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Salem</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Benamara Salem"> <meta name="keywords" content="Benamara Salem"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Benamara Salem"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 148</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Benamara Salem</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Spectrophotometric Determination of L-Dopa in Germinated and Non-Germinated Broad Beans (Vicia faba L.) and Chickpea (Cicer aritinum L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wissame%20Gouigah">Wissame Gouigah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Medellel"> Amina Medellel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Trachi"> Mahmoud Trachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djedjiga%20Benamara"> Djedjiga Benamara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Benamara"> Salem Benamara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this work is to investigate, by UV/VIS spectrophotometry, the distribution of L-dopa, known as precursor of dopamine which is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, in broad beans (Vicia faba) (Vf) and chickpea (Cicer aritinum L.) (CA). In the case of Vf, the different organs were analyzed separately: 1) First, in the fresh state: pod (GF), cotyledons (CF), green shell (EF) and placenta (PF) which is the organ through which the seed is attached to the pod, 2) in the dry state (S): peel of the dry seed (ES) and cotyledons (CS), and 3) in the germinated state: peel (EGe), cotyledons (CGe) and germ (GeVf). Results showed that the content of L-dopa is unevenly distributed between different parts of fresh Vf. But the most important result concerns the predominance of L-dopa in placenta with an L-dopa content (~ 60 mg/g of wet weight, ww) sometimes 7-fold higher (p≤0.05) than those of other considered parts of fresh Vf. In the case of CA, the L-dopa concentration in germinated gains was higher than those found in all analyzed Vf organs, excepted PF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broad%20bean%20%28Vicia%20faba%20L.%29" title="broad bean (Vicia faba L.)">broad bean (Vicia faba L.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chickpea%20%28Cicer%20aritinum%20L.%29" title=" chickpea (Cicer aritinum L.)"> chickpea (Cicer aritinum L.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-dopa" title=" L-dopa"> L-dopa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parkinson%20disease" title=" Parkinson disease"> Parkinson disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placenta" title=" placenta"> placenta</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42205/spectrophotometric-determination-of-l-dopa-in-germinated-and-non-germinated-broad-beans-vicia-faba-l-and-chickpea-cicer-aritinum-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> New Methodology for Monitoring Alcoholic Fermentation Processes Using Refractometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukhiar%20Aissa">Boukhiar Aissa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iguergaziz%20Nadia"> Iguergaziz Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halladj%20Fatima"> Halladj Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamrani%20Yasmina"> Lamrani Yasmina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamara%20Salem"> Benamara Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Determining the alcohol content in alcoholic fermentation bioprocess has a great importance. In fact, it is a key indicator for monitoring this fermentation bioprocess. Several methodologies (chemical, spectrophotometric, chromatographic...) are used to the determination of this parameter. However, these techniques are very long and require: rigorous preparations, sometimes dangerous chemical reagents, and/or expensive equipment. In the present study, the date juice is used as a substrate of alcoholic fermentation. The extracted juice undergoes an alcoholic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The study of the possible use of refractometry as a sole means for the in situ control of this process revealed a good correlation (R2 = 0.98) between initial and final ° Brix: ° Brix f = 0.377× ° Brixi. In addition, we verified the relationship between the variation in final and initial ° Brix (Δ ° Brix) and alcoholic rate produced (A exp): CΔ° Brix / A exp = 1.1. This allows the tracing of abacus isoresponses that permit to determine the alcoholic and residual sugar rates with a mean relative error (MRE) of 5.35%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractometry" title="refractometry">refractometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title=" alcohol"> alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20sugar" title=" residual sugar"> residual sugar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brix" title=" brix"> brix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=date" title=" date"> date</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=juice" title=" juice "> juice </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3201/new-methodology-for-monitoring-alcoholic-fermentation-processes-using-refractometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Application of Refractometric Methodology for Simultaneous Determination of Alcohol and Residual Sugar Concentrations during Alcoholic Fermentation Bioprocess of Date Juice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukhiar%20Aissa">Boukhiar Aissa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halladj%20Fatima"> Halladj Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iguergaziz%20Nadia"> Iguergaziz Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamrani%20yasmina"> Lamrani yasmina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamara%20Salem"> Benamara Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Determining the alcohol content in alcoholic fermentation bioprocess is of great importance. In fact, it is a key indicator for monitoring this bioprocess. Several methodologies (chemical, spectrophotometric, chromatographic) are used to the determination of this parameter. However, these techniques are very long and they require: rigorous preparations, sometimes dangerous chemical reagents and/or expensive equipment. In the present study, the date juice is used as the substrate of alcoholic fermentation. The extracted juice undergoes an alcoholic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The study of the possible use of refractometry as a sole means for the in situ control of alcoholic fermentation revealed a good correlation (R2=0.98) between initial and final °Brix: °Brixf=0.377×°Brixi. In addition, the relationship between Δ°Brix and alcoholic content of the final product (A,%) has been determined: Δ°Brix/A=1.1. The obtained results allowed us to establish iso-responses abacus, which can be used for the determination of alcohol and residual sugar content, with a mean relative error (MRE) of 5.35%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcoholic%20fermentation" title="alcoholic fermentation">alcoholic fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=date%20juice" title=" date juice"> date juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractometry" title=" refractometry"> refractometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20sugar" title=" residual sugar"> residual sugar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2808/application-of-refractometric-methodology-for-simultaneous-determination-of-alcohol-and-residual-sugar-concentrations-during-alcoholic-fermentation-bioprocess-of-date-juice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Influence of the Compression Force and Powder Particle Size on Some Physical Properties of Date (Phoenix dactylifera) Tablets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djemaa%20Megdoud">Djemaa Megdoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messaoud%20Boudaa"> Messaoud Boudaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Ouamrane"> Fatima Ouamrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Benamara"> Salem Benamara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the compression of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit powders (DP) to obtain date tablets (DT) has been suggested as a promising form of valorization of non commercial valuable date fruit (DF) varieties. To further improve and characterize DT, the present study aims to investigate the influence of the DP particle size and compression force on some physical properties of DT. The results show that independently of particle size, the hardness (y) of tablets increases with the increase of the compression force (x) following a logarithmic law (y = a ln (bx) where a and b are the constants of model). Further, a full factorial design (FFD) at two levels, applied to investigate the erosion %, reveals that the effects of time and particle size are the same in absolute value and they are beyond the effect of the compression. Regarding the disintegration time, the obtained results also by means of a FFD show that the effect of the compression force exceeds 4 times that of the DP particle size. As final stage, the color parameters in the CIELab system of DT immediately after their obtaining are differently influenced by the size of the initial powder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder" title="powder">powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tablets" title=" tablets"> tablets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=date%20%28Phoenix%20dactylifera%20L.