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.talkheader-help,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-shortcuts{display:flex;align-items:center;padding:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help{flex:2 1 auto;border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#ffffff);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies{flex:1 1 auto}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies+.talkheader-policies{border-left:1px solid #c0c090}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-shortcuts{flex:0 1 auto}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help>*,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies>*,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-shortcuts>*{flex:1 1 auto}.mw-parser-output .talkheader-help ul,.mw-parser-output .talkheader-policies ul{margin:0.1em 0.8em 0 1.6em;text-align:left}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .talkheader{min-width:80%}}</style><table role="presentation" class="tmbox tmbox-notice talkheader plainlinks" id="talkheader" style="border-collapse: separate;"><tbody><tr> <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid #c0c090; font-weight: bold;">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">talk page</a> for discussing improvements to the <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">Compiler</a> article.<br> This is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#FORUM" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">not a forum</a> for general discussion of the article's subject.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div class="talkheader-body"> <div class="talkheader-help"> <ul><li>Put new text under old text. <strong><a href="/wiki/Special:NewSection/Talk:Compiler" title="Special:NewSection/Talk:Compiler">Click here to start a new topic.</a></strong></li> <li>New to Wikipedia? Welcome! <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Learn to edit</a>; <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Questions" title="Wikipedia:Questions">get help</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="talkheader-policies"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Be polite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">avoid personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not bite the newcomers">Be welcoming to newcomers</a></li> <li>Seek <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution_requests" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution requests">dispute resolution</a> if needed</li></ul> </div><div class="talkheader-policies"> <div><b>Article policies</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of 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.class-na{background-color:#F5F5F5}.mw-parser-output .class-category{background-color:#FFDB58}.mw-parser-output .class-disambig{background-color:#00FA9A}.mw-parser-output .class-draft{background-color:#E7B198}.mw-parser-output .class-file{background-color:#DDCCFF}.mw-parser-output .class-future{background-color:#B4BBFF}.mw-parser-output .class-portal{background-color:#DDB1BC}.mw-parser-output .class-project{background-color:#C0C090}.mw-parser-output .class-redirect{background-color:#C0C0C0}.mw-parser-output .class-sia{background-color:#E9DAFF}.mw-parser-output .class-user{background-color:#DDD06A}.mw-parser-output .class-template{background-color:#FBCEB1}.mw-parser-output .class-unassessed{background-color:#DCDCDC}.mw-parser-output .conflict{border:0.2em solid red}.mw-parser-output .inactive-wikiproject .wpb-header-bubbles{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpb-category-box{background-color:#0a0a0a}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb .wpb-main,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb-header{background-color:#302f2d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wpbs .banner-shell-inner{background-color:#2e2505}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpb-category-box{background-color:#0a0a0a}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb .wpb-main,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpbs .wpb-header{background-color:#302f2d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wpbs .banner-shell-inner{background-color:#2e2505}}</style><table class="tmbox tmbox-notice mw-collapsible innercollapse wpb wpb-table"><tbody><tr class="wpb-header"><td class="wpb-header-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:System-installer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/System-installer.svg/25px-System-installer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/System-installer.svg/38px-System-installer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/System-installer.svg/50px-System-installer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"></a></span></td><td class="wpb-header-combined"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Software" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Software">Software</a><span class="wpb-nested-task-force">: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computing" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computing">Computing</a></span> <span class="wpb-header-bubbles import-top">Top‑importance</span></td></tr><tr><td class="mbox-text wpb-main" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image wpb-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:System-installer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/System-installer.svg/80px-System-installer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/System-installer.svg/120px-System-installer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/System-installer.svg/160px-System-installer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This article is within the scope of <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Software" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Software">WikiProject Software</a></b>, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a> on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Software" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Software">the discussion</a> and see a list of open tasks.<span class="metadata wpb-metadata"><span class="wpb-project">Software</span><span class="wpb-project_link">Wikipedia:WikiProject Software</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">Template:WikiProject Software</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">software</span></span></td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr><tr><td class="assess import-top"><a href="/wiki/Category:Top-importance_software_articles" title="Category:Top-importance software articles">Top</a></td><td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">This article has been rated as <b>Top-importance</b> on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Software/Assessment#Importance_scale" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Software/Assessment">project's importance scale</a>.