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<html> <head> <title> Calflora - Species Field Descriptions </title> <link REL="SHORTCUT ICON" HREF="../favicon.ico"> <link rel=stylesheet type="text/css" href="/entry/aheader.css" > <link rel=stylesheet type="text/css" href="/entry/atext.css" > <link rel=stylesheet type="text/css" href="/entry/abox.css" > <link rel=stylesheet type="text/css" href="/entry/basic.css" > <style type="text/css"> .fieldid { font-family: monospace; font-size: 11pt; color: #303030; } .fieldtitle { font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; } </style> </head> <body class=A12 bgcolor="#fdfdfc" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0">  <table border=0 width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 class=fxt bgcolor="#1f6d3e" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #1f6d3e"> <tr> <td valign="top" width=115 align=center height=80 bgcolor="#1f6d3e"> <a class=blueLink href="/"> <img align=middle border=0 width=100 src="/npics/halfsun.gif" alt="Calflora Logo" name="logo"> </a> </td> <td width=50></td> <td valign=middle bgcolor="#206e3f" class=A13 align=left> Species Table Field Descriptions </td> <td width=115></td> </tr> </table> <DIV style="width: 100%; max-width: 1160px;"> <Table class=A12 border=0 width=100%>  <Tr> <Td valign=top width=120></Td>   <Td align=left> <div style="padding: 2px 15px 2px 2px; line-height: 16pt; max-width: 750px;"> The field names below are not necessarily shown in the order that they appear in downloaded data files. Note that the data contained in Calflora is dynamic, and the database tables may also change structure occasionally to adapt to new needs or processes. <script language="JavaScript">  </script> . <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="calrecnum"></a> CALFLORA RECORD NUMBER [calrecnum] Example: 7245 Max size: 5 <dd> This is the unique ID integer for a Calflora record of a particular taxon. Once a calrecnum is assigned to a taxon, it will never be re-assigned to a different taxon. If the scientific name of a plant changes, however, the record for the old name may be classified inactive. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="calname"></a> CALFLORA TAXON NAME [calname] Example: Abronia villosa S. Watson var. aurita (Abrams) Jepson Max size: 255 (logistically longest: 138 for Pentagramma triangularis ssp. semipallida) <dd> Full name of taxon, concatenated from the separate name component fields: "<a href=#genus>genus</a> <a href=#species>species</a> <a href=#author1>author1</a> <a href=#rank>rank</a> <a href=#ssp_var>ssp_var</a> <a href=#author2>author2</a>" Usage and spelling generally follows the Jepson eFlora. Differs from field <a href=#taxon>taxon</a> in that it includes author citation. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="taxon"></a> TAXON [taxon] Example: Abronia maritima Max size: 128 </A> <dd>Name of taxon, without authors. Useful for matching data between data sets. concatenated from the separate name component fields: <dd>= "<a href=#genus>genus</a> <a href=#species>species</a> <a href=#rank>rank</a> <a href=#ssp_var>ssp_var</a>" Note: A taxon record does not always correspond to unique plant species or end-points of diversity. i.e. Calflora contains separate records for Pentagramma triangularis, Pentagramma triangularis ssp.triangularis, and Pentagramma triangularis ssp. semipallida. If one were tracking biodiversity for an area, it would be a mistake to count both a parent taxon record (Pentagramma triangularis) and a child taxon record (Pentagramma triangularis ssp. semipallida) as two separate units of biodiversity. See additional discussion under the field description for <a href=#parent_child>parent_child</a>. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="genus"></a> GENUS [genus] Example: Abronia Max size: 17 </A> <dd>Genus name of taxon. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="species"></A> SPECIES [species] Example: villosa Max size: 21 <dd>Specific epithet of taxon. Note the uses of the word 'species' to refer to specific epithet is incorrect. Species refers to unique combinations of genus plus specific epithet. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="author1"></A> AUTHOR 1 [author1] Example: S. Watson Max size: 46 <dd>Species author of taxon, including parenthetical authorship. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="rank"></a> RANK [rank] Example: var. Max size: 4 <dd>Infraspecific rank of taxon - "var." or "ssp." </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="ssp_var"></a> SSP_VAR [ssp_var] Example: aurita Max size: 19 <dd>Infraspecific epithet for taxon. