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width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Telecommunications_in_Bulgaria" title="Special:EditPage/Telecommunications in Bulgaria">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Telecommunications+in+Bulgaria%22">"Telecommunications in Bulgaria"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Telecommunications+in+Bulgaria%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Telecommunications+in+Bulgaria%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Telecommunications+in+Bulgaria%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Telecommunications+in+Bulgaria%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Telecommunications+in+Bulgaria%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vakareltower.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Vakareltower.JPG/275px-Vakareltower.JPG" decoding="async" width="275" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Vakareltower.JPG/413px-Vakareltower.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Vakareltower.JPG/550px-Vakareltower.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Blaw-Knox tower and two mast antennae, <a href="/wiki/Vakarel_radio_transmitter" title="Vakarel radio transmitter">Vakarel radio transmitter</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Telecommunications in Bulgaria</b> include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Radio_and_television">Radio and television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Radio and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Radio broadcast stations: <a href="/wiki/Amplitude_modulation" title="Amplitude modulation">AM</a> 31, <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM</a> 63, shortwave 2 (2001).</li> <li>Radio broadcast hours: 525,511 (2003).</li> <li>Television broadcast stations: 39 (2001).</li> <li>Television broadcast hours: 498,091 (2003).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Telephones">Telephones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Telephones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Main lines in use: 1.6 million (2015 est).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">Mobile cellular</a>: 8.98 million lines (2016).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Telephone system: <ul><li><i>General assessment:</i> an extensive but antiquated telecommunications network inherited from the Soviet era; quality has improved; the Bulgaria Telecommunications Company's fixed-line monopoly terminated in 2005 when alternative fixed-line operators were given access to its network; a drop in fixed-line connections in recent years has been more than offset by a sharp increase in mobile-cellular telephone use fostered by multiple service providers; the number of cellular telephone subscriptions now exceeds the population</li> <li><i>Domestic:</i> a fairly modern digital cable trunk line now connects switching centers in most of the regions; the others are connected by digital microwave radio relay</li> <li><i>International:</i> country code – 359; submarine cable provides connectivity to <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>; a combination submarine cable and land fiber-optic system provides connectivity to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>; satellite earth stations – 3 (1 <a href="/wiki/Intersputnik" title="Intersputnik">Intersputnik</a> in the Atlantic Ocean region, 2 <a href="/wiki/Intelsat" title="Intelsat">Intelsat</a> in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions) (2007).</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet">Internet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Bulgaria" title="Internet in Bulgaria">Internet in Bulgaria</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Top-level_domain" title="Top-level domain">Top-level domains</a>: <a href="/wiki/.bg" title=".bg">.bg</a><sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/.%D0%B1%D0%B3" title=".бг">.бг</a> <small>(proposed, Cyrillic)</small>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_Internet_users" title="List of countries by number of Internet users">Internet users</a>: <ul><li>4.1 million users (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>3.9 million users, 72nd in the world; 55.1% of the population, 74th in the world (2012);<sup id="cite_ref-NIUCalc_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIUCalc-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>3.4 million users, 63rd in the world (2009);<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1.9 million users (2007).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_broadband_Internet_subscriptions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions">Fixed broadband</a>: 1.2 million subscriptions, 52nd in the world; 17.6% of population, 53rd in the world (2012).<sup id="cite_ref-NIUCalc_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIUCalc-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FixedBroadbandITUDynamic2012_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FixedBroadbandITUDynamic2012-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_broadband_Internet_subscriptions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions">Wireless broadband</a>: 2.8 million, 55th in the world; 40.3% of the population, 41st in the world (2012).<sup id="cite_ref-MobleBroadbandITUDynamic2012_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MobleBroadbandITUDynamic2012-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_Internet_hosts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by number of Internet hosts">Internet hosts</a>: <ul><li>976,277 hosts, 47th in the world (2012);<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>513,470 (2008).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_IPv4_address_allocation" title="List of countries by IPv4 address allocation">IPv4</a>: 4.2 million addresses allocated, 0.1% of the world total, 589.7 addresses per 1000 people, 51st in the world (2012).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Society_%E2%80%93_Bulgaria" title="Internet Society – Bulgaria">Internet Society – Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_internet_service_providers_in_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of internet service providers in Bulgaria (page does not exist)">List of internet service providers in Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Bulgaria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i>The World Factbook</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelecommunications+in+Bulgaria" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://world.bymap.org/TelephoneLines.html">"Telephone Lines / Countries of the World"</a>. <i>world.bymap.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=world.bymap.org&rft.atitle=Telephone+Lines+%2F+Countries+of+the+World&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworld.bymap.org%2FTelephoneLines.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelecommunications+in+Bulgaria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/639912/number-of-mobile-cellular-subscriptions-in-bulgaria/">"Mobile cellular subscriptions in Bulgaria 2000-2016 | Statistic"</a>. <i>Statista</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=Mobile+cellular+subscriptions+in+Bulgaria+2000-2016+%7C+Statistic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Fstatistics%2F639912%2Fnumber-of-mobile-cellular-subscriptions-in-bulgaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelecommunications+in+Bulgaria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAWFB-Bulgaria-2014_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bulgaria/">"Communications: Bulgaria"</a>, <i>World Factbook</i>, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 28 January 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users/bulgaria/">"Bulgaria Internet Users"</a>. <i>www.internetlivestats.