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class="mw-page-title-main">United States Geological Survey</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هيئة المسح الجيولوجي الأمريكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيئة المسح الجيولوجي الأمريكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA" title="যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ভূতত্ত্ব জরিপ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ভূতত্ত্ব জরিপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AD-kok_T%C4%93-chit_Ti%C4%81u-cha-s%C3%B3%CD%98" title="Bí-kok Tē-chit Tiāu-cha-só͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bí-kok Tē-chit Tiāu-cha-só͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Геалагічная служба ЗША – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геалагічная служба ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Геологическа топографска служба на САЩ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Геологическа топографска служба на САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servei_Geol%C3%B2gic_dels_Estats_Units" title="Servei Geològic dels Estats Units – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Servei Geològic dels Estats Units" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriikide_Geoloogiateenistus" title="Ameerika Ühendriikide Geoloogiateenistus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Ühendriikide Geoloogiateenistus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_Geol%C3%B3gico_de_Estados_Unidos" title="Servicio Geológico de Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio Geológico de Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_Geologia_Zerbitzua" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Geologia Zerbitzua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Geologia Zerbitzua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سازمان زمین‌شناسی ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سازمان زمین‌شناسی ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_g%C3%A9ologiques_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Institut d'études géologiques des États-Unis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Institut d'études géologiques des États-Unis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%A7%80%EC%A7%88%EC%A1%B0%EC%82%AC%EA%B5%AD" title="미국 지질조사국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 지질조사국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="संयुक्त राज्य भूवैज्ञानिक सर्वेक्षण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संयुक्त राज्य भूवैज्ञानिक सर्वेक्षण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameri%C4%8Dki_geolo%C5%A1ki_zavod" title="Američki geološki zavod – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Američki geološki zavod" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survei_Geologi_Amerika_Serikat" title="Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הסקר הגאולוגי של ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הסקר הגאולוגי של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94" title="Геолошки топографски институт на САД – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Геолошки топографски институт на САД" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemantauan_Geologi_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Pemantauan Geologi Amerika Syarikat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemantauan Geologi Amerika Syarikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%BB%E6%89%80" title="アメリカ地質調査所 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ地質調査所" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Geological_Survey" title="U.S. Geological Survey – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="U.S. Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/AQSH_Geologiya_Xizmati" title="AQSH Geologiya Xizmati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="AQSH Geologiya Xizmati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_Geol%C3%B3gico_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Serviço Geológico dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serviço Geológico dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviciul_de_prospectare_geologic%C4%83_al_Statelor_Unite" title="Serviciul de prospectare geologică al Statelor Unite – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Serviciul de prospectare geologică al Statelor Unite" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Геологическая служба США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Геологическая служба США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="United States Geological Survey" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolo%C5%A1ki_zavod_Zdru%C5%BEenih_dr%C5%BEav_Amerike" title="Geološki zavod Združenih držav Amerike – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Geološki zavod Združenih držav Amerike" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94" title="Геолошки топографски институт САД – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Геолошки топографски институт САД" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameri%C4%8Dki_geolo%C5%A1ki_zavod" title="Američki geološki zavod – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்க நில அளவாய்வுத் துறை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்க நில அளவாய்வுத் துறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_Jeoloji_Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%C4%B1_Kurumu" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Jeoloji Araştırmaları Kurumu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Jeoloji Araştırmaları Kurumu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=United_States_Geological_Survey&params=38.947_N_77.3675_W_type:landmark_region:US-VA"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°56′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°22′03″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.9470°N 77.3675°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.9470; -77.3675</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9689576">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">United States Geological Survey (USGS)</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg/210px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg/280px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Seal of the United States Geological Survey</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USGS_logo_green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/USGS_logo_green.svg/160px-USGS_logo_green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/USGS_logo_green.svg/240px-USGS_logo_green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/USGS_logo_green.svg/320px-USGS_logo_green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Official identifier of the U.S. Geological Survey</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Flag_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.png/220px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Flag_of_the_United_States_Geological_Survey.png 1.5x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><br />Flag of the United States Geological Survey</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">March 3, 1879<span class="noprint">; 145 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1879-03-03</span>)</span> (as Geological Survey)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Wesley_Powell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Wesley Powell (not yet started)">John W. Powell</a> National Center<br /><a href="/wiki/Reston,_Virginia" title="Reston, Virginia">Reston, Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=United_States_Geological_Survey&params=38.947_N_77.3675_W_type:landmark_region:US-VA"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°56′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°22′03″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.9470°N 77.3675°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.9470; -77.3675</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">8,670 (2009)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">$</a>1.16 billion (FY2019) <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executive</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Dave Applegate<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, Acting Director</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/">USGS.