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Joshua 10:24 When they had brought the kings to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the army commanders who had accompanied him, "Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings." So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks.
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put your feet on the necks of these kings.” Then they came near and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />When they had brought the kings to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the army commanders who had accompanied him, “Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/joshua/10.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And it came to pass, when they brought out those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the captains of the men of war which went with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/joshua/10.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />So it was, when they brought out those kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the captains of the men of war who went with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” And they drew near and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/joshua/10.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />When they brought these kings out to Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the leaders of the men of war who had gone with him, “Come forward, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came forward and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/joshua/10.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />When they brought these kings out to Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the men of war who had gone with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came near and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/joshua/10.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />And it came about when they brought these kings out to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the men of war who had gone with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came near and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/joshua/10.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Now it happened that when they brought these kings out to Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel and said to the chiefs of the men of war who had gone with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came near and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/joshua/10.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />When they brought these kings out to Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and told the commanders of the men of war who had gone with him, “Come up close, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came forward and put their feet on the necks [of the five kings].<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/joshua/10.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />When they had brought the kings to him, Joshua summoned all the men of Israel and said to the military commanders who had accompanied him, “Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/joshua/10.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />When they had brought the kings to him, Joshua summoned all the men of Israel and said to the military commanders who had accompanied him, “Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/joshua/10.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the chiefs of the men of war that went with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/joshua/10.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />After Joshua had called the army together, he forced the five kings to lie down on the ground. Then he called his officers forward and told them, "You fought these kings along with me, so put your feet on their necks." The officers did this, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/joshua/10.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the chiefs of the men of war which went with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/joshua/10.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />When they brought them to Joshua, he called for all the men of Israel. He told the officers who had gone with him, "Come forward and put your feet on the necks of these kings." So that's what they did.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/joshua/10.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />and taken to Joshua. Joshua then called all the men of Israel to him and ordered the officers who had gone with him to come and put their feet on the necks of the kings. They did so. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/joshua/10.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />When they had brought these kings out to Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel and spoke to the leaders of the men who had gone out to war along with him, "Come close and put your feet on the necks of these kings." So they came near and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/joshua/10.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />When they had brought the kings to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the army commanders who had accompanied him, ?Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.? So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/joshua/10.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />When they brought the kings out to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the commanders of the troops who accompanied him, "Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings." So they came up and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/joshua/10.