</td></tr><tr><td><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_128_kcontrol.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Taskforce icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Crystal_128_kcontrol.png/25px-Crystal_128_kcontrol.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Crystal_128_kcontrol.png/38px-Crystal_128_kcontrol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Crystal_128_kcontrol.png/50px-Crystal_128_kcontrol.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td><td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">This article is supported by <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computing" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computing">WikiProject Computing</a></b> (assessed as <a href="/wiki/Category:Top-importance_Computing_articles" title="Category:Top-importance Computing articles">Top-importance</a>).</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237879475"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1259570071"><table class="tmbox tmbox-notice mw-collapsible innercollapse wpb wpb-table"><tbody><tr class="wpb-header"><td class="wpb-header-icon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg/25px-Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg/38px-Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg/50px-Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="354"></a></span></td><td class="wpb-header-combined"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computer_science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science">Computer science</a> <span class="wpb-header-bubbles import-top">Top‑importance</span></td></tr><tr><td class="mbox-text wpb-main" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image wpb-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="WikiProject icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg/80px-Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg/120px-Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg/160px-Wikimedia_Compsci_Working_Group_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="354"></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This article is within the scope of <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computer_science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science">WikiProject Computer science</a></b>, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a> related articles on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Computer_science" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Computer science">the discussion</a> and see a list of open tasks.<span class="metadata wpb-metadata"><span class="wpb-project">Computer science</span><span class="wpb-project_link">Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science</span><span class="wpb-banner_name">Template:WikiProject Computer science</span><span class="wpb-assessment_cat">Computer science</span></span></td><td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td></tr><tr><td class="assess import-top"><a href="/wiki/Category:Top-importance_Computer_science_articles" title="Category:Top-importance Computer science articles">Top</a></td><td class="mbox-text" colspan="2">This article has been rated as <b>Top-importance</b> on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computer_science/Assessment#Importance_scale" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science/Assessment">project's importance scale</a>.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding:0"><table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background:transparent;width:100%"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align:left;padding:0.2em 2px 0.2em 0">Things you can help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computer_science" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science">WikiProject Computer science</a> with:</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;padding:5px;background-color:white;border:1px solid #c0c090;margin-top:5px"> <table style="background:none;color:inherit;width:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/50px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/75px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/100px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></a></span><br><div style="width: 55px; height: 0px;"></div> </td> <td> <div style="position: relative; left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; z-index: 15;">Here are some tasks awaiting attention: <ul style="font-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0px 0.3em 25px;"> <li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles">Article requests</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles/Applied_arts_and_sciences/Computer_science,_computing,_and_Internet" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Computer science, computing, and Internet">Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Computer science, computing, and Internet</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">Cleanup</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_science_articles_needing_attention" title="Category:Computer science articles needing attention">Computer science articles needing attention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_science_articles_needing_expert_attention" title="Category:Computer science articles needing expert attention">Computer science articles needing expert attention</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_copyediting" title="Wikipedia:Basic copyediting">Copyedit</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computing" title="Computing">Computing</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">Expand</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Infoboxes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes">Infobox</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_science_articles_without_infoboxes" title="Category:Computer science articles without infoboxes">Computer science articles without infoboxes</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Maintenance">Maintain</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_2020%E2%80%93present" title="Timeline of computing 2020–present">Timeline of computing 2020–present</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_pictures" title="Wikipedia:Requested