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Kotač – Wikipedija

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aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Povijest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povijest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Povijest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povijest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vanjske poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kotač</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 155 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-155" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">155 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%8C" title="Агьежь – abhaski" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Агьежь" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abhaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiel" title="Wiel – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wiel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad" title="Rad – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Rad" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rueda" title="Rueda – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rueda" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="चक्र – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="चक्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9" title="عجلة – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عجلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rueda" title="Rueda – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rueda" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%99k%C9%99r" title="Təkər – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Təkər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B1" title="تکر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تکر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%81" title="Тәгәрмәс – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тәгәрмәс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radl" title="Radl – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Radl" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tek%C4%97nis" title="Tekėnis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tekėnis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruweda" title="Ruweda – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ruweda" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Кола – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кола" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Кола – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кола" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiping" title="Kiping – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kiping" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Колело – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Колело" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="पहिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पहिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="চাকা – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চাকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="འཁོར་ལོ། – tibetski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="འཁོར་ལོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod" title="Rod – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rod" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%C4%8Dak" title="Točak – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Točak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Мөөр – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мөөр" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda" title="Roda – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Roda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B9ng-l%C3%B9ng" title="Lùng-lùng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lùng-lùng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligid" title="Ligid – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ligid" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ویل – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6gerek" title="Tögerek – krimski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Tögerek" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolo" title="Kolo – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kolo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Коло – crkvenoslavenski" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Коло" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="crkvenoslavenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кустăрма – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кустăрма" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olwyn" title="Olwyn – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Olwyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjul" title="Hjul – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hjul" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad" title="Rad – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%87%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Τροχός – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τροχός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3da" title="Róda – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Róda" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wheel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rado" title="Rado – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rueda" title="Rueda – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rueda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratas" title="Ratas – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ratas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurpil" title="Gurpil – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gurpil" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruea" title="Ruea – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ruea" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%AE" title="چرخ – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چرخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Py%C3%B6r%C3%A4" title="Pyörä – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pyörä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%B5%C3%B5r" title="Tsõõr – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tsõõr" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roue" title="Roue – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weel_(Rund)" title="Weel (Rund) – sjevernofrizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Weel (Rund)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="sjevernofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruede" title="Ruede – furlanski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ruede" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsjil" title="Tsjil – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tsjil" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roth" title="Roth – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Roth" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%84" title="駄 – gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="駄" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rou" title="Rou – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Rou" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuibhle" title="Cuibhle – škotski gaelski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cuibhle" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski gaelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda" title="Roda – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Roda" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apajere" title="Apajere – gvaranski" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Apajere" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%88%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82" title="પૈડું – gudžaratski" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પૈડું" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin-%C3%A9" title="Lin-é – hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lin-é" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%9C" title="גלגל – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלגל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="पहिया – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पहिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahiya" title="Pahiya – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Pahiya" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ker%C3%A9k" title="Kerék – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kerék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BE" title="Անիվ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անիվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota" title="Rota – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Rota" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda" title="Roda – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Roda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksraligaun" title="Aksraligaun – inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Aksraligaun" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilid" title="Pilid – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pilid" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roto" title="Roto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Roto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%B3l" title="Hjól – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hjól" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruota" title="Ruota – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ruota" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%8A%E8%BC%AA" title="車輪 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="車輪" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiil" title="Wiil – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Wiil" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodha" title="Rodha – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rodha" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ბორბალი – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბორბალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tak_kyangcung" title="Tak kyangcung – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Tak kyangcung" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%A9%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Дөңгелек – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дөңгелек" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B(wheel)" title="កង់(wheel) – kmerski" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កង់(wheel)" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF" title="ಗಾಲಿ – karnatački" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಾಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="karnatački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%ED%80%B4" title="바퀴 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바퀴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87erxe" title="Çerxe – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Çerxe" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%A7%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Гӧгыль – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Гӧгыль" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ros" title="Ros – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ros" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%A9%D2%A3%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D0%BA" title="Дөңгөлөк – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Дөңгөлөк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota" title="Rota – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rota" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raad" title="Raad – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Raad" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6a" title="Röa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Röa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roeuda" title="Roeuda – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Roeuda" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nz%C3%ADnga" title="Nzínga – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nzínga" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratas" title="Ratas – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ratas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritenis" title="Ritenis – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ritenis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodiarana" title="Kodiarana – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kodiarana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Орава – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Орава" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda" title="Roda – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Roda" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Тркало – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тркало" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ചക്രം – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചക്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B9" title="Дугуй – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дугуй" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="चाक – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चाक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda" title="Roda – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Roda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8" title="ဘီး – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘီး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malacatl" title="Malacatl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Malacatl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad" title="Rad – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rad" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rad" title="Rad – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Rad" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="पाङ्ग्रा – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पाङ्ग्रा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%83%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="घःचा – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="घःचा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiel_(voortbeweging)" title="Wiel (voortbeweging) – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wiel (voortbeweging)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjul" title="Hjul – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hjul" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjul" title="Hjul – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hjul" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reue" title="Reue – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Reue" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B2da" title="Ròda – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ròda" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%95" title="ଚକ – orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଚକ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="ਚੱਕਾ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚੱਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parulang" title="Parulang – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Parulang" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiel" title="Wiel – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Wiel" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raad" title="Raad – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Raad" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%82o_(technika)" title="Koło (technika) – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Koło (technika)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="پہیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پہیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roda" title="Roda – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalla" title="Qalla – kečuanski" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qalla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roat%C4%83" title="Roată – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roată" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aroat%C3%A2" title="Aroatâ – aromunski" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Aroatâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE" title="Колесо – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колесо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Төгүр – jakutski" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Төгүр" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱪᱟᱠᱟ – santalski" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱪᱟᱠᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota" title="Rota – sicilijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Rota" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A6%D9%8A%D9%BF%D9%88" title="ڦيٿو – sindski" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڦيٿو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota%C4%8D" title="Kotač – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kotač" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wheel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koleso_(prenos_pohybu)" title="Koleso (prenos pohybu) – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Koleso (prenos pohybu)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolo" title="Kolo – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kolo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaag" title="Shaag – somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Shaag" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rrota" title="Rrota – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrota" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Точак – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Точак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjul" title="Hjul – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hjul" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurudumu" title="Gurudumu – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Gurudumu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81" title="சில்லு – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சில்லு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="చక్రం – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చక్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" title="ล้อ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ล้อ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulong" title="Gulong – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gulong" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekerlek" title="Tekerlek – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tekerlek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%87" title="Тәгәрмәч – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тәгәрмәч" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE" title="Колесо – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Колесо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%81%DB%8C%DB%81" title="پہیہ – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پہیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%CA%BBildirak" title="Gʻildirak – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gʻildirak" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rua" title="Rua – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Rua" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kezr" title="Kezr – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kezr" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_xe" title="Bánh xe – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bánh xe" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowe_(mecanike)" title="Rowe (mecanike) – valonski" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rowe (mecanike)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliding" title="Kaliding – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kaliding" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E7%9B%98" title="轮盘 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="轮盘" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B3%D3%99" title="Төгә – kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Төгә" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%93" title="ראד – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ראד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BC%AA" title="輪 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="輪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BC%AA" title="輪 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="輪" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhia-li%C3%A1n" title="Chhia-lián – min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhia-lián" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%86" title="轆 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="轆" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isondo" title="Isondo – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isondo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q446#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div 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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Australian_cart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Australian_cart.jpg/250px-Australian_cart.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Australian_cart.jpg/375px-Australian_cart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Australian_cart.jpg/500px-Australian_cart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Kotač na vozu.