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class="ecl-site-header__top" data-ecl-site-header-top> <a class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__logo-link" href="https://european-union.europa.eu/index_fr" aria-label="Accueil - Union européenne" data-aria-label-en="Home - European Union" > <picture class="ecl-picture ecl-site-header__picture" title="Union européenne" ><source srcset="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/logo/standard-version/positive/logo-eu--fr.svg" media="(min-width: 996px)" ><img class="ecl-site-header__logo-image" src="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/logo/condensed-version/positive/logo-eu--fr.svg" alt="Drapeau de l'Union européenne" ></picture> </a> <div class="ecl-site-header__action"> <div class="ecl-site-header__language"><a class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-site-header__language-selector" href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_fr" data-ecl-language-selector role="button" aria-label="Change language, current language is français - français" aria-controls="language-list-overlay" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-icon"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="false" role="img"><title >français</title><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#global"></use></svg></span>français</a><div class="ecl-site-header__language-container" id="language-list-overlay" hidden data-ecl-language-list-overlay aria-labelledby="ecl-site-header__language-title" role="dialog"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-header"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-title" id="ecl-site-header__language-title" >Select your language</div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-site-header__language-close ecl-button--icon-only" type="submit" data-ecl-language-list-close ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Fermer</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close-filled"></use></svg></span></button></div><div class="ecl-site-header__language-content" data-ecl-language-list-content ><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category" data-ecl-language-list-eu><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category-title">EU official languages</div><ul class="ecl-site-header__language-list"><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_bg" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="bg" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">bg</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="bg">български</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_es" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="es" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">es</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="es">español</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_cs" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="cs" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">cs</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="cs">čeština</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_da" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="da" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">da</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="da">dansk</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_de" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="de" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">de</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="de">Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_et" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="et" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">et</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="et">eesti</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_el" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="el" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">el</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="el">ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="en" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">en</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="en">English</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link ecl-site-header__language-link--active" hreflang="fr" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">fr</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="fr">français</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_ga" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="ga" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ga</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="ga">Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_hr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="hr" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">hr</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="hr">hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_it" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="it" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">it</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="it">italiano</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_lv" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="lv" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">lv</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="lv">latviešu</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_lt" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="lt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">lt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="lt">lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_hu" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="hu" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">hu</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="hu">magyar</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_mt" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="mt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">mt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="mt">Malti</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_nl" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="nl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">nl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="nl">Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_pl" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="pl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">pl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="pl">polski</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_pt" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="pt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">pt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="pt">português</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_ro" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="ro" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ro</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="ro">română</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_sk" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="sk" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sk</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="sk">slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_sl" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="sl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="sl">slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_fi" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="fi" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">fi</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="fi">suomi</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_sv" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="sv" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sv</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="sv">svenska</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category" data-ecl-language-list-non-eu><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category-title">Autres langues</div><ul