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="author2"></a> AUTHOR 2 [author2] Example: (Abrams) Jepson Max size: 49 <dd>Infraspecific author of taxon, including parenthetical authorship. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="family"></a> FAMILY [family] Example: ASTERACEAE Max size: 16 <dd>Family assignments follow the Jepson eFlora. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="category"></a> CATEGORY [category] Example: angiosperm <dd> Please see <a class=xgrayLink href='/entry/help/categories.html'>Categories</a> for a full explanation. This field is designed to facilitate sorting of records in a phylogenetic order. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="parent_child"></a> PARENT/CHILD TAG [parent_child] Example: child Max size: 10 <dd>This field tags the record as child or parent. A child is a fully recognized taxon that is included in another taxon within this database. A parent is the taxon within which the child is included. For example, <table cellpadding=3 class=A11> <tr><td width=30 rowspan=2></td> <td>Poa secunda ssp. juncifolia</td><td>is a child, and</td></tr> <tr><td>Poa secunda</td><td> is the parent of that child.</td></tr> </table> In a case like this, the information available in this database for the child will be more articulated than information available for the parent. On the other hand, information for the parent will in some ways be an aggregate of information for all of the children (subspecies and varieties). For instance, observation data reported for Poa secunda will include all observation data for Poa secunda ssp. juncifolia and Poa secunda ssp. secunda. This tag is intended to facilitate species counts--including both a child and its parent results in an over-count of taxa. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="parent_rec"></a> PARENT RECORDNUM [parent_rec] Example: 345 Max size: 4 <dd>For children this is the calrecnum of the parent. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="parent_name"></a> PARENT NAME [parent_name] Example: Trifolium andersonii Max size: 42 <dd>For children, this is the name (genus + species + rank + ssp_var) of the parent. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="treatment"></a> TREATMENT NOTE [treatment] <dd> Any special note about the taxonomic treatment of the plant. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="native"></A> NATIVE [native] Example: t <dd> Max Size: 1 Each taxon is classed as t (true) for Native, or f (false) for Non-Native (Introduced). </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="lifeform"></A> LIFEFORM [lifeform] Example: Perennial Max size: 22 <dd> Each taxon is classed as one or more of the following: <dl> <DD>Fern <DD>Annual herb <DD>Perennial herb <DD>Biennial herb <DD>Tree <DD>Shrub <DD>Vine </DL> followed by adjectives in parentheses--e.g. Shrub (stem succulent) <DL> <DD>aquatic <DD>biennial <DD>bulb <DD>carnivorous <DD>hemiparasitic <DD>mosslike <DD>rhizomatous <DD>parasitic <DD>mycoparasitic (previously "saprophitic") <DD>stem succulent </DL> Transcribed from <a href="/references.html"> Lum/Walker </a> codes except that occurrences of 'not specified' were replaced with an interpretation of description in Munz or the Jepson Manual. For taxa included in the CNPS Inventory (1994), this field contains the lifeform descriptor used in that database (some infrequently-used adjectives have been dropped). For taxa not included in either Lum/Walker or the CNPS Inventory, this field contains transcriptions of data from the USDA PLANTS database. All Pteridophytes are classified as lifeform 'Fern'. All Ericaceae (Monotropoideae) previously marked 'saprophytic' reclassified as 'mycoparasitic' per communication with Garry Wallace (<a href="/references.html#wallace75">Wallace 1975</a>).</DD> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="us_dist"></a> US DISTRIBUTION [us_dist] Example: CA Endemic Max size: 20 <dd> Describes distribution beyond California. <ul> <table style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td width=100>CA Endemic </td><td></td></tr> <tr><td>CA+ </td><td> extends only slightly beyond CA borders </td></tr> <tr><td>wNAm </td><td> beyond CA but confined to w. North America </td></tr> <tr><td>NAm/WW </td><td> native here but range extends beyond N.Am. </td></tr> <tr><td>Introd. </td><td> introduced </DD> </table> </ul> For non-endemic taxa included in CNPS Inventory, this field contains the non-California portion of the distribution entry from that database: standard 2-letter codes for U.S. states, also <ul> <table style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td width=100>BA</td><td> Baja California</td></tr> <tr><td>GU </td><td> Isla Guadalupe, BA </td></tr> <tr><td>SA </td><td> South America</td></tr> <tr><td>SO </td><td> Sonora, Mexico</td></tr> </table> </ul> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="countylist"></a> COUNTY LIST (County Distributions) [countylist] Example: ALP ELD HUM List of County regions where this species is, was, or may be present, based on data included in the Calflora Occurrence Database. <ul> <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td>ALA </td><td> Alameda </td></tr> <tr><td>ALP </td><td> Alpine </td></tr> <tr><td>AMA </td><td> Amador </td></tr> <tr><td>BUT </td><td> Butte </td></tr> <tr><td>CAL </td><td> Calaveras </td></tr> <tr><td>CCA </td><td> Contra Costa </td></tr> <tr><td>COL </td><td> Colusa </td></tr> <tr><td>DNT </td><td> Del Norte </td></tr> <tr><td>ELD </td><td> El Dorado </td></tr> <tr><td>FRE </td><td> Fresno </td></tr> <tr><td>GLE </td><td> Glenn </td></tr> <tr><td>HUM </td><td> Humboldt </td></tr> <tr><td>IMP </td><td> Imperial </td></tr> <tr><td>INY </td><td> Inyo </td></tr> <tr><td>KNG </td><td> Kings </td></tr> <tr><td>KRN </td><td> Kern </td></tr> <tr><td>LAK </td><td> Lake </td></tr> <tr><td>LAS </td><td> Lassen </td></tr> <tr><td>LAX </td><td> Los Angeles </td></tr> <tr><td>MAD </td><td> Madera </td></tr> <tr><td>MEN </td><td> Mendocino </td></tr> <tr><td>MER </td><td> Merced </td></tr> <tr><td>MNO </td><td> Mono </td></tr> <tr><td>MNT </td><td> Monterey </td></tr> <tr><td>MOD </td><td> Modoc </td></tr> <tr><td>MPA </td><td> Mariposa </td></tr> <tr><td>MRN </td><td> Marin </td></tr> <tr><td>NAP </td><td> Napa </td></tr> <tr><td>NEV </td><td> Nevada </td></tr> <tr><td>ORA </td><td> Orange </td></tr> <tr><td>PLA </td><td> Placer </td></tr> <tr><td>PLU </td><td> Plumas </td></tr> <tr><td>RIV </td><td> Riverside </td></tr> <tr><td>SAC </td><td> Sacramento </td></tr> <tr><td>SBA </td><td> Santa Barbara </td></tr> <tr><td>SBD </td><td> San Bernardino </td></tr> <tr><td>SBT </td><td> San Benito </td></tr> <tr><td>SCL </td><td> Santa Clara </td></tr> <tr><td>SCR </td><td> Santa Cruz </td></tr> <tr><td>SDG </td><td> San Diego </td></tr> <tr><td>SFO </td><td> San Francisco </td></tr> <tr><td>SMT </td><td> San Mateo </td></tr> <tr><td>SHA </td><td> Shasta </td></tr> <tr><td>SIE </td><td> Sierra </td></tr> <tr><td>SIS </td><td> Siskiyou </td></tr> <tr><td>SJQ </td><td> San Joaquin </td></tr> <tr><td>SLO </td><td> San Luis Obispo </td></tr> <tr><td>SOL </td><td> Solano </td></tr> <tr><td>SON </td><td> Sonoma </td></tr> <tr><td>STA </td><td> Stanislaus </td></tr> <tr><td>SUT </td><td> Sutter </td></tr> <tr><td>TEH </td><td> Tehama </td></tr> <tr><td>TRI </td><td> Trinity </td></tr> <tr><td>TUL </td><td> Tulare </td></tr> <tr><td>TUO </td><td> Tuolumne </td></tr> <tr><td>VEN </td><td> Ventura </td></tr> <tr><td>YOL </td><td> Yolo </td></td></tr> <tr><td>YUB </td><td> Yuba </td></tr> </table> </ul> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="plant_community"></a> PLANT COMMUNITIES [plant_community] Example: m16m17m15 Max size: 42 <dd> A plant community system introduced in <a target=_blank href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_A._Munz"> Philip A. Munz</a> 1968, Supplement to a California flora. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley, CA. 224 pp. The system is utilized in Griffin and Critchfield 1972, <a target=_blank href="https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_rp082/psw_rp082_part1.pdf"> The Distribution of Forest Trees in California</a>, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Berkeley, CA. 64 pp. List of two-digit codes each preceded by a 'm', no spaces (e.g. 'm13m27m29') Codes m01-m29 correspond to numbers used in Munz68 plant communities list (see Munz68 pp12-18 for descriptions) <ul> <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr> <td width=10%> <td> <tr> <td> m01 <td> Coastal Strand <tr> <td> m02 <td> Coastal Salt Marsh <tr> <td> m03 <td> Freshwater Marsh (note: expanded to include all freshwater wetlands) <tr> <td> m04 <td> Northern Coastal Scrub <tr> <td> m05 <td> Coastal Sage Scrub <tr> <td> m06 <td> Sagebrush Scrub <tr> <td> m07 <td> Shadscale Scrub <tr> <td> m08 <td> Creosote Bush Scrub <tr> <td> m09 <td> Alkali Sink <tr> <td> m10 <td> North Coastal Coniferous Forest <tr> <td> m11 <td> Closed-cone Pine Forest <tr> <td> m12 <td> Redwood Forest <tr> <td> m13 <td> Douglas-Fir Forest <tr> <td> m14 <td> Yellow Pine Forest <tr> <td> m15 <td> Red Fir Forest <tr> <td> m16 <td> Lodgepole Forest <tr> <td> m17 <td> Subalpine Forest <tr> <td> m18 <td> Bristle-cone Pine Forest <tr> <td> m19 <td> Mixed Evergreen Forest <tr> <td> m20 <td> Northern Oak Woodland <tr> <td> m21 <td> Southern Oak Woodland <tr> <td> m22 <td> Foothill