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ljubljana_(8629147956).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Ljubljana_%288629147956%29.jpg/250px-Ljubljana_%288629147956%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Ljubljana_%288629147956%29.jpg/375px-Ljubljana_%288629147956%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Ljubljana_%288629147956%29.jpg/500px-Ljubljana_%288629147956%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="3398" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ljubljanski_drveni_kota%C4%8D" title="Ljubljanski drveni kotač">Ljubljanski drveni kotač</a> je najstariji <a href="/wiki/Drvo_(materijal)" title="Drvo (materijal)">drveni</a> kotač s <a href="/wiki/Osovina" title="Osovina">osovinom</a> na svijetu i star je oko 5150 godina.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Berry_Schools%27_Old_Mill,_Floyd_County,_Georgia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Berry_Schools%27_Old_Mill%2C_Floyd_County%2C_Georgia.jpg/250px-Berry_Schools%27_Old_Mill%2C_Floyd_County%2C_Georgia.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="393" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Berry_Schools%27_Old_Mill%2C_Floyd_County%2C_Georgia.jpg/375px-Berry_Schools%27_Old_Mill%2C_Floyd_County%2C_Georgia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Berry_Schools%27_Old_Mill%2C_Floyd_County%2C_Georgia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vodeni%C4%8Dko_kolo" title="Vodeničko kolo">Vodeničko kolo</a> <a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">promjera</a> 13 <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">metara</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kotač</b>, <b>točak</b> ili <b>kolo</b> je <a href="/wiki/Mehanika" title="Mehanika">mehanička</a> <a href="/wiki/Naprava" title="Naprava">naprava</a> <a href="/wiki/Vrtnja" title="Vrtnja">okretanjem</a> koje se omogućuje izvršenje nekog <a href="/wiki/Rad_(fizika)" title="Rad (fizika)">rada</a> (pokretanje nekog <a href="/wiki/Tijelo_(fizika)" title="Tijelo (fizika)">tijela</a>) uz primjenu manje <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">sile</a>. Tako je na primjer sila <a href="/wiki/Trenje" title="Trenje">trenja</a> (otpora <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" title="Gibanje">gibanju</a>) <a href="/wiki/Vozila" class="mw-redirect" title="Vozila">vozila</a> pri kotrljanju (vozila s kotačima) znatno manja od sile trenja vozila koje kliže podlogom. Par ili niz kotača različita promjera, u međusobnom dodiru (<a href="/wiki/Zup%C4%8Danik" title="Zupčanik">zupčanici</a>) ili posredno, preko <a href="/wiki/Remenski_prijenos" title="Remenski prijenos">remena (remenice)</a> ili <a href="/wiki/U%C5%BEe" title="Uže">užeta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kolotura" title="Kolotura">koloture</a>), omogućuje <a href="/wiki/Prijenosni_omjer" title="Prijenosni omjer">prijenos sile</a> u najpovoljnijem iznosu. Primijenjen kao <a href="/wiki/Zama%C5%A1njak" title="Zamašnjak">zamašnjak</a>, kotač svojom <a href="/wiki/Tromost" title="Tromost">tromošću</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moment_tromosti" class="mw-redirect" title="Moment tromosti">moment tromosti</a>) ujednačuje nejednolike pogonske sile, čime je rad <a href="/wiki/Strojevi" title="Strojevi">stroja</a> (na primjer <a href="/wiki/Parna_lokomotiva" title="Parna lokomotiva">parne lokomotive</a>) ili <a href="/wiki/Ure%C4%91aj" class="mw-redirect" title="Uređaj">uređaja</a> (na primjer kolovrata) mirniji, a <a href="/wiki/Stupanj_iskori%C5%A1tenja" title="Stupanj iskorištenja">učinkovitost</a> sustava povećana. Naziva se još i kolo, a osim s <a href="/wiki/Prijevoz" class="mw-redirect" title="Prijevoz">prijevoznim</a> sredstvima (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kola_(zaprega)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kola (zaprega) (stranica ne postoji)">kolima</a>), razvoj kotača povezan je i s iskorištenjem <a href="/wiki/Hidroenergija" title="Hidroenergija">vodene energije</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vodeni%C4%8Dko_kolo" title="Vodeničko kolo">vodeničko kolo</a>), te za obavljanje različitih poslova (na primjer <a href="/wiki/Lon%C4%8Darstvo" title="Lončarstvo">lončarsko</a> kolo). Svrstava se među takozvane <a href="/wiki/Jednostavni_stroj" title="Jednostavni stroj">jednostavne strojeve</a> (uz <a href="/wiki/Poluga" title="Poluga">polugu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klin" title="Klin">klin</a> i drugo), na načelima kojih počiva rad svih današnjih strojeva pa je time i jedan od najznačajnijih tehničkih <a href="/wiki/Izum" title="Izum">izuma</a> čovječanstva. </p><p>Kotač može biti jednostavan, u obliku kružne ploče, ili sastavljen od glavine, oglavlja i vijenca (obruča). U glavini se nalazi <a href="/wiki/Le%C5%BEaj" title="Ležaj">ležaj</a> <a href="/wiki/Osovina" title="Osovina">osovine</a> (kotač se okreće neovisno o osovini) ili je osovina čvrsto usađena u glavinu (kotač se okreće zajedno s osovinom). Oglavlje spaja glavinu s vijencem, a može biti izrađeno kao ploča (puna ili olakšana otvorima), ili sastavljeno od nekoliko masivnih radijalnih krakova (žbice, ramena, paoci) ili od većega broja tankih žičanih žbica (na primjer kotač <a href="/wiki/Bicikl" title="Bicikl">bicikla</a>). Ondje se kotač sastoji samo od glavine na koju je nasađen vijenac pa nema oglavlja. Oblik vijenca ovisi o vrsti i namjeni kotača: na primjer, u običnih je kotača gladak, u zupčanika je nazubljen na obodu, automobilski kotač ima oblik žlijeba, u koji pristaje guma sa zračnicom ili bez nje, željeznički kotač ima vijenac za vođenje po tračnici, a brodski kotač, kakvim su se, primjerice, pokretali prvi <a href="/wiki/Parobrod" title="Parobrod">parobrodi</a>, opremljen je i pokretnim ili nepokretnim lopaticama. Kotač je najčešće od <a href="/wiki/Metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal">metala</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C4%8Celik" title="Čelik">čelik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sivi_lijev" title="Sivi lijev">sivi lijev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aluminij" title="Aluminij">aluminij</a> i drugo), izrađen <a href="/wiki/Lijevanje" title="Lijevanje">lijevanjem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kovanje" title="Kovanje">kovanjem</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Zavarivanje" title="Zavarivanje">zavarivanjem</a>, a može biti i <a href="/wiki/Drvo_(materijal)" title="Drvo (materijal)">drven</a>, obično s vijencem ojačanim čeličnim obručem (na primjer kotači <a href="/wiki/Zapre%C5%BEno_vozilo" title="Zaprežno vozilo">zaprežnih vozila</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povijest">Povijest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota%C4%8D&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Povijest" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota%C4%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povijest"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Razvoj kotača bio je polagan, ali stalan na gotovo cijelom <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">planetu</a>. Njegov je preteča <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trupac&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Trupac (stranica ne postoji)">trupac</a>, s pomoću kojega se podmetanjem i kotrljanjem ispod teških <a href="/wiki/Teret" class="mw-disambig" title="Teret">tereta</a> olakšava njihovo pokretanje. Pojava kotača vezana je uz kola kao <a href="/wiki/Prijevoz" class="mw-redirect" title="Prijevoz">prijevozno</a> sredstvo. Najstariji prikazi kotača pronađeni su među ostatcima središnjoazijskih kultura (<a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">Ur</a>, oko 2700.