class="ecl-site-header__language-list"><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_ru" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ru</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">русский</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_uk" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">uk</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">yкраїнська</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="ecl-site-header__search-container" role="search"> <a class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-site-header__search-toggle" href="" data-ecl-search-toggle="true" aria-controls="oe-search-search-form" aria-expanded="false" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#search"></use></svg>Rechercher </a> <form class="ecl-search-form ecl-site-header__search" role="search" action="/europa-analytics_fr" method="post" id="oe-search-search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" data-ecl-search-form ><div class="ecl-form-group"><label for="edit-keys" id="edit-keys-label" class="ecl-form-label ecl-search-form__label" >Rechercher</label><input id="edit-keys" class="ecl-text-input ecl-text-input--m ecl-search-form__text-input form-search ecl-search-form__text-input" name="keys" type="search" ></div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-search-form__button ecl-search-form__button" type="submit" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#search"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Rechercher</span></span></button><input data-drupal-selector="form-bcckjzuo35oamecqmctgh8qoag4u1i4i-eod8pxwqi4" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-bCckJzuo35OamECQMctgh8qOAG4U1I4I-Eod8PXWQI4" /><input data-drupal-selector="edit-oe-search-search-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="oe_search_search_form" /></form> <script type="application/json">{"service":"search","results":"in","form":".ecl-search-form","lang":"fr","key":"EUNION"}</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-site-header__banner"></div> <div id="block-ewcms-theme-horizontal-menu"> <nav class="ecl-menu" data-ecl-menu data-ecl-menu-max-lines="2" data-ecl-auto-init="Menu" data-ecl-menu-label-open="Menu" data-ecl-menu-label-close="Fermer" aria-expanded="false" role="navigation" aria-label="Navigation sur le site" ><div class="ecl-menu__overlay"></div><div class="ecl-container ecl-menu__container"><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-menu__open ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-open aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#hamburger"></use></svg><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close-filled"></use></svg><span 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aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Next items</span></span></button><ul class="ecl-menu__list" data-ecl-menu-list><li class="ecl-menu__item" data-ecl-menu-item id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-0"><a href="/index_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Home" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-0-link" >Accueil</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-1"><a href="/principles-countries-history_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Principles, countries, history" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-1-link" >Principes, pays, histoire</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Accéder aux sous-éléments" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-1-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/principles-and-values_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Principles and values" >Principes et valeurs</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/facts-and-figures-european-union_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Facts and figures on the European Union " >Faits et chiffres sur l’Union européenne </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/eu-countries_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EU countries" >Pays de l’UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/eu-enlargement_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EU enlargement" >Élargissement de l’UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/history-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="History of the EU" >Histoire de l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/symbols_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Symbols" >Symboles</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/languages_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Languages" >Langues</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/principles-countries-history/eu-made-easy_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EU made easy" >Faciliter la compréhension de l’UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/principles-countries-history_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Tout afficher</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-2"><a href="/institutions-law-budget_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Institutions, law, budget" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-2-link" >Institutions, droit, budget</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Accéder aux sous-éléments" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-2-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Institutions and bodies" >Institutions et organes</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/institutions-law-budget/leadership_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Leadership " >Direction</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/institutions-law-budget/law_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Law" >Législation</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/institutions-law-budget/budget_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Budget" >Budget</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/institutions-law-budget/euro_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="The Euro" >L’euro</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/institutions-law-budget_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Tout afficher</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-3"><a href="/priorities-and-actions_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Priorities and actions" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-3-link" >Priorités et actions</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Accéder aux sous-éléments" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-3-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/priorities-and-actions/eu-priorities_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EU priorities" >Priorités de l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/priorities-and-actions/actions-topic_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Actions by topic" >Actions par domaine</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/priorities-and-actions/european-years_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="European years" >Les Années européennes</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/priorities-and-actions/eu-support-ukraine_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EU support for Ukraine" >Le soutien de l’UE à l'Ukraine</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/priorities-and-actions_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Tout afficher</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-4"><a href="/live-work-study_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Live, work, study" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-4-link" >Vivre, travailler, étudier</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Accéder aux sous-éléments" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-4-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/living-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Living in the EU" >Vivre dans l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/travelling-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Travelling in the EU" >Voyager dans l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/participate-interact-vote_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Participate, interact, vote" >Participer, interagir et voter</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/immigration-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Immigration