pictures">Photo</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li>Find pictures for the biographies of computer scientists (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_computer_scientists" title="List of computer scientists">List of computer scientists</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computing_articles_needing_images" title="Category:Computing articles needing images">Computing articles needing images</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">Stubs</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_science_stubs" title="Category:Computer science stubs">Computer science stubs</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Unreferenced</a></i> :</b> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Computer_science/Unreferenced_BLPs" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Computer science/Unreferenced BLPs">WikiProject Computer science/Unreferenced BLPs</a></li></ul> </div></li><li><b><i>Project-related</i> :</b> <div> <ul><li>Tag all relevant articles in <a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_science" title="Category:Computer science">Category:Computer science</a> and sub-categories with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:WikiProject_Computer_science" title="Template:WikiProject Computer science">WikiProject Computer science</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></li> </ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#duplication"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">duplication</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Compiler_Execution_process_section"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Compiler Execution process section</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Middle_%22END%22?"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Middle "END"?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly_language"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">History section need the motivation for using a compiler versus machine/assembly language</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Early_compilers_(1954)"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Early compilers (1954)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Wiki_Education_assignment:_Linguistics_in_the_Digital_Age"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Wiki Education assignment: Linguistics in the Digital Age</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="duplication" data-mw-thread-id="h-duplication"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-duplication"></span>duplication<span data-mw-comment-end="h-duplication"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Compiler&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: duplication" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> <span id='ooui-php-14' class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonMenuSelectWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"ellipsis","data":{"itemConfigs":[{"id":"edit","data":{"id":"edit"},"icon":"edit","label":"Edit"}],"resourceLoaderModules":[]},"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton"]}'><a role='button' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-ellipsis'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span></a></span></div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>the "types of compilers" section is a duplication of text at the very top of the page. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Compiler_Execution_process_section" data-mw-thread-id="h-Compiler_Execution_process_section-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Compiler_Execution_process_section-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"></span>Compiler Execution process section<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Compiler_Execution_process_section-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Compiler&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Compiler Execution process section" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> <span id='ooui-php-15' class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonMenuSelectWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"ellipsis","data":{"itemConfigs":[{"id":"edit","data":{"id":"edit"},"icon":"edit","label":"Edit"}],"resourceLoaderModules":[]},"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton"]}'><a role='button' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-ellipsis'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span></a></span><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-timestampLabel'>Latest comment: <a href="#c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-16T13:34:00.000Z-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z">3 years ago</a></span><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-commentCountLabel'>6 comments</span><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-authorCountLabel'>3 people in discussion</span></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"></div></div></div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z-Compiler_Execution_process_section"></span>Hello <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F (page does not exist)">2603:6080:6c04:c700:900f:572:7eff:875f</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F" title="User talk:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F">talk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/2603:6080:6c04:c700:900f:572:7eff:875f" title="Special:Contributions/2603:6080:6c04:c700:900f:572:7eff:875f">contribs</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:83.26.157.157&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:83.26.157.157 (page does not exist)">83.26.157.157</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:83.26.157.157" title="User talk:83.26.157.157">talk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/83.26.157.157" title="Special:Contributions/83.26.157.157">contribs</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:94seulgi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:94seulgi (page does not exist)">94seulgi</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:94seulgi" title="User talk:94seulgi">talk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/94seulgi" title="Special:Contributions/94seulgi">contribs</a>), let us discuss about Compiler Execution process section that kept being reverted over and over again. Please remember not to engage in edit war, but seek consensus. Let us discuss! <a href="/wiki/User:SunDawn" title="User:SunDawn">SunDawn</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:SunDawn" title="User talk:SunDawn">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z-Compiler_Execution_process_section" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">16:56, 15 May 2021 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z-Compiler_Execution_process_section"><span id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z-Compiler_Execution_process_section"></span> </p> <dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"></span>Well, 94seulgi started this edit war by adding info that was already in the article.