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engineering</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Thermal engineering"> <meta name="keywords" content="Thermal engineering"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Thermal engineering"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6381</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Thermal engineering</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6081</span> Influences of Thermal Treatments on Dielectric Behaviors of Carbon Nanotubes-BaTiO₃ Hybrids Reinforced Polyvinylidene Fluoride Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benhui%20Fan">Benhui Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahmi%20Bedoui"> Fahmi Bedoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinbo%20Bai"> Jinbo Bai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Incorporated carbon nanotube-BaTiO₃ hybrids (H-CNT-BT) with core-shell structure, a better dispersion of CNTs can be achieved in a semi-crystalline polymeric matrix, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Carried by BT particles, CNTs are easy to mutually connect which helps to obtain an extremely low percolation threshold (fc). After thermal treatments, the dielectric constants (ε’) of samples further increase which depends on the conditions of thermal treatments such as annealing temperatures, annealing durations and cooling ways. Thus, in order to study more comprehensively about the influence of thermal treatments on composite’s dielectric behaviors, in situ synchrotron X-ray is used to detect re-crystalline behavior of PVDF. Results of wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) show that after the thermal treatment, the content of β polymorph (the polymorph with the highest ε’ among all the polymorphs of PVDF’s crystalline structure) has increased nearly double times at the interfacial region of CNT-PVDF, and the thickness of amorphous layers (La) in PVDF’s long periods (Lp) has shrunk around 10 Å. The evolution of CNT’s network possibly occurs in the procedure of La shrinkage, where the strong interfacial polarization may be aroused and increases ε’ at low frequency. Moreover, an increase in the thickness of crystalline lamella may also arouse more orientational polarization and improve ε’ at high frequency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title="dielectric properties">dielectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20treatments" title=" thermal treatments"> thermal treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotubes" title=" carbon nanotubes"> carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystalline%20structure" title=" crystalline structure"> crystalline structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79466/influences-of-thermal-treatments-on-dielectric-behaviors-of-carbon-nanotubes-batio3-hybrids-reinforced-polyvinylidene-fluoride-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6080</span> A Comparative Study of the Effects of Vibratory Stress Relief and Thermal Aging on the Residual Stress of Explosives Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuemei%20Yang">Xuemei Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Sun"> Xin Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng%20Fu"> Cheng Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiong%20Lan"> Qiong Lan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao%20Han"> Chao Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Residual stresses, which can be produced during the manufacturing process of plastic bonded explosive (PBX), play an important role in weapon system security and reliability. Residual stresses can and do change in service. This paper mainly studies the influence of vibratory stress relief (VSR) and thermal aging on residual stress of explosives. Firstly, the residual stress relaxation of PBX via different physical condition of VSR, such as vibration time, amplitude and dynamic strain, were studied by drill-hole technique. The result indicated that the vibratory amplitude, time and dynamic strain had a significant influence on the residual stress relief of PBX. The rate of residual stress relief of PBX increases first and then decreases with the increase of dynamic strain, amplitude and time, because the activation energy is too small to make the PBX yield plastic deformation at first. Then the dynamic strain, time and amplitude exceed a certain threshold, the residual stress changes show the same rule and decrease sharply, this sharply drop of residual stress relief rate may have been caused by over vibration. Meanwhile, the comparison between VSR and thermal aging was also studied. The conclusion is that the reduction ratio of residual stress after VSR process with applicable vibratory parameters could be equivalent to 73% of thermal aging with 7 days. In addition, the density attenuation rate, mechanical property, and dimensional stability with 3 months after VSR process was almost the same compared with thermal aging. However, compared with traditional thermal aging, VSR only takes a very short time, which greatly improves the efficiency of aging treatment for explosive materials. Therefore, the VSR could be a potential alternative technique in the industry of residual stress relaxation of PBX explosives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosives" title="explosives">explosives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title=" residual stresses"> residual stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20aging" title=" thermal aging"> thermal aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibratory%20stress%20relief" title=" vibratory stress relief"> vibratory stress relief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VSR" title=" VSR"> VSR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103733/a-comparative-study-of-the-effects-of-vibratory-stress-relief-and-thermal-aging-on-the-residual-stress-of-explosives-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6079</span> Sensitivity Analysis of the Thermal Properties in Early Age Modeling of Mass Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Danaei">Farzad Danaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yilmaz%20Akkaya"> Yilmaz Akkaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many civil engineering applications, especially in the construction of large concrete structures, the early age behavior of concrete has shown to be a crucial problem. The uneven rise in temperature within the concrete in these constructions is the fundamental issue for quality control. Therefore, developing accurate and fast temperature prediction models is essential. The thermal properties of concrete fluctuate over time as it hardens, but taking into account all of these fluctuations makes numerical models more complex. Experimental measurement of the thermal properties at the laboratory conditions also can not accurately predict the variance of these properties at site conditions. Therefore, specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient are two variables that are considered constant values in many of the models previously recommended. The proposed equations demonstrate that these two quantities are linearly decreasing as cement hydrates, and their value are related to the degree of hydration. The effects of changing the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity values on the maximum temperature and the time it takes for concrete to reach that temperature are examined in this study using numerical sensibility analysis, and the results are compared to models that take a fixed value for these two thermal properties. The current study is conducted in 7 different mix designs of concrete with varying amounts of supplementary cementitious materials (fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag). It is concluded that the maximum temperature will not change as a result of the constant conductivity coefficient, but variable specific heat capacity must be taken into account, also about duration when a concrete's central node reaches its max value again variable specific heat capacity can have a considerable effect on the final result. Also, the usage of GGBFS has more influence compared to fly ash. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early-age%20concrete" title="early-age concrete">early-age concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20concrete" title=" mass concrete"> mass concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20heat%20capacity" title=" specific heat capacity"> specific heat capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity%20coefficient" title=" thermal conductivity coefficient"> thermal conductivity coefficient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160001/sensitivity-analysis-of-the-thermal-properties-in-early-age-modeling-of-mass-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6078</span> Intensification of Process Kinetics for Conversion of Organic Volatiles into Syngas Using Non-Thermal Plasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Palash%20Kumar%20Mollick">Palash Kumar Mollick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leire%20Olazar"> Leire Olazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Santamaria"> Laura Santamaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Comendador"> Pablo Comendador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manomita%20Mollick"> Manomita Mollick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gartzen%20Lopez"> Gartzen Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Olazar"> Martin Olazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The entire world is skeptical towards a silver line technology of converting plastic waste into valuable synthetic gas. At this junction, besides an adequately studied conventional catalytic process for steam reforming, a non-thermal plasma is being introduced. Organic volatiles are produced in the first step, pyrolysing the plastic materials. Resultant lightweight olefins and carbon monoxide are the major components that undergo a steam reforming process to achieve syngas. A non-thermal plasma consists of ionized gases and free electrons with an electronic temperature as high as 10³ K. Organic volatiles are, in general, endorganics inactive and thus demand huge bond-breaking energy. Conventional catalyst is incapable of providing the required activation energy, leading to poor thermodynamic equilibrium, whereas a non-thermal plasma can actively collide with reactants to produce a rich mix of reactive species, including vibrationally or electronically excited molecules, radicals, atoms, and ions. In addition, non-thermal plasma provides nonequilibrium conditions leading to electric discharge only in certain degrees of freedom without affecting the intrinsic chemical conditions of the participating reactants and products. In this work, we report thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the conversion of organic volatiles into syngas using a non-thermal plasma. Detailed characteristics of plasma and its effect on the overall yield of the process will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20thermal%20plasma" title="non thermal plasma">non thermal plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20catalysis" title=" plasma catalysis"> plasma catalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20reforming" title=" steam reforming"> steam reforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syngas" title=" syngas"> syngas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20waste" title=" plastic waste"> plastic waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20energy" title=" green energy"> green energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172095/intensification-of-process-kinetics-for-conversion-of-organic-volatiles-into-syngas-using-non-thermal-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6077</span> Toward Sustainable Building Design in Hot and Arid Climate with Reference to Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Alwetaishi">M. Alwetaishi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most common and traditional strategies in architecture is to design buildings passively. This is a way to ensure low building energy reliance with respect to specific micro-building locations. There are so many ways where buildings can be designed passively, some of which are applying thermal insulation, thermal mass, courtyard and glazing to wall ratio. This research investigates the impact of each of these aspects with respect to the hot and dry climate of the capital of Riyadh. Thermal Analysis Simulation (TAS) will be utilized which is powered by Environmental Design Simulation Limited company (EDSL). It is considered as one of the most powerful tools to predict energy performance in buildings. There are three primary building designs and methods which are using courtyard, thermal mass and thermal insulation. The same building size and fabrication properties have been applied to all designs. Riyadh city which is the capital of the country was taken as a case study of the research. The research has taken into account various zone directions within the building as it has a large contribution to indoor energy and thermal performance. It is revealed that it is possible to achieve nearly zero carbon building in the hot and dry region in winter with minimum reliance on energy loads for building zones facing south, west and east. Moreover, using courtyard is more beneficial than applying construction materials into building envelope. Glazing to wall ratio is recommended to be 10% and not exceeding 30% in all directions in hot and arid regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20buildings" title="sustainable buildings">sustainable buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20and%20arid%20climates" title=" hot and arid climates"> hot and arid climates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20building%20design" title=" passive building design"> passive building design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90559/toward-sustainable-building-design-in-hot-and-arid-climate-with-reference-to-riyadh-city-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6076</span> Performance Investigation of Thermal Insulation Materials for Walls: A Case Study in Nicosia (Turkish Republic of North Cyprus) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Vafaei">L. Vafaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=McDominic%20Eze"> McDominic Eze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performance of thermal energy in homes and buildings is a significant factor in terms of energy efficiency of a building. In a large sense, the performance of thermal energy is dependent on many factors of which the amount of thermal insulation is at one end a considerable factor, as likewise the essence of mass and the wall thickness and also the thermal resistance of wall material. This study is aimed at illustrating the different wall system in Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (TRNC), acknowledge the problem and suggest a solution through comparing the effect of thermal radiation two model rooms- L1 (Ytong wall) and L2 (heat insulated wall using stone wool) set up for experimentation. The model room has four face walls. The study consists of two stage, the first test is to access the effect of solar radiation for south facing wall and the second stage is to test the thermal performance of Ytong and heat insulated wall, the effects of climatic condition during winter. The heat insulated wall contains material hollow brick, stone wool, and gypsum while the Ytong wall contains cement concrete, for the outer surface and the inner surface and Ytong stone. The total heat of the wall was determined, 7T-Type thermocouple was used with a data logger system to record the data, temperature change recorded at an interval of 10 minutes. The result obtained was that Ytong wall save more energy than the heat insulated wall at night while heat insulated wall saves energy during the day when intensity is at maximum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20insulation" title="heat insulation">heat insulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20bricks" title=" hollow bricks"> hollow bricks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=south%20facing" title=" south facing"> south facing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ytong%20bricks%20wall" title=" Ytong bricks wall"> Ytong bricks wall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54331/performance-investigation-of-thermal-insulation-materials-for-walls-a-case-study-in-nicosia-turkish-republic-of-north-cyprus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6075</span> Thermal Regeneration of CO2 Spent Palm Shell-Polyetheretherketone Activated Carbon Sorbents </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20D.%20Hamza">Usman D. Hamza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20S.%20Nasri"> Noor S. Nasri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Jibril"> Mohammed Jibril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husna%20M.