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />It happened, when they brought those kings out to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the men of war who went with him, "Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings." They came near, and put their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/joshua/10.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And it came to pass, when they brought out those kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the captains of the men of war who went with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/joshua/10.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />When they brought those kings out to Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the men of war who went with him, “Come near. Put your feet on the necks of these kings.” They came near, and put their feet on their necks. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/joshua/10.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And it comes to pass, when they bring out these kings to Joshua, that Joshua calls to every man of Israel, and says to the captains of the men of war, who have gone with him, “Draw near, set your feet on the necks of these kings”; and they draw near, and set their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/joshua/10.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And it cometh to pass, when they bring out these kings unto Joshua, that Joshua calleth unto every man of Israel, and saith unto the captains of the men of war, who have gone with him, 'Draw near, set your feet on the necks of these kings;' and they draw near, and set their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/joshua/10.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And it will be when they brought these kings forth to Joshua, and Joshua will call to every man of Israel, and will say to the leaders of the men of war having gone with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they will come near and put their feet upon their necks.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/joshua/10.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And when they were Drought out to him, he called all the men of Israel, and said to the chiefs of the army that were with him: Go, and set your feet on the necks of these kings. And when they had gone, and put their feet upon the necks of them lying under them, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/joshua/10.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And when they had been led out to him, he called all the men of Israel, and he said to the leaders of the army who were with him, “Go, and place your feet upon the necks of these kings.” And when they had gone and had tread their feet upon the necks of those who were thrown down,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/joshua/10.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />When they brought the five kings out to Joshua, he summoned all the army of Israel and said to the commanders of the soldiers who had marched with him, “Come forward and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” They came forward and put their feet upon their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/joshua/10.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />When they brought the kings out to Joshua, Joshua summoned all the Israelites, and said to the chiefs of the warriors who had gone with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” Then they came near and put their feet on their necks.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/joshua/10.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And when they brought out those kings to Joshua, Joshua called for all the commanders of the armed forces who went with him, and said to them, Come near, and put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of the kings.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/joshua/10.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And when they had brought these Kings to Yeshua, Yeshua called all of the Rulers, the workers of war who were walking with him, and he said to them: “Come and put your feet on the necks of these Kings”, and they approached and they placed their feet on the necks of these Kings<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/joshua/10.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the chiefs of the men of war that went with him: 'Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings.' And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/joshua/10.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And when they brought them out to Joshua, then Joshua called together all Israel, and the chiefs of the army that went with him, saying to them, Come forward and set your feet on their necks; and they came and set their feet on their necks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/joshua/10-24.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/p91zXIGB0Rk?start=2618" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm">The Victory at Makkedah</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">23</span>So they brought the five kings out of the cave—the kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon. <span class="reftext">24</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1961.htm" title="1961: way·hî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To fall out, come to pass, become, be. A primitive root; to exist, i.e. Be or become, come to pass."