--<a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F" title="Special:Contributions/2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F">2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F" title="User talk:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">17:04, 15 May 2021 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z"></span>I understand, but you should not violate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:3RR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:3RR">WP:3RR</a> no matter the case. I have reverted to the latest stable version, I have also placed warnings on <span class="template-ping">@<a href="/w/index.php?title=User:94seulgi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:94seulgi (page does not exist)">94seulgi</a>:</span> hoping that he/she will come to discuss. <a href="/wiki/User:SunDawn" title="User:SunDawn">SunDawn</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:SunDawn" title="User talk:SunDawn">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">17:09, 15 May 2021 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-3" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:04:00.000Z"></span> <dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z"></span>Ok, and 83.26.157.157 is locked for sock puppetry.--<a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F" title="Special:Contributions/2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F">2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F" title="User talk:2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">17:09, 15 May 2021 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-4" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-2603:6080:6C04:C700:900F:572:7EFF:875F-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T17:09:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd> <dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"></span>Hi folks, I'm the first person who reverted <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:94seulgi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:94seulgi (page does not exist)">94seulgi</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:94seulgi" title="User talk:94seulgi">talk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/94seulgi" title="Special:Contributions/94seulgi">contribs</a>)'s edits to <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">Compiler</a>, and I did leave a note on their talk page explaining that the material which they added was already in the article. It looks to me as if they are repeatedly adding more or less the same thing without noticing the messages (admittedly when I was a new editor it took me a while to figure out how talk pages worked). I just hope that <a href="/w/index.php?title=User:94seulgi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:94seulgi (page does not exist)">94seulgi</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:94seulgi" title="User talk:94seulgi">talk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/94seulgi" title="Special:Contributions/94seulgi">contribs</a>) joins the discussion here and explains why they feel the need to put duplicate stuff in the article. <a href="/wiki/User:Murray_Langton" title="User:Murray Langton">Murray Langton</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Murray_Langton" title="User talk:Murray Langton">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">19:03, 15 May 2021 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-5" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z-SunDawn-2021-05-15T16:56:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-16T13:34:00.000Z-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z"></span>I have left a similar message on <a href="/wiki/User_talk:Dbtjdgns132" title="User talk:Dbtjdgns132">User talk:Dbtjdgns132</a>. From their editing pattern (small sample) it looks as if this may a sock-puppet. <a href="/wiki/User:Murray_Langton" title="User:Murray Langton">Murray Langton</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Murray_Langton" title="User talk:Murray Langton">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-16T13:34:00.000Z-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">13:34, 16 May 2021 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-16T13:34:00.000Z-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-6" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Murray_Langton-2021-05-16T13:34:00.000Z-Murray_Langton-2021-05-15T19:03:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id='Middle_"END"?' data-mw-thread-id='h-Middle_"END"?-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z'><span id="Middle_.22END.22.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id='h-Middle_"END"?-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z'></span>Middle "END"?<span data-mw-comment-end='h-Middle_"END"?-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z'></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Compiler&action=edit&section=3" title='Edit section: Middle "END"?' class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> <span id='ooui-php-16' class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonMenuSelectWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"ellipsis","data":{"itemConfigs":[{"id":"edit","data":{"id":"edit"},"icon":"edit","label":"Edit"}],"resourceLoaderModules":[]},"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton"]}'><a role='button' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-ellipsis'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span></a></span><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-timestampLabel'>Latest comment: <a href="#c-Gah4-2022-01-01T22:12:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z">3 years ago</a></span><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-commentCountLabel'>3 comments</span><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-authorCountLabel'>2 people in discussion</span></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"></div></div></div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id='c-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z-Middle_"END"?'