%20Zain"> Husna M. Zain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Activated carbons (M4P0, M4P2, and M5P2) used in this research were produced from palm shell and polyetherether ketone (PEEK) via carbonization, impregnation, and microwave activation. The adsorption/desorption process was carried out using static volumetric adsorption. Regeneration is important in the overall economy of the process and waste minimization. This work focuses on the thermal regeneration of the CO2 exhausted microwave activated carbons. The regeneration strategy adopted was thermal with nitrogen purge desorption with N2 feed flow rate of 20 ml/min for 1 h at atmospheric pressure followed by drying at 1500C. Seven successive adsorption/regeneration processes were carried out on the material. It was found that after seven adsorption regeneration cycles; the regeneration efficiency (RE) for CO2 activated carbon from palm shell only (M4P0) was more than 90% while that of hybrid palm shell-PEEK (M4P2, M5P2) was above 95%. The cyclic adsorption and regeneration shows the stability of the adsorbent materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title="activated carbon">activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palm%20shell-PEEK" title=" palm shell-PEEK"> palm shell-PEEK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regeneration" title=" regeneration"> regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25253/thermal-regeneration-of-co2-spent-palm-shell-polyetheretherketone-activated-carbon-sorbents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6074</span> Cold Spray Coating and Its Application for High Temperature </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20Sidhu">T. S. Sidhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Amongst the existing coatings methods, the cold spray is new upcoming process to deposit coatings. As from the name itself, the cold spray coating takes place at very low temperature as compare to other thermal spray coatings. In all other thermal spray coating process the partial melting of the coating powder particles takes place before deposition, but cold spray process takes place in solid state. In cold spray process, the bonding of coating power with substrate is not metallurgical as in other thermal spray processes. Due to supersonic speed and less temperature of spray particles, solid state, dense, and oxide free coatings are produced. Due to these characteristics, the cold spray coatings have been used to protect the materials against hot corrosion. In the present study, the cold spray process, cold spray fundaments, its types, and its applications for high temperatures are discussed in the light of presently available literature. In addition, the assessment of cold spray with the competitive technologies has been conferred with available literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20spray%20coating" title="cold spray coating">cold spray coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20corrosion" title=" hot corrosion"> hot corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20spray%20coating" title=" thermal spray coating"> thermal spray coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-temperature%20materials" title=" high-temperature materials "> high-temperature materials </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89039/cold-spray-coating-and-its-application-for-high-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6073</span> Passive Solar Techniques to Improve Thermal Comfort and Reduce Energy Consumption of Domestic Use</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naci%20Kalkan">Naci Kalkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihsan%20Dagtekin"> Ihsan Dagtekin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Passive design responds to improve indoor thermal comfort and minimize the energy consumption. The present research analyzed the how efficiently passive solar technologies generate heating and cooling and provide the system integration for domestic applications. In addition to this, the aim of this study is to increase the efficiency of solar systems system with integration some innovation and optimization. As a result, outputs of the project might start a new sector to provide environmentally friendly and cheap cooling for domestic use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20solar%20systems" title="passive solar systems">passive solar systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilation%20systems" title=" ventilation systems"> ventilation systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49506/passive-solar-techniques-to-improve-thermal-comfort-and-reduce-energy-consumption-of-domestic-use" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49506.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6072</span> Research on Level Adjusting Mechanism System of Large Space Environment Simulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Xiao">Han Xiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Lei"> Zhang Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Hai"> Huang Hai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lv%20Shizeng"> Lv Shizeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Space environment simulator is a device for spacecraft test. KM8 large space environment simulator built in Tianjing Space City is the largest as well as the most advanced space environment simulator in China. Large deviation of spacecraft level will lead to abnormally work of the thermal control device in spacecraft during the thermal vacuum test. In order to avoid thermal vacuum test failure, level adjusting mechanism system is developed in the KM8 large space environment simulator as one of the most important subsystems. According to the level adjusting requirements of spacecraft’s thermal vacuum tests, the four fulcrums adjusting model is established. By means of collecting level instruments and displacement sensors data, stepping motors controlled by PLC drive four supporting legs simultaneous movement. In addition, a PID algorithm is used to control the temperature of supporting legs and level instruments which long time work under the vacuum cold and black environment in KM8 large space environment simulator during thermal vacuum tests. Based on the above methods, the data acquisition and processing, the analysis and calculation, real time adjustment and fault alarming of the level adjusting mechanism system are implemented. The level adjusting accuracy reaches 1mm/m, and carrying capacity is 20 tons. Debugging showed that the level adjusting mechanism system of KM8 large space environment simulator can meet the thermal vacuum test requirement of the new generation spacecraft. The performance and technical indicators of the level adjusting mechanism system which provides important support for the development of spacecraft in China have been ahead of similar equipment in the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20environment%20simulator" title="space environment simulator">space environment simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20vacuum%20test" title=" thermal vacuum test"> thermal vacuum test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20adjusting" title=" level adjusting"> level adjusting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spacecraft" title=" spacecraft"> spacecraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20mechanism" title=" parallel mechanism"> parallel mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69565/research-on-level-adjusting-mechanism-system-of-large-space-environment-simulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6071</span> Thermal Analysis and Optimization of a High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Toroidal Windings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Wan">Yuan Wan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shumei%20Cui"> Shumei Cui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaopeng%20Wu"> Shaopeng Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Toroidal windings were taken advantage of to reduce of axial length of the motor, so as to match the applications that have severe restrictions on the axial length. But slotting in the out edge of the stator will decrease the heat-dissipation capacity of the water cooling of the housing. Besides, the windings in the outer slots will increase the copper loss, which will further increase the difficult for heat dissipation of the motor. At present, carbon-fiber composite retaining sleeve are increasingly used to be mounted over the magnets to ensure the rotor strength at high speeds. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of carbon-fiber sleeve, the cooling of the rotor becomes very difficult, which may result in the irreversible demagnetization of magnets for the excessively high temperature. So it is necessary to analyze the temperature rise of such motor. This paper builds a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model of a toroidal-winding high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with water cooling of housing and forced air cooling of rotor. Thermal analysis was carried out based on the model and the factors that affects the temperature rise were investigated. Then thermal optimization for the prototype was achieved. Finally, a small-size prototype was manufactured and the thermal analysis results were verified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title="thermal analysis">thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20rise" title=" temperature rise"> temperature rise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toroidal%20windings" title=" toroidal windings"> toroidal windings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-speed%20PMSM" title=" high-speed PMSM"> high-speed PMSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77995/thermal-analysis-and-optimization-of-a-high-speed-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor-with-toroidal-windings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6070</span> Properties of Poly(Amide-Imide) with Low Residual Stress for Electronic Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwangin%20Kim">Kwangin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taewon%20Yoo"> Taewon Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haksoo%20Han"> Haksoo Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polyimide is a superior polymer in the electronics industry, and we conducted a study to synthesize poly(amide-imide) at low temperatures. Poly(amide-imide) was synthesized at low-temperature curing to offer a thermal stable membrane with low residual stress and good processability. As a result, the low crack polymer with good processability could be used to various applications such as semiconductors, integrated circuits, coating materials, membranes, and display. The synthesis of poly(amide-imide) at low temperatures was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermal stabilities of the polymer was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%28amide-imide%29" title="poly(amide-imide)">poly(amide-imide)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stability" title=" thermal stability"> thermal stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23349/properties-of-polyamide-imide-with-low-residual-stress-for-electronic-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6069</span> Simulation Study on Polymer Flooding with Thermal Degradation in Elevated-Temperature Reservoirs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Zhao">Lin Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanqiao%20Jiang"> Hanqiao Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junjian%20Li"> Junjian Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymers injected into elevated-temperature reservoirs inevitably suffer from thermal degradation, resulting in severe viscosity loss and poor flooding performance. However, for polymer flooding in such reservoirs, present simulators fail to provide accurate results for lack of description on thermal degradation. In light of this, the objectives of this paper are to provide a simulation model for polymer flooding with thermal degradation and study the effect of thermal degradation on polymer flooding in elevated-temperature reservoirs. Firstly, a thermal degradation experiment was conducted to obtain the degradation law of polymer concentration and viscosity. Different types of polymers degraded in the Thermo tank with elevated temperatures. Afterward, based on the obtained law, a streamline-assistant model was proposed to simulate the degradation process under in-situ flow conditions. Model validation was performed with field data from a well group of an offshore oilfield. Finally, the effect of thermal degradation on polymer flooding was studied using the proposed model. Experimental results showed that the polymer concentration remained unchanged, while the viscosity degraded exponentially with time after degradation. The polymer viscosity was functionally dependent on the polymer degradation time (PDT), which represented the elapsed time started from the polymer particle injection. Tracing the real flow path of polymer particle was required. Therefore, the presented simulation model was streamline-assistant. Equation of PDT vs. time of flight (TOF) along streamline was built by the law of polymer particle transport. Based on the field polymer sample and dynamic data, the new model proved its accuracy. Study of degradation effect on polymer flooding indicated: (1) the viscosity loss increased with TOF exponentially in the main body of polymer-slug and remained constant in the slug front; (2) the responding time of polymer flooding was delayed, but the effective time was prolonged; (3) the breakthrough of subsequent water was eased; (4) the capacity of polymer adjusting injection profile was diminished; (5) the incremental recovery was reduced significantly. In general, the effect of thermal degradation on polymer flooding performance was rather negative. This paper provides a more comprehensive insight into polymer thermal degradation in both the physical process and field application. The proposed simulation model offers an effective means for simulating the polymer flooding process with thermal degradation. The negative effect of thermal degradation suggests that the polymer thermal stability should be given full consideration when designing polymer flooding project in elevated-temperature reservoirs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20flooding" title="polymer flooding">polymer flooding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elevated-temperature%20reservoir" title=" elevated-temperature reservoir"> elevated-temperature reservoir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20degradation" title=" thermal degradation"> thermal degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127532/simulation-study-on-polymer-flooding-with-thermal-degradation-in-elevated-temperature-reservoirs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6068</span> Influence of the Non-Uniform Distribution of Filler Porosity on the Thermal Performance of Sensible Heat Thermocline Storage Tanks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuchao%20Hua">Yuchao Hua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lingai%20Luo"> Lingai Luo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal energy storage is of critical importance for the highly-efficient utilization of renewable energy sources. Over the past decades, single-tank thermocline technology has attracted much attention owing to its high cost-effectiveness. In the present work, we investigate the influence of the filler porosity’s non-uniform distribution on the thermal performance of the packed-bed sensible heat thermocline storage tanks on the basis of the analytical model obtained by the Laplace transform. It is found that when the total amount of filler materials (i.e., the integration of porosity) is fixed, the different porosity distributions can result in the significantly-different behaviors of outlet temperature and thus the varied charging and discharging efficiencies. Our results indicate that a non-uniform distribution of the fillers with the proper design can improve the heat storage performance without changing the total amount of the filling materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title="energy storage">energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20thermocline%20storage%20tank" title=" heat thermocline storage tank"> heat thermocline storage tank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packed%20bed" title=" packed bed"> packed bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20thermal%20analysis" title=" transient thermal analysis"> transient thermal analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149548/influence-of-the-non-uniform-distribution-of-filler-porosity-on-the-thermal-performance-of-sensible-heat-thermocline-storage-tanks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6067</span> Comparison of Structure and Corrosion Properties of Titanium Oxide Films Prepared by Thermal Oxidation, DC Plasma Oxidation, and by the Sol-Gel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20%C3%87omakl%C4%B1">O. Çomaklı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yaz%C4%B1c%C4%B1"> M. Yazıcı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Yetim"> T. Yetim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F.%20Yetim"> A. F. Yetim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20%C3%87elik"> A. Çelik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, TiO₂ films were deposited on Cp-Ti substrates by thermal oxidation, DC plasma oxidation, and by the sol-gel method. Microstructures of uncoated and TiO₂ film coated samples were examined by X-ray diffraction and SEM. Thin oxide film consisting of anatase (A) and rutile (R) TiO₂ structures was observed on the surface of CP-Ti by under three different treatments. Also, the more intense anatase and rutile peaks appeared at samples plasma oxidized at 700˚C. The thicknesses of films were about 1.8 μm at the TiO₂ film coated samples by sol-gel and about 2.7 μm at thermal oxidated samples, while it was measured as 3.9 μm at the plasma oxidated samples. Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of uncoated and coated specimens was mainly carried out by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Results showed that at the plasma oxidated samples exhibited a better resistance property to corrosion than that of other treatments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO%E2%82%82" title="TiO₂">TiO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CP-Ti" title=" CP-Ti"> CP-Ti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20properties" title=" corrosion properties"> corrosion properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20oxidation" title=" thermal oxidation"> thermal oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20oxidation" title=" plasma oxidation"> plasma oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74991/comparison-of-structure-and-corrosion-properties-of-titanium-oxide-films-prepared-by-thermal-oxidation-dc-plasma-oxidation-and-by-the-sol-gel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6066</span> Dynamic Study of a Two Phase Thermosyphon Loop</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selva%20Georgena%20D.">Selva Georgena D.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Videcoq%20Etienne"> Videcoq Etienne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caner%20Julien"> Caner Julien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benselama%20Adel"> Benselama Adel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girault%20Manu"> Girault Manu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Two-Phase Thermosyphon Loop (TPTL) is a passive cooling system which does not require a pump to function. Therefore, TPTL is a simple and robust device and its physics is complex to describe because of the coupled phenomena: heat flux, nucleation, fluid dynamics and gravitational effects. Moreover, the dynamic behavior of TPTL shows some physical instabilities and the actual occurrence of such a behavior remains unknown. The aim of this study is to propose a thermal balance of the TPTL to better identify the fundamental reasons for the appearance of the instabilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Two-phase%20flow" title="Two-phase flow">Two-phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20cooling%20system" title="passive cooling system">passive cooling system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20reliability" title="thermal reliability">thermal reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20experimental%20study" title="thermal experimental study">thermal experimental study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-vapor%20phase%20change" title="liquid-vapor phase change">liquid-vapor phase change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153983/dynamic-study-of-a-two-phase-thermosyphon-loop" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6065</span> Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Field-Dried and Pelletized Switchgrass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20E.%20Supan">Karen E. Supan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal degradation kinetics of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) from the field, as well as in a pellet form, are presented. Thermogravimetric analysis tests were performed at heating rates of 10-40 K min⁻¹ in an inert atmosphere. The activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were calculated using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall method as suggested by the ASTM Standard Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry. Four stages were seen in the degradation: dehydration, active pyrolysis of hemicellulose, active pyrolysis of cellulose, and passive pyrolysis. The derivative mass loss peak for active pyrolysis of cellulose in the field-dried sample was much higher than the pelletized. The range of activation energy in the 0.15 – 0.70 conversion interval was 191 – 242 kJ mol⁻¹ for the field-dried and 130-192 kJ mol⁻¹ for the pellets. The highest activation energies were achieved at 0.50 conversion and were 242 kJ mol⁻¹ and 192 kJ mol⁻¹ for the field-dried and pellets, respectively. The thermal degradation and activation energies were comparable to switchgrass and other biomass reported in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switchgrass" title=" switchgrass"> switchgrass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20degradation" title=" thermal degradation"> thermal degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermogravimetric%20analysis" title=" thermogravimetric analysis"> thermogravimetric analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152009/thermal-degradation-kinetics-of-field-dried-and-pelletized-switchgrass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6064</span> Thermal Characterization of Graphene Oxide-Epoxy Nanocomposites Produced by Aqueous Emulsion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Brand%C3%A3o%20Cordeiro">H. A. Brandão Cordeiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Bocardo"> M. G. Bocardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20C.%20Penteado"> N. C. Penteado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20T.%20de%20Moraes"> V. T. de Moraes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Giampietri%20Lebr%C3%A3o"> S. M. Giampietri Lebrão</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20W.%20Lebr%C3%A3o"> G. W. Lebrão</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study desired to obtain a nanocomposite of epoxy resin reinforced with graphene oxide (OG), for aerospace application, produced by aqueous emulsion. It was obtained proof bodies with 0.00 wt%, 0.10 wt%, 0.25 wt% and 0.50 wt% in weight of nanoparticles, to check the influence of it in the final quality of the obtained product. The validation of the results was done by the application thermal characterization by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was seen that the nanocomposite reinforced with 0.10 wt% of OG showed the best results, the average glass transition temperature, at 2 °C, compared to the pure resin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqueous%20emulsion" title="aqueous emulsion">aqueous emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title=" nanocomposites"> nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20characterization" title=" thermal characterization"> thermal characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86607/thermal-characterization-of-graphene-oxide-epoxy-nanocomposites-produced-by-aqueous-emulsion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6063</span> Heat Pipe Production and Life Performance Tests in Geosynchronous Telecom Satellites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erkam%20Arslantas">Erkam Arslantas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat pipes one of the thermal control elements are used in communication satellites. A selection of the heat pipes of satellite thermal design will be emphasized how important and effective it is. In this article, manufacturing and performance control tests of heat pipes are reviewed from the current literature. The heat pipe is expected to function efficiently during all missions of the spacecraft from Beginning of Life (BOL) to End of Life (EOL). There are many parameters that are evaluated in manufacturing and performance control tests of the heat pipes which are used in satellites. These parameters are pressure design, leakage, noncondensable gas level (N.C.G), sine vibration, shock and static load capabilities, aging, bending, proof, final test etc. These parameters will be explained separately for the heat pipes in this review article and young researches working on the thermal control system of Geosynchronous Satellites systems can find easily related information in this article. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20satellite" title="communication satellite">communication satellite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20pipe" title=" heat pipe"> heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20test" title=" performance test"> performance test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20control" title=" thermal control"> thermal control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97736/heat-pipe-production-and-life-performance-tests-in-geosynchronous-telecom-satellites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6062</span> Effect of Post Treatment Temperature on Ni-20Cr Wire Arc Spray Coating to Thermal Resistance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Ninez%20Nurpramesti%20Prinindya">Ken Ninez Nurpramesti Prinindya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuli%20Setiyorini"> Yuli Setiyorini </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crown enclosure high temperature flares damaged and reduced dimensions crown. Generally crown on EHTF could have a life time up to twenty years. Therefore, this study aims to increase the value of thermal resistance with the effect post treatment on NiCr coated arc spray method. The variation of post treatment temperature, was at 650°C, 750°C, and 850°C. Morphology on the surface and the adhesion strength was analyzed by SEM-EDX, Surface Roughness and Pull - off test. XRD testing was conducted to determine the contained in NiCr coated. Thermal stability of NiCr coated was tested by DSC-TGA. The most optimal results was owned by NiCr coating with post treated at 850°C. It has good thermal stability until 1000°C because of Cr2O3 formation in coated specimen. The higher temperature of post treatment coating was showed better result on porosity and roughness surface value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arc%20spray%20process" title="Arc spray process">Arc spray process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NiCr%20wire" title=" NiCr wire"> NiCr wire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-treatment%20coating" title=" post-treatment coating"> post-treatment coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20temperature-corrosion%20resistance" title=" high temperature-corrosion resistance"> high temperature-corrosion resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16505/effect-of-post-treatment-temperature-on-ni-20cr-wire-arc-spray-coating-to-thermal-resistance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6061</span> Exploring the Potential of Phase Change Materials in Construction Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ait%20Ahsene%20F.">A. Ait Ahsene F.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Boughrara%20S."> B. Boughrara S.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The buildings sector accounts for a significant portion of global energy consumption, with much of this energy used to heat and cool indoor spaces. In this context, the integration of innovative technologies such as phase change materials (PCM) holds promising potential to improve the energy efficiency and thermal comfort of buildings. This research topic explores the benefits and challenges associated with the use of PCMs in buildings, focusing on their ability to store and release thermal energy to regulate indoor temperature. We investigated the different types of PCM available, their thermal properties, and their potential applications in various climate zones and building types. To evaluate and compare the performance of PCMs, our methodology includes a series of laboratory and field experiments. In the laboratory, we measure the thermal storage capacity, melting and solidification temperatures, latent heat, and thermal conductivity of various PCMs. These measurements make it possible to quantify the capacity of each PCM to store and release thermal energy, as well as its capacity to transfer this energy through the construction materials. Additionally, field studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of PCMs in real-world environments. We install PCM systems in real buildings and monitor their operation over time, measuring energy savings, occupant thermal comfort, and material durability. These empirical data allow us to compare the effectiveness of different types of PCMs under real-world use conditions. By combining the results of laboratory and field experiments, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and limitations of PCMs in buildings, as well as recommendations for their effective application in practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title="energy saving">energy saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change%20materials" title=" phase change materials"> phase change materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20sustainability" title=" material sustainability"> material sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buildings%20sector" title=" buildings sector"> buildings sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186684/exploring-the-potential-of-phase-change-materials-in-construction-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6060</span> Comparative Study of Vertical and Horizontal Triplex Tube Latent Heat Storage Units</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20El%20Qarnia">Hamid El Qarnia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the impact of the eccentricity of the central tube on the thermal and fluid characteristics of a triplex tube used in latent heat energy storage technologies. Two triplex tube orientations are considered in the proposed study: vertical and horizontal. The energy storage material, which is a phase change material (PCM), is placed in the space between the inside and outside tubes. During the thermal energy storage period, a heat transfer fluid (HTF) flows inside the two tubes, transmitting the heat to the PCM through two heat exchange surfaces instead of one heat exchange surface as it is the case for double tube heat storage systems. A CFD model is developed and validated against experimental data available in the literature. The mesh independency study is carried out to select the appropriate mesh. In addition, different time steps are examined to determine a time step ensuring accuracy of the numerical results and reduction in the computational time. The numerical model is then used to conduct numerical investigations of the thermal behavior and thermal performance of the storage unit. The effects of eccentricity of the central tube and HTF mass flow rate on thermal characteristics and performance indicators are examined for two flow arrangements: co-current and counter current flows. The results are given in terms of isotherm plots, streamlines, melting time and thermal energy storage efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title="energy storage">energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melting" title=" melting"> melting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidification" title=" solidification"> solidification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183782/comparative-study-of-vertical-and-horizontal-triplex-tube-latent-heat-storage-units" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6059</span> Field Study on Thermal Performance of a Green Office in Bangkok, Thailand: A Possibility of Increasing Temperature Set-Points</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Sikram">T. Sikram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ichinose"> M. Ichinose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sasaki"> R. Sasaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the tropics, indoor thermal environment is usually provided by a cooling mode to maintain comfort all year. Indoor thermal environment performance is sometimes different from the standard or from the first design process because of operation, maintenance, and utilization. The field study of thermal environment in the green building is still limited in this region, while the green building continues to increase. This study aims to clarify thermal performance and subjective perception in the green building by testing the temperature set-points. A Thai green office was investigated twice in October 2018 and in May 2019. Indoor environment variables (temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity) were collected continuously. The temperature set-point was normally set as 23 °C, and it was changed into 24 °C and 25 °C. The study found that this gap of temperature set-point produced average room temperature from 22.7 to 24.6 °C and average relative humidity from 55% to 62%. Thermal environments slight shifted out of the ASHRAE comfort zone when the set-point was increased. Based on the thermal sensation vote, the feeling-colder vote decreased by 30% and 18% when changing +1 °C and +2 °C, respectively. Predicted mean vote (PMV) shows that most of the calculated median values were negative. The values went close to the optimal neutral value (0) when the set-point was set at 25 °C. The neutral temperature was slightly decreased when changing warmer temperature set-points. Building-related symptom reports were found in this study that the number of votes reduced continuously when the temperature was warmer. The symptoms that occurred by a cooler condition had the number of votes more than ones that occurred by a warmer condition. In sum, for this green office, there is a possibility to adjust a higher temperature set-point to +1 °C (24 °C) in terms of reducing cold sensitivity, discomfort, and symptoms. All results could support the policy of changing a warmer temperature of this office to become “a better green