%29" title=" date (Phoenix dactylifera L.)"> date (Phoenix dactylifera L.)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion" title=" erosion"> erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disintegration%20time" title=" disintegration time"> disintegration time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color" title=" color"> color</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16986/influence-of-the-compression-force-and-powder-particle-size-on-some-physical-properties-of-date-phoenix-dactylifera-tablets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> The Analogue of a Property of Pisot Numbers in Fields of Formal Power Series</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wiem%20Gadri">Wiem Gadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study delves into the intriguing properties of Pisot and Salem numbers within the framework of formal Laurent series over finite fields, a domain where these numbers’ spectral charac-teristics, Λm(β) and lm(β), have yet to be fully explored. Utilizing a methodological approach that combines algebraic number theory with the analysis of power series, we extend the foundational work of Erdos, Joo, and Komornik to this new setting. Our research uncovers bounds for lm(β), revealing how these depend on the degree of the minimal polynomial of β and thus offering a novel characterization of Pisot and Salem formal power series. The findings significantly contribute to our understanding of these numbers, highlighting their distribution and properties in the context of formal power series. This investigation not only bridges number theory with formal power series analysis but also sets the stage for further interdisciplinary research in these areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pisot%20numbers" title="Pisot numbers">Pisot numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20numbers" title=" Salem numbers"> Salem numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20power%20series" title=" formal power series"> formal power series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=over%20a%20finite%20field" title=" over a finite field"> over a finite field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147057/the-analogue-of-a-property-of-pisot-numbers-in-fields-of-formal-power-series" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Aspectual Verbs in Modern Standard Arabic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasir%20Alotaibi">Yasir Alotaibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to discuss the syntactic analysis of aspectual or phasal verbs in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Aspectual or phasal verbs refer to a class of verbs that require a verbal complement and denote the inception, duration, termination ...etc. of a state or event. This paper will discuss two groups of aspectual verbs in MSA. The first group includes verbs such as ̆gacala, tafiqa, ?akhatha, ?ansha?a, sharaca and bada?a and these verbs are used to denote the inception of an event. The second group includes verbs such as ?awshaka, kaada and karaba and the meaning of these verbs is equivalent to be near/almost . The following examples illustrate the use of the verb bada?a ‘begin’ which is from the first group: a. saalim-un bada?a yuthaakiru. Salem-NOM begin.PFV.3SGM study.IPFV.3SGM ‘Salem began to study’ b.*saalim-un bada?a ?an yuthaakiru. Salem-NOM begin.PFV.3SGM COMP study.IPFV.3SGM ‘Salem began to study’ The example in (1a) is grammatical because the aspectual verb is used with a verbal complement that is not introduced by a complementizer. In contrast, example (1b) is not grammatical because the verbal complement is introduced by the complementizer ?an ‘that’. In contrast, the following examples illustrate the use of the verb kaada ‘be almost’ which is from the second group. However, the two examples are grammatical and this means that the verbal complement of this verb can be without (as in example (2a)) or with ( as in example (2b)) a complementizer. (2) a. saalim-un kaada yuthaakiru. Salem-NOM be.almost.PFV.3SGM study.IPFV.3SGM ‘Salem was almost to study’ b. saalim-un kaada ?an yuthaakiru. Salem-NOM be.almost.PFV.3SGM COMP study.IPFV.3SGM ‘Salem was almost to study’ The salient properties of this class of verbs are that they require a verbal complement, there is no a complementizer that can introduce the complement with the first group while it is possible with the second and the aspectual verb and the embedded verb share and agree with the same subject. To the best of knowledge, aspectual verbs in MSA are discussed in traditional grammar only and have not been studied in modern syntactic theories. This paper will consider the analysis of aspectual verbs in MSA within the Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) framework. It will use some evidence such as modifier or negation to find out whether these verbs have PRED values and head their f-structures or they form complex predicates with their complements. If aspectual verbs show the properties of heads, then the paper will explore what kind of heads they are. In particular, they should be raising or control verbs. The paper will use some tests such as agreement, selectional restrictions...etc. to find out what kind of verbs they are. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspectual%20verbs" title="aspectual verbs">aspectual verbs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biclausal" title=" biclausal"> biclausal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monoclausal" title=" monoclausal"> monoclausal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=raising" title=" raising"> raising</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180569/aspectual-verbs-in-modern-standard-arabic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Biomonitoring of Marine Environment by Using a Bioindicator Donax trunculus (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from the Gulf of Annaba (Algeria): Biomarkers Responses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Sifi">Karima Sifi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Soltani"> Noureddine Soltani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Annaba gulf is the most important touristic and economic area located on the east coast of Algeria. However, these fishery resources are threatened by the pollution due to the progress of economic activity. As part of a biomonitoring program on the quality of waters of the Gulf of Annaba, the specific activity of two biomarkers, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathion S-transferase (GST) has been measured in edible bivalve Donax trunculus. The samples have been collected during the year 2013 in two sites: El Battah, distant from polluted sources, and Sidi Salem, located near the harbor and different industrial waste. The results showed a significant inhibition of AChE activity and a significant increase in the activity of the GST in samples collected from Sidi Salem as compared to El Battah. The inhibition of the AChE and the increase of the GST in Sidi Salem are in relation with the level of exposition of this site to the pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donax%20trunculus" title="Donax trunculus">Donax trunculus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annaba%20gulf" title=" annaba gulf"> annaba gulf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetylcholinesterase" title=" acetylcholinesterase"> acetylcholinesterase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glutathion%20s-transferase" title=" glutathion s-transferase"> glutathion s-transferase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomonitoring" title=" biomonitoring"> biomonitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31216/biomonitoring-of-marine-environment-by-using-a-bioindicator-donax-trunculus-mollusca-bivalvia-from-the-gulf-of-annaba-algeria-biomarkers-responses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31216.