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.internetlivestats.com&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+Internet+Users&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internetlivestats.com%2Finternet-users%2Fbulgaria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATelecommunications+in+Bulgaria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIUCalc-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NIUCalc_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIUCalc_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Calculated using penetration rate and population data from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/rank.php">"Countries and Areas Ranked by Population: 2012"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170329060848/https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/rank.php">Archived</a> 2017-03-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Population data, International Programs, U.S. Census Bureau, retrieved 26 June 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/statistics/2013/Individuals_Internet_2000-2012.xls">"Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012"</a>, International Telecommunication Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FixedBroadbandITUDynamic2012-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FixedBroadbandITUDynamic2012_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx">"Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012"</a>, Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a>. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MobleBroadbandITUDynamic2012-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MobleBroadbandITUDynamic2012_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx">"Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012"</a>, Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a>. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countryipblocks.net/country-blocks/select-formats/">Select Formats</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090513033601/http://www.countryipblocks.net/country-blocks/select-formats/">Archived</a> 2009-05-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Country IP Blocks. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Site is said to be updated daily.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003851/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2119.html">Population</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Data are mostly for 1 July 2012.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Telecommunications_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Template:Telecommunications in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Telecommunications in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Telecommunications_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Europe">Telecommunications in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Albania" title="Telecommunications in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Andorra" title="Telecommunications in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Armenia" title="Telecommunications in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Austria" title="Telecommunications in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Azerbaijan" title="Telecommunications in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Belarus" title="Telecommunications in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Belgium" title="Telecommunications in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Telecommunications in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Croatia" title="Telecommunications in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Cyprus" title="Telecommunications in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Telecommunications in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Denmark" title="Telecommunications in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Estonia" title="Telecommunications in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Finland" title="Telecommunications in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_France" title="Telecommunications in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Telecommunications in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Germany" title="Telecommunications in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Greece" title="Telecommunications in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Hungary" title="Telecommunications in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Iceland" title="Telecommunications in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Kazakhstan" title="Telecommunications in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Latvia" title="Telecommunications in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Liechtenstein" title="Telecommunications in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Lithuania" title="Telecommunications in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Luxembourg" title="Telecommunications in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Malta" title="Telecommunications in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Moldova" title="Telecommunications in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Montenegro" title="Telecommunications in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Netherlands" title="Telecommunications in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_North_Macedonia" title="Telecommunications in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Norway" title="Telecommunications in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Poland" title="Telecommunications in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Portugal" title="Telecommunications in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Russia" title="Telecommunications in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_San_Marino" title="Telecommunications in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Serbia" title="Telecommunications in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Slovakia" title="Telecommunications in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Slovenia" title="Telecommunications in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Spain" title="Telecommunications in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Sweden" title="Telecommunications in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Switzerland" title="Telecommunications in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Turkey" title="Telecommunications in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ukraine" title="Telecommunications in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telecommunications in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Transnistria" title="Telecommunications in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Telecommunications in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Guernsey" title="Telecommunications