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Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Isoetales" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Isoetales</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 18 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="إسويطيات – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسويطيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0zoet%C3%A7i%C3%A7%C9%99klil%C9%99r" title="İzoetçiçəklilər – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İzoetçiçəklilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoetals" title="Isoetals – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Isoetals" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasenf%C3%B8de-ordenen" title="Brasenføde-ordenen – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brasenføde-ordenen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachsenkrautartige" title="Brachsenkrautartige – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brachsenkrautartige" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoetales" title="Isoetales – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Isoetales" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izoetaloj" title="Izoetaloj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Izoetaloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahnarohulaadsed" title="Lahnarohulaadsed – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lahnarohulaadsed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%81%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شهپرعلف‌سانان – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شهپرعلف‌سانان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoetales" title="Isoetales – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Isoetales" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoetales" title="Isoetales – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Isoetales" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iso%C3%ABtales" title="Isoëtales – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Isoëtales" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porybliny" title="Porybliny – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Porybliny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a 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wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7170041" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#cbe8c1; color:inherit; font-weight:bold;"><big><i>Isoetales</i></big> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg/266px-Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="447" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg/399px-Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg/532px-Illustration_Isoetes_lacustris0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1385" data-file-height="2325" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0; font-size:85%"><a href="/wiki/Grote_biesvaren" title="Grote biesvaren">Grote biesvaren</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color: #cbe8c1; color:inherit; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomie_(biologie)" title="Taxonomie (biologie)">Taxonomische indeling</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <table style="margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Rijk_(biologie)" title="Rijk (biologie)">Rijk</a>:</td><td><i><a href="/wiki/Planten" title="Planten">Plantae</a></i> (Planten)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Stam_(biologie)" title="Stam (biologie)">Stam</a>:</td><td><i><a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">Embryophyta</a></i> (Landplanten)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Klasse_(biologie)" title="Klasse (biologie)">Klasse</a>:</td><td><i><a href="/wiki/Lycopsida" title="Lycopsida">Lycopsida</a></i></td></tr> <tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color: #cbe8c1; color:inherit; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Orde_(biologie)" title="Orde (biologie)">orde</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center"><b>Isoetales</b><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color: #cbe8c1; color:inherit; font-weight:bold;" colspan="2"> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="2"><small><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Isoetales" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Isoetales">Afbeeldingen</a> op</small> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <small><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="2"><small><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Isoetales" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Isoetales"><i>Isoetales</i></a> op</small> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikispecies"><img alt="Wikispecies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/15px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/23px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/30px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span> <small><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color: #cbe8c1; color:inherit;" colspan="2"> <table style="margin:0 auto;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Biologie" title="Portaal:Biologie">Biologie</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>De <b>Isoetales</b> zijn een <a href="/wiki/Monotypisch_taxon" title="Monotypisch taxon">monotypische</a> <a href="/wiki/Orde_(biologie)" title="Orde (biologie)">orde</a> van <a href="/wiki/Vaatplanten" title="Vaatplanten">vaatplanten</a>, met een <a href="/wiki/Familie_(biologie)" title="Familie (biologie)">familie</a> Isoetaceae en een <a href="/wiki/Geslacht_(biologie)" title="Geslacht (biologie)">geslacht</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Isoetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Isoetes">Isoetes</a></i>. </p><p>De Isoetales worden gerekend tot de <a href="/wiki/Klasse_(biologie)" title="Klasse (biologie)">klasse</a> <a href="/wiki/Lycopsida" title="Lycopsida">Lycopsida</a> (lycofyten, soms Lycopodiopsida genoemd) en vormen daarbinnen een <a href="/wiki/Zustergroep" title="Zustergroep">zustergroep</a> van de orde <a href="/wiki/Selaginellales" title="Selaginellales">Selaginellales</a>. </p> <table class="vatop" style="text-align:left;font-size:90%;line-height:130%;border:dotted thin dimgray;border-radius:8px;" cellspacing="0"> <caption><div style="line-height:135%;background-color:dimgray;border:double medium transparent;border-radius:8px;color:white;padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em;padding-bottom:0.1em;">PPG I (2016) Fylogenetische stamboom van recente Tracheophyta</div> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56498116">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{margin:0;padding:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:20px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li.lastline{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul{margin-left:-1px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <li class="lastline"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline"> <a href="/wiki/Vaatplanten" title="Vaatplanten">Tracheophyta</a> (vaatplanten) <ul><li><div style="line-height:135%;background-color:lightcyan;border:solid medium teal;border-radius:8px;color:black;padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em;padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <a href="/wiki/Lycopsida" title="Lycopsida">Lycopodiopsida</a> (<i>lycophytes</i>, lycofyten) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lycopodiales" title="Lycopodiales">Lycopodiales</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fam 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline emptyline"> <ul><li><b>Isoetales</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fam 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline"> <a href="/wiki/Selaginellales" title="Selaginellales">Selaginellales</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>fam 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline"> <a href="/wiki/Euphyllophyta" title="Euphyllophyta">Euphyllophyta</a> (<i>euphyllophytes</i>) <ul><li><div style="line-height:135%;background-color:lightcyan;border:solid medium teal;border-radius:8px;color:black;padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em;padding-bottom:0.