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3318.htm" title="3318: kə·hō·w·ṣî·’ām (Prep-k:: V-Hifil-Inf:: 3mp) -- A primitive root; to go out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.">When they had brought</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: hā·’êl·leh (Art:: Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">the</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·mə·lā·ḵîm (Art:: N-mp) -- King. From malak; a king.">kings</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/3091.htm" title="3091: yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ (N-proper-ms) -- Or Yhowshua; from Yhovah and yasha'; Jehovah-saved; Jehoshua, the Jewish leader.">Joshua,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3091.htm" title="3091: yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘ (N-proper-ms) -- Or Yhowshua; from Yhovah and yasha'; Jehovah-saved; Jehoshua, the Jewish leader.">he</a> <a href="/hebrew/7121.htm" title="7121: way·yiq·rā (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To call, proclaim, read. A primitive root; to call out to.">summoned</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kāl- (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">all</a> <a href="/hebrew/376.htm" title="376: ’îš (N-msc) -- Man. Contracted for 'enowsh; a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term.">the men</a> <a href="/hebrew/3478.htm" title="3478: yiś·rā·’êl (N-proper-ms) -- From sarah and 'el; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also of his posterity.">of Israel</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">and said</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/582.htm" title="582: ’an·šê (N-mpc) -- Man, mankind. From 'anash; properly, a mortal; hence, a man in general."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4421.htm" title="4421: ham·mil·ḥā·māh (Art:: N-fs) -- A battle, war. From lacham; a battle; generally, war.">the army</a> <a href="/hebrew/7101.htm" title="7101: qə·ṣî·nê (N-mpc) -- A chief, ruler. From qatsah in the sense of determining; a magistrate or other leader.">commanders</a> <a href="/hebrew/1980.htm" title="1980: he·hā·lə·ḵū (Art:: V-Qal-Perf-3cp) -- To go, come, walk. Akin to yalak; a primitive root; to walk.">who had accompanied</a> <a href="/hebrew/854.htm" title="854: ’it·tōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- With (denoting proximity). Probably from 'anah; properly, nearness, near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc.">him,</a> <a href="/hebrew/7126.htm" title="7126: qir·ḇū (V-Qal-Imp-mp) -- To come near, approach. A primitive root; to approach for whatever purpose.">“Come</a> <a href="/hebrew/7760.htm" title="7760: ·mū (V-Qal-Imp-mp) -- To put, place, set. Or siym; a primitive root; to put.">here and put</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7272.htm" title="7272: raḡ·lê·ḵem (N-fdc:: 2mp) -- Foot. From ragal; a foot; by implication, a step; by euphem. The pudenda.">your feet</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">on</a> <a href="/hebrew/6677.htm" title="6677: ṣaw·wə·rê (N-mpc) -- Or tsavvar; or tsavvaron; or tsavva.rah; intensively from tsuwr in the sense of binding; the back of the neck.">the necks</a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: hā·’êl·leh (Art:: Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">of these</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·mə·lā·ḵîm (Art:: N-mp) -- King. From malak; a king.">kings.”</a> <a href="/hebrew/7126.htm" title="7126: way·yiq·rə·ḇū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To come near, approach. A primitive root; to approach for whatever purpose.">So the commanders came forward</a> <a href="/hebrew/7760.htm" title="7760: way·yā·śî·mū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To put, place, set. Or siym; a primitive root; to put.">and put</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7272.htm" title="7272: raḡ·lê·hem (N-fdc:: 3mp) -- Foot. From ragal; a foot; by implication, a step; by euphem. The pudenda.">their feet</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">on</a> <a href="/hebrew/6677.htm" title="6677: ṣaw·wə·rê·hem (N-mpc:: 3mp) -- Or tsavvar; or tsavvaron; or tsavva.rah; intensively from tsuwr in the sense of binding; the back of the neck.">their necks.</a> </span><span class="reftext">25</span>“Do not be afraid or discouraged,” Joshua said. “Be strong and courageous, for the LORD will do this to all the enemies you fight.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/110-1.htm">Psalm 110:1</a></span><br />A Psalm of David. The LORD said to my Lord: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/16-20.htm">Romans 16:20</a></span><br />The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/15-25.htm">1 Corinthians 15:25</a></span><br />For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ephesians/1-22.htm">Ephesians 1:22</a></span><br />And God put everything under His feet and made Him head over everything for the church,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/1-13.htm">Hebrews 1:13</a></span><br />Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/10-13.htm">Hebrews 10:13</a></span><br />Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/51-23.htm">Isaiah 51:23</a></span><br />I will place it in the hands of your tormentors, who told you: ‘Lie down, so we can walk over you,’ so that you made your back like the ground, like a street to be traversed.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/5-3.htm">1 Kings 5:3</a></span><br />“As you are well aware, due to the wars waged on all sides against my father David, he could not build a house for the Name of the LORD his God until the LORD had put his enemies under his feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/22-41.htm">2 Samuel 22:41</a></span><br />You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/33-29.htm">Deuteronomy 33:29</a></span><br />Blessed are you, O Israel! Who is like you, a people saved by the LORD? He is the shield that protects you, the sword in which you boast. Your enemies will cower before you, and you shall trample their high places.