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Assay of Formulation of Fresh Cheese Using Lemon and Orange Juices as Clotting Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Bouchouka">F. Bouchouka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Benamara"> S. Benamara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work is an attempt to prepare a fresh cheese using lemon juice and lemon juice / orange juice mixture as acidifying / clotting agents. A reference cheese is obtained by acidification with commercial vinegar. The analysis performed on the final product (fat, cheese yield, sensory analysis, rheological and bacteriological properties) confirmed the technical feasibility of a natural cheese, using a lemon juice and / or lemon juice / orange juice mixture as acidifying / clotting agents. In addition, a general acceptance test allowed to select the cheese sample acidified with lemon juice as the best, compared to the two other samples (lemon juice/orange juice acidification and commercial vinegar acidification). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clotting%20agent" title="clotting agent">clotting agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fresh%20cheese" title=" fresh cheese"> fresh cheese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=juice" title=" juice"> juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lemon" title=" lemon"> lemon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orange" title=" orange"> orange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41937/assay-of-formulation-of-fresh-cheese-using-lemon-and-orange-juices-as-clotting-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Compositional and Morphological Characteristics of Three Common Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Grown in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Amellal">H. Amellal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Noui"> Y. Noui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Djouab"> A. Djouab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Benamara"> S. Benamara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mech-Degla, Degla-Beida, and Frezza are the date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) common varieties with a more or less good availability and feeble trade value. Some morphologic and physicochemical factors were determined. Results show that the whole date weight is significantly different (P= 95%) concerning Mech-Degla and Degla-Beida which are more commercialised than Frezza whereas the pulp/kernel ratio for this last is highest (above 7) since it represents almost the double of that found for the two other varieties. The water content for all fruits is below 15g/100g (wet basis) what confers a dried consistence for common date. Some other morphologic and chemical proprieties of the whole pulps and their two constitutive parts (brown or pigmented and white) are also investigated. The predominance of phenolics in Mech-Degla (4.01g/100g, w.b) and Frezza (4.96 g/100g, w.b) pulps brown part is the main result revealed in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common%20dates" title="common dates">common dates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolics" title=" phenolics"> phenolics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugars" title=" sugars"> sugars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissues" title=" tissues"> tissues</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16455/compositional-and-morphological-characteristics-of-three-common-dates-phoenix-dactylifera-l-grown-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Investigating the Urban Heat Island Phenomenon in A Desert City Aiming at Sustainable Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afifa%20Mohammed">Afifa Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20Pignatta"> Gloria Pignatta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mattheos%20Santamouris"> Mattheos Santamouris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelia%20Topriska"> Evangelia Topriska </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change is one of the global challenges that is exacerbated by the rapid growth of urbanizations. Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon can be considered as an effect of the urbanization and it is responsible together with the Climate change of the overheating of urban cities and downtowns. The purpose of this paper is to quantify and perform analysis of UHI Intensity in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE), through checking the relationship between the UHI and different meteorological parameters (e.g., temperature, winds speed, winds direction). Climate data were collected from three meteorological stations in Dubai (e.g., Dubai Airport - Station 1, Al-Maktoum Airport - Station 2 and Saih Al-Salem - Station 3) for a period of five years (e.g., 2014 – 2018) based upon hourly rates, and following clustering technique as one of the methodology tools of measurements. The collected data of each station were divided into six clusters upon the winds directions, either from the seaside or from the desert side, or from the coastal side which is in between both aforementioned winds sources, to investigate the relationship between temperature degrees and winds speed values through UHI measurements for Dubai Airport - Station 1 compared with the same of Al-Maktoum Airport - Station 2. In this case, the UHI value is determined by the temperature difference of both stations, where Station 1 is considered as located in an urban area and Station 2 is considered as located in a suburban area. The same UHI calculations has been applied for Al-Maktoum Airport - Station 2 and Saih Salem - Station 3 where Station 2 is considered as located in an urban area and Station 3 is considered as located in a suburban area. The performed analysis aims to investigate the relation between the two environmental parameters (e.g., Temperature and Winds Speed) and the Urban Heat Island (UHI) intensity when the wind comes from the seaside, from the desert, and the remaining directions. The analysis shows that the correlation between the temperatures with both UHI intensity (e.g., temperature difference between Dubai Airport - Station 1 and Saih Al-Salem - Station 3 and between Al-Maktoum Airport - Station 2 and Saih Al-Salem - Station 3 (through station 1 & 2) is strong and has a negative relationship when the wind is coming from the seaside comparing between the two stations 1 and 2, while the relationship is almost zero (no relation) when the wind is coming from the desert side. The relation is independent between the two parameters, e.g., temperature and UHI, on Station 2, during the same procedures, the correlation between the urban heat island UHI phenomenon and wind speed is weak for both stations when wind direction is coming from the seaside comparing the station 1 and 2, while it was found that there’s no relationship between urban heat island phenomenon and wind speed when wind direction is coming from desert side. The conclusion could be summarized saying that the wind coming from the seaside or from the desert side have a different effect on UHI, which is strongly affected by meteorological parameters. The output of this study will enable more determination of UHI phenomenon under desert climate, which will help to inform about the UHI phenomenon and intensity and extract recommendations in two main categories such as planning of new cities and designing of buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meteorological%20data" title="meteorological data">meteorological data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subtropical%20desert%20climate" title=" subtropical desert climate"> subtropical desert climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20climate" title=" urban climate"> urban climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heat%20island%20%28UHI%29" title=" urban