building”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20environment" title="thermal environment">thermal environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20office" title=" green office"> green office</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20set-point" title=" temperature set-point"> temperature set-point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title=" comfort"> comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110215/field-study-on-thermal-performance-of-a-green-office-in-bangkok-thailand-a-possibility-of-increasing-temperature-set-points" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6058</span> Research of Intrinsic Emittance of Thermal Cathode with Emission Nonuniformity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yufei%20Peng">Yufei Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Qin"> Zhen Qin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianbe%20Li"> Jianbe Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jidong%20Long"> Jidong Long</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The thermal cathode is widely used in accelerators, FELs and kinds of vacuum electronics. However, emission nonuniformity exists due to surface profile, material distribution, temperature variation, crystal orientation, etc., which will cause intrinsic emittance growth, brightness decline, envelope size augment, device performance deterioration or even failure. To understand how emittance is manipulated by emission nonuniformity, an intrinsic emittance model consisting of contributions from macro and micro surface nonuniformity is developed analytically based on general thermal emission model at temperature limited regime according to a real 3mm cathode. The model shows relative emittance increased about 50% due to temperature variation, and less than 5% from several kinds of micro surface nonuniformity which is much smaller than other research. Otherwise, we also calculated emittance growth combining with Monte Carlo method and PIC simulation, experiments of emission uniformity and emittance measurement are going to be carried out separately. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cathode" title="thermal cathode">thermal cathode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20emission%20fluctuation" title=" electron emission fluctuation"> electron emission fluctuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20emittance" title=" intrinsic emittance"> intrinsic emittance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20nonuniformity" title=" surface nonuniformity"> surface nonuniformity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathode%20lifetime" title=" cathode lifetime"> cathode lifetime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64153/research-of-intrinsic-emittance-of-thermal-cathode-with-emission-nonuniformity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6057</span> Infrared Thermography as an Informative Tool in Energy Audit and Software Modelling of Historic Buildings: A Case Study of the Sheffield Cathedral</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ademuyiwa%20Agbonyin">Ademuyiwa Agbonyin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stamatis%20Zoras"> Stamatis Zoras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zandi"> Mohammad Zandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the extent to which building energy modelling can be informed based on preliminary information provided by infrared thermography using a thermal imaging camera in a walkthrough audit. The case-study building is the Sheffield Cathedral, built in the early 1400s. Based on an informative qualitative report generated from the thermal images taken at the site, the regions showing significant heat loss are input into a computer model of the cathedral within the integrated environmental solution (IES) virtual environment software which performs an energy simulation to determine quantitative heat losses through the building envelope. Building data such as material thermal properties and building plans are provided by the architects, Thomas Ford and Partners Ltd. The results of the modelling revealed the portions of the building with the highest heat loss and these aligned with those suggested by the thermal camera. Retrofit options for the building are also considered, however, may not see implementation due to a desire to conserve the architectural heritage of the building. Results show that thermal imaging in a walk-through audit serves as a useful guide for the energy modelling process. Hand calculations were also performed to serve as a 'control' to estimate losses, providing a second set of data points of comparison. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historic%20buildings" title="historic buildings">historic buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20retrofit" title=" energy retrofit"> energy retrofit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20modelling" title=" software modelling"> software modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20modelling" title=" energy modelling"> energy modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103567/infrared-thermography-as-an-informative-tool-in-energy-audit-and-software-modelling-of-historic-buildings-a-case-study-of-the-sheffield-cathedral" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6056</span> Proposals for the Thermal Regulation of Buildings in Algeria: A New Energy Label for Social Housing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Morini">Marco Morini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolandrea%20Calabrese"> Nicolandrea Calabrese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dario%20Chello"> Dario Chello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the international commitment of Algeria towards the development of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the country, the internal energy demand has been continuously growing during the last decade due to the substantial increase of population and of living conditions, which in turn has led to an unprecedented expansion of the residential building sector. The thermal building regulation is the technical document that establishes the calculation framework for the thermal performance of buildings in Algeria, setting up minimum obligatory targets for the thermal performance of new buildings. An update of this regulation is due in the coming years, and this paper discusses some proposals in this regard, with the aim to improve the energy efficiency of the building sector, particularly with regard to social housing. In particular, it proposes a methodology for drafting an energy performance label of new Algerian residential buildings, moving from the results of the thermal compliance verification and sizing of technical systems as defined in the RTB. Such an energy performance label – whose calculation method is briefly described in the paper – aims to raise citizens' awareness of the benefits of energy efficiency. It can represent the first step in a process of integrating technical installations into the calculation of the energy performance of buildings in Algeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building" title="building">building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20certification" title=" energy certification"> energy certification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20housing" title=" social housing"> social housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20cooperation" title=" international cooperation"> international cooperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mediterranean%20region" title=" Mediterranean region"> Mediterranean region</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138652/proposals-for-the-thermal-regulation-of-buildings-in-algeria-a-new-energy-label-for-social-housing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6055</span> Non-thermal Plasma Promotes Boar Sperm Quality Through Increasing AMPK Methylation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiaojiao%20Zhang">Jiaojiao Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Boar sperm quality, as an important indicator of reproductive efficiency, directly affects the efficiency of livestock production. Here, this study was conducted to improve the boar sperm quality by using a non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. Our results showed that DBD plasma exposure at 2.1 W for 15 s could improve boar sperm quality by increasing the exon methylation level of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and thus improving the glycolytic flux, mitochondrial function, and antioxidant capacity without damaging the integrity of sperm DNA and acrosome. In addition, DBD plasma could rescue DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine-caused low sperm quality