to the EU" >Immigration vers l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/working-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Working in the EU" >Travailler dans l’UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/doing-business-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Doing business in the EU" >Faire des affaires dans l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/import-and-export_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Import and export" >Importer et exporter</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/funding-grants-subsidies_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Funding, grants, subsidies" >Financement, aides et subventions</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/public-contracts_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Public contracts" >Marchés publics</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/studying-and-training-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Studying and training in the EU" >Suivre des études ou une formation dans l’UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/live-work-study/jobs-and-traineeships-eu-institutions_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Jobs and traineeships in EU institutions" >Offres d'emploi et de stages dans les institutions de l’UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/live-work-study_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Tout afficher</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-5"><a href="/news-and-events_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="News and events" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-5-link" >News and events</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Accéder aux sous-éléments" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-5-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/news-and-events/events_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Events" >Events</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/news-and-events/news-and-stories_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Featured news" >Featured news</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/news-and-events/press-releases_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Latest news from EU institutions and bodies" >Latest news from EU institutions and bodies</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/news-and-events_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Tout afficher</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-6"><a href="/contact-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Contact the EU" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-6-link" >Contacter l’UE</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Accéder aux sous-éléments" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-1982318671-6-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/eu/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/write-us_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Write to us" >Écrivez-nous</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/call-us_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Call us" >Appelez-nous</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/meet-us_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Meet us" >Nous rencontrer</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies/institutions-and-bodies-profiles_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Contact details: institutions, bodies and agencies" >Coordonnées des institutions, organes et agences de l'UE</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/visit-european-union-institution_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Visit a European Union institution" >Visiter une institution européenne</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/europe-and-worldwide-offices_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Europe and worldwide offices" >Les bureaux de l’UE en Europe et dans le monde entier</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/make-complaint_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Make a complaint" >Introduire une plainte</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/press-contacts_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Press contacts" >Contacts presse</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/contact-eu/social-media-channels_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Social media channels" >Les réseaux sociaux</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/contact-eu_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">Tout afficher</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use 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Analytics</span></li></ol></nav><div class="ecl-page-header__info"><h1 class="ecl-page-header__title"><span>Europa Analytics</span></h1></div></div></div> </div> <main class="ecl-u-pb-xl" id="main-content" data-inpage-navigation-source-area="h2.ecl-u-type-heading-2, div.ecl-featured-item__heading"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12 ewcms-top-sidebar"> <div> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12"> <div id="block-ewcms-theme-main-page-content" data-inpage-navigation-source-area="h2, div.ecl-featured-item__heading" class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <article dir="ltr"> <div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_926"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">À propos d’Europa Analytics<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><p>Europa Analytics est le service de la Commission européenne qui analyse et évalue l’efficacité des sites web de la Commission sur le site Europa.</p> <p>Tant les infrastructures que les logiciels de ce service sont sous le contrôle total de la Commission européenne et respectent la législation de l’UE en vigueur en matière de protection des données.</p> <p>Les modalités de protection de la vie privée d’Europa Analytics ont été validées par le délégué à la protection des données de la Commission européenne.</p> <p>Europa Analytics est géré par la direction générale de la communication de la Commission européenne et est fourni en tant que service aux propriétaires de sites web de toute la Commission afin de garantir à celle-ci une communication en ligne ciblée, utile et présentant un bon rapport coût-efficacité.</p> <p>Ce service est présent sur des sites web et des pages du domaine «europa.eu» et de ses sous-domaines appartenant à la Commission, mais il est mis en œuvre essentiellement dans le sous-domaine principal «ec.europa.eu» de la Commission.</p> <p>La Commission européenne gère le <a href="/index_fr">site web interinstitutionnel</a> (les pages de premier niveau du domaine «europa.eu») pour le compte de l’ensemble des institutions de l’Union européenne. Le service Europa Analytics est également présent sur les pages de premier niveau du site «europa.eu», où il nécessite cependant un consentement distinct. La politique du site web interinstitutionnel en matière de protection de la vie privée est disponible <a href="/privacy-policy-european-union-website_fr">ici</a>.</p> <p>Les autres institutions et organes de l’Union utilisent néanmoins leurs propres systèmes d’analyse de données. Consultez leurs avis juridiques respectifs pour en savoir plus.</p> <p><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_fr" class="ecl-link">Avis juridique de la Commission européenne</a></p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_927"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Informations et mesures relatives à la protection des données<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><h3>Cookies internes</h3> <p>Europa Analytics est configuré pour utiliser le domaine «europa.eu» (utilisé par les sites web des institutions européennes) et pour conserver des cookies internes qui arrivent à expiration et sont automatiquement supprimés de l’appareil de l’utilisateur après 13 mois.</p> <p>Un cookie est un petit fichier de données qu’un site web stocke sur l’ordinateur ou l’appareil mobile de ses visiteurs. Il en existe deux types: les cookies de session et les cookies persistants.