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/18-40.htm">Psalm 18:40</a></span><br />You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/47-3.htm">Psalm 47:3</a></span><br />He subdues nations beneath us, and peoples under our feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and cobra; you will trample the young lion and serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/26-6.htm">Isaiah 26:6</a></span><br />Feet trample it down—the feet of the oppressed, the steps of the poor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/micah/7-10.htm">Micah 7:10</a></span><br />Then my enemy will see and will be covered with shame—she who said to me, “Where is the LORD your God?” My eyes will see her; at that time she will be trampled like mud in the streets.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And it came to pass, when they brought out those kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the captains of the men of war which went with him, Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings. And they came near, and put their feet on the necks of them.</p><p class="hdg">put your feet</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/33-29.htm">Deuteronomy 33:29</a></b></br> Happy <i>art</i> thou, O Israel: who <i>is</i> like unto thee, O people saved by the LORD, the shield of thy help, and who <i>is</i> the sword of thy excellency! and thine enemies shall be found liars unto thee; and thou shalt tread upon their high places.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/judges/8-20.htm">Judges 8:20</a></b></br> And he said unto Jether his firstborn, Up, <i>and</i> slay them. But the youth drew not his sword: for he feared, because he <i>was</i> yet a youth.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/2-8.htm">Psalm 2:8-12</a></b></br> Ask of me, and I shall give <i>thee</i> the heathen <i>for</i> thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth <i>for</i> thy possession… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/deuteronomy/29-10.htm">Captains</a> <a href="/joshua/9-19.htm">Chiefs</a> <a href="/joshua/10-21.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/joshua/10-22.htm">Joshua</a> <a href="/joshua/10-23.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/romans/16-4.htm">Necks</a> <a href="/joshua/10-20.htm">War</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/judges/5-14.htm">Captains</a> <a href="/joshua/13-21.htm">Chiefs</a> <a href="/joshua/10-29.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/joshua/10-25.htm">Joshua</a> <a href="/joshua/10-26.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/judges/5-30.htm">Necks</a> <a href="/joshua/10-25.htm">War</a><div class="vheading2">Joshua 10</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Five kings war against Gibeon</a></span><br><span class="reftext">6. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-6.htm">Joshua rescues it</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-10.htm">God fights against them with hailstones</a></span><br><span class="reftext">12. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-12.htm">The sun and moon stand still at the word of Joshua</a></span><br><span class="reftext">16. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-16.htm">The five kings are murdered in a cave</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-22.htm">They are brought forth</a></span><br><span class="reftext">24. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-24.htm">scornfully used</a></span><br><span class="reftext">26. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-26.htm">and hanged</a></span><br><span class="reftext">28. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-28.htm">Seven kings more are conquered</a></span><br><span class="reftext">43. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/joshua/10-43.htm">Joshua returns to Gilgal</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-300x250-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-BTF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-300x250-BTF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-BTF2 --> <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/10.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/joshua/10.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>When they had brought the kings to Joshua</b><br>This phrase refers to the five Amorite kings who had fled and hidden in the cave at Makkedah. The context is the southern campaign of the Israelites, where Joshua leads the conquest of Canaan. The capture of these kings signifies a pivotal moment in the military campaign, demonstrating God's deliverance of Israel's enemies into their hands. Historically, capturing enemy kings was a significant victory, symbolizing the defeat of their entire nation.<p><b>he summoned all the men of Israel</b><br>Joshua's summoning of all the men of Israel underscores the communal nature of Israel's military efforts and the shared responsibility in fulfilling God's command to conquer the land. It also serves as a public demonstration of God's power and faithfulness to His promises. This act reinforces the unity and collective identity of the Israelites as God's chosen people.<p><b>and said to the army commanders who had accompanied him</b><br>Joshua addresses the leaders who have been with him throughout the campaign. These commanders represent the military leadership and are instrumental in executing the strategies that lead to victory. Their presence highlights the importance of leadership and obedience in achieving God's purposes. This moment also serves as a teaching opportunity for these leaders, emphasizing reliance on God's guidance.