by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Therefore, the application of non-thermal plasma provides a new strategy for reducing sperm oxidative damage and improving sperm quality, which shows great potential in assisted reproduction to solve the problem of male infertility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-thermal%20DBD%20plasma" title="non-thermal DBD plasma">non-thermal DBD plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sperm%20quality" title=" sperm quality"> sperm quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AMPK%20methylation" title=" AMPK methylation"> AMPK methylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20metabolism" title=" energy metabolism"> energy metabolism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20capacity" title=" antioxidant capacity"> antioxidant capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193854/non-thermal-plasma-promotes-boar-sperm-quality-through-increasing-ampk-methylation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6054</span> Thermal Instability in Solid under Irradiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Selyshchev">P. Selyshchev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Construction materials for nuclear facilities are operated under extreme thermal and radiation conditions. First of all, they are nuclear fuel, fuel assemblies, and reactor vessel. It places high demands on the control of their state, stability of their state, and their operating conditions. An irradiated material is a typical example of an open non-equilibrium system with nonlinear feedbacks between its elements. Fluxes of energy, matter and entropy maintain states which are far away from thermal equilibrium. The links that arise under irradiation are inherently nonlinear. They form the mechanisms of feed-backs that can lead to instability. Due to this instability the temperature of the sample, heat transfer, and the defect density can exceed the steady-state value in several times. This can lead to change of typical operation and an accident. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the thermal instability to avoid the emergency situation. The point is that non-thermal energy can be accumulated in materials because irradiation produces defects (first of all these are vacancies and interstitial atoms), which are metastable. The stored energy is about energy of defect formation. Thus, an annealing of the defects is accompanied by releasing of non-thermal stored energy into thermal one. Temperature of the material grows. Increase of temperature results in acceleration of defect annealing. Density of the defects drops and temperature grows more and more quickly. The positive feed-back is formed and self-reinforcing annealing of radiation defects develops. To describe these phenomena a theoretical approach to thermal instability is developed via formalism of complex systems. We consider system of nonlinear differential equations for different components of microstructure and temperature. The qualitative analysis of this non-linear dynamical system is carried out. Conditions for development of instability have been obtained. Points of bifurcation have been found. Convenient way to represent obtained results is a set of phase portraits. It has been shown that different regimes of material state under irradiation can develop. Thus degradation of irradiated material can be limited by means of choice appropriate kind of evolution of materials under irradiation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiation" title="irradiation">irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material" title=" material"> material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-equilibrium%20state" title=" non-equilibrium state"> non-equilibrium state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20feed-back" title=" nonlinear feed-back"> nonlinear feed-back</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20instability" title=" thermal instability"> thermal instability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46807/thermal-instability-in-solid-under-irradiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6053</span> Development of Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Sub-Channel Code Available for Wire Spacer </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Lu">Qi Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Deng"> Jian Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daishun%20Huang"> Daishun Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao%20Guo"> Chao Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The lead cooled fast reactor is considered as one of the most potential Generation IV nuclear systems due to the low working pressure, the appreciable neutron economy, and the considerable passive characteristics. Meanwhile, the lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) has the related advantages of lead with the weaker corrosiveness, which has been paid much attention by recent decades. Moreover, the sub-channel code is a necessary analysis tool for the reactor thermal-hydraulic design and safety analysis, which has been developed combined with the accumulation of LBE experimental data and the understanding of physical phenomena. In this study, a sub-channel code available for LBE was developed, and the corresponding geometric characterization method of typical sub-channels was described in detail, especially for for the fuel assembly with wire spacer. As for this sub-channel code, the transversal thermal conduction through gap was taken into account. In addition, the physical properties, the heat transfer model, the flow resistance model and the turbulent mixing model were analyzed. Finally, the thermal-hydraulic experiments of LBE conducted on THEADES (THErmal-hydraulics and Ads DESign) were selected as the evaluation data of this sub-channel code, including 19 rods with wire spacer, and the calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20bismuth%20eutectic" title="lead bismuth eutectic">lead bismuth eutectic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-channel%20code" title=" sub-channel code"> sub-channel code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wire%20spacer" title=" wire spacer"> wire spacer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transversal%20thermal%20conduction" title=" transversal thermal conduction"> transversal thermal conduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123137/development-of-lead-bismuth-eutectic-sub-channel-code-available-for-wire-spacer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6052</span> Determination of Thermal Properties of Crosslinked EVA in Outdoor Exposure by DSC, TSC and DMTA Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Agroui">Kamel Agroui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Collins"> George Collins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rydha%20Yaiche"> Rydha Yaiche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to better understand the thermal characteristics and molecular behaviour of cured EVA before and after outdoor exposure. Thermal analysis methods as DSC, TSC and DMTA studies were conducted on EVA material. DSC experiments on EVA show a glass transition at about -33.1° C which is characteristic of crystalline phase and an endothermic peak at temperature of 55 °C characteristic of amorphous phase. The magnitude of the integrated temperature DSC peak for EVA is 14.4 J/g. The basic results by TSC technique is that there are two relaxations that are reproducibly observed in cured EVA encapsulant material. At temperature polarization 85°C, a low temperature relaxation occurs at –24.4°C and a high temperature relaxation occurs at +30.4ºC. DMTA results exhibit two tan peaks located at -14.9°C and +66.6°C. After outdoor exposure cured EVA by DSC analysis revealed two endothermic peaks due to post crystallization phenomenon and TSC suggests that prolonged exposure selectively effects the poly(vinyl acetate)-rich phase, with much less impact on the polyethylene-rich phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EVA" title="EVA">EVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulation%20process" title=" encapsulation process"> encapsulation process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20module" title=" PV module"> PV module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185220/determination-of-thermal-properties-of-crosslinked-eva-in-outdoor-exposure-by-dsc-tsc-and-dmta-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thermal%20engineering&page=10" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thermal%20engineering&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thermal%20engineering&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li 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