heat island (UHI)"> urban heat island (UHI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119871/investigating-the-urban-heat-island-phenomenon-in-a-desert-city-aiming-at-sustainable-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Evaluation of Activity of Anacyclus Pyrethrum Methanolic Extract on Acute Inflammation Induced in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Bouamra">Dalila Bouamra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chekib%20Arslane%20Baki"> Chekib Arslane Baki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Bouchebour"> Abdelhamid Bouchebour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatiha%20Koussa"> Fatiha Koussa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Benamara"> Amel Benamara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seoussen%20Kada"> Seoussen Kada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The activity of methanolic extract from Anacyclus pyrethrum was evaluated using λ-carrageenan 1% induced paw edema in Wistar Albinos rats. The oral administration of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg, body weight of methanolic extract, one hour before induction of inflammation, exerted a significant inhibition effect of 47%, 57% and 62% respectively after 4h λ-carrageenan treatment and highly significant inhibition effect of 57%, 66% and 75% respectively after 8h λ-carrageenan treatment, compared to non treated group (100%) and that treated with aspirin, a standard anti-inflammatory drug. On the other hand, the effect of the plant extract on stomach was macroscopically and microscopically studied. The plant extract has an impact on the loss ratio of granulocytes that have invaded the stomach after a period of inflammation at a dose of 600 mg/kg body weight. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title="inflammation">inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anacyclus%20pyrethrum" title=" Anacyclus pyrethrum"> Anacyclus pyrethrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastritis" title=" gastritis"> gastritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wistar%20Albinos%20rats" title=" Wistar Albinos rats"> Wistar Albinos rats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17054/evaluation-of-activity-of-anacyclus-pyrethrum-methanolic-extract-on-acute-inflammation-induced-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Yeasts Associated to Spontaneous Date Vinegar Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Halladj">F. Halladj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Amellal"> H. Amellal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Benamara"> S. Benamara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current consumer trends go towards natural products defined as the products obtained by a traditional manufacturing method. Vinegar is one of those products marketed; it may be industrially obtained by a submerged (fast) or traditional (slow) processes. The latter exhibited a high quality because of its complex microbiological transformations (or two-stage fermentation) by the native must flora. Moreover, although that Acetic acid bacteria have traditionally been considered to play the leading role in vinegar production, some studies have recently highlighted that also yeasts metabolism can affect traditional vinegar chemical properties in a remarkable way. Thus, the aim of this study was to monitor a traditional slow process of vinegar as applied in the south of Algeria using date with hard texture (Degla-Beida variety) to isolate and identify the involved yeasts in order to select them as starter culture. Phenotypic and molecular analysis show that the non-Saccharomyces were the main yeasts species isolated throughout the alcoholic spontaneous fermentation and they included Hanseniaspora guilliermondii and Torulaspora delbrueckii. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=date%20vinegar" title="date vinegar">date vinegar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20production" title=" traditional production"> traditional production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeasts" title=" yeasts"> yeasts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phenotypic" title=" Phenotypic"> Phenotypic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria "> Algeria </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25481/yeasts-associated-to-spontaneous-date-vinegar-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Automatic Approach for Estimating the Protection Elements of Electric Power Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Mohammad%20Salem%20Al-Suod">Mahmoud Mohammad Salem Al-Suod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ushkarenko%20O.%20Alexander"> Ushkarenko O. Alexander</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorogan%20I.%20Olga"> Dorogan I. Olga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> New algorithms using microprocessor systems have been proposed for protection the diesel-generator unit in autonomous power systems. The software structure is designed to enhance the control automata of the system, in which every protection module of diesel-generator encapsulates the finite state machine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diesel-generator%20unit" title="diesel-generator unit">diesel-generator unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20diagram" title=" state diagram"> state diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20system" title=" control system"> control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm" title=" algorithm"> algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20components" title=" software components"> software components</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41588/automatic-approach-for-estimating-the-protection-elements-of-electric-power-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> The Influence of Incorporating Coffee Grounds on Enhancing the Engineering Properties of Expansive Soils: Experimental Approach and Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bencheikh%20Messaouda">Bencheikh Messaouda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aidoud%20Assia"> Aidoud Assia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salima%20Boukour"> Salima Boukour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamara%20Fatima%20Zohra"> Benamara Fatima Zohra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boukhatem%20Ghania"> Boukhatem Ghania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zegueur%20Chaouki%20Salah%20Eddine"> Zegueur Chaouki Salah Eddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The utilization of waste materials in civil engineering has gained widespread attention in recent years due to their adverse effects on the environment. One such waste material is coffee grounds, a black residue generated daily across the country after coffee brewing. Instead of disposing of it, there is a growing interest in repurposing it for various agricultural and industrial applications. Utilizing coffee grounds in geotechnical engineering, such as in road embankments, presents an opportunity for its valorization. The study aims to contribute to the valorization of coffee grounds by enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of clayey soils through their incorporation at varying weight percentages (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%) as partial replacements in these soils. This not only addresses the issue of coffee ground waste but also makes a tangible contribution to sustainable development. The findings demonstrate that incorporating coffee grounds generally has positive effects on the physical and mechanical properties of clayey soil. However, the extent of these effects depends on factors such as the quantity of coffee grounds added, the particle size of the grounds, and the characteristics of the soil. Additionally, coffee grounds can improve the compression and tensile strength of clayey soil, resulting in increased stability and reduced susceptibility to deformation under external forces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20soil" title="clay soil">clay soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coffee%20grounds" title=" coffee grounds"> coffee grounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimizing" title=" optimizing"> optimizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improvement" title=" improvement"> improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title=" valorization"> valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185913/the-influence-of-incorporating-coffee-grounds-on-enhancing-the-engineering-properties-of-expansive-soils-experimental-approach-and-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Experimental Study on Temperature Splitting of a Counter-Flow Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hany.