<p><b>“Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.”</b><br>This act is symbolic of complete victory and subjugation. In ancient Near Eastern culture, placing one's foot on the neck of a defeated enemy was a common practice to demonstrate dominance and triumph. It signifies the total defeat of the enemy and the authority of the victor. Biblically, this act foreshadows the ultimate victory of Christ over His enemies, as seen in passages like <a href="/psalms/110.htm">Psalm 110:1</a>, where God says to the Messiah, "Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet."<p><b>So the commanders came forward and put their feet on their necks.</b><br>The obedience of the commanders in carrying out Joshua's command reflects their trust in his leadership and God's promises. This act of placing their feet on the necks of the kings serves as a tangible reminder of God's deliverance and the fulfillment of His promises to Israel. It also prefigures the ultimate victory of Jesus Christ over sin and death, as He will one day put all His enemies under His feet, as described in <a href="/1_corinthians/15-25.htm">1 Corinthians 15:25</a>.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/j/joshua.htm">Joshua</a></b><br>The leader of Israel, successor to Moses, who led the Israelites into the Promised Land.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_kings.htm">The Kings</a></b><br>Five Amorite kings who formed an alliance against Gibeon and were defeated by Joshua and the Israelites.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_commanders_of_the_troops.htm">The Commanders of the Troops</a></b><br>Leaders of the Israelite army who were called by Joshua to participate in the symbolic act of victory.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/i/israel.htm">Israel</a></b><br>The nation chosen by God, represented by its army and leaders in this passage.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/g/gibeon.htm">Gibeon</a></b><br>A city that made a treaty with Israel and was attacked by the Amorite kings, prompting Israel's defense.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/s/symbol_of_victory.htm">Symbol of Victory</a></b><br>The act of placing feet on the necks of the kings is a powerful symbol of God's deliverance and victory over enemies. It reminds believers of the ultimate victory we have in Christ.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/l/leadership_and_obedience.htm">Leadership and Obedience</a></b><br>Joshua's leadership and the obedience of the commanders highlight the importance of following God's appointed leaders and trusting in His plans.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness.htm">God's Faithfulness</a></b><br>This event demonstrates God's faithfulness to His promises, as He delivers the enemies into the hands of Israel, fulfilling His covenant.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/spiritual_warfare.htm">Spiritual Warfare</a></b><br>Just as Israel faced physical battles, believers face spiritual battles. We are called to stand firm in faith, knowing that God grants victory.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/u/unity_and_participation.htm">Unity and Participation</a></b><br>The involvement of the commanders signifies the importance of unity and active participation in God's work. Every believer has a role in God's mission.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_joshua_10.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Joshua 10</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_is_the_meaning_of_loving_god.htm">What is the meaning of loving God?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_do_levites'_lands_align_biblically.htm">In Joshua 14:3-4, how does the Levites' lack of a territorial inheritance align with other biblical passages that mention Levitical cities and lands?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_joshua_24_14-15_reconcile_idolatry.htm">Joshua 24:14-15 - How does this pledge to exclusively serve the Lord reconcile with the later biblical narratives showing continued idolatry in Israel?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/summarize_joshua's_life_and_leadership..htm">What is the summary of Joshua's life and leadership?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/joshua/10.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(24) <span class= "bld">The captains.</span>--The original word occurs here for the first time (see <a href="/judges/11-6.htm" title="And they said to Jephthah, Come, and be our captain, that we may fight with the children of Ammon.">Judges 11:6</a>; <a href="/judges/11-11.htm" title="Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and captain over them: and Jephthah uttered all his words before the LORD in Mizpeh.">Judges 11:11</a>), and seems to mean the <span class= "ital">actual leaders, </span>not merely the official heads, of the people, who had borne the brunt of the battle. These men having laboured, deserved to see the fruits of their labour; and the action of Joshua was well calculated to inspirit them, and to fire them with courage to lead their followers to the charge in battles that were yet to come.<p><span class= "bld">Put your feet upon the necks of these kings.</span>--Comp. <a href="/2_samuel/22-41.htm" title="You have also given me the necks of my enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me.">2Samuel 22:41</a>, "Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies;" and <a href="/genesis/49-8.htm" title="Judah, you are he whom your brothers shall praise: your hand shall be in the neck of your enemies; your father's children shall bow down before you.">Genesis 49:8</a>.