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Polypodiopsida" title="Polypodiopsida">Polypodiopsida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pteropsida" title="Pteropsida">Pteridophyta, pteridofyten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monilophyta" title="Monilophyta">Monilophyta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varens" title="Varens">varens</a>) <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline"> …</li></ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline"> <div style="line-height:135%;background-color:cornsilk;border:solid medium lime;border-radius:8px;color:black;padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em;padding-bottom:0.1em;"> <a href="/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten">Spermatophyta</a> (zaadplanten) <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="lastline"> …</li></ul></div></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </li></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;-moz-column-width:30em; -webkit-column-width:30em; column-width:30em; list-style-type: decimal;"></div> <hr /> <p><b>Families per orde</b> </p> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lycopodiales, <a href="/wiki/Monofyletische_groep" title="Monofyletische groep">1 familie</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wolfsklauwfamilie" title="Wolfsklauwfamilie">Lycopodiaceae</a> (wolfsklauwfamilie)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Isoetales, 1 familie: <a href="/wiki/Isoetaceae" title="Isoetaceae">Isoetaceae</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Selaginellales, 1 familie: <a href="/wiki/Selaginellaceae" title="Selaginellaceae">Selaginellaceae</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <hr /> <p><b>Literatuur</b> </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> PPG. (2016) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jse.12229"><i>PPG I, A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns.</i></a> J. Syst. Evol. 54 (6): 563-603, 2016</li> <li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Weststrand, S., P. Korall</span> 2016 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.3732/ajb.1600288"><i>A subgeneric classification of </i>Selaginella<i> (Selaginellaceae)</i></a></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Fylogenetische_classificatie_van_de_recente_families_van_wolfsklauwen_en_varens_volgens_PPG_I-systeem_(2016)" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_Lycopodiopsida_en_Polypodiopsida" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie Lycopodiopsida en Polypodiopsida"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_Lycopodiopsida_en_Polypodiopsida&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Fylogenetische_classificatie_van_de_recente_families_van_wolfsklauwen_en_varens_volgens_PPG_I-systeem_(2016)" class="navigatie-titel">Fylogenetische classificatie van de recente families van wolfsklauwen en varens volgens <a href="/wiki/PPG_I-systeem" title="PPG I-systeem">PPG I-systeem</a> (2016)</div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);border:double medium navy;"><b>Klasse <a href="/wiki/Lycopsida" title="Lycopsida"><i>Lycopodiopsida</i></a></b> (wolfsklauwen, met ordes en families)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:13em;"><b>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Lycopodiales" title="Lycopodiales">Lycopodiales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Wolfsklauwfamilie" title="Wolfsklauwfamilie">Lycopodiaceae</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Orde <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isoetales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Isoetaceae" title="Isoetaceae">Isoetaceae</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Selaginellales" title="Selaginellales">Selaginellales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Selaginellaceae" title="Selaginellaceae">Selaginellaceae</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8); border:double medium navy;"><b>Klasse <i><a href="/wiki/Polypodiopsida" title="Polypodiopsida">Polypodiopsida</a></i></b> (varens, met ordes en families)</div> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b>Onderklasse <i><a href="/wiki/Equisetidae" title="Equisetidae">Equisetidae</a></i></b></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:13em;"><b>Orde <i><a href="/wiki/Equisetales" title="Equisetales">Equisetales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Paardenstaartenfamilie" title="Paardenstaartenfamilie">Equisetaceae</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b>Onderklasse <i><a href="/wiki/Ophioglossidae" title="Ophioglossidae">Ophioglossidae</a></i></b></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:13em;">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Psilotales" title="Psilotales">Psilotales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/wiki/Psilotaceae" title="Psilotaceae">Psilotaceae</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Ophioglossales" title="Ophioglossales">Ophioglossales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Addertongfamilie" title="Addertongfamilie"><i>Ophioglossaceae</i></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b>Onderklasse <i><a href="/wiki/Marattiidae" title="Marattiidae">Marattiidae</a></i></b></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:13em;">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Marattiales" title="Marattiales">Marattiales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/wiki/Marattiaceae" title="Marattiaceae">Marattiaceae</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b>Onderklasse <i><a href="/wiki/Polypodiidae" title="Polypodiidae">Polypodiidae</a></i></b> (leptosporangiate