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_(USGS).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_%28USGS%29.jpg/300px-Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_%28USGS%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_%28USGS%29.jpg/450px-Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_%28USGS%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_%28USGS%29.jpg/600px-Sign_for_Cascades_Volcano_Observatory_on_Open_day_2005_%28USGS%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Cascades Volcano Observatory (Vancouver, Washington State, USA)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>United States Geological Survey</b> (<b>USGS</b>) is a scientific agency of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a>. The agency is a part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a>. </p><p>The scientists of the USGS study the <a href="/wiki/Landscape" title="Landscape">landscape</a> of the United States, its <a href="/wiki/Natural_resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural resources">natural resources</a>, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines: <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">geography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hydrology" title="Hydrology">hydrology</a>. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization. It has no power to regulate. </p><p>The USGS science focus is on seven "Mission Areas", (1) Climate and land use change, (2) Core science systems, (3) Ecosystems, (4) Energy and minerals, (5) Environmental health, (6) Natural hazards, and (7) Water.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Administratively, it is divided into a Headquarters unit and six Regional Units.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other specific programs include: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earthquakes">Earthquakes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Geological_Survey&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Earthquakes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Earthquakes"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The USGS <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/">Earthquake Hazards Program</a> monitors <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquake</a> activity worldwide. Its National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) in Golden, Colorado detects the location and magnitude of global <a href="/wiki/Earthquakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthquakes">earthquakes</a>. The USGS also runs or supports several regional monitoring networks in the U.S. under the umbrella of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/monitoring/anss/">Advanced National Seismic System</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028133155/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/monitoring/anss/">Archived</a> 2009-10-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (ANSS). The USGS informs authorities, emergency responders, the media, and the public, both domestic and worldwide, about significant earthquakes. It also maintains long-term archives of earthquake data for scientific and engineering <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">research</a>. It also conducts and supports research on long-term seismic hazards. </p><p>The USGS operates the streamgaging network for the United States, with over 7400 streamgages. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://water.usgs.gov/waterwatch/">Real-time streamflow data</a> are available online. The motto of the USGS is "<i>Science for a changing world</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671876">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8662964"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_Geological_Survey" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:United States Geological Survey"><span style="">United States Geological Survey</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Geological_Survey&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Website </th></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/">USGS official site</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Major USGS sites: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://water.usgs.gov/">Water</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geology.usgs.gov/index.shtml">Geology</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geography.usgs.gov/">Geography</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061229134602/http://geography.usgs.gov/">Archived</a> 2006-12-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biology.usgs.gov/">Biology</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101112192842/http://biology.usgs.gov/">Archived</a> 2010-11-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Geological_Survey&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-joint-resolution/31">H.J.Res. 31</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/dave-applegate">"Dave Applegate, Ph.D."</a> <i>U.S. Geological Survey</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Dave+Applegate%2C+Ph.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fstaff-profiles%2Fdave-applegate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/start_with_science/">"Start with science"</a>. United States Geological Survey<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Start+with+science&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fstart_with_science%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usgs.gov/energy_minerals">Energy and Minerals</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190401042841/https://www2.usgs.gov/energy_minerals/">Archived</a> 2019-04-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usgs.gov/envirohealth">Environmental Health</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180218032246/https://www2.usgs.gov/envirohealth/">Archived</a> 2018-02-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130115205356/http://www.usgs.gov/aboutusgs/organized/key_officials.asp#geo_area_map">"Map of geographic areas"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/aboutusgs/organized/key_officials.asp#geo_area_map">the original</a> on January 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Map+of+geographic+areas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Faboutusgs%2Forganized%2Fkey_officials.asp%23geo_area_map&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090130022940/http://www.usgs.gov/visual-id/outside_use.html">"USGS Visual Identity System"</a>. July 27, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/visual-id/outside_use.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Visual+Identity+System&rft.date=2006-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fvisual-id%2Foutside_use.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90105130">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000628415">Chile</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671803">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span title="Geological Survey (Estados Unidos)" class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX140059">Spain</a></span></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5562587">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11987842b">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11987842b">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512796906706">Catalonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1008577-4">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671803"><span title="United States Geological Survey" class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/TO0V095908">Italy</a></span></span></li> <li><span 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