%20A.%20Mohamed">Hany. A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Attalla"> M. Attalla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salem"> M. Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20M.%20Mghrabie"> Hussein M. Mghrabie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Specht"> E. Specht</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experiment al investigation is made to determine the effects of the nozzle dimensions and the inlet pressure on the heating and cooling performance of the counter flow Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube when air used as a working fluid. The all results were taking under inlet pressures were adjusted from 200 kPa to 600 kPa with 100 kPa increments. The conventional tangential generator with number of nuzzle of 6 was used and inner diameter of 7.5 mm. During the experiments, a vortex tube is used with an L/D ratio varied from 10 to 30. Finally, it is observed that the effect of the nuzzle aspect ratio on the energy separation changes according to the value of L/D. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranque-Hilsch" title="Ranque-Hilsch">Ranque-Hilsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20tube" title=" vortex tube"> vortex tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspect%20ratio" title=" aspect ratio"> aspect ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20separation" title=" energy separation "> energy separation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20897/experimental-study-on-temperature-splitting-of-a-counter-flow-ranque-hilsch-vortex-tube" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Teaching the Binary System via Beautiful Facts from the Real Life</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Ben%20Said">Salem Ben Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent times the decimal number system to which we are accustomed has received serious competition from the binary number system. In this note, an approach is suggested to teaching and learning the binary number system using examples from the real world. More precisely, we will demonstrate the utility of the binary system in describing the optimal strategy to win the Chinese Nim game, and in telegraphy by decoding the hidden message on Perseverance’s Mars parachute written in the language of binary system. Finally, we will answer the question, “why do modern computers prefer the ternary number system instead of the binary system?”. All materials are provided in a format that is conductive to classroom presentation and discussion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20number%20system" title="binary number system">binary number system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nim%20game" title=" Nim game"> Nim game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telegraphy" title=" telegraphy"> telegraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computers%20prefer%20the%20ternary%20system" title=" computers prefer the ternary system"> computers prefer the ternary system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143278/teaching-the-binary-system-via-beautiful-facts-from-the-real-life" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> The Use of Metformin in Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Glucose Control in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) at Tripoli Medical Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebtisam%20A.%20Benomran">Ebtisam A. Benomran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrauf%20M.%20Gusbi"> Abdurrauf M. Gusbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malak%20S.%20Elazarg"> Malak S. Elazarg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sultan"> M. Sultan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Layla%20M.%20Kafu"> Layla M. Kafu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arwa%20M.%20Matoug"> Arwa M. Matoug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esra%20E.%20Benamara"> Esra E. Benamara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Normal pregnancy is associated with metabolic changes leading to decreased insulin sensitivity and reduced glucose tolerance, however, 3-5% of pregnant women proceed to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Researcher studied the use of metformin in many fields and the benefit to risk balance of using metformin during pregnancy and the risk of fetotoxic. In this study we examined the use of Metformin to control Glucose in pregnant Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and evaluate its safety use during the first trimester of pregnancy.A group of pregnant patients with gestational diabetes mellitus from the first trimester of pregnancy, non smoking with no family history of congenital malformation disease, aged between (20-45 years) and have no liver diseases and who had indicating good compliance at more than one visit over several month until delivery put on Metformin were participated in this trial. Our study shown that all the studied group of pregnant women using metformin 500 mg daily delivered a healthy babies. Meta-analysis by mother risk program showed no increase in incidence of malformations by use Metformin during the first trimester of pregnancy. A hundred outpatients were participated in the survey on the general knowledge and awareness of diabetic patients to their illness and medication used their aged between 20-40 years old. In this survey we realize that 90% of the doctors are not giving the patient full information about their illness and the use of metformin during pregnancy, also about 65% of the patients did not know about the nutritionist in the hospital and the right control diet for diabetes. Courses on first aid, rapid diagnosis of poisoning and follow the written procedures to dealing with such cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gestational%20diabetes" title="gestational diabetes">gestational diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malformations" title=" malformations"> malformations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metformin" title=" metformin"> metformin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19904/the-use-of-metformin-in-treatment-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-and-glucose-control-in-pregnant-women-with-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-gdm-at-tripoli-medical-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Variations of Testing Concrete Mechanical Properties by European Standard and American Code</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Seyam">Ahmed M. Seyam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rita%20Nemes"> Rita Nemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Georges%20Nehme"> Salem Georges Nehme</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Europe and the United States have a worldwide significance in the field of concrete control and construction; according to that, a lot of countries adopted their standards and regulations in the concrete field, as proof of the Europe and US strong standards and due to lack of own regulations. The main controlled property of concrete are the compressive strength, flexure tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity as it relates both to its bearing capacity and to the durability of the elements built with it, so in this paper, ASTM standard and EN standards method of testing those properties were put under the microscope to compare the variations between them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASTM" title=" ASTM"> ASTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EU%20standards" title=" EU standards"> EU standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20elasticity" title=" modulus of elasticity"> modulus of elasticity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151902/variations-of-testing-concrete-mechanical-properties-by-european-standard-and-american-code" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Semantic Data Schema Recognition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A%C3%AFcha%20Ben%20Salem">Aïcha