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The work, which is attributed to the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu, is composed of 13 chapters. Each one is devoted to an aspect of warfare and how it applies to military strategy and tactics. <br><br> <ul class="genres-list"><li><a href="/genre/Essay">Essay</a></li><li><a href="/genre/Guide">Guide</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="links-bar"> <a href="collection.php?add=1016" class="add-to-list s rc3" title="click to add The Art of War to your collection"><i class="fas fa-bookmark"></i> Collection</a>   <a href="signup.php" class="add-to-list s rc3" title="click to edit The Art of War"><i class="fa-pencil-alt fas" aria-hidden="true"></i> Edit</a>   <a href="/book-pdf/1016" class="add-to-list s rc3" title="click to down the The Art of War book as PDF"><i class="far fa-file-pdf"></i> PDF</a>   <a href="email.php?id=1016&type=1" target="_blank" class="add-to-list s rc3" title="click to email The Art of War to a friend"><i class="fas fa-paper-plane"></i><span class="hidden-xs"> Email</span></a>  <span class="rc3 s fsize add-to-list" title="Change text size"><i class="fas fa-text-size"></i></span> </div> <div class="book-details"> <dl> <dt>Year:</dt> <dd class="dd-margin"><a href="/year/5th century BC" title="See all books from this year">5th century BC</a></dd> <dt><i class="far fa-eye" aria-hidden="true"></i></dt> <dd>78,705 Views</dd> </dl> </div> <hr> <div style="float:right;font-size:13px;font-weight:bold;"> <a href="/book/the_art_of_war_1016/2">Next »</a> </div> <pre> <div id="disp-book-body">I. <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Laying">Laying</a> Plans 1. Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/vital">vital</a> importance to the State. 2. It is a <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/matter">matter</a> of life and death, a road <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/either">either</a> to <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/safety">safety</a> or to ruin. <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Hence">Hence</a> it is a <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/subject">subject</a> of <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/inquiry">inquiry</a> which can on no <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/account">account</a> be neglected. 3. The art of war, then, is <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/governed">governed</a> by five <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/constant">constant</a> factors, to be <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/taken">taken</a> into <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/account">account</a> in one's deliberations, when <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/seeking">seeking</a> to <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/determine">determine</a> the <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/conditions">conditions</a> obtaining in the field. 4. <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/These">These</a> are: (1) The <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Moral">Moral</a> Law; (2) Heaven; (3) Earth; (4) The Commander; (5) <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Method">Method</a> and discipline. 5,6. The <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Moral">Moral</a> Law <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/causes">causes</a> the <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/people">people</a> to be in <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/complete">complete</a> accord with <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/their">their</a> ruler, so that they will <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/follow">follow</a> him <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/regardless">regardless</a> of <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/their">their</a> lives, <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/undismayed">undismayed</a> by any danger. 7. <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Heaven">Heaven</a> signifies <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/night">night</a> and day, cold and heat, <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/times">times</a> and seasons. 8. <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/Earth">Earth</a> comprises distances, <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/great">great</a> and small; <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/danger">danger</a> and security; open <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/ground">ground</a> and <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/narrow">narrow</a> passes; the <a style="color:#222; "href="https://www.definitions.net/definition/chances">chances</a> of life and death. </div> <span class="rank-bar"><span class="rank-label">Rate this book:</span><span class="rank-icon rate-stars" title="rate it" data-bid="1016" data-name="The Art of War" data-nv="2" data-score="4.5"><span class="sf"></span><span class="sf"></span><span class="sf"></span><span class="sf"></span><span class="sf"></span></span><a href="/book-voters/1016" class="rank-score"><b>4.5</b> / 2 votes</a><span class="audio tts-icon" data-lang="Alex" data-code="en-US" title="Hear this book"><i class="fas fa-volume-up" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></span> </pre> <div class="clearfix" id="content-filters" style="border-bottom:none;margin-top:30px;"> <span style="float:right;font-size:13px;font-weight:bold;"> <a href="/book/the_art_of_war_1016/2">Next »</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="disp-book-author-meta"> <div id="disp-book-author" class="author-thumb-ext" data-author="Sun Tzu" data-img="1"> <img class="author-thumb" style="background-color:#fff;" src="https://static.stands4.com/images/book-author/366_sun-tzu.png" loading="lazy" alt="" title="Sun Tzu" width="120"> </div> <p class="author"><a href="/author/Sun+Tzu/366">Sun Tzu</a></p> <p class="author-bio">Sun Tzu was a Chinese general, military strategist, writer and philosopher who lived in the Eastern Zhou period of ancient China. Sun Tzu is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, an influential work of military strategy that has affected both Western and East Asian philosophy and military thinking. <a href="https://www.biographies.net/search/Sun%20Tzu">more…</a></p> <p class="author-bio"><a href="/author/Sun+Tzu/366">All Sun Tzu books</a></p> <div> <p class="fans-cnt" data-term="The Art of War" data-key="366" data-page="homepage"> <button class="btn btn-counter s " data-votes="2" data-aid="366" data-uid="" data-target="#login-modal" title="click to add your vote"><i class="fas fa-star" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>Follow</span></button> <span class="fans rc3" onclick="location.href='https://www.literature.com/author-fans/366';">2 fans</span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="callout comments-area"> <div id="s4-comments"> <h4>Discuss everything about <a href="https://www.literature.com">Literature.com</a> with the community:</h4> <div class="comment-form-container"> <form id="frm-comment"> 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Turgenev, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, A. Kuprin, Maupassant, Jack London, W. W. Jacobs, Dickens, Bret Harte, H. <span id="cmt-more-162493" class="collapse cmt-collapse">H. Munro (Saki), Robert Barr, Bram Stoker, Joseph Sheridan le Fanu (The great Irish Horror Stories pioneer), Lucy Mod Montgomery, Sarah Anne Jewett, Rex Ellingwood Beach, Saadat Hassan Manto, R. Tagore and numerous other great short story writers of that golden era.