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Born in Toledo, he was court physician of the ruler of Denia (a maritime power on the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula) Mujāhid al-ʿAmirī and of his son Iqbāl al-Dawla. The author of the "history of Arabian physicians," Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, praises Ibn Yashush as a person of sharp mind and gentle manners who was well versed in grammar, philosophy, Bible, and Jewish law. Source for information on Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim: Encyclopaedia Judaica dictionary." /><meta name="abstract" content="IBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIMIBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIM (also known by his Arab name, Abū Ibrāhīm ibn Kastār ; d. 1056), Hebrew grammarian and Bible commentator. Born in Toledo, he was court physician of the ruler of Denia (a maritime power on the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula) Mujāhid al-ʿAmirī and of his son Iqbāl al-Dawla. The author of the "history of Arabian physicians," Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, praises Ibn Yashush as a person of sharp mind and gentle manners who was well versed in grammar, philosophy, Bible, and Jewish law." /><meta name="keywords" content="IBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIMIBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIM (also known by his Arab name, Abū Ibrāhīm ibn Kastār ; d. 1056), Hebrew grammarian and Bible commentator. Born in Toledo, he was court physician of the ruler of Denia (a maritime power on the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula) Mujāhid al-ʿAmirī and of his son Iqbāl al-Dawla. The author of the "history of Arabian physicians," Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, praises Ibn Yashush as a person of sharp mind and gentle manners who was well versed in grammar, philosophy, Bible, and Jewish law." /><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 8 (https://www.drupal.org)" /><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=0" /><script type="text/javascript" src="//s3.amazonaws.com/downloads.mailchimp.com/js/mc-validate.js" defer></script><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/sites/default/files/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /><title>Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim | Encyclopedia.com</title> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), 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Born in Toledo, he was court physician of the ruler of Denia (a maritime power on the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula) Mujāhid al-ʿAmirī and of his son Iqbāl al-Dawla. The author of the "history of Arabian physicians," Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, praises Ibn Yashush as a person of sharp mind and gentle manners who was well versed in grammar, philosophy, Bible, and Jewish law. The best known of his works is his book on accidence (i.e., on the inflections of verbs) called in Hebrew <i>Sefer ha-Ẓerufim</i>, which some scholars identify with the manuscript <i>Kitāb al-Taṣārīf</i> extant in the Oxford and Leningrad libraries. Fragments of this work were published by Derenbourg (<i>Opuscules et Traités d'About Walid Merwan ibn Djanah</i> (1880), p. xx) and by Kokowzoff (<i>Historii yevreyskoy filologii</i> 2 (1916), 117ff., 131ff., 174, 176ff.). Ibn Yashush was regarded as one of the greatest Hebrew grammarians by medieval Hebrew scholars such as <a data-article="851014" href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-ezra-moses-ben-jacob">Moses *Ibn Ezra</a> who, in his introduction to <i>Moznayim</i>, lists him among the sages of the holy tongue. Ibn Yashush wrote a Bible commentary named <i>Yiẓḥaki</i> in which the method of investigation comes very close to that of modern Bible criticism. He was sharply criticized for his bold approach and many scholars believe that Abraham ibn Ezra's sharp attack against the "blundering (or silly) fellow" (ליבהמה קחצי) who held that the chronology of the Edomite kings (Gen. 36:31ff.) was composed in the days of King <a data-article="398355" href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/jehoshaphat">*Jehoshaphat</a> was aimed against Ibn Yashush whose "book ought to be burned" (Ibn Ezra's commentary to Gen., loc. cit.).</p><h2>bibliography:</h2><p>Steinschneider, Arab Lit, 135–6, no. 89; Graetz, Gesch, 6 (1894<sup>3</sup>), 42–43; Bacher, in: J. Winter and A. Wuensche (eds.), <i>Juedische Literatur</i>, 2 (1894), 262–3; Ashtor, Korot, 2 (1966<sup>2</sup>), 184f., 386f.