></span>Trivial observation by a person who made extensive use of FORTRAN some 50 years ago but not since (nor any other compiler or such tool): Under "Compiler Design" one diagram and associated text talks about "Front End, Middle End and Back End". I don't know the terminology of the field, but "Middle End" seems contradictory. <a href="/wiki/User:Casey56" title="User:Casey56">Casey</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Casey56" title="User talk:Casey56">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z-Middle_%22END%22?" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">15:17, 1 January 2022 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id='c-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z-Middle_"END"?'><span id="ooui-php-7" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end='c-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z-Middle_"END"?'></span> </p> <dl><dd></dd> <dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Gah4-2022-01-01T17:36:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z"></span>It does, but that is the terminology. Users of compilers likely don't even need to know that, but people who work on them do. There are two parts of compilers that can, mostly, be done without connection to the rest. Those got named <i>front end</i> (the part that first processes input characters) and <i>back end</i> (that generates instructions in the target langauage). The rest then gets named <i>middle end</i>. <a href="/wiki/User:Gah4" title="User:Gah4">Gah4</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Gah4" title="User talk:Gah4">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-Gah4-2022-01-01T17:36:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">17:36, 1 January 2022 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Gah4-2022-01-01T17:36:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-8" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Gah4-2022-01-01T17:36:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z"></span></dd> <dd></dd> <dd><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-Gah4-2022-01-01T22:12:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z"></span>Discussion on the comp.compilers newsgroup finds <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gcc.gnu.org/legacy-ml/gcc/1997-08/0053.html">this one</a> as an early reference. It is normally the place where optimization is done, so more important as optimization has increased in importance. <a href="/wiki/User:Gah4" title="User:Gah4">Gah4</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Gah4" title="User talk:Gah4">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-Gah4-2022-01-01T22:12:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">22:12, 1 January 2022 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-Gah4-2022-01-01T22:12:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z"><span id="ooui-php-9" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-Gah4-2022-01-01T22:12:00.000Z-Casey56-2022-01-01T15:17:00.000Z"></span></dd></dl> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly_language" data-mw-thread-id="h-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly-20221109164400"><span id="History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine.2Fassembly_language"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly-20221109164400"></span>History section need the motivation for using a compiler versus machine/assembly language<span data-mw-comment-end="h-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly-20221109164400"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Compiler&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History section need the motivation for using a compiler versus machine/assembly language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> <span id='ooui-php-17' class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonMenuSelectWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"ellipsis","data":{"itemConfigs":[{"id":"edit","data":{"id":"edit"},"icon":"edit","label":"Edit"}],"resourceLoaderModules":[]},"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton"]}'><a role='button' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-ellipsis'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span></a></span><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-bar"><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-metadata"><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-timestampLabel'>Latest comment: <a href="#c-MarMi_wiki-20230628135600-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly">1 year ago</a></span><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-commentCountLabel'>2 comments</span><span class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-metaitem ext-discussiontools-init-section-authorCountLabel'>2 people in discussion</span></div><div class="ext-discussiontools-init-section-actions"></div></div></div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-107.197.56.204-20221109164400-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly"></span>One of the major reasons driving for compilers in the 1950s versus assembly languages was that the IBM 704 implemented floating point operations in hardware instead of software routines. It sped up floating point calculations by a factor of 10 and switched the execution time of a program from nearly all being floating point computation routines to the rest of the program. And by extension, programmer productivity became a blocking factor. </p><p>From: Book: A HISTORY OF COMPUTING IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY -JOHN BACKUS Chapter: Programming in America in the 1950s-Some Personal Impressions Section 7. The Origins of FORTRAN Page 130-131 <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"FORTRAN did not really grow out of some brainstorm about the beauty of programming in mathematical notation; instead it began with the recognition of a basic problem of economics: <b>programming and debugging costs already exceeded the cost of running a program, and as computers became faster and cheaper this imbalance would become more and more intolerable. </b> </p><p>This prosaic economic insight, plus experience with the drudgery of coding, plus an unusually lazy nature led to my continuing interest in making programming easier. This interest led directly to work on Speedcoding for the 701 and to efforts to have floating point as well as indexing built into the 704. </p><p>The <b>viability of most compilers and interpreters prior to FORTRAN had rested on the fact that most source operations were not machine operations</b>. Thus even large inefficiencies in compiling or interpreting looping and testing operations and in computing addresses were masked by the fact that <b>most operating time was spent in floating-point subroutines. </b> </p><p>But the advent of <b>the 704 with built-in floating-point and indexing radically altered the situation.