Ben Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faouzi%20Boufares"> Faouzi Boufares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastiao%20Correia"> Sebastiao Correia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The subject covered in this paper aims at assisting the user in its quality approach. The goal is to better extract, mix, interpret and reuse data. It deals with the semantic schema recognition of a data source. This enables the extraction of data semantics from all the available information, inculding the data and the metadata. Firstly, it consists of categorizing the data by assigning it to a category and possibly a sub-category, and secondly, of establishing relations between columns and possibly discovering the semantics of the manipulated data source. These links detected between columns offer a better understanding of the source and the alternatives for correcting data. This approach allows automatic detection of a large number of syntactic and semantic anomalies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schema%20recognition" title="schema recognition">schema recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20data%20profiling" title=" semantic data profiling"> semantic data profiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-categorisation" title=" meta-categorisation"> meta-categorisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20dependencies%20inter%20columns" title=" semantic dependencies inter columns"> semantic dependencies inter columns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34129/semantic-data-schema-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> SOM Map vs Hopfield Neural Network: A Comparative Study in Microscopic Evacuation Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zouhour%20Neji%20Ben%20Salem">Zouhour Neji Ben Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microscopic evacuation focuses on the evacuee behavior and way of search of safety place in an egress situation. In recent years, several models handled microscopic evacuation problem. Among them, we have proposed Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as an alternative to mathematical models that can deal with such problem. In this paper, we present two ANN models: SOM map and Hopfield Network used to predict the evacuee behavior in a disaster situation. These models are tested in a real case, the second floor of Tunisian children hospital evacuation in case of fire. The two models are studied and compared in order to evaluate their performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-organization%20map" title=" self-organization map"> self-organization map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hopfield%20network" title=" hopfield network"> hopfield network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microscopic%20evacuation" title=" microscopic evacuation"> microscopic evacuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20building%20evacuation" title=" fire building evacuation"> fire building evacuation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27689/som-map-vs-hopfield-neural-network-a-comparative-study-in-microscopic-evacuation-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Seat Assignment Model for Student Admissions Process at Saudi Higher Education Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Salem%20Alzahrani">Mohammed Salem Alzahrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, student admission process is studied to optimize the assignment of vacant seats with three main objectives. Utilizing all vacant seats, satisfying all program of study admission requirements and maintaining fairness among all candidates are the three main objectives of the optimization model. Seat Assignment Method (SAM) is used to build the model and solve the optimization problem with help of Northwest Coroner Method and Least Cost Method. A closed formula is derived for applying the priority of assigning seat to candidate based on SAM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=admission%20process%20model" title="admission process model">admission process model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assignment%20problem" title=" assignment problem"> assignment problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungarian%20Method" title=" Hungarian Method"> Hungarian Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Least%20Cost%20Method" title=" Least Cost Method"> Least Cost Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Northwest%20Corner%20Method" title=" Northwest Corner Method"> Northwest Corner Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAM" title=" SAM"> SAM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13925/seat-assignment-model-for-student-admissions-process-at-saudi-higher-education-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Television and Virtual Public Sphere: A Study on Malayali Tribes in Salem District, Tamil Nadu</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Viduthalai">P. Viduthalai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Divakar"> A. K. Divakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Natarajan"> V. Natarajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Media is one of the powerful tools that manipulate the world in numerous aspects especially in the form of a communication process. For instance, the concept of the public sphere, which was earlier represented by landlords and elites has now transformed into a virtual public sphere, which is also represented by marginalized people. Unfortunately, this acquisition is still paradoxical. Though the media proliferation and its effects are humongous, still it has not been the same throughout the world. Inequality in access to media has created a technological divide among people. Finally, globalization and approach by the government towards using media for development communication has significantly changed the way in which the media reaches every nook and corner. Monarchy, oligarchy, republic and democracy together form the basis of most governments of the world. Of which, democracy is the one with the highest involvement and participation of the people. Ideally, the participation of the people is what, that keeps the democracy running. A healthy democracy is possible only when people are able to access information that makes citizens responsible and serves to check the functioning of their elected representatives. On one side the media consumption of people plays a crucial role in the formation of the public sphere, and on the other side, big media conglomerates are a serious threat to community participation, which is a goal that the media should strive for in a country like India. How different people consume these different media, differs greatly from length and breadth of the country. Another aspect of this media consumption is that it isn’t passive. People usage and consumption of media are related with the gratification that they derive from the particular media. This aspect varies from person to person and from society to society according to both internal and external factors. This article sets out from the most underlying belief that Malayali Tribes have adopted television and becomes a part of daily life and a day never passes without it especially after the introduction of Free Television Scheme by the past state government. Though they are living in hilly and socially isolated places, they too have started accessing media for understanding about the people of the plains and their culture, dictated by their interest. Many of these interests appear to have a social and psychological origin. The present research attempts to study how gratification of these needs lead Malayali Tribes to form such a virtual public sphere where they could communicate with people of the plains. Data was collected through survey method, from 300 respondents on “Exposure towards Television and their perception”. Conventional anthropological methods like unstructured interviews were also used to supplement the data collection efforts in the three taluks namely Yercaud, Pethanayankkanpalayam and Panamaraththuppatty in Salem district of TamilNadu. The results highlight the role of Television in gratifying needs of the Malayali Tribes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democracy" title="democracy">democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gratification" title=" gratification"> gratification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malayali%20Tribes%20and%20television" title=" Malayali Tribes and television"> Malayali Tribes and television</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20public%20sphere" title=" virtual public sphere"> virtual public sphere</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60336/television-and-virtual-public-sphere-a-study-on-malayali-tribes-in-salem-district-tamil-nadu" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Five Years Analysis and Mitigation Plans on Adjustment Orders Impacts on Projects in Kuwait's Oil and Gas Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rawan%20K.