&#160;pr.&#160;Kr.), puna su oblika i slični onima iz <a href="/wiki/Mla%C4%91e_kameno_doba" title="Mlađe kameno doba">mlađega kamenog doba</a>, nađenima u <a href="/wiki/Treseti%C5%A1te" title="Tresetište">tresetištima</a> sjeverne i zapadne Europe. Oko 1700.&#160;pr.&#160;Kr. taj se izum proširio do Kine i Egipta, a prvi kotači sa žbicama pojavljuju se na prikazima borbenih kola <a href="/wiki/Tehnologija_starog_Rima" title="Tehnologija starog Rima">starih Rimljana</a> (oko 300.&#160;pr.&#160;Kr.). Značajan korak u razvoju kotača bilo je uvođenje ojačanja vijenca metalnim prstenom (<a href="/wiki/Bronca" title="Bronca">bronca</a>, čelik), koji je povećao <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cvrsto%C4%87a" title="Čvrstoća">čvrstoću</a> kotača i njegov otpor habanju. Prije europskih istraživanja na pacifičkim otocima kotač nije bio poznat; pretkolumbovske kulture Amerike poznavale su princip kotača, ali nisu nikada razvile njegovu primjenu. Za prijenos gibanja i sile u različitim napravama (<a href="/wiki/Vitlo" title="Vitlo">vitlo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kolotur" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolotur">kolotur</a>), kotač se rabi još od antike. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ljubljanski_drveni_kota%C4%8D" title="Ljubljanski drveni kotač">Ljubljanski drveni kotač</a> je najstariji <a href="/wiki/Drvo_(materijal)" title="Drvo (materijal)">drveni</a> kotač s <a href="/wiki/Osovina" title="Osovina">osovinom</a> na svijetu. Otkriven je 2002. prilikom provedbe projekta uzorkovanja drveta na lokaciji Stare gmajne pri <a href="/wiki/Vrhnika" title="Vrhnika">Vrhniki</a>, koji je vodio dr. Anton Veluščak (<a href="/wiki/Slovenska_akademija_znanosti_i_umjetnosti" title="Slovenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti">Slovenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti</a>). U jednom od drenažnih jarkova nalazila su se, uz brojne nalaze, dva drvena <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Camac" title="Čamac">čamca</a> i ostaci drvenog kotača, koji je bio zbog prethodnog produbljivanja jarka vrlo oštećen. Na mjestu nalaza jarak je proširen te je otkrivena i osovina, zbog koje se smatra da je kotač pripadao kolicima na dva kotača. Kotač je sastavljen od dvije <a href="/wiki/Jasen" title="Jasen">jasenove</a> ploče spojene <a href="/wiki/Hrast" title="Hrast">hrastovim</a> <a href="/wiki/Klin" title="Klin">klinovima</a>, a na sredini se nalazi <a href="/wiki/Pravokutnik" title="Pravokutnik">pravokutno</a> otvorenje (što pokazuje da se kotač okretao zajedno s osovinom). <a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">Promjer</a> kotača iznosi 72 <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">cm</a>, a debljina 5 cm, dok je osovina bila duljine 124 cm. Kotač je datiran pomoću stratigrafskih podataka, dendrokronoloških istraživanja i <a href="/wiki/Datiranje_ugljikom-14" title="Datiranje ugljikom-14">ugljikom-14</a>(<a href="/wiki/Laboratorij" title="Laboratorij">laboratorij</a> VERA u <a href="/wiki/Be%C4%8D" title="Beč">Beču</a>). Dobivena starost iznosi 5150 godina.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Prijevoz" class="mw-redirect" title="Prijevoz">Prijevoz</a> je potpuno unaprijeđen uvođenjem kotača. Točno podrijetlo kotača nije poznato, ali nakon otprilike 3500. pr. Kr. nalazimo prikaze prijevoza pomoću kotača na <a href="/wiki/Keramika" title="Keramika">keramici</a> i drugim oblicima <a href="/wiki/Umjetnost" title="Umjetnost">umjetnosti</a>. Prvi su kotači bili načinjeni od drveta, uglavnom od tri povezana komada drveta. Činjenica da je isti oblik kotača korišten širom svijeta tijekom mnogih stoljeća ukazuje na to da se ta tehnika prenosila iz jednog izvora, vjerojatno iz <a href="/wiki/Drevna_Mezopotamija" title="Drevna Mezopotamija">drevne Mezopotamije</a>. Kotač nije svuda koristan i njegova praktična uporaba jako ovisi o raspoloživosti dobrih <a href="/wiki/Cesta" title="Cesta">cesta</a>. Američki su narodi poznavali kotač (dječje igračke), ali zbog neravnosti terena i nedostatka velikih <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivotinja" class="mw-redirect" title="Životinja">životinja</a> za vuču nije imao praktičnu ulogu. U sjevernoj su Africi stoljećima mnogo prikladnije bile karavane <a href="/wiki/Deva" class="mw-redirect" title="Deva">deva</a> nego kola s kotačima.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota%C4%8D&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota%C4%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <b>kotač</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=33442">[1]</a>, "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gasser, Aleksander: "World's Oldest Wheel Found in Slovenia" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ukom.gov.si/en/media_relations/background_information/culture/worlds_oldest_wheel_found_in_slovenia/">[2]</a> &#8194;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120714033224/http://www.ukom.gov.si/en/media_relations/background_information/culture/worlds_oldest_wheel_found_in_slovenia/">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a>&#32;od 14. srpnja 2012. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), March 2003, Government Communication Office of the Republic of Slovenia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Basalla, G.: "The Evolution of Technology", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_poveznice">Vanjske poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota%C4%8D&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Vanjske poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota%C4%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tehnika.lzmk.hr/kotac/">Kotač</a> Hrvatska tehnička enciklopedija, portal hrvatske tehničke baštine. <a href="/wiki/LZMK" class="mw-redirect" title="LZMK">LZMK</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐559c9fd9f4‐sftvp Cached time: 20241126124126 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.055 seconds Real time usage: 0.356 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 256/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1295/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 489/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2744/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 32.728 1 -total 78.25% 25.611 1 Predložak:Izvori 30.83% 10.089 1 Predložak:Webarchive 21.47% 7.026 1 Predložak:HTE 10.88% 3.561 1 Predložak:DatumFormat 5.57% 1.823 1 Predložak:If_then_show --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key hrwiki:pcache:51154:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241126124126 and revision id 7056627. 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