</b> </p><p>The 704 presented a double challenge to those who wanted to simplify programming; first it removed the raison d'etre of earlier systems by providing in hardware the operations they existed to provide, and second, <b>it increased the problem of generating efficient programs by an order of magnitude by speeding up floating-point operations by a factor of ten and thereby leaving inefficiencies nowhere to hide.</b> </p><p>So what could be done now to ease the programmer's job? Once asked, the answer to this question had to be: Let him use mathematical notation. But behind that answer (in the new 704 environment) there was the really new and hard question: <b>Can a machine translate a sufficiently rich mathematical language into a sufficiently economical machine program to make the whole affair feasible? "</b> <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/107.197.56.204" title="Special:Contributions/107.197.56.204">107.197.56.204</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:107.197.56.204" title="User talk:107.197.56.204">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-107.197.56.204-20221109164400-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">16:44, 9 November 2022 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-107.197.56.204-20221109164400-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly"><span id="ooui-php-10" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"share","label":"Reply","flags":["progressive"],"classes":["ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" rel="nofollow" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-share oo-ui-image-progressive"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">Reply</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-progressive"></span></a></span></span><span data-mw-comment-end="c-107.197.56.204-20221109164400-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly"></span> </p> <span data-mw-comment-start="" id="c-MarMi_wiki-20230628135600-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232521257">.mw-parser-output .reflist-talk{margin:auto 0;border:1px dashed var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:4px;padding-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-talk-title{font-weight:bold}</style><div class="reflist-talk"> <p class="reflist-talk-title">References</p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/FORTRAN/paper/Backus-ProgrammingInAmerica-1976.pdf">http://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/FORTRAN/paper/Backus-ProgrammingInAmerica-1976.pdf</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <dl><dd>Another major (or the main) reason - less time needed for creating a working program and obtaining the desired results from running the program:<br>Manual vs compiler <a href="/wiki/A-0_System" title="A-0 System">A-0</a>, Univac: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRidgway1952" class="citation journal cs1">Ridgway, Richard K. (1952-06-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/800259.808980">"Compiling routines"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the 1952 ACM national meeting (Toronto)</i>. ACM '52. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery: <span class="nowrap">1–</span>5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F800259.808980">10.1145/800259.808980</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4503-7925-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4503-7925-0"><bdi>978-1-4503-7925-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+1952+ACM+national+meeting+%28Toronto%29&rft.atitle=Compiling+routines&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.date=1952-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F800259.808980&rft.isbn=978-1-4503-7925-0&rft.aulast=Ridgway&rft.aufirst=Richard+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdl.acm.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1145%2F800259.808980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATalk%3ACompiler" class="Z3988"></span><br>Hopper. G. M. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_computers-and-people_1953-05_2_4/page/n3/mode/1up?view=theater">Compiling routines</a>". Computers and Automation 2, No. 4, 1953 May. 1-5 <a href="/wiki/User:MarMi_wiki" title="User:MarMi wiki">MarMi wiki</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:MarMi_wiki" title="User talk:MarMi wiki">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-MarMi_wiki-20230628135600-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">13:56, 28 June 2023 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-MarMi_wiki-20230628135600-History_section_need_the_motivation_for_using_a_compiler_versus_machine/assembly"><span id="ooui-php-11" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" 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id="Early_compilers_.281954.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Early_compilers_(1954)-20230712110700"></span>Early compilers (1954)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Early_compilers_(1954)-20230712110700"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Compiler&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early compilers (1954)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> <span id='ooui-php-18' class='ext-discussiontools-init-section-overflowMenuButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' 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href="https://books.google.pl/books?id=3EY-AQAAIAAJ&q=%22Business+Input/Output+Rerun%22&dq=%22Business+Input/Output+Rerun%22">[2]</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102785423">[3]</a> (03). <a href="/wiki/User:MarMi_wiki" title="User:MarMi wiki">MarMi wiki</a> (<a href="/wiki/User_talk:MarMi_wiki" title="User talk:MarMi wiki">talk</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Compiler#c-MarMi_wiki-20230712110700-Early_compilers_(1954)" class="ext-discussiontools-init-timestamplink">11:07, 12 July 2023 (UTC)</a><span class="ext-discussiontools-init-replylink-buttons" data-mw-thread-id="c-MarMi_wiki-20230712110700-Early_compilers_(1954)"><span id="ooui-php-12" class="ext-discussiontools-init-replybutton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget" 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