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/joshua/10.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 24.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Which went with him.</span> There is a very unusual Hebrew phrase here. Not only is the article used instead of the relative pronoun <span class="hebrew">אֲשֶׁרָ</span> which occasionally occurs, as in <a href="/1_chronicles/29-17.htm">1 Chronicles 29:17</a>, but the form of the verb is Arabic. None of the commentators give a satisfactory explanation of this fact, and perhaps the suggestion of Houbigant is to be adopted, that the <span class="hebrew">א</span> which follows <span class="hebrew">הָלְכוּ</span> has been accidentally doubled by the transcriber. Kennicott thinks that some Arabic transcriber has inadvertently given the verb an Arabic form, which is very improbable. Keil thinks that it is a sort of intermediate step between the more ancient termination <span class="hebrew">וּן</span> and the more modern one in <span class="hebrew">וּ</span>. But if so, it is strange that we should only meet with it twice in Holy Scripture. Haverniek (Introduction, § 22 B) regards it as an archaic form. <span class="cmt_word">Put your feet on the necks of these kings.</span> This was a most common Oriental practice, as the Assyrian and Egyptian monuments prove. Calvin explains the otherwise "boundless arrogance" of the act by the Divine command. But, as Keil remarks, it was a "symbolical act, intended to inspirit the people." See also <a href="/psalms/110-1.htm">Psalm 110:1</a>; <a href="/1_corinthians/15-25.htm">1 Corinthians 15:25</a>. The fact that this was done, not by Joshua, but by the captains (<span class="hebrew">קצִין</span>; from <span class="hebrew">קָצָה</span> to cut off), <span class="accented">i.e.</span>, the inferior officers of the Israelitish army, makes a wide distinction between this and the usual arrogance of Oriental conquerors, and marks the very great moral superiority of Joshua over any other leader known to history either in his own time or in subsequent ages. For whereas the act was usually an act of arrogant triumph on the part of the leader himself, here the leader modestly disclaims any such superiority, and calls upon his subordinates to assume it, as a sign that the Israelitish people, whose representatives they were, <span class="accented">should</span> triumph over all their enemies. The next verse explains the reason of the injunction. To the kings themselves no insolence was displayed, for it was but the well known and perfectly understood symbol of their undeniable condition of subjection at that moment. But, of course, we are not to look for that gentleness and humanity in so far distant an age, which would at the present day be shown by a Christian general, or even for the moderation and clemency displayed in the hour of victory by an Alexander, a Scipio, a Caesar, trained under the maxims of Latin and Greek philosophy. See a fuller discussion of the subject in the Introduction. Origen remarks here, "Atque utinam Dominus meus Jesus filius Dei mihi istud concedat, et jubeat me pedibus meis conculcare spiritum fornicationis, et caleare super cervices spiritus iracundise et furoris, calcare avaritise daemonem, caicare jactantiam, conterere pedibus superbiae spiritum." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/joshua/10-24.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">When they had brought</span><br /><span class="heb">כְּֽהוֹצִיאָ֞ם</span> <span class="translit">(kə·hō·w·ṣî·’ām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-k | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3318.htm">Strong's 3318: </a> </span><span class="str2">To go, bring, out, direct and proxim</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the</span><br /><span class="heb">הָאֵלֶּה֮</span> <span class="translit">(hā·’êl·leh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Pronoun - common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> </span><span class="str2">These, those</span><br /><br /><span class="word">kings</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמְּלָכִ֣ים</span> <span class="translit">(ham·mə·lā·ḵîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶל־</span> <span class="translit">(’el-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> </span><span class="str2">Near, with, among, to</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Joshua,</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֒</span> <span class="translit">(yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3091.htm">Strong's 3091: </a> </span><span class="str2">Joshua -- 'the LORD is salvation', Moses' successor, also the name of a number of Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[he]</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ</span> <span class="translit">(yə·hō·wō·šu·a‘)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3091.htm">Strong's 3091: </a> </span><span class="str2">Joshua -- 'the LORD is salvation', Moses' successor, also the name of a number of Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">summoned</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיִּקְרָ֨א</span> <span class="translit">(way·yiq·rā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7121.htm">Strong's 7121: </a> </span><span class="str2">To call, proclaim, read</span><br /><br /><span class="word">all</span><br /><span class="heb">כָּל־</span> <span class="translit">(kāl-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> </span><span class="str2">The