in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Jersey" title="Telecommunications in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_European_Union" title="Telecommunications in the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Media_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Media_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Media of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Estonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_the_Faroe_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_the_Isle_of_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bulgaria_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bulgaria_topics" title="Template:Bulgaria topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bulgaria_topics" title="Template talk:Bulgaria topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgaria_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bulgaria topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bulgaria_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria" title="History of Bulgaria">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odrysian_kingdom" title="Odrysian kingdom">Odrysian kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Great_Bulgaria" title="Old Great Bulgaria">Old Great Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">First Bulgarian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bulgarian_Empire" title="Second Bulgarian Empire">Second Bulgarian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Bulgaria" title="Ottoman Bulgaria">Ottoman period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Bulgaria" title="Principality of Bulgaria">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Tsardom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_I" title="Bulgaria during World War I">War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria_since_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Bulgaria since 1990">Bulgaria since 1990</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bulgaria" title="Geography of Bulgaria">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Balkan Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Black_Sea_Coast" title="Bulgarian Black Sea Coast">Black Sea coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Bulgaria" title="List of cities and towns in Bulgaria">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Bulgaria" title="List of earthquakes in Bulgaria">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Bulgaria" title="List of islands of Bulgaria">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Bulgaria" title="Provinces of Bulgaria">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirin" title="Pirin">Pirin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rila" title="Rila">Rila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bulgaria" title="List of rivers of Bulgaria">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodope_Mountains" title="Rhodope Mountains">Rhodope Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sredna_Gora" title="Sredna Gora">Sredna Gora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Bulgaria" title="List of villages in Bulgaria">Villages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bulgaria" title="Politics of Bulgaria">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bulgaria" title="Constitution of Bulgaria">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bulgaria" title="Elections in Bulgaria">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bulgaria" title="Foreign relations of Bulgaria">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bulgaria" title="Government of Bulgaria">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bulgaria" title="Human rights in Bulgaria">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Bulgaria">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Bulgaria" title="Law of Bulgaria">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Bulgaria" title="Law enforcement in Bulgaria">enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Armed_Forces" title="Bulgarian Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Defence_(Bulgaria)" title="Chief of the Defence (Bulgaria)">Chief of the Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bulgaria)" title="National Assembly (Bulgaria)">National Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Bulgaria" title="Chairperson of the National Assembly of Bulgaria">Chairperson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bulgaria" title="List of political parties in Bulgaria">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bulgaria" title="Agriculture in Bulgaria">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_about_the_economy_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistics about the economy of Bulgaria">Economic statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Bulgaria" title="Energy in Bulgaria">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_of_Bulgaria" title="Industry of Bulgaria">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Lev <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Bank" title="Bulgarian National Bank">National bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Bulgaria" title="Science and technology in Bulgaria">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Stock_Exchange_%E2%80%93_Sofia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian Stock Exchange – Sofia">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Bulgaria" title="Tourism in Bulgaria">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Bulgaria" title="Transport in Bulgaria">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Bulgaria" title="Category:Society of Bulgaria">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Bulgaria" title="Crime in Bulgaria">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Bulgaria" title="Education in Bulgaria">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Bulgaria" title="Health in Bulgaria">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Bulgaria" title="Languages of Bulgaria">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bulgaria" title="Demographics of Bulgaria">Demographics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Bulgaria" title="Culture of Bulgaria">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Bulgaria" title="Mass media in Bulgaria">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Bulgaria" title="Cinema of Bulgaria">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_wine" title="Bulgarian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_customs" title="Bulgarian customs">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_dances" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian dances">Dances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_literature" title="Bulgarian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bulgaria" title="Music of Bulgaria">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bulgaria" title="Public holidays in Bulgaria">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Bulgaria" title="Sport in Bulgaria">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bulgaria" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Bulgaria">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Bulgaria" title="Outline of Bulgaria">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bulgaria" title="Category:Bulgaria">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bulgaria" 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