varens)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:13em;">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Osmundales" title="Osmundales">Osmundales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Koningsvarenfamilie" title="Koningsvarenfamilie"><i>Osmundaceae</i></a> (koningsvarenfamilie)</td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Hymenophyllales" title="Hymenophyllales">Hymenophyllales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Vliesvarenfamilie" title="Vliesvarenfamilie"><i>Hymenophyllaceae</i></a> (vliesvarenfamilie)</td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Gleicheniales" title="Gleicheniales">Gleicheniales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/wiki/Matoniaceae" title="Matoniaceae">Matoniaceae</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dipteridaceae" title="Dipteridaceae">Dipteridaceae</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gleicheniaceae" title="Gleicheniaceae">Gleicheniaceae</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Schizaeales" title="Schizaeales">Schizaeales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ligodiaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ligodiaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ligodiaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schizaeaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schizaeaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Schizaeaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anemiaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anemiaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Anemiaceae</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Salviniales" title="Salviniales">Salviniales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Vlotvarenfamilie" title="Vlotvarenfamilie"><i>Salviniaceae</i></a> (vlotvarenfamilie) · <a href="/wiki/Pilvarenfamilie" title="Pilvarenfamilie"><i>Marsileaceae</i></a> (pilvarenfamilie)</td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><a href="/wiki/Boomvarens" title="Boomvarens"><i>Cyatheales</i></a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thyrsopteridaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thyrsopteridaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Thyrsopteridaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loxsomataceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loxsomataceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Loxsomataceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Culcitaceae" title="Culcitaceae">Culcitaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plagiogyriaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plagiogyriaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Plagiogyriaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Cibotiaceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cibotiaceae">Cibotiaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaxyaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaxyaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Metaxyaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Dicksoniaceae" title="Dicksoniaceae">Dicksoniaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Cyatheaceae" title="Cyatheaceae">Cyatheaceae</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links">Orde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Polypodiales" title="Polypodiales">Polypodiales</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts">Onderordes: <i><a href="/wiki/Saccolomatineae" title="Saccolomatineae">Saccolomatineae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Lindsaeineae" title="Lindsaeineae">Lindsaeineae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Pteridineae" title="Pteridineae">Pteridineae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Dennstaedtiineae" title="Dennstaedtiineae">Dennstaedtiineae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Polypodiineae" title="Polypodiineae">Polypodiineae</a></i> (eupolypods I) · <i><a href="/wiki/Aspleniineae" title="Aspleniineae">Aspleniineae</a></i> (eupolypods II)</td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="border:dotted thin limegreen; background:honeydew; border-radius:8px;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:17em;">Onderorde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Saccolomatineae" title="Saccolomatineae">Saccolomatineae</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saccolomataceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saccolomataceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Saccolomataceae</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links">Onderorde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Lindsaeineae" title="Lindsaeineae">Lindsaeineae</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cystodiaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cystodiaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Cystodiaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonchitidaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonchitidaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Lonchitidaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lindsaeaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lindsaeaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Lindsaeaceae</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links">Onderorde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Pteridineae" title="Pteridineae">Pteridineae</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Lintvarenfamilie" title="Lintvarenfamilie"><i>Pteridaceae</i></a> (lintvarenfamilie)</td></tr><tr><td class="links">Onderorde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Dennstaedtiineae" title="Dennstaedtiineae">Dennstaedtiineae</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Adelaarsvarenfamilie" title="Adelaarsvarenfamilie"><i>Dennstaedtiaceae</i></a> (adelaarsvarenfamilie)</td></tr><tr><td class="links">Onderorde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Polypodiineae" title="Polypodiineae">Polypodiineae</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Didymochlaenaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Didymochlaenaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Didymochlaenaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypodematiaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypodematiaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Hypodematiaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Niervarenfamilie" title="Niervarenfamilie">Dryopteridaceae</a></i> (niervarenfamilie) · <i><a href="/wiki/Nephrolepidaceae" title="Nephrolepidaceae">Nephrolepidaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Lomariopsidaceae" title="Lomariopsidaceae">Lomariopsidaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tectariaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tectariaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Tectariaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oleandraceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oleandraceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Oleandraceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Davalliaceae" title="Davalliaceae">Davalliaceae</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/Eikvarenfamilie" title="Eikvarenfamilie"><i>Polypodiaceae</i></a> (eikvarenfamilie)</td></tr><tr><td class="links">Onderorde <b><i><a href="/wiki/Aspleniineae" title="Aspleniineae">Aspleniineae</a></i>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/wiki/Cystopteridaceae" title="Cystopteridaceae">Cystopteridaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachidosoraceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rachidosoraceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Rachidosoraceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Diplaziopsidaceae" title="Diplaziopsidaceae">Diplaziopsidaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desmophlebiaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desmophlebiaceae (de pagina bestaat niet)">Desmophlebiaceae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Hemidictyaceae" title="Hemidictyaceae">Hemidictyaceae</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/Streepvarenfamilie" title="Streepvarenfamilie"><i>Aspleniaceae</i></a> (streepvarenfamilie) · <i><a href="/wiki/Woodsiaceae" title="Woodsiaceae">Woodsiaceae</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/Bolletjesvarenfamilie" title="Bolletjesvarenfamilie"><i>Onocleaceae</i></a> (bolletjesvarenfamilie) · <a href="/wiki/Dubbellooffamilie" title="Dubbellooffamilie"><i>Blechnaceae</i></a> (dubbellooffamilie) · <a href="/wiki/Wijfjesvarenfamilie" title="Wijfjesvarenfamilie"><i>Athyriaceae</i></a> (wijfjesvarenfamilie) · <a href="/wiki/Moerasvarenfamilie" title="Moerasvarenfamilie"><i>Thelypteridaceae</i></a> (moerasvarenfamilie)</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <hr /> <div style="background: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8); border:double medium navy;"><b>Klasse <a href="/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten"><i>Spermatophyta</i></a></b> (zaadplanten)</div> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67837862"> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Beschrijvende_pteridologie:_terminologie_voor_varens_en_varenachtigen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_fytografie_varens" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie fytografie varens"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_fytografie_varens&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Beschrijvende_pteridologie:_terminologie_voor_varens_en_varenachtigen" class="navigatie-titel">Beschrijvende pteridologie: terminologie voor <a href="/wiki/Polypodiopsida" title="Polypodiopsida">varens</a> en <a href="/wiki/Lycopsida" title="Lycopsida">varenachtigen</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Levenscyclus" title="Levenscyclus">Levenscyclus</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Heterosporie" title="Heterosporie">anisosporie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diplo%C3%AFdie" title="Diploïdie">diploïdie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Generatiewisseling" title="Generatiewisseling">generatiewisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Haplo%C3%AFdie" title="Haploïdie">haploïdie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heterosporie" title="Heterosporie">heterosporie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isosporie" title="Isosporie">isosporie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kernfasewisseling" title="Kernfasewisseling">kernfasewisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levenscyclus_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levenscyclus (hoofdbetekenis)">levenscyclus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zygote" title="Zygote">zygote</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Gametofyt" title="Gametofyt">Gametofytfase</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Antheridium" title="Antheridium">antheridium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadcel" title="Zaadcel">antherozoïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Archegonium" title="Archegonium">archegonium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eicel" title="Eicel">eicel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gameet" title="Gameet">gameet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gametangium" title="Gametangium">gametangium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gametofyt" title="Gametofyt">gametofyt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Voorkiem" title="Voorkiem">prothallium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadcel" title="Zaadcel">spermatozoïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Voorkiem" title="Voorkiem">voorkiem</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Sporofyt" title="Sporofyt">Sporofytfase</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Indusium" title="Indusium">dekvliesje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heterosporie" title="Heterosporie">heterosporangiaat · heterosporie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indusium" title="Indusium">indusium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isosporie" title="Isosporie">homosporie · isosporangiaat · isosporie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Polypodiopsida" title="Polypodiopsida">leptosporangiaat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Macrofyl" title="Macrofyl">macrofyl</a> · <a href="/wiki/Macrospore" title="Macrospore">macrospore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporofyl" title="Sporofyl">macrosporofyl</a> · <a href="/wiki/Microfyl" title="Microfyl">microfyl</a> · <a href="/wiki/Microspore" title="Microspore">microspore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporofyl" title="Sporofyl">microsporofyl</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plo%C3%AFdie" title="Ploïdie">polyploïdie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sorus_(varens)" title="Sorus (varens)">sorus · sporangiënhoopje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporangiofoor" title="Sporangiofoor">sporangiofoor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporangium" title="Sporangium">sporangium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spore" title="Spore">spore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporangium" title="Sporangium">sporendoosje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporocarp" title="Sporocarp">sporocarp · sorocarp</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporofyt" title="Sporofyt">sporofyt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Strobilus" title="Strobilus">strobilus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporofyl" title="Sporofyl">trofofyl</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wortelstok" title="Wortelstok">wortelstok</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><span class="nowrap">Vegetatieve groei</span>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Spil_(plant)" title="Spil (plant)">bladspil</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cuticula_(planten)" title="Cuticula (planten)">cuticula</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dichotome_vertakking" title="Dichotome vertakking">dichotome vertakking</a> · <a href="/wiki/Epidermis" title="Epidermis">epidermis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Huidmondje" title="Huidmondje">huidmondje</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ligula_(varens)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ligula (varens) (de pagina bestaat niet)">ligula</a> · <a href="/wiki/Teloomtheorie" title="Teloomtheorie">overtopping</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens#Bladschijf" title="Varens">pinnae</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spil_(plant)" title="Spil (plant)">rachis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rizo%C3%AFde" title="Rizoïde">rizoïde</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Algemeen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Actinostele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Actinostele (de pagina bestaat niet)">actinostele</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictyostele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dictyostele (de pagina bestaat niet)">dictyostele</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plectostele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plectostele (de pagina bestaat niet)">plectostele</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sifonostele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sifonostele (de pagina bestaat niet)">sifonostele</a> · <a href="/wiki/Centrale_cilinder" title="Centrale cilinder">stele</a> · <a href="/wiki/Teloomtheorie" title="Teloomtheorie">teloom · teloomtheorie</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67837862"> <div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Plantkunde_en_deelgebieden" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_plantkunde" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie plantkunde"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_plantkunde" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_plantkunde&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Plantkunde_en_deelgebieden" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Plantkunde" title="Plantkunde">Plantkunde</a> en deelgebieden</div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <div style="background-color: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b><a href="/wiki/Geobotanie" title="Geobotanie">Geobotanie</a></b> (planten als onderdeel van de biosfeer)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:19em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie">Plantengeografie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Adventief_(plant)" title="Adventief (plant)">adventief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verspreidingsgebied" title="Verspreidingsgebied">areaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beschermingsstatus" title="Beschermingsstatus">beschermingsstatus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bioom" title="Bioom">bioom</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endemie_(biogeografie)" title="Endemie (biogeografie)">endemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Exoot" title="Exoot">exoot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flora_(plantkunde)" title="Flora (plantkunde)">flora</a> · <a href="/wiki/Floradistrict" title="Floradistrict">floradistrict</a> · <a href="/wiki/Floristiek" title="Floristiek">floristiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatiezonering_in_gebergten" title="Vegetatiezonering in gebergten">hoogtezonering</a> · <a href="/wiki/Invasieve_soort" title="Invasieve soort">invasieve soort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantengeografie" title="Plantengeografie">Plantengeografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Status_(biogeografie)" title="Status (biogeografie)">status</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stinsenplant" title="Stinsenplant">stinsenplant</a> · <a href="/wiki/Uitsterven" title="Uitsterven">uitsterven</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verspreidingsgebied" title="Verspreidingsgebied">verspreidingsgebied</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Paleobotanie" title="Paleobotanie">Paleobotanie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Archeobotanie" title="Archeobotanie">archeobotanie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dendrochronologie" title="Dendrochronologie">dendrochronologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fossiele_planten" title="Fossiele planten">fossiele planten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gyttja" title="Gyttja">gyttja</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palynologie" title="Palynologie">palynologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pollenzone" title="Pollenzone">pollenzone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens_(fossiel)" title="Varens (fossiel)">varens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veen_(grondsoort)" title="Veen (grondsoort)">veen</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Vegetatiekunde" title="Vegetatiekunde">Vegetatiekunde</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ecologie" title="Ecologie">plantenoecologie</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Abundantie_(ecologie)" title="Abundantie (ecologie)">abundantie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Associatie_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Associatie (vegetatiekunde)">associatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bedekking_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Bedekking (vegetatiekunde)">bedekking</a> · <a href="/wiki/Biodiversiteit" title="Biodiversiteit">biodiversiteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Biotoop" title="Biotoop">biotoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Boomlaag" title="Boomlaag">boomlaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bos_(vegetatie)" title="Bos (vegetatie)">bos</a> · <a href="/wiki/Braun-Blanquet-methode" title="Braun-Blanquet-methode">Braun-Blanquet-methode</a> · <a href="/wiki/Broekbos" title="Broekbos">broekbos</a> · <a href="/wiki/Climaxvegetatie" title="Climaxvegetatie">climaxvegetatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Clusteranalyse" title="Clusteranalyse">clusteranalyse</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeenschapsgradi%C3%ABnt" title="Gemeenschapsgradiënt">coenocline</a> · <a href="/wiki/Concurrentie_(ecologie)" title="Concurrentie (ecologie)">concurrentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Constant_taxon" title="Constant taxon">constant taxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Contactgemeenschap" title="Contactgemeenschap">contactgemeenschap</a> · <a href="/wiki/Differenti%C3%ABrend_taxon" title="Differentiërend taxon">differentiërend taxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dwergstruweel" title="Dwergstruweel">dwergstruweel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ecologische_gradi%C3%ABnt" title="Ecologische gradiënt">ecologische gradiënt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ecologische_groep" title="Ecologische groep">ecologische groep</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ellenberg-indicatorwaarde" title="Ellenberg-indicatorwaarde">Ellenberg-indicatorwaarde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeenschapsgradi%C3%ABnt" title="Gemeenschapsgradiënt">gemeenschapsgradiënt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Grasland" title="Grasland">grasland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heide_(vegetatie)" title="Heide (vegetatie)">heide</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kentaxon" title="Kentaxon">kentaxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kruidlaag" title="Kruidlaag">kruidlaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kwelder" title="Kwelder">kwelder</a> · <a