</p> <p><a href="/cookies_fr">Pour en savoir plus sur nos cookies, cliquez ici</a></p> <p>Les cookies utilisés par Europa Analytics permettent à la Commission européenne de recueillir sur les visiteurs les informations suivantes, qui seront utilisées pour élaborer des rapports statistiques anonymes et agrégés sur l’activité des visiteurs:</p> <ul> <li>adresse IP (internet protocol) (anonymisée);</li> <li>localisation: pays, région, localité, latitude et longitude approximatives (géolocalisation);</li> <li>date et heure de la demande (visite du site);</li> <li>titre de la page consultée (Page Title);</li> <li>URL de la page consultée (Page URL);</li> <li>URL de la page consultée avant la page actuelle (Referrer URL);</li> <li>résolution d’écran de l’appareil de l’utilisateur;</li> <li>heure locale dans le fuseau horaire du visiteur;</li> <li>fichiers cliqués et téléchargés (Download);</li> <li>liens vers un domaine extérieur cliqués (Outlink);</li> <li>temps de génération de page: le temps qu'il faut pour que les pages web soient générées par le serveur web et téléchargées par le visiteur (Page Speed);</li> <li>langue principale du navigateur utilisé (Accept-Language header);</li> <li>version du navigateur, modules d’extension (plug-ins) du navigateur (PDF, Flash et Java), version du système d’exploitation et identifiant du dispositif (User-Agent header);</li> <li>langue de la page consultée;</li> <li>campagnes;</li> <li>recherche sur le site;</li> <li>événements.</li> </ul> <p>Afin d’améliorer l’exactitude des informations, certaines données sont également stockées dans des cookies internes, pour être ensuite recueillies par Europa Analytics:</p> <ul> <li>identifiant unique aléatoire du visiteur;</li> <li>moment de la première visite du visiteur;</li> <li>moment de la précédente visite du visiteur;</li> <li>nombre de visites du visiteur.</li> </ul> <p>La Commission européenne conserve la pleine responsabilité et le contrôle total des données recueillies à l’aide de cookies internes en conservant ces données sur des serveurs qu'elle contrôle entièrement.</p> <p>Les données recueillies ne contiennent aucune information personnelle et l’identifiant unique aléatoire du visiteur généré par le logiciel ne peut pas être utilisé pour identifier un visiteur en particulier. Les données ne sont pas communiquées à d’autres organisations à des fins commerciales ou de marketing ou pour réaliser des études de marché.</p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_928"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Préférence «Do Not Track»<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><p>La technologie «Do Not Track» («ne pas suivre») permet aux visiteurs de choisir de ne pas être suivi sur les sites web, que ce soit par des services d'analyse, des plateformes publicitaires ou des réseaux sociaux.</p> <p>Pour activer l’option «Do Not Track» dans votre navigateur, veuillez suivre le lien correspondant ci-dessous:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/how-do-i-turn-do-not-track-feature" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after"><span class="ecl-link__label">Firefox</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/17288/windows-internet-explorer-11-use-do-not-track" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after"><span class="ecl-link__label">Internet Explorer</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/help/4468242/microsoft-edge-browsing-data-and-privacy-microsoft-privacy" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after"><span class="ecl-link__label">Microsoft Edge</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/114836?hl=en-GB&ref_topic=3421433" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after"><span class="ecl-link__label">Chrome</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/safari/prevent-websites-from-tracking-you-sfri40732/mac#ibrw88300566" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after"><span class="ecl-link__label">Safari</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://help.opera.com/en/presto/be-safe-and-private/#notrack" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after"><span class="ecl-link__label">Opera</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></li> </ul> <p>Si votre navigateur ne figure pas dans la liste ci-dessus, consultez le site de son éditeur pour en savoir plus.</p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_929"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Consentement à la collecte de données pour les statistiques anonymisées sur votre expérience de navigation<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><p>Lorsque vous ouvrez une page sur laquelle Europa Analytics est activé, votre expérience de navigation est enregistrée par le service. En même temps, un bandeau peut s’afficher pour vous permettre d’accepter ou de refuser les cookies.</p> <p>Si vous refusez les cookies, vous arrêtez également le service Europa Analytics. Si vous choisissez toutefois d’apporter votre contribution, sous la forme de votre expérience de navigation sur nos sites web, pour nous permettre d’établir des statistiques anonymes, vous contribuerez à améliorer significativement l’efficacité, la portée et le rapport coût-efficacité de notre communication.</p> <p>Si vous avez activé l’option «Do Not Track» dans votre navigateur, nous respecterons votre choix et votre expérience de navigation sur les sites web de la Commission ne sera pas traitée par le service.</p> <p>Le fait de choisir de ne pas participer à l’établissement de statistiques anonymisées par Europa Analytics n'affecte pas la navigation sur nos sites.</p> <p>Vous pouvez décider de retirer ou d’accorder votre consentement à tout moment. Pour connaître votre situation actuelle en matière de consentement et gérer les aspects relatifs à celui-ci, veuillez cocher la case correspondante ci-dessous:</p> <article lang="en"> <div><script src="https://europa.eu/assets/comm/europaeu/resources/jsassets/webtools-eaoptout_fr.js"></script> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_930"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Accès restreint aux informations<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><p>Toutes les communications de données d'analyse sont chiffrées au moyen du protocole HTTPS. Les rapports d’analyse anonymisés générés par Europa Analytics ne peuvent être consultés que par l'intermédiaire du système d’authentification de la Commission européenne (EU Login), par le personnel des institutions européennes ou par des sous-traitants externes dûment autorisés, qui peuvent être amenés à analyser, gérer et/ou mettre à jour certains sites.</p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_931"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Masquage des adresses IP des visiteurs<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><p>Europa Analytics utilise un mécanisme d'anonymisation de l'adresse IP, qui masque automatiquement une partie de l'adresse IP de chaque visiteur, ce qui rend impossible toute identification d'un visiteur d'Europa au moyen de son adresse IP.</p> <p>Sachez que, à des fins statistiques, la localité et le pays d’origine sont déterminés à partir de l’adresse IP complète, puis stockés et agrégés avant l’application du masque d’anonymisation.</p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_932"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Fichiers journaux des visiteurs<br /> </h2> <div class="ecl"><p>Europa Analytics supprime automatiquement les données non agrégées anonymes après 13 mois.</p> <p>Les données anonymes et agrégées sont conservées pour une durée indéterminée par la Commission européenne à des fins d’analyse.</p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_933"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Contact</h2> <div class="ecl"><p>Toute question spécifique concernant la conservation et l’utilisation des données d'Europa Analytics peut être posée par l'intermédiaire du <a href="/contact-eu/write-us_fr">formulaire de contact</a> disponible sur «europa.eu»</p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_936"></a> <div class="ecl ecl-row ewcms-content-row-default"> <div class="ecl-col-m-12"> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_935"></a> <div class="ecl-content-item-block"><div 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