Woodland <tr> <td> m23 <td> Chaparral <tr> <td> m24 <td> Coastal Prairie <tr> <td> m25 <td> Valley Grassland <tr> <td> m26 <td> Alpine Fell-fields <tr> <td> m27 <td> Northern Juniper Woodland <tr> <td> m28 <td> Pinyon-Juniper Woodland <tr> <td> m29 <td> Joshua Tree Woodland </DD> </table> </ul> Other codes from <a href="/references.html"> Lum/Walker</a>: <ul> <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr> <td width=10%> m30 </td><td> weed, species characteristic of disturbed places, <tr> <td> m31 <td> agricultural weed, <tr> <td> m40 <td> escaped cultivar, <tr> <td> m41 <td> introduced plant which is becoming naturalized, <tr> <td> m42 <td> agricultural plant, <tr> <td> m50 <td> many plant communities, <tr> <td> m80 <td> community not given, species associated with a peculiar habitat. </table> </ul> Additional Codes <ul> <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr> <td width=40>m45</td><td>wetland-riparian</td></tr> </table> </ul> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="rarity"></a> CNPS RARITY CODE [rarity] Example: 2B <dd>Values of 'Rarity' code from CNPS Inventory database (CNPS 2019). </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <a name=ca_status></a> CALIFORNIA STATE LISTING STATUS [ca_status] Max size: 64 char. </DD> <dd>State listing codes from <a href='https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=109390&inline'> California Department of Fish and Wildlife</a>. Updated January, 2021. <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td> SE </td><td> State-listed endangered</td></tr> <tr><td> ST </td><td> State-listed threatened</td></tr> <tr><td> SR </td><td> State-listed rare</td></tr> <tr><td> SC </td><td> State candidate for listing</td></tr> </table> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <a name=fed_status></a> FEDERAL LISTING STATUS [fed_status] Max size: 64 char. </DD> <dd>Federal listing codes from <a href='https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=109390&inline'> California Department of Fish and Wildlife</a>. Updated January, 2021. <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td> FE </td><td> Federally listed endangered</td></tr> <tr><td> FT </td><td> Federally listed threatened</td></tr> <tr><td> FPE </td><td> Federally proposed endangered</td></tr> <tr><td> FPT </td><td> Federally proposed,threatened</td></tr> <tr><td> FDR </td><td> Federally delisted - recovered</td></tr> </table> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="habitat_descriptors"></a></DD> HABITATS [habitat_descriptors] Example: riparian Max size: 57 <dd>Captures habitat descriptors from <a href="/references.html"> Lum/Walker </a> and CNPS Inventory (1994) databases, includes the following keywords: <ul class=A11> alluvial-fans bogs/fens brackish-marsh canyons cliffs coastal disturbed dunes edges freshwater-marsh lake-margin lakes marsh meadows openings ridges riparian salt-marsh seeps slopes streambanks washes </ul> Data is not available for all taxa. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="cdfa_weed_status"></a> CDFA WEED STATUS [cdfa_weed_status] Example: A Max size: 16 </DD> <dd><a href=HTTP://pi.cdfa.ca.gov/weedinfo/>Weed status rating codes</a> from the <a href=HTTP://pi.cdfa.ca.gov/>California Department of Food and Agriculture</a>, Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services. Last updated in Calflora: October 2000 with classifications as of September 2000 (<a href=/references.html#cdfa_2000>CDFA Weeds 2000</a>). Possible values: <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td valign=top> A </td><td> "An organism of know economic importance subject to state (or commissioner when acting as a state agent) enforced action involving: eradication, quarantine, containment, rejection, or other holding action." </td></tr><tr><td valign=top> B </td><td> "An organism of known economic importance subject to: eradication, containment, control or other holding action at the discretion of the individual county agricultural commissioner." OR "An organism of know economic importance subject to state endorsed holding action and eradication only when found in a nursery." </td></tr><tr><td valign=top> C </td><td> "An organism subject to no state enforced action outside of nurseries except to retard spread. At the discretion of the commissioner." OR "An organism subject to no state enforced action except to provide for pest cleanliness in nurseries." </td></tr><tr><td valign=top> D </td><td> "No action. (Parasites, predators, and organisms of little or no economic importance)." </td></tr><tr><td valign=top> Q </td><td> "An organism or disorder requiring temporary "A" action pending determination of a permanent