href="/wiki/Minimumareaal" title="Minimumareaal">minimumareaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Moeras" title="Moeras">moeras</a> · <a href="/wiki/Moslaag" title="Moslaag">moslaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ordinatie" title="Ordinatie">ordinatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pioniersoort" title="Pioniersoort">pioniersoort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantengemeenschap" title="Plantengemeenschap">plantengemeenschap</a> · <a href="/wiki/Potentieel_natuurlijke_vegetatie" title="Potentieel natuurlijke vegetatie">potentieel natuurlijke vegetatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Presentie_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Presentie (vegetatiekunde)">presentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Regenwoud" title="Regenwoud">regenwoud</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatieopname" title="Vegetatieopname">relevé</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ruigte" title="Ruigte">ruigte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Savanne_(landschap)" title="Savanne (landschap)">savanne</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kwelder" title="Kwelder">schor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Steppe" title="Steppe">steppe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Struiklaag" title="Struiklaag">struiklaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Struweel" title="Struweel">struweel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Successie_(ecologie)" title="Successie (ecologie)">successie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syntaxon" title="Syntaxon">syntaxon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syntaxonomie" title="Syntaxonomie">syntaxonomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatieschaal_van_Tansley" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetatieschaal van Tansley">Tansley (methode)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toendra" title="Toendra">toendra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tropisch_regenwoud" title="Tropisch regenwoud">tropisch regenwoud</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trouw_(vegetatiekunde)" title="Trouw (vegetatiekunde)">trouw</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veen_(grondsoort)" title="Veen (grondsoort)">veen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatie" title="Vegetatie">vegetatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatielaag" title="Vegetatielaag">vegetatielaag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatieopname" title="Vegetatieopname">vegetatieopname</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vegetatiestructuur" title="Vegetatiestructuur">vegetatiestructuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantengemeenschap" title="Plantengemeenschap">vegetatietype</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vergrassing" title="Vergrassing">vergrassing</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verlanding" title="Verlanding">verlanding</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background-color: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b><a href="/wiki/Idiobotanie" title="Idiobotanie">Idiobotanie</a></b> (planten onder gecontroleerde omstandigheden)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:19em;"></td><td class="rechts"></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantenmorfologie" title="Plantenmorfologie">Plantenmorfologie</a> & <a href="/wiki/Plantenanatomie" title="Plantenanatomie">-anatomie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Beschrijvende_plantkunde" title="Beschrijvende plantkunde">beschrijvende plantkunde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Adventief_(morfologie)" title="Adventief (morfologie)">adventief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Apoplast" title="Apoplast">apoplast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Blad_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blad (hoofdbetekenis)">blad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">bladgroenkorrel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fyllotaxis" title="Fyllotaxis">bladstand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bloeiwijze" title="Bloeiwijze">bloeiwijze</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bloem_(plant)" title="Bloem (plant)">bloem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroonblad" title="Kroonblad">bloemkroon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroon_(plant)" title="Kroon (plant)">boomkruin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Celwand" title="Celwand">celwand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">chloroplast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Collenchym" title="Collenchym">collenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schors" title="Schors">cortex</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cuticula_(planten)" title="Cuticula (planten)">cuticula</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eicel" title="Eicel">eicel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Epidermis" title="Epidermis">epidermis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurk_(weefsel)" title="Kurk (weefsel)">felleem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkcambium" title="Kurkcambium">fellogeen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkschors" title="Kurkschors">felloderm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fenologie" title="Fenologie">fenologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flo%C3%ABem" title="Floëem">floëem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Beschrijvende_plantkunde" title="Beschrijvende plantkunde">fytografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gameet" title="Gameet">gameet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gametofyt" title="Gametofyt">gametofyt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groeivorm" title="Groeivorm">groeivorm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Haar_(plant)" title="Haar (plant)">haar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Houtvat" title="Houtvat">houtvat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Huidmondje" title="Huidmondje">huidmondje</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hypodermis" title="Hypodermis">hypodermis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intercellulaire_ruimte" title="Intercellulaire ruimte">intercellulair</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intercellulaire_ruimte" title="Intercellulaire ruimte">intercellulaire ruimte</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kelk_(bloem)" title="Kelk (bloem)">kelk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kroonblad" title="Kroonblad">kroonblad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurk_(weefsel)" title="Kurk (weefsel)">kurk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkcambium" title="Kurkcambium">kurkcambium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kurkschors" title="Kurkschors">kurkschors</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levensduur_(plant)" title="Levensduur (plant)">levensduur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levensvorm" title="Levensvorm">levensvorm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Merg_(plant)" title="Merg (plant)">merg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Meristeem" title="Meristeem">meristeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Middenlamel" title="Middenlamel">middenlamel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palissadeparenchym" title="Palissadeparenchym">palissadeparenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Parenchym_(plantkunde)" title="Parenchym (plantkunde)">parenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Periderm_(plant)" title="Periderm (plant)">periderm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantaardige_cel" title="Plantaardige cel">plantaardige cel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plastide" title="Plastide">plastide</a> · <a href="/wiki/Schors" title="Schors">schors</a> · <a href="/wiki/Steencel" title="Steencel">sclereïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sclerenchym" title="Sclerenchym">sclerenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadcel" title="Zaadcel">spermatozoïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sponsparenchym" title="Sponsparenchym">sponsparenchym</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sporofyt" title="Sporofyt">sporofyt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stam_(plant)" title="Stam (plant)">stam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Steencel" title="Steencel">steencel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stengel" title="Stengel">stengel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stippel" title="Stippel">stippel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Symplast" title="Symplast">symplast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tak_(plant)" title="Tak (plant)">tak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thallus" title="Thallus">thallus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Topmeristeem" title="Topmeristeem">topmeristeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Houtvat" title="Houtvat">trachee</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trache%C3%AFde" title="Tracheïde">tracheïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thyllen" title="Thyllen">thyllen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vaatbundel" title="Vaatbundel">vaatbundel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vacuole" title="Vacuole">vacuole</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vrucht_(plant)" title="Vrucht (plant)">vrucht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wortel_(plant)" title="Wortel (plant)">wortel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xyleem" title="Xyleem">xyleem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaad_(plant)" title="Zaad (plant)">zaad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadcel" title="Zaadcel">zaadcel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Flo%C3%ABem" title="Floëem">zeefvat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zygote" title="Zygote">zygote</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantenfysiologie" title="Plantenfysiologie">Plantenfysiologie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Ademhaling_(plant)" title="Ademhaling (plant)">ademhaling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bladzuigkracht" title="Bladzuigkracht">bladzuigkracht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Evapotranspiratie" title="Evapotranspiratie">evapotranspiratie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fotoperiodiciteit" title="Fotoperiodiciteit">fotoperiodiciteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fotosynthese" title="Fotosynthese">fotosynthese</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fototropie" title="Fototropie">fototropie </a> · <a href="/wiki/Fytochemie" title="Fytochemie">fytochemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gaswisseling" title="Gaswisseling">gaswisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Geotropie" title="Geotropie">geotropie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heliotropisme" title="Heliotropisme">heliotropisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nastie" title="Nastie">nastie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantenfysiologie" title="Plantenfysiologie">plantenfysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantenhormoon" title="Plantenhormoon">plantenhormoon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rubisco" title="Rubisco">rubisco</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stikstoffixatie" title="Stikstoffixatie">stikstoffixatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stratificatie_(botanie)" title="Stratificatie (botanie)">stratificatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Transpiratie_(biologie)" title="Transpiratie (biologie)">transpiratie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turgordruk" title="Turgordruk">turgordruk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vernalisatie" title="Vernalisatie">vernalisatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Winterhard" title="Winterhard">winterhard</a> · <a href="/wiki/Worteldruk" title="Worteldruk">worteldruk</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Systematiek_(biologie)" title="Systematiek (biologie)">Plantensystematiek</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomie_(biologie)" title="Taxonomie (biologie)">taxonomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botanische_nomenclatuur" title="Botanische nomenclatuur">botanische nomenclatuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group" title="Angiosperm Phylogeny Group">Angiosperm Phylogeny Group</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG-systeem" title="APG-systeem">APG I-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG_II-systeem" title="APG II-systeem">APG II-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG_III-systeem" title="APG III-systeem">APG III-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/APG_IV-systeem" title="APG IV-systeem">APG IV-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Algen" title="Algen">algen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botanische_naam" title="Botanische naam">botanische naam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cladistiek" title="Cladistiek">cladistiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">Cormophyta</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cryptogamen" title="Cryptogamen">cryptogamen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Classificatie" title="Classificatie">classificatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">embryophyta</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiontentheorie" title="Endosymbiontentheorie">endosymbiontentheorie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiose" title="Endosymbiose">endosymbiose</a> · <a href="/wiki/Evolutie_(biologie)" title="Evolutie (biologie)">evolutie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten">fanerogamen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fylogenie" title="Fylogenie">fylogenie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Generatiewisseling" title="Generatiewisseling">generatiewisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Groenwieren" title="Groenwieren">groenwieren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hauwmossen" title="Hauwmossen">hauwmossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kernfasewisseling" title="Kernfasewisseling">kernfasewisseling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Korstmos" title="Korstmos">korstmossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kranswieren" title="Kranswieren">kranswieren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryophyta" title="Embryophyta">landplanten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levenscyclus_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levenscyclus (hoofdbetekenis)">levenscyclus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Levermossen" title="Levermossen">levermossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mossen" title="Mossen">mossen</a> · <a href="/wiki/PPG_I-systeem" title="PPG I-systeem">PPG I-systeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pteridophyte_Phylogeny_Group" title="Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group">Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group</a> · <a href="/wiki/Roodwieren" title="Roodwieren">roodwieren</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens" title="Varens">varens</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaadplanten" title="Zaadplanten">zaadplanten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zeewier" title="Zeewier">zeewier</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="background-color: var(--navigatie-titelbalkkleur,#ddeef8);"><b>Overig</b></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:19em;"></td><td class="rechts"></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Plantkunde#Bijzondere_plantkunde" title="Plantkunde">Bijzondere plantkunde</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Fycologie" title="Fycologie">algologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bryologie" title="Bryologie">bryologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dendrologie" title="Dendrologie">dendrologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fycologie" title="Fycologie">fycologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lichenologie" title="Lichenologie">lichenologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mycologie" title="Mycologie">mycologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Varens" title="Varens">pteridologie</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67837862"> <div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Biologie" data-expandtext="Uitklappen" data-collapsetext="Inklappen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_biologie" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie biologie"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_biologie" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_biologie&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Biologie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Biologie" title="Biologie">Biologie</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67785531"><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="links" style="width:17em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Biochemie" title="Biochemie">Biochemie</a> & <a href="/wiki/Fysiologie" title="Fysiologie">fysiologie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Bioanorganische_chemie" title="Bioanorganische chemie">Bioanorganische chemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Biofysica" title="Biofysica">Biofysica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Celfysiologie" title="Celfysiologie">Celfysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elektrofysiologie" title="Elektrofysiologie">Elektrofysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Endocrinologie" title="Endocrinologie">Endocrinologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Glycobiologie" title="Glycobiologie">Glycobiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Immunologie" title="Immunologie">Immunologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Immuunhistochemie" title="Immuunhistochemie">Immuunhistochemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Klinische_biologie" title="Klinische biologie">Klinische biologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Moleculaire_biologie" title="Moleculaire biologie">Moleculaire biologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neurobiologie" title="Neurobiologie">Neurobiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neurofysiologie" title="Neurofysiologie">Neurofysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ontwikkelingsfysiologie" title="Ontwikkelingsfysiologie">Ontwikkelingsfysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantenfysiologie" title="Plantenfysiologie">Plantenfysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Radiobiologie" title="Radiobiologie">Radiobiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spierfysiologie" title="Spierfysiologie">Spierfysiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toxicologie" title="Toxicologie">Toxicologie</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Genetica" title="Genetica">Genetica</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Cytogenetica" title="Cytogenetica">Cytogenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Epigenetica" title="Epigenetica">Epigenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Farmacogenetica" title="Farmacogenetica">Farmacogenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gedragsgenetica" title="Gedragsgenetica">Gedragsgenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Genomica" title="Genomica">Genomica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Optogenetica" title="Optogenetica">Optogenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paleogenetica" title="Paleogenetica">Paleogenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Populatiegenetica" title="Populatiegenetica">Populatiegenetica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Synthetische_biologie" title="Synthetische biologie">Synthetische biologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toxicogenomica" title="Toxicogenomica">Toxicogenomica</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Morfologie_(biologie)" title="Morfologie (biologie)">Morfologie</a> & <a href="/wiki/Anatomie" title="Anatomie">anatomie</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Celbiologie" title="Celbiologie">Celbiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Embryologie" title="Embryologie">Embryologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Histologie" title="Histologie">Histologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Morfologie_(biologie)" title="Morfologie (biologie)">Morfologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ontwikkelingsbiologie" title="Ontwikkelingsbiologie">Ontwikkelingsbiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plantenanatomie" title="Plantenanatomie">Plantenanatomie</a> · <a 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href="/wiki/Psychobiologie" title="Psychobiologie">Psychobiologie</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Isoetales#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Isoetales">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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