%20Al-Duaij">Rawan K. Al-Duaij</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20A.%20Al-Salem"> Salem A. Al-Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Projects, the unique and temporary process of achieving a set of requirements have always been challenging; Planning the schedule and budget, managing the resources and risks are mostly driven by a similar past experience or the technical consultations of experts in the matter. With that complexity of Projects in Scope, Time, and execution environment, Adjustment Orders are tools to reflect changes to the original project parameters after Contract signature. Adjustment Orders are the official/legal amendments to the terms and conditions of a live Contract. Reasons for issuing Adjustment Orders arise from changes in Contract scope, technical requirement and specification resulting in scope addition, deletion, or alteration. It can be as well a combination of most of these parameters resulting in an increase or decrease in time and/or cost. Most business leaders (handling projects in the interest of the owner) refrain from using Adjustment Orders considering their main objectives of staying within budget and on schedule. Success in managing the changes results in uninterrupted execution and agreed project costs as well as schedule. Nevertheless, this is not always practically achievable. In this paper, a detailed study through utilizing Industrial Engineering & Systems Management tools such as Six Sigma, Data Analysis, and Quality Control were implemented on the organization’s five years records of the issued Adjustment Orders in order to investigate their prevalence, and time and cost impact. The analysis outcome revealed and helped to identify and categorize the predominant causations with the highest impacts, which were considered most in recommending the corrective measures to reach the objective of minimizing the Adjustment Orders impacts. Data analysis demonstrated no specific trend in the AO frequency in past five years; however, time impact is more than the cost impact. Although Adjustment Orders might never be avoidable; this analysis offers’ some insight to the procedural gaps, and where it is highly impacting the organization. Possible solutions are concluded such as improving project handling team’s coordination and communication, utilizing a blanket service contract, and modifying the projects gate system procedures to minimize the possibility of having similar struggles in future. Projects in the Oil and Gas sector are always evolving and demand a certain amount of flexibility to sustain the goals of the field. As it will be demonstrated, the uncertainty of project parameters, in adequate project definition, operational constraints and stringent procedures are main factors resulting in the need for Adjustment Orders and accordingly the recommendation will be to address that challenge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjustment%20orders" title="adjustment orders">adjustment orders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20analysis" title=" data analysis"> data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas%20sector" title=" oil and gas sector"> oil and gas sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20management" title=" systems management"> systems management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99057/five-years-analysis-and-mitigation-plans-on-adjustment-orders-impacts-on-projects-in-kuwaits-oil-and-gas-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Importance-Implementation of Disability Management Practices in Hotels: The Moderating Effect of Team Orientation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakaria%20Elkhwesky">Zakaria Elkhwesky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam%20E.%20Salem"> Islam E. Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Barakat"> Mona Barakat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of disability management practices (DMPs) and the level of implementation from viewpoints of food and beverage (F & B) managers, F and B entry-level employees, working in F & B departments, and human resources (HRs) managers in five-star hotels in Egypt. It also examined the moderating effect of team orientation (TO) between the importance and the implementation. Data were collected from 400 participants. The correlation proved to be significant, moderate, and positive between the importance and the implementation of DMPs. More, the findings revealed that the relationship between the importance and the implementation is significantly more positive under the condition of a high encouragement of TO. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability%20management%20practices" title="disability management practices">disability management practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity%20management" title=" diversity management"> diversity management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20orientation" title=" team orientation"> team orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HR%20management" title=" HR management"> HR management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospitality" title=" hospitality"> hospitality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20tourism%20operations" title=" and tourism operations"> and tourism operations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117602/importance-implementation-of-disability-management-practices-in-hotels-the-moderating-effect-of-team-orientation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> A Fast GPS Satellites Signals Detection Algorithm Based on Simplified Fast Fourier Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beldjilali%20Bilal">Beldjilali Bilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benadda%20Belkacem"> Benadda Belkacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahlouche%20Salem"> Kahlouche Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the Doppler effect caused by the high velocity of satellite and in some case receivers, the frequency of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are transformed into a new ones. Several acquisition algorithms frequency of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are transformed can be used to estimate the new frequency and phase shifts values. Numerous algorithms are based on the frequencies domain calculation. Our developed algorithm is a new approach dedicated to the Global Positioning System signal acquisition based on the fast Fourier transform. Our proposed new algorithm is easier to implement and has fast execution time compared with elder ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20positioning%20system" title="global positioning system">global positioning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title=" acquisition"> acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FFT" title=" FFT"> FFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%2FL1" title=" GPS/L1"> GPS/L1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20receiver" title=" software receiver"> software receiver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weak%20signal" title=" weak signal"> weak signal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84390/a-fast-gps-satellites-signals-detection-algorithm-based-on-simplified-fast-fourier-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Mathematical Model That Using Scrambling and Message Integrity Methods in Audio Steganography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Salem%20Atoum">Mohammed Salem Atoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The success of audio steganography is to ensure imperceptibility of the embedded message in stego file and withstand any form of intentional or un-intentional degradation of message (robustness). Audio steganographic that utilized LSB of audio stream to embed message gain a lot of popularity over the years in meeting the perceptual transparency, robustness and capacity. This research proposes an XLSB technique in order to circumvent the weakness observed in LSB technique. Scrambling technique is introduce in two steps; partitioning the message into blocks followed by permutation each blocks in order to confuse the contents of the message. The message is embedded in the MP3 audio sample. After extracting the message, the permutation codebook is used to re-order it into its original form. Md5sum and SHA-256 are used to verify whether the message is altered or not during transmission. Experimental result shows that the XLSB performs better than LSB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XLSB" title="XLSB">XLSB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scrambling" title=" scrambling"> scrambling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audio%20steganography" title=" audio steganography"> audio steganography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42449/mathematical-model-that-using-scrambling-and-message-integrity-methods-in-audio-steganography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Graphene-Oxide-Supported Coal-Layered Double Hydroxides: Synthesis and Characterizations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaeel%20A.