rating. The organism is suspected to be of economic importance but its status is uncertain because of incomplete identification or inadequate information. In the case of an established infestation, at the discretion of the Assistant Director for Plant Industry, the Department will conduct surveys and will convene the Division Pest Study Team to determine a permanent rating." </td></tr></table> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="fed_nox_weed"></a> FEDERAL NOXIOUS WEED STATUS [fed_nox_weed] Max size: 34 </DD> <dd> Weed status rating codes from the <a href=HTTP://www.aphis.usda.gov/>United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service</a>. Last updated in Calflora: October 26, 2000 with ratings as of September 8, 2000 (<a href=calflora/references.html#usda_nox_2000>USDA 2000</a>) Values: <ul> not listed y </ul> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="plants_code"></a> PLANTS CODE [plants_code] Example: ABCO Max size: 7 </DD> <dd>Code from USDA PLANTS for this name. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="wetland"></a> WETLAND INDICATOR [wetland] Example: OBL (obligate) Max size: 4 <dd> The likelihood of a species occurring in wetlands versus non wetlands in California as determined by the Army Corps of Engineers in the National Wetland Plant List (updated 2016). The dataset was developed by Robert W. Lichvar, Norman C. Melvin, Mary L. Butterwick, and William N. Kirchner. Please see this <a href="https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/documents/National-Wetland-Plant-List-Indicator-Rating-Definitions.pdf"> description</a> and <a href="HTTP://wetland-plants.usace.army.mil/nwpl_static/index.html"> documentation</a> of the dataset. Note that indicator categories do not refer to degrees of wetness. Some obligate wetland species occur in wetlands which are only temporarily or seasonally flooded. Indicator categories: <ul> <table cellpadding=5 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr valign=top><td valign=top>OBL <td width=20% valign=top> Obligate Wetland <td>Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands. <tr><td valign=top>FACW <td valign=top> Facultative Wetland <td> Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non wetlands. <tr><td valign=top>FAC <td valign=top> Facultative <td>Equally likely to occur in wetlands and non wetlands. <tr><td valign=top>FACU <td valign=top> Facultative Upland <td>Usually occurs in non wetlands, but occasionally found on wetlands. <tr><td valign=top>UPL <td valign=top> Obligate Upland <td>Occurs almost always under natural conditions in non wetlands in the region. (Note that if a species does not occur in wetlands in any region, it is not on the National List.) </table></ul> In the 2012 version of the National Wetland Plant List, California has two regions: <ul> <li>the Arid West, including most of the state; and <li>Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast, including the Sierras and the northwest part of the state (MLRAs 22A, 22B, 05, and 04B -- map coming). </ul> When a plant has a different value in each California region, both values are included. Otherwise, a single value is included. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="calipc"></a> CALIFORNIA INVASIVE PLANT COUNCIL PLANT STATUS and URL [calipc] Example: 2:Torilis_arvensis.php <dd> Weed status code and URL from the <a href=HTTP://www.cal-ipc.org/>California Invasive Plant Council</a>, updated August, 2017. In the example above, 2 is the status code. The meaning of the codes is as follows: <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td width=20 rowspan=5></td><td>Code</td> <td>Meaning</td> <td>Example</td> </tr> <tr><td>1</td><td>High</td><td> <a href='//www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=107'> Aegilops triuncialis</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>2</td><td>Moderate</td><td> <a href='//www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=8004'> Torilis arvensis</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>3</td><td>Limited</td><td> <a href='//www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=5461'> Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>4</td><td>Watch</td><td> <a href='//www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=262'> Alopecurus pratensis</a> </td></tr> </table> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="occ_count"></a> OCCURRENCE DATABASE TOTAL COUNT [occ_count] Example: 1236 <dd> The total count of records in the Calflora Occurrence Database that are unambiguously assignable to this taxon (including synonyms and included sub-taxa). </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="itis_tsn"></a> ITIS TAXONOMIC SERIAL NUMBER (TSN) [itis_tsn] Example: 34123 <dd> The <a href=HTTP://www.itis.usda.gov/plantproj/itis/index.html> ITIS Taxonomic Serial Number</a> for this taxon. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="common"></a> ONE COMMON NAME [common] Example: moutain dandelion <dd> A single common name for the plant. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="active"></a> ACTIVE [active] Example: f <dd> Is this record active? When there is a name change, and several nomenclature authorities agree on the new name, then Calflora will create a new record for the new name, and set active = 'f' on the old record. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="index_date"></a> INDEX DATE [index_date] <dd> The date this record was added to the table. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="nstatus"></a> NSTATUS [nstatus] <dd> Any special status, such as rare (for natives) or invasive (for natives or non-natives). <ul> <table cellpadding=3 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr><td>1</td> <td> native, rare</td></tr> <tr><td>2</td> <td> native, not rare</td></tr> <tr><td>3</td> <td> native, invasive</td></tr> <tr><td>4</td> <td> non-native</td></tr> <tr><td>5</td> <td> non-native, invasive</td></tr> </table> </ul> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="um_affinity"></a> ULTRAMAFIC AFFINITY [um_affinity] Example: 2.6 (strong indicator) <dd> The mean ultramafic affinity for this taxon, as per <a href="/references.html#safford">Safford and Miller 2020</a>. The numbers, on a scale from 1.0 to 6.0, are interpreted as follows: <table width=100% class='fxt A11' cellpadding=5 style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> <tr> <td width=6%></td> <td width=6%>≥ 5.5</td> <td width=33%>strict endemic</td> <td>170 taxa with 95% of their occurrences on ultramafics</td> </tr> <tr> <td>< 5.5</td><td> ≥ 4.5</td> <td>broad endemic</td> <td>85 taxa with 85-94% of their occurrences on ultramafics</td> </tr> <tr> <td>< 4.5</td><td> ≥ 3.5</td> <td>transition from broad endemic to strong indicator</td> <td>75 taxa with 75-84% of their occurrences on ultramafics</td> </tr> <tr> <td>< 3.5</td><td> ≥ 2.5</td> <td>strong indicator</td> <td>121 taxa with 65-74% of their occurrences on ultramafics</td> </tr> <tr> <td>< 2.5</td><td> ≥ 1.5</td> <td>weak indicator</td> <td>149 taxa with 55-64% of their occurrences on ultramafics</td> </tr> <tr> <td>< 1.5</td><td> ≥ 1.0</td> <td>weak indicator / indifferent</td> <td>79 taxa with 50-54% of their occurrences on ultramafics</td> </tr> </table> <div class=A11> See also <ul> <a href="https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/serpentines/adaptations.shtml"> Serpentine Soils and Plant Adaptations</a> U. S. Forest Service: <ul> Some plant species are seldom if ever found on serpentines, others are indifferent meaning they can occur both on, or off, serpentines, yet others are almost entirely restricted to serpentines. </ul> <a href="https://cnps.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FremontiaV38.4_39.1.pdf"> SERPENTINE SOILS AND WHY THEY LIMIT PLANT SURVIVAL AND GROWTH</a> Earl B. Alexander, in Fremontia v. 38:4/39:1 (October 2010): <ul> Plants that thrive on serpentine soils have unusual capabilities to utilize calcium when the alkaline earth elements are dominated by magnesium, and to tolerate concentrations of cobalt and nickel that are toxic to most plants. </ul> </ul> </div> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="akatax"></a> PREVIOUS TAXON [akatax] <dd> An alternate scientific name of the plant that was in use before the current value of TAXON was accepted. This field is populated only for plant names that were changed in the Jepson Manual Second Edition (2012) or subsequently, and only when the name change is unambiguous. For example, the record for the currently accepted taxon Frangula californica contains the previously accepted taxon Rhamnus californica as the value of this field. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="xcrn"></a> PREVIOUS RECORDNUM [xcrn] <dd> If the record has a value for PREVIOUS TAXON, this is the record number (calrecnum) that corresponds to that name. </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="sbloom"></a> START BLOOM and END BLOOM [sbloom] [ebloom] Example: 5 (May) <dd> An integer from 1 to 12 indicating the month when the plant is likely to start blooming in California (start bloom), and the last month when the plant might still be blooming in California (end bloom). Together these two numbers suggest the bloom period of the plant. Data for bloom period comes from <a target=_blank href="HTTP://www.rareplants.cnps.org/"> the