</span> <a class="cmt-more-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#cmt-more-162493" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cmt-more-162493">more »</a></div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="3"><i class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i> 3</span><span class="cmt-added">6 months ago</span></div></div></div><ul class="cmt-replies" data-src="162493"><li><div id="comment-190013" class="comment clearfix" data-id="190013" data-ts="1740063484" data-parent="162493"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/19507/davidb" target="_blank" title="davidb"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/19507" title="davidb" alt="davidb" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/19507/davidb" target="_blank" title="davidb">davidb</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">It's done.<br>Thanks for the advice! ;-)</div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="0"></span><span class="cmt-added">1 month ago</span></div></div></div></li></ul></li><li><div id="comment-155470" class="comment clearfix" data-id="155470" data-ts="1722388230"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/384221/imagin" target="_blank" title="imagin"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/384221" title="imagin" alt="imagin" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/384221/imagin" target="_blank" title="imagin">imagin</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">I can't find Francis Bacon here. There are related books but not the author in person. I wish I could read his essay ''Of Studies''. I think Francis bacon is as famous as Shakespeare, <span id="cmt-more-155470" class="collapse cmt-collapse">but unluckily there is not a work of his.</span> <a class="cmt-more-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#cmt-more-155470" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cmt-more-155470">more »</a></div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="0"></span><span class="cmt-added">8 months ago</span></div></div></div><ul class="cmt-replies" data-src="155470"><li><div id="comment-156507" class="comment clearfix" data-id="156507" data-ts="1723376321" data-parent="155470"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/2/acronimous" target="_blank" title="acronimous"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/2" title="acronimous" alt="acronimous" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/2/acronimous" target="_blank" title="acronimous">acronimous</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">We've added it here: <a href="https://www.literature.com/book/the_advancement_of_learning_3165" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">https://www.literature.com/book/the_advancement_of_learning_3165</a></div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="1"><i class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i> 1</span><span class="cmt-added">7 months ago</span></div></div></div></li></ul></li><li><div id="comment-133436" class="comment clearfix" data-id="133436" data-ts="1701860814"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/283640/courtneye" target="_blank" title="courtneye"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/283640" title="courtneye" alt="courtneye" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/283640/courtneye" target="_blank" title="courtneye">courtneye</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">As an avid reader and literature enthusiast, Literature.com has significantly enriched my literary journey. The platform's diverse collection of literary works spans across genres and time periods, <span id="cmt-more-133436" class="collapse cmt-collapse">offering exceptional content for both classic literature connoisseurs and those interested in contemporary gems.</span> <a class="cmt-more-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#cmt-more-133436" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cmt-more-133436">more »</a></div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="3"><i class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i> 3</span><span class="cmt-added">1 year ago</span></div></div></div></li><li><div id="comment-90755" class="comment clearfix" data-id="90755" data-ts="1647743446"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/220145/hasmukh.amathalal" target="_blank" title="hasmukh.amathalal"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/220145" title="hasmukh.amathalal" alt="hasmukh.amathalal" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/220145/hasmukh.amathalal" target="_blank" title="hasmukh.amathalal">hasmukh.amathalal</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">I am proud to be a member</div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span class="dl-att" data-type="1" data-id="90755" title="See the picture"><i class="fa-image far" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="7"><i class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i> 7</span><span class="cmt-added">3 years ago</span></div></div></div></li><li><div id="comment-54681" class="comment clearfix" data-id="54681" data-ts="1600772536"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/19507/davidb" target="_blank" title="davidb"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/19507" title="davidb" alt="davidb" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/19507/davidb" target="_blank" title="davidb">davidb</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">Very nice website!</div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="16"><i class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i> 16</span><span class="cmt-added">4 years ago</span></div></div></div><ul class="cmt-replies" data-src="54681"><li><div id="comment-57923" class="comment clearfix" data-id="57923" data-ts="1604934206" data-parent="54681"><div class="col-xs-2 col-sm-1 no-padding"><div class="cmt-avatar"><a href="/user/2/acronimous" target="_blank" title="acronimous"><img src="https://static.stands4.com/images/user/2" title="acronimous" alt="acronimous" loading="lazy" /></a></div></div><div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-11"><div class="cmt-user"><a href="/user/2/acronimous" target="_blank" title="acronimous">acronimous</a></div><div class="cmt-comment"><div class="cmt-message">Thanks David! Appreciated...</div></div><div class="cmt-actions"><span><span class="cmt-like">Like</span></span><span><span class="cmt-reply" title="Reply">Reply</span></span><span><span title="Report as spam" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#cmt-report-modal" class="cmt-report small"><i class="fa-flag fas"></i></span></span><span class="cmt-likes" data-count="8"><i class="fas fa-thumbs-up"></i> 8</span><span class="cmt-added">4 years ago</span></div></div></div></li></ul></li></ul> </div>  <div class="modal fade" id="cmt-report-modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cmt-report-label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="cmt-report-label">Report Comment</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and 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