whole, all, any, every</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the men</span><br /><span class="heb">אִ֣ישׁ</span> <span class="translit">(’îš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_376.htm">Strong's 376: </a> </span><span class="str2">A man as an individual, a male person</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Israel</span><br /><span class="heb">יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל</span> <span class="translit">(yiś·rā·’êl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3478.htm">Strong's 3478: </a> </span><span class="str2">Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and said</span><br /><span class="heb">וַ֠יֹּאמֶר</span> <span class="translit">(way·yō·mer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> </span><span class="str2">To utter, say</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶל־</span> <span class="translit">(’el-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> </span><span class="str2">Near, with, among, to</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the army</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמִּלְחָמָה֙</span> <span class="translit">(ham·mil·ḥā·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4421.htm">Strong's 4421: </a> </span><span class="str2">A battle, war</span><br /><br /><span class="word">commanders</span><br /><span class="heb">קְצִינֵ֞י</span> <span class="translit">(qə·ṣî·nê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7101.htm">Strong's 7101: </a> </span><span class="str2">A magistrate, other leader</span><br /><br /><span class="word">who had accompanied</span><br /><span class="heb">הֶהָלְכ֣וּא</span> <span class="translit">(he·hā·lə·ḵū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1980.htm">Strong's 1980: </a> </span><span class="str2">To go, come, walk</span><br /><br /><span class="word">him,</span><br /><span class="heb">אִתּ֔וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(’it·tōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_854.htm">Strong's 854: </a> </span><span class="str2">Nearness, near, with, by, at, among</span><br /><br /><span class="word">“Come</span><br /><span class="heb">קִרְב֗וּ</span> <span class="translit">(qir·ḇū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7126.htm">Strong's 7126: </a> </span><span class="str2">To come near, approach</span><br /><br /><span class="word">here and put</span><br /><span class="heb">שִׂ֚ימוּ</span> <span class="translit">(·mū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7760.htm">Strong's 7760: </a> </span><span class="str2">Put -- to put, place, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">your feet</span><br /><span class="heb">רַגְלֵיכֶ֔ם</span> <span class="translit">(raḡ·lê·ḵem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - fdc | second person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7272.htm">Strong's 7272: </a> </span><span class="str2">A foot, a step, the pudenda</span><br /><br /><span class="word">on</span><br /><span class="heb">עַֽל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the necks</span><br /><span class="heb">צַוְּארֵ֖י</span> <span class="translit">(ṣaw·wə·rê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6677.htm">Strong's 6677: </a> </span><span class="str2">The back of the neck</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of these</span><br /><span class="heb">הָאֵ֑לֶּה</span> <span class="translit">(hā·’êl·leh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Pronoun - common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> </span><span class="str2">These, those</span><br /><br /><span class="word">kings.?</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמְּלָכִ֣ים</span> <span class="translit">(ham·mə·lā·ḵîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">So the commanders came forward</span><br /><span class="heb">וַֽיִּקְרְב֔וּ</span> <span class="translit">(way·yiq·rə·ḇū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7126.htm">Strong's 7126: </a> </span><span class="str2">To come near, approach</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and put</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ</span> <span class="translit">(way·yā·śî·mū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7760.htm">Strong's 7760: </a> </span><span class="str2">Put -- to put, place, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">their feet</span><br /><span class="heb">רַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם</span> <span class="translit">(raḡ·lê·hem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - fdc | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7272.htm">Strong's 7272: </a> </span><span class="str2">A foot, a step, the pudenda</span><br /><br /><span class="word">on</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">their necks.</span><br /><span class="heb">צַוְּארֵיהֶֽם׃</span> <span class="translit">(ṣaw·wə·rê·hem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6677.htm">Strong's 6677: </a> </span><span class="str2">The back of the neck</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/joshua/10-24.htm">Joshua 10:24 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/joshua/10-24.htm">OT History: Joshua 10:24 It happened when they brought those kings (Josh. Jos)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/joshua/10-23.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Joshua 10:23"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Joshua 10:23" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/joshua/10-25.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Joshua 10:25"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Joshua 10:25" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>