CNPS Inventory</a>, <a target=_blank href="https://plants.usda.gov/"> USDA PLANTS</a>, various documents prepared by <a target=_blank href="HTTP://www.ca.nrcs.usda.gov/"> NRCS California</a>, <a target=_blank href="https://calphotos.berkeley.edu/"> CalPhotos</a>, and the <a href='https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/'>Jepson eFlora</a>. For weeds, Joe DiTomaso's <a target=_blank href="HTTP://www.cal-ipc.org/resources/booksandcds/weedsofca.php"> Weeds of California</a> was also consulted. Calflora observation records (where the contributor has indicated that the plant was flowering) are also consulted periodically as this data is maintained. Of these sources, CalPhotos is the most interesting, because when a blooming plant is well covered by multiple photographers on CalPhotos, it is possible to induce the bloom period by looking at the dates of many photos. In this way, CalPhotos can often serve as a reality check for data from other sources. Caveats. There are some caveats about the use of this bloom period data. First, the bloom period as stated tends to bracket the actual bloom period for a plant at a particular location during a particular year. The data is for the whole state, and some plants with a wide geographic range exhibit significant differences in bloom period location-by-location and year-by-year. Second, the bloom period for some California native plants is not yet well documented, so that what Calflora shows may be taken as a first hypothesis. You can help us to correct any errors. If you see a bloom period for a plant on Calflora that is too short, here is what to do: <ul> <li> Register as a <a href="//www.calflora.org/entry/mycalflora.html"> contributor</a> <li> Take a photo of the plant in bloom during the missing month (for instance, if the bloom period is stated as March - May, and you know it blooms in June, wait until June, and then take a photo of it). <li> Enter an observation with <a target=_blank href="https://www.calflora.org/entry/poe.html"> Plant Observation Entry</a> and add your photo (or a link to your photo) to the record. Be sure to set the value of Phenology to Flowering. </ul> You can also just <a href="/cgi-bin/contact.cgi">write to us</a> to suggest a correction.   In the <a target=_blank href="HTTP://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html"> Jepson Manual Second Edition</a>, 45 plants (listed below) are shown as having both a spring and a fall bloom period each year. Calflora only shows the first bloom period for these plants. <ul> <table class=A11 style="padding: 2px 2px 2px 6px; border: 1px solid #c0c0c0;"> <tr> <td> Adenophyllum cooperi </td> <td> Apr--Jun, Sep--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Adenophyllum porophylloides </td> <td> Mar--Jun, Oct--Dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Ageratina herbacea </td> <td> May--Jun, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Bahiopsis parishii </td> <td> Feb--Jun, Sep--Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Bahiopsis reticulata </td> <td> Feb--Jun, Sep--Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Baileya multiradiata </td> <td> Apr--Jul, Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Baileya pauciradiata </td> <td> Dec--Jun, Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Baileya pleniradiata </td> <td> Mar--Jun, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Brickellia frutescens </td> <td> Mar--Jun, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Dieteria asteroides var. asteroides </td> <td> Mar--Jun, Sep--Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Encelia farinosa </td> <td> Jan--Jun, Aug--Sep </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Encelia farinosa </td> <td> Jan--Jun, Aug--Sep </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Encelia virginensis </td> <td> Mar--Jun, Dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Ericameria pinifolia </td> <td> Apr--Jul, Sep--Jan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Geraea canescens </td> <td> Jan--May, Sep--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Helianthus niveus subsp. tephrodes </td> <td> Mar--May, Oct--Jan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Heterotheca villosa var. scabra </td> <td> Apr--May, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Hymenopappus filifolius var. eriopodus </td> <td> May--Jun, Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Perityle emoryi </td> <td> Jan--Jun, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Psilostrophe cooperi </td> <td> Mar--Jul, Oct--Jan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Senecio flaccidus var. monoensis </td> <td> Apr--Jun, Sep--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Thymophylla pentachaeta var. belenidium </td> <td> (Mar)Apr--Jun, Sep--Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Trichoptilium incisum </td> <td> Jan--May, Oct--Dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Trixis californica var. californica </td> <td> Jan--May, Jul--Aug </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Xanthisma spinulosum var. gooddingii </td> <td> Feb--May, Sep--Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Xylorhiza tortifolia var. tortifolia </td> <td> Mar--Jun, Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Pholisma arenarium </td> <td> Apr--Jul, Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Bernardia incana </td> <td> Apr--May, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Chamaesyce micromera </td> <td> Apr--Jun, Sep--Dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Calliandra eriophylla </td> <td> Feb--Apr, after Sep--Oct rain </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Petalonyx thurberi subsp. gilmanii </td> <td> May--Jun, Sep--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Horsfordia newberryi </td> <td> Mar--Apr, Nov--Dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Malacothamnus densiflorus </td> <td> May--Jul, Sep--Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Malacothamnus orbiculatus </td> <td> May--Jul, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Oxalis bowiei </td> <td> Apr--Jun, Oct--Dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus </td> <td> Apr--Jun, Oct </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Galium wrightii </td> <td> May--Jun, Aug--Sep </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Fagonia laevis </td> <td> Mar--May, Nov--Jan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Fagonia pachyacantha </td> <td> Mar--May, Nov--Jan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Tridens muticus var. muticus </td> <td> Apr--May, Oct--Nov </td> </tr> </table> </ul> </dd> <hr color=#c0c0c0> <A NAME="toxic"></a> TOXICITY [toxic] <dd> An indication of the known toxicity of a plant. The values shown are from <ul> Alsop and Karlik, <a class=xblueLink target=_blank href= 'https://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8560.pdf'>Poisonous Plants</a> (UCANR 2016) the <a class=xblueLink target=_blank href="https://calpoison.org/topics/plant"> California Poison Control System</a> list of toxic plants </ul> and other sources. Toxicity is presented in three broad classes. The dangerous parts of the plant (leaf, stem, root, fruit, or seed) are indicated for each plant. <ol> <li> Plants with parts that are poisonous to ingest. These are labelled Do not eat. <li> Plants with parts that definitely cause a severe skin irritation when touched. <li> Plants with parts that may cause skin irritation when touched. </ol> Please see this <a class=xgrayLink href='/entry/advanced.html#active=1&tox=toxic&cols=0,1,15,2,4&srch=t'> Advanced Search for Plants</a> search to see all currrently listed toxic plants. Note that most lists of toxic plants (including this one) are not complete. Because the sensitivity to toxins varies widely between individuals, any plant might cause an unexpected reaction in certain individuals. </dd> </Td> <Td width=20></Td> <Td valign=top >   Field List: <a href="#calrecnum">calrecnum</a> <a href="#calname">calname</a> <a href="#taxon">taxon</a> <a href="#genus">genus</a> <a href="#species">species</a> <a href="#author1">author1</a> <a href="#rank">rank</a> <a href="#ssp_var">ssp_var</a> <a href="#author2">author2</a> <a href="#family">family</a> <a href="#parent_child">parent_child</a> <a href="#parent_rec">parent_rec</a> <a href="#parent_name">parent_name</a> <a href="#treatment">treatment</a> <a href="#category">category</a> <a href="#lifeform">lifeform</a> <a href="#native">native</a> <a href="#us_dist">us_dist</a> <a href="#plant_community">plant_community</a> <a href="#habitat_descriptors">habitat_descriptors</a> <a href="#countylist">countylist</a> <a href="#rarity">rarity</a> <a href="#ca_status">ca_status</a> <a href="#fed_status">fed_status</a> <a href="#cdfa_weed_status">cdfa_weed_status</a> <a href="#fed_nox_weed">fed_nox_weed</a> <a href="#wetland">wetland</a> <a href="#plants_code">plants_code</a> <a href="#calipc">calipc</a> <a href="#itis_tsn">itis_tsn</a>  <a href="#common">common</a> <a href="#um_affinity">um_affinity</a> <a href="#akatax">akatax</a> <a href="#xcrn">xcrn</a> <a href="#sbloom">sbloom</a> <a href="#sbloom">ebloom</a> <a href="#active">active</a> <a href="#index_date">index_date</a> <a href="#nstatus">nstatus</a> <a href="#toxic">toxic</a> </Td> </Tr>  </Table> </DIV>   </body> </html>