</p></div><div class="content-gate" style="display: none;"><div class="mailchimp-form-wrapper"></div></div><div class="full-content" style="display: none;"><h1>IBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIM</h1><p><b>IBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIM</b> (also known by his Arab name, <b>Abū Ibrāhīm ibn Kastār</b> ; d. 1056), Hebrew grammarian and Bible commentator. Born in Toledo, he was court physician of the ruler of Denia (a maritime power on the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula) Mujāhid al-ʿAmirī and of his son Iqbāl al-Dawla. The author of the "history of Arabian physicians," Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, praises Ibn Yashush as a person of sharp mind and gentle manners who was well versed in grammar, philosophy, Bible, and Jewish law. The best known of his works is his book on accidence (i.e., on the inflections of verbs) called in Hebrew <i>Sefer ha-Ẓerufim</i>, which some scholars identify with the manuscript <i>Kitāb al-Taṣārīf</i> extant in the Oxford and Leningrad libraries. Fragments of this work were published by Derenbourg (<i>Opuscules et Traités d'About Walid Merwan ibn Djanah</i> (1880), p. xx) and by Kokowzoff (<i>Historii yevreyskoy filologii</i> 2 (1916), 117ff., 131ff., 174, 176ff.). Ibn Yashush was regarded as one of the greatest Hebrew grammarians by medieval Hebrew scholars such as <a data-article="851014" href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-ezra-moses-ben-jacob">Moses *Ibn Ezra</a> who, in his introduction to <i>Moznayim</i>, lists him among the sages of the holy tongue. Ibn Yashush wrote a Bible commentary named <i>Yiẓḥaki</i> in which the method of investigation comes very close to that of modern Bible criticism. He was sharply criticized for his bold approach and many scholars believe that Abraham ibn Ezra's sharp attack against the "blundering (or silly) fellow" (ליבהמה קחצי) who held that the chronology of the Edomite kings (Gen. 36:31ff.) was composed in the days of King <a data-article="398355" href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/jehoshaphat">*Jehoshaphat</a> was aimed against Ibn Yashush whose "book ought to be burned" (Ibn Ezra's commentary to Gen., loc. cit.).</p><h2>bibliography:</h2><p>Steinschneider, Arab Lit, 135–6, no. 89; Graetz, Gesch, 6 (1894<sup>3</sup>), 42–43; Bacher, in: J. Winter and A. Wuensche (eds.), <i>Juedische Literatur</i>, 2 (1894), 262–3; Ashtor, Korot, 2 (1966<sup>2</sup>), 184f., 386f.</p><p>[Eliyahu Ashtor]</p></div></div></div><div class="views-element-container" id="block-trustme-views-block-article-article-detail-block"><div block="block-trustme-views-block-article-article-detail-block"><div class="js-view-dom-id-dc8cf5f8a1056cd2f938bf27a104a8ff8a6f568851f5d12fe9cfced869738b8e"><div class="articleWrapper"><h1 class="doctitle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseExample0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multiCollapseExample0" > Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim</h1><div class="divpagetoolscontrol"><div class="logo-copy"><div class="ency-provider ency-logo-gale"> <span class="hidden">gale</span></div> <span class="ency-views">views <strong class="topic_views"></strong></span> <span>updated <strong class="topic_updated"></strong></span></div><div class="icons-topics"><div class="speak-title" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title='Listen title' > <i> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path fill="#00428b" d="M832 352v1088q0 26-19 45t-45 19-45-19l-333-333h-262q-26 0-45-19t-19-45v-384q0-26 19-45t45-19h262l333-333q19-19 45-19t45 19 19 45zm384 544q0 76-42.5 141.5t-112.5 93.5q-10 5-25 5-26 0-45-18.5t-19-45.5q0-21 12-35.5t29-25 34-23 29-36 12-56.5-12-56.5-29-36-34-23-29-25-12-35.5q0-27 19-45.5t45-18.5q15 0 25 5 70 27 112.5 93t42.5 142zm256 0q0 153-85 282.5t-225 188.5q-13 5-25 5-27 0-46-19t-19-45q0-39 39-59 56-29 76-44 74-54 115.5-135.5t41.5-173.5-41.5-173.5-115.5-135.5q-20-15-76-44-39-20-39-59 0-26 19-45t45-19q13 0 26 5 140 59 225 188.5t85 282.5zm256 0q0 230-127 422.5t-338 283.5q-13 5-26 5-26 0-45-19t-19-45q0-36 39-59 7-4 22.5-10.5t22.5-10.5q46-25 82-51 123-91 192-227t69-289-69-289-192-227q-36-26-82-51-7-4-22.5-10.5t-22.5-10.5q-39-23-39-59 0-26 19-45t45-19q13 0 26 5 211 91 338 283.5t127 422.5z"/></svg> </i></div> <a class="pagetools_showCitation" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title='Cite this article' > <i data-toggle="modal" data-target="#citationModal0"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path fill="#00428b" d="M832 960v384q0 80-56 136t-136 56h-384q-80 0-136-56t-56-136v-704q0-104 40.5-198.5t109.5-163.5 163.5-109.5 198.5-40.5h64q26 0 45 