%20Al%20Thabaiti">Shaeel A. Al Thabaiti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20N.%20Basahel"> Sulaiman N. Basahel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20M.%20Bawaked"> Salem M. Bawaked</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mokhtar"> Mohamed Mokhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanosheets for cobalt-layered double hydroxide (Co-Al-LDH)/GO were successfully synthesized with different Co:M g:Al ratios (0:3:1, 1.5:1.5:1, and 3:0:1). The layered double hydroxide structure and morphology were determined using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Temperature prgrammed reduction (TPR) of Co-Al-LDH showed reduction peaks at lower temperature which indicates the ease reducibility of this particular sample. The thermal behaviour was studied using thermal graviemetric technique (TG), and the BET-surface area was determined using N2 physisorption at -196°C. The C-C coupling reaction was carried out over all the investigated catalysts. The Mg–Al LDH catalyst without Co ions is inactive, but the isomorphic substitution of Mg by Co ions (Co:Mg:Al = 1.5:1.5:1) in the cationic sheet resulted in 88% conversion of iodobenzene under reflux. LDH/GO hybrid is up to 2 times higher activity than for the unsupported LDH. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-precipitation" title=" co-precipitation"> co-precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layer%20double%20hydroxide" title=" layer double hydroxide"> layer double hydroxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67980/graphene-oxide-supported-coal-layered-double-hydroxides-synthesis-and-characterizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Removal of Tartrazine Dye Form Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption on the Surface of Polyaniline/Iron Oxide Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20Ali%20Jebreil">Salem Ali Jebreil </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, a polyaniline/Iron oxide (PANI/Fe2O3) composite was chemically prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline in acid medium, in presence of ammonium persulphate as an oxidant and amount of Fe2O3. The composite was characterized by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared composite has been used as adsorbent to remove Tartrazine dye form aqueous solutions. The effects of initial dye concentration and temperature on the adsorption capacity of PANI/Fe2O3 for Tartrazine dye have been studied in this paper. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models have been used for the mathematical description of adsorption equilibrium data. The best fit is obtained using the Freundlich isotherm with an R2 value of 0.998. The change of Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy of adsorption has been also evaluated for the adsorption of Tartrazine onto PANI/ Fe2O3. It has been proved according the results that the adsorption process is endothermic in nature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye" title=" dye"> dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyaniline" title=" polyaniline"> polyaniline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tartrazine" title=" tartrazine"> tartrazine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18322/removal-of-tartrazine-dye-form-aqueous-solutions-by-adsorption-on-the-surface-of-polyanilineiron-oxide-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> A Photovoltaic Micro-Storage System for Residential Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alia%20Al%20Nuaimi">Alia Al Nuaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Al%20Aberi"> Ayesha Al Aberi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiza%20Al%20Marzouqi"> Faiza Al Marzouqi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaikha%20Salem%20Ali%20Al%20Yahyaee"> Shaikha Salem Ali Al Yahyaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ala%20Hussein"> Ala Hussein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a PV micro-storage system for residential applications is proposed. The term micro refers to the size of the PV storage system, which is in the range of few kilo-watts, compared to the grid size (~GWs). Usually, in a typical load profile of a residential unit, two peak demand periods exist: one at morning and the other at evening time. The morning peak can be partly covered by the PV energy directly, while the evening peak cannot be covered by the PV alone. Therefore, an energy storage system that stores solar energy during daytime and use this stored energy when the sun is absent is a must. A complete design procedure including theoretical analysis followed by simulation verification and economic feasibility evaluation is addressed in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery" title="battery">battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title=" photovoltaic"> photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20shaving" title=" peak shaving"> peak shaving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43456/a-photovoltaic-micro-storage-system-for-residential-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> A Computational Cost-Effective Clustering Algorithm in Multidimensional Space Using the Manhattan Metric: Application to the Global Terrorism Database</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semeh%20Ben%20Salem">Semeh Ben Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Naouali"> Sami Naouali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moetez%20Sallami"> Moetez Sallami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing amount of collected data has limited the performance of the current analyzing algorithms. Thus, developing new cost-effective algorithms in terms of complexity, scalability, and accuracy raised significant interests. In this paper, a modified effective <em>k</em>-means based algorithm is developed and experimented. The new algorithm aims to reduce the computational load without significantly affecting the quality of the clusterings. The algorithm uses the City Block distance and a new stop criterion to guarantee the convergence. Conducted experiments on a real data set show its high performance when compared with the original <em>k</em>-means version. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title="pattern recognition">pattern recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20terrorism%20database" title=" global terrorism database"> global terrorism database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manhattan%20distance" title=" Manhattan distance"> Manhattan distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-means%20clustering" title=" k-means clustering"> k-means clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism%20data%20analysis" title=" terrorism data analysis"> terrorism data analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72016/a-computational-cost-effective-clustering-algorithm-in-multidimensional-space-using-the-manhattan-metric-application-to-the-global-terrorism-database" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamara%20Salem&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamara%20Salem&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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