apes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Planet of the Apes">Planet of the Apes</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Based on <i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(novel)" title="Planet of the Apes (novel)">La Planète des singes</a></i> (1963) by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pierre Boulle</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Original series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(1968_film)" title="Planet of the Apes (1968 film)">Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beneath_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Beneath the Planet of the Apes">Beneath the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Escape_from_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Escape from the Planet of the Apes">Escape from the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Conquest of the Planet of the Apes">Conquest of the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_for_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Battle for the Planet of the Apes">Battle for the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1973)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Remake</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(2001_film)" title="Planet of the Apes (2001 film)">Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reboot series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Rise of the Planet of the Apes">Rise of the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2011) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes_(soundtrack)" title="Rise of the Planet of the Apes (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Dawn of the Planet of the Apes">Dawn of the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2014) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes_(soundtrack)" title="Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accolades_received_by_Dawn_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="List of accolades received by Dawn of the Planet of the Apes">accolades</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_for_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="War for the Planet of the Apes">War for the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2017) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_for_the_Planet_of_the_Apes_(soundtrack)" title="War for the Planet of the Apes (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Kingdom of the Planet of the Apes">Kingdom of the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2024) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Planet_of_the_Apes_(soundtrack)" title="Kingdom of the Planet of the Apes (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(TV_series)" title="Planet of the Apes (TV series)">Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Return_to_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Return to the Planet of the Apes">Return to the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1975–1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Behind_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Behind the Planet of the Apes">Behind the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(video_game)" title="Planet of the Apes (video game)">Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revenge_of_the_Apes" title="Revenge of the Apes">Revenge of the Apes</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plague_Inc." title="Plague Inc.">Plague Inc.</a></i> Simian Flu update (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes:_Last_Frontier" title="Planet of the Apes: Last Frontier">Last Frontier</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crisis_on_the_Planet_of_the_Apes_VR" title="Crisis on the Planet of the Apes VR">Crisis on the Planet of the Apes VR</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(comics)" title="Planet of the Apes (comics)">Comics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek/Planet_of_the_Apes:_The_Primate_Directive" title="Star Trek/Planet of the Apes: The Primate Directive">Star Trek/Planet of the Apes: The Primate Directive</a></i> (2014–2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarzan_on_the_Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Tarzan on the Planet of the Apes">Tarzan on the Planet of the Apes</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes/Green_Lantern" title="Planet of the Apes/Green Lantern">Planet of the Apes/Green Lantern</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes:_Visionaries" title="Planet of the Apes: Visionaries"> Visionaries</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Planet_of_the_Apes_film_actors" title="List of Planet of the Apes film actors">Cast</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Planet_of_the_Apes_characters" title="List of Planet of the Apes characters">characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_(Planet_of_the_Apes)" title="Caesar (Planet of the Apes)">Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koba_(Planet_of_the_Apes)" title="Koba (Planet of the Apes)">Koba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_(Planet_of_the_Apes)" title="Cornelius (Planet of the Apes)">Cornelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Zaius" title="Dr. Zaius">Dr. Zaius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span></b> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Planet_of_the_Apes" title="Category:Planet of the Apes">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219910#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219910#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219910#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000008163833X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/91267854">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/14457/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmxVY4bKVmcXRXJmmQDv3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118662325">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50042121">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11930012g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11930012g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00433983">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an41568524">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990000969&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000005504&CON_LNG=ENG">Russia</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000005614&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX863865">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/16273">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069564264">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90621792">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000309879&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000057817&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199603091">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/b8nrx9vv3tn6455">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810616899205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007311403305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058510864606706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14102500">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01923261?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/ce09279e-81e5-4694-8350-75330c0f85a1">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/794899">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118662325.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027592154">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6gm904k">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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