19t19 45v128q0 26-19 45t-45 19h-64q-106 0-181 75t-75 181v32q0 40 28 68t68 28h224q80 0 136 56t56 136zm896 0v384q0 80-56 136t-136 56h-384q-80 0-136-56t-56-136v-704q0-104 40.5-198.5t109.5-163.5 163.5-109.5 198.5-40.5h64q26 0 45 19t19 45v128q0 26-19 45t-45 19h-64q-106 0-181 75t-75 181v32q0 40 28 68t68 28h224q80 0 136 56t56 136z"/></svg> </i> </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="pagetools_hlPrint" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title='Print this article' > <i> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path fill="#00428b" d="M448 1536h896v-256h-896v256zm0-640h896v-384h-160q-40 0-68-28t-28-68v-160h-640v640zm1152 64q0-26-19-45t-45-19-45 19-19 45 19 45 45 19 45-19 19-45zm128 0v416q0 13-9.5 22.5t-22.5 9.5h-224v160q0 40-28 68t-68 28h-960q-40 0-68-28t-28-68v-160h-224q-13 0-22.5-9.5t-9.5-22.5v-416q0-79 56.5-135.5t135.5-56.5h64v-544q0-40 28-68t68-28h672q40 0 88 20t76 48l152 152q28 28 48 76t20 88v256h64q79 0 135.5 56.5t56.5 135.5z"/></svg> </i> </a></div></div><div class="doccontentwrapper collapse show" id="collapseExample0"><div class="article-content-ad"></div><h1>IBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIM</h1><p><b>IBN YASHUSH, ISAAC ABU IBRAHIM</b> (also known by his Arab name, <b>Abū Ibrāhīm ibn Kastār</b> ; d. 1056), Hebrew grammarian and Bible commentator. Born in Toledo, he was court physician of the ruler of Denia (a maritime power on the eastern coast of the Iberian peninsula) Mujāhid al-ʿAmirī and of his son Iqbāl al-Dawla. The author of the "history of Arabian physicians," Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿa, praises Ibn Yashush as a person of sharp mind and gentle manners who was well versed in grammar, philosophy, Bible, and Jewish law. The best known of his works is his book on accidence (i.e., on the inflections of verbs) called in Hebrew <i>Sefer ha-Ẓerufim</i>, which some scholars identify with the manuscript <i>Kitāb al-Taṣārīf</i> extant in the Oxford and Leningrad libraries. Fragments of this work were published by Derenbourg (<i>Opuscules et Traités d'About Walid Merwan ibn Djanah</i> (1880), p. xx) and by Kokowzoff (<i>Historii yevreyskoy filologii</i> 2 (1916), 117ff., 131ff., 174, 176ff.). Ibn Yashush was regarded as one of the greatest Hebrew grammarians by medieval Hebrew scholars such as <a data-article="851014" href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-ezra-moses-ben-jacob">Moses *Ibn Ezra</a> who, in his introduction to <i>Moznayim</i>, lists him among the sages of the holy tongue. Ibn Yashush wrote a Bible commentary named <i>Yiẓḥaki</i> in which the method of investigation comes very close to that of modern Bible criticism. He was sharply criticized for his bold approach and many scholars believe that Abraham ibn Ezra's sharp attack against the "blundering (or silly) fellow" (ליבהמה קחצי) who held that the chronology of the Edomite kings (Gen. 36:31ff.) was composed in the days of King <a data-article="398355" href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/jehoshaphat">*Jehoshaphat</a> was aimed against Ibn Yashush whose "book ought to be burned" (Ibn Ezra's commentary to Gen., loc. cit.).</p><h2>bibliography:</h2><p>Steinschneider, Arab Lit, 135–6, no. 89; Graetz, Gesch, 6 (1894<sup>3</sup>), 42–43; Bacher, in: J. Winter and A. Wuensche (eds.), <i>Juedische Literatur</i>, 2 (1894), 262–3; Ashtor, Korot, 2 (1966<sup>2</sup>), 184f., 386f.</p><p>[Eliyahu Ashtor]</p></div><div class="bylinecontainer"> <span>Encyclopaedia Judaica</span> <span></span></div><div class="modal fade" id="citationModal0" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-scrollable"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></div><div class="modal-body citation-container"><div class="TopicCitationDiv"><div class="TabbedPanels"><p class="citationprefix"> <a name="citationanchor"></a> <span class="citethis">Cite this article </span> <br> <span class="selectcitationtext">Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.</span></p><div role="tabpanel" class="TabbedPanels"><ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"><li role="presentation"> <a href="#mlaTab0" class="active" aria-controls="malTab" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">MLA</a></li><li role="presentation"> <a href="#chicagoTab0" aria-controls="chicagoTab" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Chicago</a></li><li role="presentation"> <a href="#apaTab0" aria-controls="apaTab" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">APA</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane active" id="mlaTab0"><p class="cittext"> "<a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-yashush-isaac-abu-ibrahim ">Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim .</a>" <u>Encyclopaedia Judaica</u>. . <i>Encyclopedia.com.</i> 26 Nov. 2024 <span><</span><a href="https://www.encyclopedia.com">https://www.encyclopedia.com</a><span>></span>.</p></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="chicagoTab0"><p class="cittext"> "Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim ." <u>Encyclopaedia Judaica</u>. . <i>Encyclopedia.com.</i> (November 26, 2024). <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-yashush-isaac-abu-ibrahim ">https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-yashush-isaac-abu-ibrahim</a></p></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="apaTab0"><p class="cittext"> "Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim ." <u>Encyclopaedia Judaica</u>. . 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href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-waqar-joseph-ben-abraham"> <span>Ibn Waqar, Joseph ben Abraham</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-waqar"> <span>Ibn Waqar</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-wahshiyya-abu-bakr-ahmad-ibn-sali-ibn-al-mukhtar"> <span>Ibn Wahshiyya, Abu Bakr Ahmad Ibn ?Sali Ibn Al-Mukhtar</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-wafid-abu-al-mutarrif-abd-alrahman"> <span>Ibn Wafid, Abu Al-Mutarrif ?Abd Alrahman</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-verga-solomon"> <span>Ibn Verga, Solomon</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-verga-joseph"> <span>Ibn Verga, Joseph</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-tulun-mosque"> <span>Ibn Tulun Mosque</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-tufayl-d-580-ah1185-ce"> <span>Ibn Ṭufayl (d. 580 AH/1185 CE)</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-tufayl-abubacer"> <span>Ibn Tufayl (Abubacer)</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-tibbon-moses-ben-samuel"> <span>Ibn Tibbon, Moses Ben Samuel</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-tibbon-jacob-ben-machir"> <span>Ibn Tibbon, Jacob Ben Machir</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-tibbon"> <span>IBN Tibbon</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-taymiyya-taqiyy-ad-din-ahmad"> <span>Ibn Taymiyya, Taqiyy ad-Din Ahmad</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-taymiyya-1263-1328"> <span>Ibn Taymiyya (1263–1328)</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-taymiyah"> <span>Ibn Taymīyah</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-taimiyya-taymiyah-taqi-al-din"> <span>Ibn Taimiy(y)a (Taymīyah), Taqī al-Din</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-sina-abu-ali-husayn"> <span>Ibn Sīnā, Abū ʿAlī ḥusayn</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-sina-abu-ali-al-husayn-ibn-abdallah-also-known-avicenna"> <span>Ibn Sina, Abu ?Ali Al-Husayn Ibn ?Abdallah, also known as Avicenna</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-sina-or-avicenna-abu-ali-al-hussein-ibn-abdallah"> <span>Ibn Sina (or Avicenna), Abu Ali Al-Hussein Ibn Abdallah</span> </a></div><div class="current-node"> <b>Ibn Yashush, Isaac Abu Ibrahim</b></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-yunus"> <span>Ibn Yunus</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-yunus-abul-hasan-ali-ibn-abd-al-rahman-ibn-yunus-al-sadafi"> <span>Ibn Yunus, Abu?L-Hasan ?Ali Ibn ? Abd Al-Rahman Ibn Yunus Al Sadafi</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zabara-or-zabarra-joseph-ben-meir"> <span>Ibn Zabara (or Zabarra), Joseph ben Meir</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zabarra-zabara-judah"> <span>Ibn Zabarra (Zabara), Judah</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zaddik-joseph-ben-jacob-d-1149"> <span>Ibn Zaddik, Joseph ben Jacob (d. 1149)</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zadok-solomon"> <span>Ibn Zadok, Solomon</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zakbel-ibn-sahl-solomon"> <span>Ibn Zakbel (Ibn Sahl), Solomon</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zuhr"> <span>Ibn Zuhr</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibn-zuhrabu-marwan-abd-al-malik-ibn-abil-ala-latinabhomjeron-or-avenzoar"> <span>Ibn Zuhr,Abu Marwan ?Abd Al-Malik Ibn Abi?l-?Ala? (Latin,Abhomjeron or Avenzoar)</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-zur-jacob-ben-reuben"> <span>Ibn ẓur, Jacob ben Reuben</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-ata-allah"> <span>Ibn ʿAṭāʾ Allāh</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-ezra-avraham"> <span>Ibn ʿEzraʾ, Avraham</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibn-arabi"> <span>Ibn ‘Arabī</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibo"> <span>IBO</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibp"> <span>IBP</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibpat"> <span>IBPAT</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibrahim"> <span>Ibrāhīm</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/ibrahim-b-adham"> <span>Ibrāhīm b. Adham</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibrahim-ibn-sahl-al-andalusi-al-isra"> <span>Ibrahim Ibn Sahl Al-Andalusī Al-Isra</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibrahim-ibn-sayyar-al-nazzam"> <span>Ibrahim ibn Sayyar al-Nazzam</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibrahim-ibn-sinan"> <span>Ibrahim ibn Sinan</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibrahim-ibn-yaqub-tortosa"> <span>Ibrahim Ibn Yaʿqūb of Tortosa</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ibrahim-pashadeg"> <span>Ibrāhīm Pasha°</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/ibrahim-abdullah"> <span>Ibrahim, Abdullah</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/ibrahim-mo"> <span>Ibrahim, Mo</span> </a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><div id="footer"> <footer><div><div class="container"><div id="block-trustme-footerad"><script type="text/javascript" async src="https://btloader.com/tag?o=5698917485248512&upapi=true&domain=encyclopedia.com"></script><script>!function(){"use strict";var e;e=document,function(){var t,n;function r(){var t=e.createElement("script");t.src="https://cafemedia-com.videoplayerhub.com/galleryplayer.js",e.head.appendChild(t)}function a(){var t=e.cookie.match("(^|[^;]+)\\s*__adblocker\\s*=\\s*([^;]+)");return t&&t.pop()}function c(){clearInterval(n)}return{init:function(){var e;"true"===(t=a())?r():(e=0,n=setInterval((function(){100!==e&&"false"!==t||c(),"true"===t&&(r(),c()),t=a(),e++}),50))}}}().init()}(); </script></div></div><div id="block-mailchimp"><div><div id="mc_embed_shell"> </div><link href="//cdn-images.mailchimp.com/embedcode/classic-061523.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><style type="text/css"> <![CDATA[// ><!]]> </script></div></div><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-trustme-footer-menu" id="block-trustme-footer"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-trustme-footer-menu">Footer menu</h2><ul block="block-trustme-footer"><li> <a href="/" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">Home</a></li><li> <a href="/about" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319859">About Us</a></li><li> <a href="/faq" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319856">Help</a></li><li> <a href="/emailus" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="contact/feedback">Site Feedback</a></li><li> <a href="/privacy" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319857">Privacy & Cookie Policy</a></li><li> <a href="/termsofservice" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319858">Terms and Conditions</a></li><li> <a href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/daily/" title="Daily Stories" rel="nofollow">Daily</a></li></ul> </nav><div id="block-trustme-copyright"><div><p><span>© 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved.</span></p></div></div></div> </footer></div> <i class="back-to-top"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="60" height="60" viewBox="0 300 1792 1792"><path d="M1395 1184q0 13-10 23l-50 50q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-393-393-393 393q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-50-50q-10-10-10-23t10-23l466-466q10-10 23-10t23 10l466 466q10 10 10 23z"/></svg> </i><div class="overlay" onclick="closeOverlays();"></div><script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/293647","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"limitedContentAccess":{"nodeId":"293647"},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"307da934b26902b030680024e1773791a2d0824c3979c033e76f93f811d7f7eb"}}</script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_c8LbWbHV1txem3q8oAzuadnL-HiBShaQH_WRviNqT_g.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_zqxY3WQzYNR0NiKCpM5itT0--wb4EaKcun2onM0X1is.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_7riCSsmZKOyjnTzzQILMa9_W2mWycOMuqO6ECCFCXEk.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_yLV6HYxC2Rnf9ZekS8oWsZmUNhr7FkzcQDF4zydcT90.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_WGXfBW_MzOchPG9FUX5M7UvHZXqRJrIQ3Tfnf5S1iHg.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_3pfdm1-DO-9uxH3jNz-94vXg1cotDtnEae2CPEUnKmc.js"></script></body></html>